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1
Su, Ting-Shi, Li-Qing Li, and Shi-Xiong Liang. "Liver regeneration after radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A simple-to-use model and nomogram." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16115-e16115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16115.
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e16115 Background: In the past clinical practice of radiotherapy for liver cancer, liver regeneration (LR) which is beneficial to the prevention or recovery of radiation-induced liver injury, has not received enough attention. In current study, we aimed to build and validate multivariate model for liver regeneration after radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on data from 2 prospective studies. Methods: Thirty patients treated with preoperative downstaging radiotherapy were prospectively included in the training cohort, and 21 patients treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy were included in the validation cohort. Liver regeneration was defined as an increase of more than 10% of normal liver volume in the areas of the protected hepatic segment or lobe, without Child-Pugh class decreased and tumor progression compared to pre-radiotherapy. Model and nomogram of liver regeneration after radiotherapy were developed and validated. The cut-off points of each optimal predictors were obtained using receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Risk stratification based on the cut-off point was conducted to compare the proportion of patients with liver regeneration between subgroups. Results: After radiotherapy, 12 (40%) cases in the training cohort and 13 (61.9%) cases in the validation cohort experienced liver regeneration. The model and nomogram of liver regeneration based on SVs20 (standard residual liver volume spared from at least 20 Gy) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed good prediction performance (AUC = 0.759) in training cohort and performed well (AUC = 0.808) in the validation cohort. The risk stratification according to the cutoffs of SVs20 with 303.4 mL and ALT with 43 U/L demonstrated clear differentiation in risk of liver regeneration between the training(P = 0.049) and entire cohort (P = 0.032). The proportion of patients with liver regeneration decrease progressively with 88.9% in high-probability group (ALT＜43 U/L and SVs20＜303.4 mL), 60% in high-intermediate probability group (ALT ≥43 U/L and SVs20＜303.4 mL), 43.75% in low-intermediate probability group (ALT＜43 U/L and SVs20≥303.4 mL) and 33% in low- probability group (ALT≥43 U/L and SVs20≥303.4 mL). Conclusions: SVs20 and ALT are optimal predictors for liver regeneration. This simple-to-use nomogram is beneficial to the constraints of normal liver outside the radiotherapy target area and make prognosis-based decision without complex calculations. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR1800015350. [Table: see text]
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Hoffmann, Peter, and Rainer Mattes. "Koordination des dreizähnigen makrocyclischen Liganden 1-Thia-4,7-diazacyc!ononan an Palladium(II) und Platin(II) / Coordination of the Tridentate Macrocyclic Ligand 1-Thia-4,7-diazacyclononane to Palladium(II) and Platinum(II)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-0304.
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The reaction of PdAc2 and K2PtCl4 with the ligand 1-thia-4,7-diazacyclononan (C6H14N2S - L) yield crystals of [PdL2](PF6)2 (4) and [PtL2]Br2-H2O (5), respectively. The structures of 4 and 5 have been determined.Crystal data: 4, monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 719.2(1), b = 1712.5(3), c = 936.8(2) pm. β = 99.15°, Z = 2; 1708 reflections, R = 0.029.5, monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 1682(2). b = 786(1), c = 1573(1) pm. β = 108.1(1)°, Z - 4; 1706 reflections, R = 0.070. 4 contains octahedrally coordinated Pd(II); in addition to the square planar PdN4 group (mean Pd -N bond length 206 pm) the S-donor atoms are weakly coordinated in the axial positions (Pd-S: 303.4(1) pm). In 5, however, Pt(II) is in a square planar ligand environment. The S-donor atoms are bent away from the axial positions of the central atom.
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Kim, Do-Gun, Hyun-Seop Kim, Hee-Man Kang, and Seok-Oh Ko. "Pollutant characteristics of road deposited sediments collected by road sweeping." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 1 (April 23, 2016): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.198.
