Academic literature on the topic '303.48/2'

e16115 Background: In the past clinical practice of radiotherapy for liver cancer, liver regeneration (LR) which is beneficial to the prevention or recovery of radiation-induced liver injury, has not received enough attention. In current study, we aimed to build and validate multivariate model for liver regeneration after radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on data from 2 prospective studies. Methods: Thirty patients treated with preoperative downstaging radiotherapy were prospectively included in the training cohort, and 21 patients treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy were included in the validation cohort. Liver regeneration was defined as an increase of more than 10% of normal liver volume in the areas of the protected hepatic segment or lobe, without Child-Pugh class decreased and tumor progression compared to pre-radiotherapy. Model and nomogram of liver regeneration after radiotherapy were developed and validated. The cut-off points of each optimal predictors were obtained using receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Risk stratification based on the cut-off point was conducted to compare the proportion of patients with liver regeneration between subgroups. Results: After radiotherapy, 12 (40%) cases in the training cohort and 13 (61.9%) cases in the validation cohort experienced liver regeneration. The model and nomogram of liver regeneration based on SVs20 (standard residual liver volume spared from at least 20 Gy) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed good prediction performance (AUC = 0.759) in training cohort and performed well (AUC = 0.808) in the validation cohort. The risk stratification according to the cutoffs of SVs20 with 303.4 mL and ALT with 43 U/L demonstrated clear differentiation in risk of liver regeneration between the training(P = 0.049) and entire cohort (P = 0.032). The proportion of patients with liver regeneration decrease progressively with 88.9% in high-probability group (ALT＜43 U/L and SVs20＜303.4 mL), 60% in high-intermediate probability group (ALT ≥43 U/L and SVs20＜303.4 mL), 43.75% in low-intermediate probability group (ALT＜43 U/L and SVs20≥303.4 mL) and 33% in low- probability group (ALT≥43 U/L and SVs20≥303.4 mL). Conclusions: SVs20 and ALT are optimal predictors for liver regeneration. This simple-to-use nomogram is beneficial to the constraints of normal liver outside the radiotherapy target area and make prognosis-based decision without complex calculations. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR1800015350. [Table: see text]

The reaction of PdAc2 and K2PtCl4 with the ligand 1-thia-4,7-diazacyclononan (C6H14N2S - L) yield crystals of [PdL2](PF6)2 (4) and [PtL2]Br2-H2O (5), respectively. The structures of 4 and 5 have been determined.Crystal data: 4, monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 719.2(1), b = 1712.5(3), c = 936.8(2) pm. β = 99.15°, Z = 2; 1708 reflections, R = 0.029.5, monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 1682(2). b = 786(1), c = 1573(1) pm. β = 108.1(1)°, Z - 4; 1706 reflections, R = 0.070. 4 contains octahedrally coordinated Pd(II); in addition to the square planar PdN4 group (mean Pd -N bond length 206 pm) the S-donor atoms are weakly coordinated in the axial positions (Pd-S: 303.4(1) pm). In 5, however, Pt(II) is in a square planar ligand environment. The S-donor atoms are bent away from the axial positions of the central atom.

Road deposited sediments (RDS) swept from highways in South Korea were characterized to quantitatively evaluate the reduction in non-point source pollutants by sweeping. The swept RDS consisted primarily of sand (63 μm to 2 mm) particles (80.34 ± 8.33% of total weight) highly contaminated by organics, nutrients and heavy metals. The average concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), volatile solids (VS), total nitrogen (T-N), and total phosphorus (T-P) were 20.17 ± 9.13, 1.04 ± 0.62, 39.92 ± 16.55, 1.99 ± 0.96, and 0.54 ± 0.19 g kg−1 (±one standard deviation), respectively, for 63 μm to 2 mm RDS. The concentrations of the pollutants were high for RDS smaller than 63 μm, but most of the mass was associated with the 63 μm to 2 mm RDS. The results suggest that the pollutants associated with RDS swept from highways originated mainly from engine wear, exhaust emissions, and tire wear. These results were different from the RDS on roads in residential and commercial areas, where natural particles and brake wear contribute significantly to RDS. In addition, the reductions in TOC, BOD, VS, T-N, T-P, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and As based on the swept RDS measurements were calculated to be 3,355.3, 175.1, 6,621.4, 323.0, 88.3, 30.3, 13.7, 1.0, 303.4, 11,198.7, and 0.4 g km−1, respectively.

