Journal articles on the topic '3D CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: 3D CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic '3D CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Olszewski, R., G. Cosnard, B. Macq, P. Mahy, and H. Reychler. "3D CT-based cephalometric analysis: 3D cephalometric theoretical concept and software." Neuroradiology 48, no. 11 (September 29, 2006): 853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-006-0140-x.
Full text
2
Mummolo, Stefano, Alessandro Nota, Enrico Marchetti, Giuseppe Padricelli, and Giuseppe Marzo. "The 3D Tele Motion Tracking for the Orthodontic Facial Analysis." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4932136.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of 3D-TMT, previously used only for dynamic testing, in a static cephalometric evaluation. Material and Method. A group of 40 patients (20 males and 20 females; mean age 14.2±1.2 years; 12–18 years old) was included in the study. The measurements obtained by the 3D-TMT cephalometric analysis with a conventional frontal cephalometric analysis were compared for each subject. Nine passive markers reflectors were positioned on the face skin for the detection of the profile of the patient. Through the acquisition of these points, corresponding plans for three-dimensional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis were found. Results. The cephalometric results carried out with 3D-TMT and with traditional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis showed the 3D-TMT system values are slightly higher than the values measured on radiographs but statistically significant; nevertheless their correlation is very high. Conclusion. The recorded values obtained using the 3D-TMT analysis were correlated to cephalometric analysis, with small but statistically significant differences. The Dahlberg errors resulted to be always lower than the mean difference between the 2D and 3D measurements. A clinician should use, during the clinical monitoring of a patient, always the same method, to avoid comparing different millimeter magnitudes.
3
Li, Chenshuang, Hellen Teixeira, Nipul Tanna, Zhong Zheng, Stephanie Hsiang Yi Chen, Min Zou, and Chun-Hsi Chung. "The Reliability of Two- and Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Measurements: A CBCT Study." Diagnostics 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2021): 2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122292.
Full textAbstract:
Cephalometry is a standard diagnostic tool in orthodontic and orthognathic surgery fields. However, built-in magnification from the cephalometric machine produces double images from left- and right-side craniofacial structures on the film, which poses difficulty for accurate cephalometric tracing and measurements. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images not only allow three-dimensional (3D) analysis, but also enable the extraction of two-dimensional (2D) images without magnification. To evaluate the most reliable cephalometric analysis method, we extracted 2D lateral cephalometric images with and without magnification from twenty full-cranium CBCT datasets; images were extracted with magnification to mimic traditional lateral cephalograms. Cephalometric tracings were performed on the two types of extracted 2D lateral cephalograms and on the reconstructed 3D full cranium images by two examiners. The intra- and inter-examiner intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were compared between linear and angular parameters, as well as between CBCT datasets of adults and children. Our results showed that overall, tracing on 2D cephalometric images without magnification increased intra- and inter-examiner reliability, while 3D tracing reduced inter-examiner reliability. Angular parameters and children’s images had the lowest inter- and intra-examiner ICCs compared with adult samples and linear parameters. In summary, using lateral cephalograms extracted from CBCT without magnification for tracing/analysis increased reliability. Special attention is needed when analyzing young patients’ images and measuring angular parameters.
4
Alsubai, Shtwai. "A Critical Review on the 3D Cephalometric Analysis Using Machine Learning." Computers 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers11110154.
Full textAbstract:
Machine learning applications have momentously enhanced the quality of human life. The past few decades have seen the progression and application of machine learning in diverse medical fields. With the rapid advancement in technology, machine learning has secured prominence in the prediction and classification of diseases through medical images. This technological expansion in medical imaging has enabled the automated recognition of anatomical landmarks in radiographs. In this context, it is decisive that machine learning is capable of supporting clinical decision support systems with image processing and whose scope is found in the cephalometric analysis. Though the application of machine learning has been seen in dentistry and medicine, its progression in orthodontics has grown slowly despite promising outcomes. Therefore, the present study has performed a critical review of recent studies that have focused on the application of machine learning in 3D cephalometric analysis consisting of landmark identification, decision making, and diagnosis. The study also focused on the reliability and accuracy of existing methods that have employed machine learning in 3D cephalometry. In addition, the study also contributed by outlining the integration of deep learning approaches in cephalometric analysis. Finally, the applications and challenges faced are briefly explained in the review. The final section of the study comprises a critical analysis from which the most recent scope will be comprehended.
5
Kuroiedova, V. D., Y. Y. Vyzhenko, O. M. Makarova, and O. A. Stasiuk. "SCIENTIFIC JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF CONE-BEAM COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CBCT) FOR CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN THE «AUDAXCEPH» PROGRAMM." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2019.09.
Full textAbstract:
This article is concerned with peculiarities of points’ placement in orthodontics and study of cephalometric parameters on 3D reconstructions.
The aim of the investigation is to develop out the algorithm of distribution of main cephalometric points on 3D reconstructions, received from CBCT and compare characteristics of measurements done on classic teleroentgenogram (TRG) and 3D reconstructions.
Materials and methods. The main angular (SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-Ba) skeletal saggital parameters, vertical (ML-NSL, NL-ML, Facial axis, <G), and dental were taken (+1/NL, -1/ML, +1/-1). The analysis of dental radiographs was done for cephalometry «AudaxCeph». Teleroentgenogram and 3 D reconstructions of 20 patients were investigated.
Comparing all indices of TRG and 3D reconstructions statistically significant difference was not revealed (р> 0,05). The most significant indices was established during the study of incisive indices - +1/NL, 110±2,72 и 110,2±5,02 correspondingly inter-incisal angle +1/-1 - 133,8±2,21 and 138±5,79.
6
Castillo, Jose C., Grace Gianneschi, Demyana Azer, Amornrut Manosudprasit, Arshan Haghi, Neetu Bansal, Veerasathpurush Allareddy, and Mohamed I. Masoud. "The relationship between 3D dentofacial photogrammetry measurements and traditional cephalometric measurements." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 2 (November 5, 2018): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/120317-825.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the relationship between traditional cephalometric measurements and corresponding nonradiographic three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry measurements. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 20 orthodontic patients (10 male and 10 female) who received lateral cephalometric radiographs and 3D dentofacial photogrammetric records with each subject serving as his or her own control for a total sample size of 40 images (20 per method). A 3D analysis that resembled a traditional cephalometric analysis was established using the eyes and natural head orientation as substitutes for the cranial base. Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression plots were calculated to evaluate the relationship between the photogrammetry measurements and the cephalometric measurements. Results: The ANB angle, mandibular plane angle, lower anterior face height, upper incisor angle to SN, upper incisor angle to NA, and all measurements of lower incisor position and inclination had strong positive Pearson correlation coefficients with the corresponding 3D photogrammetry measurements (P < .004). Statistically significant regression plots demonstrated that cephalometric relationships between the jaws and incisor orientation can be predicted from corresponding 3D photogrammetry measurements. Conclusions: 3D photogrammetry measurements relating the jaws to each other and incisor orientation has a strong positive correlation with corresponding traditional cephalometric measurements and can serve as cephalometric predictors. Capturing the eyes using 3D photogrammetry can obviate the need to expose the cranial base and allow limiting the radiographic field to the area of interest.
7
Ivanović, Anita. "Conventional, Digital 2D and 3D CBCT Cephalogram." Radiološki vjesnik 46, no. 2 (November 15, 2022): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55378/rv.46.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
The cephalogram is a radiological image used in orthodontics. Cephalometric analysis includes the interconnection of reference points which allows analyses and measurements of various planes and angles, which serve as an aid in finding the correct treatment of teeth. The standard cephalogram is recorded in two projections – LL and PA. The combination of LL and PA recordings once made up a 3D display up to the appearance of the CBCT device. Since the introduction of cephalometric analyses, numerous authors have pointed out the need for the development of new methods of analysis and measurement to correct the shortcomings of reference points, lines, and angles. The aim of this paper is to present a reliability assessment of cephalometric analysis and measurement on three types of cephalograms: conventional, digital 2D, and 3D CBCT cephalograms. Furthermore, the article presents the methodology and results of several scientific studies. The results of the reviewed studies show that all tested methods are reliable and practical for scientific research, with clinically acceptable differences between manually and digitally analyzed cephalograms. 3D CBCT shows a slightly higher degree of reliability in terms of taking measurements, but it is thought that new ways of producing more accurate measurements as well as better ways of displaying certain reference points should be devised. Finally, 2D cephalometric measurements should not be abandoned because the transition to 3D technology requires more additional research.
