Journal articles on the topic '2D material technology'
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1
Yang, Hongyan, Yunzheng Wang, Zian Cheak Tiu, Sin Jin Tan, Libo Yuan, and Han Zhang. "All-Optical Modulation Technology Based on 2D Layered Materials." Micromachines 13, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010092.
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In the advancement of photonics technologies, all-optical systems are highly demanded in ultrafast photonics, signal processing, optical sensing and optical communication systems. All-optical devices are the core elements to realize the next generation of photonics integration system and optical interconnection. Thus, the exploration of new optoelectronics materials that exhibit different optical properties is a highlighted research direction. The emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, black phosphorus (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and MXene have proved great potential in the evolution of photonics technologies. The optical properties of 2D materials comprising the energy bandgap, third-order nonlinearity, nonlinear absorption and thermo-optics coefficient can be tailored for different optical applications. Over the past decade, the explorations of 2D materials in photonics applications have extended to all-optical modulators, all-optical switches, an all-optical wavelength converter, covering the visible, near-infrared and Terahertz wavelength range. Herein, we review different types of 2D materials, their fabrication processes and optical properties. In addition, we also summarize the recent advances of all-optical modulation based on 2D materials. Finally, we conclude on the perspectives on and challenges of the future development of the 2D material-based all-optical devices.
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Wu, Yan-Fei, Meng-Yuan Zhu, Rui-Jie Zhao, Xin-Jie Liu, Yun-Chi Zhao, Hong-Xiang Wei, Jing-Yan Zhang, et al. "The fabrication and physical properties of two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 4 (2022): 048502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20212033.
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Two-dimensional van der Waals materials (2D materials for short) have developed into a novel material family that has attracted much attention, and thus the integration, performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures has been one of the research hotspots in the field of condensed matter physics and materials science. The 2D van der Waals heterostructures provide a flexible and extensive platform for exploring diverse physical effects and novel physical phenomena, as well as for constructing novel spintronic devices. In this topical review article, starting with the transfer technology of 2D materials, we will introduce the construction, performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures. Firstly, the preparation technology of 2D van der Waals heterostructures in detail will be presented according to the two classifications of wet transfer and dry transfer, including general equipment for transfer technology, the detailed steps of widely used transfer methods, a three-dimensional manipulating method for 2D materials, and hetero-interface cleaning methods. Then, we will introduce the performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures, with a focus on 2D magnetic van der Waals heterostructures and their applications in the field of 2D van der Waals magnetic tunnel junctions and moiré superlattices. The development and optimization of 2D materials transfer technology will boost 2D van der Waals heterostructures to achieve breakthrough results in fundamental science research and practical application.
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Masurkar, Nirul, Sundeep Varma, and Leela Mohana Reddy Arava. "Supported and Suspended 2D Material-Based FET Biosensors." Electrochem 1, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): 260–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electrochem1030017.
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Field Effect Transistor (FET)-based electrochemical biosensor is gaining a lot of interest due to its malleability with modern fabrication technology and the ease at which it can be integrated with modern digital electronics. To increase the sensitivity and response time of the FET-based biosensor, many semiconducting materials have been categorized, including 2 dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. These 2D materials are easy to fabricate, increase sensitivity due to the atomic layer, and are flexible for a range of biomolecule detection. Due to the atomic layer of 2D materials each device requires a supporting substrate to fabricate a biosensor. However, uneven morphology of supporting substrate leads to unreliable output from every device due to scattering effect. This review summarizes advances in 2D material-based electrochemical biosensors both in supporting and suspended configurations by using different atomic monolayer, and presents the challenges involved in supporting substrate-based 2D biosensors. In addition, we also point out the advantages of nanomaterials over bulk materials in the biosensor domain.
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Maiti, Rishi, Rohit A. Hemnani, Rubab Amin, Zhizhen Ma, Mohammad H. Tahersima, Tom A. Empante, Hamed Dalir, Ritesh Agarwal, Ludwig Bartels, and Volker J. Sorger. "A semi-empirical integrated microring cavity approach for 2D material optical index identification at 1.55 μm." Nanophotonics 8, no. 3 (February 21, 2019): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0197.
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AbstractAtomically thin 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) provide a wide range of basic building blocks with unique properties, making them ideal for heterogeneous integration with a mature chip platform for advances in optical communication technology. The control and understanding of the precise value of the optical index of these materials, however, is challenging, as the standard metrology techniques such as the millimeter-large ellipsometry is often not usable due the small lateral 2D material flake dimension. Here, we demonstrate an approach of passive tunable coupling by integrating few layers of MoTe2 onto a microring resonator connected to a waveguide bus. We find the TMD-to-ring circumference coverage length ratio required to precisely place the ring into a critical coupling condition to be about 10% as determined from the variation of spectral resonance visibility and loss as a function of TMD coverage. Using this TMD-ring heterostructure, we further demonstrate a semiempirical method to determine the index of a 2D material (nMoTe2 of 4.36+0.011i) near telecommunication-relevant wavelength. The placement, control, and optical property understanding of 2D materials with integrated photonics pave the way for further studies of active 2D material-based optoelectronics and circuits.
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Wu, Yuanpeng, Ping Wang, Woncheol Lee, Anthony Aiello, Parag Deotare, Theodore Norris, Pallab Bhattacharya, Mackillo Kira, Emmanouil Kioupakis, and Zetian Mi. "Perspectives and recent advances of two-dimensional III-nitrides: Material synthesis and emerging device applications." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 16 (April 17, 2023): 160501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0145931.
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Both two-dimensional (2D) transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and III–V semiconductors have been considered as potential platforms for quantum technology. While 2D TMDs exhibit a large exciton binding energy, and their quantum properties can be tailored via heterostructure stacking, TMD technology is currently limited by the incompatibility with existing industrial processes. Conversely, III-nitrides have been widely used in light-emitting devices and power electronics but not leveraging excitonic quantum aspects. Recent demonstrations of 2D III-nitrides have introduced exciton binding energies rivaling TMDs, promising the possibility to achieve room-temperature quantum technologies also with III-nitrides. Here, we discuss recent advancements in the synthesis and characterizations of 2D III-nitrides with a focus on 2D free-standing structures and embedded ultrathin quantum wells. We overview the main obstacles in the material synthesis, vital solutions, and the exquisite optical properties of 2D III-nitrides that enable excitonic and quantum-light emitters.
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Murali, G., Jishu Rawal, Jeevan Kumar Reddy Modigunta, Young Ho Park, Jong-Hoon Lee, Seul-Yi Lee, Soo-Jin Park, and Insik In. "A review on MXenes: new-generation 2D materials for supercapacitors." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 22 (2021): 5672–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00918d.
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MXene is one of the rapidly emerging 2D material in the present era of materials science, and it finds increasing applications in energy storage fields. MXene is one of the most suitable electrode materials for futuristic energy storage devices.
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Late, Dattatray J., and Claudia Wiemer. "Advances in low dimensional and 2D materials." AIP Advances 12, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 110401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0129120.
