Journal articles: '280110 Expanding knowledge in engineering'

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Brenner, Brian. "Learning the Expanding Body of Knowledge." Leadership and Management in Engineering 6, no. 3 (July 2006): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1532-6748(2006)6:3(135).

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de la Garza, Jesus M. "Expanding the Body of Knowledge: A World View." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138, no. 2 (February 2012): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000506.

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Ye, Yunwen, Yasuhiro Yamamoto, and Kumiyo Nakakoji. "Expanding the knowing capability of software developers through knowledge collaboration." International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management 8, no. 1 (2008): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtpm.2008.016180.

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de la Garza, Jesús M. "Adapting Our Journal to a Rapidly Expanding Body of Knowledge." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138, no. 3 (March 2012): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000514.

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Shan, Hongxia. "Knowledge ‘transfer’ as sociocultural and sociomaterial practice: Immigrants expanding engineering practices in Canada." European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults 11, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.ojs1476.

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Carayol, Nicolas. "Modeling creation vs. diffusion of structured knowledge." Advances in Complex Systems 03, no. 01n04 (January 2000): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021952590000025x.

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The paper is mainly dealing with the dilemma between knowledge creation incentives and knowledge diffusion. Knowledge is modeled as a structure, which is expanding through agents' creation behaviors, and becomes "locally" available to other agents once it is disclosed. An agent taken randomly at each period of the discrete time is choosing between the acquisition of an accessible piece of knowledge and the creation of one. Knowledge value being a decreasing function of the number of agents sharing it, a higher (exogenous and tunable) rate of disclosure decreases the incentives to create (in increasing the diffusion speed). Using simulations, we show that there is, for each set of values of the different parameters, a non null optimal rate of disclosure (maximizing the collective performances of the set of agents) and discuss the effect of some of the structural parameters on it.

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Choriyevich, Yarmatov Sharofiddin. "Human Capital as an Important Factor in Shaping an Innovative Economy." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38746.

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Annotation: There is a strong correlation between human capital and economic growth. Human capital influences economic growth and helps people develop the economy by expanding their knowledge and skills. This article discusses the role of human capital in shaping the economy. Keywords: innovative economy, human capital, developing process

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Xu, Na, Bo Zhang, Tiantian Gu, Jie Li, and Li Wang. "Expanding Domain Knowledge Elements for Metro Construction Safety Risk Management Using a Co-Occurrence-Based Pathfinding Approach." Buildings 12, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101510.

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Knowledge is a contribution factor leading to more effective and efficient construction safety management. Metro construction practitioners always find it difficult to determine what specialized knowledge is needed in order to lead to better safety risk management. Currently, domain knowledge elements are generally determined by experts, which is coarse-grained and uncomprehensive. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a structure of domain knowledge elements, using an automatic approach to expand domain knowledge elements (DKEs) from a big dataset of unstructured text documents. First, the co-word co-occurrence network (CCN) was used to find the connected knowledge elements, and then the association rule mining (ARM) was compiled to prune the weakly related subnetworks, leaving the strong associated elements. Finally, a list of DKEs in the metro construction safety risk management was obtained. The result shows that the obtained DKEs are more comprehensive and valuable compared to previous studies. The proposed approach provides an automatic way to expand DKEs from a small amount of known knowledge, minimizing the expert bias. This study also contributes to building a fine-grained knowledge structure for metro construction safety risk management. The structure can be used to guide safety training and help knowledge-based safety risk management.

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MAZUREK-ŁOPACIŃSKA, Krystyna, and Magdalena SOBOCIŃSKA. "CREATING MARKETING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE CONSUMER IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET TOOLS." Applied Computer Science 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/acs-2017-24.

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The aim of the article is to present marketing knowledge about the consumer as an enterprise resource and the role of marketing research in expanding it in the context of progressive virtualization of social life and the development of Internet tools. The current article was written on the basis of an in-depth literature study and an analysis of the selected results of quantitative research conducted in 2013 on a sample of 152 enterprises.

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Kai, Chieko, and Misako Yoneda. "Henipavirus Infections - An Expanding Zoonosis from Fruit Bats." Journal of Disaster Research 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2011.p0390.

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The henipavirus genus has two members – the Hendra virus (HeV) and the Nipah virus (NiV). HeV and NiV, identified in the 1990s as a paramyxovirus, cause fatalities in humans and animals. They are now classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. HeV caused fatal respiratory infection in horses and humans in Australia in 1994, in which 2 persons died. The first-known, largest NiV outbreak occurred on theMalay Peninsula in 1998, in pigs and humans. The human fatality rate was 40%, killing 105. To cope, the Malaysian government culled over 1 million pigs at huge economic loss. The natural virus reservoir, the fruit bat (Pteropus), inhabits areas from Australia, through South Asia to Africa. InMalaysia, NiV to humans was through pigs, and the reemergence has never observed after that. However, sporadic outbreaks of NiV are continuously occurring in Bangladesh and India, in some of which epidemics human mortality exceeds 75%. The transmission is directly from fruit bats to humans, and even human-to-human transmissions are found. To prevent the outbreaks, it is important to have an intense monitoring for these diseases, to accumulate basic knowledge about the viruses and the diseases, and to develop effective vaccines.

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Rao, Yongsheng, Lanxing Xie, Hao Guan, Jing Li, and Qixin Zhou. "A Method for Expanding Predicates and Rules in Automated Geometry Reasoning System." Mathematics 10, no. 7 (April 4, 2022): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10071177.