8
Ho, Cheng-Ting, Rafael Denadai, Hsin-Chih Lai, Lun-Jou Lo, and Hsiu-Hsia Lin. "Computer-Aided Planning in Orthognathic Surgery: A Comparative Study with the Establishment of Burstone Analysis-Derived 3D Norms." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8122106.
Full textAbstract:
Three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided simulation has revolutionized orthognathic surgery treatment, but scarce 3D cephalometric norms have been defined to date. The purposes of this study were to (1) establish a normative database of 3D Burstone cephalometric measurements for adult male and female Chinese in Taiwan, (2) compare this 3D norm dataset with the two-dimensional (2D) Burstone norms from Caucasian and Singaporean Chinese populations, and (3) apply these 3D norms to assess the outcome of a computer-aided simulation of orthognathic surgery. Three-dimensional Burstone cephalometric analysis was performed on 3D digital craniofacial image models generated from cone-beam computed tomography datasets of 60 adult Taiwanese Chinese individuals with normal occlusion and balanced facial profile. Three-dimensional Burstone analysis was performed on 3D image datasets from patients with skeletal Class III pattern (n = 30) with prior computer-aided simulation. Three-dimensional Burstone cephalometric measurements showed that Taiwanese Chinese males had significantly (p < 0.05) larger anterior and posterior facial heights, maxillary length, and mandibular ramus height than females, with no significant (p > 0.05) difference for facial soft-tissue parameters. The 3D norm dataset revealed Taiwanese Chinese-specific facial characteristics, with Taiwanese presenting (p < 0.05) a more convex profile, protrusive maxillary apical bases, protruding mandible, protruding upper and lower lips, and a shorter maxillary length and lower facial height than Caucasians. Taiwanese had significantly (p < 0.05) larger maxillary projection, vertical height ratio, lower face throat angle, nasolabial angle, and upper lip protrusion than Singaporean Chinese. No significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed between 3D norms and computer-aided simulation-derived 3D patient images for horizontal skeletal, vertical skeletal, and dental measurements, with the exception of two dental parameters (p < 0.05). This study contributes to literature by providing gender- and ethnic-specific 3D Burstone cephalometric norms, which can assist in the multidisciplinary-based delivery of orthodontic surgical care for Taiwanese Chinese individuals worldwide, including orthodontic management, computer-assisted simulation, and outcome assessment.
9
Tsynkel, Paweł, and Krzysztof Woźniak. "A comparison of threedimensional photogrammetric analysis of the face with traditional cephalometric measurements." Forum Ortodontyczne 13, no. 3 (September 19, 2017): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8764.
Full textAbstract:
Spatial reconstruction based on two-dimensional photographs is a method to obtain 3D images which does not require high equipment investments. The third dimension is obtainable by taking additional photographs of an object from several angles according to a scheme allowing to determine a specific perspective and their relative location towards others in a precise way. <b>Aim</b>. To assess precision of the author’s photogrammetric method for three-dimensional facial reconstruction (3D). To compare results of cephalometric analyses on X-ray scans with photogrammetric threedimensional facial reconstruction. <b>Material and methods.</b> The study was performed based on components of routine medical documentation of 57 orthodontic patients (21 males and 36 females, mean age 18.2 years (9.9–45.3 years). Right-face cephalometric radiographs and right-, full-, and left-face digital photographs were analyzed in the studies. All photographs were taken with a mobile photostatic station. Photographs were taken when a patient assumed a sitting position with natural head orientation (NHO). With regard to a laboratory stage, all photographs were cataloged appropriately and then they were calibrated, idealized, and spatially reconstructed (3D). <b>Results.</b> With regard to a 3D facial reconstruction method a mean difference of measurements was 0.45 mm and the standard deviation was 0.38 mm. Precision (repeatability) for five linear measurements of the face was 0.53 mm (SD = 0.46 mm), and for angular measurements the precision was 0.6° with the standard deviation of 0.49°. Results of the correlation analysis showed that the mean correlation coefficient (r) for six angular measurements was 0.79. The correlation coefficient between measurements performed using both cephalometric methods was statistically significant (p = 0.0000). Conclusions. The authors’ system of photogrammetric 3D facial reconstruction is an effective cephalometric tool. 3D photogrammetric facial reconstruction may be used when planning orthodontic treatment. <b>(Tsynkel P, Woźniak K. A comparison of three-dimensional photogrammetric analysis of the face with traditional cephalometric measurements. Orthod Forum 2017; 13: 141-52).</b>
10
Haworth, Jennifer, Miesha Virdi, and Anthony J. Ireland. "Lateral Cephalograms: Why Do We Take Them?" Orthodontic Update 15, no. 2 (April 2, 2022): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ortu.2022.15.2.82.
Full textAbstract:
Orthodontic indications for lateral cephalograms are diagnosis, prescription, prediction and research. Benefits of taking these radiographs must be weighed against the risks of radiation exposure. Various cephalometric analyses have been described, and these are commonly used for diagnosis and treatment planning, but unavoidable errors of both projection and identification can complicate radiographic interpretation. The use of the cervical vertebral maturation technique for growth prediction has been contentious, but may have a useful role in aiding treatment timing. Research outcomes in orthodontics have focused heavily on cephalometrics, but this is starting to change, especially with the development of 3D analysis techniques. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The range of uses of lateral cephalograms in orthodontic practice and some of the latest research regarding the use of cephalometrics in treatment planning is described.
11
Kogou, T., M. Hirota, M. Yamamoto, M. Narita, T. Takaki, N. Takano, and T. Shibahara. "Comparision between 3D and 2D cephalometric analysis of orthognathis surgery." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 72, no. 9 (September 2014): e128-e129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.230.
Full text
12
Ogawa, Naoki, Yoshikazu Miyazaki, Masato Kubota, John C. Huang, Arthur J. Miller, and Koutaro Maki. "Application of cone beam CT 3D images to cephalometric analysis." Orthodontic Waves 69, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.odw.2010.06.004.
Full text
13
Kumar, Vandana, John Ludlow, Lucia Helena Soares Cevidanes, and André Mol. "In Vivo Comparison of Conventional and Cone Beam CT Synthesized Cephalograms." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082907-399.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: To compare measurements from synthesized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) lateral cephalograms using orthogonal and perspective projections with those from conventional cephalometric radiographs. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one patients were imaged using CBCT and conventional cephalometry. CBCT volume data were imported in Dolphin 3D. Orthogonal and perspective lateral cephalometric radiographs were created from three-dimensional (3D) virtual models. Twelve linear and five angular measurements were made on synthesized and conventional cephalograms in a randomized fashion. Conventional image measurements were corrected for known magnification. Linear and angular measurements were compared between image modalities using repeated measures analysis of variance. Statistical significance was defined as an α level of .01. Results: With the exception of the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (P < .0001), angular measurements were not statistically different for any modality (P > .01). Linear measurements, whether based on soft or hard tissue landmarks, were not statistically different (P > .01). Conclusions: Measurements from in vivo CBCT synthesized cephalograms are similar to those based on conventional radiographic images. Thus, additional conventional imaging may generally be avoided when CBCT scans are acquired for orthodontic diagnosis.