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Road deposited sediments (RDS) swept from highways in South Korea were characterized to quantitatively evaluate the reduction in non-point source pollutants by sweeping. The swept RDS consisted primarily of sand (63 μm to 2 mm) particles (80.34 ± 8.33% of total weight) highly contaminated by organics, nutrients and heavy metals. The average concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), volatile solids (VS), total nitrogen (T-N), and total phosphorus (T-P) were 20.17 ± 9.13, 1.04 ± 0.62, 39.92 ± 16.55, 1.99 ± 0.96, and 0.54 ± 0.19 g kg−1 (±one standard deviation), respectively, for 63 μm to 2 mm RDS. The concentrations of the pollutants were high for RDS smaller than 63 μm, but most of the mass was associated with the 63 μm to 2 mm RDS. The results suggest that the pollutants associated with RDS swept from highways originated mainly from engine wear, exhaust emissions, and tire wear. These results were different from the RDS on roads in residential and commercial areas, where natural particles and brake wear contribute significantly to RDS. In addition, the reductions in TOC, BOD, VS, T-N, T-P, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and As based on the swept RDS measurements were calculated to be 3,355.3, 175.1, 6,621.4, 323.0, 88.3, 30.3, 13.7, 1.0, 303.4, 11,198.7, and 0.4 g km−1, respectively.
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Wiedenmann, D., A. N. Zaitsev, S. N. Britvin, S. V. Krivovichev, and J. Keller. "Alumoåkermanite, (Ca,Na)2(Al,Mg,Fe2+)(Si2O7), a new mineral from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, northern Tanzania." Mineralogical Magazine 73, no. 3 (June 2009): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.3.373.
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AbstractAlumoåkermanite, (Ca,Na)2(Al,Mg,Fe2+)(Si2O7), is a new mineral member of the melilite group from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. The mineral occurs as tabular phenocrysts and microphenocrysts in melilite-nephelinitic ashes and lapilli-tuffs. Alumoåkermanite is light brown in colour; it is transparent, with a vitreous lustre and the streak is white. Cleavages or partings are not observed. The mineral is brittle with an uneven fracture. The measured density is 2.96(2) g/cm3. The Mohs hardness is ~4.5–6. Alumoåkermanite is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.635(1) and ε = 1.624–1.626(1). In a 30 mm thin section (+N), the mineral has a yellow to orange interference colour, straight extinction and positive elongation, and is nonpleochroic. The average chemical formula of the mineral derived from electron microprobe analyses is: (Ca1.48Na0.50Sr0.02 K0.01)(Si1.99Al0.01O7). Alumoåkermanite is tetragonal, space group P421m with a = 7.7661(4) Å, c = 5.0297(4) Å, V = 303.4(1) Å3 and Z = 2. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/Io), hkl] are: 3.712, (13), (111); 3.075, (25), (201); 2.859, (100), (211); 2.456, (32), (311); 1.757, (19), (312). Single-crystal structure refinement (R1 = 0.018) revealed structure topology typical of the melilite-group minerals, i.e. tetrahedral [(Al,Mg)(Si2O7)] sheets interleaved with layers of (CaNa) cations. The name reflects the chemical composition of the mineral.
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Kang, Nalae, Eun-A. Kim, Areumi Park, Seong-Yeong Heo, Jun-Ho Heo, and Soo-Jin Heo. "Antiviral Potential of Fucoxanthin, an Edible Carotenoid Purified from Sargassum siliquastrum, against Zika Virus." Marine Drugs 22, no. 6 (May 28, 2024): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md22060247.
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Considering the lack of antiviral drugs worldwide, we investigated the antiviral potential of fucoxanthin, an edible carotenoid purified from Sargassum siliquastrum, against zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The antiviral activity of fucoxanthin was assessed in ZIKV-infected Vero E6 cells, and the relevant structural characteristics were confirmed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Fucoxanthin decreased the infectious viral particles and nonstructural protein (NS)1 mRNA expression levels at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 µM in ZIKV-infected cells. Fucoxanthin also decreased the increased mRNA levels of interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeat 1 and 2 in ZIKV-infected cells. Molecular docking simulations revealed that fucoxanthin binds to three main ZIKV proteins, including the envelope protein, NS3, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), with binding energies of −151.449, −303.478, and −290.919 kcal/mol, respectively. The complex of fucoxanthin with RdRp was more stable than RdRp protein alone based on MD simulation. Further, fucoxanthin bonded to the three proteins via repeated formation and disappearance of hydrogen bonds. Overall, fucoxanthin exerts antiviral potential against ZIKV by affecting its three main proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, fucoxanthin isolated from S. siliquastrum is a potential candidate for treating zika virus infections.
