Journal articles on the topic '280107 Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: 280107 Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic '280107 Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Mouw, Colleen B., Audrey B. Ciochetto, Brice Grunert, and Angela Yu. "Expanding understanding of optical variability in Lake Superior with a 4-year dataset." Earth System Science Data 9, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-497-2017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Lake Superior is one of the largest freshwater lakes on our planet, but few optical observations have been made to allow for the development and validation of visible spectral satellite remote sensing products. The dataset described here focuses on coincidently observing inherent and apparent optical properties along with biogeochemical parameters. Specifically, we observe remote sensing reflectance, absorption, scattering, backscattering, attenuation, chlorophyll concentration, and suspended particulate matter over the ice-free months of 2013–2016. The dataset substantially increases the optical knowledge of the lake. In addition to visible spectral satellite algorithm development, the dataset is valuable for characterizing the variable light field, particle, phytoplankton, and colored dissolved organic matter distributions, and helpful in food web and carbon cycle investigations. The compiled data can be freely accessed at https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/URI/Mouw/LakeSuperior/.
2
Wahyunengsih, Wahyunengsih, and Noni Mia Rahmawati. "EXPANDING PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE AND SENSE OF TOLERANCE ON “THE WORLD THROUGH ENGLISH TEXTBOOK”." IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education) 9, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 372–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v9i2.27481.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTCharacter education is needed to shape the students’ characters, one of which is the sense of being tolerant toward differences of cultures in societies around the world. Textbooks are suitable to introduce this value. This study is aimed to develop a primary school source of learning which significantly promotes the value of tolerance in the content. This textbook is aimed to introduce cultures from several parts of the world and stimulates the students' awareness of appreciating diversity. Plomp’s Model in 1997 research dan development (R&D) design is utilized in this present study. The finding shows the researchers can develop an English textbook entitled "The World through English". This book guides the students to enhance their knowledge and sense of tolerance into the level of warm tolerance according to the Interpersonal Tolerance Scale (IPTS) proposed by Thomae (2016). As a result, this study shows that the development of an English textbook with persuasive tolerance value is acceptable and easily comprehended by elementary school students.ABSTRAKPendidikan karakter diperlukan untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik, salah satunya adalah rasa toleran terhadap perbedaan budaya dalam masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Buku teks cocok untuk memperkenalkan nilai ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sumber belajar sekolah dasar yang secara signifikan mengedepankan nilai toleransi dalam muatannya. Buku ajar ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan budaya dari berbagai belahan dunia dan merangsang kesadaran siswa untuk menghargai keberagaman. Model Plomp pada tahun 1997 desain penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Temuan menunjukkan peneliti dapat mengembangkan buku teks bahasa Inggris berjudul "The World through English". Buku ini membimbing siswa untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan rasa toleransi ke tingkat toleransi hangat menurut Skala Toleransi Interpersonal (IPTS) yang diusulkan oleh Thomae (2016). Hasilnya, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan buku teks bahasa Inggris dengan nilai toleransi persuasif dapat diterima dan mudah dipahami oleh siswa sekolah dasar.How to Cite: Wahyunengsih, Rahmawati, N. M.. (2022). Expanding Primary School Students’ Knowledge and Sense of Tolerance on “The World Through English Textbook”. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 9(2), 372-395. doi:10.15408/ijee.v9i2.27481
3
Filippova, O. G. "Popularization of the Altai archaeological heritage: experience and development prospects." Field studies in the Upper Ob, Irtysh and Altai (archeology, ethnography, oral history and museology) 16 (2021): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2687-0584-2021-16-279-283.
Full textAbstract:
The publication raises issues related to the popularization of cultural heritage, monuments of archeology. The author gives examples of possible events and actions aimed at expanding the knowledge of representatives of society about the earliest stages of human development. The important role of interaction between the professional, scientific community, museums, non-profit organizations is noted.
4
Grainger, Alan. "Uncertainty in the construction of global knowledge of tropical forests." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 34, no. 6 (December 2010): 811–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133310387326.
Full textAbstract:
Knowledge of tropical forest change remains uncertain, affecting our ability to produce accurate estimates of globally aggregated parameters to support clear global statements about ‘the tropical forests’. This paper reviews current methods for constructing global knowledge of changes in tropical forest area, carbon density, biodiversity and ecosystem services. It finds a deficiency in formal institutions for global measurement and constructing global knowledge. In their absence, informal institutions have proliferated, increasing the spread of estimates. This is exacerbated by dependence on inaccurate official statistics, which has limited construction of knowledge about forest area change through modelling. Employing the new concept of the Knowledge Exchange Chain shows the interdependence of different disciplines in constructing composite information. Limitations linked to compartmentalization and scale are present, as predicted by the ‘post-normal hypothesis’. Disciplinary compartmentalization has impeded construction of information about forest carbon and biodiversity change. There is growth in interdisciplinary research into modelling forest change and estimating carbon emissions using remote sensing data, but not in studying biodiversity. Continuing uncertainty has implications for implementing the Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) scheme. Uncertainty could be reduced by expanding formal scientific institutions, e.g. by establishing an operational scientific global forest monitoring system, and devising formal generic rules for constructing global environmental knowledge.
5
Sudiro, P. "The Earth expansion theory and its transition from scientific hypothesis to pseudoscientific belief." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 5, no. 1 (June 20, 2014): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-5-135-2014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. During the first half of 20th century, the dominant global tectonics model based on Earth contraction had increasing problems accommodating new geological evidence, with the result that alternative geodynamic theories were investigated. Due to the level of scientific knowledge and the limited amount of data available in many scientific disciplines at the time, not only was contractionism considered a valid scientific theory but the debate also included expansionism, mobilism on a fixed-dimension planet, or various combinations of these geodynamic hypotheses. Geologists and physicists generally accepted that planets could change their dimensions, although the change of volume was generally believed to happen because of a contraction, not an expansion. Constant generation of new matter in the universe was a possibility accepted by science, as it was the variation in the cosmological constants. Continental drift, instead, was a more heterodox theory, requiring a larger effort from the geoscientists to be accepted. The new geological data collected in the following decades, an improved knowledge of the physical processes, the increased resolution and penetration of geophysical tools, and the sensitivity of measurements in physics decreased the uncertainty level in many fields of science. Theorists now had less freedom for speculation because their theories had to accommodate more data, and more limiting conditions to respect. This explains the rapid replacement of contracting Earth, expanding Earth, and continental drift theories by plate tectonics once the symmetrical oceanic magnetic striping was discovered, because none of the previous models could explain and incorporate the new oceanographic and geophysical data. Expansionism could survive after the introduction of plate tectonics because its proponents have increasingly detached their theory from reality by systematically rejecting or overlooking any contrary evidence, and selectively picking only the data that support expansion. Moreover, the proponents continue to suggest imaginative physical mechanisms to explain expansion, claiming that scientific knowledge is partial, and the many inconsistencies of their theory are just minor problems in the face of the plain evidence of expansion. According to the expansionists, scientists should just wait for some revolutionary discovery in fundamental physics that will explain all the unsolved mysteries of Earth expansion. The history of the expanding-Earth theory is an example of how falsified scientific hypotheses can survive their own failure, gradually shifting towards and beyond the limits of scientific investigation until they become merely pseudoscientific beliefs.