14
Zecca, Piero Antonio, Rosamaria Fastuca, Matteo Beretta, Alberto Caprioglio, and Aldo Macchi. "Correlation Assessment between Three-Dimensional Facial Soft Tissue Scan and Lateral Cephalometric Radiography in Orthodontic Diagnosis." International Journal of Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1473918.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. The aim of the present prospective study was to investigate correlations between 3D facial soft tissue scan and lateral cephalometric radiography measurements.Materials and Methods. The study sample comprised 312 subjects of Caucasian ethnic origin. Exclusion criteria were all the craniofacial anomalies, noticeable asymmetries, and previous or current orthodontic treatment. A cephalometric analysis was developed employing 11 soft tissue landmarks and 14 sagittal and 14 vertical angular measurements corresponding to skeletal cephalometric variables. Cephalometric analyses on lateral cephalometric radiographies were performed for all subjects. The measurements were analysed in terms of their reliability and gender-age specific differences. Then, the soft tissue values were analysed for any correlations with lateral cephalometric radiography variables using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.Results. Low, medium, and high correlations were found for sagittal and vertical measurements. Sagittal measurements seemed to be more reliable in providing a soft tissue diagnosis than vertical measurements.Conclusions. Sagittal parameters seemed to be more reliable in providing a soft tissue diagnosis similar to lateral cephalometric radiography. Vertical soft tissue measurements meanwhile showed a little less correlation with the corresponding cephalometric values perhaps due to the low reproducibility of cranial base and mandibular landmarks.
15
Farronato, Marco, Giuseppe Baselli, Benedetta Baldini, Gianfranco Favia, and Gianluca Martino Tartaglia. "3D Cephalometric Normality Range: Auto Contractive Maps (ACM) Analysis in Selected Caucasian Skeletal Class I Age Groups." Bioengineering 9, no. 5 (May 17, 2022): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9050216.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this paper is to define normal values of a novel 3D cephalometric analysis and to define the links through an artificial neural network (ANN). Methods: One hundred and fifteen CBCTs of Class I young patients, distributed among gender-adjusted developmental groups, were selected. Three operators identified 18 cephalometric landmarks from which 36 measurements were obtained. The repeatability was assessed through the ICC. Two-dimensional values were extracted by an automatic function, and the mean value and standard deviation were compared by paired Student’s t-tests. Correlation coefficient gave the relationships between 2D and 3D measurements for each group. The values were computed with the ANN to evaluate the parameters normality link and displayed by Pajek software. Results: The ICC assessed an excellent (≥0.9) repeatability. Normal values were extracted, and compared with 2D measurements, they showed a high correlation on the mid-sagittal plane, reaching 1.00, with the lowest 0.71 on the lateral plane. The ANN showed strong links between the values with the centrality of the go-sagittal plane compared to the rest. Conclusions: The study provides a set of 3D cephalometric values obtained by the upper and lower 95% CI for the mean divided into the developmental stage subgroups. The two-dimensional measurements showed variable concordance, while the ANN showed a centrality between the parameters.
16
Ebrahem Hezam, Al-cablany, O. M. Makarova, and V. D. Kuroiedova. "CEPHALOMETRIC SKELETAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN LEFT AND RIGHT SIDE OF SKULL FOR TWO AGE GROUPS PATIENTS WITH CLASS ONE MALOCCLUSION BY THREE DIMENSIONAL CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2020.08.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The purpose of our research was to study comparative cephalometric analysis between left and right sides of head and evaluate the skeletal facial symmetry in patients with class 1 malocclusion by 3D Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment by 3D Cone-beam computed tomography radiographs for 20 patients of two age groups with class 1 malocclusion was undergone for 11 angular and 4 liner measurements from right and left sides, anteroposterior, vertical and frontal view by hand except the hard landmarks determination. Chi-test was used to compare the result of both sides (P < 0.05). Results: No difference was found between left and right analysis for linear measurements as for the angular cephalometric measurements. Conclusion: Measurements of skeletal analysis by 3D CBCT cephalograms from right side were found to be similar to left side. So, we can use the left analysis for orthodontics diagnosis as right side. Also, the both sides analysis can be used for symmetric analysis reasons.
17
Tsolakis, Ioannis A., Apostolos I. Tsolakis, Tarek Elshebiny, Stefanos Matthaios, and J. Martin Palomo. "Comparing a Fully Automated Cephalometric Tracing Method to a Manual Tracing Method for Orthodontic Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 22 (November 20, 2022): 6854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226854.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This study aims to compare an automated cephalometric analysis based on the latest deep learning method of automatically identifying cephalometric landmarks with a manual tracing method using broadly accepted cephalometric software. Methods: A total of 100 cephalometric X-rays taken using a CS8100SC cephalostat were collected from a private practice. The X-rays were taken in maximum image size (18 × 24 cm lateral image). All cephalometric X-rays were first manually traced using the Dolphin 3D Imaging program version 11.0 and then automatically, using the Artificial Intelligence CS imaging V8 software. The American Board of Orthodontics analysis and the European Board of Orthodontics analysis were used for the cephalometric measurements. This resulted in the identification of 16 cephalometric landmarks, used for 16 angular and 2 linear measurements. Results: All measurements showed great reproducibility with high intra-class reliability (>0.97). The two methods showed great agreement, with an ICC range of 0.70–0.92. Mean values of SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-MP, U1-SN, L1-NB, SNPg, ANPg, SN/ANS-PNS, SN/GoGn, U1/ANS-PNS, L1-APg, U1-NA, and L1-GoGn landmarks had no significant differences between the two methods (p > 0.0027), while the mean values of FMA, L1-MP, ANS-PNS/GoGn, and U1-L1 were statistically significantly different (p < 0.0027). Conclusions: The automatic cephalometric tracing method using CS imaging V8 software is reliable and accurate for all cephalometric measurements.
18
Wong, R. W. K., A. C. M. Chau, and U. Hägg. "3D CBCT McNamara's cephalometric analysis in an adult southern Chinese population." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 40, no. 9 (September 2011): 920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2011.03.011.
Full text
19
Perrotti, Giovanna, Giulia Baccaglione, Tommaso Clauser, Luca Testarelli, Massimo Del Fabbro, and Tiziano Testori. "Total Face Approach (TFA): A Novel 3D Approach to Describe the Main Cephalometric Craniomaxillofacial Parameters." Methods and Protocols 4, no. 1 (February 20, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps4010015.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to propose a 3D skeletal classification and relative normal values of reference. Method: from a pool of 271 cone-beam computerized tomography images 108 chin-summit examinations of the skull were selected and divided into 3 traditional skeletal classes. The same Cone-beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) images were then assessed using the cephalometric multiplanar analysis following the total face approach protocol. Results: the results of this study indicate standard 3D cephalometric norms for the vertical and sagittal evaluation of the skull. Conclusions: data obtained from our measurements allowed the creation of intervals supplying nosological classification that could be used in orthodontics, orthognatic surgery and implant surgery in fully edentulous patients.
20
Farronato, Giampietro, Umberto Garagiola, Aldo Dominici, Giulia Periti, Sandro de Nardi, Vera Carletti, and Davide Farronato. "“Ten-point” 3D cephalometric analysis using low-dosage cone beam computed tomography." Progress in Orthodontics 11, no. 1 (May 2010): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pio.2010.04.007.
Full text
21
Geovanna Sofia Heras Olalla, John Esteban Verdugo Parra, Anthony Stalin Zhunio Cárdenas, and Manuel Estuardo Bravo. "Comparison of Steiner Cephalometric analysis of lateral skull X-ray images with CBCT in a group of students of the dental school of the University of Cuenca." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 1008–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0135.
Full textAbstract:
The Steiner analysis from images obtained from cone beam computed tomography is one of the essential tools today for diagnosis in the area of orthodontics, within this aspect its high value for the study of points, angles and cephalometric planes allows the prediction of the possible treatment plan for each patient according to the specific characteristics resulting in each patient. Objective: To compare the results in Steiner cephalometric measurements obtained in 2D lateral skull radiographs and in 3D cephalograms generated from Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methodology: Type of comparative analytical study. A non-probabilistic sample was established by convenience consisting of 29 diagnostic studies divided into: 29 lateral skull X-rays and 29 standardized CBCT. Subsequent localization, tracing and measurement of skeletal and dental angles were performed according to Steiner's cephalometric analysis using Nemostudio 2022 software. The study and analysis was performed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Results: The mean difference between the skeletal angles SNA, SNB, ANB, SND and Occlusal Plane Angle showed that there is no significant discrepancy when performing a cephalometric analysis in three-dimensional images compared to two-dimensional images. Conclusion: There is a high degree of reliability and accuracy of cephalometric measurements for obtaining skeletal and dental angles in two-dimensional images obtained from a CBCT with respect to a lateral radiograph.
