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1
Ditschun, Scott, Nader Soltani, Darren E. Robinson, François J. Tardif, Allan C. Kaastra, and Peter H. Sikkema. "Control of glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.] with isoxaflutole and metribuzin tank mix." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 96, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2015-0121.
Abstract:
The future release of ‘Balance GT’ soybean, which is resistant to isoxaflutole and glyphosate, opens up the possibility for control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane using HPPD-inhibiting herbicides (Group 27) in soybean. Field trials were conducted over two years to evaluate the dose response of an isoxaflutole plus metribuzin tank mix, as well as each chemical applied alone, to assess their response using Flint's adaptation of Colby's equation. Factorial experiments were performed in growth room and greenhouse environments to assess isoxaflutole versus glyphosate, isoxaflutole versus metribuzin, and isoxaflutole plus metribuzin versus glyphosate. Tank mixes of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin in a 1:4 ratio provided 80% control of GR Canada fleabane at a dose range between 420 (84 + 336) and 611 (122 + 489) g a.i. ha−1 at 8 WAA (weeks after application). Tank mixes achieved an 80% reduction in biomass at a dose range between 498 and 738 g a.i. ha−1, while 80% reduction in density was obtained with doses from 96 to 423 g a.i. ha−1, 8 WAA. With glyphosate as a constant tank partner, field treatments of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin were mostly synergistic with some analyses showing an additive response. When tested in the growth room, isoxaflutole plus glyphosate tank mixes indicate additivity in the majority of treatments on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) fleabane.
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Schroter, Sara, Amy Price, Mario Malički, Tessa Richards, and Mike Clarke. "Frequency and format of clinical trial results dissemination to patients: a survey of authors of trials indexed in PubMed." BMJ Open 9, no. 10 (October 2019): e032701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032701.
Abstract:
ObjectiveDissemination of research findings is central to research integrity and promoting discussion of new knowledge and its potential for translation into practice and policy. We investigated the frequency and format of dissemination to trial participants and patient groups.DesignSurvey of authors of clinical trials indexed in PubMed in 2014–2015.ResultsQuestionnaire emailed to 19 321 authors; 3127 responses received (16%). Of these 3127 trials, 2690 had human participants and 1818 enrolled individual patients. Among the 1818, 498 authors (27%) reported having disseminated results to participants, 238 (13%) planned to do so, 600 (33%) did not plan to, 176 (10%) were unsure and 306 (17%) indicated ‘other’ or did not answer. Of the 498 authors who had disseminated, 198 (40%) shared academic reports, 252 (51%) shared lay reports, 111 (22%) shared both and 164 (33%) provided individualised study results. Of the 1818 trials, 577 authors (32%) shared/planned to share results with patients outside their trial by direct contact with charities/patient groups, 401 (22%) via patient communities, 845 (46%) via presentations at conferences with patient representation, 494 (27%) via mainstream media and 708 (39%) by online lay summaries. Relatively few of the 1818 authors reported dissemination was suggested by institutional bodies: 314 (17%) of funders reportedly suggested dissemination to trial participants, 252 (14%) to patient groups; 333 (18%) of ethical review boards reportedly suggested dissemination to trial participants, 148 (8%) to patient groups. Authors described many barriers to dissemination.ConclusionFewer than half the respondents had disseminated to participants (or planned to) and only half of those who had disseminated shared lay reports. Motivation to disseminate results to participants appears to arise within research teams rather than being incentivised by institutional bodies. Multiple factors need to be considered and various steps taken to facilitate wide dissemination of research to participants.
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Zhang, Chuhang. "Fabricating Dispersed Fine Silver Nanoparticles on Liquid Substrate for Improved Photocatalytic Water Splitting Efficiency." Catalysts 13, no. 6 (May 28, 2023): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13060946.
Abstract:
Dispersed silver nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized on a silicone oil substrate under varied substrate temperature T by thermal vaporization method. Scanning electron microscopic investigation demonstrates that the mean size of the NPs are around 7.8 nm with a standard deviation of 1.0 nm. The NPs are transferred to a strontium titanate (STO) crystal as co-catalyst for water splitting efficiency test. The photoelectrochmical (PEC) measurement reveals the photocatalytic activity of NP co-catalyst sensitively relies on T during deposition process: the relative current density jr increases from 4.8 μA/cm2 to 25.4 μA/cm2 as T goes up from 253 K to 333 K. However, a slight decrease of jr from 25.4 μA/cm2 to 22.8 μA/cm2 is found as T further increases to 353 K. The dependent behavior of jr on T is explained in term of a competition mechanism between microstructure evolution and growth model of the NPs under different T: for T ranging from 253 K to 333 K, the effect of a higher crystalline structure for NPs fabricated under higher T improves the electron transfer rate from STO to NPs is dominant. As T increases to 353 K, the overlapping of NPs become a factor for photocatalytic activity of NP/STO system: the diffusion distance of electrons becomes larger and the apparent contact area between NPs and STO is reduced which in turn reduce the photocatalytic activity of NP/STO. The experimental method to synthesize NPs in this report may open up a way to further apply fine NPs in enhancing photocatalytic water splitting efficiency.
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Demetrio, D., A. Magalhaes, M. Oliveira, R. Santos, and R. Chebel. "11 Invivo-derived embryo pregnancy rates at Maddox Dairy from 2008 to 2018." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 2 (2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv32n2ab11.
Abstract:
Maddox Dairy, located in Riverdale, CA, USA, is a Holstein herd that milks 3500 cows with a 305-day mature-equivalent milk production of 12 800 kg, and they have been producing high genetic animals by embryo transfer (ET) since the early 1980s. Invivo-derived embryos from Holstein donors were transferred fresh (grade 1 or 2) or frozen (grade 1), at morula (4), early blastocyst (5), or blastocyst (6) stage, to virgin heifers (VH, natural oestrus, 13-15 months old) or lactating cows (LC, Presynch-Ovsynch, 86 days in milk, first or second lactation) 6 to 9 days after oestrus. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by transrectal ultrasonography at 32-46 days in VH and by the IDEXX PAG test at 30 days in LC. June, July, August, September, and October were called critical months (first service AI conception rate drops below 44%) and compared with the other months. The data from 32 503 ETs between January 2008 and December 2018 are summarised on Table 1. Pregnancy rates (PR) are lower for LC recipients than for VH. Embryo transfers performed 7 or 8 days after oestrus had higher PR in both types of recipients and embryos, but Day 6 and 9 oestrus are also used with fair results. The season does not seem to affect PR. There is not enough difference in the combination of stage and days from oestrus for invivo-derived embryos. These numbers do not belong to a planned experiment. Several management changes during the years were made, which make it very difficult to apply statistical methods to analyse the data correctly. They are used as a tool to make decisions in an attempt to improve future results. Table 1.Pregnancy rate (PR) of virgin heifers (top) and lactating cows (bottom)-fresh (SH) and frozen (OZ) invivo-derived embryo transfer1 Heat-months SH-ST4 SH-ST5 SH-ST6 SH-All OZ-ST4 OZ-ST5 OZ-ST6 OZ-All PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n Heifers 6 d-CM 62 934 66 243 68 69 63 1246 56 473 58 219 62 42 57 734 6 d-OM 62 1623 67 489 69 211 64 2323 56 600 55 296 48 137 55 1033 6 d-T 62 2557 67 732 69 280 63 3569 56 1073 57 515 51 179 56 1767 7 d-CM 64 1506 68 495 67 221 65 2222 60 822 62 340 63 156 61 1318 7 d-OM 66 2723 68 1021 69 510 67 4254 57 1120 59 581 57 231 58 1932 7 d-T 66 4229 68 1516 69 731 67 6476 58 1942 60 921 60 387 59 3250 8 d-CM 65 1348 64 518 67 322 65 2188 59 595 64 258 63 108 61 961 8 d-OM 66 2166 68 886 70 510 67 3562 61 770 60 364 51 130 60 1264 8 d-T 66 3514 67 1404 69 832 66 5750 60 1365 62 622 56 238 60 2225 9 d-CM 60 109 56 43 70 20 60 172 60 5 33 6 50 4 47 15 9 d-OM 58 129 63 57 60 40 60 226 63 16 50 18 75 4 58 38 9 d-T 59 238 60 100 63 60 60 398 62 21 46 24 63 8 55 53 All-CM 64 3897 66 1299 67 632 65 5828 58 1895 61 823 63 310 60 3028 All-OM 65 6641 67 2453 69 1271 66 10 365 58 2506 58 1259 53 502 58 4267 All-T 65 10 538 67 3752 69 1903 66 16 193 58 4401 60 2082 57 812 59 7295 Lactating cows 6 d-CM 54 265 48 86 50 12 53 363 38 141 31 77 50 10 36 228 6 d-OM 49 463 52 203 45 56 50 723 46 101 48 54 59 27 48 182 6 d-T 51 728 51 289 46 68 51 1086 41 242 38 131 57 37 42 410 7 d-CM 54 755 59 274 56 103 55 1137 43 928 48 450 43 192 45 1570 7 d-OM 55 914 66 367 54 109 58 1393 46 1052 45 564 47 353 46 1969 7 d-T 55 1669 63 641 55 212 57 2530 45 1980 46 1014 46 545 45 3539 8 d-CM 63 252 68 82 76 33 65 368 48 219 56 80 42 33 50 332 8 d-OM 61 257 64 161 53 47 61 466 50 191 53 77 56 16 51 284 8 d-T 62 509 65 243 63 80 63 834 49 410 55 157 47 49 50 616 All-CM 56 1272 58 442 60 148 57 1868 44 1288 47 607 43 235 45 2130 All-OM 55 1634 62 731 51 212 56 2582 47 1344 46 695 48 396 47 2435 All-T 55 2906 60 1173 55 360 57 4450 45 2632 47 1302 46 631 46 4565 1ST=stage; CM=critical months (June, July, August, September, and October); OM=other months.
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Pinderhughes, Dianne. "DISGUST, VISIBLE VENERATION, AND ROSA PARKS: African American Visions of a Democratic America." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 2, no. 2 (September 2005): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x05050228.
Abstract:
Melissa Victoria Harris-Lacewell, Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004, 336 pages, ISBN: 0-691-11405-6, Cloth, $37.95.Barbara Ransby, Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement: A Radical Democratic Vision. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2003, 496 pages, ISBN: 0-8078-2778-9, Cloth, $34.95, ISBN: 0-8078-5616-9, Paper, $19.95.Ange-Marie Hancock, The Politics of Disgust: The Public Identity of the Welfare Queen. New York: New York University Press, 2004, 210 pages, ISBN: 0-814-736-580, Cloth, $60.00, ISBN: 0-814-736-70X, Paper, $20.00.
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Maharani, Puspita Laksmi, Prijanto Pamoengkas, and Irdika Mansur. "PEMANFAATAN POME SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK PADA LAHAN PASCATAMBANG BATUBARA The Application of POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) as Organic Fertilizer for Ex-Coal Mine Soil." Journal of Tropical Silviculture 8, no. 3 (March 19, 2018): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.8.3.177-182.
Abstract:
Processing of palm oil generates enormous quantities of wastewater commonly called palm oil mill effluent (POME). The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of POME as organic fertilizer on Melaleuca cajuputi seedling. The research was conducted at PT. Bukit Asam from November 2016 until March 2017. POME used was from PT. Bumi Sawindo Permai at Tanjung Enim, South Sumatera. POME from Fat pit, cooling pond, anaerob pond and maturity pond were applied to seedlings at nursery with different concentrations of POME Fat pit (625, 417, and 208 mL), Cooling pond (695, 463, dan 232 mL), Anaerob pond (738, 492, dan 246 mL), and Maturity pond (968, 645, dan 323 mL). The result showed that POME from Anaerob pond 246 mL increased the growth of M. cajuputi with plant high 47.35 cm and stem diameter 5.57 mm and total dry weight of CM (Calopogonium mucunoides) was 26.83 g.Key words: ex-coal mine soil, Melaleuca cajuputi, POME
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Prynne, CJ, AA Paul, GM Price, KC Day, WS Hilder, and MEJ Wadsworth. "Food and nutrient intake of a national sample of 4-year-old children in 1950: comparison with the 1990s." Public Health Nutrition 2, no. 4 (April 1999): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980099000725.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the food and nutrient intake of members of a birth cohort study when young children in 1950 and investigate differences from present-day children's diets.Design:One-day recall diet records from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) (1946 Birth Cohort) at age 4 years were analysed for energy and selected nutrients and compared to the published results for 4-year-olds in the 1992/93 National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS).Setting:England, Scotland and Wales in 1950 and 1992/93.Subjects:4599 children in 1950 and 493 children in 1992/93.Results:Mean (SD) daily intakes in 1950 were energy 1445 (343) kcal, or 6.1 (1.4) MJ, protein 46 (11)g, fat 64 (20)g, starch 117 (33)g, sugar 62 (24)g, unavailable carbohydrate 13 (4)g, calcium 736 (230)mg, iron 7.7 (2.1)mg, retinol 738 (1273) μg, carotene 1049 (1130) μg and vitamin C 40 (26) mg. Compared to 1992/93, the 1950 diet contained substantially more bread and vegetables and less sugar and soft drinks, giving it a higher starch and fibre content and making it more in line with current recommendations on healthy eating. However, fat provided 40% of energy in 1950, compared to 35% in 1992/93. In 1950, red meat was an important source of iron, but by 1992 most iron came from fortified breakfast cereals. Vitamin C came mainly from vegetables in 1950, but from soft drinks in 1992.Conclusions:The relative austerity of post-war food supplies resulted in food and nutrient intakes in 1950 which in many respects may well have been beneficial to the health of young children, despite fat intake being higher than present-day recommendations.