6
Ikeda, Toshikazu. "Development research of arithmetic and mathematics curriculum incorporating revolutionary and cumulative knowledge growth." Impact 2022, no. 5 (October 13, 2022): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.5.20.
Full textAbstract:
The continuous development of education is important in order to ensure it keeps growing and improving. Professor Toshikazu Ikeda, College of Education, Yokohama National University, Japan, is a Professor of Mathematics who is a proponent of revolutionary knowledge growth through overturning, expanding, and integrating acquired knowledge and skills. This is about progression through bridging the gap between a knowledge goal and the existing knowledge base through developing techniques and pathways to that goal. Ikeda believes that by inserting revolutionary knowledge growth into the mathematics curriculum in Japan, children can be encouraged towards more independent and problem solving based thinking. He has performed an analysis of current teaching materials which involved examining local teaching materials in a specific area, using lessons to analyse and evaluate those materials and looking at long-term global teaching materials that give a deeper examination of specific topics, focusing on how and where it can be used and how students react to the content. In his work, Ikeda uses modelling as a problem solving tool and to develop techniques to deepen learning and lead to revolutionary knowledge growth. Ikeda is collaborating with Professor Max Stephens, Melbourne University, to produce lectures centred on revolutionary growth knowledge for students at teacher training colleges. A key part of Ikedaâ–™s work is teaching mathematical modelling in order to help students understand the importance of mathematics and develop their abilities.
7
Bloom, Nicholas, John Van Reenen, and Heidi Williams. "A toolkit of policies to promote innovation." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 10 (October 8, 2019): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-10-5-31.
Full textAbstract:
Economic theory suggests that market economies are likely to underprovide innovation because of the public good nature of knowledge. Empirical evidence from the United States and other advanced economies supports this idea. We summarize the pros and cons of different policy instruments for promoting innovation and provide a basic “toolkit” describing which policies are most effective according to our reading of the evidence. In the short run, R&D tax credits and direct public funding seem the most productive, but in the longer run, increasing the supply of human capital (for example, relaxing immigration rules or expanding university STEM admissions) is likely more effective.
8
Dudzik, Agnieszka, and Agnieszka Dzięcioł-Pędich. "Online tools for individual study of specialised vocabulary – selected challenges." Linguodidactica 26 (2022): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/lingdid.2022.26.03.
Full textAbstract:
The acquisition of lexis is an important part of language learning. It is also a vital component of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) education, as knowledge of specialised vocabulary is considered integral to success in occupation-specific communicative activities. Expanding professional lexis is essential to help ESP learners understand the language and concepts of their academic or professional discipline and achieve specific communication goals. This paper aims to discuss selected challenges of using online tools (which were subjected to a qualitative analysis) to develop specialised lexis at the tertiary level. An outline of difficulties in professional vocabulary learning and a review of the main characteristics of teaching ESP are also included.
9
Sagdatullin, Artur M., and Kirill S. Semenov. "INFORMATION SYSTEM TO SUPPORT THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS BASED ON THE GAMIFICATION METHOD." Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) 61 (2022): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-98-101.
Full textAbstract:
The paper considers an educational information system built based on gamification and game technologies, expanding the possibilities of supporting the educational process. A classification was proposed, and the main features of information training systems were presented. An educational information system model was developed to support the educational process based on the gamification method. It was shown that many factors included in the education information system contribute to the enhancement of efficiency of such systems. A comparison of the gamification method with other gaming techniques was given. A training simulator was developed to consolidate theoretical knowledge and form practical skills and abilities for trainees in the oil and gas equipment and electric power engineering
10
Gedugoshev, Ratmir Ruslanovich. "Using the Incident Method in the Development of Social Responsibility of Young Police Officers." KANT 44, no. 3 (September 2022): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-44.40.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study is to characterize the pedagogical potential of the incident method in the development of social responsibility of young police officers. The scientific novelty consists in describing the possibilities of the incident method for expanding legal knowledge, developing moral qualities, and forming successful models of behavior for young police officers. The results of the study are the characteristics of simulated situations compiled within the framework of the incident method, including three areas of work: a) discussion of moral dilemmas involving legal and moral choices; b) solving problems containing typical options for actions and an operational tactical approach; c) simulation of extreme conditions requiring the use of physical force, special means, weapons.
11
Dudziak, Urszula. "Attitudes Towards the Regulation of Family Fertility. Reality and Pastoral Guidelines." Teologia i Moralność 17, no. 2(32) (December 30, 2022): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/tim.2022.32.2.16.
Full textAbstract:
Approval of fertility recognition and opposition to interfering with it have been expressed in many documents of the Church (Pius XI 1930, Paul VI 1968, John Paul II 1988, John Paul II 1995). The question remains: to what extent have the moral principles in the field of transmitting human life been interiorized and implemented? The answer to this question is possible thanks to the analysis of the results of surveys of various social groups. The article encourages spouses and parents, priests and educators, politicians and journalists, academic teachers and medical staff to constantly undertake, and even intensify, support activities in the field of expanding knowledge about the methods of ethical birth control and strengthening the attitude of responsible parenthood.
12
Burkhanov, Rafael Ayratovich. "Philosophizing as a questioning about being." KANT 41, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2021-41.24.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the study of philosophizing as questioning. It is substantiated that in terms of content, it is, firstly, an ideological questioning about the world and the place of human in it; secondly, conceptual questioning, which is realized in a developed philosophical theory; thirdly, metaphysical questioning, the purpose of which is the knowledge of being as such; fourth, transcending questioning, expanding and complicating the spheres of knowledge and practice; fifth, projective questioning aimed at creating and implementing possible models of a person; sixth, personal questioning, which forms the consciousness of a particular individual. Various types of philosophizing in ancient, medieval, modern European and modern thought are analyzed. It is emphasized that the definition of the main issue of philosophy as the question of the relationship of thinking to being, spirit to nature makes sense only within the framework of classical thought. In post-non-classical philosophy, interrogation is carried out within disparate semantic "clusters", through which it is impossible to comprehend the being as such, to cognize the world whole.
13
Awal, Sadiqul, and Darren Bonnici. "Consumers perception of aquaponics in Australia: A survey." Journal of Aquaculture and Marine Biology 10, no. 5 (November 15, 2021): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2021.10.00325.