22
Gibson, Matthew, Randy Q. Cron, Matthew L. Stoll, Brian E. Kinard, Tessa Patterson, and Chung How Kau. "A 3D CBCT Analysis of Airway and Cephalometric Values in Patients Diagnosed with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Compared to a Control Group." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 4286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094286.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is affected in 30–45% of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients, with all JIA subtypes at risk for TMJ involvement. JIA patients with TMJ involvement may present with altered craniofacial morphology, including micrognathia, mandibular retrognathia, a hyperdivergent mandibular plane angle, and skeletal anterior open bite. These features are also commonly present and associated with non-JIA pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and Methods: The study was comprised of a group of 32 JIA patients and a group of 32 healthy control subjects. CBCT images were taken for all patients and were imported into Dolphin Imaging software. The Dolphin Imaging was used to measure the upper airway volumes and the most constricted cross-sectional areas of each patient. Cephalometric images were rendered from the CBCT data for each patient, and the following cephalometric values were identified: SNA angle, SNB angle, ANB angle, anterior facial height (AFH), posterior facial height (PFH), mandibular plane angle (SN-MP), FMA (FH-MP), overjet (OJ), and overbite (OB). Airway volumes, the most constricted cross-sectional area values, and cephalometric values were compared between the JIA and control groups. Results: For airway values, statistically significant differences were seen in the nasopharynx airway volume (p = 0.004), total upper airway volume (p = 0.013), and the most constricted cross-sectional area (p = 0.026). The oropharynx airway volume was not statistically significant (p = 0.051). For cephalometric values, only the posterior facial height showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.024). Conclusions: There was a significant difference in airway dimensions in the JIA patients as compared to the control patients. In addition, the posterior facial dimensions seem to be affected in JIA patients. The ODDs ratio analysis further corroborated the findings that were significant.
23
Qian, Yuran, Hui Qiao, Xu Wang, Qi Zhan, Yuan Li, Wei Zheng, and Yu Li. "Comparison of the accuracy of 2D and 3D cephalometry: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 38, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2022-0015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives To compare the measurement of cephalometric parameters using 3D images obtained from CBCT to 2D images obtained from a conventional cephalogram. Methods An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, CENTRAL, and the grey literature database of SIGLE (up to May 2021). The selection of the eligible studies, data extraction, and an evaluation for possible risk of bias (Quality Assessment of Measurement Accuracy Studies tool) were performed independently by two authors. Inconsistencies were judged by a third author. Statistical pooling, subgroup analysis, a sensitivity analysis and an evaluation of publication bias were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 2.2.064, Biostat, Englewood, NJ). Results A total of eight articles were eligible for final meta-analysis. The differences in two of the skeletal measurement parameters [Ar(Co)-Gn, Me-Go] and one of the dental measurement parameters (U1-L1) were found to be statistically significant when using CBCT and conventional cephalograms (P = 0.000, P = 0.004, P = 0.000, respectively). Conclusions CBCT can be used as a supplementary option to support conventional cephalometric measurements. In clinical situations in which three-dimensional information is required, patients can benefit from CBCT analysis to improve diagnosis and treatment planning.
24
Ruotolo, Rachel A., Nestor A. Veitia, Aaron Corbin, Joseph McDonough, Cynthia B. Solot, Donna McDonald-McGinn, Elaine H. Zackai, et al. "Velopharyngeal Anatomy in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 43, no. 4 (July 2006): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/04-193.1.
Full textAbstract:
Objective 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common genetic cause of velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising method for noninvasive, three-dimensional (3D) assessment of velopharyngeal (VP) anatomy. The purpose of this study was to assess VP structure in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome by using 3D MRI analysis. Design This was a retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance images obtained in patients with VPD associated with a 22q11.2 deletion compared with a normal control group. Setting This study was conducted at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, a pediatric tertiary care center. Patients, Participants The study group consisted of 5 children between the ages of 2.9 and 7.9 years, with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. All had VPD confirmed by nasendoscopy or videofluoroscopy. The control population consisted of 123 unaffected patients who underwent MRI for reasons other than VP assessment. Interventions Axial and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images with 3-mm slice thickness were obtained from the orbit to the larynx in all patients by using a 1.5T Siemens Visions system. Outcome Measures Linear, angular, and volumetric measurements of VP structures were obtained from the magnetic resonance images with VIDA image-processing software. Results The study group demonstrated greater anterior and posterior cranial base and atlanto-dental angles. They also demonstrated greater pharyngeal cavity volume and width and lesser tonsillar and adenoid volumes. Conclusion Patients with a 22q11.2 deletion demonstrate significant alterations in VP anatomy that may contribute to VPD.
25
Kissel, Pamela, James K. Mah, and Axel Bumann. "Modern 3D cephalometry in pediatric orthodontics—downsizing the FOV and development of a new 3D cephalometric analysis within a minimized large FOV for dose reduction." Clinical Oral Investigations 25, no. 7 (January 25, 2021): 4651–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03779-x.
Full text
26
Tulunoglu, Ozlem, Elcin Esenlik, Ayse Gulsen, and Ibrahim Tulunoglu. "A Comparison of Three-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluations of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate." European Journal of Dentistry 05, no. 04 (October 2011): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698918.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the consistency of orthodontic measurement performed on cephalometric films and 3D CT images of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. Methods: The study was conducted with 2D radiographs and 3D CT images of 9 boys and 6 girls aged 7-12 with CLP. 3D reconstructions were performed using MIMICS software. Results: Frontal analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except occlusal plane tilt (OcP-tilt) and McNamara analysis found statistical differences in 2D and 3D measurements for all parameters except ANS-Me and Co-Gn; Steiner analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except SND, SNB and Max1-SN. Intra-group variability in measurements was also very low for all parameters for both 2D and 3D images. Conclusions: Study results indicate significant differences between measurements taken from 2D and 3D images in patients with cleft lip and palate. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:451-458)
27
Knyaz, V. A., A. A. Maksimov, M. M. Novikov, and A. V. Urmashova. "AUTOMATIC ANTHROPOLOGICAL LANDMARKS RECOGNITION AND MEASUREMENTS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-2/W1-2021 (April 15, 2021): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-2-w1-2021-137-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Many anthropological researches require identification and measurement of craniometric and cephalometric landmarks which provide valuable information about the shape of a head. This information is necessary for morphometric analysis, face approximation, craniafacial identification etc. Traditional techniques use special anthropological tools to perform required measurements, identification of landmarks usually being made by an expert-anthropologist. Modern techniques of optical 3D measurements such as photogrammetry, computer tomography, laser 3D scanning provide new possibilities for acquiring accurate 2D and 3D data of high resolution, thus creating new conditions for anthropological data analysis. Traditional anthropological manual point measurements can be substituted by analysis of accurate textured 3D models, which allow to retrieve more information about studied object and easily to share data for independent analysis. The paper presents the deep learning technique for anthropological landmarks identification and accurate 3D measurements. Photogrammetric methods and their practical implementation in the automatic system for accurate digital 3D reconstruction of anthropological objects are described.
28
Dmitriev, M. O., I. V. Gunas, I. V. Dzevulska, and I. V. Zhulkevych. "Determination of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognatic bite." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 33 (December 27, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba33-2018-1.
Full textAbstract:
To date, there are no clear recommendations on the use of a particular indicator, cephalometric method, normative basis for the inhabitants of Ukraine when assessing the cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane. The purpose of the study - by studying cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis - develop in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane. In 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces, lateral teleroentgenograms were obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan). Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of W. B. Downs, J. McNamara, R. A. Holdway, P. F. Schmuth, A. M. Schwarz, C. C. Steiner and C. H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package "Statistica 6.0", using regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane were simulated: the angle YGOCLPl, the angle POR_DOP, the angle POR_OCP, and the SN_OSP angle. It was established that in both young men and women, all four possible models with a determination coefficient from 0.808 to 0.998 in young men and from 0.832 to 0.974 in young women were constructed. In the analysis of models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex, it was found that in young men the most frequent regression equations include - the Wits indicator (21.1% for all four equations), the angle AB_NPOG (15.8%) and the distance PN_POG (10.5%). In young women, most often the regression equations include - Wits indicator (17.4% - also to all 4 equations); angle AB_NPOG, distance AFH, angle MM and angle SN_GoGn (by 8.7%). So, using the method of stepwise regression, among Ukrainians of juvenile, based on the features of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane were created.