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Bateman, Francis, Oluwatobi Arisa, Natalia Corvalan Cabanas, Yi Zeng, Cody Peer, Keith Schmidt, and William Douglas Figg. "Abstract 7184: Simulating extended dosing intervals for atezolizumab: A comparative analysis between NONMEM and Pumas." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 7184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7184.
Abstract:
Abstract The initially approved dosage regimens of 840 mg every 2 weeks, 1200 mg every 3 weeks, and 1680 mg every 4 weeks are considered excessive concerning the specified minimum effective concentration of 6 ug/mL and the significant exposure-response relationship with Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI). Our previous research, demonstrated through simulation, indicated that an extended-interval dosing regimen (840 mg every 6 weeks) after two standard loading doses maintained efficacy with a nonsignificant exposure-response relationship with AESI.In alignment with the FDA's initiative "Project Optimus," which aims to optimize drug dosing for improved therapeutic outcomes, we explore alternative dosage regimens for atezolizumab. Through a comparison of the traditional 30-year-old industry standard NONMEM software and the recently developed PumasAI software, we simulate these regimens, utilizing our previously published article as a benchmark. Given the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, it is crucial for pharmacokinetic modeling to adapt and leverage these advancements. We anticipate that this paper will contribute to the integration of AI and machine learning software in pharmacokinetic analysis, aligning with the goals of "Project Optimus" to ensure that drug concentrations are optimized for efficacy and safety. Table 1: Comparative Summary of Simulated Pharmacokinetic Parameters: Pumas vs. NONMEM Pumas NONMEM Regimen Cycle Week Cmax (ug/mL) Cmax (ug/mL) Cmax (ug/mL) Cmax (ug/mL) Cmin (ug/mL) Weekly AUC (ug*day/mL) 1200 mg q3w 1st 3 384(278-533) 64.1(31.4-112) 919(640-1290) 394 (278-559) 75.6 (44.5-121) 1003 (755-1342) 7th 21 541(371-795) 146(53.8-349) 1750(977-3210) 583 (414-847) 180 (75.9-396) 2014 (1169-3535) 840 mg q2w x2, 840 mg q6w 1st 2 270(195-379) 61.6(35.5-100) 775(570-1085) 275 (184-397) 71.2 (46.4-108) 834 (620-1131) 7th 38 314(221-448) 33.6(8.8-127) 650(357-1375) 336 (235-487) 46.9 (13.5-150) 774 (441-1562) 1200 mg q3w x2, 840 mg q6w 1st 3 384(278-533) 64.1(31.4-112) 919(640-1290) 394 (278-559) 75.6 (44.5-121) 1003(755-1342) 7th 39 316(224-459) 36.0(8.4-129) 670(340-1406) 327 (217-492) 46.6 (13.4-157) 763 (411-1594) 1680 mg q4w x2, 840 mg q6w 1st 4 545(380-779) 63.1(26.9-122) 1096(735-1555) 552 (375-793) 78.1 (40.7-135) 1203(869-1651) 7th 40 318(222-469) 33.9(7.7-126) 657(343-1385) 332 (227-491) 46.5 (13.6-140) 771 (436-1464) Citation Format: Francis Bateman, Oluwatobi Arisa, Natalia Corvalan Cabanas, Yi Zeng, Cody Peer, Keith Schmidt, William Douglas Figg. Simulating extended dosing intervals for atezolizumab: A comparative analysis between NONMEM and Pumas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7184.
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Zanaboni, Paolo, Per Egil Kummervold, Tove Sørensen, and Monika Alise Johansen. "Patient Use and Experience With Online Access to Electronic Health Records in Norway: Results From an Online Survey." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): e16144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16144.
Abstract:
Background The electronic health record (EHR) has been fully established in all Norwegian hospitals. Patient-accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) are available to citizens aged 16 years and older through the national health portal Helsenorge. Objective This study aimed at understanding how patients use PAEHRs. Three research questions were addressed in order to explore (1) characteristics of users, (2) patients’ use of the service, and (3) patient experience with the service. Methods We conducted an online survey of users who had accessed their EHR online at least once through the national health portal. Patients from two of the four health regions in Norway were invited to participate. Quantitative data were supplemented by qualitative information. Results A total of 1037 respondents participated in the survey, most of whom used the PAEHR regularly (305/1037, 29.4%) or when necessary (303/1037, 29.2%). Service utilization was associated with self-reported health, age, gender, education, and health care professional background. Patients found the service useful to look up health information (687/778, 88.3%), keep track of their treatment (684/778, 87.9%), prepare for a hospital appointment (498/778, 64.0%), and share documents with their general practitioner (292/778, 37.5%) or family (194/778, 24.9%). Most users found it easy to access their EHR online (965/1037, 93.1%) and did not encounter technical challenges. The vast majority of respondents (643/755, 85.2%) understood the content, despite over half of them acknowledging some difficulties with medical terms or phrases. The overall satisfaction with the service was very high (700/755, 92.7%). Clinical advantages to the patients included enhanced knowledge of their health condition (565/691, 81.8%), easier control over their health status (685/740, 92.6%), better self-care (571/653, 87.4%), greater empowerment (493/674, 73.1%), easier communication with health care providers (493/618, 79.8%), and increased security (655/730, 89.7%). Patients with complex, long-term or chronic conditions seemed to benefit the most. PAEHRs were described as useful, informative, effective, helpful, easy, practical, and safe. Conclusions PAEHRs in Norway are becoming a mature service and are perceived as useful by patients. Future studies should include experimental designs focused on specific populations or chronic conditions that are more likely to achieve clinically meaningful benefits. Continuous evaluation programs should be conducted to assess implementation and changes of wide-scale routine services over time.
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Senturk, V., M. Abas, M. Dewey, O. Berksun, and R. Stewart. "Antenatal depressive symptoms as a predictor of deterioration in perceived social support across the perinatal period: a four-wave cohort study in Turkey." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 4 (November 22, 2016): 766–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716002865.
Abstract:
BackgroundIn a perinatal cohort of women in urban and rural Turkey, we investigated associations between antenatal depressive symptoms and subsequent changes in perceived quality of key family relationships.MethodOf 730 women recruited in their third trimester (94.6% participation), 578 (79.2%) were reassessed at a mean of 4.1 (s.d. = 3.3) months after childbirth, 488 (66.8%) were reassessed at 13.7 (s.d. = 2.9) months, and 448 (61.4%) at 20.8 (s.d. = 2.7) months. At all four examinations, self-reported quality of relationship with the husband, mother and mother-in-law was ascertained using the Close Persons Questionnaire with respect to emotional support, practical support and negative aspects of the relationship. Antenatal depressive symptoms were defined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. A range of covariates in mixed models was considered including age, education, number of children, family structure, physical health, past emotional problems and stressful life events.ResultsKey findings were as follows: (i) reported emotional and practical support from all three relationships declined over time in the cohort overall; (ii) reported emotional support from the husband, and emotional and practical support from the mother-in-law, declined more strongly in women with antenatal depressive symptoms; (iii) associations between depressive symptoms and worsening spouse relationship were more pronounced in traditional compared with nuclear families.ConclusionsAntenatal depressive symptoms predicted marked decline in the quality of key relationships over the postnatal period. This may account for some of the contemporaneous associations between depression and worse social support, and may compound the risk of perinatal depression in subsequent pregnancies.
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Yokoi, Katsuhiko, Aki Konomi, and Miki Otagi. "Iron bioavailability of cocoa powder as determined by the Hb regeneration efficiency method." British Journal of Nutrition 102, no. 2 (December 23, 2008): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508149182.
Abstract:
Fe deficiency is a public-health problem worldwide, and effective measures for preventing Fe deficiency are needed. The aim of the present study was to determine the bioavailability of Fe in cocoa using the Hb regeneration efficiency (HRE) method. Thirty-five F344/N male weanling rats were fed a low-Fe diet for 4 weeks to deplete body Fe stores. Then, four groups of seven animals each were repleted for 20 d using a modified AIN-93G diet fortified with ferrous sulphate, ferric citrate or two brands of cocoa powder to provide a total dietary Fe concentration of 20 mg/kg. As a negative control, seven rats were maintained on the low-Fe diet. The HRE were 0·733, 0·350, 0·357 and 0·336 for ferrous sulphate, ferric citrate and the two brands of cocoa powder, respectively. The relative biological values (RBV), defined as the ratio of the sample HRE to that of ferrous sulphate, were 0·478, 0·488 and 0·459 for ferric citrate and the two brands of cocoa powder, respectively. The Fe bioavailability of cocoa was significantly less than that of ferrous sulphate and was similar to that of ferric citrate. The difference in Fe bioavailability between the two brands of cocoa powder was negligible. When the negative control was used to correct the data, estimates of the RBV derived from Hb gain were similar to those derived from the HRE. These results suggest that cocoa is a significant source of moderately bioavailable Fe.
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Kavčič, Marko, Aida Zečkanović, Janez Jazbec, and Marusa Debeljak. "Association of CEP72 rs924607 TT Genotype with Vincristine-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Measured by Motor Nerve Conduction Studies." Klinische Pädiatrie 232, no. 06 (September 2, 2020): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1213-5995.
Abstract:
IntroductionVincristine is at the core of many treatment protocols for childhood malignancies. The major dose-limiting side effect is vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) which may cause morbidity and disrupt curative treatment. Several studies have tried to identify pharmacogenetic biomarkers for susceptibility to vincristine-induced toxicity (Egbelakin A et al., Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 56: 361–367. Aplenc R et al., Br J Haematol 2003; 122: 240–244. Diouf B et al., JAMA 2015; 313: 815–823. Zgheib NK et al., Pharmacogenet Genomics, 2018; 28: 189–195. Gutierrez-Camino A et al., Pharmacogenet Genomics 2016; 26: 100–102. Wright GE et al., Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 105: 402–410. Kayilioğlu H et al., J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017; 39(6): 458–462). A major limitation of these studies is that VIPN is difficult to measure objectively using only clinical examination and clinical scales. This is especially true for children, who are often unable to report or grade symptoms such as paresthesia, numbness, and pain. Furthermore, some studies are questioning the validity of currently available neuropathy grading scales (Postma TJ et al., Ann Oncol 1998; 9: 739–744). Our group recently showed that electrophysiological studies can be used with great accuracy for early detection of VIPN (Kavcic M et al., J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017; 39: 266–271). In the previous study, we found that VIPN presents with primary axonal involvement and is more pronounced on motor neurons (Kavcic M et al., J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017; 39: 266–271).
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Spilsbury, Sean, Piotr Wilk, Carolyn Taylor, Harry Prapavessis, and Marc Mitchell. "Reduction of Financial Health Incentives and Changes in Physical Activity." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 11 (November 8, 2023): e2342663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.42663.
Abstract:
ImportanceGovernments and others continue to use financial incentives to influence citizen health behaviors like physical activity. However, when delivered on a population scale they can be prohibitively costly, suggesting more sustainable models are needed.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association of incomplete financial incentive withdrawal (“schedule thinning”) with physical activity after more than a year of incentive intervention and to explore whether participant characteristics (eg, app engagement and physical activity) are associated with withdrawal outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case-control study with a pre-post quasi-experimental design included users of a government-funded health app focused on financial incentives. Eligible participants were residents in 3 Canadian provinces over 25 weeks in 2018 and 2019. Data were analyzed from July 2021 to December 2022.ExposureDue to fiscal constraints, financial incentives for daily physical activity goals were withdrawn in Ontario in December 2018 (case)—representing a 90% reduction in incentive earnings—but not in British Columbia or Newfoundland and Labrador (controls).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was objectively assessed weekly mean daily step count. Linear regression models were used to compare pre-post changes in daily step counts between provinces (a difference-in-differences approach). Separate models were developed to examine factors associated with changes in daily step count (eg, app engagement and physical activity). Clinically meaningful initial effect sizes were previously reported (approximately 900 steps/d overall and 1800 steps/d among the physically inactive).ResultsIn total there were 584 760 study participants (mean [SD] age, 34.3 [15.5] years; 220 388 women [63.5%]), including 438 731 from Ontario, 124 101 from British Columbia, and 21 928 from Newfoundland and Labrador. Significant physical activity declines were observed when comparing pre-post changes in Ontario to British Columbia (−198 steps/d; 95% CI, −224 to −172 steps/d) and Newfoundland and Labrador (−274 steps/d; 95% CI, −323 to −225 steps/d). The decrease was most pronounced for highly engaged Ontario users (−328 steps/d; 95% CI, −343 to −313 steps/d). Among physically inactive Ontario users, physical activity did not decline following withdrawal (107 steps/d; 95% CI, 90 to 124 steps/d).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this case-control study of incomplete financial incentive withdrawal, statistically significant daily step count reductions were observed in Ontario; however, these declines were modest and not clinically meaningful. Amidst substantial program savings, the physical activity reductions observed here may be acceptable to decision-makers working within finite budgets.