Full textAbstract:
Aquaponics, an integrated system with both hydroponic plant production and aquaculture fish production, is an expanding alternative agriculture system. Many key questions about the overall feasibility of aquaponic systems remain unanswered. Of particular concern for start-up and established producers alike are consumer perceptions and willingness to pay for aquaponic produce and fish. This study reports results and analysis of a consumer survey about perceptions and preferences for aquaponic-grown products that was conducted in Melbourne Metropolitan Area (MMA), Australia. The results represent a first step toward building knowledge about the potential consumer base for aquaponics, which is a critical piece in the system’s potential overall profitability. It appears that consumer education and marketing will be key for the expansion of the market.
14
Harper, Kyle. "The Environmental Fall of the Roman Empire." Daedalus 145, no. 2 (April 2016): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00380.
Full textAbstract:
Global environmental history is currently being enriched by troves of new data, and new models of environmental variability and human impact. Earth scientists are rapidly expanding historians’ knowledge of the paleoclimate through the recovery and analysis of climate proxies such as ice cores, tree rings, stalagmites, and marine and lake sediments. Further, archaeologists and anthropologists are using novel techniques and methods to study the history of health and disease, as revealed through examination of bones and paleomolecular evidence. These possibilities open the way for historians to participate in a conversation about the long history of environmental change and human response. This essay considers how one of the most classic of all historical questions–the fall of the Roman Empire–can receive an answer enriched by new knowledge about the role of environmental change.
15
Li, Weisheng, Maolin He, and Minghao Xiang. "Double-Stack Aggregation Network Using a Feature-Travel Strategy for Pansharpening." Remote Sensing 14, no. 17 (August 27, 2022): 4224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14174224.
Full textAbstract:
Pansharpening methods based on deep learning can obtain high-quality, high-resolution multispectral images and are gradually becoming an active research topic. To combine deep learning and remote sensing domain knowledge more efficiently, we propose a double-stack aggregation network using a feature-travel strategy for pansharpening. The proposed network comprises two important designs. First, we propose a double-stack feature aggregation module that can efficiently retain useful feature information by aggregating features extracted at different levels. The module introduces a new multiscale, large-kernel convolutional block in the feature extraction stage to maintain the overall computational power while expanding the receptive field and obtaining detailed feature information. We also introduce a feature-travel strategy to effectively complement feature details on multiple scales. By resampling the source images, we use three pairs of source images at various scales as the input to the network. The feature-travel strategy lets the extracted features loop through the three scales to supplement the effective feature details. Extensive experiments on three satellite datasets show that the proposed model achieves significant improvements in both spatial and spectral quality measurements compared to state-of-the-art methods.
16
Pepey, Anaïs, Marc Souris, Amélie Vantaux, Serge Morand, Dysoley Lek, Ivo Mueller, Benoit Witkowski, and Vincent Herbreteau. "Studying Land Cover Changes in a Malaria-Endemic Cambodian District: Considerations and Constraints." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18 (September 12, 2020): 2972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12182972.
Full textAbstract:
Malaria control is an evolving public health concern, especially in times of resistance to insecticides and to antimalarial drugs, as well as changing environmental conditions that are influencing its epidemiology. Most literature demonstrates an increased risk of malaria transmission in areas of active deforestation, but knowledge about the link between land cover evolution and malaria risk is still limited in some parts of the world. In this study, we discuss different methods used for analysing the interaction between deforestation and malaria, then highlight the constraints that can arise in areas where data is lacking. For instance, there is a gap in knowledge in Cambodia about components of transmission, notably missing detailed vector ecology or epidemiology data, in addition to incomplete prevalence data over time. Still, we illustrate the situation by investigating the evolution of land cover and the progression of deforestation within a malaria-endemic area of Cambodia. To do so, we investigated the area by processing high-resolution satellite imagery from 2018 (1.5 m in panchromatic mode and 6 m in multispectral mode) and produced a land use/land cover map, to complete and homogenise existing data from 1988 and from 1998 to 2008 (land use/land cover from high-resolution satellite imagery). From these classifications, we calculated different landscapes metrics to quantify evolution of deforestation, forest fragmentation and landscape diversity. Over the 30-year period, we observed that deforestation keeps expanding, as diversity and fragmentation indices globally increase. Based on these results and the available literature, we question the mechanisms that could be influencing the relationship between land cover and malaria incidence and suggest further analyses to help elucidate how deforestation can affect malaria dynamics.
17
Villaseñor, Ferdinand II Bangiban, and Wilfred D. Bidad. "Disgusting for being HIV infected: Case study on HIV knowledge, sexual risk behaviors, and attitudes among MSM overseas Filipino workers in UAE." Mediterranean Journal of Social & Behavioral Research 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30935/mjosbr/12661.
Full textAbstract:
HIV has been prevailing in many societies as a health threat and numerous men are affected of this global health crisis. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and sexual risk behaviors of overseas Filipino workers (OFW) men having sex with men (MSM) about HIV. Through a qualitative using case study research design, in-depth key informant interviews (KIIs) were done to secure primary data collection and better understand the informants’ experiences and perceptions about HIV. The informants of the study involved 10 OFWs who worked in Dubai, UAE. Based on thematic data analysis, findings highlighted that the informants were knowledgeable of HIV transmission, symptoms, and prevention and treatment. They avoid drug use and practice safe sex especially through condom use to avoid HIV infection. However, they admitted to sexual risk behaviors. Consequently, the MSM pointed out the stigma, insecurity, and hopelessness of people dealing and living with HIV disease and enjoin people to give them fair treatment and acceptance in society. This study recommends expanding HIV awareness campaign programs to lessen the HIV disease and discrimination against people with HIV through promoting in social media and other relevant platforms and health support services.
18
Moreno Torres, Benjamí, Christoph Völker, Sarah Mandy Nagel, Thomas Hanke, and Sabine Kruschwitz. "An Ontology-Based Approach to Enable Data-Driven Research in the Field of NDT in Civil Engineering." Remote Sensing 13, no. 12 (June 21, 2021): 2426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13122426.
Full textAbstract:
Although measurement data from the civil engineering sector are an important basis for scientific analyses in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT), there is still no uniform representation of these data. An analysis of data sets across different test objects or test types is therefore associated with a high manual effort. Ontologies and the semantic web are technologies already used in numerous intelligent systems such as material cyberinfrastructures or research databases. This contribution demonstrates the application of these technologies to the case of the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry, which is commonly used to characterize water content and porosity distribution in solids. The methodology implemented for this purpose was developed specifically to be applied to materials science (MS) tests. The aim of this paper is to analyze such a methodology from the perspective of data interoperability using ontologies. Three benefits are expected from this approach to the study of the implementation of interoperability in the NDT domain: First, expanding knowledge of how the intrinsic characteristics of the NDT domain determine the application of semantic technologies. Second, to determine which aspects of such an implementation can be improved and in what ways. Finally, the baselines of future research in the field of data integration for NDT are drawn.