29
Dot, Gauthier, Frédéric Rafflenbeul, Adeline Kerbrat, Philippe Rouch, Laurent Gajny, and Thomas Schouman. "Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmarking and Frankfort Horizontal Plane Construction: Reproducibility of Conventional and Novel Landmarks." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 5303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10225303.
Full textAbstract:
In some dentofacial deformity patients, especially patients undergoing surgical orthodontic treatments, Computed Tomography (CT) scans are useful to assess complex asymmetry or to plan orthognathic surgery. This assessment would be made easier for orthodontists and surgeons with a three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analysis, which would require the localization of landmarks and the construction of reference planes. The objectives of this study were to assess manual landmarking repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) of a set of 3D landmarks and to evaluate R&R of vertical cephalometric measurements using two Frankfort Horizontal (FH) planes as references for horizontal 3D imaging reorientation. Thirty-three landmarks, divided into “conventional”, “foraminal” and “dental”, were manually located twice by three experienced operators on 20 randomly-selected CT scans of orthognathic surgery patients. R&R confidence intervals (CI) of each landmark in the -x, -y and -z directions were computed according to the ISO 5725 standard. These landmarks were then used to construct 2 FH planes: a conventional FH plane (orbitale left, porion right and left) and a newly proposed FH plane (midinternal acoustic foramen, orbitale right and left). R&R of vertical cephalometric measurements were computed using these 2 FH planes as horizontal references for CT reorientation. Landmarks showing a 95% CI of repeatability and/or reproducibility > 2 mm were found exclusively in the “conventional” landmarks group. Vertical measurements showed excellent R&R (95% CI < 1 mm) with either FH plane as horizontal reference. However, the 2 FH planes were not found to be parallel (absolute angular difference of 2.41°, SD 1.27°). Overall, “dental” and “foraminal” landmarks were more reliable than the “conventional” landmarks. Despite the poor reliability of the landmarks orbitale and porion, the construction of the conventional FH plane provided a reliable horizontal reference for 3D craniofacial CT scan reorientation.
30
Kerbrat, Adeline, Isabelle Rivals, Pauline Dupuy, Gauthier Dot, Britt-Isabelle Berg, Valérie Attali, and Thomas Schouman. "Biplanar Low-Dose Radiograph Is Suitable for Cephalometric Analysis in Patients Requiring 3D Evaluation of the Whole Skeleton." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 5477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235477.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The biplanar 2D/3D X-ray technology (BPXR) is a 2D/3D imaging system allowing simultaneous stereo-corresponding posteroanterior (PA) and lateral 2D views of the whole body. The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility of cephalometric analysis based on the BPXR lateral skull view to accurately characterize facial morphology. Method: A total of 17 landmarks and 11 angles were placed and/or calculated on lateral BPXR and lateral cephalograms of 13 patients by three investigators. Five methods of angle identification were performed: the direct construction of straight lines on lateral cephalograms (LC-A) and on BPXR (BPXR-A), as well as the calculation of angles based on landmark identification on lateral cephalograms (LA-L) and on BPXR with the PA image (BPXR-LPA) or without (BPXR-L). Intra- and interoperator reliability of landmark identification and angle measurement of each method were calculated. To determine the most reliable method among the BPXR-based methods, their concordance with the reference method, LC-A, was evaluated. Results: Both imaging techniques had excellent intra- and interoperator reliability for landmark identification. On lateral BPXR, BPXR-A presented the best concordance with the reference method and a good intra- and interoperator reliability. Conclusion: BPXR provides a lateral view of the skull suitable for cephalometric analysis with good reliability.
31
Ohnishi, Y., H. j. Kim, K. Kakudo, and T. Iizuka. "O.048 Importance of head positioning in cephalometric analysis of 3D-CT stereotaxic images." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 34 (September 2006): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1010-5182(06)60077-2.
Full text
32
Żyła, Tomasz, Beata Kawala, Rafał Nowak, Maciej Kawala, and Jowita Halupczok-Żyła. "Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis of Skeletal and Dental Effects in Patients Undergoing Transpalatal Distraction." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 23, 2022): 4273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094273.
Full textAbstract:
The present study aimed to assess dental and skeletal effects after transpalatal distraction using 3D cephalometry methodology. The study group comprised 34 patients (mean age 27.7 years) who were diagnosed with transverse skeletal maxillary deficiency of at least 7 mm. Computed tomography scans were obtained before surgical procedure (T1), after completion of expansion (T2) and at 6-month follow-up (T3). Computed tomography scans were imported into Dolphin Imaging software version 11.7 (Chatsworth, CA, USA). Three-dimensional skull models were oriented according to the Frankfurt horizontal plane, midsagittal plane (passing through the skeletal nasion) and frontal plane (passing through the right and left porion). Cephalometric landmarks related to skeletal, and dental structures were traced and linear and angular measurements were calculated. Following transpalatal distraction N-ANS and S-PNS distances increased by 1.27 mm and 0.54 mm, respectively. Skeletal expansion at the canine region (ARCR-ARCL) was 8.43 mm at T2 and 6.39 mm at T3. Expansion at the distal part of the maxilla (ARMR-ARML) was 5.95 mm at T2 and 4.81 mm after retention. The highest increase in maxillary arch width at T2 was observed at canines (8.74 mm), lower at premolars (8.33 mm) and the lowest at molars (6.76 mm). There is no anteroposterior movement of maxilla following transpalatal distraction; however, the maxilla shifts downward which is particularly marked anteriorly. Skeletal and dental expansion in the transversal plane occurs in a V-shaped manner, with more expansion at the anterior part of the maxilla.
33
Kim, Dong Kyu, Dong Hun Choi, Jeong Woo Lee, Jung Dug Yang, Ho Yun Chung, Byung Chae Cho, and Kang Young Choi. "Method of Individual Adjustment for 3D CT Analysis: Linear Measurement." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6893072.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. We aim to regularize measurement values in three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstructed images for higher-precision 3D analysis, focusing on length-based 3D cephalometric examinations.Methods. We measure the linear distances between points on different skull models using Vernier calipers (real values). We use 10 differently tilted CT scans for 3D CT reconstruction of the models and measure the same linear distances from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). In both cases, each measurement is performed three times by three doctors, yielding nine measurements. The real values are compared with the PACS values. Each PACS measurement is revised based on the display field of view (DFOV) values and compared with the real values.Results. The real values and the PACS measurement changes according to tilt value have no significant correlations (p>0.05). However, significant correlations appear between the real values and DFOV-adjusted PACS measurements (p<0.001). Hence, we obtain a correlation expression that can yield real physical values from PACS measurements. The DFOV value intervals for various age groups are also verified.Conclusion. Precise confirmation of individual preoperative length and precise analysis of postoperative improvements through 3D analysis is possible, which is helpful for facial-bone-surgery symmetry correction.
