Relevant bibliographies by topics / 2D morphology

Academic literature on the topic '2D morphology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "2D morphology"

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Banda, Mohd Sarfaraz, Stephan Niewerth, and Jochen Aberle. "2D numerical simulation of meander morphology." E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 05062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184005062.

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This paper describes the application of the two-dimensional (2D) modelling approach implemented in the open-source code Delft3D for the simulation of morphological development of a natural meandering river. A specific reach of the Dhaleshwari River (Bangladesh) for which field data has been available served as case study. The bed morphology and meander planform adjustment in the study area were simulated over a 10-year period considering a time-varying discharge scenario. The results showed that the 2D model was able to reproduce morphological characteristics such as scour depth, bank erosion and pool-riffle morphology, even though the model showed some deficiencies to reproduce bankfull channel width and transverse bed slopes. Regarding the planimetric evolution, the planform parameters (i.e., meander belt width, meander wavelength and radius of curvature) confirmed that the model results are realistic and are in agreement with results reported in the literature.
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Li, Yue, Weiping Cai, Bingqiang Cao, Guotao Duan, Cuncheng Li, Fengqiang Sun, and Haibo Zeng. "Morphology-controlled 2D ordered arrays by heating-induced deformation of 2D colloidal monolayer." J. Mater. Chem. 16, no. 6 (2006): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b513050f.

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Cohen-Pope, Sullivan, John R. Crockett, Maggie Wang, Kaitlyn Flynn, Alexandra Hoff, and Ying Bao. "Morphology control of SERS-active 2D gold nanosnowflakes." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 36 (2020): 12427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02183k.

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Mukhopadhyay, Susanta, and Bhabatosh Chanda. "Fusion of 2D grayscale images using multiscale morphology." Pattern Recognition 34, no. 10 (October 2001): 1939–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(00)00123-0.

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Tien, Li-Chia, and Yu-Che Shih. "Morphology-Controlled Vapor Phase Growth and Characterization of One-Dimensional GaTe Nanowires and Two-Dimensional Nanosheets for Potential Visible-Light Active Photocatalysts." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030778.

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Gallium telluride (GaTe) one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) materials have drawn much attention for high-performance optoelectronic applications because it possesses a direct bandgap for all thickness. We report the morphology-controlled vapor phase growth of 1D GaTe nanowires and 2D GaTe nanosheets by a simple physical vapor transport (PVT) approach. The surface morphology, crystal structure, phonon vibration modes, and optical property of samples were characterized and studied. The growth temperature is a key synthetic factor to control sample morphology. The 1D GaTe single crystal monoclinic nanowires were synthesized at 550 °C. The strong interlayer interaction and high surface migration of adatoms on c-sapphire enable the assembly of 1D nanowires into 2D nanosheet under 600 °C. Based on the characterization results demonstrated, we propose the van der Waals growth mechanism of 1D nanowires and 2D nanosheets. Moreover, the visible-light photocatalytic activity of 1D nanowires and 2D nanosheets was examined. Both 1D and 2D GaTe nanostructures exhibit visible-light active photocatalytic activity, suggesting that the GaTe nanostructures may be promising materials for visible light photocatalytic applications.
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Verma, Akarsh, Avinash Parashar, and M. Packirisamy. "Tailoring the failure morphology of 2D bicrystalline graphene oxide." Journal of Applied Physics 124, no. 1 (July 7, 2018): 015102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5033542.

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Robinson, Joshua A., Sarah Eichfeld, Yu-Chuan Lin, Ning Lu, and Moon Kim. "Growth Morphology and Defects in 2D Heterostructures and Interfaces." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615001300.

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Su, Yingjie, Jianqiang Xue, Anmin Liu, Tingli Ma, and Liguo Gao. "Unveiling the Effect of Solvents on Crystallization and Morphology of 2D Perovskite in Solvent-Assisted Method." Molecules 27, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 1828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061828.

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Controlling the crystallographic orientations of 2D perovskite is regarded as an effective way to improve the efficiency of PSCs based on 2D perovskite. In this paper, five different assistant solvents were selected to unveil the effect of solvents on crystallization and morphology of 2D perovskite in a solvent-assisted method. Results demonstrated that the effect of Lewis basicity on the crystallization process was the most important factor for preparing 2D perovskite. The stability of the intermediate, reacted between the solvent and the Pb2+, determined the quality of 2D film. The stronger the Lewis basicity was, the more obvious the accurate control effect on the top-down crystallization process of 2D perovskite would be. This could enhance the crystallographic orientation of 2D perovskite. The effect of Lewis basicity played a more important role than other properties of the solvent, such as boiling point and polarity.
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Xu, Xiufeng, Rui Dang, and Mengmeng Xie. "Research on preparation of 2D Cu nanomaterials." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2321, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2321/1/012009.

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Abstract Recently, metal nanosheets have been a promising material for application in nano-electrical devices. This study describes a chemical reduction preparation method of large-area Cu nanosheets in a facile condition using copper sulfate as source and glucose as reductant. The morphology and phase analysis of the synthesized copper nanosheets are measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray electron diffraction (XRD). The influences of several experimental parameters on the morphology of the products such as reducing agent and reaction temperature are investigated. It is found that by changing the molar ratio of copper ion to reductant, the thickness of copper nanosheets can be controlled. The obtained productions demonstrate excellent electrical conductivity.
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Hoai, Nguyen Thi Thu, and Ta Thi Dinh. "Two and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for pre-operative assessment of mitral valve morphology and regurgitation severity." Tạp chí Phẫu thuật Tim mạch và Lồng ngực Việt Nam 40 (January 18, 2023): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47972/vjcts.v40i.837.