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Xia, Ye, Congsheng Fu, Aimin Liao, Huawu Wu, Haohao Wu, and Haixia Zhang. "Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Rice-Wheat Rotation Croplands." Plants 13, no. 1 (December 20, 2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13010025.
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Cropland ecosystems are significant emission sources of N2O, but a limited number of studies have focused on the impact of extreme weather events on N2O fluxes from cropland. This present study integrated field observations and model simulations to explore the responses of N2O fluxes to extreme weather events in typical rice and wheat rotation croplands in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in China. The findings revealed that the studied rice-wheat rotation cropland exhibited a net source of N2O over the three-year monitoring period, with annual cumulative N2O emissions ranging from 190.4 to 261.8 mg N m−2. N2O emissions during the rice and wheat growing seasons accounted for 29% and 71% of the total yearly emissions, respectively. Extreme heat events led to a 23% to 32% increase in observed N2O emissions from cropland. Observed N2O emissions from irrigated rice fields during extreme precipitation events were 45% lower than those during extreme drought events. In contrast, extreme precipitation events raised observed N2O emissions from rain-fed wheat fields by 36% compared to the multi-year average, while extreme drought events reduced N2O emissions from wheat fields by 20%. Regional simulations indicated that annual cumulative N2O emissions from croplands in the MLRYR are projected to increase from 207.8 mg N m−2 under current climate to 303.4 mg N m−2 in the future. Given the episodic nature and uncertainties associated with N2O emissions from cropland, further validation is necessary for utilizing the model to explore the effects of extreme weather events on N2O in cropland ecosystems.
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Melendo-Azuela, Eva M., Julia González-Vaca, and Eva Cirera. "Fear of Falling in Older Adults Treated at a Geriatric Day Hospital: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (July 12, 2022): 8504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148504.
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(1) Background: The fear of falling (FOF) is a geriatric syndrome that causes a decrease in daily activities and personal autonomy. Its prevalence is highly variable as are the methodologies used to assess it. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence and describing the main determinants of FOF in older adults attending a geriatric day hospital. (2) Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of individuals aged ≥70 years, who attended an ambulatory functional rehabilitation group in the metropolitan area of Barcelona. FOF was assessed using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. Other recorded outcomes were: sex, age, marital status, living alone, level of education, degree of autonomy, pain, previous falls, visual acuity, and signs of depression. Prevalence was estimated overall and according to the possible determinants. (3) Results: The study included 62 individuals (66.1% women), with a prevalence of fear of falling of 38.7% (95% CI 26.2–51.2%). The identified determinants were pain (OR = 7.4, 95% CI 1.4–39.7), a history of falls (OR = 25.3, 95% CI 2.1–303.4), poor visual acuity (OR = 5.6, 95% CI 1.0–29.8), and signs of depression (OR = 19.3, 95% CI 1.4–264.3). (4) Conclusions: The prevalence and determinants of fear of falling in older adults attending geriatric day hospitals were similar to those described in those dwelling in the community.
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Lolla, Siddhartha, and Kumar Shiva Gubbiyappa. "BIO-ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATION OF RELUGOLIX IN PLASMA SAMPLES BY LC-MS/MS: APPLICATION TO BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY IN RABBITS." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 01 (2023): 494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1618105.
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A novel, sensitive, and specific LC-MS/MS technique was developed for the quantification of Relugolix in plasma and validated as per the regulatory guidelines. Elution of Relugolix and Canagliflozin was achieved on Inertsil C18 (150mm × 2.10mm i.d, 5.0 μm particles size) column with acetonitrile and 0.1% HCOOH as a mobile phasic system in the fraction of 90:10 with a flowrate of 0.8 mL/min. The sciex API 6000 triple quadrupole mass equipment was executed with the mode of multiple reactions and m/z 624.18/127.03 for Relugolix and m/z 445.14/267.12 for the Canagliflozin, were the optimized transitions. Relugolix exhibited a rectilinear plot in the range of 3.9 – 1500.0 ng/mL concentrations. The LC–MS/MS validated methodology was efficiently utilized for the assessment of Relugolix in the rabbit plasma. From the pharmacokinetics data, the mean of Cmax and Tmax were 42.01 ± 0.99 ng/mL and 5.922 ± 0.157, individually. Plasma conc. reduced with t1/2 of 8.28 ± 0.174. AUC0→Last value obtained was 303.437 ± 8.01 ng. h/ml, respectively. In short, the method that was produced has been successfully tested, and pharmacokinetic parameters were shown after healthy rabbits were given Relugolix orally.