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This special issue is focused on the advances in low-dimensional and 2D materials. 2D materials have gained much consideration recently due to their extraordinary properties. Since the isolation of single-layer graphene in Novoselov et al. [Science 306, 666–669 (2004)], the work on graphene analogs of 2D materials has progressed rapidly across the scientific and engineering fields. Over the last ten years, several 2D materials have been widely explored for technological applications. Moreover, the existence in nature of layered crystallographic structures where exotic properties emerge when the thickness is reduced to a few monolayers has enlarged the field of low-dimensional (i.e., quasi-2D) materials. The special topic aims to collect the recent advances in technologically relevant low-dimensional and 2D materials, such as graphene, layered semiconductors (e.g., MoS2, WS2, WSe2, PtSe2, MoTe2, Black-P, etc.), MXenes, and topological insulators, such as Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, etc.). There is an urgent need for material innovations for the rapid development of the next technologies based on these materials. The scope of this special topic is to address recent trends in 2D materials and hybrid structures and their widespread applications in device technology and measurement.
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Shang, Peng, Huaiqing Zhang, Xiaopeng Liu, Zhuang Yang, Bingfeng Liu, and Teng Liu. "Cutting-Force Modeling Study on Vibration-Assisted Micro-Milling of Bone Materials." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (July 14, 2023): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071422.
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This study aims to enhance surgical safety and facilitate patient recovery through the investigation of vibration-assisted micro-milling technology for bone-material removal. The primary objective is to reduce cutting force and improve surface quality. Initially, a predictive model is developed to estimate the cutting force during two-dimensional (2D) vibration-assisted micro-milling of bone material. This model takes into account the anisotropic structural characteristics of bone material and the kinematics of the milling tool. Subsequently, an experimental platform is established to validate the accuracy of the cutting-force model for bone material. Micro-milling experiments are conducted on bone materials, with variations in cutting direction, amplitude, and frequency, to assess their impact on cutting force. The experimental results demonstrate that selecting appropriate machining parameters can effectively minimize cutting force in 2D vibration-assisted micro-milling of bone materials. The insights gained from this study provide valuable guidance for determining cutting parameters in vibration-assisted micro-milling of bone materials.
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Chen, Cheng, Xiao Hui Wang, Zhi Qiang Dong, Gong Chen, Lu Xiao Han, and Zhi Gang Zhu. "Anti-Counterfeiting Layer of 2D Colloidal Crystal Based Photonic Material." Materials Science Forum 972 (October 2019): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.972.185.
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A facile approach of robust polymer-based two-dimensional (2D) colloidal crystal (CC) layers was presented. This technology enables the convenient fabrication of an anti-counterfeiting coating with a polymeric 2D CC, allowing the fast preparation of functional polymer photonic materials. Briefly, a 2D CC was prepared by self-assembly of polystyrene (PS) submicrospheres, which was then transferred to substrates by adhesive polymeric solution and cured to form a photonic film. Such photonic films strongly and angle dependently diffract visible light, and the high transparency of the photonic layers ensured the readout from the substrate. The PC layers can also prevent the re-write or re-print on the substrate, indicating the potential applications in colorful and anti-counterfeiting coating materials.
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Kaul, Anupama B. "Graphene and The Advent of Other Layered-2D Materials for Nanoelectronics, Photonics and Related Applications." MRS Proceedings 1549 (2013): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.812.
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ABSTRACTCarbon-based nanostructures have been the center of intense research and development for more than two decades now. Of these materials, graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) layered material system, has had a significant impact on science and technology in recent years after it was experimentally isolated in single layers in 2004. The recent emergence of other classes of 2D layered systems beyond graphene has added yet more exciting and new dimensions for research and exploration given their diverse and rich spectrum of properties. For example, h-BN a layered material closest in structure to graphene, is an insulator, while NbSe, a transition metal dichalcogenide is metallic and monolayers of other transition metal di-chalcogenides such as MoS2 are direct band-gap semiconductors. The rich variety of properties that 2D layered material systems offer can potentially be engineered on-demand, and creates exciting prospects for their device and technological applications ranging from electronics, sensing, photonics, energy harvesting and flexible electronics in the near future.
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Wu, Zheng, Xiaoyu Shi, Tingting Liu, Xiaoli Xu, Hongjian Yu, Yan Zhang, Laishun Qin, Xiaoping Dong, and Yanmin Jia. "Remarkable Pyro-Catalysis of g-C3N4 Nanosheets for Dye Decoloration under Room-Temperature Cold–Hot Cycle Excitation." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (March 21, 2023): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061124.
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Pyroelectric materials have the ability to convert the environmental cold–hot thermal energy such as day–night temperature alternation into electrical energy. The novel pyro-catalysis technology can be designed and realized on the basis of the product coupling between pyroelectric and electrochemical redox effects, which is helpful for the actual dye decomposition. The organic two-dimensional (2D) graphic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as an analogue of graphite, has attracted considerable interest in the field of material science; however, its pyroelectric effect has rarely been reported. In this work, the remarkable pyro-catalytic performance was achieved in the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheet catalyst materials under the continuous room-temperature cold–hot thermal cycling excitation from 25 °C to 60 °C. The pyro-catalytic RhB dye decoloration efficiency of the 2D organic g-C3N4 can reach ~92.6%. Active species such as the superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals are observed as the intermediate products in the pyro-catalysis process of the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheets. The pyro-catalysis of the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheets provides efficient technology for wastewater treatment applications, utilizing the ambient cold–hot alternation temperature variations in future.
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Chaudhary, Mayur, and Yu-Lun Chueh. "Dual Threshold and Memory Switching Induced By Conducting Filament Morphology in Ag/WSe2 Based ECM Cell." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 36 (October 9, 2022): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02361334mtgabs.
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In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials-based RRAMs have gained high importance because of their thermal and mechanical stability, and better potentiation-depression controllability. 2D materials based conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) has been considered as promising approach for neuromorphic and image processing technology [1]. Despite much progress in CMOS technology, the growth and deposition technology of 2D materials for semiconductor integrated circuit are much complex and is generally available at wafer scale [2]. In addition, high growth temperature for high quality of 2D materials complicates direct wafer growth and makes transfer process desirable. At the device level, challenges are linked to controlled and uniform growth of 2D material for high density electronic structure. Recently, discreet 2D based memristor have been used in crossbar structure as synapse for neuromorphic computing. However, the plasma-assisted chemical vapor reaction (PACVR) based memristor for neuromorphic application are rarely demonstrated. Here, we report the co-integration of plasma-assisted chemical vapor reaction (PACVR) with silicon CMOS technology to provide brain-inspired computing device. PACVR offers compatibility with temperature limited 3D integration process and also provides much better thickness control over a large area. Furthermore, it an easy platform for direct and controlled synthesis of TMDs compared to conventional CVD approach. The PACVR grown WSe2 layer (~2 nm) on silicon substrate is realized, which exhibits both threshold and bipolar switching. The threshold and bipolar switching emulate integrate-fire neuron function and is obtained by modulating the compliance current in the device. The dynamics of the switching is closely related to the diffusive dynamics of the active metal (Ag or Cu) which can be controlled by device current. As a result, the WSe2/Si memristor shows synaptic behavior for neuromorphic system with learning accuracy of 96%. References: Wang, C.-Y. et al. 2D layered materials for memristive and neuromorphic applications. Electron. Mater. 6, 1901107 (2020) Zhang, X. et al. Two-dimensional MoS2-enabled flexible rectenna for Wi-Fi-band wireless energy harvesting. Nature 566, 368–372 (2019). Figure 1
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Xu, Wen, Minghui Zhang, Yanfeng Dong, and Jingwen Zhao. "Two-Dimensional Materials for Dendrite-Free Zinc Metal Anodes in Aqueous Zinc Batteries." Batteries 8, no. 12 (December 19, 2022): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8120293.