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Background: Two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are the two main diagnostic modalities used to assess valvular heart diseases, particularly for mitral valve injury. In patients who have the indication of mitral valve surgery, 2D TEE & TTE have some limitations in identifying valve lesions. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) is more accurate than 2DTTE and 2DTEE in the qualitative assessment of mitral valve. Objectives. Evaluating valve morphology and the severity of mitral valve regurgitation using 2DTTE and 2D/3D TEE in patients who required surgical intervention, compared to surgical and left ventricular angiography findings. Subjects: 44 patients with surgical indication from September 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled in this study. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at Vietnam National Heart Institute from September 2017 to June 2018. 44 patients with mitral regurgitation who had indication for mitral valve surgery underwent 2D TEE and 2D/3D TEE before opened heart surgery for mitral valve, 17/44 had left ventriculogram during coronary angiogram before surgery. Results: Men/women ratio = 2/1. Mean age: 54.14 ± 13.066 years old. Most of patients (93,2%) had symptoms of heart failure with mean NYHA classification of 2.55 ± 0.504. 3D TEE showed higher diagnostic accuracy and better agreement with surgical findings compared to 2D TEE and 2D TTE in A2 prolapse, A3 prolapse, P3 prolapse, Kappa =1,1,0.65 respectively. For anterior leaflet perforation, 3D TEE had positive predictive value of 100% and better agreement (Kappa =1) in comparison with 2D TEE and 2D TTE with positive predictive value of 96,5 %, Kappa = 0,65. In identifying valve vegetation, 3D TEE had positive predictive value of 93%, kappa =0,82 which were higher than those of 2D TEE and 2D TTE (positive predictive value of 89,6 % and Kappa = 0,73). In evaluating mitral valve regurgitation, 3D TEE had positive predictive value of 100%, kappa =1 compared with positive predictive value of 76,5%, kappa of 0,47 of 2D TEE and 2D TTE. Conclusions: 3D TEE is valuable in localizing prolapse valve segments, especially for A2, A3 and P3 prolapse, as well as in diagnosing anterior leaflet perforation and vegetation of mitral valve. 3D TEE is also more valuable than 2D TEE and 2D TTE in assessing mitral regurgitation severity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "2D morphology"

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Hayes, Susan. "Seeing and measuring the 2D face." University of Western Australia. School of Anatomy and Human Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0067.

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This is a study of the factors that affect face shapes, and the techniques that can be used to measure variations in two dimensional representations of faces. The materials included thirty photographs of people in natural poses and thirty portraits that were based on the pose photographs. Visual assessors were asked to score the photographs and portraits in terms of pose (cant, turn and pitch) and also to compare the portraits to the photographs and score them in terms of likeness in the depiction of the face and its component features. Anthropometric indices were derived and used to score the images for the pose variables as well as for aspects of individual variation in external face shape and the spatial arrangement of the features. Geometric morphometric analysis was also used to determine the shape variation occurring in the photographs, the variation within the portraits, and to specifically discern where the portraits differ from the photographs in the depiction of head pose and individual differences in facial morphology. For the analysis of pose it was found that visual assessors were best at discerning the extent of head turning and poorest at discerning head pitch. These tendencies occurred in the visual assessments of both the photographs and the portrait drawings. For the analysis of the individual variation in face shapes it was found that external face shape varies according to upper face dimensions and the shape of the chin, and that vertical featural configurations are strongly linked to external face shape. When the portrait and photograph data were placed in the same geometric morphometric analysis the inaccuracies in the portrait drawings became evident. When these findings were compared to the visual assessments it transpired that, on average, visual assessment was generally congruent with the geometric morphometric analysis, but were possibly confounded by patterns of dysmorphology in the portraits that were contrary to what this study suggests are normal patterns of face shape variation. Overall this study has demonstrated that while anthropometric and visual assessments of facial differences are quite good, both were comparatively poor at assessing head pitch and tended to be confounded by the dysmorphologies arising in the portrait drawings. Geometric morphometric analysis was found to be very powerful in discerning complex shape variations associated with head pose and individual differences in facial morphology, both within and between the photographs and portraits.
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Kozarek, Jessica Lindberg. "Channel Morphology and Riparian Vegetation Influences on Fluvial Aquatic Habitat." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77172.

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As public awareness of river degradation has grown in recent years, the number of stream restoration activities has increased dramatically. Anthropogenic influences at a range of spatial scales from watershed landuse to riparian vegetation management to local channel morphology can have hierarchical relationships to local (meso- and macro-) in-stream habitat characteristics. This research examined these influences first by examining the influence of complex channel morphology on meso-scale brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat in Shenandoah National Park, VA, and then by examining the combined influence of watershed urbanization and riparian vegetation (100-200 m reaches) on stream temperature. Moving beyond one-dimensional (1D) averaged representations of fish habitat, this research explored the distribution of two-dimensional (2D) flow complexity metrics at the meso-habitat scale as explanatory variables for brook trout habitat preferences and as potential metrics to evaluate habitat restoration design. Spatial hydraulic complexity metrics, including area-weighted circulation and kinetic energy gradients, were calculated based on 2D depth averaged modeled velocity distributions in two 100-m reaches on the Staunton River. While there were no statistically significant correlations between kinetic energy gradients or area-weighted circulation and fish density, fish density was positively correlated to the percent of the channel dominated by protruding boulders. The structural complexity of areas with protruding boulders create complex flow patterns suggesting that flow complexity plays an important role in available brook trout habitat preferences at the local scale, although the 2D depth averaged model may not have adequately represented this complexity. The 2D distribution of flow characteristics was then investigated further to quantify areas of flow refugia (low velocity shelters) and the relationship between these areas, traditional measures of habitat quality, and fish biomass. Flow complexity in the vicinity of flow obstructions (in this case, boulders) was investigated further using patch classification and landscape ecology metrics. The relative influence of riparian vegetation on stream temperature (another important habitat characteristic) in urban and nonurban watersheds was investigated in 27 paired forested and nonforested reaches in PA, MD, and DE. Riparian vegetation and watershed-scale urbanization both influence stream temperature, which can have profound impacts on in-stream ecosystems. Generally, increased urbanization and removal of riparian forest influenced maximum stream temperatures resulting in higher maximum summer stream temperatures (up to 1.8°C); however, the influence of riparian forests (at at 100-200 m reach scale) decreased with increasing urbanization. Extreme maximum summer temperatures, which are a concern for aquatic biota, increased in both frequency and duration in urban nonforested reaches relative to forested reaches indicating that the addition of a forested 100-200 m long buffer partially mitigated these temperature extremes even in urban watersheds. Overall, changes to channel morphology and riparian vegetation had measurable local effects on stream habitat (temperature and hydraulic complexity) yet the implications of restoration efforts at the local scale on ecosystem services at a larger (km +) scale requires further study.
Ph. D.
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Devotta, Ashwin Moris. "Characterization & modeling of chip flow angle & morphology in 2D & 3D turning process." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Forskningsmiljön produktionsteknik(PTW), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-8671.