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Predicates and rules are usually enclosed as built-in functions in automated geometry reasoning systems, meaning users cannot add any predicate or rule, thus resulting in a limited reasoning capability of the systems. A method for expanding predicates and rules in automated geometry reasoning systems is, thus, proposed. Specifically, predicate and rule descriptions are transformed to knowledge trees and forests based on formal representations of geometric knowledge, and executable codes are dynamically and automatically generated by using “code templates”. Thus, a transformation from controlled natural language descriptions to mechanization algorithms is completed, and finally, the dynamic expansion of predicates and rules in the reasoning system is achieved. Moreover, the method has been implemented in an automated geometry reasoning system for Chinese college entrance examination questions, and the practicality and effectiveness of the method were tested. In conclusion, the enclosed setting, which is a shortcoming of traditional reasoning systems, is avoided, the user-defined dynamic expansion of predicates and rules is realized, the application scope of the reasoning system is extended, and the reasoning capability is improved.

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Noor, Ahmed. "Re-Engineering Healthcare." Mechanical Engineering 129, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2007-nov-1.

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This article reviews a system that is in need of repair in the United States, and engineers are uniquely equipped to help fix it. Although the expenditure per capita on healthcare in the United States is higher than in any other country, the current US healthcare system cannot be sustained, and major improvements are needed. Lives unnecessarily lost each year in the United States due to medical errors are estimated to be as high as 98,000 and injuries over a million. The healthcare system is currently facing many problems and challenges, including rapid changes in medical technology and practice, severe shortages in skilled healthcare workers, and an aging population with increased incidence of disease and disability. The cyber infrastructure will facilitate technology-based, distributed delivery of health services, as well as training and lifelong learning for healthcare workers. It can evolve into an electronic care continuum with pervasive access to global, accurate, and timely medical knowledge for individuals about their health needs in an era of rapid change and expanding knowledge.

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Santhi, K. R., P. M. Rubesh Anand, and G. Senthil Kumaran. "Broadband Cordect: Technology for Building Knowledge Societies." Advanced Materials Research 18-19 (June 2007): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.18-19.125.

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The Internet has emerged in the last few years, not just as another communication means, but as sheer power and access to it provides access to a lot of information. Lack of access to internet will bring strong digital divide between rich and poor countries and also brings strong divide within the rural and urban communities of a country which in turn will affect the socio- economic development of a country. So there is a need for low-cost information technologies that are suitable to the conditions prevailing in a developing or third world country. Broadband CorDECT is one of the cost-effective fixed wireless broadband Access Solutions used for networking and building knowledge societies in a developing country. It is based on the DECT standard specification from the ETSI. It provides a complete wireless access solution for new and expanding telecommunication networks with seamless integration of both voice and internet services. It has been designed and specified to inter-work with many other types of network, such as the PSTN, ISDN, GSM and more. Broadband CorDECT provides the basic telecommunications as well as broadband Internet services and thus bridges the digital divide and such a service cannot be provided by any other product today in the world even double the cost. This paper discusses the relevance of broadband CorDECT in the context of current trends and provides a description of the technology.

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Finnegan, Lisa A., and Lisa A. Dieker. "Universal design for learning-representation and science content: a pathway to expanding knowledge, understanding, and written explanations." Science Activities 56, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00368121.2019.1638745.

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Gebashe, Fikisiwe C., Devashan Naidoo, Stephen O. Amoo, and Nqobile A. Masondo. "Cosmeceuticals: A Newly Expanding Industry in South Africa." Cosmetics 9, no. 4 (July 26, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics9040077.

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Africa is counted amongst the cosmetic market contributors; however, South Africa’s remarkable plant diversity is still largely untapped in terms of its potential for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Thus, we aim to provide a critical assessment of the advancements made in South African cosmeceuticals with emphasis towards online local companies/brands that are manufactured by small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs). For the current study, we limited our search of herbal cosmeceutical products to SMMEs with online websites, or products traded in other online cosmetic directories such as ‘Faithful to Nature’ and ‘African Botanicals’ using a simple Google search. We recorded more than 50 South African SMME companies/brands involved in the trade of cosmeceuticals. Skin and hair care were the major product categories widely traded in these online platforms. Furthermore, few patents were recorded from South African researchers and institutions thereof, which is quite alarming considering the extensive research that has been undertaken to study these commercially valuable plants. Based on the increasing number of new products and the wide pool of economically important plants coupled to their associated rich indigenous knowledge systems, the cosmeceutical sector can contribute to the economy, job creation, entrepreneurship skills, socio-economic development and intellectual property generation.

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Strauss, Wolfgang, and Monika Fleischmann. "Artistic Practice as Construction and Cultivation of Knowledge Space." Leonardo 37, no. 2 (April 2004): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0024094041139229.

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This article presents the netzspannung.org Internet platform, a media laboratory on the Internet that not only collects high-quality information on digital culture and media production but also interlinks this information, contextualizes it and makes it available on-line as a constantly expanding knowledge space that, like a library, can be explored by the public as an interactive installation and an educational space. In the broadest sense, the aim of this project is to visualize and semantically network information to create “knowledge spaces” that can be explored interactively and in real time and that are accessible to the user through play. Technologies, online tools and intuitive interfaces are being developed that support communication between the digital and physical spaces and investigate new forms of knowledge acquisition as “knowledge-based arts.”

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McGill, Craig M., Wendy Schindler, Keira Solon, Sean T. Bridgen, and Sarah A. Mathews. "An Exploration of Graduate Education in Academic Advising: A Case Study Analysis." NACADA Journal 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/nacada-22-05.