34
Olszewski, Raphael, Timothée Dontaine, Guillaume A. Odri, Francis Zech, Benedicte Bayet, and Hervé Reychler. "Three-dimensional analysis of airway space and mandibular morphology in Pierre Robin sequence using cone beam computed tomography." NEMESIS 2, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/nemesis.v2i1.2923.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: The Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is defined by retromicrognathia, glossoptosis, and sleep apnea and can also be associated with cleft palate. Diagnosis, management and mandibular catch-up growth are still controversial issues in PRS patients. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate in three dimensions (3D) the airway space and mandibular morphology in PRS compared to a normal control group patients in the pre-orthodontic period of life. The null hypothesis was that we would not find a significant difference between the PRS and control group patients in oropharyngeal airway volume measurements. Material and methods: We analyzed 9 PRS patients (mean age: 8 years-old) who underwent cleft palate surgery in the first four months of life, performed by the same surgeon using the same technique. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed in these patients after local ethical committee approval. The control group consisted of 15 patients (mean age: 9 years-old) with CBCT already performed for other reasons. 3D Slicer was used in both groups for semi-automatic segmentation of the airway space. Two independent observers performed semi-automatic segmentations twice in each patient with a one- week interval between the two series of measurements. Airway volume was automatically measured using 3D Slicer. We also developed a 3D cephalometric analysis with Maxilim software in order to define a 3D mandibular morphology which consisted of 25 landmarks, 4 planes, and 23 distances. Two independent observers performed the 3D cephalometric analysis twice for each patient, with a one- week interval between the two series of measurements. Results: There was no significant difference in the intra- and inter-observer measurements between the PRS and control groups for airway space volume (p<0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the shape of the mandible between the PRS group and the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Vertical ramus width and mandibular global anteroposterior length were significantly lower in the PRS group. Mandibular hypoplasia could be found in PRS patients not only in the horizontal dimension. Nemesis relevance: the null hypothesis was confirmed. Moreover we failed to find exactly the same control group under 9 years-old due to radioprotection restrictions of application of cone beam CT in children.
35
Dmitriev, M. O., A. V. Chernysh, and T. V. Chugu. "Cephalometric studies of Ukrainian boys and girls with physiological bite by the method of Charles J. Burstone." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 30 (March 29, 2018): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba30-2018-09.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of scientific literature points to significant ethnic, racial, age and sexualdifferences in cephalometric indices obtained by the method of C. J. Burstone, whichnecessitates conducting similar cephalometric studies among different age and sexgroups of the population of Ukraine with physiological bite. The purpose of the study isto establish and analyze the cephalometric parameters by the method of C. J. Burstonein boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite. Primary lateralteleroentgenograms of 38 boys and 55 girls with normal occlusion close to orthognathicbite, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), were taken fromthe data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial MedicalUniversity, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to therecommendations of C. J. Burstone. The statistical processing of the obtained resultswas carried out in the licensed package "Statistica 6.0" using nonparametric methodsfor evaluating the obtained results. When comparing the cephalometric parametersused in the analysis of C. J. Burstone between boys and girls with orthognathic bite inboys, the values of the following distances are significantly higher: Ar-Pt (PosteriorSection of Cranial Base), Pt-N (Anterior Section of Cranial Base), N-ANS (AnteriorUpper Facial Height), ANS-Gn (Anterior Lower Facial Height), PNS-N (Posterior UpperFacial Height), 1l-MP (Distance of Incisal Edge of 1L to Palatal Plane), 6u-NF (Distanceof Mesial Cusp of 6u to Palatal Plane), 6l-MP (Distance of Mesial Cusp of 6l toMandibular Plane), ANS-PNS (Maxillary Length), Ar-Go (Ramus Length), Go-Pog(Mandibular Length), B-Pog (distance from point Pog to point B, parallel to mandibularplane) and A-B (Distance of A to B on Occl. Plane); and in girls - only angle OP-HP(Angle of Occl. to Horizontal Plane). More than half of the cephalometric parametersobtained in the boys and girls of Podillia with orthognathic bite have reliable or tendencydifferences with the magnitude of the parameters given by C. J. Burstone, whichconfirms the need to establish their regional standards for correct use in Ukraine.
36
Yun, Hye Sun, Chang Min Hyun, Seong Hyeon Baek, Sang-Hwy Lee, and Jin Keun Seo. "A semi-supervised learning approach for automated 3D cephalometric landmark identification using computed tomography." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 28, 2022): e0275114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275114.
Full textAbstract:
Identification of 3D cephalometric landmarks that serve as proxy to the shape of human skull is the fundamental step in cephalometric analysis. Since manual landmarking from 3D computed tomography (CT) images is a cumbersome task even for the trained experts, automatic 3D landmark detection system is in a great need. Recently, automatic landmarking of 2D cephalograms using deep learning (DL) has achieved great success, but 3D landmarking for more than 80 landmarks has not yet reached a satisfactory level, because of the factors hindering machine learning such as the high dimensionality of the input data and limited amount of training data due to the ethical restrictions on the use of medical data. This paper presents a semi-supervised DL method for 3D landmarking that takes advantage of anonymized landmark dataset with paired CT data being removed. The proposed method first detects a small number of easy-to-find reference landmarks, then uses them to provide a rough estimation of the all landmarks by utilizing the low dimensional representation learned by variational autoencoder (VAE). The anonymized landmark dataset is used for training the VAE. Finally, coarse-to-fine detection is applied to the small bounding box provided by rough estimation, using separate strategies suitable for the mandible and the cranium. For mandibular landmarks, patch-based 3D CNN is applied to the segmented image of the mandible (separated from the maxilla), in order to capture 3D morphological features of mandible associated with the landmarks. We detect 6 landmarks around the condyle all at once rather than one by one, because they are closely related to each other. For cranial landmarks, we again use the VAE-based latent representation for more accurate annotation. In our experiment, the proposed method achieved a mean detection error of 2.88 mm for 90 landmarks using only 15 paired training data.
37
Sfondrini, Maria Francesca, Maurizio Pascadopoli, Serena Dicorato, Claudia Todaro, Maria Gloria Nardi, Simone Gallo, Paola Gandini, and Andrea Scribante. "Bone Modifications Induced by Rapid Maxillary Expander: A Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Pilot Study Comparing Two Different Cephalometric Software Programs." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 4313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094313.
Full textAbstract:
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) allows for more accurate 3D study of the craniofacial region and the development of a very precise treatment plan. The present pilot study aims to evaluate the skeletal outcomes of the rapid maxillary expander (RME) on the sagittal, transverse and vertical planes in growing patients subjected to CBCT at T0 and T1, and to compare the results from two different programs. The effects of the RME are monitored in 11 patients who were subjected to CBCT at T0, before the expansion, and at T1, 6 months after the end of the RME therapy. The results obtained are evaluated using two programs: Simplant and Delta-Dent. All of the analyses were performed by the same operator. Both programs reported statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-expansion values of the parameters on the transverse plane. On the vertical plane, only posterior facial height showed a statistically relevant variation. Both programs underlined a discrepancy between the pre- and post-expansion infraorbital and mental foramina distance values; however, this difference was considered statistically significant by Delta-Dent, and not by Simplant. CBCT is a reliable and effective tool for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Both of the evaluated programs are efficient in tridimensional cephalometric analysis.
38
Gusarov, Artem M. "Development of the Algorithm for 3D Cephalometric Analysis of Planning Surgical Interventions for Congenital and Acquired Defects and Deformities of the Facial Skeleton." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 4778–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr2020190.
Full text
39
Thurzo, Andrej, Helena Svobodová Kosnáčová, Veronika Kurilová, Silvester Kosmeľ, Radoslav Beňuš, Norbert Moravanský, Peter Kováč, Kristína Mikuš Kuracinová, Michal Palkovič, and Ivan Varga. "Use of Advanced Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Medicine, Forensic Anthropology and Clinical Anatomy." Healthcare 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111545.
Full textAbstract:
Three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D CNN) of artificial intelligence (AI) are potent in image processing and recognition using deep learning to perform generative and descriptive tasks. Compared to its predecessor, the advantage of CNN is that it automatically detects the important features without any human supervision. 3D CNN is used to extract features in three dimensions where input is a 3D volume or a sequence of 2D pictures, e.g., slices in a cone-beam computer tomography scan (CBCT). The main aim was to bridge interdisciplinary cooperation between forensic medical experts and deep learning engineers, emphasizing activating clinical forensic experts in the field with possibly basic knowledge of advanced artificial intelligence techniques with interest in its implementation in their efforts to advance forensic research further. This paper introduces a novel workflow of 3D CNN analysis of full-head CBCT scans. Authors explore the current and design customized 3D CNN application methods for particular forensic research in five perspectives: (1) sex determination, (2) biological age estimation, (3) 3D cephalometric landmark annotation, (4) growth vectors prediction, (5) facial soft-tissue estimation from the skull and vice versa. In conclusion, 3D CNN application can be a watershed moment in forensic medicine, leading to unprecedented improvement of forensic analysis workflows based on 3D neural networks.
