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Journal articles on the topic '3-d photography'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Singh, G. Dave. "3-D Photography Combined With Conventional and 3-D Analysis." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 63, no. 8 (August 2005): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2005.05.016.

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2

Burleigh, Peter. "Photogenic Intensions." Magic, Vol. 5, no. 1 (2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m8.060.art.

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What is a photograph? What a spurious, redundant start! After all, a photograph is clearly an image, a technical image of something. What a photograph is – such a stupid question! Yet, the casual announcement of the photograph as signification relies on an a priori truth that orients our thinking, our identities, our institutions. For it is “in terms of this self-apparent image of thought that everybody knows and is presumed to know what it means to think.” Collaging Deleuze and Bergson, intuition teaches us that an image is a nexus of force in itself, or as Anne Sauvagnargues suggests, what is crucial to images is how they cut into the world. As real enfoldings of the virtual and actual, photographs are the territories of a multiplicity of sensations – a genesis, the real actual of a diagrammatic structuring of the world in registers of time and space. Roger Fenton’s The Queen’s Target made at Queen Victoria’s opening of the first Rifle Association in 1860 is an entry point to thinking deeper signalisation in photographs. While the 3-D work by Andreas Angelidakis indicates photogenetic zones of intensity, temporal dislodgment, and the event of photogenesis actualized in physical form. Keywords: photogenesis, virtual, photography and event, ontology of the image, photography and information, philosophy of photography
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Naemura, T., T. Yoshida, and H. Harashima. "3-D computer graphics based on integral photography." Optics Express 8, no. 4 (February 12, 2001): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000255.

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4

Connes, Pierre, and Etienne le Coarer. "3-D Spectroscopy: The Historical and Logical viewpoint." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 149 (1995): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110002265x.

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AbstractThe present review consists of two parts. The first is mostly of historical interest: the largely-forgotten Lippmann color-photography technique is recalled. The second part is wholly devoted to a critical comparative study of the recently- developed techniques.
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Huang, Shao-Kang, Cheng-Chieh Yang, Kuang-Tsu Shih, and Homer H. Chen. "Using Disparity Information for Stereo Autofocus in 3-D Photography." Electronic Imaging 2016, no. 18 (February 14, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2016.18.dpmi-254.

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Larsson, Linda, Mikael Sjödahl, and Fredrik Thuvander. "Microscopic 3-D displacement field measurements using digital speckle photography." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 41, no. 5 (May 2004): 767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-8166(03)00028-9.

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Häsler, Leonie. "Stereo Imaging In Fashion Photography." Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31165/nk.2018.111.528.

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Fashion photographs are generally two-dimensional images showing one side of a three-dimensional model. This paper, however, deals with far less well-known stereoscopic fashion photographs. Stereoscopy is a technique that creates the illusion of a 3-D image. Based on the image collection of Swiss textile and clothes company HANRO, the article analyzes the composition of 3-D pictures by putting them in a broader media-historical context. The archived stereoscopic photographs date back to the 1950s and show a series of women’s fashion. In the same period, Hollywood experienced a 3-D-boom that may have had a technical and aesthetical impact on these photographs. Although fashion is not mediated in moving images in this case study, codes or formal languages of a film are inscribed in the images, as will be shown in the following text. Building on these findings, this paper further discusses the influence of cinematography and other media practices on the fashion industry’s attempt to free its fashion imagery from the confines of a two-dimensional page.
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Polo, María-Eugenia, José M. Vaquero, and Ángel M. Felicísimo. "Metric Properties of Sundials using 3-D Models from Digital Photography." Historical Archaeology 51, no. 4 (July 20, 2017): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41636-017-0047-x.

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Synnergren, Per, and Mikael Sjödahl. "A stereoscopic digital speckle photography system for 3-D displacement field measurements." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 31, no. 6 (June 1999): 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-8166(99)00040-8.

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10

Boynton, Paul A., and Edward F. Kelley. "Binocular Fusion Camera Enables Photography of 3-D Displays for Evaluation Purposes." Information Display 29, no. 3 (May 2013): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2637-496x.2013.tb00612.x.

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Che, Yingpu, Qing Wang, Ziwen Xie, Long Zhou, Shuangwei Li, Fang Hui, Xiqing Wang, Baoguo Li, and Yuntao Ma. "Estimation of maize plant height and leaf area index dynamics using an unmanned aerial vehicle with oblique and nadir photography." Annals of Botany 126, no. 4 (May 20, 2020): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa097.

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Abstract Background and Aims High-throughput phenotyping is a limitation in plant genetics and breeding due to large-scale experiments in the field. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can help to extract plant phenotypic traits rapidly and non-destructively with high efficiency. The general aim of this study is to estimate the dynamic plant height and leaf area index (LAI) by nadir and oblique photography with a UAV, and to compare the integrity of the established three-dimensional (3-D) canopy by these two methods. Methods Images were captured by a high-resolution digital RGB camera mounted on a UAV at five stages with nadir and oblique photography, and processed by Agisoft Metashape to generate point clouds, orthomosaic maps and digital surface models. Individual plots were segmented according to their positions in the experimental design layout. The plant height of each inbred line was calculated automatically by a reference ground method. The LAI was calculated by the 3-D voxel method. The reconstructed canopy was sliced into different layers to compare leaf area density obtained from oblique and nadir photography. Key Results Good agreements were found for plant height between nadir photography, oblique photography and manual measurement during the whole growing season. The estimated LAI by oblique photography correlated better with measured LAI (slope = 0.87, R2 = 0.67), compared with that of nadir photography (slope = 0.74, R2 = 0.56). The total number of point clouds obtained by oblique photography was about 2.7–3.1 times than those by nadir photography. Leaf area density calculated by nadir photography was much less than that obtained by oblique photography, especially near the plant base. Conclusions Plant height and LAI can be extracted automatically and efficiently by both photography methods. Oblique photography can provide intensive point clouds and relatively complete canopy information at low cost. The reconstructed 3-D profile of the plant canopy can be easily recognized by oblique photography.
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Machida, Kenji. "Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis by Three-dimensional Local Hybrid Method." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.523.

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In the displacement measurement inside a specimen by speckle photography, it is not easy to get clear Young's fringes images. Stress-intensity factors of mixed mode can be estimated by embedded speckle photography. However, the error of the stress intensity factor inside a specimen was considerably large. To evaluate the 3-D stress field inside the specimen from displacement data on the free surface obtained from the 2-D intelligent hybrid method, we developed the 3-D local hybrid method based on an inverse problem analysis. The accuracy of the 3-D local hybrid method varies depending on the depth of the plane of error assessment, hybrid domain size, and specimen thickness. Hence the optimal analysis conditions were discussed.
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Kotoula, Eleni, David W. Robinson, Devlin Gandy, and Edward A. Jolie. "Computational Photography, 3-D Modeling, and Online Publication of Basketry for Cache Cave, California." Advances in Archaeological Practice 7, no. 4 (August 8, 2019): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2019.23.