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Felix, Joel, Steven A. Fennimore, and John S. Rachuy. "Response of Alfalfa, Green Onion, Dry Bulb Onion, Sugar Beet, Head Lettuce, and Carrot to Imazosulfuron Soil Residues 2 Years after Application." Weed Technology 26, no. 4 (December 2012): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00011.1.
Abstract:
Field studies were conducted from 2009 to 2011 in Oregon and from 2006 to 2008 in California to evaluate the response of various crops to imazosulfuron soil residues 91 to 731 d after application (DAA). Imazosulfuron rates applied in Oregon were 224 or 450 g ai ha−1PRE, sequential 224 g ha−1PRE and POST, or 450 g ha−1as a tank mixture with PRE appliedS-metolachlor at 1,060 g ai ha−1followed by 224 g ha−1POST to potato. Imazosulfuron was applied on bare ground PRE at 224, 336, and 450 g ha−1and applied sequentially at 450 g ha−1in California. Sugar beet planted 91 to 364 and 458 to 731 DAA were injured 83 to 94% and 54 to 78% among imazosulfuron rates and application timing in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Alfalfa planted 701 DAA at rates greater than 224 g ha−1was injured, and the forage yield was reduced. Onion, spinach, carrot, and broccoli were also injured by imazosulfuron residues when planted 91 to 731 DAA, regardless of the rate or interval before planting. Imazosulfuron applied at 224 to 450 g ha−1458 to 731 d before planting head lettuce resulted in moderate injury that did not reduce fresh-weight yield. The results indicated that imazosulfuron residues in the soil have the potential to injure many rotational specialty crops for 2 yr or more in soils with pH > 6.9.
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Shouzu, Akira, Seitaro Omoto, Takashi Hayakawa, Hideo Kagawa, Mitsushige Nishikawa, Mitsuo Inada, Yoshihiro Fujimura, Yasuo Ikeda, Shirou Fukuhara, and Shosaku Nomura. "Effect of Cilostazol on Soluble Adhesion Molecules and Platelet-derived Microparticles in Patients with Diabetes." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 80, no. 09 (1998): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615217.
Abstract:
SummaryWe evaluated the plasma concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules and platelet-derived microparticles (PMP) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and studied the effect of cilostazol on PMP generation. There were differences in the levels of soluble adhesion molecules between NIDDM patients (N = 43) and the control subjects (N = 30) (soluble thrombomodulin: 11.5 ± 5.3 vs. 7.0 ± 1.2 TU/ml, p<0.0001; soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1: 708 ± 203 vs. 492 ± 113 ng/dl, p<0.0001; soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecules-1: 274 ± 65 vs. 206 ± 48 ng/dl, p<0.0001; soluble P-selectin: 194 ± 85 vs. 125 ± 43 ng/dl, p<0.0001). There were also differences in the levels of PMP and platelet activation markers between NIDDM patients and the controls (PMP: 943 ± 504 vs. 488 ± 219/10 4 plt, p<0.0001; platelet CD62P: 9.2 ± 4.6 vs. 4.4 ± 4.3%, p<0.001; platelet CD63: 10.2 ± 4.5 vs. 4.5 ± 3.3%, p<0.0001; platelet annexin V: 9.1 ± 3.9 vs. 5.3 ± 3.8%, p<0.001). To study the release of PMP into plasma, a modified cone-and-plate viscometer was used. Increased release of PMP from platelets was observed in diabetic plasma compared to normal plasma under high shear stress conditions (2,672 ± 645 vs. 1,498 ± 386/104 plt, p<0.05). Therefore, one cause of PMP elevation in NIDDM may be high shear stress. The levels of PMP, activated platelets, and soluble adhesion molecules all decreased significantly after treatment with cilostazol. These results suggest that cilostazol may be useful for the inhibition of both PMP-dependent and -independent vascular damage in NIDDM.
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Kang, Jung Hun, Se Hoon Park, Su Jin Lee, Jun Ho Ji, Soon Il Lee, Sung Yong Oh, In Gyu Hwang, and Haa-na Song. "Natural history of untreated patients who had metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC) with good performance status (PS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2014): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.362.
Abstract:
362 Background: Although chemotherapy is widely recommended to the patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer, the natural course of those group, especially with good PS who are indicated for chemotherapy was rarely known. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed metastatic or distant relapsed BTC patients seen between January 2005 and August 2011 at four cancer centers. Patients were eligible if they had good PS (ECOG 0-2), no history of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or any treatment for cancer. Results: A total of 1302 patient cohort was identified for metastatic or distantly relapsed BTC and 959 patients were categorized for non-treatment group, 343 patients for treatment group. Of 959 patients, 131 patients were eligible for inclusion criteria and 737 patients were excluded for referral to other hospitals or lost followup, 89 patients for poor PS. The patient demographics were median age of 71 (range:39-89) and male predominant (n=81, 61.8%). Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n=55, 42.0%) was the most common site of eligible BTC followed by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n=42,32.1%). Median overall survival was 6.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI];4.9-7.1 months). Univariate analysis showed significant difference of survival depending on the serum level of CA19-9 (CA19-9≥100; 8.2 months vs CA19-9<100;4.4 months, log-rank p-value<0.001). Another potential prognostic factors including age, sex, PS, leucocytosis, serum albumin, CEA level and bile drainage did not have statistical difference in survival. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated 19-9 level was an independent poor prognostic factor(p<0.001, odd ratio, 2.8; 95% CI;1.8-4.8). Conclusions: Metastatic BTC patients with good PS had modest survival. However, patients with normal CA19-9 level showed favorable survival. Further studies comparing chemotherapeutic effect with best supportive care in those group are warranted.
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Hegerty, Christopher, and Remo Ostini. "Benefits and harms associated with an increase in gestational diabetes diagnosis in Queensland, Australia: a retrospective cohort comparison of diagnosis rates, outcomes, interventions and medication use for two periods, 2011–2013 and 2016–2018, using a large perinatal database." BMJ Open 13, no. 5 (May 2023): e069849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069849.
Abstract:
ObjectivesTo assess benefits and harms arising from increasing gestational diabetes (GDM) diagnosis, including for women with normal-sized babies.Design, setting and participantsDiagnosis rates, outcomes, interventions and medication use are compared in a retrospective cohort study of 229 757 women birthing in public hospitals of the Australian State of Queensland during two periods, 2011–2013 and 2016–2018, using data from the Queensland Perinatal Data Collection.Outcome measuresComparisons include hypertensive disorders, caesarean section, shoulder dystocia and associated harm, induction of labour (IOL), planned birth (PB), early planned birth <39 weeks (EPB), spontaneous labour onset with vaginal birth (SLVB) and medication use.ResultsGDM diagnosis increased from 7.8% to 14.3%. There was no improvement in shoulder dystocia associated injuries, hypertensive disorders or caesarean sections. There was an increase in IOL (21.8%–30.0%; p<0.001), PB (36.3% to 46.0%; p<0.001) and EPB (13.5%–20.6%; p<0.001), and a decrease in SLVB (56.0%–47.3%; p<0.001). Women with GDM experienced an increase in IOL (40.9%–49.8%; p<0.001), PB (62.9% to 71.8%; p<0.001) and EPB (35.3%–45.7%; p<0.001), and a decrease in SLVB (30.01%–23.6%; p<0.001), with similar changes for mothers with normal-sized babies. Of women prescribed insulin in 2016–2018, 60.4% experienced IOL, 88.5% PB, 76.4% EPB and 8.0% SLVB. Medication use increased from 41.2% to 49.4% in women with GDM, from 3.2% to 7.1% in the antenatal population overall, from 3.3% to 7.5% in women with normal-sized babies and from 2.21% to 4.38% with babies less than the 10th percentile.ConclusionOutcomes were not apparently improved with increased GDM diagnosis. The merits of increased IOL or decreased SLVB depend on the views of individual women, but categorising more pregnancies as abnormal, and exposing more babies to the potential effects of early birth, medication effects and growth limitation may be harmful.
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Fung, Andrea S., Richard M. Lee-Ying, Daniel E. Meyers, Hao-Wen Sim, Jennifer J. Knox, Valeriya O. Zaborska, Janine Marie Davies, et al. "Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib (S) over the last 10 years." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2019): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.438.
Abstract:
438 Background: Until recently there were no standard treatments for HCC patients after S. This study characterizes subsequent treatments (STx) received by HCC patients over the past 10 years and assesses their impact on survival. Methods: HCC patients treated with S between 01/2008 – 06/2017 in British Columbia, Alberta, and two cancer centers in Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Princess Margaret and Sunnybrook Cancer Centre) were included. Clinical, pathologic, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were collected. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess overall survival (OS) based on STx, and stratified according to a better prognostic group (BPG), defined as ECOG 0-1 and CP-A, and worse prognostic group (WPG), defined as ECOG≥2 or CP-B/C. Results: A total of 730 patients were identified. 177 (24.2%) received STx (table). Patients who received STx had longer median OS (mOS) than those who had no further treatment (12.1 vs. 3.3 months; p < 0.001). For patients treated with localized, systemic, or palliative radiation treatment, mOS was 16.8, 10.5 and 8.6 months, respectively (p < 0.001). After S, there were 206 (30.7%) patients in the BPG and 464 (69.3%) in the WPG. BPG patients were more likely to receive STx compared to WPG patients (60.5% vs. 39.5%, p < 0.001). BPG patients who received STx had better mOS than those who did not (15.9 vs. 7.0 months; p < 0.001). WPG patients also had better mOS if they received STx compared to those who did not (6.0 vs. 2.6 months; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Only a small proportion of HCC patients received subsequent treatment after sorafenib. This is likely due to poor performance status, liver dysfunction, or lack of treatment options. Patients who received subsequent treatment had improved mOS, regardless of whether they were in the better or worse prognostic group. [Table: see text]
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Hutagalung, Jontar, W. Halim, and A. Koto. "Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in West Sumatera, Indonesia, 2009." Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.59096/osir.v4i2.263353.
Abstract:
In December 2009, 23 people were diagnosed with dengue fever in a village in Western Sumatera, Indonesia. This was unusual because in Indonesia, dengue fever usually occurs in the rainy season and December is in the dry season; dengue usually occurs in low elevations and these villages are in the highlands; and the area was dengue free for the past five years. We conducted a case-control study to determine the risk factors, with cases matched by age, village and gender. Eighteen cases (78.3%) were hospitalized and there were deaths. Most cases lived in Tigo Balai and Matur Hilir Villages, and had an incidence of 2.1/1,000 population. Fever (≥38°C), nausea, vomiting and intense headache were the most common signs and symptoms. All cases had thrombocytopenia and a 20% drop in hematocrit. The strongest risk factor was no activity to eliminate mosquito breeding sites, with adjusted OR 4.8, 95% CI 3.3-7.8 and p-value 0.04.
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Arnaiz, Andrea, Cristina Di Giusto Valle, and Silvia Castellanos Cano. "DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS SOCIOAFECTIVAS EN POBLACIÓN CHILENA ADULTA. DIFERENCIAS DE GÉNERO EN PERSONALIDAD EFICAZ." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v5.656.
Abstract:
Abstract.DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOEMOTIONAL COMPETENCES IN ADULT CHILEAN POPULATION. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN EFFECTIVE PERSONALITYThis communication aims to assess whether gender differences exist around the construct of Effective Personality in Chilean adult population between 30 and 60. This construct, which is developed by Martín del Buey and Martin Palace, is compounded by four areas: Strengths of Self (selfconcept and self-esteem); Demands of Self (motivation, expectations and causal attributions) Challenges of Self (coping with problems and decision making) and Relations of Self (communication, assertiveness and empathy). The sample consists of 478 Chilean adults from 30 to 60 years, out of which 125 were men (26.2%) and 353 women (73.8%). For the evaluation we used Effective Personality Questionnaire-Adult (SPC-A), which was designed by Castellanos Cano, Martín Palacio and Dapelo Pellerano (2012). This questionnaire has 30 items, which are distributed into four subscales: Self Esteem; Occupational Self-Realization; Self-efficacy Antitrust; and Social Self-Realization. The results indicate no statistically significant differences in any of the four dimensions evaluated. However, the descriptive statistics show that the male average is higher as regards Esteem and Self-efficacy Antitrust, while women got a higher average in Labor Self-realization and Social Selfrealization.Keywords. Effective Personality, Chile, GenderResumen.La presente comunicación pretende evaluar si existen diferencias de género en torno al constructo de Personalidad Eficaz en población adulta chilena de entre 30 y 60 años. Este constructo, desarrollado por Martín del Buey y Martín Palacio, está compuesto por cuatro esferas: Fortalezas del Yo (autoconcepto y autoestima); Demandas del Yo (motivación, expectativas y atribuciones causales); Retos del Yo (afrontamiento de problemas y toma de decisiones); y Relaciones del Yo (comunicación, asertividad y empatía). La muestra está formada por 478 adultos chilenos de 30 a 60 años, de los que 125 eran hombres (26.2%) y 353 mujeres (73.8%). Para la evaluación se empleó el Cuestionario Personalidad Eficaz- Adultos (CPE-A), elaborado por Castellanos Cano, Martín Palacio y Dapelo Pellerano (2012), que tiene 30 ítems distribuidos en cuatro subescalas: Autoestima; Autorrealización Laboral; Autoeficacia Resolutiva; y Autorrealización Social. Los resultados obtenidos indican que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ninguna de las cuatro dimensiones evaluadas. No obstante, los estadísticos descriptivos muestran que la media de los varones es superior en Autoestima y Autoeficacia Resolutiva; mientras que las mujeres obtienen medias más altas en Autorrealización Laboral y Autorrealización Social.Palabras Clave. Personalidad Eficaz, Chile, Género
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Cerino, Pellegrino, Annachiara Coppola, Palmiero Volzone, Antonio Pizzolante, Biancamaria Pierri, Luigi Atripaldi, Massimo Zollo, et al. "Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in the town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy): a population-based study." Future Science OA 7, no. 4 (April 2021): FSO673. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/fsoa-2020-0203.