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Aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) show promising applications in large-scale energy storage and wearable devices mainly because of their low cost and intrinsic safety. However, zinc metal anodes suffer from dendrite issues and side reactions, seriously hindering their practical applications. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with atomic thickness and large aspect ratio possess excellent physicochemical properties, providing opportunities to rationally design and construct practically reversible zinc metal anodes. Here, we systematically summarize the recent progress of 2D materials (e.g., graphene and MXene) that can be used to enable dendrite-free zinc metal anodes for AZBs. Firstly, the construction methods and strategies of 2D materials/Zn hybrid anodes are briefly reviewed, and are classified into protecting layers on Zn foils and host materials for Zn. Secondly, various 2D material/Zn hybrid anodes are elaborately introduced, and the key roles played by 2D materials in stabilizing the Zn/Zn2+ redox process are specially emphasized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of advanced 2D materials for advanced Zn anodes in next-generation AZBs are briefly discussed.
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Dong, Lei, Jianqun Yang, Xiaodong Xu, Xiaoqing Yue, Shangli Dong, Gang Lv, and Xingji Li. "Effect of fluorine ion irradiation on the properties of monolayer molybdenum disulfide." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 22 (December 14, 2022): 225107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0114012.
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Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS2) has great application prospects in the field of optoelectronic devices. Defect engineering is an effective way to regulate the electronic and optical properties of 2D MoS2. However, defect controlling on 2D materials remains a major challenge. Fluorine, as the most electronegative element, may cause many interesting phenomena after doping in 2D materials. So far, there have been no reports on the effect of fluoride ion (F− ion) irradiation on 2D material properties. In this paper, the monolayer MoS2 (ML-MoS2) synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition method was taken as the research object, and defects with controllable densities were produced by 30 keV F− ion irradiation, in which the defects were dominated by S vacancies. Based on Raman, photoluminescence, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is shown that the ion irradiation-induced defects significantly affect the optoelectronic properties of MoS2. We also observed the p-doping of ML-MoS2, which is attributed to the introduction of F− ions and the electron transfer from MoS2 to O2 at defect adsorption sites. This study reveals that 2D materials could be effectively doped or compensated using irradiation technology, potentially fabricating novel 2D electrical devices through defect engineering.
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Li, Gang. "Application Analysis of the Wall Insulation Construction Technology in Energy-Saving of Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.872.
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Wall insulation material can save a lot of wall materials, improve the performance of the wall insulation, save resources, and reduce environmental pollution, which is a new material for interior and exterior wall insulation. In order to study the insulation performance of insulation material, according to the construction process of insulation material, we design the multi-layer insulation wall structure. In order to verify the insulation effect of energy saving, we use the FLUENT software to do numerical simulation on the wall insulation effect, and establish the heat transfer equation of the radiation and solid. We use the CAD software to design large building model, and use GAMBIT to carry on the grid division, finally get the 2D and 3D temperature distribution by means of numerical calculation. Through the finding of thermal efficiency and energy-saving efficiency, insulation wall can significantly improve the energy performance of buildings, which provides technical support to study the energy saving and environmental protection of building.
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Ren, Yu, Yuze Dong, Yaqing Feng, and Jialiang Xu. "Compositing Two-Dimensional Materials with TiO2 for Photocatalysis." Catalysts 8, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120590.
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Energy shortage and environmental pollution problems boost in recent years. Photocatalytic technology is one of the most effective ways to produce clean energy—hydrogen and degrade pollutants under moderate conditions and thus attracts considerable attentions. TiO2 is considered one of the best photocatalysts because of its well-behaved photo-corrosion resistance and catalytic activity. However, the traditional TiO2 photocatalyst suffers from limitations of ineffective use of sunlight and rapid carrier recombination rate, which severely suppress its applications in photocatalysis. Surface modification and hybridization of TiO2 has been developed as an effective method to improve its photocatalysis activity. Due to superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, suitable bandgap, structural stability and high charge mobility, two-dimensional (2D) material is an ideal modifier composited with TiO2 to achieve enhanced photocatalysis process. In this review, we summarized the preparation methods of 2D material/TiO2 hybrid and drilled down into the role of 2D materials in photocatalysis activities.
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Yang, Heechan, Jonghyun Baek, and Hyung Gyu Park. "Architecture and mass transport properties of graphene-based membranes." JMST Advances 2, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42791-020-00032-6.
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Abstract A recently rising question of the applicability of two-dimensional (2D) materials to membranes of enhanced performance in water technology is drawing attention increasingly. At the center of the attention lies graphene, an atom-thick 2D material, for its readiness and manufacturability. This review presents an overview of recent research activities focused on the fundamental mass transport phenomena of two feasible membrane architectures from graphene. If one could perforate pores in a pristine impermeable graphene sheet with dimensional accuracy, the perforated 2D orifice would show unrivaled permeation of gases and liquids due to the 0D atomic barrier. If possibly endowed with selectivity, the porous graphene orifice would avail potentially for membrane separation processes. For example, it is noteworthy that results of molecular dynamics simulations and several early experiments have exhibited the potential use of the ultrathin permeable graphene layer having sub-nanometer-sized pores for a water desalination membrane. The other membrane design is obtainable by random stacking of moderately oxidized graphene platelets. This lamellar architecture suggests the possibility of water treatment and desalination membranes because of subnanometric interlayer spacing between two adjacent graphene sheets. The unique structure and mass transport phenomena could enlist these graphene membrane architectures as extraordinary membrane material effective to various applications of membrane technology including water treatment. Graphic abstract
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Tago, Yuichiro, Fumie Akimoto, Kuniyuki Kitagawa, Norio Arai, Stuart W. Churchill, and Ashwani K. Gupta. "Spectroscopic Measurements of High Emissivity Materials Using Two-Dimensional Two-Color Thermometry." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 3 (August 10, 2004): 472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1917889.