19
Myśliwiec, Iwona. "Ocena przydatności narzędzia badawczego na podstawie studium przypadku dziecka bilingwalnego w ujęciu logopedycznym." Słowo. Studia językoznawcze 12 (2021): 226–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/slowo.2021.12.20.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to introduce, analyze, and discuss the Language Development Test (LDT) as a tool for examining bilingual children. The research was based on a case study of a boy who was at the stage of acquiring Polish as an L2. The obtained test result differs significantly from the opinion of the Polish language teacher and speech therapist who cooperated with the boy from the moment of his arrival in Poland to the time of the final examination. Alex’s score on the Language Development Test (TRJ) corresponds to the third level. In reality, however, the boy mastered the language well enough to begin his education in a Polish school, keeping up with his Polish peers in acquiring knowledge and expanding his linguistic competence. This demonstrates the lack of valid tools for examining bilingual and multilingual children. Standards for these groups should be developed separately.
20
Razvi, Sayed Ata al' Vahid. "Cultural Landscape as an Assessment Category and a Communication Tool: Cultural Codes of Russia and Pakistan in the Context of Descriptive Comparative Studies." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9103-2022-11-1-40-45.
Full textAbstract:
The author of the article shares the opinion that culture and communication are mutually dependent factors of the formation of civilization. The present article focuses on the instrumental possibilities of cultural landscapes and cultural codes as communication tools, using comparative studies of cultural landscapes of Russia and Pakistan as an example. The author offers his model of conceptualizing cultural landscape as a cultural text in the process of interpretation of its cultural codes. The author argues that it is possible to consider the process of expanding mutual cultural knowledge as a form of "soft power" capable of promoting the development and strengthening of international relations. The author examines applied cultural studies from the standpoint of the science of communication, defining as their goal the achievement of the most productive, comfortable and harmonious conditions of intercultural, interlanguage and international communication within the framework of bilateral and multilateral relations.
21
Pak, Nikolay I., Darya A. Barkhatova, and Lyudmila B. Khegay. "The pyramid method in the conditions of the digitalization of education." RUDN Journal of Informatization in Education 19, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8631-2022-19-1-7-19.
Full textAbstract:
Problem statement. The digital transformation of education necessitates new approaches to the development of digital educational resources, the design of educational and scientific projects. They should provide a high degree of personification of training, structure the processes of organizing, monitoring and assessing the quality of educational products and results. In the process of digitalization of education, the goals of the educational system are expanding. In this regard, the work is devoted to the substantiation of the pyramid method for solving educational problems that meet the modern requirements of a digital society. Methodology. The analysis of the pyramid method, developed by Barbara Minto, used in the design of roadmaps for business development and contributing to the development of structural thinking, as one of the most sought-after qualities of a modern specialist, made it possible to highlight a number of advantages and benefits in the case of transformation of this method to solve educational problems. In particular, the method is convenient for the development of educational content in the format of a pyramidal tree of knowledge, for the formation of clear plans and assignments for students on the topics of coursework and diploma works, for monitoring and assessing the quality of educational results, complex systems and objects. Results. Examples of using the pyramid method for creating inverted educational resources, increasing interactivity during lectures and practical classes, organizing control and self-control of students knowledge, monitoring and assessing the quality of educational resources and objects are shown. Conclusion. The pyramid method facilitates the process of creating digital educational resources that correspond to the maximum extent to the characteristics of the modern generation and satisfy the principles of personification of learning. Its mastering and application in educational activities by the students themselves contributes to the development of their structural thinking.
22
GOLUBCHIKOV, Yuri, and Viktor KRUZHALIN. "GEOTOURISM AS A NEW OBJECT OF STUDY IN EARTH SCIENCE." LIFE OF THE EARTH 43, no. 3 (August 25, 2021): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2441.0514-7468.2020_43_3/368-376.
Full textAbstract:
Geotourism is here considered as an outdoor extension of the study of geological and geographical museum collections. Like ecotourism, geotourism is an integral constituent of scientific tourism. Whereas ecotourism is interested in biodiversity, geotourism is concerned with the variety of geological structures, minerals, rocks, fossils and landforms. Forms of synthesis of museum work and geotourism in the preservation and study of geological and geomorphological objects are traced. The importance of geoparks in the conservation of geoheritage and the prospects of their creation in Russia are considered. Expansion of geopark network is proposed, in view of the experiences of museum geological departments. Abandoned underground mines and similar objects are proposed as a basis for geotourism and as objects of geodiversity. The experience of creating geological museums on their basis is given. Coal mines present an example of such potential for geological excursions, given the history of past catastrophes. The elements of mystery inherent in geological and geomorphological excursions captivate tourists, increasing the attraction of earth sciences. The possibilities of geotourism in expanding the subject field of geology, geography and geomorphology are considered. Along with the activities of geological museums, geotourism is seen as one of the main avenues for integrating geosciences with society. Amateur science is able to contribute to the verification of scientific knowledge, and to new breakthroughs in science.
23
Sierpińska, Lidia, and Sebastian Jaworski. "Level of nurses’ knowledge concerning prevention of hospital-acquired infections in surgical wards." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 12, no. 8 (June 11, 2022): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2022.12.08.012.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections in surgical wards is associated with a high level of nurses’ knowledge and skills in the area of the observance of procedures, standards of prevention of infections, use of personal protection means, and isolation of patients infected with the alert pathogen. Objective. The aim of the study was recognition of the level of knowledge concerning prevention of hospital-acquired infections among nursing staff in surgical wards. Materials and Method. The study was conducted in 2021, and included 115 nurses employed in hospital wards in two hospitals. The research method was a diagnostic survey, the technique – a questionnaire, and the research tool – an author-constructed questionnaire. Results. The majority of the examined nurses (68.0%) presented a ‘mediocre’ level of knowledge concerning hospital-acquired infections, while 38.9% - a ‘low’ level. More than a half of the respondents (60.0%) knew the purpose for hygienic handwashing. Approximately ¾ of respondents knew that there is no necessity for using sterile gloves during procedures related with the risk of contact with blood or body fluids. The majority of nurses in the study (62.5%) had a deficit of knowledge about transient flora inhabiting the skin, and 1/3 of respondents had no established principles of observance of personal protection means. More than a half of nurses (65.2%) did not know the objective of isolation of patients infected with an alert pathogen. Nearly a half of respondents (47.8%) knew that standard isolation is applied in each patient, irrespective of the previous medical history taking. Almost 2/3 of respondents (64.3%) knew that isolations applied in infections transmitted through contact, by airborne-droplet and airborne-dust routes are the types of above-standard isolation. Conclusions. The results of the study confirm the need for expanding the scope of knowledge about prevention of hospital-acquired infections, the time of hygienic and surgical handwashing, as well as the principles of using personal protection means. The nurses presented a deficit of knowledge concerning transient flora of pathogenic microorganisms inhabiting the surface of the hands, and the principles of using personal protection means. Nurses require the expansion of the scope of knowledge about the goal and principles of standard and above-standard isolation of patients infected with alert pathogen.