Abstract:
The Italian municipality of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy) was locked down by the regional authorities from March until April 2020 after several citizens tested positive for SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A serological mass screening campaign targeting the Ariano Irpino population using the Roche Cobas Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay was organized by the Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy (Portici, Italy) and conducted in cooperation with the Local Health Unit (Azienda Sanitaria Locale – ASL – Avellino, Avellino, Italy), the Department of Public Health of University Federico II (Naples, Italy) and Department of Health Services of Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli-Cotugno and Monaldi Hospital (Naples, Italy) in May 2020. A total of 13,218 asymptomatic individuals were reviewed in this analysis. A total of 738 citizens tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (398 females, 340 males). The overall prevalence in the sample was 5.6% (95% CI: 5.2–6.0). Among seropositive citizens, 101 cases tested positive on RT-PCR (0.76% of the overall population). Among citizens aged 14–18, 18–65 and >65 years, the seroprevalence was equal to 6.1 (95% CI: 4.1–8.7), 5.6 (95% CI: 5.1–6.1) and 4% (95% CI: 3.3–4.8), respectively. In the pediatric cohort (<14 years old), seroprevalence was 13% (95% CI: 10.2–16.2). A serological-based screening strategy could be a cost-effective public health intervention to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Santamaria, Maria Amparo, Arturo Oliver, Jose Mateo, Roberto Belvis, Joan Marti-Fabregas, Juan C. Souto, Teresa Urrutia, Vallve Cristina, Montse Borrell, and Jordi Fontcuberta. "Higher Risk of Ischemic Stroke Associated with Factor XI Levels in Dyslipidemic Patients." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 3961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3961.3961.
Abstract:
Abstract Ischemic stroke (IS) is a complex disease that involves genetic and environmental factors. The role of Factor XI in arterial thrombosis including IS is unclear. We have investigated the risk of IS related to Factor XI levels in a case-control study. We studied 445 individuals: 218 diagnosed with IS and 227 age-gender-ethnic control subjects. We measured Factor VIIIc, fibrinogen and Factor XIc levels. Factor XI<144% was taken as the reference group in the statistical analysis. Basic characteristic of patients and controls are summarized in the Table 1. When we analyzed the OR in all population, we observed an interaction between dyslipidemia and high FXI levels. So, we analyzed the data in 2 subgroups, dyslipidemic and non-dyslipidemic. The crude OR of IS in dyslipidemic patients with high levels of FXI was 4.2 (95% CI:1.2–14.8) compared with dyslipidemic controls and low levels of FXI, but the OR in the non-dyslipidemic with high levels of FXI subgroup was 1.2 (95% CI: 0.4–3.2). The adjusted OR of IS in dyslipidemic patients with high levels of FXI was 6.4 (95%CI: 1.6–26.1) compared with dyslipidemic controls, but the OR in non-dyslipidemic subgroup with high levels of FXI was 0.6 (95%CI: 0.2–2.1). In conclusion, we found almost a six-fold higher risk of IS in patients with dyslipidemia and high levels of FXI. Further studies should elucidate the role of Factor XI in IS and therapeutical approaches should become apparent in regard to patients with dyslipidemia and high Factor XI plasma levels. Table 1. IS (n=218)n (% ) Controls (n=227)n (% ) Unadjusted OR (95% CI) *Difference statistically significant (p<0.059 after adjustment by sex and age Sex (F/M) 104/114 108/119 NS Age (years, mean, range) 57 (23–80) 55(21–80) NS Smoking 94(45) 75(40) 1.6(1.1–2.3)* Dyslipidemia 91(42) 40(18) 3.4(2.2–5.2)* Family History of arterial thrombosis 112(51.7) 39(19) 5.1(3.3–7.8)* Hypertension 96(43.9) 39(17.3) 3.7(2.4–5.8)* Morbid Obesity 12(4.4) 6(2.6) 2.6(0.9–7.5) Alcohol Intake 20(9.2) 11(4.8) 1.9(0.9–4.2) Diabetes Mellitus 41(19) 12(5) 4.2(2.1–8.2)* Factor VIIIc(%, mean, range) 187.3(62–516) 157.1(48–360) p<0.0001 Fibrinogen (g/l)(mean, range) 3.7(1.9–8.4) 3.5(2.1–7.8) p<0.002
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Pandolfi, M., G. Martucci, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, F. Wilsenack, S. Frey, C. D. O'Dowd, and M. Dall'Osto. "Continuous atmospheric boundary layer observations in the coastal urban area of Barcelona during SAPUSS." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 9 (May 14, 2013): 4983–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4983-2013.
Abstract:
Abstract. Continuous measurements of surface mixed layer (SML), decoupled residual/convective layer (DRCL) and aerosol backscatter coefficient were performed within the Barcelona (Spain) boundary layer from September to October 2010 (30 days) in the framework of the SAPUSS (Solving Aerosol Problems by Using Synergistic Strategies) field campaign. Two near-infrared ceilometers (Jenoptik CHM15K), vertically and horizontally probing (only vertical profiles are herein discussed), were deployed. Ceilometer-based DRCLs (1761 ± 363 m a.g.l.) averaged over the campaign duration were twice as high as the mean SML (904 ± 273 m a.g.l.). Both DRCL and SML showed a marked SML diurnal cycle. Ceilometer data were compared with potential temperature profiles measured by daily radiosounding (twice a day, midnight and midday) to interpret the boundary layer structure in the coastal urban area of Barcelona. The overall agreement (R2 = 0.80) between the ceilometer-retrieved and radiosounding-based SML heights (h) revealed overestimation of the SML by the ceilometer (Δh=145 ± 145 m). After separating the data in accordance with different atmospheric scenarios, the lowest SML (736 ± 183 m) and DRCL (1573 ± 428 m) were recorded during warm North African (NAF) advected air mass. By contrast, higher SML and DRCL were observed during stagnant Regional (REG) (911 ± 234 m and 1769 ± 314 m, respectively) and cold Atlantic (ATL) (965 ± 222 m and 1878 ± 290 m, respectively) air masses. In addition to being the lowest, the SML during the NAF scenario frequently showed a flat upper boundary throughout the day possibly because of the strong winds from the Mediterranean Sea limiting the midday SML convective growth. The mean backscatter coefficients were calculated at two selected heights representative of middle and top SML portions, i.e. β500 = 0.59 ± 0.45 Mm−1 sr−1 and β800 = 0.87 ± 0.68 Mm−1 sr−1 at 500 m and 800 m a.g.l., respectively. The highest backscatter coefficients were observed during NAF (β500 = 0.77 ± 0.57 Mm−1 sr−1) when compared with ATL (β500 = 0.51 ± 0.44 Mm−1 sr−1) and REG (β500 = 0.64 ± 0.39 Mm−1 sr−1). The relationship between the vertical change in backscatter coefficient and atmospheric stability (∂θ/∂z) was investigated in the first 3000 m a.g.l., aiming to study how the unstable, stable or neutral atmospheric conditions of the atmosphere alter the distribution of aerosol backscatter with height over Barcelona. A positive correlation between unstable conditions and enhanced backscatter and vice versa was found.
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Berhane, Hebist, Michael W. Epperly, Shaonan Cao, Xichen Zhang, Donna Shields, Julie Goff, Melissa Sprachman, et al. "Diminished Oxidative Stress Responses in Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Lines Derived From Fanconi Anemia (Fanc-D2−/−) Mice." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4398.4398.
Abstract:
Abstract Abstract 4398 Fanconi Anemia (FA) is an inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome associated with a defect in one or more of the 15 FA pathway gene products leading to bone marrow failure, increased cellular sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents and increased risk of myeloid leukemia. Underlying DNA repair vulnerabilities render FancD2−/−, a homozygous deletion recombinant negative mice, sensitive to whole body irradiation. We quantitated hematopoiesis in long term bone marrow cultures, and the radiosensitivity and oxidative responses of derived marrow stromal and IL-3 dependent hematopoietic progenitor cell lines derived from FancD2−/− mice on a C57BL/6 background (generously provided by Drs. A. D'Andrea and K. Parmar, Dana-Farber cancer Inst., Boston, MA). Long-term bone marrow culture stromal cell lines derived from FancD2−/− were compared to FancD2+/− or FancD2+/+. FancD2−/− long term marrow cultures showed decreased cobblestone islands, representative of hematopoietic stem cell generating foci, and production of non-adherent cells compared to wild type FancD2+/+ or heterozygous FancD2 +/− cultures (p = 0.0148) and produced fewer colony forming cells on day 7 and 14 compared to FancD2 +/− or FancD2 +/+ cell lines (p < 0.0001). FancD2−/− stromal cell lines showed decreased DNA repair by comet assay after irradiation to 5Gy (P<0.0001). Following irradiation to 5 or 10 Gy, FancD2−/− cells had an increased cell doubling time (44.1 + 0.7 and 54.2 + 7.8) compared to FancD2 +/+ cells (35.5 + 1.5hrs and 33.6 + 1.3,hrs p = 0.006 and 0.051, respectively). FancD2−/− cells had decreased baseline antioxidant levels compared to the FancD2 +/+ cells (0.55 + 0.11 and 0.91 + 0.17 trolox units, respectively). FancD2−/− cells at 24 hr following 10 Gy irradiation had 0.39 + 0.03 trolox units compared to 0.76 + 0.07 trolox units in FancD2 +/+ cells (p = 0.006). In clonogenic irradiation survival curve assays, FancD2−/− marrow stromal cells were radiosensitive (Do = 1.43 + 0.06 Gy, n = 4.98 + 0.65) compared to FancD2 +/+ (Do 1.70 + 0.09 Gy and n = 8.33 + 0.72, p = 0.0395 and 0.0040, respectively) or FancD2 +/− cells (Do = 1.67 + 0.08 and n = 3.63 + 0.44, p = 0.0348 and 0.1365, respectively). Furthermore, FancD2 +/− cells were more radiosensitive compared to FancD2 +/+ cells ((n = 3.63 + 0.44 or 8.33 + 0.72), p = 0.0003). Thus, the FancD2 gene controls several parameters of sensitivity to oxidative stress and ionizing radiation as demonstrated in mouse long-term marrow cultures and derived cell lines. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Belyi, D., O. Nastina, G. Sydorenko, Z. Gabulavichene, N. Kursina, O. Bazyka, V. Bilaya, and O. Kovaliov. "THE ASSESSMENT OF COMORBID PATHOLOGY IN CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF THE ACCIDENT CONSEQUENCES AT THE CHORNOBYL NPP HAVING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES." Проблеми радіаційної медицини та радіобіології = Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology 25 (2020): 402–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-402-420.
Abstract:
Objective. Analysis of comorbid pathology based on the use of methods for its quantitative assessment in persons who were exposed to radiation because of the Chornobyl accident. Materials and methods. Comorbid pathology was studied in 608 men, including 420 clean-up workers (CW) of the accident consequences at the Chornobyl NPP (main group) and 188 non-irradiated persons (control group – CG). All patients had cardiovascular diseases as their main pathology and were examined in the cardiology department of the NRCRM hospital during 2011–2019. The groups did not differ by age, either at the beginning of the accident or at the time of their last examination. Patients of both groups before the accident were practically healthy people and were not registered at the dispensary. The Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) was used to quantify comorbid pathology. Results. Comorbid pathology was detected in 418 CW (99.5 %) and 183 patients of CG (99.3 %). The total score in CW (10.3 ± 2.9) units significantly (р = 0.000) exceeded the same index in non-irradiated patients (8.8 ± 3.0) units, as well as the mean number of CIRS categories, whose level severity was 1 point (3.3 ± 1.7 vs. 2.6 ± 1.5, р = 0.000), 2 points (1.8 ± 1.0 vs. 1.6 ± 1.0, p = 0.032) and 3–4 points (1.2 ± 0.8 vs. 1.0 ± 0.9, р = 0.062). In contrast, the mean value of the categories with zero score, i.e. without diseases, was more common in CG (7.8 ± 1.8 vs. 8.8 ± 1.7, р = 0.000). The most common pathology in CW and CG were heart (98.3 % vs. 94.7 %, р < 0.05) and vascular diseases (92.9 % vs. 87.8 %, р > 0.05), followed by diseases of nervous system (79.0 % vs. 57.4 %, р <0.001), musculoskeletal system and skin (69.8 % vs. 56.9 %, р < 0.01), endocrine (56.0 % vs. 49,5 %, р > 0.05) and the respiratory system (53.8 % vs. 53.7 %, р > 0.05) and liver (51.2 % vs. 36.2 %, р < 0.001), which were detected more than in half patients of the main group. Diseases of the kidneys (3.3 % vs. 4.8 %, р > 0.05) and lower gastrointestinal tract (3.3 % vs. 0.5 %, р < 0.01) were quite rare. The incidence of the other four CIRS categories was 18.6–34 %. The total score in subgroups with different ages varied in descending order of mean values as follows: CW > 65 years (10.5 ± 2.9) units, CW < 65 years (9.9 ± 2.8) units, CG > 65 years (9.5 ± 2.8) units and CG < 65 years (7.8 ± 2.9) units with significant differences both between age subgroups in each of the groups and between CW and CG older subgroups. Conclusions. Quantitative assessment of comorbidity by CIRS showed that in persons irradiated during their emergency work due to the Chornobyl accident, the incidence of combined pathology of such organ systems as cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, hematopoietic, urogenital, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, liver and kidneys was significantly higher than in non-irradiated patients. In irradiated patients, the course of comorbid pathology was more severe for each system and in general, reflecting higher values of the total CIRS score. Both among CW and non-irradiated controls, higher values of the total comorbidity score were observed in patients 65 years and older, compared with younger individuals. In both age subgroups of CW the total score was higher than in patients of the control group. Key words: clean-up workers of the accident consequences at the Chornobyl NPP, ionizing radiation, comorbid pathology, chronic diseases.