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Within manufacturing of metallic components, machining plays an important role and is of vital significance to ensure process reliability. From a cutting tool design perspective,  tool macro geometry  design  based on physics based  numerical modelling  is highly needed  that can predict chip morphology.  The chip morphology describes the chip shape geometry and the chip curl geometry. The prediction of chip flow and chip shape is vital in predicting chip breakage, ensuring good chip evacuation and lower surface roughness.  To this end, a platform where such a  numerical model’s chip morphology prediction  can be compared with experimental investigation is needed and is the focus of this work. The studied cutting processes are orthogonal cutting process and nose turning process. Numerical models that simulate the chip formation process are employed to predict the chip morphology and are accompanied by machining experiments. Computed tomography is used  to scan the chips obtained from machining experiments and its ability to capture the variation in  chip morphology  is evaluated.  For nose turning process,  chip  curl parameters during the cutting process are to be calculated. Kharkevich model is utilized in this regard to calculate the  ‘chip in process’ chip curl parameters. High speed videography is used to measure the chip side flow angle during the cutting process experiments and are directly compared to physics based model predictions. The results show that the methodology developed provides  the framework where advances in numerical models can be evaluated reliably from a chip morphology prediction capability view point for nose turning process. The numerical modeling results show that the chip morphology variation for varying cutting conditions is predicted qualitatively. The results of quantitative evaluation of chip morphology prediction shows that the error in prediction is too large to be used for predictive modelling purposes.
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Ding, Huaxiong. "Combining 2D facial texture and 3D face morphology for estimating people's soft biometrics and recognizing facial expressions." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC061/document.