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ABSTRACTAdvanced 2-D and 3-D computer visualizations are increasingly being used for recording and documentation, analysis, dissemination, and public engagement purposes. Recent technological advances not only considerably improve data acquisition, processing, and analysis but also enable easy and efficient online presentation. This article evaluates the contributions of advanced 2-D and 3-D computer visualization and discusses the potential of 3-D modeling for recording basketry technology and documenting the state of preservation of baskets. It explores the available analysis, integration, and online dissemination tools, using as case studies recently excavated baskets from Cache Cave in southern California. Results indicate that the proposed methodology, which incorporates reflectance transformation imaging visualizations and photogrammetric 3-D models, which are further processed using 3-D modeling software and integrated analysis tools and then transformed to a Web-based format, is a useful addition to the basketry analysis toolkit.
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Sanpei, Akio, Naoki Takao, Yusuke Kato, and Yasuaki Hayashi. "Initial Result of 3-D Reconstruction of Dusty Plasma Through Integral Photography Technique." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 44, no. 4 (April 2016): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2015.2498942.

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KANDA, Tetsushi, Yuichi MURAI, Yuji TASAKA, Yasushi TAKEDA, Hideaki TEZUKA, and Michitsugu MORI. "D203 Development of 3-D Trajectory Measurement System for Birds using Stereoscopic Photography." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2008.13 (2008): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2008.13.405.

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Mao, Lingtao, Haizhou Liu, Yuwei Wang, Leilei Ding, Yang Ju, and Fu-Pen Chiang. "3-D strain estimation in sandstone using improved digital volumetric speckle photography algorithm." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 141 (May 2021): 104736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104736.

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17

Styliadis, Athanasios D., and Lazaros A. Sechidis. "Photography-based façade recovery & 3-d modeling: A CAD application in Cultural Heritage." Journal of Cultural Heritage 12, no. 3 (July 2011): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2010.12.008.

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18

Yagmurlu, Kaan, Albert L. Rhoton, Necmettin Tanriover, and Jeffrey A. Bennett. "Three-Dimensional Microsurgical Anatomy and the Safe Entry Zones of the Brainstem." Operative Neurosurgery 10, no. 4 (June 30, 2014): 602–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000466.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: There have been no studies of the structure and safe surgical entry zones of the brainstem based on fiber dissection studies combined with 3-dimensional (3-D) photography. OBJECTIVE: To examine the 3-D internal architecture and relationships of the proposed safe entry zones into the midbrain, pons, and medulla. METHODS: Fifteen formalin and alcohol-fixed human brainstems were dissected by using fiber dissection techniques, ×6 to ×40 magnification, and 3-D photography to define the anatomy and the safe entry zones. The entry zones evaluated were the perioculomotor, lateral mesencephalic sulcus, and supra- and infracollicular areas in the midbrain; the peritrigeminal zone, supra- and infrafacial approaches, acoustic area, and median sulcus above the facial colliculus in the pons; and the anterolateral, postolivary, and dorsal medullary sulci in the medulla. RESULTS: The safest approach for lesions located below the surface is usually the shortest and most direct route. Previous studies have often focused on surface structures. In this study, the deeper structures that may be at risk in each of the proposed safe entry zones plus the borders of each entry zone were defined. This study includes an examination of the relationships of the cerebellar peduncles, long tracts, intra-axial segments of the cranial nerves, and important nuclei of the brainstem to the proposed safe entry zones. CONCLUSION: Fiber dissection technique in combination with the 3-D photography is a useful addition to the goal of making entry into the brainstem more accurate and safe.
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Brush, Jade A., Terry L. Pavlis, José M. Hurtado, Kelsey A. Mason, Jeffrey R. Knott, and Keith E. Williams. "Evaluation of field methods for 3-D mapping and 3-D visualization of complex metamorphic structure using multiview stereo terrain models from ground-based photography." Geosphere 15, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 188–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01691.1.

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20

Ao, Yun Hui. "High Speed Photography and 3-D CFD Simulation of Pulsed Anti-Riots Water Cannon Launch Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 1301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.1301.

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In order to study the atomization mechanism of gas-liquid two-phase flow, high speed camera was used to photo the water-jet, the jet images at different time were gained, CFD technology was used to simulate the launch process of water cannon in 3-D Model, Large Eddy Simulation and VOF model were used to describe the turbulent flow and track the gas-liquid interface in and out of launch pipe. The gas-liquid distribution image of experiment and simulation, water-jet velocity of experiment and simulation both matched well with other. The simulation results show that the flow pattern in launch pipe of water cannon changed from atomization pattern to annular pattern and finally slug pattern, the conclusion has significant meaning to the study of second spray and first atomization of water-jet.
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Nikolaeva, O. V., and A. A. Kokhanovsky. "Theoretical study of solar light reflectance from vertical snow surfaces." Cryosphere Discussions 6, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 4205–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-6-4205-2012.

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Abstract. The influence of horizontal and vertical inhomegeneity of snow surfaces on solar light reflectance is studied using the radiative transfer theory (RTT). We found that large errors are produced if the 1-D RTT is used for the calculation of snow reflection function (and, therefore, also in the retrievals of the snow grain radii) in 3-D measurement geometries. Such 3-D geometries are common in the procedures for the determination of the effective snow grain radii using near infrared photography and spectroscopy of vertical snow walls.
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Behrman, Caroline, Roy Van Arsdale, Youngsang Kwon, Kerry Stockslager, Dave Leverett, and David Lumsden. "Drone Geologic Mapping of an Active Sand and Gravel Quarry, Desoto County, Mississippi." Drones 3, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3030057.

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Aerial drone photography of an active pit within a sand and gravel quarry in DeSoto County, Mississippi, was conducted to better understand the Upland Complex, which is a high-level Pliocene terrace of the Mississippi River. The Upland Complex is of great interest economically, as it is the primary source of sand and gravel for Memphis, Tennessee and the surrounding region. The pit dimensions were approximately 820 ft (250 m) by 655 ft (200 m) and 79-ft (24 m) deep upon completion of the mining. Eight 3-D models of the pit were made at different times to illustrate the mining progression. Oblique and horizontal stereo aerial photography of the highwalls was conducted to produce 3-D models and high-resolution photomosaics of the highwalls for geologic mapping and interpretation. The mapped highwall geology included Pliocene Mississippi River bars consisting of sand, sand and gravel, and gravel ranging in thickness from 2 ft (0.6 m) to 32.8 ft (10 m), with variable cross-bed dip directions suggesting a meandering river environment of deposition. Pleistocene loess overlies the Pliocene sediment. The highwalls also revealed northerly-striking late Pliocene or Pleistocene tectonic folding, faulting, and probable earthquake liquefaction in northwestern Mississippi, where no Pliocene or Quaternary tectonic deformation had previously been reported. This study demonstrated Drone aerial photography as a quick, low cost, and safe means to study poorly accessible open-pit mining and to help understand the geology of the lower Mississippi River Valley.
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Martin, Corby K., Hongmei Han, Sandra M. Coulon, H. Raymond Allen, Catherine M. Champagne, and Stephen D. Anton. "A novel method to remotely measure food intake of free-living individuals in real time: the remote food photography method." British Journal of Nutrition 101, no. 3 (July 11, 2008): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508027438.

