Academic literature on the topic '324.7/3'

The determination of copper and zinc in soil based on the position and depth at the application land of palm oil in the Rambutan garden. Part of control land, between rorak and plant, and rorak at a depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm. Each 3 g soil sample was destructed with 10 mL of HNO3 concentrated at 180ºC for 20 minutes. Cu and Zn's content was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) at wavelength 324.7 nm and 213.9 nm, respectively. The analysis shows that Cu and Zn metal increase rorak at 84.0% and 57.7%, and soil between rorak and plant at 76.9% and 42.4%.

37 Background: Surgical resection in esophageal cancer patients remains the mainstay of therapy, but carries a considerable risk of post-operative complications. Deranged laboratory data in the early post-operative period could provide guidance in decision making for further treatment strategy. Therefore we related standard laboratory measurements on 90-day and 1-year mortality after esophagectomy. Methods: Esophagectomy with curative intent was performed in 226 consecutive patients with cancer of the esophagus between January 2000 and December 2009. Prognostic analyses for albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ALAT, ASAT, gGT, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count were performed with a Mann-Whitney U-test (p<0.05) and ROC curve (area under the curve (AUC) >0.7) for postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15. Extreme laboratory values (cutoff points) were calculated (5th or 95th percentile) in the case of significant outcomes. Results: Laboratory measurements between survivors and patients deceased within 90-days (n=16) were significantly different in the case of albumin on POD 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 (5th percentile between 10-13.02, AUC: 0.761), CRP on POD 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 228.8-324.7, AUC: 0.861) and LDH in the late postoperative period on POD 4, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 387.1-512.2, AUC: 0.864). The other laboratory values showed no systematic differences. For one-year mortality (N=36), only albumin and CRP showed to have significant differences for non-survivors: albumin on POD 10 and 15 (5th percentile between13.2-13.75, AUC: < 0.7) and CRP on POD 3, 4 and 10 (95th percentile between 220.9-319.5, AUC: < 0.7). Conclusions: Albumin and CRP are the strongest prognostic measurements in predicting 90-day and one-year mortality after esophagectomy.

Abstract Three spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of copper (Cu) in sugar cane spirit using the chromogenic reagents neocuproine, cuprizone, and bathocuproine. Experimental conditions, such as reagent concentration, reducer concentration, pH, buffer concentration, the order of addition of reagents, and the stability of the complexes, were optimized. The work range was established from 1.0 to 10.0 µg/mL, with correlation coefficients of &gt;0.999 for all three optimized methods. The methods were evaluated regarding accuracy by addition and recovery tests at five concentration levels, and the obtained recoveries ranged from 91 to 105% (n = 3). Precision was expressed as RSD (relative standard deviation), with values ranging from 0.01 to 0.17% (n = 10). The method using the chromogenic reagent cuprizone presented the greatest molar absorptivity, followed by bathocuproine and neocuproine. The methods were applied for the determination of Cu in sugar cane spirit, and the results were compared with a reference method by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Calibration curve solutions for FAAS analysis were prepared in a 40% (v/v) alcohol medium in a range of concentrations from 0.5 up to 5 µg/mL. Measurements for Cu determination were carried out at a wavelength of 324.7 nm. The concentrations obtained for Cu in sugar cane spirit samples from Brazil were between 1.99 and 12.63 µg/mL, and about 75% of the samples presented Cu concentrations above the limit established by Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg/mL or 5.0 mg/L).

To overcome the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid on the ICP OES injection system in the acid dissolution system, this paper makes some improvements based on the traditional open digestion. The improved method does not require the complete removal of hydrofluoric acid. After appropriate digestion of the sample with a mixed acid, the solution can be transferred to a colorimetric tube containing ammonium hydroxide solution to give the final volume for analysis. In this paper, two-point standard curves are plotted using soil standards and process blanks, which is not only convenient but also overcomes the interference of the matrix effect. Through continuous experiments, the preferred ratio of mixed acid is 3 mL nitric acid + 5 mL hydrofluoric acid, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 0.5%. The spectral lines of the measured elements V (292.4), Cr (283.5), Co (228.6), Ni (231.6), Cu (324.7), Zn (213.8) and Pb (220.3) were determined. The method quantification limits of the seven measured elements V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were 0.909, 4.32, 0.269, 0.261, 0.968, 3.69 and 2.64 μg g-1, respectively, and the precision was 3.5%, 5.2%, 4.8%, 2.4%, 6.1% and 4.5%, respectively. After processing six national standard materials according to the experimental method, the measured values of each measured element were basically in agreement with the certified values, indicating that this method is fully feasible for the measurement of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil. This method greatly improves the efficiency of pretreatment and is particularly suitable for analysing large batches of samples.