AbstractAlumoåkermanite, (Ca,Na)2(Al,Mg,Fe2+)(Si2O7), is a new mineral member of the melilite group from the active carbonatite-nephelinite-phonolite volcano Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. The mineral occurs as tabular phenocrysts and microphenocrysts in melilite-nephelinitic ashes and lapilli-tuffs. Alumoåkermanite is light brown in colour; it is transparent, with a vitreous lustre and the streak is white. Cleavages or partings are not observed. The mineral is brittle with an uneven fracture. The measured density is 2.96(2) g/cm3. The Mohs hardness is ~4.5–6. Alumoåkermanite is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.635(1) and ε = 1.624–1.626(1). In a 30 mm thin section (+N), the mineral has a yellow to orange interference colour, straight extinction and positive elongation, and is nonpleochroic. The average chemical formula of the mineral derived from electron microprobe analyses is: (Ca1.48Na0.50Sr0.02 K0.01)(Si1.99Al0.01O7). Alumoåkermanite is tetragonal, space group P421m with a = 7.7661(4) Å, c = 5.0297(4) Å, V = 303.4(1) Å3 and Z = 2. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/Io), hkl] are: 3.712, (13), (111); 3.075, (25), (201); 2.859, (100), (211); 2.456, (32), (311); 1.757, (19), (312). Single-crystal structure refinement (R1 = 0.018) revealed structure topology typical of the melilite-group minerals, i.e. tetrahedral [(Al,Mg)(Si2O7)] sheets interleaved with layers of (CaNa) cations. The name reflects the chemical composition of the mineral.

Considering the lack of antiviral drugs worldwide, we investigated the antiviral potential of fucoxanthin, an edible carotenoid purified from Sargassum siliquastrum, against zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The antiviral activity of fucoxanthin was assessed in ZIKV-infected Vero E6 cells, and the relevant structural characteristics were confirmed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Fucoxanthin decreased the infectious viral particles and nonstructural protein (NS)1 mRNA expression levels at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 µM in ZIKV-infected cells. Fucoxanthin also decreased the increased mRNA levels of interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeat 1 and 2 in ZIKV-infected cells. Molecular docking simulations revealed that fucoxanthin binds to three main ZIKV proteins, including the envelope protein, NS3, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), with binding energies of −151.449, −303.478, and −290.919 kcal/mol, respectively. The complex of fucoxanthin with RdRp was more stable than RdRp protein alone based on MD simulation. Further, fucoxanthin bonded to the three proteins via repeated formation and disappearance of hydrogen bonds. Overall, fucoxanthin exerts antiviral potential against ZIKV by affecting its three main proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, fucoxanthin isolated from S. siliquastrum is a potential candidate for treating zika virus infections.

Cropland ecosystems are significant emission sources of N2O, but a limited number of studies have focused on the impact of extreme weather events on N2O fluxes from cropland. This present study integrated field observations and model simulations to explore the responses of N2O fluxes to extreme weather events in typical rice and wheat rotation croplands in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in China. The findings revealed that the studied rice-wheat rotation cropland exhibited a net source of N2O over the three-year monitoring period, with annual cumulative N2O emissions ranging from 190.4 to 261.8 mg N m−2. N2O emissions during the rice and wheat growing seasons accounted for 29% and 71% of the total yearly emissions, respectively. Extreme heat events led to a 23% to 32% increase in observed N2O emissions from cropland. Observed N2O emissions from irrigated rice fields during extreme precipitation events were 45% lower than those during extreme drought events. In contrast, extreme precipitation events raised observed N2O emissions from rain-fed wheat fields by 36% compared to the multi-year average, while extreme drought events reduced N2O emissions from wheat fields by 20%. Regional simulations indicated that annual cumulative N2O emissions from croplands in the MLRYR are projected to increase from 207.8 mg N m−2 under current climate to 303.4 mg N m−2 in the future. Given the episodic nature and uncertainties associated with N2O emissions from cropland, further validation is necessary for utilizing the model to explore the effects of extreme weather events on N2O in cropland ecosystems.

(1) Background: The fear of falling (FOF) is a geriatric syndrome that causes a decrease in daily activities and personal autonomy. Its prevalence is highly variable as are the methodologies used to assess it. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence and describing the main determinants of FOF in older adults attending a geriatric day hospital. (2) Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of individuals aged ≥70 years, who attended an ambulatory functional rehabilitation group in the metropolitan area of Barcelona. FOF was assessed using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. Other recorded outcomes were: sex, age, marital status, living alone, level of education, degree of autonomy, pain, previous falls, visual acuity, and signs of depression. Prevalence was estimated overall and according to the possible determinants. (3) Results: The study included 62 individuals (66.1% women), with a prevalence of fear of falling of 38.7% (95% CI 26.2–51.2%). The identified determinants were pain (OR = 7.4, 95% CI 1.4–39.7), a history of falls (OR = 25.3, 95% CI 2.1–303.4), poor visual acuity (OR = 5.6, 95% CI 1.0–29.8), and signs of depression (OR = 19.3, 95% CI 1.4–264.3). (4) Conclusions: The prevalence and determinants of fear of falling in older adults attending geriatric day hospitals were similar to those described in those dwelling in the community.