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As a field's literature base deepens, an academic discipline can emerge and lead to the development of a profession. For an academic discipline to thrive, new scholars must be trained in its specialized knowledge. Kansas State University was the first institution to offer graduate programs in academic advising. Subsequently, other graduate programs have been developed at various institutions across North America. The purpose of this collective case study is to examine graduate education in academic advising through two separate but related cases: an interview study of NACADA leaders and a content analysis of graduate programs in academic advising. The growth in graduate programs, along with the expanding knowledge base, will strengthen academic advising's potential as a bonified, recognized academic discipline.

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Nguyen, Long H. B., Viet H. Pham, and Dien Dinh. "Improving Neural Machine Translation with AMR Semantic Graphs." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 8, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9939389.

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The Seq2Seq model and its variants (ConvSeq2Seq and Transformer) emerge as a promising novel solution to the machine translation problem. However, these models only focus on exploiting knowledge from bilingual sentences without paying much attention to utilizing external linguistic knowledge sources such as semantic representations. Not only do semantic representations can help preserve meaning but they also minimize the data sparsity problem. However, to date, semantic information remains rarely integrated into machine translation models. In this study, we examine the effect of abstract meaning representation (AMR) semantic graphs in different machine translation models. Experimental results on the IWSLT15 English-Vietnamese dataset have proven the efficiency of the proposed model, expanding the use of external language knowledge sources to significantly improve the performance of machine translation models, especially in the application of low-resource language pairs.

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Khatua, Somanjana, Swarnendu Chandra, and Krishnendu Acharya. "Expanding knowledge on Russula alatoreticula, a novel mushroom from tribal cuisine, with chemical and pharmaceutical relevance." Cytotechnology 71, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10616-018-0280-y.

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Sobaih, Abu Elnasr E., and Ibrahim A. Elshaer. "Risk-Taking, Financial Knowledge, and Risky Investment Intention: Expanding Theory of Planned Behavior Using a Moderating-Mediating Model." Mathematics 11, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11020453.

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This research examines the impact of financial knowledge on risky investment intention via the lens of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The research developed a comprehensive model to test the mediation effect of the three TPB antecedents on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. The research investigates the moderating effect of risk-taking on the link between three TPB constructs and risky investment intention. For these purposes, we used a pre-tested survey, was directed to senior university students in public universities in Saudi Arabia. The findings of SmartPLS showed a significant positive influence of financial knowledge on attitudes towards risky investment, subjective norms (SNs), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). Both SNs and PBC have a significant positive influence on risky investment intention. Nonetheless, the personal attitude of students failed to have a significant direct or mediating influence on risky investment intention. Additionally, risk-taking did not have a moderating effect on the link between personal attitude and risky investment intention. Students belong to a risk-adverse culture, which could justify the insignificant impact of their personal attitudes on risky investment intention. On the other side, SNs and PBC have a mediating effect on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. Risk-taking has a moderating effect on the link between SNs, PBC, and risky investment intention. The research extends the use of TPB by validating its assumptions about driving the investment intention of university graduates.

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Griffith, Daniel A. "Articulating Spatial Statistics and Spatial Optimization Relationships: Expanding the Relevance of Statistics." Stats 4, no. 4 (October 19, 2021): 850–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats4040050.

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Both historically and in terms of practiced academic organization, the anticipation should be that a flourishing synergistic interface exists between statistics and operations research in general, and between spatial statistics/econometrics and spatial optimization in particular. Unfortunately, for the most part, this expectation is false. The purpose of this paper is to address this existential missing link by focusing on the beneficial contributions of spatial statistics to spatial optimization, via spatial autocorrelation (i.e., dis/similar attribute values tend to cluster together on a map), in order to encourage considerably more future collaboration and interaction between contributors to their two parent bodies of knowledge. The key basic statistical concept in this pursuit is the median in its bivariate form, with special reference to the global and to sets of regional spatial medians. One-dimensional examples illustrate situations that the narrative then extends to two-dimensional illustrations, which, in turn, connects these treatments to the spatial statistics centrography theme. Because of computational time constraints (reported results include some for timing experiments), the summarized analysis restricts attention to problems involving one global and two or three regional spatial medians. The fundamental and foundational spatial, statistical, conceptual tool employed here is spatial autocorrelation: geographically informed sampling designs—which acknowledge a non-random mixture of geographic demand weight values that manifests itself as local, homogeneous, spatial clusters of these values—can help spatial optimization techniques determine the spatial optima, at least for location-allocation problems. A valuable discovery by this study is that existing but ignored spatial autocorrelation latent in georeferenced demand point weights undermines spatial optimization algorithms. All in all, this paper should help initiate a dissipation of the existing isolation between statistics and operations research, hopefully inspiring substantially more collaborative work by their professionals in the future.

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Batalha, Laís S., Pedro Marcus P. Vidigal, Marco Túllio P. Gontijo, and Monique R. Eller. "Expanding the genomes insight of Streptococcus thermophilus phages through a multifaceted approach." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 10 (July 30, 2022): e273111032693. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32693.

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Viruses have complex evolutionary relationships, and several strategies have been used in an attempt to classify the phages that infect S. thermophilus. In this study, we used a wide range of complementary methods, including comparative genomics, core genome analysis, and signature genes phylogenetics, to show that the S. thermophilus phages are organized into 142 species and five genera (three of them new) and that due to their genetic diversity, the classification at family level varies according to the classification criteria used. No significantly conserved genes were identified among the 183 genomes evaluated. However, the genes encoding holin protein were conserved in more than 95% of genomes. The holins analysis suggests that at least two α-helix are required for protein function within S. thermophilus phages. This study expanded the of knowledge about the genetic diversity and evolution of streptococcal phages, both fundamental to promoting control strategies and minimizing failures in milk fermentation processes.