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Puisque les traits de biométrie douce peuvent fournir des preuves supplémentaires pour aider à déterminer précisément l’identité de l’homme, il y a eu une attention croissante sur la reconnaissance faciale basée sur les biométrie douce ces dernières années. Parmi tous les biométries douces, le sexe et l’ethnicité sont les deux caractéristiques démographiques importantes pour les êtres humains et ils jouent un rôle très fondamental dans l’analyse de visage automatique. En attendant, la reconnaissance des expressions faciales est un autre challenge dans le domaine de l’analyse de visage en raison de la diversité et de l’hybridité des expressions humaines dans différentes cultures, genres et contextes. Ce thèse est dédié à combiner la texture du visage 2D et la morphologie du visage 3D pour estimer les biométries douces: le sexe, l’ethnicité, etc., et reconnaître les expressions faciales. Pour la reconnaissance du sexe et de l’ethnicité, nous présentons une approche efficace en combinant à la fois des textures locales et des caractéristiques de forme extraites à partir des modèles de visage 3D, contrairement aux méthodes existantes qui ne dépendent que des textures ou des caractéristiques de forme. Afin de souligne exhaustivement la différence entre les groupes sexuels et ethniques, nous proposons un nouveau descripteur, à savoir local circular patterns (LCP). Ce descripteur améliore Les motifs binaires locaux (LBP) et ses variantes en remplaçant la quantification binaire par une quantification basée sur le regroupement, entraînant d’une puissance plus discriminative et une meilleure résistance au bruit. En même temps, l’algorithme Adaboost est engagé à sélectionner les caractéristiques discriminatives fortement liés au sexe et à l’ethnicité. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur les bases de données FRGC v2.0 et BU-3DFE démontrent clairement les avantages de la méthode proposée. Pour la reconnaissance des expressions faciales, nous présentons une méthode automatique basée sur les multi-modalité 2D + 3D et démontrons sa performance sur la base des données BU-3DFE. Notre méthode combine des textures locales et des descripteurs de formes pour atteindre l’efficacité et la robustesse. Tout d’abord, un grand ensemble des points des caractéristiques d’images 2D et de modèles 3D sont localisés à l’aide d’un nouvel algorithme, à savoir la cascade parallèle incrémentielle de régression linéaire (iPar-CLR). Ensuite, on utilise un nouveau descripteur basé sur les histogrammes des gradients d’ordre secondaire (HSOG) en conjonction avec le descripteur SIFT pour décrire la texture locale autour de chaque point de caractéristique 2D. De même, la géométrie locale autour de chaque point de caractéristique 3D est décrite par deux nouveaux descripteurs de forme construits à l’aide des quantités différentielle de géométries de la surface au premier ordre et au second ordre, à savoir meshHOG et meshHOS. Enfin, les résultats de reconnaissance des descripteurs 2D et 3D fournis par le classifier SVM sont fusionnés à la fois au niveau de fonctionnalité et de score pour améliorer la précision. Les expérimentaux résultats démontrent clairement qu’il existe des caractéristiques complémentaires entre les descripteurs 2D et 3D. Notre approche basée sur les multi-modalités surpasse les autres méthodes de l’état de l’art en obtenant une précision de reconnaissance 86,32%. De plus, une bonne capacité de généralisation est aussi présentée sur la base de données Bosphorus
Since soft biometrics traits can provide sufficient evidence to precisely determine the identity of human, there has been increasing attention for face based soft biometrics identification in recent years. Among those face based soft biometrics, gender and ethnicity are both key demographic attributes of human beings and they play a very fundamental and important role in automatic machine based face analysis. Meanwhile, facial expression recognition is another challenge problem in face analysis because of the diversity and hybridity of human expressions among different subjects in different cultures, genders and contexts. This Ph.D thesis work is dedicated to combine 2D facial Texture and 3D face morphology for estimating people’s soft biometrics: gender, ethnicity, etc., and recognizing facial expression. For the gender and ethnicity recognition, we present an effective and efficient approach on this issue by combining both boosted local texture and shape features extracted from 3D face models, in contrast to the existing ones that only depend on either 2D texture or 3D shape of faces. In order to comprehensively represent the difference between different genders or ethnics groups, we propose a novel local descriptor, namely local circular patterns (LCP). LCP improves the widely utilized local binary patterns (LBP) and its variants by replacing the binary quantization with a clustering based one, resulting in higher discriminative power as well as better robustness to noise. Meanwhile, the following Adaboost based feature selection finds the most discriminative gender- and ethnic-related features and assigns them with different weights to highlight their importance in classification, which not only further raises the performance but reduces the time and memory cost as well. Experimental results achieved on the FRGC v2.0 and BU-3DFE data sets clearly demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. For facial expression recognition, we present a fully automatic multi-modal 2D + 3D feature-based facial expression recognition approach and demonstrate its performance on the BU–3DFE database. Our approach combines multi-order gradientbased local texture and shape descriptors in order to achieve efficiency a nd robustness. First, a large set of fiducial facial landmarks of 2D face images along with their 3D face scans are localized using a novel algorithm namely incremental Parallel Cascade of Linear Regression (iPar–CLR). Then, a novel Histogram of Second Order Gradients (HSOG) based local image descriptor in conjunction with the widely used first-order gradient based SIFT descriptor are employed to describe the local texture around each 2D landmark. Similarly, the local geometry around each 3D landmark is described by two novel local shape descriptors constructed using the first-order and the second-order surface differential geometry quantities, i.e., Histogram of mesh Gradients (meshHOG) and Histogram of mesh Shape index (curvature quantization, meshHOS). Finally, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based recognition results of all 2D and 3D descriptors are fused at both featurelevel and score-level to further improve the accuracy. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that there exist impressive complementary characteristics between the 2D and 3D descriptors. We use the BU–3DFE benchmark to compare our approach to the state-of-the-art ones. Our multi-modal feature-based approach outperforms the others by achieving an average recognition accuracy of 86,32%. Moreover, a good generalization ability is shown on the Bosphorus database
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Wijenayaka, A. K. Lahiru Anuradha. "Improved theoretical prediction of nanoparticle stability and the synthesis, characterization, and application of gold nanopartticles of various morphology in surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1931.

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The overarching objective of the investigations discussed herein is the development of a model experimental system for surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy, with potential applicability in higher order infrared spectroscopic techniques, specifically, surface-enhanced two-dimensional infrared (SE-2D IR) spectroscopy. Theoretical predictions that accurately predict the stability of functionalized nanoparticles enable guided design of their properties but are often limited by the accuracy of the parameters used as model inputs. Hence, first, such parameterization limitations for the extended DLVO (xDLVO) theory are overcome using a size-dependent Hamaker constant for gold, interfacial surface potentials, and tilt angles of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which collectively improves the predictive power of xDLVO theory for modeling nanoparticle stability. Measurements of electrical properties of functionalized gold nanoparticles validate the predictions of xDLVO theory using these new parameterizations illustrating the potential for this approach to improve the design and control of the properties of functionalized gold nanoparticles in various applications. Next, a series of experiments were conducted to elucidate the behavior of various infrared active molecules in the presence of spherical gold nanoparticles of average diameter ∼20 nm. Here, the spectroscopic anomalies, specifically the shifted vibrational frequency and the dispersive lineshape observed in the infrared spectra for SCN- in the presence of gold nanoparticles provide direct evidence of SIERA. Nevertheless, it was evidenced that nanomaterial with plasmonic properties that extends into the infrared wavelengths are imperative in observing efficient infrared enhancements. Hence, nanomaterial indicating plasmonic properties extending into the infrared wavelengths were synthesized via a straightforward, seedless, one-pot synthesis. The gold nanostars prepared here indicated plasmonic behavior clearly extending into the near infrared, with simple plasmonic tunability via changing the buffer concentration used during synthesis. The systematic understanding achieved here in terms of theoretical prediction of nanoparticle stability, origin of infrared spectral anomalies in the presence of nanomaterials, and the preparation of infrared plasmonic material, collectively provides a resilient framework for the further investigation of surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopic techniques including SEIRA and SE-2D IR spectroscopies.
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Feng, Xinliang, Xiaodong Zhuang, Wuxue Zhao, Fan Zhang, Yu Cao, Feng Liu, and Shuai Bia. "A two-dimensional conjugated polymer framework with fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-224298.