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Badrudin, Badrudin. "IMPLEMENTASI PASAL 34 UUD 1945 DALAM PRAKTIK KEHIDUPAN BERBANGSA DI PROVINSI RIAU (PERSPEKTIF MAQÂSHID SYARÎ’AH TENTANG NAFKAH DAN HADHANAH)." Hukum Islam 19, no. 2 (December 23, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/hi.v19i1.7459.
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Dalam Pasal 34 UUD 1945 menjelaskan bahwa fakir miskin dan anak-anak yang terlantar dipelihara oleh negara. Sedangkan fakir miskin, dan anak-anak terlantar masih menjadi masalah yang besar bagi bangsa Indonesia. Di Indonesia di perkirakan jumlah anak terlantar mencapai 4,1 juta jiwa. Pada bulan Maret 2018, jumlah penduduk miskin (penduduk dengan pengeluaran per kapita per bulan di bawah Garis Kemiskinan) di Indonesia mencapai 25,95 juta orang (9,82 persen). Adapun data anak terlantar di Dinas Sosial Propinsi Riau tercatat 3.517 jiwa anak terlantar pada tahun 2017. Sedangkan data fakir miskin di Dinas Sosial Provinsi Riau tercatat sebanyak 303.438 jiwa pada tahun 2017. Ada tiga masalah pokok yang peneliti bahas (1) Implementasi Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dan Undang-undang perlindungan anak dalam praktik kehidupan berbangsa. (2) Kendala-kendala yang di hadapi oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan Pasal 34 UUD 1945 tentang nafkah dan hadhanah. (3) Solusi dalam syari’at Islam tentang nafkah dan hadhanah terhadap Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dalam perspektif maqȃshid syarȋ’ah.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Sedangkan pendekatan masalah adalah normatif-yuridis. Peneliti menggunakan dua sumber, yaitu : sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Adapun teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah kajian isi (content analysis).Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan fokus masalah adalah Pertama, Penerapan terhadap permasalahan fakir miskin dan anak terlantar tidak lepas dari tingginya tingkat penduduk mulai dari banyaknya pendatang, tingginya tingkat kebutuhan hidup, sempitnya lapangan pekerjaan dan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Sehingga ini menjadi fenomena yang sudah mulai kelihatan di Provinsi Riau.Kedua, Salah satu kendala yang di hadapi oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksaan Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dengan adanya faktor fakir miskin dan anak terlantar adalah Pertama, Terbatasnya lapangan pekerjaan yang tersedia. Kedua, Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat. Ketiga, Biaya kehidupan yang tinggi.Ketiga, Solusi dalam Islam memecahkan problem kemiskinan dibagi menjadi tiga metode. Metode Pertama: Jalan yang khusus, yang harus ditempuh oleh pihak fakir miskin itu sendiri. Fakir miskin wajib melakukan usaha, selama ia masih mempunyai kemampuan dan kesanggupan untuk bekerja. Bagi masyarakat, orang yang mampu dan pemerintah berkewajiban memberikan bantuan. Metode kedua: Jalan ini berpangkal kepada kesediaan masyarakat Islam untuk membantu. Mereka mempunyai tanggung jawab untuk mencukupi kebutuhan-kebutuhan fakir miskin, baik yang merupakan sumbangan wajib misalnya zakat dan kafarat, maupun yang tidak wajib misalnya wakaf dan sedekah. Metode ketiga: Jalan khusus, yang harus dilakukan oleh orang kaya dan pihak pemerintah. Secara syari’at Islam, pemerintah berkewajiban mencukupi kebutuhan fakir miskin, baik ia seorang Muslim atau bukan (kafir dzimmi), selama ia masih berada di bawah kekuasaan pemerintahan Islam.
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Zhang, J. Q., S. X. Zhang, J. Qiao, M. T. Qiu, and X. Li. "AB0500 THE LEVEL OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS WITH RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1377.1–1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2426.