AbstractIn order to better understand the formation and evolution processes of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) felsic rocks, we determined the ages of various domains of zircon and monazite crystals from the diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge. According to cathodoluminescence imagery and Th/U ratios, three zircon zones were distinguished. Each was dated using several spot analyses from a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analysing Pb, U and Th isotopes. The results were: (1) core zone – 21 analyses: Th/U ≤ 40.023 and 337.0±2.7 Ma (2σ, combined 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U age); (2) diamond-bearing intermediate zone – 23 analyses: Th/U ≥ 50.037 and 336.8±2.8 Ma; and (3) rim zone – 12 analyses: Th/U = 0.015–0.038 (plus one analysis of 0.164) and 330.2±5.8 Ma. The U-Pb obtained ages are virtually concordant. Furthermore, two oscillatory zoned zircon cores (Th/U ≥ 50.8) yielded (~concordant) ages of ~400 Ma. Six SHRIMP analyses of monazites gave an age of 332.4±2.1 Ma. In addition, Pb, Th and U contents in monazite were analysed with an electron microprobe (EMP). A mean age of 324.7±8.0 (2σ) Ma was acquired from 113 analyses.By combining the defined ages with previously published P-T conditions, minimum velocities for burial and exhumation were estimated. In addition, we present a likely geodynamic scenario involving age data from the literature as well as this study: beginning 340 million years ago, gneisses at the base of a thickened continentalcrust (~1.8 GPa, 650ºC) were transported to depths of at least 130 km, possibly as deep as 250 km. Here they were heated (>1050ºC) and partially melted and as a result began to rise rapidly. The burial and subsequent ascent back to a depth of 50 km, where zircon rims and monazite formed, took only a few million years and perhaps significantly less.

Abstract Introduction “Post-acute sequelae of SARS-COV-2 infection (PASC)” is a condition with a wide range of physical and mental health consequences that are present or persist four or more weeks after SARS-COV-2 infection. Fatigue is one of the most common PASC symptoms. It is not known whether underlying OSA and sleep disturbances may influence the persistence of chronic physical, mental health and neurocognitive dysfunction post-COVID. This pilot study will systematically examine whether sleep disturbances and severity of OSA comprise modifiable facets of PASC. Methods We prospectively collected sleep quality, sleepiness, quality of life (QoL) and neurocognitive data in patients with post-COVID fatigue (PASC) and OSA, and compared with control patients with OSA but without prior COVID infection. Questionnaires were administered at baseline and after 3 months to evaluate sleep disturbances, sleepiness, and general and disease specific QoL. Cognitive testing included Trail Making Test Part A and B, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Stroop Task, Digit Coding, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-R (HVLT-R), Weschler Abbreviated Scale Intelligence II (WASI), Weschler Memory Scale IV (WSM), and Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), respectively. 6-minute walk test and COVID-infection related medical data were also collected. Results Thus far, we have enrolled 26 total participants, 16 controls (13 males, 3 females; age: 65.4±11.7 years, BMI: 35.4±12.8 kg/m2, AHI: 49.2±34.6/hr, Education:14.4±3.0 years), and10 patients with PASC (7 males, 3 females; age: 59.3±12.8 years, BMI: 31.7±8.4 kg/m2, AHI: 44.2±33.6/hr, Education:16±2.3 years).Baseline data in controls vs. PASC patients are given as: FSS Total Score: 29.8±16.7 vs. 37.9±11.2, ESS: 8.6±4.7 vs. 8.5±5.6, PROMISE Sleep Disturbance Score: 20.2±10.1 vs. 22.9±11.2, 6-Minute Walk Test Total Distance Walked: 415.5±56.8 vs. 389.1±47.2 meters, FOSQ Total Score: 16.7±3.9 vs. 17.17±3.2, HVLTR Total Recall: 88.2±14.5 vs. 83.2±16.2, WMSIV Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall: 109.2±19.8 vs. 106.2±27.7, TMT-B: 94.2±21.1 vs. 93.0±25.6, Stroop Color-Word Score: 88.7±10.7 vs. 94.5±20.1, WASI-II FISQ4 Score: 97.6±11.2 vs. 96.2±17.2, PASAT Rate 2 Correct: 38.8±25.4% vs. 33.3±33.3%, PVT Mean Reaction Time: 319.2±65.2 vs. 324.7±149.5 ms. Conclusion Our study provides preliminary data on important clinical metrics in patients with post-COVID sequelae. Additional data will allow us to determine future targets for management of PASC. Support (if any) VHA RR&D # RX004396 (SPiRE)