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The aim of the present study was to report the first reliability and validity tests of the remote food photography method (RFPM), which consists of camera-enabled cell phones with data transfer capability. Participants take and transmit photographs of food selection and plate waste to researchers/clinicians for analysis. Following two pilot studies, adult participants (n 52; BMI 20–35 kg/m2 inclusive) were randomly assigned to the dine-in or take-out group. Energy intake (EI) was measured for 3 d. The dine-in group ate lunch and dinner in the laboratory. The take-out group ate lunch in the laboratory and dinner in free-living conditions (participants received a cooler with pre-weighed food that they returned the following morning). EI was measured with the RFPM and by directly weighing foods. The RFPM was tested in laboratory and free-living conditions. Reliability was tested over 3 d and validity was tested by comparing directly weighed EI to EI estimated with the RFPM using Bland–Altman analysis. The RFPM produced reliable EI estimates over 3 d in laboratory (r 0·62; P < 0·0001) and free-living (r 0·68; P < 0·0001) conditions. Weighed EI correlated highly with EI estimated with the RFPM in laboratory and free-living conditions (r>0·93; P < 0·0001). In two laboratory-based validity tests, the RFPM underestimated EI by − 4·7 % (P = 0·046) and − 5·5 % (P = 0·076). In free-living conditions, the RFPM underestimated EI by − 6·6 % (P = 0·017). Bias did not differ by body weight or age. The RFPM is a promising new method for accurately measuring the EI of free-living individuals. Error associated with the method is small compared with self-report methods.
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Fuentes, Sigfredo, Anthony R. Palmer, Daniel Taylor, Melanie Zeppel, Rhys Whitley, and Derek Eamus. "An automated procedure for estimating the leaf area index (LAI) of woodland ecosystems using digital imagery, MATLAB programming and its application to an examination of the relationship between remotely sensed and field measurements of LAI." Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 10 (2008): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp08045.

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Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important variables required for modelling growth and water use of forests. Functional–structural plant models use these models to represent physiological processes in 3-D tree representations. Accuracy of these models depends on accurate estimation of LAI at tree and stand scales for validation purposes. A recent method to estimate LAI from digital images (LAID) uses digital image capture and gap fraction analysis (Macfarlane et al. 2007b) of upward-looking digital photographs to capture canopy LAID (cover photography). After implementing this technique in Australian evergreen Eucalyptus woodland, we have improved the method of image analysis and replaced the time consuming manual technique with an automated procedure using a script written in MATLAB 7.4 (LAIM). Furthermore, we used this method to compare MODIS LAI values with LAID values for a range of woodlands in Australia to obtain LAI at the forest scale. Results showed that the MATLAB script developed was able to successfully automate gap analysis to obtain LAIM. Good relationships were achieved when comparing averaged LAID and LAIM (LAIM = 1.009 – 0.0066 LAID; R2 = 0.90) and at the forest scale, MODIS LAI compared well with LAID (MODIS LAI = 0.9591 LAID – 0.2371; R2 = 0.89). This comparison improved when correcting LAID with the clumping index to obtain effective LAI (MODIS LAI = 1.0296 LAIe + 0.3468; R2 = 0.91). Furthermore, the script developed incorporates a function to connect directly a digital camera, or high resolution webcam, from a laptop to obtain cover photographs and LAI analysis in real time. The later is a novel feature which is not available on commercial LAI analysis softwares for cover photography. This script is available for interested researchers.
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Roelofs, Kelsey A., Roderick O’Day, Lamis Al Harby, Gordon Hay, Amit K. Arora, Victoria M. L. Cohen, Mandeep S. Sagoo, and Bertil E. Damato. "Detecting Progression of Melanocytic Choroidal Tumors by Sequential Imaging: Is Ultrasonography Necessary?" Cancers 12, no. 7 (July 10, 2020): 1856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071856.

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Purpose: To determine if ultrasonography is necessary to detect progression of choroidal melanocytic tumors undergoing sequential multi-modal imaging with color photography, autofluorescence (AF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: All patients with choroidal melanoma undergoing treatment at Moorfields Eye Hospital between January 2016 and March 2020 were reviewed to identify those with treatment deferred by ≥2 months. Tumors that showed progression prior to treatment, defined as an increase in (a) basal dimensions (b) thickness (c) orange pigment and/or (d) sub-retinal fluid, were included. Mushroom shape, Orange pigment, Large size, Enlargement and Sub-retinal fluid (MOLES) scores were assigned to all tumors at earliest date and date of treatment. Results: A total of 99 patients with a mean age of 66 years (range: 26–90) were included. The initial MOLES score was 1 in 2 cases, 2 in 23 cases, and ≥3 in 74 cases. Progression was detected with sequential color photography alone in 100% of MOLES 1/2 and 97% of lesions with a MOLES score of ≥3. When findings on AF and OCT were included, sensitivity for detecting subtle change without ultrasonography improved to 100% for MOLES 3 and 97% for MOLES 4/5. Only one patient included in this study had an isolated increase in thickness that may have been missed had sequential ultrasonography not been performed. Overall, the sensitivity for detecting progression with color photographs alone was 97% (95% CI 93–100%) and increased to 99% (95% CI 97–100%) by including autofluorescence and OCT. Conclusions: Monitoring of choroidal nevi, particularly those classified as MOLES 1 or 2 (i.e., low-risk or high-risk naevi), can be accomplished safely without the need for ultrasonography. The findings of this study may remove barriers to the implementation of tele-oncology clinics for the monitoring of choroidal melanocytic tumors.
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Ali, Nagla Hassan, Mohammed Othman AbdElKhalek, and Hanan Elghoneimy. "Comparison of Anterior Chamber Parameters between Normal and Keratoconus Eyes using Scheimpflug Photography." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 5, no. 3 (2016): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1130.