A novel, sensitive, and specific LC-MS/MS technique was developed for the quantification of Relugolix in plasma and validated as per the regulatory guidelines. Elution of Relugolix and Canagliflozin was achieved on Inertsil C18 (150mm × 2.10mm i.d, 5.0 μm particles size) column with acetonitrile and 0.1% HCOOH as a mobile phasic system in the fraction of 90:10 with a flowrate of 0.8 mL/min. The sciex API 6000 triple quadrupole mass equipment was executed with the mode of multiple reactions and m/z 624.18/127.03 for Relugolix and m/z 445.14/267.12 for the Canagliflozin, were the optimized transitions. Relugolix exhibited a rectilinear plot in the range of 3.9 – 1500.0 ng/mL concentrations. The LC–MS/MS validated methodology was efficiently utilized for the assessment of Relugolix in the rabbit plasma. From the pharmacokinetics data, the mean of Cmax and Tmax were 42.01 ± 0.99 ng/mL and 5.922 ± 0.157, individually. Plasma conc. reduced with t1/2 of 8.28 ± 0.174. AUC0→Last value obtained was 303.437 ± 8.01 ng. h/ml, respectively. In short, the method that was produced has been successfully tested, and pharmacokinetic parameters were shown after healthy rabbits were given Relugolix orally.

Dalam Pasal 34 UUD 1945 menjelaskan bahwa fakir miskin dan anak-anak yang terlantar dipelihara oleh negara. Sedangkan fakir miskin, dan anak-anak terlantar masih menjadi masalah yang besar bagi bangsa Indonesia. Di Indonesia di perkirakan jumlah anak terlantar mencapai 4,1 juta jiwa. Pada bulan Maret 2018, jumlah penduduk miskin (penduduk dengan pengeluaran per kapita per bulan di bawah Garis Kemiskinan) di Indonesia mencapai 25,95 juta orang (9,82 persen). Adapun data anak terlantar di Dinas Sosial Propinsi Riau tercatat 3.517 jiwa anak terlantar pada tahun 2017. Sedangkan data fakir miskin di Dinas Sosial Provinsi Riau tercatat sebanyak 303.438 jiwa pada tahun 2017. Ada tiga masalah pokok yang peneliti bahas (1) Implementasi Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dan Undang-undang perlindungan anak dalam praktik kehidupan berbangsa. (2) Kendala-kendala yang di hadapi oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan Pasal 34 UUD 1945 tentang nafkah dan hadhanah. (3) Solusi dalam syari’at Islam tentang nafkah dan hadhanah terhadap Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dalam perspektif maqȃshid syarȋ’ah.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Sedangkan pendekatan masalah adalah normatif-yuridis. Peneliti menggunakan dua sumber, yaitu : sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Adapun teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah kajian isi (content analysis).Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan fokus masalah adalah Pertama, Penerapan terhadap permasalahan fakir miskin dan anak terlantar tidak lepas dari tingginya tingkat penduduk mulai dari banyaknya pendatang, tingginya tingkat kebutuhan hidup, sempitnya lapangan pekerjaan dan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Sehingga ini menjadi fenomena yang sudah mulai kelihatan di Provinsi Riau.Kedua, Salah satu kendala yang di hadapi oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksaan Pasal 34 UUD 1945 dengan adanya faktor fakir miskin dan anak terlantar adalah Pertama, Terbatasnya lapangan pekerjaan yang tersedia. Kedua, Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat. Ketiga, Biaya kehidupan yang tinggi.Ketiga, Solusi dalam Islam memecahkan problem kemiskinan dibagi menjadi tiga metode. Metode Pertama: Jalan yang khusus, yang harus ditempuh oleh pihak fakir miskin itu sendiri. Fakir miskin wajib melakukan usaha, selama ia masih mempunyai kemampuan dan kesanggupan untuk bekerja. Bagi masyarakat, orang yang mampu dan pemerintah berkewajiban memberikan bantuan. Metode kedua: Jalan ini berpangkal kepada kesediaan masyarakat Islam untuk membantu. Mereka mempunyai tanggung jawab untuk mencukupi kebutuhan-kebutuhan fakir miskin, baik yang merupakan sumbangan wajib misalnya zakat dan kafarat, maupun yang tidak wajib misalnya wakaf dan sedekah. Metode ketiga: Jalan khusus, yang harus dilakukan oleh orang kaya dan pihak pemerintah. Secara syari’at Islam, pemerintah berkewajiban mencukupi kebutuhan fakir miskin, baik ia seorang Muslim atau bukan (kafir dzimmi), selama ia masih berada di bawah kekuasaan pemerintahan Islam.