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BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disorder. Infections are a most common cause of morbidity and mortality in this patient population[1] and at least 50% of patients with SLE are suffered with infections during the course of their disease [2]. Lymphocytes and Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of SLE[3]. In this study, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were detected in these patients, providing reference for early diagnosis and treatment of SLE patients with respiratory tract infection.ObjectivesTo analyze the detection level and clinical significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with SLE with respiratory tract infection.MethodsA total of 333 SLE patients with no recent infection, 95 SLE patients with respiratory tract infection, and 132 healthy individuals matched in age and sex were enrolled in the second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from July 2014 to December 2016. The characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in the three groups were compared and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the predictive value of lymphocyte subsets in SLE patients with respiratory tract infection.ResultsThe counts of T, B, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, NK, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tregs in SLE non-infection group and SLE infection group were [(1094.235 ± 574.495) / (702.781 ± 432.152), t= -7.169, P < 0.001], [(208.338 ± 210.448) / (177.55 ± 170.256), t = -1.306, P = 0.192], [(503.382 ± 303.498) / (304.075 ± 215.497), t = -7.168, P < 0.001], [(536.705 ± 344.218) / (358.034 ± 235.234), t = -5.802, P < 0.001], [(113.898 ± 101.48) / (61.768 ± 50.127), t = -6.831, P < 0.001], [(86.268 ± 89.081) / (47.92 ± 54.174), t = -3.367, P = 0.001], [(11.363 ± 9.834) / (6.628 ± 6.434), t = -3.622, P < 0.001], [(9.537 ± 10.12) / (5.346 ± 4.731), t = -3.646, P < 0.001], [(25.736 ± 27.013) / (20.78 ± 28.083), t =-1.037,P=0.301] (Figure 1).The above indexes in SLE infection group were lower than those in SLE non-infection groups. When lymphocyte subsets predict pulmonary infection in SLE, the AUC value of CD4 + count is the highest, and the cut-off is 387/ μ l(Table 1). The sensitivity and specificity of predicting SLE pulmonary infection were 75.8% and 38.6%(Figure 2).Table 1.Predictive value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in SLE complicated with respiratory tract infectionIndicatorAUCP valueJordan indexcut-offSusceptibilitySpecificity(%)(%)B0.5690.04083.99500.1830.4210.238CD40.714<0.0010.3723870.7580.386CD80.682<0.0010.3254050.7260.401CD4+ T /CD8+ T0.5690.0410.0000.7850.5370.370NK0.687<0.0010.30982.50.7680.460ConclusionThe absolute number of these subsets in infected SLE patients is significantly lower than that in uninfected patients, which indicates that the low absolute number of these cells can be used as an indicator of high infection risk in SLE patients. CD4 + T lymphocytes and NK cells in patients with respiratory tract infection are significantly lower, and can play a certain predictive value for SLE respiratory tract infection to a certain extent.References[1]Kedves M, Kosa F, Kunovszki P, Takacs P, Szabo MZ, et al. 2020. Large-scale mortality gap between SLE and control population is associated with increased infection-related mortality in lupus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 59:3443-51[2]Wang J, Niu R, Jiang L, Wang Y, Shao X, et al. 2019. The diagnostic values of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in identifying systemic lupus erythematosus infection and disease activity. Medicine (Baltimore) 98:e16798[3]Luo Q, Kong Y, Fu B, Li X, Huang Q, et al. 2021. Increased TIM-3(+)PD-1(+) NK cells are associated with the disease activity and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Exp. Med.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Jiang, Huiyong, Dil Momin Thapa, Xiangjun Cai, Chun Ma, and Mofei Wang. "Modified Laparoscopic Sugarbaker Repair of Parastomal Hernia With a Totally Extraperitoneal Technique." Frontiers in Surgery 8 (October 5, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2021.740430.