24
Shin, Chung-Shig. "A Study of the Possibility of the Hermeneutical Approach of Public Administration." Korean Association of Governance Studies 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 187–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.26847/mspa.2022.32.2.187.
Full textAbstract:
A hermeneutical study in the realm of social sciences is on the way to expanding its realm variously. Theorists under the hermeneutical tradition mainly focus on ‘praxis’ as a self-interpretation within the historical contexts of social actors. A vital factor of the hermeneutical logos is thus contextualized self-interpretation. This article attempts to explain the application of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s ‘philosophical hermeneutics’ to the realms of public administration by focusing on the framework of ‘local narrative.’ This framework might consist of meaning, action, agency, structure, institution, and even power. Its ultimate goal never aims to make the “grand” narrative. Rather it attempts to reach the deeper understanding of the things within the realm of public administration. The guidance of a narrative weaving various efforts for understanding, effective communication, holism might be actualized by our localized knowledge and partial perspectives founded upon the hermeneutic circle, the historically effected consciousness and the lingusticality of understanding in Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics.
25
KÜÇÜKSÜLEYMANOĞLU, Rüyam. "INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ BURNOUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION." IEDSR Association 6, no. 15 (September 20, 2021): 54–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46872/pj.326.
Full textAbstract:
International student mobility has been expanding in the past twenty years. Creating economic value and strategic colloborations, developing a common understanding in a socio-cultural context, and generating scientific knowledge at a universal level through projects and research in higher education are the main reasons that play a role in the increase of internationalization efforts. International students who prefer to study outside of their country face many academic, socio-cultural, psychological and economic problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the burnout levels of international students. A descriptive approach incorporating quantitative (MBI-SS) and qualitative methods (semi structured interviews) were adopted in the present study to collect data. A total of 1284 international students were selected fort the quantative and 20 studets for the qualitative part of the study. The results of the study revealed the fact that international students has high burnout levels due to academic demands, cultural differences, financial problems, language and homesickness.
26
Ramiz Abdinov, Vidadi Akhundov, Ramiz Abdinov, Vidadi Akhundov. "METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF INNOVATIONS ON THE PRODUCTION OF THE REGION'S FINAL PRODUCTS." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 21, no. 04 (November 9, 2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/piretc21042022-33.
Full textAbstract:
The article developed an algorithm for calculating the coefficient of the impact of innovations on the growth rate of the final product. This mathematical apparatus is a tool for adequate adjustment of the economic system, taking into account the potential of its innovative development. Next, the problem of predicting the regional final product is solved using the Cobb-Douglas(innovation) model. In the calculations, the values of the parameters are determined by the Gradient method. The result obtained indicates the adequacy of the approach used. In addition, the assumptions and hypotheses put forward in the study create prerequisites for further expanding the amount of knowledge in the field of studying the innovative impact on the economy. The practical significance of the proposed models of innovative development of economic systems lies in the emergence of new opportunities for building the innovation policy of the state. Keywords: innovation activity, fuzzy model, Gradient method, innovation index
27
Salma, Jordana, Savera Aziz Ali, McKenzie H. Tilstra, Ishwar Tiwari, Charlene C. Nielsen, Kyle Whitfield, Allyson Jones, Alvaro Osornio Vargas, Okan Bulut, and Shelby S. Yamamoto. "Listening to older adults’ perspectives on climate change: Focus group study." International Health Trends and Perspectives 2, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/ihtp.v2i3.1697.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores climate change knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of community-dwelling older adults in Edmonton, Alberta. A qualitative descriptive methodology was used where thirty-nine older adults participated in one of six focus groups. A thematic data analysis helped identify three key themes synthesized from participants’ narratives: (a) Making sense of climate change, (b) lack of leadership in managing climate change; and (c) actions to address climate change that include an emphasis on individual responsibility and valuing the contributions of older adults. Older adults vary in their climate change literacy and levels of concern about climate change but share a commitment to environmental stewardship and community wellbeing. Expanding opportunities for older Canadians to learn about climate change and engage in climate initiatives will bring multiple benefits to this population and to the climate change movement.
28
Nikolopoulos, Vasileios, Mara Nikolaidou, Maria Voreakou, and Dimosthenis Anagnostopoulos. "Context Diffusion in Fog Colonies: Exploring Autonomous Fog Node Operation Using ECTORAS." IoT 3, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iot3010005.
Full textAbstract:
In Fog Computing, fog colonies are formed by nodes cooperating to provide services to end-users. To enable efficient operation and seamless scalability of fog colonies, decentralized control over participating nodes should be promoted. In such cases, autonomous Fog Nodes operate independently, sharing the context in which all colony members provide their services. In the paper, we explore different techniques of context diffusion and knowledge sharing between autonomous Fog Nodes within a fog colony, using ECTORAS, a publish/subscribe protocol. With ECTORAS, nodes become actively aware of their operating context, share contextual information and exchange operational policies to achieve self-configuration, self-adaptation and context awareness in an intelligent manner. Two different ECTORAS implementations are studied, one offering centralized control with the existence of a message broker, to manage colony participants and available topics, and one fully decentralized, catering to the erratic topology that Fog Computing may produce. The two schemes are tested as the Fog Colony size is expanding in terms of performance and energy consumption, in a prototype implementation based on Raspberry Pi nodes for smart building management.
29
Bajrang Lal and Priyanka Ranawat. "Approach to Enablers of Minimum Support Price (MSP) and their Effects on Sustainable Agriculture Practices." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i10.016.
Full textAbstract:
The production of agricultural goods is essential to the maintenance of many households' means of subsistence, notably in India. The purpose of this article is to determine the key factors of MSP and the impact that it has on sustainable agricultural practices (SAP). The selection of these 380 marginal farmers in Rajasthan was conducted using a survey methodology that included well-organized and convenient sampling techniques. The findings suggested that the farmers were familiar with the MSP. Several supply parameters, including Area under crop, Productivity of land, Processing cost, Transportation, Distribution, Taxes and fee, and Subsidies, were found to have a correlation that was both positive and significant with SAP. In a similar vein, agricultural factors, such as the cost of production, input prices, market prices, demand and supply, inflation, and international pricing, are positively connected with SAP. To achieve agricultural sustainability in Rajasthan, an innovative conceptual model was devised. This work contributes to the current body of knowledge by expanding on how MSP and SAP are typically utilized.
30
Howarth, Richard. "Gravity Surveying in Early Geophysics. I. From Time-Keeping to Figure of the Earth." Earth Sciences History 26, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.26.2.7460m485n5701845.