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The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.
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Baubet, Bertrand. "Influence de la morphologie 2D de la phase active sur la sélectivité des catalyseurs sulfures en HDS des essences." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10067.

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Ce travail de thèse étudie l’influence de la morphologie des feuillets de sulfure de molybdène sur la sélectivité des catalyseurs d’hydrotraitement. Les feuillets de phase active présentent en effet deux types de bords appelés « M-edge » et « S-edge » susceptibles de conduire à des réactivités différentes. Le changement de la morphologie 2D des feuillets pourrait modifier les proportions de bords M et S exposés et ainsi les propriétés catalytiques des catalyseurs sulfures. Pour cela, des catalyseurs non promus (Mo) et promus (CoMo), supportés sur alumine ont été préparés par imprégnation à sec puis sulfurés dans des conditions variées (gaz et température). Des tests catalytiques en hydrodésulfuration (HDS) sélective des essences de FCC (sélectivité HDS/HYD) ont ensuite permis d’évaluer l’impact de la morphologie en s’appuyant sur des modèles géométriques construits à partir de calculs DFT et de caractérisations expérimentales (TEM, IR (CO), TPR, XPS). Les résultats obtenus pour les catalyseurs de type Mo semblent ainsi confirmer l’influence de la morphologie 2D sur la sélectivité HDS/HYD, le bord M paraissant être le plus sélectif pour les catalyseurs non promus. Ils mettent également en évidence l’importance de la réductibilité plus ou moins marquée des bords sur les propriétés catalytiques, notamment sur le bord M. Le changement des conditions de sulfuration semble donc affecter la morphologie des particules mais également les propriétés chimiques propres à chaque bord. En ce qui concerne les catalyseurs promus, la variation des conditions de sulfuration semble agir essentiellement au niveau de la répartition du promoteur entre les bords M et S. Cependant, les interactions avec le support paraissent constituer un frein aux effets de promotion. Dans ce contexte, les sulfurations à haute température sous H2S pur permettent d’obtenir des gains significatifs en activité et sélectivité. Ces résultats semblent dus à de faibles interactions avec le support et une décoration privilégiée du bord S qui pourrait favoriser la réaction d’HDS et limiter la réaction d’HYD. Au final, les interprétations effectuées en terme de morphologie 2D tendent à confirmer que ce paramètre peut constituer un axe de développement intéressant pour les catalyseurs d’hydrotraitement. L'optimisation des conditions de sulfuration permettraient bien de faire varier la morphologie et le taux de décoration du promoteur des catalyseurs, améliorant ainsi significativement l'activité et la sélectivité
This thesis examines the influence of the morphology of particles of molybdenum sulfide on selectivity of hydrotreating catalysts. Nanoparticles of active phase present two types of edges called “M-edge” and “S-edge” which may lead to different reactivities. The change in morphology of the 2D sheets could change the proportions of M and S edges exposed and thus the catalytic properties of sulfide catalysts. For this, non-promoted (Mo) and promoted (CoMo) catalysts, supported on alumina were prepared by dry impregnation and sulfide in various conditions (gas and temperature). Catalytic tests in selective hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of FCC gasoline (selectivity HDS /HYD) were then used to assess the impact of the morphology based on geometrical models which were constructed with DFT calculations and experimental characterizations (TEM, IR (CO), TPR, XPS). The results for Mo catalysts seem to confirm the influence of the 2D morphology selectivity HDS / HYD, M-edge appearing to be the most selective for non-promoted catalysts. They also highlight the importance of the reducibility more or less pronounced of the edges on the catalytic properties, especially on the M-edge. The different conditions of sulfidation seem to affect the morphology of the particles but also the specific chemical properties at each edge. Regarding to the promoted catalysts, the different conditions of sulfidation appear to act primarily at the distribution of the promoter between the M and S edges. However, interactions with the carrier appear to constitute an obstacle to promoting effects. In this context, sulfidations at high temperature in pure H2S lead to obtain significant gains in activity and selectivity. These results appear to be due to weak interactions with the carrier and to the presence of the promoter on the S-edge which could promote the HDS reaction and limit the HYD reaction. Finally, the interpretations made in terms of 2D morphology tend to confirm that this parameter can be an interesting line of development for hydrotreating catalysts. Optimization of the sulfidation conditions could effectively allow to vary the morphology and the rate of decoration of promoted catalysts which significantly improve the activity and selectivity
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Lottin, Delphine. "Dimensions fractales, morphologie et caractéristiques dimensionnelles 2D et 3D d'agrégats de nanoparticules de suie aéronautique : Etude par microscopie électronique en transmission et tomographie électronique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4012/document.