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Radiative heat transfer characteristics from the surface of a substance coated with a high-emissivity material have been examined from the measured two-dimensional (2D) temperature distribution using two-color thermometry principle. The technique utilized a charge coupled device camera and optical filters having either wide or narrow wavelength bandpass filters. The results obtained were compared to evaluate the accuracy of the temperature measurements. The 2D emissivity distributions were also derived from the measured 2D temperature distributions. The results indicate that the substrate coated with high-emissivity material exhibit high emission of radiation, resulting in effective cooling. The enhanced emissivity of materials also results in improved radiative heat transfer in heating furnaces and other high-temperature applications. The emissivity measured with the wide-bandpass filters increased with temperature. Atmospheric absorption, mainly due to humidity, made a negligible contribution to the total spectral intensity and to the temperature measurements. The small discrepancies are attributed to the dependence of emissivity on wavelength. Thus, the use of narrow-bandpass filters in thermometry is advantageous over the wide-bandpass ones.
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Lavorato, Cristina, and Enrica Fontananova. "An Overview on Exploitation of Graphene-Based Membranes: From Water Treatment to Medical Industry, Including Recent Fighting against COVID-19." Microorganisms 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2023): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020310.
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Graphene and its derivatives have lately been the subject of increased attention for different environmental applications of membrane technology such as water treatment and air filtration, exploiting their antimicrobial and antiviral activity. They are interesting candidates as membrane materials for their outstanding mechanical and chemical stability and for their thin two-dimensional (2D) nanostructure with potential pore engineering for advanced separation. All these applications have evolved and diversified from discovery to today, and now graphene and graphene derivatives also offer fascinating opportunities for the fight against infective diseases such as COVID-19 thanks to their antimicrobial and antiviral properties. This paper presents an overview of graphene-based 2D materials, their preparation and use as membrane material for applications in water treatment and in respiratory protection devices.
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Ayman, Imtisal, Aamir Rasheed, Sara Ajmal, Abdul Rehman, Awais Ali, Imran Shakir, and Muhammad Farooq Warsi. "CoFe2O4 Nanoparticle-Decorated 2D MXene: A Novel Hybrid Material for Supercapacitor Applications." Energy & Fuels 34, no. 6 (May 22, 2020): 7622–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00959.
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Zazoum, Bouchaib, Abdel Bachri, and Jamal Nayfeh. "Functional 2D MXene Inks for Wearable Electronics." Materials 14, no. 21 (November 2, 2021): 6603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216603.
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Inks printing is an innovative and practicable technology capable of fabricating the next generation of flexible functional systems with various designs and desired architectures. As a result, inks printing is extremely attractive in the development of printed wearables, including wearable sensors, micro supercapacitor (MSC) electrodes, electromagnetic shielding, and thin-film batteries. The discovery of Ti3C2Tx in 2011, a 2D material known as a MXene, which is a compound composed of layered nitrides, carbides, or carbonitrides of transition metals, has attracted significant interest within the research community because of its exceptional physical and chemical properties. MXene has high metallic conductivity of transition metal carbides combined with hydrophilic behavior due to its surface terminated functional groups, all of which make it an excellent candidate for promising inks printing applications. This paper reviews recent progress in the development of 2D MXene inks, including synthesis procedures, inks formulation and performance, and printing methods. Further, the review briefly provides an overview of future guidelines for the study of this new generation of 2D materials.
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Welly Desriyati. "Video Animasi 2D Pengenalan Bangun Datar Pada Pembelajaran Matematika." Pixel :Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer Grafis 14, no. 2 (December 6, 2021): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/pixel.v14i2.556.
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Rapid technological advances make print communication media begin to be shifted by information media that utilizes computer technology as a means of delivery. Technological developments change the teacher's task from being a teacher to a facilitator who provides convenience in learning. SD Negeri 004 Bangsal Aceh is one of the schools that still applies the mathematics learning process using textbooks so that students do not understand the lesson. Teachers are required to make changes in teaching patterns in the classroom, one of which is with animated videos. This study uses the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method covering concept, design, collecting material, assembly, testing and distribution. The final result of this research is an animated video of mathematics learning about the material of flat shapes. Animated videos are used as an interesting and effective means of information and learning media. Besides that, it can also improve students' understanding and skills in learning mathematics, especially the material of flat shapes
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He, Yashuo, Haotian Wan, Xiaoning Jiang, and Chang Peng. "Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer Technology: Recent Advances and Applications." Biosensors 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13010055.
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The objective of this article is to review the recent advancement in piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) technology and the associated piezoelectric materials, device fabrication and characterization, as well as applications. PMUT has been an active research topic since the late 1990s because of the ultrasound application needs of low cost large 2D arrays, and the promising progresses on piezoelectric thin films, semiconductors, and micro/nano-electromechanical system technology. However, the industrial and medical applications of PMUTs have not been very significant until the recent success of PMUT based fingerprint sensing, which inspired growing interests in PMUT research and development. In this paper, recent advances of piezoelectric materials for PMUTs are reviewed first by analyzing the material properties and their suitability for PMUTs. PMUT structures and the associated micromachining processes are next reviewed with a focus on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatibility. PMUT prototypes and their applications over the last decade are then summarized to show the development trend of PMUTs. Finally, the prospective future of PMUTs is discussed as well as the challenges on piezoelectric materials, micro/nanofabrication and device integration.
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Jhon, Young In, and Ju Han Lee. "Saturable Absorption Dynamics of Highly Stacked 2D Materials for Ultrafast Pulsed Laser Production." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 2690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062690.
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This review summarizes recent developments of saturable absorbers (SAs) based on 2D materials for nonlinear optical absorption and ultrafast pulsed laser generation. Apart from graphene, various 2D materials such as topological insulators and transition metal dichalcogenides are investigated for SA applications and their important potential as passive mode-lockers for femtosecond laser production are extensively investigated. By selecting appropriate 2D materials, a wide spectral range of passively mode-locked pulsed lasers are obtained, covering visible, midinfrared and a terahertz region. A set of different approaches is used for fabricating SA modules of fiber laser photonics, which include sandwiching, side-polishing and tapering methods. Noticeably, through systematic studies, it is demonstrated that layer-stacking seldom deteriorates the SA performance of 2D materials in the evanescent regime, although their ultrathin nature may improve the efficiency in a transmission mode like sandwich-type SAs. The direction for designing new SAs is presented based on material characterization.
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Wang, Zhen Zhong, Yin Biao Guo, and Yong Bo Wu. "Development of a Two-Dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Machining Technology with Tool Vibration." Key Engineering Materials 487 (July 2011): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.487.419.
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As the reliable technology, ultrasonic assisted machining is widely used for brittle materials. This paper provides a two-dimensional(2D) ultrasonic vibration assisted machining technology with tool vibration using elliptical vibrator with longitudinal mode and bending mode, and set up the experiment device. Si wafer is taken as the workpiece, and single point cutting experiments for micro groove are investigated. For the further application, the ultrasonic assisted polishing experiment with wheel block is executed. Experimental results indicate that ultrasonic assisted cutting with tool vibration can improve the cutting performance and enhance the ductile removal. And the ultrasonic assisted polishing with whetstone piece makes the better surface roughness and higher material removal rate.
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He, Bob B. "Recent Advances in Texture Measurement Using Two-Dimensional Detector." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.507.
