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Tommonaro, Giuseppina, Concetta Piscitelli, Margherita Lavorgna, Marina Isidori, Chiara Russo, Rocco De Prisco, Gennaro Roberto Abbamondi, and Carmine Iodice. "ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF TOMATOES (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) ON TUMORAL CELL LINES." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY 10, no. 2 (August 7, 2017): 2061–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jab.v10i2.6187.
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To increase the knowledge about the biological properties of tomatoes, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of extracts of nine cultivars of Lycopersicon esculentum, as well as their chemical composition, were studied. The highest antioxidant capacity has been revealed in San Marzano Cirio 3 and Pomodoro Giallo cultivars, both in hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions, while San Marzano, Corbarino di Corbara, and Pomodoro Giallo exhibited the best radical scavenger activity in methanolic fraction. As regards the antiproliferative activity, the median inhibition concentrations of the lipophilic extracts ranged from 272.3 (Pomodoro Giallo) to 364.4 (Corbarino di Corbara) mg dried extract L-1 on Hep-G2 and from 324.6 (San Marzano Cirio 3) to 455.4 (Nero di Sicilia) on Caco-2. The methanolic extracts were more active on Caco-2 than Hep-G2, while the hydrophilic extracts were not active. These biological properties could be ascribed to the identified carotenoids and phenolic acids as well as to a pull of minor compounds exerting their synergistic effect.
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PALOMINO G., Lady R., Carlos M. GARCÍA P., Jesús H. GIL G., Benjamín A. ROJANO, and Diego L. DURANGO R. "DETERMINATION OF PHENOLIC CONTENT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROPOLIS FROM ANTIOQUIA (COLOMBIA)." Vitae 16, no. 3 (November 23, 2009): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.3020.
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Propolis, a natural product collected by honeybee from exudates of plants, is widely used in traditional medicine due to its known therapeutic properties. In this paper, the quality of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) from different regions of Antioquia (Colombia) is compared through the determination of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds content, and thein vitro antioxidant activity, using three assay systems: radical scavenging activity by means of the DPPH• (1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS•+ (2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid cation) assays, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Determinations of total phenolic compounds content are found between 22.11 ± 0.54 and 75.22 ± 1.35 mg GAE/g of EEP, and total content of flavonoids between 4.75 ± 0.01 y 34.50 ± 0.07 mg QE/g of EEP. The radical scavenging activity varies from 33.9 ± 9.7 to 324.6 ± 15.0, and from 455.5 ± 7.8 to 1091 ± 17.3 μmol TE/g of EEP (TEAC) in the DPPH and ABTS system, respectively. In the FRAP method, the activity is found between 40.9 ± 13.3 and 338.4 ± 22.4 μmol AAE/g of EEP (AEAC). Results show a positive linear correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity of some propolis indicates its potential role as nutraceutical.
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Wu, Haixia, Hantao Hao, Hongzhen Lei, Yan Ge, Hengtong Shi, and Yan Song. "Farm Size, Risk Aversion and Overuse of Fertilizer: The Heterogeneity of Large-Scale and Small-Scale Wheat Farmers in Northern China." Land 10, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020111.
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The excessive use of fertilizer has resulted in serious environmental degradation and a high health cost in China. Understanding the reasons for the overuse of fertilizer is critical to the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture, and large-scale operation is considered as one of the measures to deal with the excessive fertilizer use. Under the premise of fully considering the resource endowment and heterogeneity of large-scale farmers and small-scale farmers in production and management, different production decision-making frameworks were constructed. Based on the 300 large-scale farmers and 480 small-scale farmers in eight provinces of northern China wheat region, we analyzed the optimal fertilizer use amount and its deviation as well as the influencing factors of small-scale and large-scale farmers, then further clarified whether the development of scale management could solve the problem of excessive fertilizer use. The empirical results show that: (1) both small-scale farmers and large-scale farmers deviated from the optimal fertilizer application amount, where the deviation degree of optimal fertilizer application of small-scale farmers is significantly higher than that of large-scale farmers, with a deviation degree of 35.43% and 23.69% for small and large scale farmers, respectively; (2) not all wheat growers in North China had the problem of excessive use of chemical fertilizer, as the optimal level of chemical fertilizer application in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia are 346.5 kgha−1 and 335.25 kgha−1, while the actual fertilizer use amount was 337.2 kgha−1 and 324.6 kgha−1, respectively; and (3) the higher the risk aversion level, farmers tended to apply more fertilizer to ensure grain output. Therefore, increasing farm size should be integrated into actions such as improving technological innovation and providing better information transfer to achieve the goal of zero-increase in Chinese fertilizer use.
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ADARSH KUMAR, K.S. RANA, D.S. RANA, R.S. BANA, ANIL K. CHOUDHARY, and VIJAY POONIYA. "Effect of nutrient-and moisture-management practices on crop productivity, water-use efficiency and energy dynamics in rainfed maize (Zea mays) + soybean (Glycine max) intercropping system." Indian Journal of Agronomy 60, no. 1 (October 10, 2001): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v60i1.4431.
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A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2012 at New Delhi, to study the effect of cropping systems, nutrient-and moisture-management practices on productivity and water-use efficiency (WUE) of maize (Zea mays L.) + soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] intercropping system under rainfed conditions. Treatment com- prised 2 cropping systems (maize sole and paired row planting maize + soybean) and 2 moisture-management practices (control and Kaolin 6% + organic mulch) in main plots, and 4 nutrient levels, viz. control, 50% recom- mended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through vermicompost and 100% RDF in subplots of splitplot design. However, maize-equivalent yield (3.47 t/ha) was the highest under paired row planting maize + soybean. The 100% RDF registered significantly higher grain yield (2.99 t/ha) of maize over control (2.03 t/ha) and 50% RDF+ 50% RDN through FYM (2.74 t/ha), 50% RDF+ 50% RDN through vermicompost (2.85 t/ha). Paired-row planted maize + soybean also registered more consumptive use (CU) of water (331.7 mm) than sole maize (324.6 mm). Moisture-conservation practices showed considerable variation in CU. Maximum water-use efficiency (WUE) was recorded with Kaolin 6% + or- ganic mulch. Fertility levels also influenced the CU with highest value with100% RDF (330 mm) followed by 50% RDF + 50% RDN through vermicompost (329.1 mm). Significantly higher WUE was observed under paired row planted maize + soybean (10.9 kg/hamm). Cropping systems altered the soil-moisture extraction pattern in all the 3 layers (015, 1530 and 3045 cm). Energy output, energy input and energy-use efficiency was higher in paired-row planted maize + soybean, Kaolin 6% + organic mulch and 100% RDF than their respective counter- parts.
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Safiullin, N. T. "Spread of eimeriosis among calves under the conditions of south European part of Russia." Russian Journal of Parasitology 12, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2018-12-2-33-37.
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The purpose of the research: to define the degree of spread of eimeriosis among calves under the conditions of south European part of Russia. Materials and methods. The researches were carried out in 11 entities of Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory and Rostov Region in 2016-2017. The material for the researches was fecal specimen of cattle from entities of different forms of ownership. Total of 975 fecal specimen of cattle were studied. Fecal specimens were studied according to Fulleborn’s method. Invasion extensiveness (IE, %) and average number of oocysts in 1 g of feces were determined. Seasonal dynamics of infection of young stock cattle was studied by studies of fecal specimens of 38 heads in January - February, 43 heads in March - May, 64 heads during summer and 55 heads during autumn period. Influence of the stock density of calves in a pen on infection by eimeria was studied on 249 calves, among which 62 animals were kept in individual pens, 25 animals were kept in a pen for 2-5 animals, 28 calves were kept in a pen for 6-10 animals, 55 calves were kept in a pen for 11-15 animals and 75 calves were kept in a pen for 16 animals and more. Fecal specimens were studied three times. Obtained results were processed statistically. Results and discussion. Animals were infected by eimeria regardless of the type of entity. Average infection of the cattle in all tested entities was 47.43% when 180.5±8.3 samples of oocysts were found in average in 1 g of feces. In entities the infection of young stock cattle varied from 0 to 100% with maximum result at Urozhaynoe CJSC of Stavropol Territory when 362.3±9.7 samples of oocysts were found in 1 g of feces. To the fullest extent calves were infected by eimeria at the age of 3-4 months (IE 70.73%) when 364.3±8.2 samples of oocysts were found in 1 g of feces in average. Mature animals were infected minimally (IE 20.0%). Maximum animal infection was in spring and in autumn, 53.49% and 61.81% respectively when 282.3±7.5 and 324.6±8.3 samples of oocysts were available in 1 g of feces. It was established, that while rising the stocking rate of calves in the pen the eimeria infection also greatly increases. Minimal invasion was in calves which were kept in individual pens.
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Xie, Q. X., and R. Nesper. "Crystal structure of ytterbium lithium digermanide, YbLiGe2." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 219, no. 2 (June 2004): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/ncrs.2004.219.2.81.
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Cappelli, Barbara, Francoise Bernaudin, Annalisa Ruggeri, Myriam Labopin, Fernanda Volt, Belinda Pinto Simoes, Alina Ferster, et al. "Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation from HLA Identical Sibling Forsickle Cell Disease an International Survey on Behalf of Eurocord-Monacord, EBMT Paediatric Disease Working Party and CIBMTR." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.541.541.
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Abstract Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is, to date, the only curative therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD). However, HSCT is offered to relatively few patients with SCD for a number of reasons including lack of a suitable HLA-matched donor, lack of consensus on indications for HSCT, the potential for trading one chronic condition (i.e., SCD) for another, such as chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the mortality associated with the procedure. To-date, most HSCTs for SCD have utilized matched siblings as donors and are performed in children and adolescents. We report outcomes after HLA-matched sibling HSCT of patients reported to the Eurocord-Monacord/European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). Material and methods: One thousandpatients with SCD received HLA identical sibling HSCT between 1991 and 2013; n=439 from CIBMTR and n=561 from EBMT centers. HSCTs were performed in 90 centers in 23 countries. Results: Median age at HSCT was 9 years (range 1-54y); 85% of patients were aged <16 years. Approximately half of patients were female and 53% of HSCTs were performed after 2007. Most patients (94%) were homozygotes for hemoglobin S (HBS). The most common indication for HSCT was stroke. Other indications included: central nervous system event lasting longer than 24 hours, elevated cerebral arterial velocity, acute chest syndrome or vaso-occlusive crisis requiring hospitalization. Red blood cell transfusions were given before HSCT to 93% and hydroxyurea to 56% of the evaluable patients (N=510). Most HSCTs (n=872; 87%) used myeloablative-conditioning regimens, mainly based on the combination of busulfan with cyclophosphamide (n=719; 82%) or fludarabine (n=82; 9%). One hundred and twenty six patients (13%) received reduced intensity conditioning regimens; fludarabine with cyclophosphamide was the predominant regimen (n=48; 38%). Most regimens included in vivo T-cell depletion (71%) with anti-thymocyte globulin (n=630) or alemtuzumab (n=76). The predominant GVHD prophylaxis regimens were cyclosporine alone (19%), or combined with methotrexate (56%). The predominant stem cell source was bone marrow (84%); peripheral blood and cord blood were employed in 7% and 9% of patients, respectively. The median follow-up was 45 (1.1-324.6) months. The cumulative incidence (CI) of neutrophil engraftment at day+60 was 98% (96.6% for CB, 98.3% for BM and 95.2% for PB) with a median time to recovery of 19 days, while that for platelet engraftment was 98 % (96±2% for CB, 99±1% for BM and 98±9% for PBSC) with a median time to recovery of 25 days. Twenty-six patients experienced primary and 47 patients secondary graft failure; 67 patients died mainly due to GVH or infection. The 3-year probabilities of overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS, alive with engraftment) were 94% (95% CI 92-95) and 90% (95% CI 68-82), respectively. According to stem cell source, 3-year OS was 99% after CB, 94% after BM and 80% after PBS (p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, every year in age increment (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.07-1.14, p<0.001) and use of peripheral blood (HR 3.43, 95% CI 1.49-7.88, p=0.004) were associated with higher mortality. In univariate analysis, EFS was better in patients receiving myeloablative compared to reduced intensity conditioning (91±1% vs 82 ±1%, respectively; p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, EFS was lower with every year in age increment (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07, p<0.001), peripheral blood grafts (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.07-3.15, p=0.03) and HSCTs prior to 2000 (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.92, p=0.005). CI of acute GVHD grade 2-4 was 14.4% (12.2-16.7) of chronic GVH 13.3 (11-15.8). Risks of acute GVHD were higher with increasing age (HR1.04 95% CI 1.01-1.07, p=0.008). None of the variables tested were associated with chronic GVHD. Conclusion: This large registry based international study shows that HLA identical sibling transplant is successful more than 90% of the patients with severe SCD with limited transplant related complications (rejection, GVHD). Strategies aimed at lowering graft failure and GVHD are desirable to further optimize the observed 3-year event-free survival. Importantly, these data should increase awareness to early referral to HSCT of patients with severe SCD. Disclosures Walters: ViaCord and AllCells, Inc: Other: Medical director. Bertrand:ERYTECH Pharma: Consultancy. Peters:Medac: Research Funding; Fresenius: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Jazz: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Sanovi: Research Funding; Pierre-Fabre: Research Funding.