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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate anterior chamber indices including anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anterior chamber volume (ACV) with the progression of keratoconus using a rotating Scheimpflug camera to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these parameters in discriminating keratoconus from normal eyes. Materials and methods After full ophthalmological examination in the Memorial Institute of Ophthalmic Research, the patients are divided into two groups: Group I consisting of 50 eyes of normal control. Group II consists of 50 eyes of moderate keratoconus. All the subjects were evaluated with a Pentacam Scheimpflug camera (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Keratoconic eyes were evaluated by vertical asymmetry (VI), keratoconus index (KI), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) with front elevation at thinnest location (F.Ele.Th) and back elevation at thinnest location (B.Ele.Th) and then divided into three groups according to mean keratometer (K) readings: Mild (K = less than 47.0 D), moderate (K = 47.0 to 52.0 D), and severe (K = 52.0 D or higher), and ACD and ACV were obtained after exclusion of mild and severe cases. Results With the progression of the disease, there was statistically significant differences in ACD and ACV measurements between the normal and moderate keratoconus eyes with progressive increase in the ACD and ACV with disease progression. Conclusion Anterior chamber parameters including depth and volume showed significant increase with moderate keratoconus than control. How to cite this article Ali NH, AbdElKhalek MO, El Ghonemy HM. Comparison of Anterior Chamber Parameters between Normal and Keratoconus Eyes using Scheimpflug Photography. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2016;5(3):105-108.
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Zhang, Wuchen, Deborah A. Kosiorek, and Amy N. Brodeur. "Application of Structured‐Light 3‐D Scanning to the Documentation of Plastic Fingerprint Impressions: A Quality Comparison with Traditional Photography." Journal of Forensic Sciences 65, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14249.

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Liu, P., Y. C. Li, W. Hu, and X. B. Ding. "Segmentation and Reconstruction of Buildings with Aerial Oblique Photography Point Clouds." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W4 (June 26, 2015): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w4-109-2015.

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Oblique photography technology as an excellent method for 3-D city model construction has brought itself to large-scale recognition and undeniable high social status. Tilt and vertical images with the high overlaps and different visual angles can produce a large number of dense matching point clouds data with spectral information. This paper presents a method of buildings reconstruction with stereo matching dense point clouds from aerial oblique images, which includes segmentation of buildings and reconstruction of building roofs. We summarize the characteristics of stereo matching point clouds from aerial oblique images and outline the problems with existing methods. Then we present the method for segmentation of building roofs, which based on colors and geometrical derivatives such as normal and curvature. Finally, a building reconstruction approach is developed based on the geometrical relationship. The experiment and analysis show that the methods are effective on building reconstruction with stereo matching point clouds from aerial oblique images.
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Nikolaeva, O. V., and A. A. Kokhanovsky. "Theoretical study of solar light reflectance from vertical snow surfaces." Cryosphere 7, no. 2 (April 5, 2013): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-657-2013.

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Abstract. The influence of horizontal and vertical inhomogeneity of snow surfaces on solar light reflectance is studied using the radiative transfer theory (RTT). We compared 1-D RTT and 2-D RTT and found that large errors are produced if the 1-D RTT is used for the calculation of the snow reflection function (and, therefore, also in the retrievals of the snow grain radii) in 2-D measurement geometries. Such 2-D geometries are common in the procedures for the determination of the effective snow grain radii using near-infrared photography and spectroscopy of vertical snow walls. In particular, we have considered three cases for the numerical calculations: (1) the case with no black film; (2) the case with a black film at the pit's bottom; (3) the case with a black film at the pit's bottom and also at one of the vertical snow walls.
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Elliott, Bruce, J. Robert Grove, Barry Gibson, and B. Thurston. "A Three-Dimensional Cinematographic Analysis of the Fastball and Curveball Pitches in Baseball." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2, no. 1 (February 1986): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.2.1.20.

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Three-dimensional (3-D) high speed photography was used to record the fastball (FB) and curveball (CB) actions of six members of the Australian National pitching squad. The direct linear transformation (DLT) method of motion analysis for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images was used to record the movement of selected anatomical features. Laterally positioned phase-locked cameras operating at 200 fps and a front-on camera operating at 300 fps were used to record the pitching action. Mean pitching velocities for the FB and the CB were recorded. A kinematic analysis of the two pitching motions from the first balance point following the completion of the pump and pivot to follow through are presented. The actions are very similar for the two pitches, as would be expected if disguised to confuse the batter. Minor differences were noted, however, for stride length, forearm action prior to release, and wrist action at release.
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Sakurai, Shinji, Bruce Elliott, and J. Robert Grove. "Age-Related Differences in Throwing Techniques Used by the Catcher in Baseball." Pediatric Exercise Science 6, no. 3 (August 1994): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.6.3.225.

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Three-dimensional (3-D) high speed photography was used to record the overarm throwing actions of five open-age, four 18-year-old, six 16-year- old, and six 14-year-old high-performance baseball catchers. The direct linear transformation method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images of the catchers throwing from home plate to second base recorded using two phase-locked cameras operating at a nominal rate of 200 Hz. Selected physical capacity measures were also recorded and correlated with ball release speed. In general, anthropometric and strength measures significantly increased through the 14-year-old to open-age classifications, while a range of correlation coefficients from .50 to .84 was recorded between these physical capacities and ball speed at release. While many aspects of the kinematic data at release were similar, the key factors of release angle and release speed varied for the different age groups.
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Feurer, Denis, Olivier Planchon, Mohamed Amine El Maaoui, Abir Ben Slimane, Mohamed Rached Boussema, Marc Pierrot-Deseilligny, and Damien Raclot. "Using kites for 3-D mapping of gullies at decimetre-resolution over several square kilometres: a case study on the Kamech catchment, Tunisia." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 6 (June 7, 2018): 1567–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1567-2018.

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Abstract. Monitoring agricultural areas threatened by soil erosion often requires decimetre topographic information over areas of several square kilometres. Airborne lidar and remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS) imagery have the ability to provide repeated decimetre-resolution and -accuracy digital elevation models (DEMs) covering these extents, which is unrealistic with ground surveys. However, various factors hamper the dissemination of these technologies in a wide range of situations, including local regulations for RPAS and the cost for airborne laser systems and medium-format RPAS imagery. The goal of this study is to investigate the ability of low-tech kite aerial photography to obtain DEMs with decimetre resolution and accuracy that permit 3-D descriptions of active gullying in cultivated areas of several square kilometres. To this end, we developed and assessed a two-step workflow. First, we used both heuristic experimental approaches in field and numerical simulations to determine the conditions that make a photogrammetric flight possible and effective over several square kilometres with a kite and a consumer-grade camera. Second, we mapped and characterised the entire gully system of a test catchment in 3-D. We showed numerically and experimentally that using a thin and light line for the kite is key for a complete 3-D coverage over several square kilometres. We thus obtained a decimetre-resolution DEM covering 3.18 km2 with a mean error and standard deviation of the error of +7 and 22 cm respectively, hence achieving decimetre accuracy. With this data set, we showed that high-resolution topographic data permit both the detection and characterisation of an entire gully system with a high level of detail and an overall accuracy of 74 % compared to an independent field survey. Kite aerial photography with simple but appropriate equipment is hence an alternative tool that has been proven to be valuable for surveying gullies with sub-metric details in a square-kilometre-scale catchment. This case study suggests that access to high-resolution topographic data on these scales can be given to the community, which may help facilitate a better understanding of gullying processes within a broader spectrum of conditions.
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Zhu, Binglin, Fusang Liu, Ziwen Xie, Yan Guo, Baoguo Li, and Yuntao Ma. "Quantification of light interception within image-based 3-D reconstruction of sole and intercropped canopies over the entire growth season." Annals of Botany 126, no. 4 (March 17, 2020): 701–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa046.