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Kim, Y. E., S. M. Ahn, J. S. Oh, Y. G. Kim, C. K. Lee, B. Yoo, and S. Hong. "AB1253 FEBUXOSTAT DOSE ADJUSTMENT ACCORDING TO RENAL FUNCTION TO ATTAIN TARGET SERUM URATE LEVEL: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1852.3–1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.2473.
Abstract:
BackgroundCurrent guideline for gout recommends the use of allopurinol or febuxostat in moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the appropriate febuxostat dosage required to attain the target serum urate (SU) level remains unclear, especially in patients with renal impairment.ObjectivesWe aim to investigate the different febuxostat dosages stratified by renal function to achieve the target SU level.MethodsWe collected the clinical and laboratory information of patients using the Clinical Research Data Warehouse system of Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Of the 3153 patients with gout and a prescription for febuxostat at a tertiary-care referral center, 731 with initial SU levels >6 mg/dL were collected and categorized, according to their eGFR levels at febuxostat therapy initiation, into three groups based on CKD stage: 1, 2–3, and 4–5. We defined the cumulative febuxostat as the total dose of febuxostat used from the initiation of febuxostat to the moment patient reached the SU target (SU<6 mg/dL).ResultsThis cohort of 731 gout patients, with a median age of 52 (IQR, 41-63) years, included 64 (8.8%) women. Compared with the other groups, in the CKD 4–5 group, the mean SU value at febuxostat initiation was significantly higher (9.6 [SD, 3.1] mg/dL; CKD 2–3, 8.6 [SD, 1.6] mg/dL; CKD 1, 8.8 [SD, 1.8] mg/dL; p<0.001) and significantly fewer patients achieved the SU target during the follow-up period, median 31 (IQR, 13-55) months. In the subgroup analysis of patients who achieved target SU levels, the cumulative dose of febuxostat was significantly lower in CKD 4-5 patients compared to those with other groups (CKD 4–5, 5.9 (IQR, 2.5–12.0) g; CKD 2–3, 7.1 (IQR, 3.5–15.7) g; CKD 1, 7.0 (IQR, 2.7–20.1) g; p=0.010 for CKD 4–5 and CKD 1, p=0.006 for CKD 4–5 and CKD 2–3). The average febuxostat dose used during 4 months to reach the SU target was 50.0 (IQR, 21.0–101.0) mg in the CKD 4-5 group, which was significantly lower than in other groups (CKD 2–3, 59.3 (IQR, 29.4–130.7) mg; CKD 1, 58.5 (IQR, 22.7–167.8) mg; p=0.006 for CKD 4–5 and CKD 1, p=0.003 for CKD 4–5 and CKD 2–3). In addition, when we examined the clinical factors associated with the required dose of febuxostat to achieve SU target, CKD 4-5 group showed a significant negative correlation with cumulative febuxostat dosage to reach target SU compared with CKD 1 (rho -2.334, p=0.02).ConclusionThe febuxostat dose required to reach the target SU level was significantly lower in patients with markedly decreased renal function (CKD stage 4–5).References[1]Tan VS et al. The 3-Year Incidence of Gout in Elderly Patients with CKD. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2017; 12(4):577-584.[2]Stamp LK et al. A randomised controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of allopurinol dose escalation to achieve target serum urate in people with gout. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2017; 76(9):1522-1528.[3]Ahn E et al. Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Febuxostat in Gout Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3 and Stage 4/5. Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 2019; 26(2):118.Table 1.Febuxostat acquirement to reach target SUTotal(n=731)CKD 1(n=204)CKD 2-3(n=388)CKD 4-5(n=139)p-valueCKD1 vs 4-5CKD2-3 vs 4-5SU target achievement, n (%)626 (85.6)176 (86.3)336 (86.6)114 (82.0)0.250.0430.045Patients achieving SU targetMean SU at 4 months, mg/dL6.2 (5.1, 7.2)6.2 (5.1, 7.3)6.0 (5.1, 7.1)6.3 (5.1, 7.2)0.490.270.05Duration to achieve SU target, months4.0 (1.9, 9.6)3.3 (1.8, 11.7)4.1 (2.1, 9.2)3.2 (1.4, 7.4)0.220.0380.08Cumulative febuxostat dose, g7.0 (3.0, 15.7)7.0 (2.7, 20.1)7.1 (3.5, 15.7)5.9 (2.5, 12.0)0.120.0100.006Average dose of febuxostat, mg58.3 (25.7, 130.7)58.5 (22.7, 167.8)59.3 (29.4, 130.7)50.0 (21.0, 101.0)0.090.0060.003Percentage change in SU-41.4 (-51.3, -30.1)-39.4 (-49.2, -31.1)-40.2 (-50.0, -29.7)-47.2 (-58.3, -35.6)<0.001<0.001<0.001Delta SU, mg/dL-3.4 (-5.0, -2.4)-3.3 (-4.8, -2.3)-3.4 (-4.8, -2.3)-4.2 (-6.4, -3.0)<0.001<0.001<0.001ap-value was obtained using ANOVA statistical analysisAcknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Gennaio, I. A., M. Zen, E. Fuzzi, M. Gatto, M. Larosa, L. Iaccarino, and A. Doria. "POS1515 PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF LATE AND VERY LATE ONSET SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1116.1–1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4989.
Abstract:
BackgroundWhether late-onset (LO) SLE is associated with a different, more benign disease course and better prognosis than early-onset SLE is still contradictory.[1-3]ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence and clinical features of LO-SLE and very late onset (VLO) SLE and to compare their outcomes with those of non-LO SLE.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study using prospectively collected data from our cohort involving 516 patients with SLE (ACR criteria) followed between 2008 and 2022. Patients older than 50 or older than 60 years at SLE onset were defined as LO-SLE and VLO-SLE, respectively. Demographic data, and clinical and treatment history were retrieved from clinical charts. SLEDAI-2K, daily prednisone dose, SLICC Damage Index (SDI), and low disease activity (according to LLDAS definition)[1]at last follow-up in 2022 were assessed. Early mortality, within 10 years after diagnosis, was assessed in patients diagnosed in the last 15 years.ResultsAmong 516 SLE patients regularly followed, 38 (7.4%) were LO-SLE: mean±SD age at diagnosis 56.5 ±5.7 years (range 50-72), females 78%. Of them, 10 (2% of the overall cohort) were VLO-SLE: mean±SD age at diagnosis 65 ±4.0 years (range 60-72), females 60%. Compared to early-SLE patients, LO-SLE patients had more frequently skin involvement and positive antiSSA/SSB antibodies (Table 1). Compared to non-LO-SLE, no difference in life-threatening manifestations was observed, including renal and neuropsychiatric involvement. The same trend was found in VLO-SLE. Accordingly, the use of immunosuppressants (including types of drugs) and biologics was similar (Table 1). At last follow-up, SLEDAI-2K was lower in LO-SLE patients (1±2 vs. 2±3, p=0.01), whereas the proportion of patients on glucocorticoids (21% vs 37%) and in LLDAS (84% vs 74%) was similar to that observed in non-LO-SLE. Despite that, SDI was higher in LO-SLE (2, range 0-8) than in non-LO-SLE patients (1, range 0-10, p=0.004) but after excluding items possibly related to aging (cataract, osteoporosis, low GFR, malignancy) the difference was not significant anymore. Among 165 patients diagnosed in the last 15 years, mortality was similar in LO and early-onset SLE, although deaths within 10 years after diagnosis (2 cases) all occurred in early-SLE patients.ConclusionAccording to our data, LO- and VLO-SLE are uncommon and seem not to be associated with more benign disease outcomes. Since life-threatening manifestations can occur in LO-SLE, these patients deserve regular follow-up.References[1] Arnaud L, et al. Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment1 Drug Aging 2012;29(3):181-189.[2] Lin H et al. Survival analysis of late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort study in China. Clin Rheumatol 2012;31(12):1683-9.[3] Riveros Frutos A et al. Late-onset versus early-onset systemic lupus: characteristics and outcome in a national multicentre register (RELESSER) Rheumatology 2021 6;60(4):1793-1803.Table 1.Clinical and therapeutic features of late-onset and early-onset SLELate onset SLE(N=38)Early onset SLE(N=478)P valueSkin rash13 (34.2)262 (54.8)0.027Alopecia3 (7.8)60 (12-.5)n.s.Cutaneous vascu-litis1 (2.6)45 (9.4)n.s.Arthritis23 (61)353 (73.8)n.s.Leukopenia17 (44.7)191 (40)n.s.Thrombocitopenia11 (29.9)86 (18)n.s.Serositis8 (21)91 (19)n.s.Lupus nephritis16 (42.1)258 (54)n.s.Neuro-SLE8 (21)81 (16.9)n.s.Anti-dsDNA Abs25 (66)335 (70)n.s.Anti-SSA/SSB Abs23 (61)201 (42)0.044Anti-U1RNP Abs9 (23.6)129 (27)n.s.Antiphospholipid Abs13 (34.2)138 (28.9)n.s.Immunosuppressants everMMFCYCAZAMTXBelimumabRituximab23 (61)13 (34.2)4 (10.5)6 (15.7)8 (15.7)6 (16)3 (7.6)339 (71-)210 (44)103 (21.5)143 (29.9)87 (18.1)75 (15.7)39 (8.2)n.s.HCQ ever35 (92)454 (95)n.s.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsIlenia Anna Gennaio: None declared, Margherita Zen Speakers bureau: GSK, AstraZeneca, Enrico Fuzzi: None declared, Mariele Gatto Speakers bureau: GSK, AstraZeneca, Maddalena Larosa: None declared, Luca Iaccarino Speakers bureau: GSK, AstraZeneca, Andrea Doria Consultant of: GSK, AstraZeneca.
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Saito, Aoto, Mika Saito, Kathleen Y. de Almeida, Hiroki Homma, Minoru Deguchi, Ayumu Kozuma, Naoyuki Kobatake, Takanobu Okamoto, Koichi Nakazato, and Naoki Kikuchi. "The Association between the ALDH2 rs671 Polymorphism and Athletic Performance in Japanese Power and Strength Athletes." Genes 13, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101735.
Abstract:
The rs671 polymorphism is associated with the enzymatic activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), which is weakened by the A allele in East Asians. We recently reported the association of this polymorphism with the athletic status in athletic cohorts and the muscle strength of non-athletic cohorts. Therefore, we hypothesized the association of ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism with the performance in power/strength athletes. We aimed to clarify the relationship between the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism and performance in power/strength athletes. Participants comprising 253 power/strength athletes (167 men and 86 women) and 721 healthy controls (303 men and 418 women) were investigated. The power/strength athletes were divided into classic powerlifting (n = 84) and weightlifting (n = 169). No differences in the genotypes and allele frequencies of the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism and an association between performance and the ALDH2 rs671 genotype were observed in weightlifters. However, the relative values per body weight of the total record were lower in powerlifters with the GA + AA genotype than those with the GG genotype (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 7.8 ± 1.0; p = 0.010, partial η2 = 0.08). Our results collectively indicate a role of the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism in strength performance in powerlifters.
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Noppon, Jiratthanakul, and Somrerk Chandra-ambhorn. "Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled Low Carbon Steel Strips in Correlation to Chemical Compositions and Rolling Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.401.
Abstract:
Seven thousand sets of data consisting of mechanical properties, chemical compositions, and rolling parameters of industrial hot-rolled coils were analysed using multiple regression. This was to establish empirical formulas to predict mechanical properties of steel as a function of chemical compositions and rolling parameters. The empirical formulas predicting yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and percentage of elongation (EL) of low carbon steel strip were obtained, e.g. YS = 461+ 418 C + 61.6 Mn + 796 P ¬– 303 S + 159 Si + 146 Cu + 204 Ni + 49.7 Cr + 1127 V + 1072 Ti + 3674 Nb – 266 Mo – 6299 B – 76.3 Al – 557 Sn – 3.54 THK – 0.00758 WID – 0.114 FT – 0.223 CT. The rolling parameters in equation included finishing temperature (FT), coiling temperature (CT), thickness (THK) and width (WID) of strip. R-Square values for the formulas predicting YS, UTS, and EL were 82.3%, 90.1%, and 75.8% respectively. These equations were validated by using another 120 hot-rolled coils. The averages of absolute values of the difference between the predicted and actual values of YS, UTS, and EL were 9.6 MPa, 7.8 MPa, and 2.7 % respectively. Correlation of chemical compositions and rolling conditions with mechanical properties was discussed in the paper.