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Perangin Angin, Elsa Sucita, and Chairuddin. "Determination of Copper and Zinc Content in Soil Based on Soil Position and Depth in Palm and Rambutan Garden Area." Journal of Chemical Natural Resources 4, no. 2 (May 14, 2023): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jcnar.v4i2.11969.
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The determination of copper and zinc in soil based on the position and depth at the application land of palm oil in the Rambutan garden. Part of control land, between rorak and plant, and rorak at a depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm. Each 3 g soil sample was destructed with 10 mL of HNO3 concentrated at 180ºC for 20 minutes. Cu and Zn's content was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) at wavelength 324.7 nm and 213.9 nm, respectively. The analysis shows that Cu and Zn metal increase rorak at 84.0% and 57.7%, and soil between rorak and plant at 76.9% and 42.4%.
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Johnson, Mark S., and Johannes Lehmann. "Double-funneling of trees: Stemflow and root-induced preferential flow." Écoscience 13, no. 3 (January 2006): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/i1195-6860-13-3-324.1.
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Li, Lin-Zhen, Liang Chen, Yang-Li Tu, Xiang-Jie Dai, Sheng-Jia Xiao, Jing-Shan Shi, Yong-Jun Li, and Xiao-Sheng Yang. "Six New Phenolic Glycosides from the Seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity." Molecules 28, no. 17 (September 4, 2023): 6426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176426.
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Plant-derived phytochemicals have recently drawn interest in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). The seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. are widely used in food and herbal medicine for their health-promoting properties against various diseases, including DM, but many of their effective constituents are still unknown. In this study, 6 new phenolic glycosides, moringaside B–G (1–6), together with 10 known phenolic glycosides (7–16) were isolated from M. oleifera seeds. The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) data analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 2 and 3 were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 2 and 3 especially are combined with a 1,3-dioxocyclopentane moiety at the rhamnose group, which are rarely reported in phenolic glycoside backbones. A biosynthetic pathway of 2 and 3 was assumed. Moreover, all the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. Compounds 4 and 16 exhibited marked activities with IC50 values of 382.8 ± 1.42 and 301.4 ± 6.22 μM, and the acarbose was the positive control with an IC50 value of 324.1 ± 4.99 μM. Compound 16 revealed better activity than acarbose.
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Han, Young Min, In Sook Kim, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Kevin Choe, and Hye Hyun Yoo. "In VitroEvaluation of the Effects ofEurycoma longifoliaExtract on CYP-Mediated Drug Metabolism." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/631329.
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Eurycoma longifolia(Simaroubaceae) is a popular folk medicine that has traditionally been used in Southeast Asia as an antimalarial, aphrodisiac, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial and in antipyretic remedies. This study evaluates the effects ofEurycoma longifoliaextract on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-mediated drug metabolism to predict the potential for herb-drug interactions. Methanolic extract ofE. longifoliaroot was tested at concentrations of 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 µg/mL in human liver microsomes or individual recombinant CYP isozymes. The CYP inhibitory activity was measured using the cocktail probe assay based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.E. longifoliashowed weak, concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2C19. The inhibitory effects on these CYP isozymes were further tested using individual recombinant CYP isozymes, showing IC50values of 324.9, 797.1, and 562.9 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion,E. longifoliaslightly inhibited the metabolic activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2C19 but this issue requires careful attention in taking herbal medicines or dietary supplements containingE. longifoliaextracts.
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Rusdianto, Rusdianto, Syachrul Ivandi, Tri Kusmita, and Ilhafurroihan Apriliazmi. "Pengukuran Kualitas Air Limbah Sawit Berdasarkan Baku Mutu Air Limbah Menggunakan AAS." Jurnal Riset Fisika Indonesia 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/jrfi.v4i1.3554.
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Palm oil industry waste is waste generated from the palm oil processing process. Palm oil liquid waste generally contains heavy metals, one of which is Cu and Zn. The presence of excessive Cu and Zn heavy metals can have a negative impact on living things and the surrounding environment. In this journal, the determination of the heavy metal content of Cu and Zn in palm oil wastewater was carried out using the AAS method with acetylene gas at a wavelength of 324.8 nm to determine the content of Cu metal content and at a wavelength of 213.9 nm to determine the Zn metal content. The results of determining the content of heavy metals Cu and Zn in sempel 1, 2 and 3 contained in palm oil wastewater which are still below the maximum limit of the quality standards obtained, namely less than 2 ppm for Cu metal and less than 5 ppm for Zn metal. utilized by living things and the surrounding environment.
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Ramanan, G., Norman Gee, and Gordon R. Freeman. "Electron energy loss in fluids: Thermalization distances in liquid and gaseous sulfur hexafluoride." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-130.
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Ionizing radiation passing through a fluid produces an ion–electron pair by knocking an electron off a molecule. The electron possesses excess energy, which it loses in collisions with molecules as it moves away from the ion. These are stochastic processes. The distance travelled during thermalization determines the probability that the electron ultimately escapes the Coulombic field of the ion to form freely diffusing ions. Free-ion yields were measured in X-irradiated sulfur hexafluoride at 5.7 ≤ d(kg m−3) ≤ 1860, corresponding to the vapor and liquid at 202.8 ≤ T(K) ≤ 324.1. (The critical fluid has dc = 730 kg m−3 and Tc = 318.7 K). The electric field dependence of the yield was best fitted using an electron thermalization distance distribution function F(y) that was Gaussian with a power tail. The most probable thermalization distance bGP was estimated at each density. The density-normalized electron-thermalizing ability of the fluid decreased with increasing gas density and was independent of density in the liquid phase. The dependence is different from those observed in hydrocarbons and might reflect a density effect on the energy dependence of the electron-attachment reaction.
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Ma, Tao, Qing Xuan Zeng, Ming Yu Li, and Tao Wang. "Fabrication and Characterization of Al/Ni Multilayer Films." Advanced Materials Research 1088 (February 2015): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1088.76.
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Self-propagating exothermic formation reactions have been intensively studied in a variety of reactive multilayer films, which typically include alternating layers of two or more reactants. Here, we introduce a reactive multilayer film which contains a thermite reaction between Ni and Al.Al/Ni multilayer films which were composed of alternate Al and Ni layers were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering.The total thickness of each films was approximately 1.2 μm having bilayer thicknesses of 60, 100, 150 nm. Each bilayer consisted of an aluminum layer and a nickel layer in a 3:2 thickness ratio to maintain an overall 1:1 atomic composition.Meanwhile, Al/Ni multilayer films with the bilayer thickness of 60 nmwas prepared. In each bilayer, the thickness ratio of Al to Ni was maintained at 1:2 to obtain an overall 1:3 atomic composition.The total thickness of Al/Ni multilayer films was around 1.2 μm.DSC curves show that the values of heat release in Al/Ni multilayer films with bilayer thicknesses of 60 (Al:Ni), 100 (Al:Ni), 150 (Al:Ni) and 60 (Al:3Ni) nm are 324.63 Jg-1, 348.51 Jg-1, 400.45 Jg-1 and 69.85 Jg-1, respectively. XRD measurements show that the final products of exothermic reactions with Al:Ni atomic ratio of 1:1 and 1:3 are the compound of AlNi and AlNi3, respectively.
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Lelet, Maxim I., Marina V. Charykova, Astrid Holzheid, Brendan Ledwig, Vladimir G. Krivovichev, and Evgeny V. Suleimanov. "A Calorimetric and Thermodynamic Investigation of the Synthetic Analogue of Mandarinoite, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O." Geosciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2018): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8110391.
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Thermophysical and thermochemical calorimetric investigations were carried out on the synthetic analogue of mandarinoite. The low-temperature heat capacity of Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) was measured using adiabatic calorimetry between 5.3 and 324.8 K, and the third-law entropy was determined. Using these Cp,mo(T) data, the third law entropy at T = 298.15 K, Smo, is calculated as 520.1 ± 1.1 J∙K–1∙mol–1. Smoothed Cp,moT values between T → 0 K and 320 K are presented, along with values for Smo and the functions [HmoT-Hmo0] and [ΦmoT-Φmo0]. The enthalpy of formation of Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) was determined by solution calorimetry with HF solution as the solvent, giving ΔfHmo(298 К, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O, cr) = –3124.6 ± 5.3 kJ/mol. The standard Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) at T = 298 K can be calculated on the basis on ΔfHmo(298 К) and ΔfSmo(298 К): ΔfGmo(298 К, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O, cr) = ‒2600.8 ± 5.4 kJ/mol. The value of ΔfGm for Fe2(SeO3)3·5H2O(cr) was used to calculate the Eh–pH diagram of the Fe–Se–H2O system. This diagram has been constructed for the average contents of these elements in acidic waters of the oxidation zones of sulfide deposits. The behaviors of selenium and iron in the surface environment have been quantitatively explained by variations of the redox potential and the acidity-basicity of the mineral-forming medium. These parameters precisely determine the migration ability of selenium compounds and its precipitation in the form of solid phases.
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Alfian, Zul, and Fristiwayuni Dara Silvia. "Reduction of Metal Density of Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) Using Corn Active Archarge and Commercial Active Archarge on Water from a Bali Well." Journal of Chemical Natural Resources 6, no. 1 (May 20, 2024): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jcnar.v6i1.16223.
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Through the use of commercial and cassava peel activated charcoal, research was done on how to lower the levels of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in well water that had been excavated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to conduct the activated charcoal test. The samples were collected from the wells of individuals residing in Kelurahan Sumber Karya Binjai Timur. Water samples were treated with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and decomposed. The concentration of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) was determined before and after adding activated charcoal made from cassava peel and commercially available activated charcoal, with masses of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g. This was done using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) at specific wavelengths of 248.3 nm for Fe and 324.8 nm for Cu. The research findings indicate a decrease in iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) concentration before and after. The amount of activated charcoal made from cassava peel was varied from 1g to 5g. As the mass increased, the iron (Fe) concentration fell by 94.08%, 97.53%, 99.01%, 99.10%, and 99.07% respectively. The copper (Cu) content was reduced by 92.73%, 96.36%, 96.36%, 98.48%, and 97.12%. For commercial activated charcoal with varying masses of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 grams, the concentration of iron (Fe) was reduced by 0.27%, 52.41%, 72.70%, 98.85%, and 98.09%, respectively. The copper (Cu) content reduced by 32.22%, 71.25%, 95.31%, 98.18%, and 96.06%.