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The two most important advances in two-dimensional x-ray diffraction (XRD2) are area detectors for collecting 2D diffraction patterns and algorithms in analyzing 2D diffraction patterns. The VÅNTEC-500 area detector represents the innovation in detector technology. The combination of its large active area, high sensitivity, high count rate, high resolution and low noise, makes it the technology of choice for many applications, including texture analysis. A 2D diffraction pattern contains information in a large solid angle which can be described by the diffraction intensity distribution in both 2θ and g directions. The texture information appears in a 2D diffraction pattern as intensity variation in g direction. The intensity variation represents the orientation distribution of the crystallites in a polycrystalline material. The diffraction vector orientation regarding to the sample orientation can be obtained by vector transformation from the laboratory space to the sample space. The fundamental equations for texture analysis are derived from the unit vector expression in the sample space.
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Ko, Changhyun. "Reconfigurable Local Photoluminescence of Atomically-Thin Semiconductors via Ferroelectric-Assisted Effects." Nanomaterials 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9111620.
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Combining a pair of materials of different structural dimensions and functional properties into a hybrid material system may realize unprecedented multi-functional device applications. Especially, two-dimensional (2D) materials are suitable for being incorporated into the heterostructures due to their colossal area-to-volume ratio, excellent flexibility, and high sensitivity to interfacial and surface interactions. Semiconducting molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), one of the well-studied layered materials, has a direct band gap as one molecular layer and hence, is expected to be one of the promising key materials for next-generation optoelectronics. Here, using lateral 2D/3D heterostructures composed of MoS2 monolayers and nanoscale inorganic ferroelectric thin films, reversibly tunable photoluminescence has been demonstrated at the microscale to be over 200% upon ferroelectric polarization reversal by using nanoscale conductive atomic force microscopy tips. Also, significant ferroelectric-assisted modulation in electrical properties has been achieved from field-effect transistor devices based on the 2D/3D heterostructrues. Moreover, it was also shown that the MoS2 monolayer can be an effective electric field barrier in spite of its sub-nanometer thickness. These results would be of close relevance to exploring novel applications in the fields of optoelectronics and sensor technology.
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Li, Qiang, Xingyi Tan, Yongming Yang, Xiaoyong Xiong, Teng Zhang, and Zhulin Weng. "Sub-5 nm Gate-Length Monolayer Selenene Transistors." Molecules 28, no. 14 (July 13, 2023): 5390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145390.
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Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are being considered as alternative channel materials as silicon-based field-effect transistors (FETs) have reached their scaling limits. Recently, air-stable 2D selenium nanosheet FETs with a gate length of 5 µm were experimentally produced. In this study, we used an ab initio quantum transport approach to simulate sub-5 nm gate-length double-gate monolayer (ML) selenene FETs. When considering negative-capacitance technology and underlap, we found that 3 nm gate-length p-type ML selenene FETs can meet the 2013 ITRS standards for high-performance applications along the armchair and zigzag directions in the 2028 horizon. Therefore, ML selenene has the potential to be a channel material that can scale Moore’s law down to a gate length of 3 nm.
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Shu, Yiqing, Zijun Zhong, Chunyang Ma, Penglai Guo, Leiming Wu, Zhitao Lin, Xun Yuan, Jianqing Li, Weicheng Chen, and Quanlan Xiao. "2D BP/InSe Heterostructures as a Nonlinear Optical Material for Ultrafast Photonics." Nanomaterials 12, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12111809.
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The BP/InSe heterojunction has attracted the attention of many fields in successful combined high hole mobility of black phosphorus (BP) and high electron mobility of indium selenide (InSe), and enhanced the environmental stability of BP. Nevertheless, photonics research on the BP/InSe heterostructure was insufficient, while both components are considered promising in the field. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) BP/InSe heterostructure was fabricated using the liquid-phase exfoliation method. Its linear and non-linear optical (NLO) absorption was characterized by ultraviolet−visible−infrared and Open-aperture Z-scan technology. On account of the revealed superior NLO properties, an SA based on 2D BP/InSe was prepared and embedded into an erbium-doped fiber laser, traditional soliton pulses were observed at 1.5 μm with the pulse duration of 881 fs. Furthermore, harmonic mode locking of bound solitons and dark-bright soliton pairs were also obtained in the same laser cavity due to the cross-coupling effect. The stable mode-locked operation can be maintained for several days, which overcome the low air stability of BP. This contribution further proves the excellent optical properties of 2D BP/InSe heterostructure and provides new probability of developing nano-photonics devices for the applications of double pulses laser source and long-distance information transmission.
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Kuzmichev, Victor E., Ilya V. Tislenko, and Dominique C. Adolphe. "Virtual design of knitted compression garments based on bodyscanning technology and the three-dimensional-to-two-dimensional approach." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 12 (August 21, 2018): 2456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518792722.
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The interdisciplinary approach for the design of compression garments was developed by means of establishing new databases about the elongation of knitted materials, the morphology of female bodies, and the relations between both with the pressure under the garment. We used KES-FB1 and a cylinder made of cosmetology silicone to investigate the relationship between the knitted material strain and the pressure produced. To find the factors that are responsible for comfort perception of compression garments, a sensory analysis with female participants was used to establish the pressure range that is permissible for the human body and the effect of its reshaping. The experimental data obtained was used for validating the theoretical approaches about, firstly, the transformation of a solid polygonal avatar of the scanned body to the soft one, secondly, the virtual three-dimensional (3D) creation of a compression garment in a “relaxed non-elongation state” and, thirdly, obtaining virtual two-dimensional (2D) pattern blocks. Science explorations dedicated to 3D-to-2D flattening of pattern blocks of the avatar surface and to the creation of tight-fitted garments were considered as the background of our research. Several compression garments for females with different morphological features, which were designing by means of a new 3D-to-2D method for flattening of pattern blocks and the traditional 2D “Müller and Sohn” manual, were obtained. The mean value of absolute difference between the predicted and measured pressure was improved from 33% to 14%. Thus, the developed approach based on contemporary virtual reality collection of input data allows one to predict the pressure of compression garments with higher accuracy.
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Vo, Duy Minh Phuong, Gerald Hoffmann, and Chokri Cherif. "Novel Weaving Technology for the Manufacture of 2D Net Shape Fabrics for Cost Effective Textile Reinforced Composites." Autex Research Journal 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0005.
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Abstract Despite significant weight and performance advantages over metal parts, today’s demand for fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) has been limited mainly by their huge manufacturing cost. The combination of dry textile preforms and low-cost consolidation processes such as resin transfer molding (RTM) has been appointed as a promising approach to low-cost FRPC manufacture. This paper presents an advanced weaving technique developed with the aim to establish a more cost-effective system for the manufacture of dry textile preforms for FRPC. 2D woven fabrics with integrated net shape selvedge can be obtained using the open reed weave (ORW) technology, enabling the manufacture of 2D cut patterns with firm edge, so that oversize cutting and hand trimming after molding are no longer required. The introduction of 2D woven fabrics with net shape selvedge helps to reduce material waste, cycle time and preform manufacturing cost significantly. Furthermore, higher grade of automation in preform fabrication can be achieved.