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Purpose: Many patients develop a parastomal hernia within the first 2 years of stoma formation, and even surgical repair is associated with high recurrence rates. An intraperitoneal approach is typically used for the laparoscopic repair of parastomal hernia; it is unknown whether a totally extraperitoneal technique (TEP) is feasible. Here we describe a laparoscopic TEP approach using a modified Sugarbaker method for the repair of parastomal hernia.Methods: Seven patients underwent parastomal hernia repair. The retrograde puncture technique was used to create the extrapneumoperitoneum, and the peritoneum was separated with a laparoscopic TEP approach; the mesh was placed using a modified Sugarbaker technique.Results: All patients had an oncologic etiology for stoma creation. The mean (±SD) size of the hernia defect was 3.1 ± 2.7 cm and the mesh size was 303.4 ± 96.8 cm2. The mean operative time was 195.5 ± 20.7 min and average length of hospital stay after surgery was 4.8 ± 2.1 days. One patient had intraoperative subcutaneous emphysema. The average follow-up time was 8.5 ± 2.7 months; mild pain occurred in 2 patients, 3 experienced seroma formation (with no special treatment required), and 1 had early intestinal obstruction (which was treated with conservative care). There was no hernia recurrence, wound complications, or infections of the surgical site or mesh during follow-up.Conclusion: A laparoscopic TEP technique is technically challenging but feasible. Modified laparoscopic Sugarbaker repair of a parastomal hernia with the TEP technique is safe and effective, although the recurrence rate and late complications require confirmation in more cases with long-term follow-up.
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Singh, Gajendra, V. K. Tewari, Ambuj, and Vinod Choudhary. "Biomechanical analysis of real‐time vibration exposure during mini combine harvester operation: A hybrid ANN–GA approach." Journal of Field Robotics, March 28, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.22328.
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AbstractThis research focuses on designing and evaluating ergonomic self‐propelled machinery seats to reduce whole‐body vibration (WBV) exposure among male and female agricultural workers. Subjects without musculoskeletal disorders were selected, and their anthropometric parameters were analyzed. An ergonomically refined seat, considering anthropometric dimensions and vibration reduction, was developed and tested. Vibration isolators using piezoelectric material enhanced operator comfort. In a laboratory experiment, real‐time one‐third octave band WBV data were collected using various seat types and engine speeds. At 1200 rpm, female operators experienced WBV levels between 3.42 and 13.40 m/s², while males ranged from 3.13 to 12.20 m/s². At 1600 rpm, females (T‐1) had WBV levels of 20.20–42.39 m/s², and males recorded 18.90–40.12 m/s². At 2000 rpm (T‐1), female operators WBV ranged from 246.71 to 303.45 m/s², and males from 248.10 to 300.13 m/s². At 2400 rpm (T‐1), female operators experienced WBV from 385.29 to 457.87 m/s², and males from 381.57 to 445.50 m/s². An integrated approach with artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms optimized machine operating parameters, resulting in minimum WBV levels. The highly accurate Multilayer Feed‐Forward Artificial Neural Network model (2‐10‐1) had a correlation (R) of 0.996 and a low mean‐squared error of 0.198. This research underscores the effectiveness of seat isolators in reducing vibrations and highlights the importance of considering both seat design and engine speed, especially concerning gender‐specific differences in vibration tolerance. It provides valuable insights for improving the comfort and safety of self‐propelled machinery operators in agriculture.
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Wei, Mingqing, Jingnian Ni, Jing Shi, Ting Li, Xiaoqing Xu, Chenmeng Li, Bin Qin, et al. "Plasma repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor levels are decreased in patients with Alzheimer's disease." BMC Geriatrics 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03163-8.
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Abstract Background Repressor element 1-silencing transcription (REST)/neuron-restrictive silencer factor is considered a new therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the relationship between AD and REST remains unclear. This study aimed to 1) examine plasma REST levels and REST gene levels in AD patients and 2) further explore the pathological relationships between REST protein levels and cognitive decline in clinical conditions, including medial temporal lobe atrophy. Methods Participants (n = 252, mean age 68.95 ± 8.78 years) were recruited in Beijing, China, and then divided into a normal cognition (NC) group (n = 89), an amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) group (n = 79), and an AD dementia group (n = 84) according to diagnostic criteria. All participants underwent neuropsychological assessments, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging scans (magnetic resonance imaging) at baseline. Plasma REST protein levels and the distribution of REST single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared among the three groups. Correlations between cognitive function, neuro-imaging results, and REST levels were determined by a multivariate linear regression analysis. Results The plasma REST levels in both the NC group (430.30 ± 303.43)pg/ml and aMCI group (414.27 ± 263.39)pg/ml were significantly higher than that in the AD dementia group (NC vs AD dementia group, p = 0.034; aMCI vs AD dementia group, p = 0.033). There was no significant difference between the NC and aMCI groups (p = 0.948). No significant difference was found among the three groups regarding the genotype distribution (rs2227902 and rs3976529 SNPs) of the REST gene. The REST level was correlated with the left medial temporal lobe atrophy index (r = 0.306, p = 0.023). After 6 months of follow-up, the REST level in the NC group was positively correlated with the change in the Mini-Mental State Examination score (r = 0.289, p = 0.02). Conclusion The plasma REST protein level is decreased in AD dementia patients, which is associated with memory impairment and left temporal lobe atrophy and may have potential value for clinical diagnosis of AD dementia.