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Dance, A., J. Thundathil, R. Wilde, P. Blondin, and J. Kastelic. "261 HIGH NUTRITION DURING EARLY LIFE IMPROVES REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BULLS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab261.
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The objective was to determine effects of early-life nutrition on reproductive potential of Holstein bulls. Twenty-six bull calves were randomly allotted to 3 groups and fed ~70, 100, or 130% of National Research Council recommendations for both energy and protein from 2 to 31 wk; thereafter, all were fed a 100% diet (adequate vitamins and minerals were constantly available) until slaughter (72 wk). Growth rate, scrotal circumference, and paired testis volume were determined every 4 wk during the differential feeding period. Once scrotal circumference reached 26 cm, semen collection was attempted (to confirm puberty). Post-pubertal semen quality was monitored; once bulls were producing 70% morphologically normal sperm, semen was cryopreserved (programmable freezer). These semen samples (3 bulls per group and 3 ejaculates per bull) were used in an IVF system to determine the fertilizing ability of sperm and developmental competence of resulting embryos. In the low-, medium-, and high-nutrition groups, respectively, bulls were 369.3 ± 14.1, 327.4 ± 9.5, and 324.3 ± 11.7 days at puberty; their paired testes weights were 561.6 ± 23.1, 611.1 ± 59.1, and 727 ± 33.0 g; cleavage rates were 68.0 ± 8.7, 77.1 ± 3.5, and 68.7 ± 4.5%; and blastocyst rates were 31.5 ± 5.6, 41.4 ± 4.9, and 33.7 ± 4.6% (no significant differences among the 3 nutrition groups for rates of cleavage or blastocyst formation). We concluded that early-life supplementation of energy and protein hastened puberty (P < 0.05) and increased testicular size (P < 0.05), without compromising sperm fertilizing ability. Therefore, feeding dairy bull calves a high plane of nutrition early in life is recommended as a management strategy to improve their reproductive potential.
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Mansingh, Ajai, and Llewellyn F. Rhodes. "Residual toxicity of various insecticidal formulations to the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Scolytidae: Coleoptera)." Insect Science and Its Application 6, no. 2 (April 1985): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400006652.
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AbstractThe persistence of 34 formulations in the green (G) and red (R) berries of C. arabica var. typica, infested with female adult H. hampei were assayed by a dip-technique. The 3-day LC50 values in G and R (figures in parentheses) berries for thiodan EC 35 were 0.00284 (0.00327), and the relative ratio of values for other formulations were: perfekthion 1.2 (2.1) > carbicron 1.6 (2.3) > basudin 3.5 (3.2) > actellic 4.0 (3.6) > decis 4.1 (3.7) > thiodan EC 3 4.2 (4.2) > bidrin 5.8 (5.0) > malathion 5.8 (5.1) > lindane 5.8 (5.6) > ciodrin 5.9 (5.6) > folimat 6.0 (6.0) > belmark 6.2 (6.3) > aldicarb 8.0 (9.7) > nexion 11.0 (12.0)>kelthane 13.5 (15.4) > tiovel 14.6 (16.3) > dursban 15.6 (22.0) > chlordane 17.8 (23.8) > methomyl 21.5 (24.3) > aldrin 25.1 (24.9) > supona 27.2 (26.5) > dimilin 29.0 (27.5) > methoxychlor 31.7 (92.2) > chlorfenvinphos 35.8 (92.5) > dieldrin 41.2 (93.8) > phosdrin 65.0 (94.7)>sevin 104.2 (118.0)> nexagan 106.4 (121.9) > bimarit 196.4 (301.7) > azodrin 271.2 (410.4) > fenitrothion 448.3 (417.0) > chlorpyrifos 448.8 (614.3) > gardona 514.6 (703.1), -fold more than the thiodan EC 35 values.The 7-day LC50 values for 29 formulations were ca 10–82% less than those of the 3-day values; the decrease in the values for leading formulations being thiodan EC 35 13.4 (8.3), perfekthion 6.5 (39.9), carbicron 12.4 (10.6), thiodan EC 324.3 (16.4), malathion 35.2 (25.7), lindane 82.1 (76.9) and tiovel 59.6 (67). The values for the 17 least toxic formulations (except dimilin and bimarit) showed ca 27–88% decrease during the last 4 days of observations.
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Bosch, Dirk, Maarten Nijsten, and John Theodorus Plukker. "Laboratory values and their relationship with short- and long-term outcome following transthoracic esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.37.
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37 Background: Surgical resection in esophageal cancer patients remains the mainstay of therapy, but carries a considerable risk of post-operative complications. Deranged laboratory data in the early post-operative period could provide guidance in decision making for further treatment strategy. Therefore we related standard laboratory measurements on 90-day and 1-year mortality after esophagectomy. Methods: Esophagectomy with curative intent was performed in 226 consecutive patients with cancer of the esophagus between January 2000 and December 2009. Prognostic analyses for albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ALAT, ASAT, gGT, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count were performed with a Mann-Whitney U-test (p<0.05) and ROC curve (area under the curve (AUC) >0.7) for postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15. Extreme laboratory values (cutoff points) were calculated (5th or 95th percentile) in the case of significant outcomes. Results: Laboratory measurements between survivors and patients deceased within 90-days (n=16) were significantly different in the case of albumin on POD 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 (5th percentile between 10-13.02, AUC: 0.761), CRP on POD 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 228.8-324.7, AUC: 0.861) and LDH in the late postoperative period on POD 4, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 387.1-512.2, AUC: 0.864). The other laboratory values showed no systematic differences. For one-year mortality (N=36), only albumin and CRP showed to have significant differences for non-survivors: albumin on POD 10 and 15 (5th percentile between13.2-13.75, AUC: < 0.7) and CRP on POD 3, 4 and 10 (95th percentile between 220.9-319.5, AUC: < 0.7). Conclusions: Albumin and CRP are the strongest prognostic measurements in predicting 90-day and one-year mortality after esophagectomy.
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Krivovichev, S. V., and P. C. Burns. "Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates. III. Crystal structures of Pb3O2(CO3) and NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2." Mineralogical Magazine 64, no. 6 (December 2000): 1077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646100549896.
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AbstractThe crystal structures of synthetic Pb3O2(CO3) and NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2, have been solved by direct methods and refined to R = 0.062 and 0.024, respectively. Pb3O2(CO3) is orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 22.194(3), b = 9.108(1), c = 5.7405(8) Å, V = 1160.4(3) Å3, Z = 8. There are four symmetrically distinct Pb2+ cations in irregular coordination polyhedra due to the effect of stereoactive s2 lone electron pairs. The structure is based upon double [O2Pb3] chains of [O(1)Pb4] and [O(2)Pb4] oxocentred tetrahedra and CO3 groups. The [O2Pb3] chains are parallel to the c axis, whereas the CO3 groups are parallel to the (010) plane. NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2 is hexagonal, P63mc, a = 5.276(1), c = 13.474(4)Å, V = 324.8(1) Å3, Z = 2 and has been solved by direct methods. There are two symmetrically distinct Pb2+ cations in asymmetric coordination polyhedra due to the effect of stereoactive s2 lone-electron pairs. The single symmetrically unique Na+ cation is in trigonal prismatic coordination. The structure is based on hexagonal sheets of Pb atoms. Within these sheets, Pb atoms are located at vertices of a 36 net, such that each Pb atom has six adjacent Pb atoms that are ~5.3 Å away. Two sheets are stacked in a close-packing arrangement, forming layers that contain the (CO3) groups. The layers are linked by OH groups that are linearly coordinated by two Pb2+ cations. Na+ cations are located between the layers. The structure is closely related to the structures of other lead hydroxide carbonates (leadhillite, macphersonite, susannite, hydrocerussite, ‘plumbonacrite’).
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Green, Robert A. "Discussion of “ Need for “Professional” Education for Professional Engineers ” by T. E. Fenske and S. M. Fenske (October, 1990, Vol. 116, No. 4)." Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 118, no. 3 (July 1992): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1052-3928(1992)118:3(324.2).
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Semassa, A. J., S. W. Padonou, V. B. Anihouvi, N. H. Akissoé, A. Adjanohoun, and L. Baba-Moussa. "Diversité Variétale, Qualité Et Utilisation Du Maïs (Zea Mays) En Afrique De l’Ouest : Revue Critique." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 18 (June 29, 2016): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n18p197.
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Maize (Zea mays) is a cereal cultivated through all the region of the world. Its constitutes one of the cereals the most used for human consumption. The current review focused on the diversity, the nutritional quality and the forms of use of maize in West Africa region. The review allowed to notice that more than twenty varieties of maize were cultivated in Bénin and in the sub-region. With regard to nutritional aspect, those different varieties of maize contained variable amounts of starch (64-78%), fat (4- 6%), protein (7-12%), crude fibers (2-2.5%), ash (1-1.5%) and sugar (1-3%). Potassium (324.8-344 mg /100g), magnesium (107.9-115 mg/100g) and phosphorus (99,6-276 mg/100g) were the main mineral in maize. Likewise, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophane and valine all contained in the germ were the main amino acids in maize. These chemical components can be alone or in a possible synergy of action responsible for numerous technological advantages of maize. Through its chemical and technological characteristics the maize constitutes an important raw material for many culinary recipes in West Africa region. So it is important to make the inventory of the main varieties cultivated in the sub-region, to compare them at both nutritional and technological aspects for prospective actions to undertake in order to improve the yield of these varieties and to guarantee food security for the populations.
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Galea, Joseph, Naomi Rebuck, Adam Finn, Alex Manché, and Neil Moat. "Expression of soluble endothelial adhesion molecules in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass." Perfusion 13, no. 5 (September 1998): 314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919801300506.
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Soluble endothelial adhesion molecule expression in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was investigated. Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury plays an important role in CPB-induced organ dysfunction. The adhesion of neutrophil to the endothelium is central to this process. It has been well documented that CPB induces neutrophil activation and changes in neutrophil adhesion molecule expression, but the effect of CPB on endothelial cell activation is not known. This study was designed to measure soluble endothelial adhesion molecules during CPB. We made serial measurements (by specific enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) of plasma levels of the soluble endothelial adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in patients undergoing routine CPB ( n =7) and in a control group (thoracotomy, n = 3). The results show an initial significant decrease during CPB followed by an increase in plasma E-selectin from 29.3 ± 5.1 ng/ml (mean ± SEM) prebypass to 34.0 ± 5.4 ng/ml at 48 h postbypass. Likewise, plasma ICAM-1 significantly decreased during CPB and then increased from 246.3 ± 38.0 ng/ml before bypass to 324.8 ± 25.0 ng/ml and 355.0 ± 23.0 ng/ml at 24 and 48 h after bypass, respectively. The rise in levels is statistically significant ( p < 0.05). This study shows a decrease in circulating ICAM-1 and soluble E-selectin during CPB and an increase in their levels at 48 h after CPB.
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Hohmann, Erik, and Reino Pieterse. "Temporary Incapacitation Rates and Permanent Loss of Medical License in Commercial Airline Pilots." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 94, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.6071.2023.