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Les agrégats de suie émis par les processus de combustion dans les turbines aéronautiques contribuent à modifier le bilan radiatif de l'atmosphère et la qualité de l'air. La connaissance de leurs caractéristiques physiques et chimiques est indispensable pour évaluer leur rôle dans les processus physico-chimiques atmosphériques et leur impact sur l'environnement et la santé publique. Dans ce contexte, notre étude vise à déterminer la taille et la morphologie d'agrégats de suie aéronautique à partir de mesures expérimentales menées en microscopie électronique en transmission (MET) et en tomographie électronique.Nous avons réalisé des clichés MET d'agrégats de suie émis par des turboréacteurs aéronautiques. Nous avons établi une méthode pour caractériser la morphologie des agrégats en déterminant leur allongement, leur compacité et la tortuosité de leur contour en analysant leur projection. Nous avons également développé un logiciel de traitement et d'analyse des images MET qui permet de reconstruire en 3D un agrégat à partir de ses projections et l'analyse de ses caractéristiques dimensionnelles et morphologiques à partir de sa reconstruction. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis d'étudier la validité des relations liant les caractéristiques microphysiques 2D et 3D proposées dans la littérature et d'en proposer de nouvelles pour les agrégats étudiés.Ces résultats constituent la première caractérisation morphologique 3D d'agrégats de suie aéronautique à partir d'analyses par MET et tomographie électronique. Ils montrent que les propriétés morphologiques de ces agrégats ne permettent pas d'utiliser la méthode d'ensemble pour déterminer la dimension fractale massique
Soot aggregates emitted by aircraft engines' combustion processes are involved in the modification of the global radiative budget and the air quality. The knowledge of their physical and chemical characteristics is a prerequisite to any evaluation of the way they may act in the atmospheric physical and chemical processes and their impact on the environment and public health. In this context, our study aims at determining the size and morphological characteristics of aircraft soot aggregates on the basis of experimental measurements by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron tomography.We have acquired TEM pictures of soot aggregates emitted by aircraft engines. We have established a method to characterize the morphology of these aggregates by determining their elongation, their compacity and the tortuosity of their edge. This method is based on the analysis of their TEM projection. Besides, we have developed a software to process and analyse TEM pictures. It allows to reconstruct aggregates from their projections and to determine their size and morphological characteristics. Our results have lead us to study the validity of the relationships linking the 2D and 3D microphysical characteristics presented in the literature and to suggest new ones for the studied aggregates.These results constitute the first 3D morphological and size characterizations of aircraft soot aggregates using TEM and electron tomography. They highlight the fact that the morphological properties of these aggregates do not fulfil the hypotheses required for the use of the collective method to determine the mass fractal dimension
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Feng, Xinliang, Xiaodong Zhuang, Wuxue Zhao, Fan Zhang, Yu Cao, Feng Liu, and Shuai Bia. "A two-dimensional conjugated polymer framework with fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30310.

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The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.
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Bouhnaida, Zaïnaba. "Étude comparative de trois systèmes de préparation canalaire en endodontie : Étude in vitro en micro-CT." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMO201/document.

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Le but de cette étude est de comparer le respect de la morphologie canalaire après instrumentation à l’aide de trois systèmes de mise en forme canalaire différents : le One Shape NEW Generation®, le Wave One® et le Revo-S® grâce à une étude en Micro-tomographie assistée par ordinateur ou micro-CT (Computed Tomography). La mise en place d’une chaîne méthodologique totalement tridimensionnelle (3D) comprenant la reconstruction, le recalage et la segmentation a permis de traiter les images acquises et d’extraire les images recalées des canaux dentaires avant et après instrumentation. Les artéfacts de segmentation dus aux calcifications et aux débris dentinaires ont été traités. Une méthode d’estimation des zones non instrumentées a également été décrite.Le transport canalaire a été calculé pour chaque coupe de chaque tiers radiculaire, en comparant la position du centroïde avant et après instrumentation. La comparaison des moyennes de transport canalaire ne montre pas de différence significative entre les 3 systèmes d’instrumentation.Cette approche méthodologique en 4 parties a permis de valider un protocole d’imagerie 3D reproductible, qui pourra être appliqué in vitro en recherche endodontique dans l’analyse des effets instrumentaux
The aim of this study is to compare the respect of the root canal morphology after instrumentation with different shaping systems (One Shape NEW Generation®, Wave One® and Revo-S®), by using Micro-Computed Tomography.We used a fully three-dimensional (3D) methodological process which involved the reconstruction, registration and segmentation. By this methodological process, images have been acquired and processed in order to extract registered canals images before and after the instrumentation. The segmentation artifacts like calcifications and debris have been taken into account. A method to estimate the non-instrumented zones is also described.The canal transportation was calculated for each slice of each root-third by comparing the position of the centroids before and after instrumentation. No significant difference was found between the three instrumentation systems when canal transport means were done.This 4-part methodological approach has enabled the validation of a reproducible 3D imaging protocol. This can be applied in vitro in endodontic research for analysis of the instrumental effects
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Book chapters on the topic "2D morphology"

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Kay, Nicholas D. "Morphology of 2D Materials and Their Heterostructures." In Springer Theses, 45–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70181-3_4.

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Katona, Melinda, and László G. Nyúl. "Efficient 1D and 2D Barcode Detection Using Mathematical Morphology." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 464–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38294-9_39.

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Tagliati, Elena, and Lewis D. Griffin. "Features in Scale Space: Progress on the 2D 2nd Order Jet." In Scale-Space and Morphology in Computer Vision, 51–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47778-0_5.

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Gómez-de-Mariscal, Estibaliz, Daniel Franco-Barranco, Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia, and Ignacio Arganda-Carreras. "Building a Bioimage Analysis Workflow Using Deep Learning." In Bioimage Data Analysis Workflows ‒ Advanced Components and Methods, 59–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76394-7_4.

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AbstractThe aim of this workflow is to quantify the morphology of pancreatic stem cells lying on a 2D polystyrene substrate from phase contrast microscopy images. For this purpose, the images are first processed with a Deep Learning model trained for semantic segmentation (cell/background); next, the result is refined and individual cell instances are segmented before characterizing their morphology. Through this workflow the readers will learn the nomenclature and understand the principles of Deep Learning applied to image processing.
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Golabczak, Andrzej, Andrzej Konstantynowicz, and Marcin Golabczak. "Modelling of the Surface Morphology by Means of 2D Numerical Filters." In Mechanical and Materials Engineering of Modern Structure and Component Design, 135–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19443-1_10.

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Pour-Moghaddam, Navid. "Prediction of 2D Macro-Scale Fragmentation of Tempered Glass." In On the Fracture Behaviour and the Fracture Pattern Morphology of Tempered Soda-Lime Glass, 121–81. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28206-6_5.