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Abstract Background and Aims Light interception is closely related to canopy architecture. Few studies based on multi-view photography have been conducted in a field environment, particularly studies that link 3-D plant architecture with a radiation model to quantify the dynamic canopy light interception. In this study, we combined realistic 3-D plant architecture with a radiation model to quantify and evaluate the effect of differences in planting patterns and row orientations on canopy light interception. Methods The 3-D architectures of maize and soybean plants were reconstructed for sole crops and intercrops based on multi-view images obtained at five growth dates in the field. We evaluated the accuracy of the calculated leaf length, maximum leaf width, plant height and leaf area according to the measured data. The light distribution within the 3-D plant canopy was calculated with a 3-D radiation model. Finally, we evaluated canopy light interception in different row orientations. Key Results There was good agreement between the measured and calculated phenotypic traits, with an R2 &gt;0.97. The light distribution was more uniform for intercropped maize and more concentrated for sole maize. At the maize silking stage, 85 % of radiation was intercepted by approx. 55 % of the upper canopy region for maize and by approx. 33 % of the upper canopy region for soybean. There was no significant difference in daily light interception between the different row orientations for the entire intercropping and sole systems. However, for intercropped maize, near east–west orientations showed approx. 19 % higher daily light interception than near south–north orientations. For intercropped soybean, daily light interception showed the opposite trend. It was approx. 49 % higher for near south–north orientations than for near east–west orientations. Conclusions The accurate reconstruction of 3-D plants grown in the field based on multi-view images provides the possibility for high-throughput 3-D phenotyping in the field and allows a better understanding of the relationship between canopy architecture and the light environment.
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KANDA, Tetsushi, Yuichi MURAI, Yuji TASAKA, Yasushi TAKEDA, Hideaki TEZUKA, and Michitsugu MORI. "Development of 3-D Trajectory Measurement System for Birds Using Stereoscopic Photography(Wind Turbines and Solar Energy Systems,Power and Energy System Symposium)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 75, no. 751 (2009): 561–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.75.751_561.

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Yagmurlu, Kaan, Alexander L. Vlasak, and Albert L. Rhoton. "Three-Dimensional Topographic Fiber Tract Anatomy of the Cerebrum." Operative Neurosurgery 11, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 274–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000704.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The fiber tracts of the cerebrum may be a more important determinant of resection limits than the cortex. Better knowledge of the 3-dimensional (3-D) anatomic organization of the fiber pathways is important in planning safe and accurate surgery for lesions within the cerebrum. OBJECTIVE To examine the topographic anatomy of fiber tracts and subcortical gray matter of the human cerebrum and their relationships with consistent cortical, ventricular, and nuclear landmarks. METHODS Twenty-five formalin-fixed human brains and 4 whole cadaveric heads were examined by fiber dissection technique and ×6 to ×40 magnification. The fiber tracts and central core structures, including the insula and basal ganglia, were examined and their relationships captured in 3-D photography. The depth between the surface of the cortical gyri and selected fiber tracts was measured. RESULTS The topographic relationships of the important association, projection, and commissural fasciculi within the cerebrum and superficial cortical landmarks were identified. Important landmarks with consistent relationships to the fiber tracts were the cortical gyri and sulci, limiting sulci of the insula, nuclear masses in the central core, and lateral ventricles. The fiber tracts were also organized in a consistent pattern in relation to each other. The anatomic findings are briefly compared with functional data from clinicoradiological analysis and intraoperative stimulation of fiber tracts. CONCLUSION An understanding of the 3-D anatomic organization of the fiber tracts of the brain is essential in planning safe and accurate cerebral surgery.
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Hornung, Annkathrin, Theresa Steeb, Anja Wessely, Titus J. Brinker, Thomas Breakell, Michael Erdmann, Carola Berking, and Markus V. Heppt. "The Value of Total Body Photography for the Early Detection of Melanoma: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 1726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041726.

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Early detection of melanoma is critical to reduce the mortality and morbidity rates of this tumor. Total body photography (TBP) may aid in the early detection of melanoma. To summarize the current evidence on TBP for the early detection of melanoma, we performed a systematic literature search in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for eligible records up to 6th August 2020. Outcomes of interest included melanoma incidence, incisional and excisional biopsy rates, as well as the Breslow’s index of detected tumors. Results from individual studies were described qualitatively. The risks of bias and applicability of the included studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 checklist. In total, 14 studies published between 1997 and 2020 with an overall sample size of n = 12,082 (range 100–4692) were included in the qualitative analysis. Individuals undergoing TBP showed a trend towards a lower Breslow’s thickness and a higher proportion of in situ melanomas compared to those without TBP. The number needed to excise one melanoma varied from 3:1 to 14.3:1 and was better for lesions that arose de novo than for tracked ones. The included studies were judged to be of unclear methodological concern with specific deficiencies in the domains “flow and timing” and “reference standard”. The use of TBP can improve the early detection of melanoma in high-risk populations. Future studies are warranted to reduce the heterogeneity of phenotypic risk factor definition and the technical implementation of TBP. Artificial intelligence-assisted analysis of images derived from 3-D TBP systems and digital dermoscopy may further improve the early detection of melanoma.
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Al-Sultany, Hussein Abbas. "Oral Vitamin D Therapy for Chronic Plaque-Psoriasis among Iraqi Patients, Efficacy, and Safety." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 10, no. 02 (June 25, 2020): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.10.2.7.