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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to report the temporary loss of medical license and pilot incapacitations in the United Arab Emirates from 2018–2021.METHOD: The General Civil Aviation Authority database was searched for all reported temporary suspensions of license between 2018–2021 and the ICD-10 codes were extracted.RESULTS: A total of 1233 incapacitations was reported with a mean license suspension of 148.4 ± 276.8 d. The mean days of suspension for the various medical specialties were 115.2 ± 188.4 for musculoskeletal conditions (N = 392), 189.3 ± 324.8 for medicine (N = 335), 101.6 ± 231.4 for surgery, 109.4 ± 223.5 for urology (N = 93), 90.3 ± 128.7 for ophthalmology (N = 68), 385.6 ± 594.3 for psychiatry (N = 61), 150.4+285.9 for ENT (N = 59), 419.4 ± 382.6 for obstetrics and gynecology (N = 30), and 44.9+39 for dermatology (N = 21). Permanent suspensions were as follows: total N = 100 (8.1%), musculoskeletal N = 13 (3.3%), medicine N = 37 (11%), surgery N = 10 (5.7%), urology N = 10 (10.7%), ophthalmology N = 2 (2.9%), psychiatry N = 20 (32.8%), ENT N = 1 (1.7%), obstetrics and gynecology N = 4 (13.1%), and dermatology N = 3 (14.3%).DISCUSSION: Musculoskeletal conditions are the most common reason for temporary loss of medical license followed by medical and surgical conditions. The least common reason was dermatological conditions. The longest period of incapacitation was associated with psychiatric conditions followed by medical and ENT conditions. The annual calculated temporary incapacitation rate was 2.8% and the permanent suspension rate was 0.25%.Hohmann E, Pieterse R. Temporary incapacitation rates and permanent loss of medical license in commercial airline pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(3):113–121.
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Soares, Sarah Adriana R., Silvânio Silvério L. Costa, Rennan Geovanny O. Araujo, Leonardo Sena Gomes Teixeira, and Alailson Falcão Dantas. "Comparison of Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Copper in Sugar Cane Spirit." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0154.
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Abstract Three spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of copper (Cu) in sugar cane spirit using the chromogenic reagents neocuproine, cuprizone, and bathocuproine. Experimental conditions, such as reagent concentration, reducer concentration, pH, buffer concentration, the order of addition of reagents, and the stability of the complexes, were optimized. The work range was established from 1.0 to 10.0 µg/mL, with correlation coefficients of >0.999 for all three optimized methods. The methods were evaluated regarding accuracy by addition and recovery tests at five concentration levels, and the obtained recoveries ranged from 91 to 105% (n = 3). Precision was expressed as RSD (relative standard deviation), with values ranging from 0.01 to 0.17% (n = 10). The method using the chromogenic reagent cuprizone presented the greatest molar absorptivity, followed by bathocuproine and neocuproine. The methods were applied for the determination of Cu in sugar cane spirit, and the results were compared with a reference method by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Calibration curve solutions for FAAS analysis were prepared in a 40% (v/v) alcohol medium in a range of concentrations from 0.5 up to 5 µg/mL. Measurements for Cu determination were carried out at a wavelength of 324.7 nm. The concentrations obtained for Cu in sugar cane spirit samples from Brazil were between 1.99 and 12.63 µg/mL, and about 75% of the samples presented Cu concentrations above the limit established by Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg/mL or 5.0 mg/L).
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FERRERE, Paula, and Ana M. LUPI. "How much carbon do Argentine Pampas Pinus radiata plantations store?" Forest Systems 32, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): e005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2023321-19703.
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Aim of study: To quantify the biomass and carbon stored in the main ecosystem components in Pinus radiata D. don plantations across an age sequence in the Pampean region of Argentina.
Area of study: Plantations were established on non-agricultural land, southeast of the province of Buenos Aires.
Material and methods: Fourteen sites were selected of Pinus radiata plantations, 9-, 13-, 15-, 19- and 21-years-old, in a first forest rotation. Forty-two trees were destructively sampled, allometric functions were set and biomass was estimated for the different compartments (needles, branches, stem). Root biomass was estimated from equations adjusted by the sampling of twenty-four trees. At 4 sites, C-stock was determined in the tree component, in the forest floor and understory, and soil organic carbon (SOC) was determined to a 50 cm depth.
Main results: C-stock in the tree component increased with stand age, whereas SOC and C-stock in the forest floor and understory were not related to stand age. The system-level C-stock was 273.1, 263.7, 269.7 and 324.1 Mg ha-1 for the 9-, 13-, 19- and 21-year-old stands. On average, 9% of the total system-level C-stock was in the soil, while 28% was in the tree biomass and 3% was in the forest floor and understory.
Research highlights: The forestry component contributed to C sequestration with no changes in SOC-stocks reserves for the age range studied.
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Trotman, Audrey A., P. David, D. Mortley, and J. Seminara. "IMPACT OF NUTRIENT REPLENISHMENT ON HYDROPONIC SWEETPOTATO CULTURE." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 761d—761. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.761d.
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In a greenhouse experiment, the effect of the addition of higher levels of potassium (K) in the replenishment stock used to supply nutrients in a nutrient film technique system was examined. For this study, `TU-82-155' sweetpotato was grown hydroponically for 120 days under four nutrient application/replenishment treatments: 1) REG—solution was changed at 14-day intervals and volume allowed to fluctuate; 2) MHH—replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution (MHH) or with water to regain set volume (30.4 liters) and maintain set point of electrical conductivity (EC, 1050–1500 μmho); 3) MHH + 2K—daily replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution (MHH) or with water to regain the set volume and adjust EC to 1400 followed by application of 50 ml of a 2K stock solution to an EC of 1500; 4) MHH/2K—replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution that incorporated the 2K component or with water to regain set volume (30.4 liters) and maintain set point of electrical conductivity (EC, 105–1500 μmho). The storage root yield (g fresh weight per plant) was significantly higher when the 2K treatment was incorporated with the 10× MHH stock. The storage root yield averaged 324.8 g/plant compared with a yield of 289.6 and 252.9 g/plant, respectively, for the REG and MHH nutrient application protocol. As in earlier experiments, the MHH treatment was comparable to the REG protocol, validating the use of a replenishment approach for nutrient supply in hydroponic sweetpotato culture.
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Al-Sakran, Lina H., Ruth Ann Marrie, David F. Blackburn, Katherine B. Knox, and Charity D. Evans. "Establishing the Incidence and Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 45, no. 3 (March 20, 2018): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2017.301.
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AbstractObjective: To validate a case definition of multiple sclerosis (MS) using health administrative data and to provide the first province-wide estimates of MS incidence and prevalence for Saskatchewan, Canada. Methods: We used population-based health administrative data between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2015 to identify individuals with MS using two potential case definitions: (1) ≥3 hospital, physician, or prescription claims (Marrie definition); (2) ≥1 hospitalization or ≥5 physician claims within 2 years (Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System [CCDSS] definition). We validated the case definitions using diagnoses from medical records (n=400) as the gold standard. Results: The Marrie definition had a sensitivity of 99.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.3-99.2), specificity of 98.5% (95% CI 97.3-100.0), positive predictive value (PPV) of 99.5% (95% CI 97.2-100.0), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.5% (95% CI 94.4-99.2). The CCDSS definition had a sensitivity of 91.0% (95% CI 81.2-94.6), specificity of 99.0% (95% CI 96.4-99.9), PPV of 98.9% (95% CI 96.1-99.9), and NPV of 91.7% (95% CI 87.2-95.0). Using the more sensitive Marrie definition, the average annual adjusted incidence per 100,000 between 2001 and 2013 was 16.5 (95% CI 15.8-17.2), and the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MS in Saskatchewan in 2013 was 313.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 303.0-324.3). Over the study period, incidence remained stable while prevalence increased slightly. Conclusion: We confirm Saskatchewan has one of the highest rates of MS in the world. Similar to other regions in Canada, incidence has remained stable while prevalence has gradually increased.
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Wang, Jiahan, Junqiao Long, Feng Yang, Xiujin Yang, Wenguang Jiao, and Cheng Huang. "Open acid dissolution—Ammonia solution extraction—ICP OES rapid determination of 7 trace metal elements in soil." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (October 10, 2023): e0292168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292168.
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To overcome the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid on the ICP OES injection system in the acid dissolution system, this paper makes some improvements based on the traditional open digestion. The improved method does not require the complete removal of hydrofluoric acid. After appropriate digestion of the sample with a mixed acid, the solution can be transferred to a colorimetric tube containing ammonium hydroxide solution to give the final volume for analysis. In this paper, two-point standard curves are plotted using soil standards and process blanks, which is not only convenient but also overcomes the interference of the matrix effect. Through continuous experiments, the preferred ratio of mixed acid is 3 mL nitric acid + 5 mL hydrofluoric acid, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 0.5%. The spectral lines of the measured elements V (292.4), Cr (283.5), Co (228.6), Ni (231.6), Cu (324.7), Zn (213.8) and Pb (220.3) were determined. The method quantification limits of the seven measured elements V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were 0.909, 4.32, 0.269, 0.261, 0.968, 3.69 and 2.64 μg g-1, respectively, and the precision was 3.5%, 5.2%, 4.8%, 2.4%, 6.1% and 4.5%, respectively. After processing six national standard materials according to the experimental method, the measured values of each measured element were basically in agreement with the certified values, indicating that this method is fully feasible for the measurement of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil. This method greatly improves the efficiency of pretreatment and is particularly suitable for analysing large batches of samples.
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Panagiotopoulou, Foteini-Vasiliki, Yiannis Michailidis, Athanasios Mandroukas, Aris Mavropoulos, Vasilios Tsimaras, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Kosmas Christoulas, and Thomas Metaxas. "Match Running Performance Profile and Heart Rate Response in Amputee Soccer Players." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 14 (July 13, 2023): 6357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146357.
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was (a) to create a profile of the running performances of male amputee soccer players in different speed zones, (b) to investigate the relationship between heart rate (HR) and running distance in two soccer matches, and (c) to study the effect of the level of amputation on the running distance covered during a match. Material and Methods: The participants were male amputee soccer players (n = 10, Greek, n = 5; Belgian, n = 5) who played two international, friendly matches. Distances were measured using a global positioning system, and HRs were recorded using a Polar Team Pro. Results: No differences in the distances covered were observed between participants with different levels of amputation (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, there was a trend that participants with a below-the-knee amputation tended to cover longer distances in total (difference +262.3 m, Cohen’s d = 0.40) and in zones 2 (+324.4 m, d = 0.79), 3 (+ 7.1 m, d = 0.65), 4 (+22.7 m, d = 0.43), and 5 (+0.4 m, d = 0.20) and less distance in zone 1 (−207.2 m, d = 0.88). They also tended to perform more accelerations (+3.9, d = 0.89) and decelerations (+4.2, d = 0.87) and had a higher mean HR (+8.4%, d = 2.04) than those with an above-the-knee amputation. Moreover, the mean HR corresponded to 83.3% of the HRmax and did not correlate with distance in any speed zone. Conclusions: It was concluded that the level of amputation might influence running performance and acute physiological response during a soccer match.
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Jordan, José A., Juan Carlos Llibre, Frank Vázquez, Raúl Rodríguez, José A. Prince, and José Carlos Ugarte. "Predictors of Hemorrhagic Complications from Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations." Interventional Neuroradiology 20, no. 1 (January 2014): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15274/inr-2014-10011.