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Yue, Dewu, Ximing Rong, Shun Han, Peijiang Cao, Yuxiang Zeng, Wangying Xu, Ming Fang, Wenjun Liu, Deliang Zhu, and Youming Lu. "High Photoresponse Black Phosphorus TFTs Capping with Transparent Hexagonal Boron Nitride." Membranes 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120952.
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Black phosphorus (BP), a single elemental two-dimensional (2D) material with a sizable band gap, meets several critical material requirements in the development of future nanoelectronic applications. This work reports the ambipolar characteristics of few-layer BP, induced using 2D transparent hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) capping. The 2D h-BN capping have several advantages over conventional Al2O3 capping in flexible and transparent 2D device applications. The h-BN capping technique was used to achieve an electron mobility in the BP devices of 73 cm2V−1s−1, thereby demonstrating n-type behavior. The ambipolar BP devices exhibited ultrafast photodetector behavior with a very high photoresponsivity of 1980 mA/W over the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) spectral ranges. The h-BN capping process offers a feasible approach to fabricating n-type behavior BP semiconductors and high photoresponse BP photodetectors.
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Zhuiykov, Serge, Zhen Yin Hai, Eugene Kats, Mohammad Karbalaei Akbari, and Chen Yang Xue. "Atomic Layer Deposition of Ultra-Thin Oxide Semiconductors: Challenges and Opportunities." Key Engineering Materials 735 (May 2017): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.735.215.
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Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is an enabling technology which provides coating and material features with significant advantages compared to other existing techniques for depositing precise ultra-thin two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures. ALD provides digital thickness control to the atomic level by depositing film one atomic layer at a time, as well as pinhole-free films even across large and complex areas. The technique’s capabilities are presented on the example of ALD-developed ultra-thin 2D tungsten oxide (WO3) over the large area of standard 4” Si substrates. The discussed advantages of ALD enable and endorse the employment of this technique for the development of hetero-nanostructure 2D semiconductors with unique properties.
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Minsch, N., M. Müller, T. Gereke, A. Nocke, and C. Cherif. "Novel fully automated 3D coreless filament winding technology." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 22 (February 19, 2018): 3001–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318759743.
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Coreless filament winding technologies possess the potential to flexibly produce lightweight rigid frame structures at comparably low costs. The key to versatility, geometrical freedom and cost-effectiveness is the avoidance of core elements. Existing research on the filament winding of rigid frames focusses primarily on “isotruss” or “lattice” structures, manufactured by depositing fibers on polygon-shaped mandrels with carved-out gaps. Therefore, an investigation into the performance of coreless wound laminates and their material characteristics under process conditions is performed. Therefore, generic 2D specimens were manufactured on a new fully automated 3D winding equipment and successively exposed to incineration, micro-CT analysis and tensile testing. The benefits of core elements are evaluated by additional reference samples and opposed to coreless winding methods. The research demonstrates the potential of coreless filament winding and inductively quantifies the positive influence of fiber pretension and core/die elements on the material properties at cost of decreased versatility, costs and design degrees of freedom.
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Al-Hasan, Mountajab Al. "Combining regular solutions of the Schaefer -Ignaczak thermodynamical behaviors relating to the first plane state of elastic strain of the micropolar body subjected to temperature field." Prospects for Applied Mathematics and Data Analysis 2, no. 1 (2023): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/pamda.020103.
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The importance of results of this paper consist in supplying new analytical method for solving the Ignaczak tensorial equations, governing the thermodynamical plane state of small elastic strains of the homogeneous, isotropic, micropolar elastic solid of 5 material constants of Eringen-Nowacki type, which shortly called 2D (E-N:5) (Iron plates, copper plates, aluminum plates, .. etc.). The paper covers the mathematical model of the first plane state of small elastic strains of micropolar homogeneous and isotropic solid, of five material constants, subjected to temperature field, mathematically proposed by Eringen and Nowacki, and shortly called 2D (E-N:5). In paper, for the 2D (E-N:5) considerable body, we generalize the Schaefer vector method to: I) The Traditional Description of the 2D (E-N:5) considerable body, II) The Ignaczak Description of the 2D (E-N:5) considerable body. Subsequently, these results have important applications in material resistance, plate theory, industry ….etc.
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Ramachandran, Tholkappiyan, Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad, and Mostafa S. A. ElSayed. "Nb2CTx-Based MXenes Most Recent Developments: From Principles to New Applications." Energies 16, no. 8 (April 18, 2023): 3520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083520.
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MXenes are progressively evolving two-dimensional (2D) materials with an expanding wide range of applications in the field of energy storage. They rank among the best electrode materials for cutting-edge energy storage systems. Energy storage device performance is greatly enhanced by MXenes and their composite materials. As technology has improved over the last several decades, the demand for high-capacity energy storage devices that are versatile, sturdy, and have cheap production costs has increased. MXene, which is based on Nb2CTx, is the most current material to emerge for energy storage applications. Nb2CTx MXene is now the most sought-after material in the 2D family due to its flexibility, high conductivity, superior electrochemical nature, superior hydrophilicity, tunable surface functional groups, great mechanical properties, and 2D layered structure. Examples include gas and biosensors, water splitting, water purification, antimicrobial coatings, electromagnetic interference shielding, and transparent electrical conductors. Because of the distinctive properties of Nb2CTx MXene, scientists are working on further theoretical and experimental enhancements. The objective of this work is to deliver an outline of current breakthroughs in Nb2CTx MXene for the construction of robust, flexible, and highly effective electrochemical energy storage devices powered by supercapacitors. Deep research has been conducted on the structure of Nb2CTx MXene, as well as on different synthesis techniques and their distinctive properties. The emphasis has also been placed on how various aspects, such as electrode architecture design, electrolyte composition, and so on, influence the charge storage device and electrochemical efficiency of Nb2CTx MXene-based supercapacitors. This article also discusses the most recent advancements in Nb2CTx MXene composite-based supercapacitors.
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Yadav, Neha, and T. J. Dhilip Kumar. "Ab initio characterization of N doped T-graphene and its application as an anode material for Na ion rechargeable batteries." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 16 (2021): 4060–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00657f.
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Merk, Bruno, Anna Detkina, Seddon Atkinson, Dzianis Litskevich, and Gregory Cartland-Glover. "Innovative Investigation of Reflector Options for the Control of a Chloride-Based Molten Salt Zero-Power Reactor." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 6795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156795.