Full textAbstract:
This two-part review of the development of the measurement of the Earth's gravity field, and its application to geology, up to the early 1960s, is intended primarily for an earth-science readership. The focus here is on the pendulum, which played the dominant role in measurement of the intensity of gravity (g), both in absolute (at national observatories) and relative terms (at field stations), until the early twentieth century. Following discovery of the properties of the pendulum and its incorporation in time-keepers, early post-Newtonian investigations used the length of a pendulum beating seconds as a proxy for g. The goal was to obtain ever-improved knowledge of the "Figure of the Earth," initially encapsulated in determination of the degree of flattening of the oblate ellipsoid used as a model for the geometry of the globe. Developments in theory went hand-in-hand with both improvements in pendulum design and the establishment of a constantly expanding network of astrogeodetic stations as a basis for national cartographic surveys. By the late nineteenth century, results from astrogeodetic determinations of the length of a degree of arc and those derived from gravity determinations (by means of Clairaut's theorem) had converged to an inverse flattening of 298, and emphasis switched to determination of the geoid. However, by the 1840s, discrepancies between observed and model-fitted values were providing increasingly strong evidence that geological factors also affected the local value of g . This would give rise to the use of gravity determination as a geological exploration tool in the twentieth century.
31
Ade, Christiana, Shruti Khanna, Mui Lay, Susan L. Ustin, and Erin L. Hestir. "Genus-Level Mapping of Invasive Floating Aquatic Vegetation Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 23, 2022): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133013.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive floating aquatic vegetation negatively impacts wetland ecosystems and mapping this vegetation through space and time can aid in designing and assessing effective control strategies. Current remote sensing methods for mapping floating aquatic vegetation at the genus level relies on airborne imaging spectroscopy, resulting in temporal gaps because routine hyperspectral satellite coverage is not yet available. Here we achieved genus level and species level discrimination between two invasive aquatic vegetation species using Sentinel 2 multispectral satellite data and machine-learning classifiers in summer and fall. The species of concern were water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) and water primrose (Ludwigia spp.). Our classifiers also identified submerged and emergent aquatic vegetation at the community level. Random forest models using Sentinel-2 data achieved an average overall accuracy of 90%, and class accuracies of 79–91% and 85–95% for water hyacinth and water primrose, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has mapped water primrose to the genus level using satellite remote sensing. Sentinel-2 derived maps compared well to those derived from airborne imaging spectroscopy and we also identified misclassifications that can be attributed to the coarser Sentinel-2 spectral and spatial resolutions. Our results demonstrate that the intra-annual temporal gaps between airborne imaging spectroscopy observations can be supplemented with Sentinel-2 satellite data and thus, rapidly growing/expanding vegetation can be tracked in real time. Such improvements have potential management benefits by improving the understanding of the phenology, spread, competitive advantages, and vulnerabilities of these aquatic plants.
32
Budayová, Zuzana, Michal Svoboda, Marek Kóša, Catalina Tudose, and Irma Igorevna Molchanova. "Lifelong Learning and Development for Social Workers." Journal of Education Culture and Society 13, no. 2 (September 27, 2022): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2022.2.359.368.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. In the paper, the authors demonstrate the influence of the education and educational level of social workers on the quality of social work as a profession that helps people in unfavorable situation. They point to the importance of lifelong learning, which is essential for advancing the knowledge and competences of social workers in practice. Concept. Lifelong education for social workers is currently a necessity for their functioning not only on the basis of the rapid, dynamic changes in their problems and social clients, but also for rapid and dynamic changes in the use of methods and techniques of social work. Method. The study deals with the educational development of employees in the profession of social worker. It defines and identifies forms of continuous education of social workers, which can have different methods and which can result in different competencies of a social worker. Results. The study confirms that the lifelong learning of social workers requires constant access to support and information about education, but also to set opportunities and thus facilitate access to the education of social workers. It is necessary to realise that the competences of the social worker must be in accordance with the education that the social worker has. Conclusion. The scientific articles and contributions that we offer in this study point to lifelong learning, which has the effect of expanding the possibilities of a social worker’s work with several types of clients, increases his competences and thus acquires a lot of knowledge and skills that are subsequently applied in practice.
33
Najafi, Ali, Neda Emami, and Taha Samad-Soltani. "Integration of Genomics Data and Electronic Health Records Toward Personalized Medicine: A Targeted Review." Frontiers in Health Informatics 10, no. 1 (August 22, 2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/fhi.v10i1.299.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Integration of rapidly expanding high-throughput omics technologies and electronic health record (EHR) has created an unprecedented advantage in terms of acquiring routine healthcare data to accelerate genetic discovery. In this regard, EHR can also provide several important advantages to omics research if the integration challenges are well handled. The main purpose of the present study was to review available and published knowledge in the related literature and then to classify and discuss stakeholders’ requirements in this domain.Material and Methods: At first, a broad electronic search of all available literature in English was conducted on the topic through a search in the databases of Medline, Web of Science, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Scopus, and Cochrane. Then, stakeholders’ requirements were tabulated, and finally, a word cloud was generated and analyzed to achieve functional and non-functional cases.Results: A total of 81 articles were included in the given analysis. Integration requirements also consisted of nine functional cases including a uniform approach to the interpretation of genetic tests, standardized terminologies and ontologies, structured data entry as much as possible, an integrated online patient portal, multiple data source handling, machine-readable storing and reporting, research-oriented requirements, pharmacogenomics decision support capabilities, and phenotyping algorithms and knowledge base. Besides, there were three non-functional cases comprised of interoperability of multiple systems, ethical, legal, security factor, and big data computations.Conclusion: The main challenges in this way could also have semantic and technical themes. Therefore, system developers could guarantee the success of systems by overcoming the given challenges.
34
Titolo, Andrea. "Use of Time-Series NDWI to Monitor Emerging Archaeological Sites: Case Studies from Iraqi Artificial Reservoirs." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (February 21, 2021): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040786.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last 50 years, countries across North Africa and the Middle East have seen a significant increase in dam construction which, notwithstanding their benefits, have endangered archaeological heritage. Archaeological surveys and salvage excavations have been carried out in threatened areas in the past, but the formation of reservoirs often resulted in the permanent loss of archaeological data. However, in 2018, a sharp fall in the water level of the Mosul Dam reservoir led to the emersion of the archaeological site of Kemune and allowed for its brief and targeted investigation. Reservoir water level change is not unique to the Mosul Dam, but it is a phenomenon affecting most of the artificial lakes of present-day Iraq. However, to know in advance which sites will be exposed due to a decrease in water level can be a challenging task, especially without any previous knowledge, field investigation, or high-resolution satellite image. Nonetheless, by using time-series medium-resolution satellite images, combined to obtain spectral indexes for different years, it is possible to monitor “patterns” of emerging archaeological sites from three major Iraqi reservoirs: Mosul, Haditha and Hamrin lake. The Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI), generated from annual composites of Landsat and Sentinel-2 images, allow us to distinguish between water bodies and other land surfaces. When coupled with a pixel analysis of each image, the index can provide a mean for highlighting whether an archaeological site is submerged or not. Moreover, using a zonal histogram algorithm in QGIS over polygon shapefiles that represent a site surface, it is possible to assess the area of a site that has been exposed over time. The same analyses were carried out on monthly composites for the year 2018, to assess the impact of monthly variation of the water level on the archaeological sites. The results from both analyses have been visually evaluated using medium-resolution true colour images for specific years and locations and with 3 m resolution Planetscope images for 2018. Understanding emersion “patterns” of known archaeological sites provides a useful tool for targeted rescue excavation, while also expanding the knowledge of the post-flooding impact on cultural heritage in the regions under study.