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Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disorder that results from a polygenic predisposition combined with environmental triggers. Any problem in the optimal function of the skin due to psoriasis may lead to a decrease in the ability of vitamin D3 cutaneous production. Up-to-date, the effective management of psoriasis built on sufficient nutritional consumption of vitamin D, while oral intake of vitamin D in psoriasis still not fulfilled clinical necessity, and its effect still controversial. Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral vitamin D in the treatment of moderate to severe classical plaque psoriasis. Patients and methods: 76 patients enrolled in the study were allocated randomly into two groups. Group A (38 psoriasis patients) were given only topical potent corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) therapy for 3 months’ duration, while group B (38 psoriasis patients) were taken topical potent corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) in addition to oral vitamin D (50,000 IU weekly dose for 3 months’ duration). The severity of psoriasis was assessed monthly for the 3 months’ duration of the study based on photography and evaluation of psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score, and vitamin D serum level was also assessed. Results: There was no significant difference in mean age, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and gender between the two groups in the study. No significant difference between the mean of serum vitamin D of two groups, and also no statistical difference between PASI score of two groups. Regarding vitamin D serum level evaluation among patients in group A, it was 13.2 + 6.12 ng/mL at baseline, then after 3 months, its level was 13.6 + 3.82 ng/mL with non-significant differences between the two serum levels (improvement 3.03 + 6.21%, p = 0.62). Otherwise, serum vitamin D level among patients in group B was 13.5 + 4.16 ng/mL, then this level was significantly and constantly increased to reach 42.12 + 5.63 (improvement 212 + 47.82%, p = 0.0012), and this increment of vitamin D serum level was statistically significant inverse relationship with the improvement in PASI score (r = –0.4) throughout the 3 months’ period of study. There was a significant improvement in PASI score among patients who took in addition to the topical steroid oral vitamin D (p = 0.033). Conclusion: The oral vitamin D supplementation can be safe, effective, and cheap therapeutic modality to psoriasis patients. Other drugs used for treatment of psoriasis systemically are costly and widely side effects.
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Elliott, Bruce, Tony Marsh, and Peter Overheu. "A Biomechanical Comparison of the Multisegment and Single Unit Topspin Forehand Drives in Tennis." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 5, no. 3 (August 1989): 350–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.5.3.350.

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Three-dimensional (3-D) high-speed photography was used to compare different forehand techniques of high performance players. Subjects, who hit a topspin forehand drive with the hitting limb moving almost as a single unit (Gs: single-unit group), were compared with players whose individual segments of the upper limb moved relative to each other (Gm: multisegment group) when playing the same stroke. The Direct Linear Transformation method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images recorded from laterally placed phase-locked cameras operating at 200 fps. A third Photosonics camera operating at 100 fps filmed from overhead. Significant differences between the groups were recorded at the shoulder and elbow joints at the completion of the backswing. Maximal elbow joint angular velocities occurred 0.06 sec prior to impact, with the Gm group recording a significantly higher mean value for elbow extension than the Gs group. At impact, however, the Gm group recorded a significantly higher level of elbow flexion than the Gs group and achieved a higher mean angular velocity at the wrist joint than the Gs group. The Gm group recorded a higher racket tip linear velocity at impact and higher postimpact ball velocity when compared to the Gs group. The Gm technique of racket movement produced higher racket and ball velocities for this group of high performance players.
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Akhtar, Shifa, Mariana Perez, Jessica Sharma, Agnese Canazza, and Martin Zaiac. "Calcipotriene 0.005%/Betamethasone Dipropionate 0.064% Foam as a Treatment for Nail Psoriasis." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 5, no. 5 (September 13, 2021): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.5.5.17.

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Combination topical corticosteroids and vitamin D analog treatments for nail psoriasis are widely used in cream and ointment vehicles, but patients may prefer a foam vehicle due to ease of application and favorable cosmetic appearance. Calcipotriene 0.005%/betamethasone dipropionate 0.064% (Cal/BD) aerosol foam is an FDA approved therapy for plaque psoriasis, but may also be an effective treatment for nail psoriasis in a novel aerosol foam. We present a case series of 3 patients with mild to moderate nail psoriasis who responded positively to treatment with Cal/BD aerosol foam applied 1-2 times daily to affected nails for at least 6 weeks. Reduction of nail plate surface abnormalities and a decrease in inflammation of the nail folds were assessed with clinical evaluation and dermoscopy, and documented with serial photography. While further research on the efficacy and safety of Cal/BD aerosol foam as a treatment for nail psoriasis is needed, this report suggests its potential as a combination topical vitamin D analogue and high potency steroid in a foam vehicle.
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Elliott, Bruce, Tony Marsh, and Brian Blanksby. "A Three-Dimensional Cinematographic Analysis of the Tennis Serve." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2, no. 4 (November 1986): 260–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.2.4.260.

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Three dimensional (3-D) high-speed photography was used to record the tennis service actions of eight elite tennis players. The direct linear transformation (DLT) method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images recorded from laterally placed cameras operating at 200fps. Seven of the eight subjects initially positioned their center of gravity toward the front foot during the stance phase. When the elbow reached 90° in the backswing, the knees of the eight subjects were at or near their maximum attained flexion, and the upper arm was an extension of a line joining both shoulder joints. A mean maximum vertical shoulder velocity of 1.7ms−1during the leg drive produced a force at the shoulder that was eccentric to the racket-limb, thus causing a downward rotation of this limb as measured by a mean velocity of the racket of −5.8ms−1down the back. This leg drive increased the angular displacement of the loop and therefore provided a greater distance over which the racket could be accelerated for impact. All subjects swung the racket up to the ball, and all but one hit the ball with the racket angled slightly backward (M= 93.9°). An effective summation of body segments was apparent because resultant linear velocities showed an increase as the more distal segment endpoint approached impact, although all subjects decelerated the racket immediately prior to impact. Mean resultant ball velocities of 34.4ms−1for the female subjects and 42.4ms−1for the male subjects were achieved.
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Ringrose-Voase, AJ. "Micromorphology of soil structure - Description, quantification, application." Soil Research 29, no. 6 (1991): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9910777.

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Micromorphological observation can provide insights into soil structure and aid interpretation of soil behaviour. Undisturbed samples are taken in the field and impregnated. They are used to prepare thin sections or images of the macropore structure using fluorescent photography. Sections can also be obtained at macro, meso and submicroscopic scales. The various elements of soil structure observed micromorphologically can be classified into pore space, physical, distribution and orientation fabrics, and associated structures. Examples of the importance of features in each category are given. Image analysis, especially when computerized, provides a way of parameterizing micromorphological observations. To date it has been used primarily on images of macropore space at the meso and microscopic scales. Such images can be digitized and segmented to show pore space and solid. The pore space can be allocated to pore types. This aids the estimation of 3-D parameters from I-D and 2-D measurements made on the image using stereology. Various ways of using structural parameters to compare structures are discussed. Applications for micromorphological observations, especially when quantitative, include comparison of structures formed by different management techniques. Structural measurements can aid interpretation of soil behaviour as described by physical measurements. They also have a role in estimating the representative elementary volume, on which physical measurements should be made, and in calibrating field estimates of soil structure.
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Eltner, Anette, Andreas Kaiser, Carlos Castillo, Gilles Rock, Fabian Neugirg, and Antonio Abellán. "Image-based surface reconstruction in geomorphometry – merits, limits and developments." Earth Surface Dynamics 4, no. 2 (May 19, 2016): 359–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-359-2016.