The use of the fresh water aquatic training course, as a more gentle training method, may allow patients to ensure effective restoration of muscle functions responsible for maintaining an upright body position. A more accurate control of the course results can be performed using a virtual analysis carried out using the «Habilect» system that allows to determine the body parts attitude. Aim. To study the effect of training in fresh water using the Habilect system based on the Microsoft Kinect infrared sensor (video stabilometry) on motor functions that contribute to maintaining an upright body posture in patients with mild gait disturbances. Material and methods. An open descriptive study was conducted including 12 patients (7 men, 5 women), aged 40 to 62 years, with upright posture maintaining disorders, which correspond to the functional diagnosis encoded by the ICF «Gait Stereotype Functions» B770.1 – mild violations (5–24%). A group of subjects (n = 12), in addition to basic therapy and training with an exercise therapy instructor, underwent aquatic training in fresh water for two weeks (30 minutes, 6 days a week). Assessment methods: the research was carried out using the Habilect gait video analysis system before and after the rehabilitation course. The χ2 test was used to assess the significance of differences between groups of qualitative variables. When analyzing quantitative variables, the Shapiro-Wilk’s (W) test was performed. For abnormal distribution, the data is in Me format [Q25-Q75]. The Wilcoxon T-test was used to assess the significance of differences in quantitative variables of the two studied groups. The processing of the obtained research results was carried out using the Statistica for Windows, v. 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA). The significance of the differences was considered established at p <0.05. Result and discussion. When examining the amplitude of body deflection along the X-axis before training, they were 3.25 cm [-98 cm; 93.9 cm], after – -9.96 cm [-100.92 cm; -81.96 cm], on the Y-axis before training – -29.01 cm [-29.01 cm; 13.76 cm], after –-30.59 cm [-30.59 cm; 31.09 cm], on the Z-axis before training – 388.1 cm [369.22 cm; 393.39 cm], after training – 380.96 cm [377.98cm, 400.05 cm], deviation of the body movement vector before training 16.45 cm [7.46 cm; 338.67 cm], after training – 324.7 cm [324.7 cm; 342.56 cm]. When examining the amplitude of head deflection along the X-axis before training, they were -0.92 cm [-1.24 cm; -0.92 cm], after – 1.5 cm [-10.19 cm; 2.38 cm], Y-axis before training – 125.33 cm [61.13 cm; 128.94 cm], after – 107.42 cm [52.49 cm; 107.42 cm], along the Z-axis before training – -8.59 cm [-8.97 cm; -5.33 cm], after training – -14.89 cm [-14.89 cm, -3.45cm]. When calculating the increase in deviation (deviations of the main body axes from the initial value) using the Wilcoxon T-test revealed statistically significant deviations in the X-axis (an increase of 306.5%, p = 0.0504), the Z-axis (an increase of 112.68%, p =0.0225) and the Body Angle parameter (an increase of 1973.86% p = 0.0323). When calculating the increase in the deviation of the head axes from the initial value using the Wilcoxon T-test, statistically significant deviations were revealed along the X axis (increase of 163.04%, p = 0.0280), the Y axis (increase of 85.71%, p = 0.0199) and the parameter Z (an increase of 173.34% p = 0.0292). The study revealed a decrease in the body axes deviations amplitude in all 3 planes, which indicates an improvement in the work of all brain parts that are responsible for the coordination of motor functions and their vegetative support, an improvement in functional interaction within individual muscle chains. The reduction in the head and neck muscles in compensatory balancing participation during walking and maintaining a vertical body posture mainly due to the muscles of the lower extremities and pelvis contributes to the prevention of arterial and venous circulation disorders in the head and neck and makes training not only more effective, but also safer. Conclusion. Due to the decrease in the amplitude of deviations along all three axes (Z, Y, X), the course of aquatic training contributes to the correction of upright posture maintaining disorders, a statistically significant decrease in the amplitude of head and neck movements.