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Post-embolization hemorrhage is the most severe, dramatic and morbidity-mortality-related complication in the treatment of endovascular arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The objective of this study was to determine predictive factors of post-embolization hemorrhage. This is a retrospective study in 71 patients with cerebral AVMs having undergone 147 embolization sessions with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA), carried out between 2006 and 2011. Clinical-demographic, morphological and treatment data as well as results were recorded. The relationship of post-procedure hemorrhage with demographic and morphological factors, percentage devascularization per session, venous drainage and whether or not post-procedure hypotension had been induced was investigated. Six post-embolization hemorrhages occurred, all in sessions characterized by extensive devascularization without the induction of post-procedure hypotension; which disappeared after a limit to the extent of devascularization per session and post-procedure hypotension were introduced. In the multivariate analysis, hemorrhage predictors were: nidus diameter < 3 cm (OR= 45.02; CI=95%:1.17–203.79; P=0.005); devascularization > 40% (OR=32.4; CI=95%: 3.142–518.6; P=0.009) per session; intranidal aneurysms (OR=7.5; CI=95%:1.19–341.3; P=0.041) and lack of post-procedure hypotension (OR=16.51; CI=95%:1.81–324.4; P=0.049) and the association of sessions with devascularization exceeding 40% with lack of post-procedure hypotension, showed an increase in the risk of hemorrhage (OR=36.4; CI=95%:3.67–362.4; P=0.002). Extensive devascularization and the absence of post-procedure hypotension increase the risk of hemorrhage. We suggest partial, 25–30%, devascularization per session and the induction of post-procedure hypotension, which produces a 20% decrease of the basal mean arterial pressure (MAP).
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Valenzuela López, Marino, Leopoldo Partida Ruvalcaba, Tomás Díaz Valdés, Teresa De Jesús Velázquez Alcaraz, Germán Bojórquez Bojórquez, and Tomás Enciso Osuna. "Respuesta del tomate cultivado en hidroponía con soluciones nutritivas en sustrato humus de lombriz-fibra de coco." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, no. 5 (February 14, 2018): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i5.903.
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El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el efecto que induce la solución nutritiva Steiner al 100% de concentración nutrimental, así como las variaciones en la concentración de la misma (25 y 50%) de dicha concentración, en comparación con el testigo (sólo agua), aplicadas en mezclas de sustratos orgánicos a base de humus de lombriz y fibra de coco, en proporciones v:v de 25:75, 50:50 y 75:25. Con el tomate hibrido Imperial injertado con Multifort® tipo bola, de crecimiento indeterminado, durante el ciclo agrícola 2011-2012. Se estableció un experimento factorial 4 x 3 en un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables de estudio fueron índice de verdor (determinada con SPAD 502), diámetro ecuatorial y polar de fruto, y rendimiento según la clasif icación de la norma oficial NMX-FF-031-1997. Se observaron incrementos en el índice de verdor de 43.1, 48.7 y 55.8% con las soluciones al 25, 50 y 100% de concentración nutrimental a los 150 ddt (días después del trasplante), en comparación con plantas irrigadas con agua; el diámetro ecuatorial de los frutos tuvo incrementos de 34.3-39.3% en el primer racimo, en comparación al de frutos en el testigo, en el segundo racimo fueron de 55.8-60.2%, y en el tercero de 360.8-412.7%; el diámetro polar de frutos del tercer racimo se incrementó 308.6, 334.4 y 324.8% con las respectivas soluciones al 25, 50 y 100%; mientras que con las mismas soluciones el rendimiento total se expresó con incrementos de 295.0, 378.2 y 394.7%, pero las mejores respuestas se dieron donde se aplicaron las soluciones al 50 y 100%.
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Cosola, Saverio, Paolo Toti, Enrico Babetto, Ugo Covani, Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago, and David Peñarrocha-Oltra. "In-Vitro Investigation of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Transmucosal versus Submerged Bone Level Implants Used in Fixed Prosthesis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (July 3, 2021): 6186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136186.
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Background: The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the fatigue performance of different dental fixtures in two different emergence profiles. Biological failures are frequently reported because the problem canonly be solved by replacing a failing implant with a new one. Clinicians addressed minor mechanical failures, such as bending, loosening or the fracture of screws, abutment, or the entire prosthesis, by simply replacing or fixing them. Methods: Transmucosal and submerged bone-level dental implants underwent fatigue strength tests (statical and dynamical performance) by a standardized test: UNI EN ISO 14801:2016. Two types of emergence profiles (Premium sub-crestal straight implant with a cylindrical-shaped coronal emergence or Prama one-piece cylindrical-shape implant with transmucosal convergent neck and hyperbolic geometry) were tested, and dynamic fatigue were run to failure. Data was analyzed by a suitable statistical tool. Results: The Wöhler curve of 0.38 cm Premium group c2, appeared to be significantly different from that of the 0.38 cm Prama group c3 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 6; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.0043) but not from that of the 0.33 cm Premium group c1 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 0.62; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.4328). Fatigue performance of configuration 2 was one and a half times better than that of configuration 3. Group c3 had a better ultimate failure load (421.6 ± 12.5 N) than the other two settings i.e., c1 (324.5 ± 5.5 N) and c2 (396.3 ± 5.6) reaching almost a nonsignificant level. Conclusions: It was observed that a transmucosal implant design could provide the highest resistance to static fracture. On the other hand, an equicrestal implant design could increase dynamic endurance.
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Liu, Shawn, Christian Vaillancourt, Ann Kasaboski, and Monica Taljaard. "Bystander fatigue and CPR quality by older bystanders: a randomized crossover trial comparing continuous chest compressions and 30:2 compressions to ventilations." CJEM 18, no. 6 (September 21, 2016): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.373.
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ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study sought to measure bystander fatigue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality after five minutes of CPR using the continuous chest compression (CCC) versus the 30:2 chest compression to ventilation method in older lay persons, a population most likely to perform CPR on cardiac arrest victims.MethodsThis randomized crossover trial took place at three tertiary care hospitals and a seniors’ center. Participants were aged ≥55 years without significant physical limitations (frailty score ≤3/7). They completed two 5-minute CPR sessions (using 30:2 and CCC) on manikins; sessions were separated by a rest period. We used concealed block randomization to determine CPR method order. Metronome feedback maintained a compression rate of 100/minute. We measured heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and Borg Exertion Scale. CPR quality measures included total number of compressions and number of adequate compressions (depth ≥5 cm).ResultsSixty-three participants were enrolled: mean age 70.8 years, female 66.7%, past CPR training 60.3%. Bystander fatigue was similar between CPR methods: mean difference in HR -0.59 (95% CI −3.51-2.33), MAP 1.64 (95% CI −0.23-3.50), and Borg 0.46 (95% CI 0.07-0.84). Compared to 30:2, participants using CCC performed more chest compressions (480.0 v. 376.3, mean difference 107.7; p<0.0001) and more adequate chest compressions (381.5 v. 324.9, mean difference. 62.0; p=0.0001), although good compressions/minute declined significantly faster with the CCC method (p=0.0002).ConclusionsCPR quality decreased significantly faster when performing CCC compared to 30:2. However, performing CCC produced more adequate compressions overall with a similar level of fatigue compared to the 30:2 method.
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Dalle Ore, Cecilia L., Christopher P. Ames, Vedat Deviren, and Darryl Lau. "Perioperative outcomes associated with thoracolumbar 3-column osteotomies for adult spinal deformity patients with rheumatoid arthritis." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 30, no. 6 (June 2019): 822–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.11.spine18927.
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OBJECTIVESpinal deformity causing spinal imbalance is directly correlated to pain and disability. Prior studies suggest adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have more complex deformities and are at higher risk for complications. In this study the authors compared outcomes of ASD patients with RA following thoracolumbar 3-column osteotomies to outcomes of a matched control cohort.METHODSAll patients with RA who underwent 3-column osteotomy for thoracolumbar deformity correction performed by the senior author from 2006 to 2016 were identified retrospectively. A cohort of patients without RA who underwent 3-column osteotomies for deformity correction was matched based on multiple clinical factors. Data regarding demographics and surgical approach, along with endpoints including perioperative outcomes, reoperations, and incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) were reviewed. Univariate analyses were used to compare patients with RA to matched controls.RESULTSEighteen ASD patients with RA were identified, and a matched cohort of 217 patients was generated. With regard to patients with RA, 11.1% were male and the mean age was 68.1 years. Vertebral column resection (VCR) was performed in 22.2% and pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) in 77.8% of patients. Mean case length was 324.4 minutes and estimated blood loss (EBL) was 2053.6 ml. Complications were observed in 38.9% of patients with RA and 29.0% of patients without RA (p = 0.380), with a trend toward increased medical complications (38.9% vs 21.2%, p = 0.084). Patients with RA had a significantly higher incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)/pulmonary embolism (PE) (11.1% vs 1.8%, p = 0.017) and wound infections (16.7% vs 5.1%, p = 0.046). PJK occurred in 16.7% of patients with RA, and 33.3% of RA patients underwent reoperation. Incidence rates of PJK and reoperation in matched controls were 12.9% and 25.3%, respectively (p = 0.373, p = 0.458). At follow-up, mean sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was 6.1 cm in patients with RA and 4.5 cm in matched controls (p = 0.206).CONCLUSIONSFindings from this study suggest that RA patients experience a higher incidence of medical complications, specifically DVT/PE. Preoperative lower-extremity ultrasounds, inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement, and/or early initiation of DVT prophylaxis in RA patients may be indicated. Perioperative complications, morbidity, and long-term outcomes are otherwise similar to non-RA patients.
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Takahiro, Hosokawa, Mayuki Uchiyama, Yutaka Tanami, Yumiko Sato, Yasuharu Wakabayashi, and Eiji Oguma. "A single-center experience of using milk scintigraphy in 251 pediatric patients: A retrospective study." Medicine 102, no. 45 (November 10, 2023): e35746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035746.
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To report our experience with milk gastroesophageal scintigraphy and the management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children. In 251 pediatric patients we recorded age, underlying disease, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and GER management. GER management was classified based on treatment plans: grade 0, non-pharmacological treatment; grade 1, non-pharmacological but using a nasogastric tube; grade 2, pharmacological treatment; grade 3, transpyloric feeding; and grade 4, Nissen fundoplication surgery. Patients were included in classified groups with (grades 2, 3, and 4) and without (grades 0 and 1) GER treatment. We evaluated the GER height (classified based on the height of GER, grade 0; no GER, 1; GER in the lower esophagus, 2; GER in the upper esophagus), GER duration in the lower and upper esophagus, presence or absence of massive GER amounts in the lower and upper esophagus, and gastric emptying time. We compared milk scintigraphy results and patient characteristics between groups with (grades 2, 3, and 4) and without (grades 0 and 1) GER treatment. We treated 121 patients for GER. CNS disorders (presence/absence: 46/74 with vs 21/110 without treatment, P < .001). The GER height grade (1.7 ± 0.5 [range, 0–2] with vs 1.5 ± 0.7 [range, 0–2] without treatment, P = .002), massive GER amount (present/absent: 21/99 with vs 9/122 without treatment, P = .011), and duration of GER (seconds) (324.5 ± 508.3 [range, 0–1800] vs 125.0 ± 291.9 [range, 0–1750], P < .001) in the upper esophageal half differed significantly. Similarly massive GER amount (present/absent: 54/66 with vs 34/97 without treatment, P = .002) and GER duration (621.3 ± 601.0 [range, 0–1800] vs 349.8 ± 452.4 [range, 0–1800], P < .001) in the lower esophageal half differed significantly. Additionally, CNS disorders, age, and massive GER in the upper esophageal half differed significantly among grades 2 and 4 in treated patients (P < .05, P < .001, P < .05, respectively). Milk scintigraphy is useful for deciding whether GER treatment is indicated. However, the treatment plan needs to be decided based on each patient’s condition.