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Abstract. Photogrammetry and geosciences have been closely linked since the late 19th century due to the acquisition of high-quality 3-D data sets of the environment, but it has so far been restricted to a limited range of remote sensing specialists because of the considerable cost of metric systems for the acquisition and treatment of airborne imagery. Today, a wide range of commercial and open-source software tools enable the generation of 3-D and 4-D models of complex geomorphological features by geoscientists and other non-experts users. In addition, very recent rapid developments in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology allow for the flexible generation of high-quality aerial surveying and ortho-photography at a relatively low cost.The increasing computing capabilities during the last decade, together with the development of high-performance digital sensors and the important software innovations developed by computer-based vision and visual perception research fields, have extended the rigorous processing of stereoscopic image data to a 3-D point cloud generation from a series of non-calibrated images. Structure-from-motion (SfM) workflows are based upon algorithms for efficient and automatic orientation of large image sets without further data acquisition information, examples including robust feature detectors like the scale-invariant feature transform for 2-D imagery. Nevertheless, the importance of carrying out well-established fieldwork strategies, using proper camera settings, ground control points and ground truth for understanding the different sources of errors, still needs to be adapted in the common scientific practice.This review intends not only to summarise the current state of the art on using SfM workflows in geomorphometry but also to give an overview of terms and fields of application. Furthermore, this article aims to quantify already achieved accuracies and used scales, using different strategies in order to evaluate possible stagnations of current developments and to identify key future challenges. It is our belief that some lessons learned from former articles, scientific reports and book chapters concerning the identification of common errors or "bad practices" and some other valuable information may help in guiding the future use of SfM photogrammetry in geosciences.
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Bäcklund, L. B., P. V. Algvere, and U. Rosenqvist. "Early detection of diabetic retinopathy by a mobile retinal photography service working in partnership with primary health care teams." Diabetic Medicine 15, S3 (November 1998): S32—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(1998110)15:3+3.0.co;2-d.

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Garewal, H. S., F. L. Meyskens, D. Killen, D. Reeves, T. A. Kiersch, H. Elletson, A. Strosberg, D. King, and K. Steinbronn. "Response of oral leukoplakia to beta-carotene." Journal of Clinical Oncology 8, no. 10 (October 1990): 1715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1990.8.10.1715.

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Leukoplakia is associated with increased risk of oral cancer and is considered a premalignant lesion. Retinoids, particularly 13-cis retinoic acid, can frequently reverse leukoplakia. However, these drugs have considerable toxicity and are not suitable for large-scale use in the prevention of oral cancer. Beta-carotene is a naturally occurring, nontoxic carotenoid with biologic properties that suggest that it might be efficacious against oral leukoplakia. In 1986, we began a randomized study of 13-cis retinoic acid (1 mg/kg/d) versus beta-carotene (30 mg/d) in leukoplakia. However, owing to the marked differences in toxicity between the two compounds outlined in the consent form, 11 of the initial 16 eligible patients refused to participate unless they were "guaranteed" beta-carotene. Therefore, the study design was changed to a phase II trial of beta-carotene in which the compound was given daily for 3 months. Responding patients were continued for another 3 months of treatment. All lesions were examined histologically at entry. Responses were monitored by bidimensional measurements and photography done at entry, then monthly while on treatment and at study completion. Twenty-four evaluable patients were treated, and 17 had major responses (two complete, 15 partial), a response rate of 71% (95% confidence limits, 53% to 89%). There was no significant toxicity requiring drug discontinuation or dose reduction. These results indicate that beta-carotene has substantial activity in oral premalignancy. Because of its lack of toxicity, it is an excellent candidate for a preventive agent for oral cancer.
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Kogut, Natalia, and Marharyta Tarasenko. "Peculiarities of Author’s Rights Protection to Original Works of Art: Historical and Legal Aspect." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 4 (January 12, 2021): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.4.2020.55.

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The authors investigate the legal regulation of copyright protection in all possible arts: architecture, sculpture, graphics, design,painting, etc. The authors focus on the emergence of copyright in works in new art genres in the digital age, in particular: 3-D digitalmodels; engraving; engraving; pop-up publications and others. Peculiarities of free use of works and creation of derivative works indifferent kinds of art are determined.Each art form needs its own approach to regulating the author’s rights to the work. Architectural objects include both constructionprojects and drawings, as well as the buildings themselves, garden and park formations.The architectural design and the building are protected separately from each other. Therefore, there is no possibility to protect thearchitect’s rights to permit or prohibit the implementation of the project in the building and preserve the copyright to the architecturalpart of the building value, because in this case the idea (construction project) and building – various forms of works’ expression. However,construction projects are not subject to patent law, can not be patented as an invention, utility model, and do not belong to indust -rial designs. The building as a whole is not the subject of copyright, as copyright protects only the shape of the building, not engineeringsolutions, which in themselves, separately from the building, can be patented as inventions or utility models.Plagiarism of sculptures, especially sculptures of famous people and characters, is difficult to prove. In addition, there is the questionof the need to obtain permission from living famous people to create such sculptures for their commercial use. There is a questionof recognizing or not recognizing the 3-D sculpture as the original object of copyright.Works of fine art can be divided into: architecture, painting, graphics, sculpture, decorative and applied arts, photography anddesign. Works created with the help of a print as a unique type of graphic technique are considered original, as well as film photographs,when each developed photo will be original. Each copy of a book created using the pop-up technique is also considered original.The plots of films are difficult to defend in the context of copyright, because, in fact, they are a concept or idea that is easy tochange. The legislation does not clearly define that such a modification will be considered a derivative of the original work. The legislationdoes not contain clear criteria for defining plagiarism in works of art. Also, the legislation does not regulate co-authorship withmore or less complicity.
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Scotte, F., E. Banu, J. Medioni, E. Levy, C. Ebenezer, S. Marsan, A. Banu, J. M. Andrieu, and S. Oudard. "Frozen sock use in the prevention of docetaxel-induced nails and skin toxicities: Results of a case-control study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 9059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9059.

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9059 Background: Nails and skin toxicities (NST) of the hand occur in about 50% of patients (pts) treated with docetaxel (D). No clinical data exists on specific NST of the foot after D treatment. We prospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of an Elasto-Gel (Akromed, France) flexible frozen sock (FS) for the prevention of D-induced NST according to the results of a precedent study on the hand toxicities (JCO 2005). Methods: Cancer pts receiving D at 75 to 100 mg/m2 (one hour infusion q3w) alone or in combination were eligible for this matched case-control study. Each patient wore a FS for a total of 90 minutes (min) on the right foot (15 min before to 15 min after D-infusion). The left foot acted as control was not protected by FS. NST were assessed at each cycle using NCI-CTC version 3 criteria and documented by digital photography. Comfort in socks wearing was assessed using an ad-hoc scale. Wilcoxon matched-pairs ranks test as a non-parametric method was used to determine the magnitude of the difference in terms of nails and skin toxicities between two matched groups. Results: Forty-nine pts were included: median age 64 years, M/F: 37/12, ECOG performance status 0/1/2 (%): 46/39/15, type of cancer (%): prostate: 53; breast: 20; lung: 18; others: 8. Nails toxicities were significantly lower in the FS-protected foot compared with the control foot (P=0.002, Wilcoxon test). Grade (G) of nails toxicities were (FS vs. control %): G0 100 vs. 80, G1–3; 0 vs. 20. Skin toxicity was not significantly different (P=0.18) with a low incidence of disorder (%) G0: 94 vs. 90, G1: 2 vs. 4, G2: 0 vs. 2 (missing data for 2 pts). Median time until nails toxicities occurrence was not significantly different between feet: 97 days with FS vs. 74 days in control foot. Skin toxicity occurred in both sides after a median of 96 days. FS comfort satisfied 74% of patients. Conclusions: Frozen sock significantly reduced nails toxicities of the foot associated with docetaxel treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Weber, Dominique, and Agnes Herrmann. "Contribution de la photogrammetrie numerique a l'etude spatio-temporelle de versants instables; l'exemple du glissement de terrain de Super-Sauze (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 171, no. 6 (November 1, 2000): 637–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/171.6.637.