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Li, Xiao C., Gary E. Shull, Elisa Miguel-Qin, and Jia L. Zhuo. "Abstract 42: A Novel Role of Proximal Tubular Na+/H+ Exchanger 3 (NHE3) in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension in Nhe3-/- Mice with Transgenic Rescue of NHE3 in Intestines." Hypertension 62, suppl_1 (September 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.62.suppl_1.a42.
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The Na +/ H + Exchanger 3 (NHE3) plays an important role in the regulation of Na + and HCO 3 - reabsorption in proximal tubules of the kidney, but its contribution to the renal mechanisms of angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension remains unknown. Using global NHE3-deficient mice with transgenic rescue of the NHE3 gene in intestines (tg Nhe3 -/- ) as a model of proximal tubule-specific Nhe3 -/- mice, we tested the hypothesis that deletion of NHE3 selectively in proximal tubules impairs long-term blood pressure responses to extracellular and intracellular ANG II. Three groups of wild-type (tg Nhe3 +/+ ) and six groups of tg Nhe3 -/- mice (n=>8 per group) were treated with vehicle, ANG II (40 ng/min, i.p.), or in vivo adenovirus-mediated transfer of an intracellular ANG II fusion protein, ECFP/ANG II, for 2 weeks. Under basal conditions, tgNhe3 -/- mice had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 119±3 mmHg vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 109±3 mmHg, p <0.01), glomerular filtration rate (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 148.7±13.0 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 83.9±5.1 μl/min, p <0.01), 24 h urine excretion (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 1.25±0.15 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 0.68±0.10 ml, p <0.05), 24 h urinary Na + excretion (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 210.5.1±10.3 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 36.3±2.3 μmol, p <0.01), and 24 h urinary K + excretion (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 343.8±19.4 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 125.5±13.3 μmol, p <0.01). By contrast, basal plasma ANG II (tgNhe3 +/+ : 303.4±26.9 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 397.7±27.2 pg/ml, p <0.05), aldosterone (tgNhe3 +/+ : 506±26.3 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 759.9±12.7 pg/ml, p <0.01), and the expression of Na + /HCO 3 - cotransporter and Na + /K + -ATPase proteins in proximal tubules ( p <0.01) were significantly increased in tg Nhe3 -/- mice. Deletion of NHE3 selectively in proximal tubules significantly attenuated the SBP responses to exogenous ANG II (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 50±3 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 33±5 mmHg, p <0.01) and intracellular ECFP/ANG II (tg Nhe3 +/+ : 18±3 vs. tg Nhe3 -/- : 6±2 mmHg, p <0.01) in tg Nhe3 -/- mice. 24 h urine and urinary Na + excretory responses to ANG II were also attenuated in these mice ( p <0.01), whereas ECFP/ANG II had no further effects on these responses. We concluded that NHE3 in proximal tubules of the kidney is required for maintaining long-term blood pressure responses to extracellular and intracellular ANG II and body salt and fluid homeostasis.
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Zelinsky, Deborah. "Using retinal neuromodulation to influence both glucose regulation and amyloid buildup." Alzheimer's & Dementia 19, S15 (December 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/alz.075594.