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Alessio, A., A. Fili, D. Forcato, M. F. Olmos-Nicotra, F. Alustiza, N. Rodriguez, R. V. Sampaio, et al. "357 EARLY FETAL DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR TRANSFER BOVINE EMBRYOS GENERATED FROM FIBROBLASTS GENETICALLY MODIFIED BY piggyBac TRANSPOSITION." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab357.
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Transposon-mediated transgenesis is a well-established tool for genome manipulation in small animal models. However, translation of this active transgenesis method to the large animal setting requires further investigation. We have previously demonstrated that a helper-independent piggyBac (PB) transposon system can efficiently transpose transgenes into the bovine genome [Alessio et al. 2014 Reprod. Domest. Anim. 49 (Suppl. 1), 8]. The aims of the current study were a) to investigate the effectiveness of a hyperactive version of the PB transposase, and b) to determine the ability of the genetically modified cells to support early embryo and fetal development upon somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Bovine fetal fibroblasts (BFF) were chemically transfected with either pmGENIE-3 (a helper-independent PB transposon conferring genes for hygromycin resistance and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP); Urschitz et al. 2010 PNAS USA 107, 8117–8122), pmhyGENIE-3 (carrying an hyperactive version of the PB transposase; Marh et al. 2012 PNAS USA 109, 19 184–19 189), or pmGENIE-3/Δ PB (a control plasmid lacking a functional PB transposase). Upon transfection, cell cultures were subjected to 14 days of hygromycin selection. Antibiotic-resistant and EGFP+ colonies were counted and data analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's test. For SCNT, pmhyGENIE-3 and pmGENIE-3 polyclonal cell lines were selected by FACS and individual cells used as nuclear donors. Day 7 blastocysts were nonsurgically transferred to synchronized recipients. Conceptuses were recovered by Day 35 of gestation, observed under fluorescence excitation, and genotyped. The mean number of colonies in pmhyGENIE-3 group was significantly higher than those in pmGENIE-3 and the control group (324.0 ± 17.8 v. 100.0 ± 16.1 and 2.8 ± 0.8 respectively, n = 4–7; P < 0.05). The hyperactive transposase increased transgene integration efficiency 3.24 times compared with the conventional PB transposase. The SCNT and early fetal development data are summarised in Table 1. Phenotypic analysis revealed that both transgenic fetuses and the extraembryonic membranes expressed EGFP with no macroscopic evidence of variegated transgene expression. Molecular analysis by PCR confirmed that both fetuses carried the transposon DNA. Here, we demonstrate that a hyperactive version of the PB transposase is more active in bovine cells than the conventional PB transposase. In addition, SCNT embryos generated from genetically modified cells by the pGENIE transposon system can progress to early stages of fetal development. Table 1.SCNT and early fetal development of bovine fibroblasts transposed with piggyBac1 The financial support of UNRC, CONICET and ANPCyT from Argentina is gratefully acknowledged.
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Massonne, H. J., A. Kennedy, L. Nasdala, and T. Theye. "Dating of zircon and monazite from diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge – hints at burial and exhumation velocities." Mineralogical Magazine 71, no. 4 (August 2007): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2007.071.4.407.
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AbstractIn order to better understand the formation and evolution processes of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) felsic rocks, we determined the ages of various domains of zircon and monazite crystals from the diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge. According to cathodoluminescence imagery and Th/U ratios, three zircon zones were distinguished. Each was dated using several spot analyses from a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analysing Pb, U and Th isotopes. The results were: (1) core zone – 21 analyses: Th/U ≤ 40.023 and 337.0±2.7 Ma (2σ, combined 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U age); (2) diamond-bearing intermediate zone – 23 analyses: Th/U ≥ 50.037 and 336.8±2.8 Ma; and (3) rim zone – 12 analyses: Th/U = 0.015–0.038 (plus one analysis of 0.164) and 330.2±5.8 Ma. The U-Pb obtained ages are virtually concordant. Furthermore, two oscillatory zoned zircon cores (Th/U ≥ 50.8) yielded (~concordant) ages of ~400 Ma. Six SHRIMP analyses of monazites gave an age of 332.4±2.1 Ma. In addition, Pb, Th and U contents in monazite were analysed with an electron microprobe (EMP). A mean age of 324.7±8.0 (2σ) Ma was acquired from 113 analyses.By combining the defined ages with previously published P-T conditions, minimum velocities for burial and exhumation were estimated. In addition, we present a likely geodynamic scenario involving age data from the literature as well as this study: beginning 340 million years ago, gneisses at the base of a thickened continentalcrust (~1.8 GPa, 650ºC) were transported to depths of at least 130 km, possibly as deep as 250 km. Here they were heated (>1050ºC) and partially melted and as a result began to rise rapidly. The burial and subsequent ascent back to a depth of 50 km, where zircon rims and monazite formed, took only a few million years and perhaps significantly less.
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Camp, Christopher L., Hamidreza Jahandar, Alec M. Sinatro, Carl W. Imhauser, David W. Altchek, and Joshua S. Dines. "Quantitative Anatomic Analysis of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Complex of the Elbow." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 232596711876275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118762751.
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Background: A more detailed assessment of the anatomy of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex (MUCLC) is desired as the rate of medial elbow reconstruction surgery continues to rise. Purpose: To quantify the anatomy of the MUCLC, including the anterior bundle (AB), posterior bundle (PB), and transverse ligament (TL). Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten unpaired, fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows underwent 3-dimensional (3D) digitization and computed tomography with 3D reconstruction. Ligament footprint areas and geometries, distances to key bony landmarks, and isometry were determined. A surgeon digitized the visual center of each footprint, and this location was compared with the geometric centroid calculated from the outline of the digitized footprint. Results: The mean surface area of the AB was 324.2 mm2, with an origin footprint of 32.3 mm2 and an elongated insertional footprint of 187.6 mm2 (length, 29.7 mm). The mean area of the PB was 116.6 mm2 (origin, 25.9 mm2; insertion, 15.8 mm2), and the mean surface area of the TL was 134.5 mm2 (origin, 21.2 mm2; insertion, 16.7 mm2). The geometric centroids of all footprints could be predicted within 0.8 to 1.3 mm, with the exception of the AB insertion centroid, which was 7.6 mm distal to the perceived center at the apex of the sublime tubercle. While the PB remained relatively isometric from 0° to 90° of flexion ( P = .606), the AB lengthened by 2.2 mm ( P < .001). Conclusion: Contrary to several historical reports, the insertional footprint of the AB was larger, elongated, and tapered. The TL demonstrated a previously unrecognized expansive soft tissue insertion directly onto the AB, and additional analysis of the biomechanical contribution of this structure is needed. Clinical Relevance: These findings may serve as a foundation for future study of the MUCLC and help refine current surgical reconstruction techniques.
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Cheng, Ruiming, Jing Zhang, Xinyue Wang, and Zhidong Zhang. "Growth Suitability Evaluation of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr Based on Potential NPP under Different Climate Scenarios." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010331.
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Larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr) is a major coniferous tree species in northern China, and climate change has serious impacts on larch growth. However, the impact of future climate change on net primary productivity (NPP) and the growth suitability of larch is unclear. Based on forest inventory data, spatially continuous environmental factor data (climate, topography, soil), and NPP from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model in the study area, the random forest (RF) model was used to simulate the potential NPP and growth suitability of larch under different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) for current and future (2041–2060, 2080–2100). The correlation between potential NPP and determinants under different climate scenarios was analyzed at the pixel scale. The results showed that: (1) RF showed excellent performance in predicting the potential NPP of the region (R2 = 0.80, MAE = 15.61 gC·m−2·a−1, RMSE = 29.68 gC·m−2·a−1). (2) Under current climatic conditions, the mean potential NPP of larch was 324.9 gC·m−2·a−1. Low growth suitability of larch occurred in most parts of the study area, and high growth suitability only existed in the Bashang area and the high-elevation mountains. (3) The total area of high and medium growth suitable areas were projected to be 76.0%, 66.7%, 78.2%, and 80.8% by the end of this century under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios, respectively. (4) Under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 climate scenarios, the temperature had a significant contribution to the accumulation of the larch’s NPP, whereas precipitation had less effect on the larch’s growth. The results provided a theoretical basis for the adaptive management of larch forests under global climate change.
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Hu, Wei, Zhi-Yong Zhong, Yu-Ting Gao, Xue-Feng Ren, Hai-Yang Liu, and Xiao-Jiang Tang. "Establishment of LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of GMDTC in Rat Plasma and Its Application in Preclinical Pharmacokinetics." Molecules 28, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031191.
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Sodium (S)-2-(dithiocarboxylato((2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl)amino)-4(methylthio)butanoate (GMDTC) is the first compound to use cadmium repellent as an indication. In this paper, we established and validated a bioanalytical method for the determination of GMDTC in rat plasma, and used it to determine the drug concentrations in the plasma of rats after intravenous dosing in different genders and dosages. After pretreating the plasma samples with an acetonitrile–water–ammonia solution (70:30:1.25, v/v/v), liquid chromatographic separations were efficiently achieved with a XBridge C18 column using a 5 min gradient system of aqueous ammonium bicarbonate and 95% acetonitrile–water solution (95:5, v/v) as the eluent. The GMDTC and metolazone (internal standard, IS) detection were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), monitored at m/z 390.06–324.1 (for the GMDTC, tR: 2.03 min) and m/z 366.0–259.2 (for IS, tR: 3.88 min). The GMDTC was stable under various testing conditions, and this analytical method conforms to the verification standard of biological analysis methods. The half-life (t1/2) was determined to be 0.54–0.65 h for the intravenous, mean distribution volume and clearances were 1.08–2.08 L/kg and 1–3 L/h/kg, respectively. The AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ found after increasing the dosage exhibited a linear relationship with the administered dose. There were no statistically significant differences in the values obtained for the different genders at dosages of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg, respectively (p > 0.05). This is the first report of a bioanalytical method to quantify GMDTC in rat plasma using LC–MS/MS, which provides useful information for the study of its pharmacological effects and clinical applications.
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Song, Yun, Eunise Chen, Y. Sabrina Chiang, James C. Yao, Daniel M. Halperin, Deyali Chatterjee, and Brian D. Badgwell. "Classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and associations with survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2024): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.3_suppl.597.