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Shaheen, Eman, Chantal Van Ongeval, Federica Zanca, Lesley Cockmartin, Nicholas Marshall, Frederik De Keyzer, Kenneth C. Young, David R. Dance, and Hilde Bosmans. "The Morphology of Microcalcifications in 2D Digital Mammography and Breast Tomosynthesis: Is It Different?" In Breast Imaging, 362–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31271-7_47.

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Milošević, Nebojša. "The Morphology of the Brain Neurons: Box-Counting Method in Quantitative Analysis of 2D Image." In Springer Series in Computational Neuroscience, 109–26. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3995-4_7.

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Behuet, Sabrina, Sebastian Bludau, Olga Kedo, Christian Schiffer, Timo Dickscheid, Andrea Brandstetter, Philippe Massicotte, Mona Omidyeganeh, Alan Evans, and Katrin Amunts. "A High-Resolution Model of the Human Entorhinal Cortex in the ‘BigBrain’ – Use Case for Machine Learning and 3D Analyses." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82427-3_1.

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AbstractThe ‘BigBrain’ is a high-resolution data set of the human brain that enables three-dimensional (3D) analyses with a 20 µm spatial resolution at nearly cellular level. We use this data set to explore pre-α (cell) islands of layer 2 in the entorhinal cortex (EC), which are early affected in Alzheimer’s disease and have therefore been the focus of research for many years. They appear mostly in a round and elongated shape as shown in microscopic studies. Some studies suggested that islands may be interconnected based on analyses of their shape and size in two-dimensional (2D) space. Here, we characterized morphological features (shape, size, and distribution) of pre-α islands in the ‘BigBrain’, based on 3D-reconstructions of gapless series of cell-body-stained sections. The EC was annotated manually, and a machine-learning tool was trained to identify and segment islands with subsequent visualization using high-performance computing (HPC). Islands were visualized as 3D surfaces and their geometry was analyzed. Their morphology was complex: they appeared to be composed of interconnected islands of different types found in 2D histological sections of EC, with various shapes in 3D. Differences in the rostral-to-caudal part of EC were identified by specific distribution and size of islands, with implications for connectivity and function of the EC. 3D compactness analysis found more round and complex islands than elongated ones. The present study represents a use case for studying large microscopic data sets. It provides reference data for studies, e.g. investigating neurodegenerative diseases, where specific alterations in layer 2 were previously reported.
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Li, Xin, Huaping Wang, Qing Shi, Juan Cui, Tao Sun, Hongpeng Qin, Qiang Huang, and Toshio Fukuda. "Morphologic Reconstruction of 2D Cellular Micro-scaffold Based on Digital Holographic Feedback." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 196–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27526-6_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "2D morphology"

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Zlokolica, Vladimir, Lazar Velicki, Marko Janev, David Mitrinovic, Danilo Babin, Nebojsa Ralevic, Nada Cemerlic-Adic, Ratko Obradovic, and Irena Galic. "Epicardial fat registration by local adaptive morphology-thresholding based 2D segmentation." In 2014 56th International Symposium ELMAR. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elmar.2014.6923347.

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Zahir Tuan Harith, Zuhar. "Imaging the Subsurface Karst Morphology Using High- resolution 2D Resistivity Imaging Technique." In First EAGE South-East Asia Regional Geology Workshop - Workshop on Palaeozoic Limestones of South-East Asia and South China. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144032.

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Holm, Mikayle A., Alex Deakyne, Erik Gaasedelen, Weston Upchurch, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "Classification of Left Atrial Appendage Morphology Using Deep Learning." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9018.

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Abstract Atrial fibrillation, a common cardiac arrhythmia, can lead to blood clots in the left atrial appendage (LAA) of the heart, increasing the risk of stroke. Understanding the LAA morphology can indicate the likelihood of a blood clot. Therefore, a classification convolutional neural network was implemented to predict the LAA morphology. Using 2D images of 3D models created from MRI scans of fixed human hearts and a pre-trained network, an 8.7% error rate was achieved. The network can be improved with more data or expanded to classify the LAA from the automatically segmented DICOM datasets and measure the LAA ostia.
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Susanto, Iwan, Ing-Song Yu, Chi-Yu Tsai, Yen-Ten Ho, Ping-Yu Tsai, Dianta Mustofa Kamal, Belyamin, and Sulaksana Permana. "Characterization on Surface Morphology of GaN Layer Deposited on 2D MoS2 Developed by CVD System." In Annual Southeast Asian International Seminar. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010537900930096.

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Li, Guang-Rong, Juan Lei, Guan-Jun Yang, Cheng-Xin Li, and Chang-Jiu Li. "Constrained Healing and Morphology Change Mechanism of 2D Cracks in Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings." In ITSC2015, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2015p0258.

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Abstract The stiffness and thermal conductivity of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are inevitably changed by healing up of intersplat pores and intra-splat cracks during high temperature exposure, which results in less compliance and thermal insulating performance. However most publications on sintering of plasma sprayed TBCs are based on free-standing coatings, which ignore residual stress and the stress produced by the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient between substrate and ceramic top coatings. In this paper, individual splat of YSZ and YSZ coatings have been sprayed on substrate of YSZ and Ni-based superalloy. Evolution of healing and morphology of 2D cracks and some properties, such as hardness and thermal conductivity, have been revealed during thermal exposure. Results showed that, during heating stage, the shear stress coming from substrate caused some tearing of bonding area tips and narrowing of inter-splat pores. Some recoverable and unrecoverable widening on intra-splat cracks occurred also due to shear stress. During annealing stage, compared with free-standing coating, the surface hardness of the coating deposited onto the Ni-based superalloy showed enhanced increasing due to the faster healing of inter-splat pores by narrowing down, and the hardness in cross-section presented retarding increasing due to the widening of cracks in out-plane direction leading to slower healing. The case of YSZ substrate fell between free-standing case and Ni-based superalloy. This would benefit the further in-depth understanding of the thermal cycling failure mechanism of plasma sprayed TBCs.
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Razban, Arash, Keyvan Mahjoory, and Mahdi Nooshyar. "Segmentation of retinal blood vessels by means of 2D Gabor wavelet and fuzzy mathematical morphology." In 2016 2nd International Conference of Signal Processing and Intelligent Systems (ICSPIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspis.2016.7869877.