40
Hassan, Rozita, Wael Ahmed Bayomy Mohamed, Norma Ab. Rahman, Shaifulizan Ab. Rahman, and Norkhafizah Saddki. "Skeletal, Dental, and Soft Tissue Changes after Applying Active Skeletonized Sutural Distractor (ASSD) for Class III Malocclusion Patients." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2022): 1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031233.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Nonsurgical treatment of Class III malocclusion may reduce the chances for orthognathic surgery in the future. This study aimed to determine the post-treatment skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes in the anteroposterior plane applying active skeletonized sutural distractor (ASSD) in late adolescent Class III malocclusion patients. Materials and Methods: After screening 13,500 students from 18 secondary schools, a sample of 26 subjects was recruited for this study, with a mean age of 15(±1.4) years after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ASSD appliances were inserted into patients, and lateral cephalometric x-rays were taken for pre- and post-treatment analysis. Dental casts of the patients were also taken and scanned using a 3D laser scanner for comparisons. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for inter-examiner were 0.87 to 0.99 and 0.96 to 0.99 for lateral cephalometric and dental cast measurements, respectively. The difference in pre- and post-treatment of cephalometric measurements of the mandible showed statistically significant changes for mandibular plane angle (p < 0.001) and SNB angle (p = 0.029). The dental cast measurements showed statistically significant changes of inter-molars width (p < 0.001) as well as palatal (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The results showed statistically significant improvement in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after treatment applying ASSD for Class III malocclusion patients.
41
Liang, Chengke, Shuhao Liu, Qiang Liu, Bin Zhang, and Zengjian Li. "Norms of McNamara’s Cephalometric Analysis on Lateral View of 3D CT Imaging in Adults from Northeast China." Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 23, no. 2 (2014): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.23.249.
Full text
42
van Loon, Bram, Srinivas G. Reddy, Niels van Heerbeek, Koen J. A. O. Ingels, Thomas J. J. Maal, Wilfred A. Borstlap, Rajgopal R. Reddy, Anne-Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman, and Stefaan J. Berge. "3D stereophotogrammetric analysis of lip and nasal symmetry after primary cheiloseptoplasty in complete unilateral cleft lip repair." Rhinology journal 49, no. 5 (December 1, 2011): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino11.092.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate symmetry of the lip and nose in patients with CUCLP after primary cheiloseptoplasty (Afroze technique), in comparison to non-cleft controls. Methodology: In this prospective study, forty-four patients with operated non-syndromic CUCLP were included. The control group consisted of 44 volunteers without cleft defects of approximately the same age and sex. Primary septoplasty was performed in conjunction with the cleft lip (CL) repair using the Afroze incision. 3D facial images were acquired using 3D stereophotogrammetry. After a 3D cephalometric analysis of the lip and nose was performed in both groups, linear and volumetric data were acquired. Lip and nose symmetry were calculated and compared using Student`s t-tests as well as the Chi square test. Results: For all measurements, the control group was up to 36% closer to perfect symmetry compared to the CUCLP group after primary surgery. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: After primary cheiloseptoplasty according to the Afroze technique in patients with CUCLP, asymmetry in the nose and lip area still exists as compared to non-cleft controls. Although non-cleft individuals also show some degree of asymmetry, the results of this study stress the difficulty in obtaining near normal symmetrical relations.
43
van Loon, Bram, Srinivas G. Reddy, Niels van Heerbeek, Koen J. A. O. Ingels, Thomas J. J. Maal, Wilfred A. Borstlap, Rajgopal R. Reddy, Anne-Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman, and Stefaan J. Berge. "3D stereophotogrammetric analysis of lip and nasal symmetry after primary cheiloseptoplasty in complete unilateral cleft lip repair." Rhinology journal 49, no. 5 (December 1, 2011): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino.11.092.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate symmetry of the lip and nose in patients with CUCLP after primary cheiloseptoplasty (Afroze technique), in comparison to non-cleft controls. Methodology: In this prospective study, forty-four patients with operated non-syndromic CUCLP were included. The control group consisted of 44 volunteers without cleft defects of approximately the same age and sex. Primary septoplasty was performed in conjunction with the cleft lip (CL) repair using the Afroze incision. 3D facial images were acquired using 3D stereophotogrammetry. After a 3D cephalometric analysis of the lip and nose was performed in both groups, linear and volumetric data were acquired. Lip and nose symmetry were calculated and compared using Student`s t-tests as well as the Chi square test. Results: For all measurements, the control group was up to 36% closer to perfect symmetry compared to the CUCLP group after primary surgery. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: After primary cheiloseptoplasty according to the Afroze technique in patients with CUCLP, asymmetry in the nose and lip area still exists as compared to non-cleft controls. Although non-cleft individuals also show some degree of asymmetry, the results of this study stress the difficulty in obtaining near normal symmetrical relations.
44
Junqueira, Cintia Helena Zingaretti, Guilherme Janson, Marisa Helena Zingaretti Junqueira, Lucas Marzullo Mendes, Eduardo Esberard Favilla, and Daniela Gamba Garib. "Comparison between full face and hemifacial CBCT cephalograms in clinically symmetrical patients: a pilot study." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 20, no. 2 (April 2015): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2176-9451.20.2.083-089.oar.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: One of the advantages of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the possibility of obtaining images of conventional lateral cephalograms derived from partial or complete reconstruction of facial images. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at comparing full face, right and left hemifacial CBCT cephalograms of orthodontic patients without clinical facial asymmetry. METHODS: The sample comprised nine clinically symmetrical patients who had pretreament full face CBCT. The CBCTs were reconstructed so as to obtain full face, right and left hemifacial cephalograms. Two observers, at two different times, obtained linear and angular measurements for the images using Dolphin 3D software. Dependent and independent t-tests were used to assess the reproducibility of measurements. Analysis of Variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the variables obtained in the CBCT derived cephalometric views. RESULTS: There was good reproducibility for CBCT scans and no statistically significant differences between measurements of full face, right and left hemifacial CBCT scans. CONCLUSIONS: Cephalometric measurements in full face, right and left hemifacial CBCT scans in clinically symmetrical patients are similar.
45
Ravelo, Víctor, Gabriela Olate, Gonzalo Muñoz, Márcio de Moraes, and Sergio Olate. "The Airway Volume Related to the Maxillo-Mandibular Position Using 3D Analysis." BioMed Research International 2021 (June 21, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6670191.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. The aim of this research was to compare three cephalometric analyses and their correlation with the airway volume in subjects with different skeletal classes using 2D and 3D images. Study Design. Cross-sectional descriptive study. Material and Method. Steiner, McNamara, and Ricketts analyses and the airway volume were compared in 115 subjects who were candidates for orthognathic surgery under diagnosis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT); 46 males (40%) and 69 females (60%) were included. The sagittal positions of the maxilla and mandible, the angulation of the mandibular plane, the sagittal positions of the upper and lower incisors, measurements of the largest or shortest airway area, and the volume were compared using Spearman’s test considering a p value < 0.05. Results. Differences were observed between the Steiner and McNamara techniques for the sagittal position of the maxilla ( p = 0.01 ). For mandibular angulation, there was a greater difference between values for Steiner and Ricketts techniques ( p = 0.001 ). In the upper incisor, the results for McNamara and Ricketts techniques were significantly different ( p = 0.004 ). Analysing the airway, subjects with a class II skeletal pattern had a smaller volume than those with a class III pattern ( p = 0.034 ). Conclusion. It may be concluded that skeletal class II patients have a significantly smaller airway volume than class III patients. The skeletal parameter does not always relate to the airway volume; however, the high mandibular angle could be related to the airway conditions.