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597 Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of gastric body neuroendocrine tumors (GNETs) includes type 1 tumors characterized by hypergastrinemia and arising in a background of atrophic gastritis, type 2 tumors associated with gastrinomas, and type 3 tumors with low serum gastrin level and no background mucosal pathology. However, certain tumors remain unclassified, and the prognostic significance of these tumors is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to better characterize GNET types and to determine associations with distant metastasis and disease-specific survival (DSS). Methods: Patients diagnosed with GNET (1986-2021) were retrospectively identified and tumors classified as type 1, 2, or 3. Unclassified tumors were reviewed for background gastric mucosal changes associated with chronic proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use. Tumors were categorized as PPI-associated if there were prominent parietal and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in the background mucosa, in the absence of a gastrinoma and a positive history of chronic PPI use. WHO grade was determined using mitotic index or Ki-67 proliferative index when available. Characteristics by tumor type, associations with distant metastasis at initial diagnosis, and DSS were determined using standard statistical methods. Results: Of 246 patients, 164 (66.7%) had type 1, 5 (2.0%) had type 2, 52 (21.1%) had type 3, 18 (7.3%) were PPI-associated, and 7 (2.8%) remained unclassified. Multifocal disease was more common for types 1 (56.1%) and 2 (40.0%) than type 3 (13.5%) and PPI-associated tumors (27.8%, P<0.001). Patients with type 3 GNET were also less likely to have WHO grade 1 tumors (26.9%) compared to other GNETs (type 1 37.2%, type 2 40.0%, PPI-associated 50.0%, P<0.001). Additionally, distant metastases at presentation occurred more frequently with type 3 (38.5%) than type 1 (1.2%), type 2 (20.0%), and PPI-associated tumors (11.1%, P<0.001). GNET type (type 1 vs 3, odds ratio [OR] 0.005 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001-0.050; PPI-associated vs type 3, OR 0.040 [95% CI 0.004-0.45]), race (non-white vs white, OR 0.17 [95% CI 0.040-0.73]), and WHO grade (2/3 vs 1, OR 10.5 [95% CI 1.93-57.2]) were associated with distant metastasis at presentation. Five-year DSS rates were 100.0% for type 1, 59.7% (95% CI 42.7-73.2%) for type 3, and 90.9% (95% CI 50.8-98.7%) for PPI-associated (log-rank P<0.001). By multivariable analysis, multifocality of primary tumors (hazard ratio [HR] 0.070 [95% CI 0.010-0.46]) and distant metastasis at diagnosis (HR 44.9, 95% CI 6.21-324.8) were independently associated with DSS, while tumor type was not (type 1 vs 3, HR 0.18 [95% CI 0.010-2.44); PPI-associated vs type 3, HR 0.13 [95% CI 0.010-1.33]). Conclusions: PPI-associated tumors may represent a distinct GNET type with intermediate outcomes compared to type 1 and type 3 tumors. However, factors other than tumor type must be considered in determining survival.
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Silvero, Melina, Francisco Crespo, Maria del Mar Serra Pesquer, Elisa Perez Bayo, Igor Fernández Peñarrubia, Alejandro Palladino, Rodolfo Fattore, and Rafael A. Palladino. "PSIX-8 Supplementing a Natural Citrus Flavonoid Extract (Bioflavex) to Finishing Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 372–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.681.
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Abstract Finishing cattle are exposed to diets with high amounts of starch and consequently to hindgut acidosis. Usually, antibiotics like ionophores are used to control dysbiosis at gut level. However, natural options are being evaluated as healthy alternatives. Flavonoids are well known as antibacterial agent, being an interesting alternative to antibiotics. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the performance of finishing steers supplemented with monensin compared with citrus flavonoid extract (Bioflavex). Steers (n = 48; 214.3 kg live weight; LW) were assigned to two treatments: Monensin (MON; 30 g/tn DM) and flavonoids extract (FLAV; Bioflavex, Spain; 400 g/tn DM). Animals were allocated in 6 groups (3 pens/treatment; 8 animals/pen). Pen was considered as the experimental unit. Transition diet was offered from d 1 to 21 (CP 18% , starch 40.6%) whilst finishing diet from d 21 to 86; (CP 10.6%, starch 47.8%). The LW was registered at 0, 21 and 86 d. The DMI was estimated by difference between offered and refusals. Ruminal and feces pH were recorded (rumen liquor samples were obtained by ruminocentesis). Data were analyzed by proc mixed (treatment and time as fixed effects; pen as random). Differences were stated when P< 0.05. Only DMI was different between treatments, being FLAV greater than MON (6.68 kg/d vs 6.45 kg/d for FLAV and MON respectively; P< 0.05). No differences were found in terms of daily gain (1.355 kg/d vs 1.294 kg/d for FLAV and MON respectively; P >0.05), final weight (FLAV 331.6 kg vs MON 324.8 kg; P >0.05), neither conversion (4.95 kg/kg vs 4.98 kg/kg for FLAV and MON respectively; P >0.05). Rumen and feces pH did not differ across treatments (P >0.05). According to our results, a citrus flavonoid extract showed a similar performance comparing to monensin, being a potential alternative to antibiotics.
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Dupuis-Girod, Sophie, Anne-Emmanuelle Fargeton, Vincent Grobost, Sophie Rivière, Marjolaine Beaudoin, Evelyne Decullier, Lorraine Bernard, et al. "Efficacy and Safety of a 0.1% Tacrolimus Nasal Ointment as a Treatment for Epistaxis in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 5 (April 26, 2020): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051262.
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Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare but ubiquitous genetic disease. Epistaxis is the most frequent and life-threatening manifestation and tacrolimus, an immunosuppressive agent, appears to be an interesting new treatment option because of its anti-angiogenic properties. Our objective was to evaluate, six weeks after the end of the treatment, the efficacy on the duration of nosebleeds of tacrolimus nasal ointment, administered for six weeks to patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia complicated by nosebleeds, and we performed a prospective, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, ratio 1:1 phase II study. Patients were recruited from three French Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) centers between May 2017 and August 2018, with a six-week follow-up, and we included people aged over 18 years, diagnosed with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and epistaxis (total duration > 30 min/6 weeks prior to inclusion). Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% was self-administered by the patients twice daily. About 0.1 g of product was to be administered in each nostril with a cotton swab. A total of 50 patients was randomized and treated. Mean epistaxis duration before and after treatment in the tacrolimus group were 324.64 and 249.14 min, respectively, and in the placebo group 224.69 and 188.14 min, respectively. Epistaxis duration improved in both groups, with no significant difference in our main objective comparing epistaxis before and after treatment (p = 0.77); however, there was a significant difference in evolution when comparing epistaxis before and during treatment (p = 0.04). Toxicity was low and no severe adverse events were reported. In conclusion, tacrolimus nasal ointment, administered for six weeks, did not improve epistaxis in HHT patients after the end of the treatment. However, the good tolerance, associated with a significant improvement in epistaxis duration during treatment, encouraged us to perform a phase 3 trial on a larger patient population with a main outcome of epistaxis duration during treatment and a longer treatment time.
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Bislenghi, G., B. Verstockt, J. Sabino, C. Caenepeel, S. Verstockt, A. Wolthuis, M. Ferrante, A. D’Hoore, and S. Vermeire. "P061 The molecular landscape of perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease: opportunities for new therapeutic approaches." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.190.
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Abstract Background Perianal Crohn’s disease (CD) is a debilitating condition, often refractory to medical therapy and requiring repetitive surgical interventions. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology is very poorly understood. Hence, we molecularly characterised the fistula tract and compared it to the molecular landscape of its inner rectal orifice. Methods We collected paired surgical biopsies from the fistula tract and the inner rectal fistula orifice in 29 CD patients with draining perianal fistula, requiring surgical examination under anaesthesia. RNA was extracted and single-end RNA sequencing performed using Illumina HiSeq4000. Sequencing data were analysed through differential gene expression (DESeq2) and corrected for the presence of proctitis. A false discovery rate of 0.001 was considered significant. In addition, cellular deconvolution methods (CIBERSORT) were applied to study the cellular composition of the fistula tract. Results Differential gene expression revealed 2701 transcripts being differentially expressed (1727 up, 974 down in fistula) between the fistula tract and the paired rectal mucosa. The top upregulated gene, LBP (fold change [FC]=2858.8, p = 3.6E−13), highlights the potential contribution of the microbiome. LBP has a central role in the innate immune system by binding to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and facilitating the affinity between LPS and CD14, with the subsequent release of various cytokines. Several extracellular matrix proteins could be identified within the top 25 of upregulated genes, including MMP13 (FC = 358.8, p = 1.3E−11), ADAM12 (FC = 175.6, p = 1.4E−12), COL1A1 (FC = 77.1, p = 2.7E−10) and COL5A3 (FC = 32.1, p = 1.7E−12), emphasising the intense tissue remodelling going on in the fistula tract. Despite correcting for the confounding effect of proctitis, the fistula tract expressed higher levels of IL6 (FC = 133.1, p = 3.7E−9), TNF(FC = 14.2, p = 4.8E−5), OSM (FC = 24.3, p = 8.9E−5), IL12p40 (FC = 10.0, p = 8.1E−3), integrin α 4 (FC = 4.5, p = 9.3E−3), integrin β 7(FC = 3.8, p = 4.1E−3) but not IL23p19 (FC = 1.2, p = 0.9). Top downregulated genes were linked to the intestinal epithelium, including KRT19 (FC = −489.1, p = 5.5E−17), KRT8 (FC = −324.0, p = 1.1E−16), CEACAM6 (FC=−515.1, p = 4.5E−16) and MUC2 (FC=−795.4, p = 3.0E−15). Cellular deconvolution identified CD4 memory resting T cells (18.5%), M0 macrophages (17%), M2 macrophages (15.2%), neutrophils (9.2%) and plasma cells (7.5%) as the most abundant cells within the fistula tract. Conclusion We molecularly characterised the fistula tract in perianal CD and identified clear biological differences in comparison to the luminal tract, highlighting the potential of new therapeutic targets and cell types driving this debilitating condition.
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Greig, Danny, Ruchi Rastogi, Teresa Diaz, Maria Tovar-Torres, Bradley Axelrod, Lili Zhao, M. Safwan Badr, and Susmita Chowdhuri. "1135 Predictors of Post-COVID Clinical and Cognitive Consequences." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A486—A487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.01135.
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Abstract Introduction “Post-acute sequelae of SARS-COV-2 infection (PASC)” is a condition with a wide range of physical and mental health consequences that are present or persist four or more weeks after SARS-COV-2 infection. Fatigue is one of the most common PASC symptoms. It is not known whether underlying OSA and sleep disturbances may influence the persistence of chronic physical, mental health and neurocognitive dysfunction post-COVID. This pilot study will systematically examine whether sleep disturbances and severity of OSA comprise modifiable facets of PASC. Methods We prospectively collected sleep quality, sleepiness, quality of life (QoL) and neurocognitive data in patients with post-COVID fatigue (PASC) and OSA, and compared with control patients with OSA but without prior COVID infection. Questionnaires were administered at baseline and after 3 months to evaluate sleep disturbances, sleepiness, and general and disease specific QoL. Cognitive testing included Trail Making Test Part A and B, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Stroop Task, Digit Coding, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-R (HVLT-R), Weschler Abbreviated Scale Intelligence II (WASI), Weschler Memory Scale IV (WSM), and Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), respectively. 6-minute walk test and COVID-infection related medical data were also collected. Results Thus far, we have enrolled 26 total participants, 16 controls (13 males, 3 females; age: 65.4±11.7 years, BMI: 35.4±12.8 kg/m2, AHI: 49.2±34.6/hr, Education:14.4±3.0 years), and10 patients with PASC (7 males, 3 females; age: 59.3±12.8 years, BMI: 31.7±8.4 kg/m2, AHI: 44.2±33.6/hr, Education:16±2.3 years).Baseline data in controls vs. PASC patients are given as: FSS Total Score: 29.8±16.7 vs. 37.9±11.2, ESS: 8.6±4.7 vs. 8.5±5.6, PROMISE Sleep Disturbance Score: 20.2±10.1 vs. 22.9±11.2, 6-Minute Walk Test Total Distance Walked: 415.5±56.8 vs. 389.1±47.2 meters, FOSQ Total Score: 16.7±3.9 vs. 17.17±3.2, HVLTR Total Recall: 88.2±14.5 vs. 83.2±16.2, WMSIV Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall: 109.2±19.8 vs. 106.2±27.7, TMT-B: 94.2±21.1 vs. 93.0±25.6, Stroop Color-Word Score: 88.7±10.7 vs. 94.5±20.1, WASI-II FISQ4 Score: 97.6±11.2 vs. 96.2±17.2, PASAT Rate 2 Correct: 38.8±25.4% vs. 33.3±33.3%, PVT Mean Reaction Time: 319.2±65.2 vs. 324.7±149.5 ms. Conclusion Our study provides preliminary data on important clinical metrics in patients with post-COVID sequelae. Additional data will allow us to determine future targets for management of PASC. Support (if any) VHA RR&D # RX004396 (SPiRE)
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Hakala, Sanna, Heikki Kivistö, Teemu Paajanen, Annaliisa Kankainen, Marjo-Riitta Anttila, Ari Heinonen, and Tuulikki Sjögren. "Effectiveness of Distance Technology in Promoting Physical Activity in Cardiovascular Disease Rehabilitation: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, A Pilot Study." JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 8, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): e20299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20299.