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Ma, Ding, Sabareesh K. Natarajan, Jianping Xiang, Adnan Siddiqui, Elad I. Levy, J. Mocco, and Hui Meng. "2D and 3D Morphologic Metrics Associated Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19633.

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Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) rupture results in severe morbidity and mortality. Therefore indentifying IA rupture risk is highly critical. Although it has been recognized that IA rupture is the result of a complex vascular degeneration process involving multiple mechanobiological factors, such information for each patient is not readily available in clinical setting. Alternatively, morphology and hemodynamic metrics can be derived from routine patient-specific imaging. In previous studies, a number of morphological metrics derived from analysis of reconstructed vascular 3D geometry have shown significance in discriminating ruptured from unruptued IAs, including in particular aneurysm size ratio, defined as IA size divided by the parent vessel diameter. However, these measures rely on 3D image segmentation and measurement, which makes them less practical in current angiographic rooms often equipped with only biplane angiogram capability and even when 3D rotational angiography is available, on-site 3D image segmentation and analyses are still not practical. Our foregoing study examined three parameters measured on 2D angiographs: aneurysm Size Ratio (SR), Aspect Ratio (AR) and Size. We found that SR had the strongest correlation with IA rupture. The current study further evaluates these geometric metrics, measured both from 3D and 2D images, with a larger cohort of saccular intracranial aneurysms.
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Qin, Ruihong, Yaping Ju, Yazhou Wang, and Chuhua Zhang. "Flow Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of a 2D Compressor Cascade With Dirty Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56915.

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Compressor cascades with service inevitably suffer from blade fouling or erosion, which modifies blade geometries and brings sufficient damage to compressor performance. However, very few studies were cast upon the impact of degraded blade surface morphologies on the compressor aerodynamic performance. In this study, a novel geometry parameterization method is proposed to describe the non-uniform, multi-scale and stochastic geometric features of blade surface morphologies in fouling and erosion conditions. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the influences of coverage, dirty size and density of dirty units on the cascade performance and flow field are numerically investigated. Finally, uncertainty analyses are conducted to quantify the cascade performance variations due to geometric uncertainties of dirty surface morphologies. To alleviate the computational load, a relatively new dimension reduction technique, i.e., the active subspace method is used to reduce the original eight-dimensional uncertainty quantification problem to a one-dimensional one. The CFD results show that at the high flow rate, the cascade performance is gradually worsened as the dirty surface morphology extends from the blade leading edge to the trailing edge on the suction surface. However, at the low flow rate, the cascade performance degradations tend to be alleviated once the dirty surface morphology enters the region of the separation bubble on the suction surface. At both operating points, the cascade total pressure loss almost increases monotonically with either larger or densified dirty units distributed on the blade suction surface. The probabilistic distributions from uncertainty analyses show that the cascade performance is more sensitive to the dirty surface morphology at low flow rates than at high flow rates. The present study can help understand the loss mechanisms within the 2D cascade in fouling and erosion conditions, which is beneficial for the enhancement of 3D compressor performance.
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KARKI, SAROJ, KARKI NAKAGAWA, KENJI KAWAIKE, MASAKAZU HASHIMOTO, YUJI HASEGAWA, EDDY J. LANGENDOEN, RIADH ATA, PABLO TASSI, KAMAL ., and EL KADI ABDERREZZAK. "Experimental and 2D Numerical Modelling of Morphology and Bank Erosion in Meandering Channels of Different Sinuosity." In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-1025x.

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Sahadun, Nur Afiqah, Nor Azizah Ali, Habibollah Haron, and Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir. "A simple object detection of trabecular bone morphology in 2D image at bovine sample preliminary segmentation." In 2017 6th ICT International Student Project Conference (ICT-ISPC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict-ispc.2017.8075333.

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Reports on the topic "2D morphology"

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Steegman, Ralph, Anne-Marie Renkema, Herman Verbeek, Adriaan Schoeman, Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman, and Yijin Ren. Upper Airway Volumetric Changes on CBCT after Orthodontic Interventions: protocol for a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0017.

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Review question / Objective: Does the volume of the upper airway change after an orthodontic intervention? P: growing subjects, adults; I: orthodontic treatment, dentofacial orthopedics, extractions; C: untreated subjects and/or non-extractions; O: volumetric changes of the upper airway measured on CBCT scans. Condition being studied: The primary objective of orthodontic treatment is to establish optimal dental and/or skeletal relationship in harmony with the soft tissue morphology and functioning. In addition, un-impeding or facilitating airway growth and development is an important objective, especially in patients susceptible for airway obstruction or sleep apnea. It is therefore important to look into the effect of various orthodontic treatments on the 3D volumetric changes of the upper airway. Compared with the use of traditional 2D lateral cephalograms, CBCT scans provide the opportunity to perform measurements in more dimensions on the airway with demonstrated reliability. This systematic review therefore includes studies using CBCT scans for evaluation of the airway.
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