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Fikadu, Tsehay, and Birhanu Mekassa. "Determination of heavy metals in cement dust, top soil and teff around Habesha and Mugher cement factory, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 36, no. 3 (July 15, 2022): 487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i3.1.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT. In this study, the level of selected heavy metals in cement dust, soil and teff samples collected from around Mugher and Habesha cement factories, Ethiopia were determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The collected samples were digested using properly optimized acid digestion using a mixture of 5 mL HNO3:1 mL H2SO4:1 mL HClO4 at 200 oC for 2 h for the cement dust; 3 mL HNO3:4 mL HClO4:1 mL H2O2 at 300 °C for 3 h for the soil and 5 mL HNO3:3 mL H2O2 for 1:30 h at 200 °C for the teff samples. The mean concentrations of metals determined (mg/kg) were in the ranges of Cu (450.26-471.79), Zn (1096.75-1103.10), Mn (3316-3419), Cr (242-404), Fe (31846-33836), Ni (1524-1727), Co (2492-2517), Cd (20.4-26.1), Pb (255-649) for cement dust; Cu (294-333), Zn (194-330), Mn (498-521), Cr (330-450), Fe (5283-5392), Ni (1138-3719) and Co (1439-1516) for soil, Cu (85.6-89.4), Zn (314-466), Mn (733-741), Cr (297-342), Fe (1327-1574) for teff. Cd and Pb were not detected in the teff and soil samples. The soil and teff samples collected from the two cement factories contained significant level of heavy metals. Except iron, the level of heavy metals in soil and teff samples were above the permissible limit of FAO/WHO.
KEY WORDS: Cement factory, Cement dust, Soil, Teff, Wet digestion, Heavy metals
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(3), 487-501.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i3.1
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Hartmann, Katrin, and Jutta Hein. "Labordiagnostische Referenzbereiche bei Meerschweinchen." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere 31, no. 06 (2003): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1622380.
Abstract:
ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der Arbeit war, Referenzwerte für Blutparameter bei gesunden Meerschweinchen verschiedener Rassen mit einer für die Praxis geeigneten Blutentnahmemethode zu erstellen. Zur Sammlung der Daten wurde Blut von 101 klinisch gesunden Meerschweinchen, im Alter von sechs Wochen bis fünfeinhalb Jahren, aus der V. saphena lateralis entnommen. Für die folgenden Parameter wurden Referenzbereiche bestimmt: Hämatokrit (0,39-0,55 l/l), Hämoglobinkonzentration (7,26-10,51 mmol/l), Erythrozytenzahl (4,51-6,36 × 1012/l), Erythrozytenindices (MCHC: 18,1-19,7 mmol/l; MCH: 1,50-1,70 fmol/l; MCV: 80,3-89,1 fl), Leukozytenzahl (2910-14420 × 106/l), Differenzialblutbild (Monozyten: 0-657 × 106/l [0-9%]; Lymphozyten: 1401- 10665 × 106/l [28-84%]; stabkernige neutrophile Granulozyten: 0-72 × 106/l [0-1%]; segmentkernige neutrophile Granulozyten: 889-5097 × 106/l [12-62%]; eosinophile Granulozyten: 0-1563 × 106/l [0-14%]; basophile Granulozyten: 0-106 × 106/l [0-2%]) und Thrombozytenzahl (273-745 × 109/l), die Enzymaktivitäten der Alaninaminotransferase (ALT: 0-61 IU/l), alkalischen Phosphatase (AP: 0-418 IU/l), Aspartataminotransferase (AST: 0-90 IU/l), Glutamatdehydrogenase (GLDH: 0-17 IU/l), γ-Glutamyltransferase (γ-GT: 0-13 IU/l), Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH: 0-515 IU/l), Kreatinkinase (CK: 0-2143 IU/l), α-Amylase (0-3159 IU/l), Lipase (0-152 IU/l) und Cholinesterase (CHE: 0-8052 IU/l), die Konzentration der Substrate Glukose (4,95-15,95 mmol/l), Fruktosamin (134-271 µmol/l), Gesamteiweiß (44,4-65,8 g/l) mit Auftrennung durch Elektrophorese (Albumin: 25,5- 41,1 g/l [53,0-69,7%], α1-Globulin: 1,0-3,6 g/l [2,0-6,3%]; α2-Globulin: 7,9-14,8 g/l [16,3-27,1%]; β-Globulin: 2,5-6,8 g/l [4,8-11,4%]; γ-Globulin: 1,7-7,8 g/l [3,3-13,4%]), Cholesterin (0,31-1,67 mmol/l), Triglyzeride (0,33-2,35 mmol/l), Serum- gallensäuren (0,0-84,5 µmol/l), Bilirubin (0-1,59 µmol/l), Harnstoff (3,34-10,33 mmol/l) und Kreatinin (0-77 µmol/l) sowie der Elektrolyte Kalzium (2,4-3,1 mmol/l), Phosphat (1,03-6,98 mmol/l), Magnesium (0,99-2,56 mmol/l), Natrium (130-150 mmol/l), Kalium (4,5-8,8 mmol/l), Chlorid (94-111 mmol/l) und Eisen (26-76 µmol/l). Alters- (≤ 4 Monate und > 4 Monate) und Geschlechtsabhängigkeiten (männlich/ weiblich) wurden ermittelt.
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Hosokawa, Takafumi, Tsuyoshi Tajika, Morimichi Suto, and Hirotaka Chikuda. "The Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scores in 961 Japanese volunteers." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 28, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 230949902097065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499020970656.
Abstract:
Introduction: Patient-reported outcomes recently have been used to assess treatment outcomes. The Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) is a particularly convenient and useful tools. However, data on the normative values of Japanese population are lacking, so the present study was conducted to gather this information. Methods: We assessed 1098 volunteers over 18 years of age (363 men and 735 women, average 50 years old) who had not received upper limb treatment in a medical facility. These participants included our institution’s staff, their family members, and the participants in the group meetings held by institution’s staff. Their occupations were also examined. We divided occupations into nonmanual and manual labor. These factors of the participants were then analyzed to clarify which (if any) influenced the QuickDASH. Results: Valid answers were obtained from 961 subjects (87.5%). The median score was 2 (mean: 4.8) in the overall population, 0 (mean: 2.6) in men, and 2.5 (mean: 6.0) in women. The scores increased with age and were higher in women than in men. There were no significant differences by manual labor. Female sex and older age were identified as factors that influenced the QuickDASH score in the multiple regression analysis. There were high correlations among QuickDASH, work and sports/music scores. Conclusions: The present study provided QuickDASH scores for Japanese volunteers who had not received upper limb treatment in a medical facility. The scores were associated with older age and female sex. This study helps us to know the degree of potential upper limb impairment in the general population, and will help in populational strategies as primary and secondary preventive medicine for upper limb-related diseases.
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Phillips, Julia K., and Gordon L. Purdie. "New Zealand (NZ) Pacific Peoples and Maori Have a Higher Risk of Developing Multiple Myeloma Than Other New Zealanders." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4760.4760.
Abstract:
Abstract The incidence of multiple myeloma shows ethnic variation, myeloma age-standardized incidence being higher in African Americans at 11.3 per 100,000 than White Americans in whom the incidence is 5.1 per 100,000 (standardized to US 2000 census population)[Ries et al (2007) http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2004/]. NZ has a number of ethnic minorities, which includes Maori and Pacific peoples. New diagnoses of multiple myeloma in NZ are reported to a national cancer registry. Since 1994 this has been a legal requirement. We examined data from the cancer registry for 1996 to 2004 to establish the relative incidence of multiple myeloma in NZ ethnic groups. During this period ICD-9 (multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms) was used for coding until 2000 when it was replaced by ICD-10 (multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms). Between 1996 and 2004 there were 2101 myeloma registrations. Median age was between 70 and 75yrs. M:F ratio was 1.3. Maori accounted for 160 patients (7.6%), Pacific peoples 81 (3.8%). Mean age-standardized annual incidence rates per 100,000 and 95% confidence intervals (WHO world standard population (WSP)) for the 9 year period were as follows:- All Male Female Maori 6.4 (5.4–7.6) 7.9 (6.3–9.8) 4.9 (3.8–6.3) Pacific Peoples 8.4 (6.6–10.8) 10.9 (7.8–15.2) 6.0 (4.3–8.4) Non-Maori, non-Pacific 4.4 (4.2–4.6) 5.4 (5.1–5.7) 3.4 (3.1–3.6) All ethnicities 4.6 (4.4–4.8) 5.7 (5.4–6.0) 3.6 (3.3–3.8) The population adjusted incidence of multiple myeloma was significantly higher in Pacific peoples (ratio 1.93 (95% CI 1.50–2.48)) and Maori (ratio 1.46 (95% CI 1.23–1.74)) than in the non Maori, non Pacific population. Conclusion: The overall incidence of myeloma in NZ (4.6 per 100,000, 95%CI 4.4–4.8 WSP) is higher than that reported for a UK population (3.3 per 100,000 WSP) [Phekoo et al (2004) Brit J Haem 127:299]. The incidence of myeloma in NZ Pacific peoples is especially high at 8.4 per 100,000. The incidence of myeloma in NZ Maori at 6.4 per 100,000 is intermediate between that of the NZ non Maori, non Pacific population and that of Pacific peoples.
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Marmamula, Srinivas, Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli, Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham, Rajesh Challa, and Jill E. Keeffe. "Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 2 (February 2021): e041755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041755.
Abstract:
ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.
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Tilloeva, Zulfiya, Seda Aghabekyan, Karapet Davtyan, Olga Goncharova, Olim Kabirov, Bobojon Pirmahmadzoda, Asliddin Rajabov, Azamdzhon Mirzoev, and Garry Aslanyan. "Tuberculosis in key populations in Tajikistan – a snapshot in 2017." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, no. 11.1 (November 16, 2020): 94S—100S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11952.
Abstract:
Introduction: WHO End TB Strategy aims at achieving targets of 90% mortality reduction and 80% reduction in tuberculosis (TB) incidence by 2030, recommending better addressing TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) issues in key populations.
Aim: The study aimed at having a snapshot of the epidemiological characteristics of the key populations among the new TB patients, registered in Tajikistan during 2017.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, using official TB registration data for all new TB case notification in Tajikistan in 2017.
Results: The key population included 1,029 (19.8%) patients among all 5,182 new TB cases registered in 2017. The following selected sub-populations were identified: migrant workers – 728 (70.7%), diabetics – 162 (15.7%), HIV-positive – 138 (13.4%), heavy drinkers – 74 (7.2%), drug users – 50 (4.8%), ex-prisoners – 50 (4.8%), and homeless – 9 (0.9%). Among the key population, 307 (29.8%) patients were smear-positive, 145 (14.1%) were drug-sensitive and 116 (11.3%) had MonoDR/MDR-TB. Time to treatment initiation for smear-positive cases was ≤ 5 days for 303 (98.7%) patients. Being a key population was inversely related to gender (female) (OR = 0.25, 95% CI (0.21, 0.29)) and population type (rural) (OR = 0.64, 95% CI (0.55, 0.74)).
Conclusion: Among the key population the identified overlaps of selected sub-populations would enable more efficiently reaching the certain groups. TB case detection at PHC levels needs to be targeted for improved rates for key population detection. In the key population sub-group of migrant workers’ special migration destinations are recommended to be explored and find out possible associations with drug resistance.
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Payton, Ashley, and Benjamin K. P. Woo. "Instagram Content Addressing Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy: Observational Study." JMIR Dermatology 4, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): e26200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26200.
Abstract:
Background Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is the most commonly diagnosed pregnancy-specific dermatosis. It presents with intense pruritus and can be difficult to manage, which encourages mothers to look to social media for camaraderie and advice. Objective This study aimed to characterize the sources and thematic content of Instagram posts in order to define influential groups of users. Our goal was to determine the status of online discourse surrounding PUPPP and elucidate any potential space for health care provider intervention via creation of Instagram accounts dedicated to information dissemination for patient populations. Methods Three hashtag categories were selected (#PUPPP, #PUPPPs, and #PUPPPrash), and the top public posts from each were analyzed and organized by source and by thematic content. The numbers of likes and comments were also recorded. Results Among the top 150 posts in each hashtag category, only 428 posts in total were eligible for this analysis. Majority (316/428, 73.8%) of posts were created by mothers who experienced PUPPP. These posts were testimonial accounts in nature. A small fraction of posts (14/428, 3.3%) were generated by physician accounts. Posts from blogs with extensive followings garnered the most attention in the form of likes and comments. Conclusions Mothers experiencing PUPPP comprised the majority of accounts posting under the hashtags selected. The most common themes included pictures of the rash and personal testimonies. Posts under blog posts received the most likes and comments on average. There is space for physician and health care specialists to improve their social media presence when it comes to discourse surrounding PUPPP. Patients are seeking out communities on social media, like Instagram, in order to have questions answered and obtain advice on management. Accounts with large followings tend to have more likes and more comments, which encourages information dissemination and awareness. Thus, we suggest that physicians create content and potentially partner with blog-type accounts to improve outreach.