Traditional technology for detecting heavy metals in water is time consuming and difficult and thus is not suitable for quantitative detection of large samples. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can identify multi-state (such as solid, liquid, and gas) substances simultaneously, rapidly and remotely. In this study, water samples were collected from the Ebinur Lake Basin. The water samples were subjected to LIBS to extract the characteristic peaks of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu). Most of the quantitative analysis of LIBS rarely models and estimates the heavy metal contents in natural environments and cannot quickly determine the heavy metals in field water samples. This study creatively uses the Fe and Cu contents in water samples and the characteristics of their spectral curves in LIBS for regression modelling analysis and estimates their contents in an unknown water body by using LIBS technology and a machine learning algorithm, thus improving the detection rate. The results are as follows: (1) The Cu content of the Ebinur Lake Basin is generally higher than the Fe content, the highest Fe and Cu contents found within the basin are in the Ebinur Lake watershed, and the lowest are in the Jing River. (2) A number of peaks from each sample were found of the LIBS curve. The characteristic analysis lines of Fe and Cu were finally determined according to the intensities of the Fe and Cu characteristic lines, transition probabilities and high signal-to-background ratio (S/B). Their wavelengths were 396.3 and 324.7 nm, respectively. (3) The relative percent deviation (RPD) of the Fe content back-propagation (BP) network estimation model is 0.23, and the prediction ability is poor, so it is impossible to accurately predict the Fe content of samples. In the estimation model of BP network of Cu, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.8, the root mean squared error (RMSE) is 0.1, and the RPD is 1.79. This result indicates that the BP estimation model of Cu content has good accuracy and strong predictive ability and can accurately predict the Cu content in a sample. In summary, estimation based on LIBS improved the accuracy and efficiency of Fe and Cu content detection in water and provided new ideas and methods for the accurate estimation of Fe and Cu contents in water.

Abstract Standard treatment for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma has not been established. Doxorubicin (DXR) is often administered during the initial treatment. The dosage or drugs chosen for salvage therapy are limited by DXR-induced cardiomyopathy. Pirarubicine (THP) was developed in Japan as a less cardiotoxic and highly effective anti-neoplastic drug. We previously reported that the THP-COPBLM regimen, in which THP was used instead of DXR, showed the same degree of efficacy as the COP-BLAM regimen and that cardiac sympathetic dysfunction and cardiac mitochondrial damage were less common with THP than with DXR (Leukemia12:1457, 1998). The R-EPOCT (rituximab with etoposide, vincristine, THP, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone) regimen, in which less cardiotoxic THP is used instead of DXR, with G-CSF was administered to 20 patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. The safety (especially cardiotoxicity) and efficacy of this regimen were studied. As markers of cardiotoxicity, serum troponin T and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were measured. Adverse reactions occurred in 14 of the 20 patients, and mainly consisted of grade 3/4 hematological toxicity. In the evaluation of cardiotoxicity, the BNP level was slightly elevated in 2 patients before the treatment (22.4 pg/ml and 25.6 pg/ml; normal, less than 20 pg/ml). After 4 cycles of treatment, the BNP level in these two patients increased to 26.8 pg/ml and 28.8 pg/ml, respectively, but it returned to approximately the previous level one month after completion of treatment. The troponin T level was undetectable before and after the treatment in all patients. The response rate was 100%, with complete remission in 16 patients (80%). G-CSF administration increased both FcγRI expression on neutrophils and ADCC activity. Upon G-CSF administration during the second cycle of treatment, the level of FcγR1 (CD64) expression on neutrophils increased from 60.1 ± 3.6 (MFI) before G-CSF administration to 324.7 ± 33.2 (p = 0.0005) after 9 days of administration of 2 μg/kg G-CSF. After 11 days of G-CSF administration, the level of FcγR1 expression was 346.2 ± 24.2. The expression of FcαRI (CD89) on neutrophils was examined in a similar fashion. There was no remarkable change in the level of FcαRI expression before and after G-CSF administration. We conclude that the combination of R-EPOCT and G-CSF is well-tolerated. This regimen was not cardiotoxic. We are planning a randomized trial to compare the efficacy between R-EPOCT and a combination of R-EPOCT with G-CSF.