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Loewy, Joanne V., and Ralph Spintge. "Music and Medicine in the Age of Singularity and Intuitivity." Music and Medicine 10, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v10i1.599.

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Artificial Intelligence has been gaining momentum, causing a significant stir in our expanding world of global technology. The accelerated rate of growth in the engineering of knowledge cannot be denied, and has resulted in division amongst scientists, bio-engineers and industry developers for a variety reasons...

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Mantulenko, V. V., and D. V. Aleshkova. "ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN RUSSIA." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 7, no. 201 (July 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-7-201-43-48.

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The article investigates the economic aspects of the functioning and development of engineering education in Russia. The relevance of this issue is determined by the active innovative development of our society, in accordance with global trends, as well as the requirements for graduates of engineering specialties. Innovative development is impossible without modernization of engineering education as one of the main components of innovation processes. All this has a significant impact on the economic development of the country and its position on the world market. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to study functioning conditions of engineering education in Russia. The analysis has shown the relevance of a comprehensive study of the engineering education development, which is confirmed by the geography of scientific publications. In the course of the study, the authors identified the following development areas of engineering education in Russia: using the knowledge and experience of the old school personnel to update educational programs, expanding the area of interests of engineering education in the country, focusing on retaining scientific and practical personnel in the country and, as a result, forming a personnel reserve, expanding student exchange programs and using existing laboratories and centers to exchange experience and use it in practical tasks to improve the quality of the educational process.

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Thormann, Verena, Laura V. Glaser, Maika C. Rothkegel, Marina Borschiwer, Melissa Bothe, Alisa Fuchs, and Sebastiaan H. Meijsing. "Expanding the repertoire of glucocorticoid receptor target genes by engineering genomic response elements." Life Science Alliance 2, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): e201800283. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.201800283.

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The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a hormone-activated transcription factor, binds to a myriad of genomic binding sites yet seems to regulate a much smaller number of genes. Genome-wide analysis of GR binding and gene regulation has shown that the likelihood of GR-dependent regulation increases with decreased distance of its binding to the transcriptional start site of a gene. To test if we can adopt this knowledge to expand the repertoire of GR target genes, we used CRISPR/Cas-mediated homology-directed repair to add a single GR-binding site directly upstream of the transcriptional start site of each of four genes. To our surprise, we found that the addition of a single GR-binding site can be enough to convert a gene into a GR target. The gain of GR-dependent regulation was observed for two of four genes analyzed and coincided with acquired GR binding at the introduced binding site. However, the gene-specific gain of GR-dependent regulation could not be explained by obvious differences in chromatin accessibility between converted genes and their non-converted counterparts. Furthermore, by introducing GR-binding sequences with different nucleotide compositions, we show that activation can be facilitated by distinct sequences without obvious differences in activity between the GR-binding sequence variants we tested. The approach to use genome engineering to build genomic response elements facilitates the generation of cell lines with tailored repertoires of GR-responsive genes and a framework to test and refine our understanding of the cis-regulatory logic of gene regulation by testing if engineered response elements behave as predicted.

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Cui, Wei, Bao Gang Zhao, Yang Liu, Si Yu Qian, Jia Ye, Hai Feng Yang, and Ya Jun Li. "A Research of CIM Model in Education Fields." Advanced Materials Research 267 (June 2011): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.267.64.

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This article has been supported by Chinese National Natural Science Fund in 2010, “Strategy research of using supply chain partner’s knowledge in enterprise knowledge creation process”, Project approving code: 71072124. It was also supported by Fund of Liaoning Province reform of higher education "Research of service outsourcing personnel training mode" in 2007, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of ways expanding Dalian outsourcing service industry market" in 2008, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of Dalian comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2009, Fund of Chongqing Electric Power Corporation "Research of Chongqing comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2008 and Project of Dalian Maritime University reform of graduate education and teaching “Construction of teaching content system of Management Science and Engineering based on the platform of motion and internet of things ” in 2010.

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Mackinnon, Lee. "Toward an Algorithmic Realism: The Evolving Nature of Astronomical Knowledge in Representations of the Non-Visible." Leonardo 47, no. 3 (June 2014): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00764.

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This paper explores the gathering of radio, optical and electromagnetic wavelength data in assembling images of the Crab Nebula (1844–2000). The author considers the expanding fields of astronomical and astrophysical knowledge to which such data analysis has given rise. She suggests that the data that makes such imaging possible moves us further from conventions of the optical real toward an algorithmic realism, alluding to time-scales that delimit and circumvent human time. Thus Cartesian metaphysics is displaced—the human becomes one agent among many in a process of algorithmic inference.

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Gong, Lejun, Ronggen Yang, and Xiao Sun. "BRES: EXTRACTING MULTICLASS BIOMEDICAL RELATIONS WITH SEMANTIC NETWORK." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 25, no. 01 (February 2013): 1350009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237213500099.