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Abstract Recent developments in image processing and digital photogrammetry offer to the geomorphologists increasingly accessible and effective tools for the spatio-temporal knowledge of landslides. These techniques were used to reconstitute the historical evolution of a complex flow slide occurring in the "Terres Noires" of the Barcelonnette basin. The lithological and morphological environment of the studied site is characteristic of the whole southern French Prealps where are largely present Jurassic marly formations. Six digital elevation models (D.E.M.) generated from stereoscopic couples of aerial photography, but also various ortho-images and perspective views, allow to follow the morphological evolution of the unstable slope since the years 1950's -- before the releasing of the landslide -- until our days. Besides multitemporal descriptions of the landscape and of the morphological processes occurred on this site, the implemented method appears particularly useful for the quantitative analysis of the instabilities. It appears notably as a powerful tool for the 3-D reconstruction of the landslide geometry and by the same occasion for the calculation of its volume.
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Gerding, Heinrich, Gabor Somfai, and Marco Langenegger. "A Simple, Inexpensive, and Precise Photographic Method for Intraoperative Toric IOL Alignment." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 236, no. 04 (April 2019): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0861-9601.

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Abstract Background It was the aim of this study to analyse the refractive outcome of toric intraocular lens (t-IOL) implantation guided by a newly developed method of photographic alignment. Material and Methods Fourteen eyes of 10 patients (6 females, 4 males, age 63.4 ± 6.7 (40.6 – 68.0) years [mean ± 1 SD (range)]) were included in this retrospective study. All eyes received an Oculentis Tplus LS-313 (Oculentis, Berlin, Germany) t-IOL after standard phacoemusification (n = 4) or femtocataract laser-assisted surgery (n = 10). Image-guided t-IOL alignment included: (1) calculation of t-IOL parameters (combination of different biometric methods) and plotting a layout drawing of the target lens position, (2) capture of an anterior segment slit lamp photograph in the upright position, (3) superposition of the photographs by the t-IOL target plot and a gradual scale, (4) drawing of marker lines on the photograph and removal of the IOL target coordinates, (5) transfer of the final image to a tablet PC, and (6) marking of the target axis at the corneal limbus with an ink pen in the surgical room. Results Preoperative corneal astigmatism was 2.50 ± 0.97 (1.38 – 4.34) diopters (D) (mean ± 1 SD, range). In all eyes, intraoperative alignment could easily be performed using the photographic target layout. Surgical interventions and postoperative follow-up were without complications in all cases. Residual postoperative astigmatism was 0.16 ± 0.24 (0.00 – 0.75) D (p < 0.001 compared to preoperative astigmatism). In 64% of patients, residual subjective astigmatism was zero, in 93% ≤ 0.5 D, and in 100% ≤ 0.75 D. Postoperative uncorrected logMAR visual acuity (0.05 ± 0.07, range 0.00 – 0.20) and best-corrected visual acuity (0.03 ± 0.05, 0.00 – 0.10) were significantly better (each p < 0.001) than best-corrected preoperative visual acuity (0.21 ± 0.14, 0.00 – 0.49). Conclusions Results of this clinical series clearly indicate that the newly developed photographically guided technique of toric lens alignment leads to highly accurate postoperative results for astigmatic correction.
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Koch, Barbara. "Stand und Perspektiven der Nutzung neuer Fernerkundungstechnologien im Waldbereich | Status and perspectives of the application of new remote sensing technologies in forestry." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 162, no. 6 (June 1, 2011): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2011.0156.

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Remote sensing has been used in forestry for a long time. Aerial photography has mainly been used to support national and operational inventories and medium resolution satellite data for large area inventories. Today through the availability of new technologies there are greatly extended possibilities for remote sensing in the forestry sector. The major change is the better availability of 3-D information, which allows a much better modelling of forests and forest attributes. The paper presents an overview of the newest remote sensing technologies, such as the systems carried by satellite which can be used to record changes or degradation in the area covered by forest for the global forestry resources assessment of the UN World Food and Agriculture Organisation or are examined in connection with the United Nations REDD program. Besides these, other small scale applications are presented based on optical or laser systems carried by aircraft. The article finishes with an outlook on expected developments in the near future. It is expected that the future of forestry remote sensing will be characterized above all by the combination of information obtained from diverse sources, such as data based on terrestrial and on remotely sensed sources.
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50

Nicklas, Theresa A., Yan Liu, Janice E. Stuff, Jennifer O. Fisher, Jason A. Mendoza, and Carol E. O'Neil. "Characterizing lunch meals served and consumed by pre-school children in Head Start." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 12 (May 24, 2013): 2169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013001377.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the variability of food portions served and consumed by African-American and Hispanic-American pre-school children attending Head Start.DesignCross-sectional.SettingFood consumption by pre-schoolers (n 796) enrolled in sixteen Head Start centres in Houston, Texas (51 % boys, 42 % African-American, mean age 4 years) were assessed during 3 d of lunch meals using digital photography. Descriptive statistics and multilevel regression models, adjusting for classroom and school clustering effects, were determined.SubjectsHead Start pre-schoolers aged 3–5 years.ResultsMean amount served was 2428 kJ (580 kcal) and 572 g. Mean intake was 1421 kJ (339 kcal) and 331 g: 20 % protein, 46 % carbohydrate and 34 % fat. Plate waste was 43 % (range: 38 % (fruit) to 61 % (vegetables)). Mean CV of food served was 29 %: 33 % for entrées, 44 % for vegetables, 60 % for fruit and 76 % for starches. Mean CV of food consumed was 46 %: 58 % for entrées, 86 % for fruit, 96 % for vegetables and 111 % for starches. Total gram amount of food served was positively correlated with consumption (r = 0·43, P < 0·001).ConclusionsPlate waste and variation in amounts served and consumed were substantial; amounts served were associated with amounts consumed. Large portion sizes may contribute to paediatric obesity by promoting excessive intake at meals. Understanding factors influencing portion sizes provides insight about specific intervention strategies that can be used in obesity prevention programmes.
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