35
Lindner, Claudia, Andreas Rienow, Karl-Heinz Otto, and Carsten Juergens. "Development of an App and Teaching Concept for Implementation of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data into School Lessons Using Augmented Reality." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030791.
Full textAbstract:
For the purpose of expanding STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) education with remote sensing (RS) data and methods, an augmented reality (AR) app was developed in combination with a worksheet and lesson plan. Data from the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) was searched for topics applicable to STEM curricula, which was found in the example of a harmful algal bloom in Lake Erie, USA, in 2011. Spectral shape algorithms were applied to differentiate between less harmful green and more harmful blue algae in the lake. The data was pre-processed to reduce its size significantly without losing too much information and then integrated into an app that was developed in Unity with the Vuforia extension. It was designed to let students browse and understand the raw data in RGB and a tangible hyperspectral cube, as well as to analyze algae maps derived from it. The app runs on Android smartphones with minimized data usage to make it less dependent on school funding and the socioeconomic background of students. Using educational concepts, such as active and collaborative learning, moderate constructivism, and scientific inquiry, the data was integrated into a lesson about environmental problems that was enhanced by the AR app. The app and worksheet were evaluated in two advanced geography courses (n = 36) and found to be complex, but doable and understandable, for the target group of German high school students in their final two school years. Thus, hyperspectral data can be used for STEM lessons using AR technology on students’ smartphones with several limitations both in the technology used and gainable knowledge.
36
Li, Huiying, Dehua Mao, Xiaoyan Li, Zongming Wang, and Cuizhen Wang. "Monitoring 40-Year Lake Area Changes of the Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau, Using Landsat Time Series." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (February 9, 2019): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030343.
Full textAbstract:
Areal changes of high-altitude inland lakes on the Qaidam Basin (QB) of the Tibetan Plateau are reliable indicators of climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. Due to the physical difficulties to access, our knowledge of the spatial patterns and processes of climatic and human impacts on the Basin has been limited. Focusing on lake area changes, this study used long-term Landsat images to map the patterns of lakes and glaciers in 1977, 1990, 2000, and 2015, and to monitor the spatially explicit changes of lakes between 1977 and 2015. Results revealed that the total number of lakes (area > 0.5 km2) increased by 18, while their total area expanded by 29.8%, from 1761.5 ± 88.1 km2 to 2285.9 ± 91.4 km2. Meanwhile, glaciers have decreased in area by 259.16 km2 in the past four decades. The structural equation model (SEM) was applied to examine the integrative effects of natural and anthropogenic factors on lake area. Precipitation change exhibited the most significant influence on lake area in the QB from 1977 to 2000, while human activities also played an important role in the expansion of lakes in the QB in the period 2000–2015. In particular, extensive exploitation of salt lakes as mining resources resulted in severe changes in lake area and landscape. The continuously expanding salt lakes inundated the road infrastructure nearby, posing great threats to road safety. This study shed new light on the impacts of recent environmental changes and human interventions on lakes in the Qaidam Basin, which could assist policy-making for protecting the lakes and for strengthening the ecological improvement of this vast, arid basin.
37
De Filippis, Tiziana, Leandro Rocchi, Giovanni Massazza, Alessandro Pezzoli, Maurizio Rosso, Mohamed Housseini Ibrahim, and Vieri Tarchiani. "Hydrological Web Services for Operational Flood Risk Monitoring and Forecasting at Local Scale in Niger." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 4 (April 5, 2022): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11040236.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging hydrological services provide stakeholders and political authorities with useful and reliable information to support the decision-making process and develop flood risk management strategies. Most of these services adopt the paradigm of open data and standard web services, paving the way to increase distributed hydrometeorological services’ interoperability. Moreover, sharing of data, models, information, and the use of open-source software, greatly contributes to expanding the knowledge on flood risk and to increasing flood preparedness. Nevertheless, services’ interoperability and open data are not common in local systems implemented in developing countries. This paper presents the web platform and related services developed for the Local Flood Early Warning System of the Sirba River in Niger (SLAPIS) to tailor hydroclimatic information to the user’s needs, both in content and format. Building upon open-source software components and interoperable web services, we created a software framework covering data capture and storage, data flow management procedures from several data providers, real-time web publication, and service-based information dissemination. The geospatial infrastructure and web services respond to the actual and local decision-making context to improve the usability and usefulness of information derived from hydrometeorological forecasts, hydraulic models, and real-time observations. This paper presents also the results of the three years of operational campaigns for flood early warning on the Sirba River in Niger. Semiautomatic flood warnings tailored and provided to end users bridge the gap between available technology and local users’ needs for adaptation, mitigation, and flood risk management, and make progress toward the sustainable development goals.
38
Liu, Shishi, Yuren Chen, Yintao Ma, Xiaoxuan Kong, Xinyu Zhang, and Dongying Zhang. "Mapping Ratoon Rice Planting Area in Central China Using Sentinel-2 Time Stacks and the Phenology-Based Algorithm." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 3400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203400.
Full textAbstract:
Mapping rice cropping systems is important for grain yield prediction and food security assessments. Both single- and double-season rice are the dominant rice systems in central China. However, because of increasing labor shortages and high costs, there has been a gradual decline in double-season rice. Ratoon rice (RR) has been proposed as an alternative system that balances the productivity, cost, and labor requirements of rice cultivation. RR has been expanding in central China, encouraged by the improved cultivars, machinery, and favorable policies. However, to our knowledge, the distribution of RR has not been mapped with remote sensing techniques. This study developed a phenology-based algorithm to map RR at a 10 m resolution in Hubei Province, Central China, using dense time stacks of Sentinel-2 images (cloud cover <80%) in 2018. The key in differentiating RR from the other rice cropping systems is through the timing of maturity. We proposed to use two contrast vegetation indices to identify RR fields. The newly-developed yellowness index (YI) calculated with the reflectance of blue, green, and red bands was used to detect the ripening phase, and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) was used to detect the green-up of the second-season crop to eliminate the misclassification caused by stubbles left in the field. The RR map demonstrated that RR was mainly distributed in the low alluvial plains of central and southern Hubei Province. The total planting area of RR in 2018 was 2225.4 km2, accounting for 10.03% of the total area of paddy rice fields. The overall accuracy of RR, non-RR rice fields, and non-rice land cover types was 0.76. The adjusted overall accuracy for RR and non-RR was 0.91, indicating that the proposed YI and the phenology-based algorithm could accurately identify RR fields from the paddy rice fields.