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With an overwhelming amount of published biomedical research, the underlying biomedical knowledge is expanding at an exponential rate. This expansion makes it very difficult to find interested genetics knowledge. And therefore, there is an urgent need for developing text mining approaches to discover new knowledge from publications. This paper presents a text mining approach for multiclass biomedical relations based on predicate argument structure (PAS) and shallow parsing. The approach can mine explicit biomedical relations with semantic enrichment, and visualize relations with semantic network. It first identifies noun phrases based on shallow parsing, and then filters arguments from noun phrases via biomedical ontology dictionary. We have implemented BRES, a text mining system, based on our proposed approach. Our results obtained 67.7% F-measure, 62.5% precision and 73.8% recall for the test dataset. This also shows our proposed approach is promising for developing biomedical text mining technology. Highlights: • Mining multiclass biomedical relations; • Representing biomedical relations with semantic enrichment; • Visualizing relations by semantic network; • Extracting direct and indirect biomedical relations.

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Gerstorfer, Gregor, Alexander Lepschi, Jürgen Miethlinger, and Bernhard G. Zagar. "An optical system for measuring the residence time distribution in co-rotating twin-screw extruders." Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, no. 8 (November 1, 2013): 683–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0051.

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Abstract Expanding the general knowledge of the extrusion process in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder requires several parameters to be determined, among them the residence time distribution (RTD). This contribution introduces an optical measurement setup for acquiring the residence time density and distribution function. Based on our measurement results, we derive the influence of the rotational speed of the screws, mass flow rate and of different types of screw configurations on residence time.

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Szykman, Simon, Ram D. Sriram, and William C. Regli. "The Role of Knowledge in Next-generation Product Development Systems." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2000): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1344238.

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Information technology has played an increasingly important role in engineering product development. Its influence over the past decade has been accelerating and its impact in the coming decade will undoubtedly be immense. This paper surveys several research areas relating to knowledge representation, capture and retrieval, which will have a growing influence on product development. Each of these areas could, on its own, provide sufficient material for an entire survey paper. Unlike traditional survey papers, this paper does not attempt to provide a comprehensive review of a field of research from its inception to the present. Rather, this paper aims to touch on a representative selection of recent developments in these influential technical areas. The paper provides perspectives into the kinds of technologies that are emerging from rapidly expanding fields of research, and discusses challenges that must be overcome to enable transition of these technologies into industry practice to support the next generation of product development software tools.

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Pandit, Upendra K. "Biomolecular approach to the design of potential drugs." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 12 (January 1, 2007): 2119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779122119.

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The approach to drug design on the basis of molecular-level information on biological processes is being driven by the expanding knowledge of the details of molecular events in biological systems. We have directed attention to the design of potentially active compounds based on the aforementioned "biomolecular" concepts. Selected examples from our studies are discussed. This paper presents three case studies of approaches to the development of potential medicinal agents whose design has evolved from considerations of molecular mechanisms of processes in selected biological systems.

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Daghfous, Abdelkader, and Norita Ahmad. "User development through proactive knowledge transfer." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2014-0202.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the concept of user development which consists of proactively transferring knowledge to potential users of IT innovations in order to increase the likelihood of innovation adoption and diffusion. Design/methodology/approach – An exploratory approach was adopted using three case organizations representing different sectors. These organizations represent the public, the semi-government, and the private sectors. Findings – The findings show that proactive knowledge transfer builds the requisite absorptive capacity of users to understand, adopt new and complex systems and technologies, and effectively integrate them into their organizations, hence increasing their likelihood of adopting such innovations. The findings also show that effective user development hinges on proper selection of potential users and on goals alignment between the innovating firm and the selected users. Research limitations/implications – The framework could be further refined through more diverse case studies from a broader range of companies. Survey-based investigations are also needed to operationalize the constructs and explore its effects on the performance of the innovating firm. In practice, innovation managers should be more proactive by recognizing the value of knowledge transfer when it comes to expanding and accelerating the adoption and diffusion of their innovations. Originality/value – This paper illustrates the importance of proactive knowledge transfer, especially in situation that call for absorptive capacity building. This paper also opens new opportunities for innovation managers to sell their innovations faster and to a wider market, and perhaps even altering the trajectory of particular innovations.

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Xu, Xiaoyun, Jingzheng Wu, Mutian Yang, Tianyue Luo, Qianru Meng, Weiheng Li, and Yanjun Wu. "AI-CTO: Knowledge graph for automated and dependable software stack solution." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 799–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200899.

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As the scale of software systems continues expanding, software architecture is receiving more and more attention as the blueprint for the complex software system. An outstanding architecture requires a lot of professional experience and expertise. In current practice, architects try to find solutions manually, which is time-consuming and error-prone because of the knowledge barrier between newcomers and experienced architects. The problem can be solved by easing the process of apply experience from prominent architects. To this end, this paper proposes a novel graph-embedding-based method, AI-CTO, to automatically suggest software stack solutions according to the knowledge and experience of prominent architects. Firstly, AI-CTO converts existing industry experience to knowledge, i.e., knowledge graph. Secondly, the knowledge graph is embedded in a low-dimensional vector space. Then, the entity vectors are used to predict valuable software stack solutions by an SVM model. We evaluate AI-CTO with two case studies and compare its solutions with the software stacks of large companies. The experiment results show that AI-CTO can find effective and correct stack solutions and it outperforms other baseline methods.

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Young, J. Francis. "Research on Cement-Based Materials: Expanding Our Horizons." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 3 (March 1993): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400043876.