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Piercey, Stephen J., James K. Mortensen, and Robert A. Creaser. "Neodymium isotope geochemistry of felsic volcanic and intrusive rocks from the YukonTanana Terrane in the Finlayson Lake Region, Yukon, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e02-094.
Abstract:
DevonianMississippian felsic rocks from the Finlayson Lake region have variable geochemical and Nd isotopic characteristics that provide insights into the tectonic and metallogenic evolution of the YukonTanana terrane (YTT), and the northern Cordillera. Late Devonian (~365360 Ma) calc-alkaline and tholeiitic arc felsic rocks in the mafic-dominated Fire Lake unit yield εNd350 = 4.8 and +0.1, respectively, and have 1.491.94 Ga depleted mantle model ages (TDM). DevonianMississippian (~360356 Ma) felsic volcanic (Kudz Ze Kayah unit, Wolverine succession) and intrusive rocks (Grass Lakes suite) associated with volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits have εNd350 = 7.8 to 9.5 with TDM = 1.592.25 Ga. A granitoid sample from the Early Mississippian (~350345 Ma) Simpson Range plutonic suite has εNd350 = 12.9 and TDM = 2.01 Ga, similar to previously reported values for this suite. The VMS-associated Grass Lakes suite of granitoids has higher high field strength element (HFSE) and rare-earth element (REE) contents, and higher Zr/Sc, Zr/TiO2, Nb/La, and Zr/La values relative to the Simpson Range plutonic suite; these geochemical features are similar to coeval VMS-associated felsic volcanic rocks in the Kudz Ze Kayah unit. The identification of similar HFSEREE-enriched felsic volcanic and subvolcanic intrusive rocks may aid in delineating prospective regions for VMS mineralization in the YTT and other continental-margin arc to back-arc environments. The geochemical and Nd isotopic data for these YTT felsic rocks suggest that they reflect episodic mid-Paleozoic arc (Fire Lake unit; Simpson Range plutonic suite) and back-arc magmatism (Kudz Ze Kudz unit; Wolverine succession) built upon a transitional basement with variable, but significant, influence from evolved (Proterozoic) crustal materials.
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Shakhmirzoev, R. Ab, and M. R. Ab Kaziev. "Economic and bioсhemical assessment of introduced varieties of apple trees in the foothill province of Dagestan." Agrarian science, no. 6 (July 30, 2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2022-360-6-95-99.
Abstract:
Relevance. The increase of the influence of environmental factors sets the task for science to introduce into the culture high-quality and good-keeping apple varieties of commodity-consumer demand that meet the requirements of intensive gardening.Methods. This article presents the results of the study and evaluation of introduced apple varieties of autumn and winter ripening (Aidared, Champion Reno, Renet Simirenko, Civt1 5, Fuji Kiku) of domestic and foreign selection, cultivated in the southeastern foothill province of the Republic Dagestan.Results. As a result of the study, a comparative characteristic of varieties was given in terms of commodity-consumer qualities and the biochemical composition of fruits. Apple varieties had an attractive appearance: Civt 15 — 4.9 Fuji Kiku — 4.8 points. Of particular importance is the keeping quality of fruits, as one of the factors reflecting the possibility of storage. The longest storage period (220 days) was noted for the Civt1 5 variety. The variety of introduced apple varieties in the region makes it possible to choose the most valuable varieties in terms of biochemical composition and other indicators for their further use, both fresh and canned. Varieties with a high content of biologically active substances, vitamin C have been identified — Aidared (13.2mg/100 g), Civt1 5 (10.9), Renet Simirenko (7.8 mg/100g ). The level of sugar content ranged from 8.3% (Renet Simirenko) to 12.5% (Civt 15). A group of varieties with a set of quality indicators for introduction into production is recommended.
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Aghdam, Hossein Akbari, Azin Mohammad-Salehi, Hamed i. Zandi-esfahan, and Mohsen Heidari. "Epidemiology of Primary Malignant Bone Tumors in Isfahan Province, Iran." Journal of Research in Orthopedic Science 6, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jrosj.6.4.49.
Abstract:
Background: Primary malignant tumors, including rare tumors of the skeleton, are of concern. However, the unpredictable prognosis, morbidity, and mortality of these tumors have raised them as one of the health problems. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of these tumors in Isfahan province, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 489 patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors were enrolled from 2006 to 2016. Their data were available in Isfahan medical centers, and their diagnostic biopsies from their hospitals’ records were examined. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. Results: The most common tumors were in the descending order: Osteosarcoma (15.1%), Ewing sarcoma (13.7%), chondrosarcoma (13.1%), fibrosarcoma and neurofibrosarcoma (10.8%), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (7.8%), synovial sarcoma (6.7%), liposarcoma (6.5%), dermatofibrosarcoma (3.3%), rhabdomyosarcoma (3.1%), and leiomyosarcoma (3.1%). Other sarcomas comprised 16.8%. The highest prevalence of tumors was in Isfahan city. Conclusion: This study was conducted for the first time in Isfahan Province to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. Our study results were similar to most studies conducted in different regions of the world. Considering the relatively high prevalence of malignant bone and soft tissue tumors in lower age groups, we recommend further studies in this area to manage this problem.
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Patel, Nidhi, and Nilesh Shah. "Serum magnesium level in eclampsia at tertiary care center, Gujarat, India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191063.
Abstract:
Background: Magnesium may be physiologically important in blood pressure regulation whereas changes in magnesium levels could contribute to the patho-etiology of hypertension. The objective of the present study was to study the level and effect of magnesium in eclamptic pregnant women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 clinically diagnosed women with eclampsia in their third trimester of pregnancy. Inclusion criteria for the study was; females with singleton pregnancy, all in the third trimester which were diagnosed to have PIH based on the development of hypertension for the first time, proteinuria with or without edema, with no history of previous urinary tract troubles and no evidence of UTI. The concentration of total serum magnesium was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: Mean age, mean gestational age, mean total hospital stays, mean BMI, mean systolic BP and diastolic BP was 24.3 years with 5.1 SD, 36.4 week with 3.3 SD, 7.8 days with 2.4 SD, 28.9 wt/ht2 with 4.8 SD, 146.5 mmHg with 14.7 SD and 95.9 mmHg with 11.2 SD respectively. Mean magnesium level was 1.9 mmol/L with 2.2 SD.Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia is present in eclamptic pregnant women. In developing countries like India, sufficient dietary supplementation should be given above the recommended dietary allowances in pregnancy at least in susceptible pregnant women.
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Zhu, Haojie, Zhao Wang, Xiaofei Li, Yan Yao, Zhimin Liu, and Xiaohan Fan. "Medium- and Long-Term Lead Stability and Echocardiographic Outcomes of Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing Compared to Right Ventricular Pacing." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 8, no. 12 (November 30, 2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8120168.
Abstract:
The long-term lead stability and echocardiographic outcomes of left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) are not fully understood. This study aimed to observe the mid-long-term clinical impact of LBBAP compared to right ventricular pacing (RVP). Consecutive bradycardia patients undergoing LBBAP or RVP were enrolled. Pacing and electrophysiological characteristics, echocardiographic measurements, and procedural complications were prospectively recorded at baseline and follow-up. LBBAP was successful in 376 of 406 patients (92.6%), while 313 patients received RVP. During a mean follow-up of 13.6 ± 7.8 months, LBBAP presented with similar pacing parameters and complications to RVP, except a significantly narrower paced QRS duration (115.7 ± 12.3 ms vs. 148.0 ± 18.0 ms, p < 0.001). In 228 patients with ventricular pacing burden >40%, LBBAP at last follow-up resulted in decreased left atrial diameter (LAD) (40.1 ± 8.5 mm vs. 38.5 ± 8.0 mm, p < 0.001) while RVP produced decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (62.7 ± 4.8% vs. 60.5 ± 6.9%, p < 0.001) when compared to baseline. After adjusting for age, the presence of atrial fibrillation, and other clinical factors, LBBAP was still associated with a decrease in LAD (−1.601, 95% CI −3.094–−0.109, p = 0.036). We conclude that LBBAP might result in more preserved echocardiographic outcomes than RVP.
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Silva, Sofia, Vitor Vale Cardoso, Lúcia Duarte, Rui Neves Carneiro, and Cristina Maria Martins Almeida. "Characterization of Five Portuguese Wastewater Treatment Plants: Removal Efficiency of Pharmaceutical Active Compounds through Conventional Treatment Processes and Environmental Risk." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 11, 2021): 7388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167388.
Abstract:
Due to the high consumption and incorrect disposal of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs), they are recognized as contaminants of emerging concern. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may be inefficient in removing PhACs, therefore discharging them into surface waters. The removal efficiencies of five WWTPs located in the south of Portugal (Alentejo) were evaluated in 2020. Twenty-six PhACs were analyzed in wastewater influents, effluents, and surface waters, upstream and downstream of the WWTPs by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass detection (UPLC-MS/MS). The most representative PhACs in influents were acetaminophen, caffeine, naproxen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac with minimum-maximum concentrations of 49–225 µg/L, 26–46 µg/L, 5.9–13 µg/L, 5.2–22 µg/L, and 1.3–2.5 µg/L, respectively. For effluents, it was acetaminophen, caffeine, and diclofenac with minimum-maximum concentrations of 0.054–7.8 µg/L, 0.084–4.8 µg/L, and 0.28–3.3 µg/L, respectively. The highest removal efficiencies were observed for acetaminophen, sulfadiazine, cortisone, testosterone, metoprolol, and propranolol (100%). The lowest removal efficiencies were observed for carbamazepine (2.7%) and diclofenac (−13.2%). The risk quotient of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac were higher than 1 for receiving waters, indicating they probably pose high risks to aquatic organisms.
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Castro, Fernanda L., Victor E. V. Geddes, Fábio L. L. Monteiro, Raphael M. D. T. Gonçalves, Loraine Campanati, Paula Pezzuto, Dominic Paquin-Proulx, et al. "MicroRNAs 145 and 148a Are Upregulated During Congenital Zika Virus Infection." ASN Neuro 11 (January 2019): 175909141985098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1759091419850983.
Abstract:
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) member of the Flaviviridae family, which has been associated with the development of the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). RNA viruses, such as flaviviruses, have been reported to exert a profound impact on host microRNAs (miRNAs). Cellular miRNAs modulated by ZIKV may help identify cellular pathways of relevance to pathogenesis. Here, we screened 754 human cellular miRNAs modulated by ZIKV infection (Brazilian PE strain) in a neuroblastoma cell line. Seven miRNAs (miR-99a*, miR-126*, miR-190b, miR-361-3p, miR-522-3p, miR-299-5p, and miR-1267) were downregulated during ZIKV infection, while miR-145 was upregulated. Furthermore, 11 miRNAs were exclusively expressed in ZIKV-infected (miR-148a, miR-342-5p, miR-598, and miR-708-3p) or mock cells (miR-208, miR-329, miR-432-5p, miR-488, miR-518b, miR-520g, and miR-767-5p). Furthermore, in silico analysis indicated that some central nervous system, cellular migration, and adhesion function-related biological processes were overrepresented in the list of target genes of the miRNAs regulated in ZIKV-infected cells, especially for miR-145 and miR-148a. The induction of miR-145 and miR-148a was confirmed in postmortem brain samples from stillborn with severe CZS. Finally, we determined the expression regulation of microcephaly related genes through RNA interference pathway caused by ZIKV directly on neuron cells.
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Yuriev Alexander, A., N. Smolyago, and O. Yakovlev. "DISPLACEMENTS IN PIVOTAL SYSTEMS OVER ELASTICITY LIMIT." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2021): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-7-3-25-31.
Abstract:
One of the provisions of the method for calculating building structures by the limiting state is the satisfaction of the operational requirements in relation to the displacements of their elements under load. An urgent problem is their determination at the stage of elastic-plastic deformation of the material. A technique is proposed for its solution for the case of the Prandtl diagram. The core system is a two-span statically indeterminate beam. Its limiting state in terms of bearing capacity, as well as an intermediate stage of deformation, are considered. The introduction of the reduced moment makes it possible to extend the Mohr-Maxwell formula beyond the limit of linear elasticity. The use of classical physical models of solid mechanics leads to the solution of the problem in an analytical form. Experiments were carried out to test the theoretical results obtained by the proposed method. In one of them, a two-span beam with a span of 50 cm and a cross section of 3×0.42 cm made of duralumin was tested. The mechanical characteristics of the material were previously obtained. Displacements were measured with the help of indicators. The maximum load (428 N) in each of the spans of the beam was 80 % of the limit value. In this case, the beam had elastic-plastic regions. The experiment revealed the dependence of displacements on the load, acceptable for the form of deformation: a linear graph with Hooke's law and a curve in the presence of plastic deformations. Deviations from theoretical values were no more than 3.3 %.
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Kuleshova, Nadezhda E., Alexander V. Vvedenskii, Elena V. Bobrinskaya, and Elena В. Rychkova. "Роль структурно-морфологического состояния поверхности платины в кинетических и термодинамических характеристиках процесса адсорбции аниона серина." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 21, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/718.