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Background Physical activity is beneficial for cardiovascular rehabilitation. Digitalization suggests using technology in the promotion of physical activity and lifestyle changes. The effectiveness of distance technology interventions has previously been found to be similar to that of conventional treatment, but the added value of the technology has not been frequently studied. Objective The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether additional distance technology intervention is more effective in promoting physical activity than non-technology–based treatment in 12 months of cardiac rehabilitation. Methods The cardiovascular disease rehabilitation intervention consisted of three 5-day inpatient periods in a rehabilitation center and two 6-month self-exercise periods at home in between. Participants were recruited from among cardiac patients who attended the rehabilitation program and were cluster-randomized into unblinded groups: conventional rehabilitation control clusters (n=3) and similar rehabilitation with additional distance technology experimental group clusters (n=3). Experimental groups used Fitbit Charge HR for self-monitoring, and they set goals and reported their activity using Movendos mCoach, through which they received monthly automated and in-person feedback. Physical activity outcomes for all participants were measured using the Fitbit Zip accelerometer and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results During the first 6 months, the experimental group (n=29) engaged in light physical activity more often than the control group (n=30; mean difference [MD] 324.2 minutes per week, 95% CI 77.4 to 571.0; P=.01). There were no group differences in the duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MD 12.6 minutes per week, 95% CI –90.5 to 115.7; P=.82) or steps per day (MD 1084.0, 95% CI –585.0 to 2752.9; P=.20). During the following 6 months, no differences between the groups were observed in light physical activity (MD –87.9 minutes per week, 95% CI –379.2 to 203.3; P=.54), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MD 70.9 minutes per week, 95% CI –75.7 to 217.6; P=.33), or steps per day (MD 867.1, 95% CI –2099.6 to 3833.9; P=.55). Conclusions The use of additional distance technology increased the duration of light physical activity at the beginning of cardiac rehabilitation (for the first 6 months), but statistically significant differences were not observed between the two groups for moderate or vigorous physical activity or steps per day for both 6-month self-exercise periods. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN61225589; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN61225589
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Lee, Mi Kyoung. "The Effect of Epidural Resiniferatoxin in the Neuropathic Pain Rat Model." Pain Physician 4;15, no. 4;8 (August 14, 2012): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/287.
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Background: Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a potent synthetic agonist for transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), which has a selectivity for antinociception. The analgesic effect of epidural RTX in a rat model of neuropathic pain has not yet been studied. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of epidural RTX on neuropathic pain in a rat model to mechanical and thermal stimulation. The dose-related behavior changes and side effects were also studied. Study design: A randomized, experimental trial. Setting: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital Methods: A spinal nerve ligation model was prepared using male Sprague-Dawley rats (7 weeks old, weight 230-250 g). An epidural catheter was placed at the L4-L5 level. Each study group (n = 6) received a different dose of RTX: 100 ng, 500 ng, 1 µg, 2 µg, 4 µg and 10 µg. All substances were administered in 20 µL volume doses. The control group (n = 6) received 20 µL of normal saline. We evaluated the response to mechanical and thermal stimuli as well as the sedation score at both short-term (3 hours) and long-term (20 days) after the epidural RTX injection. Results: Prolonged analgesia to thermal stimulation was preceded by a transient dose-dependent hyperalgesia (500 ng, 1 µg) or sedation (≥ 2 µg) during the initial 60 minutes after RTX administration. Marked sedation and hyperventilation were noted at higher doses (≥ 2 µg), while 2 out of 6 rats died with a 10 µg dose. ED50 for epidural RTX was 265 ng (95% confidence interval 216.1–324.9 ng). The increased latency to thermal stimulation continued for 20 days at RTX ≥ 1 µg. But the threshold to mechanical stimulation increased only in the acute period and returned to the baseline after 3-5 days, regardless of the administered dose. Limitations: A histological examination by electron-microscopic staining was not performed. The observation period was not very long (20 days). Conclusion: RTX has potential to be used in an epidural route for neuropathic pain in a rat model with a relatively small amount, which produces transitory improvement of mechanical hypersensitivity and prolonged thermal analgesic response. Key words: Epidural administration, mechanical allodynia, mechanical hypersensitivity, resiniferatoxin, sedation, spinal nerve ligation rat model, thermal hyperalgesia.
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Ivanova, Elena P., Andrey A. Lobanov, Sergey V. Andronov, Anatoliy D. Fesyun, Andrey P. Rachin, Gleb N. Barashkov, Elena N. Bogdanova, et al. "Fresh Water Aquatic Training in Patients with Upright Posture Maintaining Disorders." Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine 20, no. 6 (December 21, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2021-20-6-58-66.
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The use of the fresh water aquatic training course, as a more gentle training method, may allow patients to ensure effective restoration of muscle functions responsible for maintaining an upright body position. A more accurate control of the course results can be performed using a virtual analysis carried out using the «Habilect» system that allows to determine the body parts attitude. Aim. To study the effect of training in fresh water using the Habilect system based on the Microsoft Kinect infrared sensor (video stabilometry) on motor functions that contribute to maintaining an upright body posture in patients with mild gait disturbances. Material and methods. An open descriptive study was conducted including 12 patients (7 men, 5 women), aged 40 to 62 years, with upright posture maintaining disorders, which correspond to the functional diagnosis encoded by the ICF «Gait Stereotype Functions» B770.1 – mild violations (5–24%). A group of subjects (n = 12), in addition to basic therapy and training with an exercise therapy instructor, underwent aquatic training in fresh water for two weeks (30 minutes, 6 days a week). Assessment methods: the research was carried out using the Habilect gait video analysis system before and after the rehabilitation course. The χ2 test was used to assess the significance of differences between groups of qualitative variables. When analyzing quantitative variables, the Shapiro-Wilk’s (W) test was performed. For abnormal distribution, the data is in Me format [Q25-Q75]. The Wilcoxon T-test was used to assess the significance of differences in quantitative variables of the two studied groups. The processing of the obtained research results was carried out using the Statistica for Windows, v. 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA). The significance of the differences was considered established at p <0.05. Result and discussion. When examining the amplitude of body deflection along the X-axis before training, they were 3.25 cm [-98 cm; 93.9 cm], after – -9.96 cm [-100.92 cm; -81.96 cm], on the Y-axis before training – -29.01 cm [-29.01 cm; 13.76 cm], after –-30.59 cm [-30.59 cm; 31.09 cm], on the Z-axis before training – 388.1 cm [369.22 cm; 393.39 cm], after training – 380.96 cm [377.98cm, 400.05 cm], deviation of the body movement vector before training 16.45 cm [7.46 cm; 338.67 cm], after training – 324.7 cm [324.7 cm; 342.56 cm]. When examining the amplitude of head deflection along the X-axis before training, they were -0.92 cm [-1.24 cm; -0.92 cm], after – 1.5 cm [-10.19 cm; 2.38 cm], Y-axis before training – 125.33 cm [61.13 cm; 128.94 cm], after – 107.42 cm [52.49 cm; 107.42 cm], along the Z-axis before training – -8.59 cm [-8.97 cm; -5.33 cm], after training – -14.89 cm [-14.89 cm, -3.45cm]. When calculating the increase in deviation (deviations of the main body axes from the initial value) using the Wilcoxon T-test revealed statistically significant deviations in the X-axis (an increase of 306.5%, p = 0.0504), the Z-axis (an increase of 112.68%, p =0.0225) and the Body Angle parameter (an increase of 1973.86% p = 0.0323). When calculating the increase in the deviation of the head axes from the initial value using the Wilcoxon T-test, statistically significant deviations were revealed along the X axis (increase of 163.04%, p = 0.0280), the Y axis (increase of 85.71%, p = 0.0199) and the parameter Z (an increase of 173.34% p = 0.0292). The study revealed a decrease in the body axes deviations amplitude in all 3 planes, which indicates an improvement in the work of all brain parts that are responsible for the coordination of motor functions and their vegetative support, an improvement in functional interaction within individual muscle chains. The reduction in the head and neck muscles in compensatory balancing participation during walking and maintaining a vertical body posture mainly due to the muscles of the lower extremities and pelvis contributes to the prevention of arterial and venous circulation disorders in the head and neck and makes training not only more effective, but also safer. Conclusion. Due to the decrease in the amplitude of deviations along all three axes (Z, Y, X), the course of aquatic training contributes to the correction of upright posture maintaining disorders, a statistically significant decrease in the amplitude of head and neck movements.
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Novikov, D. I., A. Yu Zaitsev, K. V. Dubrovin, E. K. Bespalov, and A. V. Filin. "Changes in Hemostasis during Liver Transplantation in Children." Messenger of ANESTHESIOLOGY AND RESUSCITATION 19, no. 1 (February 27, 2022): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21292/2078-5658-2022-19-1-67-74.
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The objective: to assess changes of clinical and laboratory hemostasic parameters in children at the stages of orthotopic liver transplantation.Subjects and Methods. A single-centre, prospective, pilot study of coagulation test scores was performed in 20 children aged 0 to 11 years with hepatoblastoma after a course of PRETEX IV chemotherapy who underwent liver transplantation from a related donor.Results. Children from 0 to 11 years old with hepatoblastoma, after chemotherapy, retain the normal functional activity of the hemostasis system at the pre-hepatic stage of transplantation: APTT 34.6 (34.45; 38.65) s; prothrombin index (PI) 83.53 (74.09; 87.87) %; INR 1.22 (1.16; 1.42) in the 0‒2 year group, APTT 40.45 (34.9; 41, 68), PI 75.57 (64.41; 80.45) %, and INR 1.39 (1.36; 1.87) in the group aged 3‒11 years. Severe hypocoagulation develops by the end of the hepatic stage and in the first 15 minutes after the start of arterial blood flow through the graft: CT and CFT from 195.0 (189.0; 228.5) s and 163.0 (129.5; 171.5) s to 537.0 (456.0; 1,651.5) s and 468.0 (324.5; 611.5) s (p < 0.05), respectively, in the INTEM test. Hypocoagulation at this time develops due to deficiency of coagulation factors and the release of endogenous glycosaminoglycans from the endothelium transplant, as indicated by an increase in CT and CFT to 666.0 (468.5; 2,209.5) s and 254.5 (203.25; 305.75) s in INTEM, CT to 525.0 (389.0; 2028.0) s with p < 0.05 in HEPTEM in children under the age group of up to 2. Within 1 hour after the start of arterial blood flow, the effects of systemic heparinoid effects persist, which is confirmed by the dynamics of CT 360.0 (219.5; 2,116.5) s with up to 960.0 (560.5; 1,440.5) s with p < 0.05 in the EXTEM test.Conclusion. Changes in hemostasis system parameters during surgery make it possible to judge about rapidly developing coagulation and anticoagulation disorders in children of the presented age groups. Specific changes in the coagulation profile at the stages of liver transplantation in children under the age of 11 inclusive, make it possible to do without routine correction of changes in the hemostasis system.