46
da Costa, Eliana Dantas, Gina Delia Roque-Torres, Danieli Moura Brasil, Frab Noberto Bóscolo, Solange Maria de Almeida, and Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano. "Correlation between the position of hyoid bone and subregions of the pharyngeal airway space in lateral cephalometry and cone beam computed tomography." Angle Orthodontist 87, no. 5 (July 7, 2017): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/022217-133.1.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate the pharyngeal airway subregions with the positioning of the hyoid bone. Material and Methods: The study examined 107 lateral cephalometric (LC) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Linear and volumetric measurements of the pharyngeal subregions were made and correlated to linear measurements using hyoid triangle analysis on images of LC and multiplanar (MPR) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of CBCT. Results: There was significant correlation between linear measurements of the pharyngeal subregions and hyoid bone position in LC images and in MPR and 3D reconstructions of the CBCT. Correlations were more frequent in the oropharynx and hypopharynx, especially for LC images. No correlations were observed between LC images or CBCT reconstructions and the volumetric measurements of the pharyngeal subregions and the position of the hyoid bone. Conclusion: The hyoid bone position showed more correlations with oropharynx and hypopharynx airway measurements. The hyoid triangle method was not applicable to 3D images, since it showed a smaller number of measures correlated to the hyoid bone position.
47
Lagravère, Manuel O., Jillian M. Gordon, Ines H. Guedes, Carlos Flores-Mir, Jason P. Carey, Giseon Heo, and Paul W. Major. "Reliability of Traditional Cephalometric Landmarks as Seen in Three-Dimensional Analysis in Maxillary Expansion Treatments." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 1047–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/010509-10r.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: To evaluate intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability of 3D CBCT-generated landmarks previously used in traditional 2D cephalometry. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four CBCTs NewTom 3G (Aperio Services, Verona, Italy) were randomly selected from patients participating in a clinical trial involving maxillary expansion treatments. The principal investigator located the landmarks five times, and four other investigators located the same landmarks once. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability values were determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). To assist in interpretation of the clinical significance of landmark identification differences, average mean differences for x, y, and z landmark coordinates were determined from the repeated assessments. Landmarks then were separated into groups with respect to the region they represented and then were compared via repeated measures ANOVA and multiple comparisons via Bonferroni corrected α. Results: Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability for x, y, and z coordinates for all landmarks were acceptable, all being greater than 0.80. Most of the mean measurement differences obtained from trials within the principal investigator in all three axes were less than 1.5 mm. Inter-examiner mean measurement differences generally were larger than the intra-examiner differences. Conclusions: Based on this, the best landmarks for use in verifying expansion treatment results are Ekm, buccal surface, and apexes of upper molars, upper premolars and upper canines, and buccal surfaces of lower molars and lower canines. Foramen Spinosum, ELSA, Auditory External Meatus, and Dorsum Foramen Magnum demonstrated adequate reliability for determining a standardized reference system.
48
Touzé, Romain, Yann Heuzé, Matthieu P. Robert, Dominique Brémond-Gignac, Charles-Joris Roux, Syril James, Giovanna Paternoster, Eric Arnaud, and Roman Hossein Khonsari. "Extraocular muscle positions in anterior plagiocephaly: V-pattern strabismus explained using geometric mophometrics." British Journal of Ophthalmology 104, no. 8 (November 6, 2019): 1156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314989.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionOphthalmological involvement in anterior plagiocephaly (AP) due to unicoronal synostosis (UCS) raises management challenges. Two abnormalities of the extraocular muscles (EOM) are commonly reported in UCS without objective quantification: (1) excyclorotation of the eye and (2) malposition of the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle. Here we aimed to assess the positions of the EOM in AP, using geometric morphometrics based on MRI data.Materials and methodsPatient files were listed using Dr WareHouse, a dedicated big data search engine. We included all patients with AP managed between 2013 and 2018, with an available digital preoperative MRI. MRIs from age-matched controls without craniofacial conditions were also included. We defined 13 orbital and skull base landmarks in order to model the 3D position of the EOM. Cephalometric analyses and geometric morphometrics with Procrustes superimposition and principal component analysis were used with the aim of defining specific EOM anomalies in UCS.ResultsWe included 15 preoperative and 7 postoperative MRIs from patients with UCS and 24 MRIs from age-matched controls. Cephalometric analyses, Procrustes superimposition and distance computations showed a significant shape difference for the position of the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle and an excyclorotation of the EOM.ConclusionsOur results confirm that UCS-associated anomalies of the superior oblique muscle function are associated with malposition of its trochlea in the roof of the orbit. This clinical anomaly supports the importance of MRI imaging in the surgical management of strabismus in patients with UCS.
49
Cevidanes, Lucia, Ana E. F. Oliveira, Alexandre Motta, Ceib Phillips, Brandon Burke, and Donald Tyndall. "Head Orientation in CBCT-generated Cephalograms." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/090208-460.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: To determine the reliability of obtaining two-dimensional cephalometric measurements using two virtual head orientations from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) models. Materials and Methods: CBCT scans of 12 patients (6 class II and 6 class III) were randomly selected from a pool of 159 patients. An orthodontist, a dental radiologist, and a third-year dental student independently oriented CBCT three-dimensional (3D) renderings in either visual natural head position (simulated NHP) or 3D intracranial reference planes (3D IRP). Each observer created and digitized four CBCT-generated lateral cephalograms per patient, two using simulated NHP and two using 3D IRP at intervals of at least 3 days. Mixed-effects analysis of variance was used to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and to test the difference between the orientations for each measure. Results: ICC indicated good reliability both within each head orientation and between orientations. Of the 50 measurements, the reliability coefficients were ≥0.9 for 45 measurements obtained with 3D IRP orientation and 36 measurements with simulated NHP. The difference in mean values of the two orientations exceeded 2 mm or 2° for 14 (28%) of the measurements. Conclusions: The reliability of both virtual head orientations was acceptable, although the percentage of measurements with ICC >0.9 was greater for 3D IRP. This may reflect the ease of using the guide planes to position the head in the 3D IRP during the simulation process.
50
Kotsyura, О. О. "REGRESSION MODELS OF INDIVIDUAL LINEAR SIZES OF MOLARS DEPENDING ON THE FEATURES OF CEPHALOMETRIC INDICES IN PRACTICALLY HEALTHY MEN OF THE WESTERN AND EASTERN REGIONS OF UKRAINE." Reports of Morphology 24, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2018-24(1)-09.
Full textAbstract:
Restoration of missing teeth should be done as close as possible to the natural anatomical features of the person's tooth-jaw apparatus. That is why the problem of aesthetics in dentistry has ceased to be only orthopedic and has shifted towards a constitutional and ethnic odontology. The purpose of the study is to construct and carry out analyzes obtained by regression analysis, models of computed-tomographic size of molars, depending on the features of cephalometric indices of practically healthy men of the Western and Eastern regions of Ukraine. A computed-tomographic study of molars with the following odontometry and cephalometry of 36 practically healthy men of the Western region of Ukraine – residents of Volyn, Rivne, Lviv, Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Transcarpathian and Ivano-Frankivsk regions and 35 men of the Eastern region of Ukraine - residents of Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk regions was performed with the help of the Dental Cone-ray Tomography Veraviewepocs-3D (Morita, Japan). Regression models of linear sizes of molars, depending on cephalometric indices, were conducted using the statistical software package Statistica 6.1. As a result of the conducted research, reliable models of computed-tomographic size of the upper and lower jaws molars were constructed in practically healthy men of the Western [7 models of mesio-distal dimensions (R2 = 0.532-0.646), most of which include sagittal arc (12.5%), outer-eye width, nose depth, distance between nasion and inter-cutter point, body length of the lower jaw on the left, largest head circumference and maximum head length (by 7.5%); 6 models of vestibular-tongue dimensions (R2 = 0.527-0.646), which most often include nasal depth (20.0%), body length of the lower jaw to the left (16.0%), physiological face length and morphological face length (by 12.0%); 1 model of crown height (R2 = 0.579)] as well as Eastern [3 models of crown height (R2 = 0.538-0.682), which most often include nose depth (15.0%), face type, physiological face length, morphological face length, smallest width head and sagittal arc (by 10.0%); 2 models of mesio-distal sizes (R2 = 0.572 and 0.556), which most often include inter eye fossa width (15.4%)] regions of Ukraine. Thus, in practically healthy men from the Western and Eastern administrative-territorial regions of Ukraine, based on the specifics of cephalometric indicators and face type, reliable regression models (with determination coefficient R2 greater than 0.5) of computed-tomographic size of molars of the upper and lower jaws (out of 40 possible 14 for the western and 5 for the eastern regions of Ukraine).