Abstract:
Исследована адсорбция аниона серина на гладком Pt и Pt(Pt)-электроде. Методом кривых заряжения получены стационарные и кинетические изотермы адсорбции. Установлено, что как на гладком, так и Pt(Pt)-электроде, кинетика исследуемых процессов подчиняется уравнению Рогинского-Зельдовича, а стационарное заполнение описывается изотермой Темкина. При этом адсорбция аниона серина на Pt(Pt) сопровождается диссоциацией адсорбата. Найдены основные термодинамические характеристики (константа адсорбционного и изменение свободной энергии Гиббса) процесса адсорбции аниона серина на обоих электродах.
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Turkina, Anna, Anatoly Golenkov, Lyudmila Napso, Irina Krylova, Tatiana Klitochenko, and Olga Senderova. "Russian Registry of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Management in Routine Clinical Practice-Local Therapy and Monitoring." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 5156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5156.5156.
Abstract:
Abstract Introduction: in the last 10 years the number of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) significantly increased. The basic principle of therapy was also changed, now it is aimed at early induction of deep response (ELN, NCCN). The treatment results in clinical practice may vary widely and depend on the effectiveness of the entire complex TKI, based on timely evaluation of residual leukemic clone. Objective: To characterize the TKI treatment results and monitoring of residual leukemic clone in clinical practice in CML patients in the Russian Federation (RF). Methods: The observational study "Russian registry of chronic myeloid leukemia management in routine clinical practice" (CSTI571ARU06 LLC) was launched in November 2011 by Novartis. Patients with Ph'+ CML were enrolled into study after signing the informed consent. Thus the study has a retrospective part (4626 patients) and prospective group of 1828 CML patients. By February 2015, the Registry contained information about 6466 patients from 110 centers of 80 regions of the RF. The annual increase of newly registered CML cases ranged from 493 to 694 people per year or 10-13% of the total number of patients included in the Registry on the treatment of CML in 2012- 2014. Characteristics of patients in the Registry: median duration of the disease was 71 months (from 0.2 to 343 months); median age at registration time and CML diagnosis was 49.5 years (range 2 - 94 years); male 43%. The biggest number of cases was diagnosing with patients aged 50-69 years old, which is 50% out of all the registered patients. It is important to note that the number of female patients aged 50 years old and older (39.1% in total, out of the overall number of CML cases) prevails the same male patients age group (25.6% of the cases). Chronic phase was in 93.6% of patients, accelerated phase and blast crisis- 5.6% and 0.6% cases, accordantly. Sokal risk group's ratio was 50%/31%/19% for low, intermediate and high risk, respectively. Results: The data for the analysis were available for 5632 patients (93% of CML patients in the Registry). The 1st line TKI therapy was Imatinib (IM)- in 4908 of the 5632 patients (87%), including the advanced phases of CML; in 71 and 14 patients the 1st line treatment was nilotinib and dasatinib respectively(totally 1%). The percentage of patients receiving TKI-2 ranged from 10 to 35% in different regions of RF. In 2006, the diagnosis CML was confirmed by the data of karyological analysis only with 42% of the patients, but it should be pointed out that currently cytogenetic and/or molecular-based analysis has been conducted at least once with 99% of the patients. Thus, the data presented in Registry of CML treatment provides grounds to state that almost all the patients have had their diagnosis verified within routine clinical practice. The presented data demonstrate the amount of work done to obtain such results during the previous ten-year period. We evaluated cytogenetic monitoring (CyM)/molecular monitoring (MM) frequency during years 2013-2014. Two or more studies per year of cytogenetic CyM/MM were done only 20% of 40 patients per year (2320 persons); with 50% (2960 in 2013, 1203 in 2014) of patients CyM/MM was performed once; no studies have been done in 489 patients in 2013 and 3580 patients in 2014. There was a trend of increasing of molecular studies to evaluate minimal residual disease:1829 MM vs 491 CyM in 2013 and 1028 MM vs 179 CyM in 2014. The absence of optimal response (ELN2013) was observed in 887 patients on different TKIs: (759patients on IM: in 732 patients with the duration of IM therapy over 12months and in 27 patients-less than 12months. Change of treatment to 2nd line was performed in 639 (12%) patients. The death occurred in 373 (6.2%) patients, no data of the living status was in 50 (0.8%) cases. According to the Registry data, death due to the CML progression was in 99 cases (26%). Conclusions: The observational study "Russian registry of chronic myeloid leukemia management in routine clinical practice" is the largest registry of hematological diseases in Russia, providing information about CML patients receiving TKI therapy more than 10 years. The introduction of information technologies to analyze a large amount of data is an essential component to improve the quality of medical care. The evaluation of therapy results can give objective information of the TKI 1st and 2nd generations requirement. Disclosures Turkina: Pfizer: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy; Novartis Pharma: Consultancy. Golenkov:Novartis: Consultancy.
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Thota, R., S. Birdsong, and S. Subbiah. "Primary genitourinary small cell carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and survival outcomes from SEER database." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2011): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.200.
Abstract:
200 Background: Small cell carcinoma of genitourinary system (SCC) is a highly aggressive and rare entity. The aim of the study is to characterize the clinicopathologic characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of SCC in adult patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 732 patents diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of bladder from 1973 to 2007 was done via SEER database. Demographics, stage, type of treatment received and cancer-specific mortality were examined. Results: 732 patients were identified with SCC of genitourinary tract of which 341 were small cell bladder cancer, 336 were small cell prostate cancer and 55 were small cell renal cancer. Of these 644 patients were males and 88 were females. Median age of diagnosis is 73 years for bladder, 72 years for prostate and 70 years for renal cancer. Majority of the patients were Caucasians (89%) followed by African Americans (6%) and other races (4.98%). Grading of the tumor revealed that 12 patients had well differentiated tumor, 18 patients had moderately differentiated tumor, 191 patients had poorly differentiated, 292 patients had undifferentiated tumor and 219 patients had unknown grade. Pathological T-stages were as follows: T1= 34 (4.6%), T2= 102 (14%), T3= 43 (9%), T4= 41 (5.6%), 38.4% unknown T stage and 67 (9%) patients had metastatic disease. In majority of the patients the treatment received was unknown (565), 90 patients received external beam radiation, and 76 patients received surgery. Cancer-specific mortality was 54% in bladder cancer, 71% in prostate cancer and 78.6% in renal cancer. Median overall survival for all stages was 15.8 months in bladder cancer, 11.3 months in prostate cancer and 8 months in renal cancer. Conclusions: Results show that SCC is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Clinical trials involving multiple institutes are needed to accrue enough patients so that treatment paradigms for this uncommon disease can be developed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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De Paepe, Katja, Lawrence Bonne, Nicos Fotiadis, Naureen Starling, Ian Chau, Marco Gerlinger, Sheela Rao, et al. "Complications and seeding risk after percutaneous liver biopsy in an oncological setting." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.246.
Abstract:
246 Background: Percutaneous biopsy of suspected liver metastases is a common practice for diagnostic purposes. Particularly, in the setting of oncological clinical trials, it is a relatively non-invasive method to obtain sufficient tissue for molecular analyses at regular set time points. However, various complications may occur, including seeding of the tumour along the biopsy tract. Only few reports exist on the actual incidence of seeding, on a limited number of tumor types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technique’s safety and risk of seeding. Methods: All patients with an ultrasound or CT-guided liver biopsy between 2012-2016 were included. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for post-biopsy complications and all follow-up imaging was re-assessed for the presence of seeding, defined as tumoral deposits in the biopsy needle tract. Results: In total 782 biopsies were performed in 550 patients (282 women, 268 men; mean age of 61 years), 43.9% (343/782) for trials and 56.1% (439/782) for diagnostic/molecular purposes, 93.7% (733/782) were diagnostic, revealing malignancy in 96.9% (710/733). Number of biopsies per patient ranged between 1 (n=387) to 7 (n=1), a co-axial system was used in 70.6% (552/782) and multiple passes in 29.4% (230/782). Complications were reported in 8.8% (69/782), more often pain (4.7%) and hypotension/vasovagal (2.3%). Admission and/or re-intervention were needed for more severe complications as bleeding (1.0%), sepsis/fever (1.1%), pulmonary embolism (0.3%) and pneumothorax (0.4%). Seeding was seen in 1.1% (8/782) of cases (2/44 melanoma, 1/11 GIST, 1/39 cholangiocarcinoma, 1/247 colorectal, 1/14 oesophagus, 1/97 breast, 1/31 prostate). Mean time for seeding was 208 days (range 43-469 d); mean post-biopsy survival time was 495 days in the seeding and 349 days in the non-seeding group. Conclusions: Percutaneous liver biopsy is a highly effective and safe method for tissue collection, with only a minimal risk of seeding.
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Vera-Llonch, Montserrat, Gerry Oster, Colleen Ford, John Lu, Irina Khazanov, and Stephen Sonis. "Oral Mucositis (OM) and Outcomes of Allogeneic (AL) Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 3126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3126.3126.
Abstract:
Abstract Background. OM is a common toxicity of conditioning regimens for HSCT that has been associated with adverse clinical and economic outcomes. Methods. A retrospective chart review study of ~400 consecutive HSCT recipients with hematologic malignancies was undertaken at a single academic center. OM severity was assessed across eight oropharyngeal sites using a validated scale which was scored as follows: no erythema/ulceration = 0; erythema only = I; ulceration one site = II; two sites = III; three sites= IV; and four or more sites = V. OM assessments began on the day of conditioning and continued bi-weekly until hospital discharge. Outcomes of interest included number of days of fever, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and parenteral narcotic therapy, incidence of Grade III or IV (Common Toxicity Criteria) infection, and inpatient days and charges. We report data here for the 281 AL HSCT recipients in the study cohort. Results. Mean age was 41 yrs. Most common diagnoses were acute (33%) and chronic (19%) myeloid leukemia. Most patients (96%) received total body irradiation. Fifty-one percent of grafts were from unrelated donors. Seventy-six percent of patients experienced OM ≥ grade II. The relationship between worst recorded grade of OM and each of the outcomes of interest is reported below. Conclusions. OM is associated with worse clinical and economic outcomes in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing AL HSCT. Outcomes of AL HSCT in patients with hematologic malignancies, by worst recorded grade of OM Worst Grade of OM (N=281) 0 I II III IV V Outcome n=34 n=33 n=70 n=60 n=43 n=41 -value p *mean, SD; **test for linear trend; Cochran-Armitage for dichotomous measures, GLM for continuous measures Fever days* 3.1 (3.0) 4.8 (4.4) 5.3 (4.9) 5.7 (4.7) 5.9 (4.7) 7.3 (4.6) <0.001 TPN days* 6.7 (7.2) 7.7 (7.8) 8.8 (7.8) 10.2 (7.8) 13.2 (7.2) 14.0 (6.2) <0.001 Narcotic days* 7.6 (6.3) 10.8 (5.0) 10.7 (7.4) 11.5 (5.1) 14.0 (6.8) 17.2 (5.0) <0.001 Infection (%) 85.3 90.9 92.9 93.3 100.0 100.0 0.002 Mortality (%) 8.8 3.0 8.6 15.0 7.0 22.0 0.042 Inpatient days* 28.1 (8.8) 30.3 (10.6) 34.5 (15.1) 32.7 (14.5) 35.9 (10.4) 42.4 (15.1) <0.001 Inpatient charges* (x 1,000 USD) 214 (102) 252 (156) 313 (251) 280 (198) 305 (140) 437 (233) <0.001
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Wu, Ching Yi, Mengliang Wu, Xin Huang, Ben J. Gu, Carole Maldonado-Codina, Philip B. Morgan, Laura E. Downie, and Holly R. Chinnery. "Topographical Distribution and Phenotype of Resident Meibomian Gland Orifice Immune Cells (MOICs) in Mice and the Effects of Topical Benzalkonium Chloride (BAK)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 9589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179589.
Abstract:
Meibomian gland orifices (MGOs) are located along the eyelid margin and secrete meibum into the tear film. The profile of resident innate immune cells (ICs) at this site is not well understood. The distribution and phenotype of resident ICs around MGOs in mice was investigated and herein defined as MGO-associated immune cells (MOICs). The effect of topical 0.1% benzalkonium chloride (BAK) on MOICs was also assessed. Eyelids from healthy CD11ceYFP and Cx3cr1gfp/gfp mice aged three or seven months were compared. ICs were identified as CD11c+, Cx3cr1+, and MHC-II+ using four-colour immunostaining and confocal microscopy. MOIC density was variable but clustered around MGOs. There were more CD11c+ MOICs in three-month-old compared with seven-month-old mice (three-month-old: 893 ± 449 cells/mm2 vs. seven-month-old: 593 ± 493 cells/mm2, p = 0.004). Along the eyelid margin, there was a decreasing gradient of CD11c+ MOIC density in three-month-old mice (nasal: 1003 ± 369 cells/mm2, vs. central: 946 ± 574 cells/mm2, vs. temporal: 731 ± 353 cells/mm2, p = 0.044). Cx3cr1-deficient mice had two-fold fewer MHC-II+ MOICs, suggesting a role for Cx3cr1 receptor signaling in meibomian gland surveillance. CD11c+ MOIC density was lower in BAK-exposed eyes compared to saline-treated controls, suggesting a change in homeostasis. This study provides novel insight into resident ICs located at MGOs, and their contribution to MG homeostasis.