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Molten salt reactors have gained substantial interest in the last years due to their flexibility and their potential for simplified closed fuel cycle operations for massive net-zero energy production. However, a zero-power reactor experiment will be an essential first step into the process delivering this technology. The choice of the optimal reflector material is one of the key issues for such experiments since, on the one hand, it offers huge cost savings potential due to reduced fuel demand; on the other hand, an improper choice of the reflector material can have negative effects on the quality of the experiments. The choice of the reflector material is, for the first time, introduced through a literature review and a discussion of potential roles of the reflector. The 2D study of different potential reflector materials has delivered a first down-selection with SS304 as the representative for stainless steel, lead, copper, graphite, and beryllium oxide. A deeper look identified, in addition, iron-based material with a high Si content. The following evaluation of the power distribution has shown the strong influence of the moderating reflectors, creating a massively disturbed power distribution with a peak at the core boundary. This effect has been confirmed through a deeper analysis of the 2D multi-group flux distribution, which led to the exclusion of the BeO and the graphite reflector. The most promising materials identified were SS304, lead, and copper. The final 3D Monte Carlo study demonstrated that all three materials have the potential to reduce the required amount of fuel by up to 60% compared with NaCl, which has been used in previous studies and is now taken as the reference. An initial cost analysis has identified the SS304 reflector as the most attractive solution. The results of the 2D multi-group deterministic study and the 3D multi-group Monte Carlo study have been confirmed through a continuous energy Monte Carlo reference calculation, showing only minor differences.
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Jing, Lin, Li-Yin Hsiao, Shuo Li, Haitao Yang, Patricia Li Ping Ng, Meng Ding, Tien Van Truong, et al. "2D-Material-integrated hydrogels as multifunctional protective skins for soft robots." Materials Horizons 8, no. 7 (2021): 2065–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0mh01594f.
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A soft robotic skin system composed of 2D materials and hydrogel with skin-mimicking multifunctionality, including stretchability, thermoregulation, threat protection, and strain sensing, is developed.
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Li, Mai, Zhi Cheng, Jingrui Sun, Yu Tian, Jiawei He, Yutian Chen, Yang Bai, and Zhiming Liu. "Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets Based on a Schiff Base Reaction for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries Anode." Energies 16, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 1733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041733.
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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have already gained significant attention because they have satisfactory energy density and no memory effect, making them one of the most widely used energy storage systems. In commercial LIBs, graphite is widely used as an anode material due to its excellent electrical conductivity and structural stability; however, as they are limited by their restricted theoretical capacity, there is an urgent need for the development of novel anode materials for LIBs. For this purpose, we designed a nitrogen-doped two-dimensional layered porous carbon material (2D-PNC) based on a covalent organic framework (COF) generated by a Schiff base reaction as a precursor. The characterization analysis results show that 2D-PNC is made of stacked two-dimensional ultra-thin carbon sheets with a porous structure. This unique structure is beneficial for electrolyte impregnation and lithium-ion storage, resulting in excellent electrochemical performance of 2D-PNC, which shows a high specific capacity of 573 mAh g−1 after 380 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. The results show that 2D-PNC provides the possibility of a practical application of high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
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Guo, Yunfan, Yuxuan Lin, Kaichen Xie, Biao Yuan, Jiadi Zhu, Pin-Chun Shen, Ang-Yu Lu, et al. "Designing artificial two-dimensional landscapes via atomic-layer substitution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 32 (August 5, 2021): e2106124118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106124118.
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Technology advancements in history have often been propelled by material innovations. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted substantial interest as an ideal platform to construct atomic-level material architectures. In this work, we design a reaction pathway steered in a very different energy landscape, in contrast to typical thermal chemical vapor deposition method in high temperature, to enable room-temperature atomic-layer substitution (RT-ALS). First-principle calculations elucidate how the RT-ALS process is overall exothermic in energy and only has a small reaction barrier, facilitating the reaction to occur at room temperature. As a result, a variety of Janus monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides with vertical dipole could be universally realized. In particular, the RT-ALS strategy can be combined with lithography and flip-transfer to enable programmable in-plane multiheterostructures with different out-of-plane crystal symmetry and electric polarization. Various characterizations have confirmed the fidelity of the precise single atomic layer conversion. Our approach for designing an artificial 2D landscape at selective locations of a single layer of atoms can lead to unique electronic, photonic, and mechanical properties previously not found in nature. This opens a new paradigm for future material design, enabling structures and properties for unexplored territories.
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Huang, Wen, Zhendong Yang, Mark D. Kraman, Qingyi Wang, Zihao Ou, Miguel Muñoz Rojo, Ananth Saran Yalamarthy, et al. "Monolithic mtesla-level magnetic induction by self-rolled-up membrane technology." Science Advances 6, no. 3 (January 2020): eaay4508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay4508.
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Monolithic strong magnetic induction at the mtesla to tesla level provides essential functionalities to physical, chemical, and medical systems. Current design options are constrained by existing capabilities in three-dimensional (3D) structure construction, current handling, and magnetic material integration. We report here geometric transformation of large-area and relatively thick (~100 to 250 nm) 2D nanomembranes into multiturn 3D air-core microtubes by a vapor-phase self-rolled-up membrane (S-RuM) nanotechnology, combined with postrolling integration of ferrofluid magnetic materials by capillary force. Hundreds of S-RuM power inductors on sapphire are designed and tested, with maximum operating frequency exceeding 500 MHz. An inductance of 1.24 μH at 10 kHz has been achieved for a single microtube inductor, with corresponding areal and volumetric inductance densities of 3 μH/mm2 and 23 μH/mm3, respectively. The simulated intensity of the magnetic induction reaches tens of mtesla in fabricated devices at 10 MHz.
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Patel, Dinesh K., Bat-El Cohen, Lioz Etgar, and Shlomo Magdassi. "Fully 2D and 3D printed anisotropic mechanoluminescent objects and their application for energy harvesting in the dark." Materials Horizons 5, no. 4 (2018): 708–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8mh00296g.
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Ścieżyńska, Dominika, Dominika Bury, Piotr Marcinowski, Jan Bogacki, Michał Jakubczak, and Agnieszka Jastrzębska. "Two-Dimensional Nanostructures in the World of Advanced Oxidation Processes." Catalysts 12, no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12040358.
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Two-dimensional compounds with nanostructural features are attracting attention from researchers worldwide. Their multitude of applications in various fields and vast potential for future technology advancements are successively increasing the research progress. Wastewater treatment and preventing dangerous substances from entering the environment have become important aspects due to the increasing environmental awareness, and increasing consumer demands have resulted in the appearance of new, often nonbiodegradable compounds. In this review, we focus on using the most promising 2D materials, such as MXenes, Bi2WO6, and MOFs, as catalysts in the modification of the Fenton process to degrade nonbiodegradable compounds. We analyze the efficiency of the process, its toxicity, previous environmental applications, and the stability and reusability of the catalyst. We also discuss the catalyst’s mechanisms of action. Collectively, this work provides insight into the possibility of implementing 2D material-based catalysts for industrial and urban wastewater treatment.
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Ulstrup, Søren, Roland J. Koch, Simranjeet Singh, Kathleen M. McCreary, Berend T. Jonker, Jeremy T. Robinson, Chris Jozwiak, et al. "Direct observation of minibands in a twisted graphene/WS2 bilayer." Science Advances 6, no. 14 (April 2020): eaay6104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay6104.