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Concrete is the most widely used man-made product; in the United States we use about two tons per year per person. It has been estimated that the replacement value of concrete structures is over six trillion dollars, and that over one trillion dollars needs to be spent in the repair and rehabilitation of these structures over a 20-year period. By contrast, the resources devoted to the materials issues of the industry have been meager. This neglect may in part explain why the development of the science of cementitious materials had lagged behind that of other materials. The situation has been changing rapidly in recent years, however, and the articles in this issue have been selected to illustrate some of the advances that are being made.One key to the resurgence in research in cement-based materials is the realization of the pressing need to upgrade our deteriorating infrastructure. Another is the realization that a materials science and engineering approach is needed to provide a solid knowledge base to underpin new technologies. Chemistry took us a long way in the 1950s and 1960s, but an appreciation of how chemistry and processing could combine to create desirable micro-structures that would achieve desirable bulk properties came much later. It is significant that, with the noticeable exception of the Pennsylvania State University, cement research in universities in the United States previously was funded through civil engineering departments. Similarly, in Europe and Japan, research was conducted primarily in engineering faculties, although there were programs in a few chemistry departments. Now, however, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, research groups are well established in materials science departments. It is noteworthy that on an NSF Science and Technology Center devoted to advanced cement-based materials is funded through the Division of Materials Research.

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Bourkoukou, Outmane, Essaid El Bachari, and Mohamed Lachgar. "Recommendation method based on learner profile and demonstrated knowledge." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1634-1642.

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The COVID-19 <span>pandemic is increasingly gaining popularity when discussing e-learning in the context of institutional and organizational learning because of its numerous benefits which make it possible for learners to learn regardless of the circumstances and/or the timing. Therefore, the expanding dominion of online learning has caused problem in terms of determining adequate learning activities for the learner in this context, and it relatively becomes a widely used learning technique for learners. Several studies in online learning focused mainly on increasing student achievements based on recommendation systems. An ideal recommender system in e-learning environment should be built with both accurate and pedagogical goals. To address this challenge, we propose a recommendation method based on learner preferences and knowledge level using machine learning technique. The learning approach is designed based on this technology to build a personalized e-learning scenario by selecting the most adequate learning activities for the learner. Moreover, several experiences were conducted in the real environment to evaluate our system. The results show the quality of learning and the learner's satisfaction.</span>

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de la Hoz, Marina Casanoves, Anna Solé-Llussà, Juan Haro, Niklas Gericke, and Cristina Valls. "Student Primary Teachers’ Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Biotechnology—Are They Prepared to Teach Biotechnological Literacy?" Journal of Science Education and Technology 31, no. 2 (November 12, 2021): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10956-021-09942-z.

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AbstractThe speed of development of biotechnology within agriculture, industry, and medicine has changed our lives, and we need a biotechnological literacy to understand it. This implies that teachers in primary schools need to be biotechnologically literate in order to educate future generations. The aim of this study was to investigate Swedish pre-service primary school teachers’ knowledge of and attitudes towards biotechnology and contextualize the results by comparing them with a corresponding group of Spanish teachers. Data was collected using the established questionnaire instrument Biotech XXI and analyzed statistically. The findings demonstrate that Swedish pre-service primary school teachers have knowledge gaps relating to the basic genetic concepts that underpin biotechnology, although they are aware of biotechnological applications. Their attitudes are quite positive towards biotechnological applications in health, but less so to buying and using genetically modified products. Higher levels of knowledge were correlated with more positive attitudes, indicating an attitudinal basis for expanding the knowledge of and teaching practices for biotechnology among primary teachers. The level of knowledge and attitudes in the Swedish sample were similar to those of the Spanish teachers, suggesting a similar situation may be prevalent in many countries. The results indicate a need to reconsider the science curricula within pre-service primary school teacher training programs in order to better prepare primary teachers for teaching biotechnological literacy.

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Van Wassenbergh, Sam, and Peter Aerts. "Aquatic suction feeding dynamics: insights from computational modelling." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 31 (September 9, 2008): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0311.

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Aquatic suction feeding in vertebrates involves extremely unsteady flow, externally as well as internally of the expanding mouth cavity. Consequently, studying the hydrodynamics involved in this process is a challenging research area, where experimental studies and mathematical models gradually aid our understanding of how suction feeding works mechanically. Especially for flow patterns inside the mouth cavity, our current knowledge is almost entirely based on modelling studies. In the present paper, we critically discuss some of the assumptions and limitations of previous analytical models of suction feeding using computational fluid dynamics.

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Picone, Antonio, Maurizio Volpe, and Antonio Messineo. "Process Water Recirculation during Hydrothermal Carbonization of Waste Biomass: Current Knowledge and Challenges." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102962.

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is considered as an efficient and constantly expanding eco-friendly methodology for thermochemical processing of high moisture waste biomass into solid biofuels and valuable carbonaceous materials. However, during HTC, a considerable amount of organics, initially present in the feedstock, are found in the process water (PW). PW recirculation is attracting an increasing interest in the hydrothermal process field as it offers the potential to increase the carbon recovery yield while increasing hydrochar energy density. PW recirculation can be considered as a viable method for the valorization and reuse of the HTC aqueous phase, both by reducing the amount of additional water used for the process and maximizing energy recovery from the HTC liquid residual fraction. In this work, the effects of PW recirculation, for different starting waste biomasses, on the properties of hydrochars and liquid phase products are reviewed. The mechanism of production and evolution of hydrochar during recirculation steps are discussed, highlighting the possible pathways which could enhance energy and carbon recovery. Challenges of PW recirculation are presented and research opportunities proposed, showing how PW recirculation could increase the economic viability of the process while contributing in mitigating environmental impacts.

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Čučaković, Aleksandar, and Biljana Jović. "Constructive geometry education by contemporary technologies." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 3, no. 3 (2011): 164–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1102164c.