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AbstractBackgroundAmyloid buildup and glucose dysregulation are two processes attributed to Alzheimer’s Disease progression [1]. Each of these has extensive research regarding their involvement in retinal processing [2, 3]. Amyloid buildup has been measured in retinal and optic nerve locations, linked with circadian and cognitive circuitry. Cognitive changes are shown by thinning in retinal tissue that corresponds with hippocampal volume, and circadian rhythm is disrupted when specific retinal cells involved with sleep are the target of some plaques [4, 5]. The brain and ocular glymphatic systems are also retinal related and implicated in cognitive decline [6, 7].MethodOptical interventions to selectively stimulate retinal activity can be used to influence retinal neuromodulation.ResultRetinal stimulation can be used as a way to map the changing brain during neurodegeneration.ConclusionThe retina is part of the central nervous system and accessible to non‐invasive, external stimulation. Therefore, retinal usage to modulate the glymphatic system and glucose metabolism might change the course of neurodegeneration as both a method for detection and a way to mitigate symptoms.1. Hammond, T.C. and A.‐l. Lin, Glucose Metabolism is a Better Marker for Predicting Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease than Amyloid or Tau. Journal of cellular immunology, 2022. 4: p. 15 ‐ 18.2. Wang, L. and X. Mao, Role of Retinal Amyloid‐β in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Overlapping Mechanisms and Emerging Clinical Applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021. 22.3. Tams, A.L.M., et al., Decreased Glucose Metabolism and Glutamine Synthesis in the Retina of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2022. 42(1): p. 291‐303.4. Kim, J.‐I. and B.‐H. Kang, Decreased retinal thickness in patients with Alzheimer’s disease is correlated with disease severity. PLoS ONE, 2019. 14.5. Lee, S., et al., Amyloid Beta Immunoreactivity in the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer of the Alzheimer’s Eye. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020. 14.6. Wang, J., et al., Impaired glymphatic drainage underlying obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cognitive dysfunction. J Neurol, 2023.7. Wostyn, P., The “ocular glymphatic clearance system”: a key missing piece of the Alzheimer’s disease‐glaucoma puzzle found? Eye (Lond), 2021. 35(4): p. 1281.
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Liao, B., S. Banner, S. Vodnala, C. Able, K. Vu, J. Sonstein, L. Alzweri, and T. Kohn. "(258) Trends in Prevalence, Incidence and Pharmacological Prescriptions for Premature and Delayed Ejaculation – A Claims Database Analysis." Journal of Sexual Medicine 21, Supplement_1 (February 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdae001.246.
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Abstract Introduction Premature (PE) and delayed (DE) ejaculation are common male sexual dysfunction disorders. Despite a community-reported prevalence of approximately 30% for PE and 5% for DE, the clinical prevalence, incidence, and rates of pharmacological prescriptions for both disorders remain under-investigated in the literature. Objective Our objective is to assess the trends in prevalence, incidence, and pharmacological treatment of PE and DE using a large claims database. Methods The TriNetX Research database, a large insurance claims database, was queried to identify all adult (≥18 years) males that were evaluated from January 2012 through December 2022. The number of men diagnosed with PE (ICD-10 F52.4) and DE (F52.32 and N53.11) was compared to the total number of men evaluated using six-month intervals (January-June, July-December) to calculate percent prevalence and incidence. A chi-squared test of linear trends was performed for prevalence and incidence. Rates of prescribed treatments were calculated comparing the number of men receiving the treatment to the total number of men with the assessed disorder using six-month intervals for PE and one-year intervals for DE. Results A total of 17,647 adult males with a diagnosis of PE and 6,304 adult males with a diagnosis of DE were identified from January 2012 to December 2022. The prevalence and incidence for both disorders are found in Figure 1. The chi-square test for trends showed a significant increasing trend in the prevalence of PE (χ2 = 303.44, p-value = <0.0001) and DE (χ2 = 314.14, p-value = <0.0001) and incidence of PE (χ2 = 6.40, p-value = 0.0114) and DE (χ2 = 187.43, p-value = <0.0001). In the final period, 63.5% males with PE and 33.4% males with DE received at least one medication of the investigated therapies. The most common medications prescribed to men with PE were phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (25.7%), paroxetine (17.4%), topical anesthetics (13.4%), and sertraline (12.2%). The most common medications prescribed to men with DE were testosterone (11.7%), bupropion (12.2%), and cabergoline (10.0%). The prescription rates of all of the investigated medications for PE and DE are shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively. Conclusions In this large US claims database analysis, premature and delayed ejaculation are overall diagnosed at low but increasing rates. Furthermore, the rates of pharmacological prescriptions for PE remains relatively low, despite pharmacotherapy being recommended as first-line options under the current guidelines. Additional research is necessary to investigate the long-term efficacy of individual medications for both PE and DE. Disclosure No.