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Stacking two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials with different interlayer atomic registry in a heterobilayer causes the formation of a long-range periodic superlattice that may bestow the heterostructure with properties such as new quantum fractal states or superconductivity. Recent optical measurements of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterobilayers have revealed the presence of hybridized interlayer electron-hole pair excitations at energies defined by the superlattice potential. The corresponding quasiparticle band structures, so-called minibands, have remained elusive, and no such features have been reported for heterobilayers composed of a TMD and another type of 2D material. We introduce a new x-ray capillary technology for performing microfocused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a spatial resolution of ~1 μm, and directly observe minibands at certain twist angles in mini Brillouin zones (mBZs). We discuss their origin in terms of initial and final state effects by analyzing their dispersion in distinct mBZs.
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Luo, Yongzhen, Xidong Ding, Tianci Chen, Guocong Lin, Tao Su, and Dihu Chen. "Imaging the Permittivity of Thin Film Materials by Using Scanning Capacitance Microscopy." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 11979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122311979.
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Recently, great advances had been made by using scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to quantify the relative permittivity of thin film materials on a nanometer scale. The imaging techniques of permittivity for thin film materials with SPM, especially for photoelectric materials, have not been fully researched until now. Here, we presented a method to image permittivity of thin film materials by using a scanning capacitance microscope (SCM). This method combined the quantitative measurement by using SCM with the capacitance gradient–distance fitting curve to obtain the two-dimensional (2D) permittivity image at room temperature under atmospheric conditions. For the demonstration, a 2D permittivity image of film of molybdenum oxide (MoO3), a kind of photoelectric material, was acquired. From the image, it could be found that the average values of permittivity of MoO3 film and of MoO3 film-doped NaCl were about 8.0 and 9.5, respectively. The experimental results were quantitatively consistent with other experimental results of the same material. The reported technique here could provide a novel method for imaging the relative permittivity with nanometer resolution and be helpful for the study of photoelectric materials.
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Karbalaei Akbari, Mohammad, Nasrin Siraj Lopa, and Serge Zhuiykov. "Atomic Layer Deposition of Ultra-Thin Crystalline Electron Channels for Heterointerface Polarization at Two-Dimensional Metal-Semiconductor Heterojunctions." Coatings 13, no. 6 (June 3, 2023): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061041.
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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has emerged as a promising technology for the development of the next generation of low-power semiconductor electronics. The wafer-scaled growth of two-dimensional (2D) crystalline nanostructures is a fundamental step toward the development of advanced nanofabrication technologies. Ga2O3 is an ultra-wide bandgap metal oxide semiconductor for application in electronic devices. The polymorphous Ga2O3 with its unique electronic characteristics and doping capabilities is a functional option for heterointerface engineering at metal-semiconductor 2D heterojunctions for application in nanofabrication technology. Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) enabled the deposition of ultra-thin nanostructures at low-growth temperatures. The present study used the PE-ALD process for the deposition of atomically thin crystalline ß-Ga2O3 films for heterointerface engineering at 2D metal-semiconductor heterojunctions. Via the control of plasma gas composition and ALD temperature, the wafer-scaled deposition of ~5.0 nm thick crystalline ß-Ga2O3 at Au/Ga2O3-TiO2 heterointerfaces was achieved. Material characterization techniques showed the effects of plasma composition and ALD temperature on the properties and structure of Ga2O3 films. The following study on the electronic characteristics of Au/Ga2O3-TiO2 2D heterojunctions confirmed the tunability of this metal/semiconductor polarized junction, which works as functional electron channel layer developed based on tunable p-n junctions at 2D metal/semiconductor interfaces.
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Huo, Ying, Yingying Liu, Mingfeng Xia, Hong Du, Zhaoyun Lin, Bin Li, and Hongbin Liu. "Nanocellulose-Based Composite Materials Used in Drug Delivery Systems." Polymers 14, no. 13 (June 29, 2022): 2648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132648.
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Nanocellulose has lately emerged as one of the most promising “green” materials due to its unique properties. Nanocellulose can be mainly divided into three types, i.e., cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and bacterial cellulose (BC). With the rapid development of technology, nanocellulose has been designed into multidimensional structures, including 1D (nanofibers, microparticles), 2D (films), and 3D (hydrogels, aerogels) materials. Due to its adaptable surface chemistry, high surface area, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, nanocellulose-based composite materials can be further transformed as drug delivery carriers. Herein, nanocellulose-based composite material used for drug delivery was reviewed. The typical drug release behaviors and the drug release mechanisms of nanocellulose-based composite materials were further summarized, and the potential application of nanocellulose-based composite materials was prospected as well.
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Rehman, Malik Abdul, Minjae Kim, Sachin A. Pawar, Sewon Park, Naila Nasir, Dong-eun Kim, Mohammad Farooq Khan, et al. "A Simple Method to Produce an Aluminum Oxide-Passivated Tungsten Diselenide/n-Type Si Heterojunction Solar Cell with High Power Conversion Efficiency." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (February 23, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8195624.
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Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials are attractive candidates for 2D solar cell devices thanks to their straightforward integration with various substrates and traditional semiconductor technologies, wide band gap ranges over the visible light spectrum, and high absorption coefficient values. Although there are several previous reports on the fabrication of 2D material-based solar cells, difficult and complex processes in the fabrication are highly required to be modified for wider use in daily life applications. Photolithography, the most commonly used manufacturing process for TMDC-based solar cells, is complicated. In this study, we demonstrate that the fabrication of 2D tungsten diselenide (WSe2) by adopting a wet transfer process with thermal release tape simplifies the manufacturing steps for TMDC-based solar cell devices. This simplification not only reduces the production cost by excluding several factors such as transmittance, thermal expansion, surface flatness, and durability but also improves the yield. Furthermore, a proof-of-concept demonstration of creating a WSe2/Si junction with an aluminum oxide (Al2O3) antireflective coating provided a power conversion efficiency of 6.39%, which is a significant improvement over that of a WSe2/Si solar cell without the antireflective coating layer (1.08%).
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Ma, Chunyang, Weichun Huang, Yunzheng Wang, Jordan Adams, Zhenhong Wang, Jun Liu, Yufeng Song, et al. "MXene saturable absorber enabled hybrid mode-locking technology: a new routine of advancing femtosecond fiber lasers performance." Nanophotonics 9, no. 8 (April 10, 2020): 2451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0527.
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Abstract MXene is a promising two-dimensional (2D) material that is widely used in electro-photonic devices due to its unique properties. In this contribution, V2CTx, a novel MXene, was employed as a saturable absorber (SA) for hybrid passively mode-locked fiber lasers. An ultra-stable and self-starting mode-locked laser system with low threshold can be achieved using V2CTx nanosheets and nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE). Signal to noise ratio increased 13 dB compared with using only NPE SA. A 72 fs pulse duration is easily achieved from this hybrid mode-locked fiber laser system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse duration generated from the Yb-doped mode-locked fiber lasers using a hybrid or 2D SAs. This study proves that MXene V2CTx nanosheets can be developed as suitable SAs and served as potential advanced ultrafast photonic devices in the future.