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Contemporary technological development (CAD/CAM/CAE, VR, AR, MR) made conventional methods of Descriptive and Constructive Geometry uncompleted. Application and use of new technologies in Constructive geometry requires educational process with the aim to have complete knowledge of all fields that belong to this area. The aspect and results research shows that knowledge acquired in this way by using new technology, develops students' skills that are very important in senior years of studies, particularly in the field of engineering design. Interactive dynamic 3D geometry could not be achieved by conventional ways of studying. The use of modern technology should enable expanding the fields of research as well as preservation of the theoretical knowledge of descriptive geometry.

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Bowyer, E. C., V. Stephenson, W. Hawkins, and T. Ibell. "New Angles for Adaptive Building Reuse Research." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012022.

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Abstract This paper seeks to establish the current state of research into adaptive building reuse with the view to highlighting new approaches and opportunities for expanding the collective knowledge on this subject. This approach focuses on appraisal and evaluation of current methods by looking through a structural engineering lens and considering the most beneficial options in terms of reducing additional embodied carbon intensity in our built environment.

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Ignatova, Nina Yu. "«Kaleidoscope» of feminist epistemologies." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 2 (2022): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2022-2-197-207.

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The paper explores the ideas of feminist epistemologies in the 21st century: skepticism about objectivity, intersectional approach, epistemic injustice, etc. The author investigates the concepts of a hermeneutic gap, gaslighting and meta-ignorance, and gives the implications of these terms in higher education. The term «feminist epistemologies» is used in the paper in the plural since the attempts of oppressed groups to return the value of their own experience cannot be manifested in the existence of the only one universal epistemology. Rethinking the concepts of «knowledge», «knowing» with regard to women, disabled people, representatives of different races, sexual minorities becomes the core for the development of trans-epistemology, queer-epistemology, creep-epistemology, epistemology of resistance, epistemology of ignorance, etc. A particular contribution of feminist epistemologies is the attention to values and vested interests of privileged and oppressed groups in the sphere of knowledge production, which allows expanding the use of the concepts of epistemic injustice, epistemic advantage, and epistemic ignorance. The author raises a question: if power can lead to epistemic ignorance, while oppression, in turn — to epistemological advantage, does it mean that knowers from marginalized groups have the most complete knowledge? While there are many different research positions, none of the feminist epistemologies puts forward such a simplistic understanding of the connection between power and knowledge. The author argues that the relationship between knowledge and power cannot be described in such a way that the value of one’s knowledge will increase while the power of oppressed groups will decrease. The study shows that feminist epistemologies are a «kaleidoscope» of alternative or «marginal» epistemologies.

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Yu, Dejian, and Yitong Chen. "Dynamic structure and knowledge diffusion trajectory research in green supply chain." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 4979–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-201720.

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Green supply chain (GSC) practice can help enterprises expand the market share, enhance competitive advantage, achieve the sustainable development and maintain the balance among economic, social and environmental benefits. Based on these advantages, the amount of literatures in this field is gradually expanding especially in recent years. This paper combines the bibliometric and main path analysis (MPA) method to introduce the current status and development trend, and explore the dynamic evolution of knowledge and main research topics of this domain. The main results are as follows: (1) Sarkis J is the most prolific author and Hong Kong Polytechnic University is the most productive institution of this field. (2) Articles on main path mainly focus on the application of GSC in various industries and can be divided into two categories based on the research content, including the evaluation and selection of green practices and green supplier, as well as the identification and evaluation of obstacles and drivers in green supply chain management (GSCM) practices. Moreover, the topics of theoretical innovation of evaluation method, evaluation of entire supply chain performance and circular economy (CE) based on the triple bottom line maybe the possible research direction for scholars. In general, this article not only provides a comprehensive and systematic longitudinal bibliometric overview but also presents the trajectory of knowledge diffusion of GSC domain.

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Vizgin, Vladimir. "The Expanding Universe: at the Crossroads of Historical and Scientific Concepts (to the 100th Anniversary of the Discovery of A. A. Fridman)." Science Management: Theory and Practice 4, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2022.4.2.19.

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The article is devoted to the centenary of a discovery by A. A. Fridman of the expanding Universe theory, which was rightly assessed by the scientific community as a scientific and universal feat. This discovery and its perception by the scientific community are considered in the article on the basis of various historiographic concepts: traditional scientific and scientificbiographical approaches, the epistemology of virtues, mistakability concept of the development of scientific knowledge, etc. These considerations all made it possible to betterunderstand the triumph and tragedy of the great discovery.

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Zhang, Jinghua. "A Three-Dimensional Case System Model for Programming Course." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 6, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v6i8.4277.

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This research aims to construct a case resource library for programming course, which can be used for either teachers’ teaching or students’ learning. The cases cannot be simply piled up but rather require a systematic planning. The solution to this is to design a case system model. The outcome-based education (OBE) concept is adopted to guide the research, and a three-dimensional case system model matching the course objectives is designed. Under the guidance of the model, the case resource library construction is more planned. Cases based on the model can provide all-round support for the cultivation of students’ ability by gradually promoting knowledge and technology, frequently exercising one’s abilities, as well as expanding diverse and innovative problems.

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Mittelstadt, Daniel, Robert Paasch, and Bruce D’Ambrosio. "Application of a Bayesian network to integrated circuit tester diagnosis." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 9, no. 1 (January 1995): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002080.