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disorder. Infections are a most common cause of morbidity and mortality in this patient population[1] and at least 50% of patients with SLE are suffered with infections during the course of their disease [2]. Lymphocytes and Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of SLE[3]. In this study, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were detected in these patients, providing reference for early diagnosis and treatment of SLE patients with respiratory tract infection.ObjectivesTo analyze the detection level and clinical significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with SLE with respiratory tract infection.MethodsA total of 333 SLE patients with no recent infection, 95 SLE patients with respiratory tract infection, and 132 healthy individuals matched in age and sex were enrolled in the second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from July 2014 to December 2016. The characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in the three groups were compared and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the predictive value of lymphocyte subsets in SLE patients with respiratory tract infection.ResultsThe counts of T, B, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, NK, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tregs in SLE non-infection group and SLE infection group were [(1094.235 ± 574.495) / (702.781 ± 432.152), t= -7.169, P < 0.001], [(208.338 ± 210.448) / (177.55 ± 170.256), t = -1.306, P = 0.192], [(503.382 ± 303.498) / (304.075 ± 215.497), t = -7.168, P < 0.001], [(536.705 ± 344.218) / (358.034 ± 235.234), t = -5.802, P < 0.001], [(113.898 ± 101.48) / (61.768 ± 50.127), t = -6.831, P < 0.001], [(86.268 ± 89.081) / (47.92 ± 54.174), t = -3.367, P = 0.001], [(11.363 ± 9.834) / (6.628 ± 6.434), t = -3.622, P < 0.001], [(9.537 ± 10.12) / (5.346 ± 4.731), t = -3.646, P < 0.001], [(25.736 ± 27.013) / (20.78 ± 28.083), t =-1.037,P=0.301] (Figure 1).The above indexes in SLE infection group were lower than those in SLE non-infection groups. When lymphocyte subsets predict pulmonary infection in SLE, the AUC value of CD4 + count is the highest, and the cut-off is 387/ μ l(Table 1). The sensitivity and specificity of predicting SLE pulmonary infection were 75.8% and 38.6%(Figure 2).Table 1.Predictive value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in SLE complicated with respiratory tract infectionIndicatorAUCP valueJordan indexcut-offSusceptibilitySpecificity(%)(%)B0.5690.04083.99500.1830.4210.238CD40.714<0.0010.3723870.7580.386CD80.682<0.0010.3254050.7260.401CD4+ T /CD8+ T0.5690.0410.0000.7850.5370.370NK0.687<0.0010.30982.50.7680.460ConclusionThe absolute number of these subsets in infected SLE patients is significantly lower than that in uninfected patients, which indicates that the low absolute number of these cells can be used as an indicator of high infection risk in SLE patients. CD4 + T lymphocytes and NK cells in patients with respiratory tract infection are significantly lower, and can play a certain predictive value for SLE respiratory tract infection to a certain extent.References[1]Kedves M, Kosa F, Kunovszki P, Takacs P, Szabo MZ, et al. 2020. Large-scale mortality gap between SLE and control population is associated with increased infection-related mortality in lupus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 59:3443-51[2]Wang J, Niu R, Jiang L, Wang Y, Shao X, et al. 2019. The diagnostic values of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in identifying systemic lupus erythematosus infection and disease activity. Medicine (Baltimore) 98:e16798[3]Luo Q, Kong Y, Fu B, Li X, Huang Q, et al. 2021. Increased TIM-3(+)PD-1(+) NK cells are associated with the disease activity and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Exp. Med.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

Ο ορισμός και η ανάλυση της έννοιας του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού και συγκεκριμένα των διαφόρων παραγόντων που συντελούν στο φαινόμενο αυτό. Η καταγραφή των μεγάλων συγκοινωνιακών έργων που έχουν ολοκληρωθεί και εκείνων που είναι υπό κατασκευή και πως εκείνα έχουν βοηθήσει στην καταπολέμηση του συγκεκριμένου φαινομένου στη περιοχή της Δυτικής Ελλάδος και συγκεκριμένα στο νομό Αιτωλοακαρνανίας
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