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AbstractResearch efforts to implement a Bayesian belief-network-based expert system to solve a real-world diagnostic problem – the diagnosis of integrated circuit (IC) testing machines – are described. The development of several models of the IC tester diagnostic problem in belief networks also is described, the implementation of one of these models using symbolic probabilistic inference (SPI) is outlined, and the difficulties and advantages encountered are discussed. It was observed that modeling with interdependencies in belief networks simplifies the knowledge engineering task for the IC tester diagnosis problem, by avoiding procedural knowledge and focusing on the diagnostic component’s interdependencies. Several general model frameworks evolved through knowledge engineering to capture diagnostic expertise that facilitated expanding and modifying the networks. However, model implementation was restricted to a small portion of the modeling, that of contact resistance failures, which were due to time limitations and inefficiencies in the prototype inference software we used. Further research is recommended to refine existing methods, in order to speed evaluation of the models created in this research. With this accomplished, a more complete diagnosis can be achieved.

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KOGUT, PAUL, STEPHEN CRANEFIELD, LEWIS HART, MARK DUTRA, KENNETH BACLAWSKI, MIECZYSLAW KOKAR, and JEFFREY SMITH. "UML for ontology development." Knowledge Engineering Review 17, no. 1 (March 2002): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888902000358.

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Ontologies are becoming increasingly important because they provide the critical semantic foundation for many rapidly expanding technologies such as software agents, e-commerce and knowledge management (McGuinness, 2002). The Unified Modelling Language (UML)1 has been widely adopted by the software engineering community and its scope is broadening to include more diverse modelling tasks. This paper discusses the recent convergence of UML and ontologies and suggests some possible future directions.

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Li, Zhi Hao. "The Research and Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Intelligent Robot." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.763.

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The research and application of artificial intelligence has a very wide range in intelligent robot field. Intelligent robot can not only make use of artificial intelligence gain access to external data, information, (such as stereo vision system, face recognition and tracking, etc.), and then deal with it so as to exactly describe external environment, and complete a task independently, owing the ability of learning knowledge, but also have self-many kinds of artificial intelligence like judgment and decision making, processing capacity and so on. It can make corresponding decision according to environmental changes. Its application range is expanding. In deep sea exploration, star exploration, mineral exploration, heavy pollution, domestic service, entertainment clubs, health care and so on, the figure of intelligent robots artificial intelligence application can all be seen.

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Guan, Allen Lim Chong, Goi Chai Lee, and Peter Dell. "Increasing the Adoption of Canadian Retail Businesses’ Websites: Canadian Young Generation Consumers' Enticement." Global Disclosure of Economics and Business 10, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/gdeb.v10i1.596.

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This research contributes significantly to academic and practitioner knowledge in the areas of young generation customers' enticement for expanding the adoption of small companies and internet commerce. This is the first time that a study has been done especially on the behavioral usage of Canadian Young consumers' websites by Canadian retail businesses. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of how the Canadian Young Generation engages with retail firms' websites. The research model for this study is an adaptation of the UTAUT2 paradigm. It reaffirms the literature review's usage of the modified UTAUT2 model to describe this research. This research aims to fill a need in the existing knowledge about the Canadian Young Generation's use of retail firms' websites. It is critical that additional steps to protect security and privacy, as well as to create trust, be implemented to improve the Young Generation's confidence in the retail websites of small Canadian firms. Internet costs remain high in Canada, and it is proposed that the Canadian federal government provide additional licenses to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in order to increase competition among ISPs and therefore decrease Internet charges. Key Words: , , ,

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Loayza, Erick, and Guido Miranda-Chumacero. "Monitoring native killifish in the La Paz metrópolis by citizen scientists: advantages and opportunities." Neotropical Hydrobiology and Aquatic Conservation 3, no. 1 (October 4, 2022): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.55565/nhac.vcsf6445.

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The Metropolitan Region of La Paz (MRDLP) in Bolivia has grown with minimal planning, leading to major changes to the natural habitat. Currently, citizen science is becoming an important contributor of information on the biodiversity of urban areas. This study presents novel records of native Andean killifish (Orestias spp.) in the MRDLP obtained from the iNaturalist website, expanding its distribution and highlighting the important role of citizen participation as a tool to expand biodiversity knowledge and monitoring of ecosystems sensitive to climate change.

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Leo, Marco, Giuseppe Massimo Bernava, Pierluigi Carcagnì, and Cosimo Distante. "Video-Based Automatic Baby Motion Analysis for Early Neurological Disorder Diagnosis: State of the Art and Future Directions." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 24, 2022): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030866.

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Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are impairments of the growth and development of the brain and/or central nervous system. In the light of clinical findings on early diagnosis of NDD and prompted by recent advances in hardware and software technologies, several researchers tried to introduce automatic systems to analyse the baby’s movement, even in cribs. Traditional technologies for automatic baby motion analysis leverage contact sensors. Alternatively, remotely acquired video data (e.g., RGB or depth) can be used, with or without active/passive markers positioned on the body. Markerless approaches are easier to set up and maintain (without any human intervention) and they work well on non-collaborative users, making them the most suitable technologies for clinical applications involving children. On the other hand, they require complex computational strategies for extracting knowledge from data, and then, they strongly depend on advances in computer vision and machine learning, which are among the most expanding areas of research. As a consequence, also markerless video-based analysis of movements in children for NDD has been rapidly expanding but, to the best of our knowledge, there is not yet a survey paper providing a broad overview of how recent scientific developments impacted it. This paper tries to fill this gap and it lists specifically designed data acquisition tools and publicly available datasets as well. Besides, it gives a glimpse of the most promising techniques in computer vision, machine learning and pattern recognition which could be profitably exploited for children motion analysis in videos.

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Journal articles on the topic '280110 Expanding knowledge in engineering'

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