39
Gokul, Elamurugu Alias, Dionysios E. Raitsos, John A. Gittings, and Ibrahim Hoteit. "Developing an Atlas of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Red Sea: Linkages to Local Aquaculture." Remote Sensing 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2020): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12223695.
Full textAbstract:
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss and alterations to ecosystem services. The Red Sea is one of the least studied large marine ecosystems (LMEs), and knowledge on the large-scale spatiotemporal distribution of HABs remains limited. We implemented the recently developed remote sensing algorithm of Gokul et al. (2019) to produce a high-resolution atlas of HAB events in the Red Sea and investigated their spatiotemporal variability between 2003 and 2017. The atlas revealed that (i) the southern part of the Red Sea is subject to a higher occurrence of HABs, as well as long-lasting and large-scale events, in comparison to the northern part of the basin, and (ii) the Red Sea HABs exhibited a notable seasonality, with most events occurring during summer. We further investigated the potential interactions between identified HAB events and the National Aquaculture Group (NAQUA), Al-Lith (Saudi Arabia)—the largest aquaculture facility on the Red Sea coast. The results suggest that the spatial coverage of HABs and the elevated chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) (> 1 mg m−3; a proxy for high nutrient concentration), in the coastal waters of Al-Lith during summer, increased concurrently with the local aquaculture annual production over a nine-year period (2002–2010). This could be attributed to excessive nutrient loading from the NAQUA facility’s outfall, which enables the proliferation of HABs in an otherwise oligotrophic region during summer. Aquaculture is an expanding, high-value industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Thus, a wastewater management plan should ideally be implemented at a national level, in order to prevent excessive nutrient loading. Our results may assist policy-makers’ efforts to ensure the sustainable development of the Red Sea’s coastal economic zone.
40
Capozzoli, Luigi, Valeria Giampaolo, Gregory De Martino, Mohamed M. Gomaa, and Enzo Rizzo. "Geoelectrical Measurements to Monitor a Hydrocarbon Leakage in the Aquifer: Simulation Experiment in the Lab." Geosciences 12, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12100360.
Full textAbstract:
Hydrocarbons represent one of the most dangerous sources of contamination for environmental resources. Petroleum contaminants released from leaking fuel storage tanks or accidental spillages represent serious worldwide problems. Knowledge of the contaminant distribution in the subsoil is very complex, and direct measurements, such as boreholes or drillings, are strongly required. Even if the direct measurements define accurate information, on the contrary, they have low spatial coverage. Geophysics can effectively support conventional methods of subsoil sampling by expanding the information obtainable, providing to analyze, with higher resolution, larger areas of investigation. Consequently, different geophysical techniques have been used to detect the presence and distribution of hydrocarbons in the subsurface. Electrical resistivity tomography is an efficient geophysical methodology for studying hydrocarbon contamination. Indeed, this methodology allows for the reduction of the number of drillings or soil samples, and several papers described its success. One of the advantages is the possibility to successfully perform analyses in time-lapse to identify the degradation of the contaminants. Indeed, natural attenuation of hydrocarbon contaminants is observed under aerobic conditions due to biodegradation, which should be the principal phenomenon of physical variations of the subsoil. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was conducted in a sandbox to simulate a spillage of common diesel occurring in the vadose zone. The sandbox was monitored for a long period (1 year, approximately) using time-lapse cross borehole electrical resistivity tomographies. Results highlight the usefulness of in-hole electrical tomography for characterizing underground hydrocarbon leakage and the variability of the subsurface physical behavior due to contaminant degradation. Therefore, the experiment demonstrates how the electrical method can monitor the biodegradation processes occurring in the subsoil, defining the possibility of using the methodology during remediation activities.
41
Naciri, Nacer, and Sunil Bisnath. "Approaching Global Instantaneous Precise Positioning with the Dual- and Triple-Frequency Multi-GNSS Decoupled Clock Model." Remote Sensing 13, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 3768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183768.
Full textAbstract:
Precise Point Positioning (PPP), as a global precise positioning technique, suffers from relatively long convergence times, hindering its ability to be the default precise positioning technique. Reducing the PPP convergence time is a must to reach global precise positions, and doing so in a few minutes to seconds can be achieved thanks to the additional frequencies that are being broadcast by the modernized GNSS constellations. Due to discrepancies in the number of signals broadcast by each satellite/constellation, it is necessary to have a model that can process a mix of signals, depending on availability, and perform ambiguity resolution (AR), a technique that proved necessary for rapid convergence. This manuscript does so by expanding the uncombined Decoupled Clock Model to process and fix ambiguities on up to three frequencies depending on availability for GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou. GLONASS is included as well, without carrier-phase ambiguity fixing. Results show the possibility of consistent quasi-instantaneous global precise positioning through an assessment of the algorithm on a network of global stations, as the 67th percentile solution converges below 10 cm horizontal error within 2 min, compared to 8 min with a triple-frequency solution, showing the importance of having a flexible PPP-AR model frequency-wise. In terms of individual datasets, 14% of datasets converge instantaneously when mixing dual- and triple-frequency measurements, compared to just 0.1% in that of dual-frequency mode without ambiguity resolution. Two kinematic car datasets were also processed, and it was shown that instantaneous centimetre-level positioning with a moving receiver is possible. These results are promising as they only rely on ultra-rapid global satellite products, allowing for instantaneous real-time precise positioning without the need for any local infrastructure or prior knowledge of the receiver’s environment.
42
Li, Zhi, Yi Lu, and Xiaomei Yang. "Multi-Level Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Patterns of Chinese Megacities during the Period of 2016–2021 Based on a Spatiotemporal Land-Cover Classification Model Using High-Resolution Satellite Imagery: A Case Study of Beijing, China." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010074.
Full textAbstract:
In today’s accelerating urbanization process, timely and effective monitoring of land-cover dynamics, landscape pattern analysis, and evaluation of built-up urban areas (BUAs) have important research significance and practical value for the sustainable development, planning and management, and ecological protection of cities. High-spatial-resolution remote sensing (HRRS) images have the advantages of high-accuracy Earth observations, covering a large area, and having a short playback period, and they can objectively and accurately provide fine dynamic spatial information about the land cover in urban built-up areas. However, the complexity and comprehensiveness of the urban structure have led to a single-scale analysis method, which makes it difficult to accurately and comprehensively reflect the characteristics of the BUA landscape pattern. Therefore, in this study, a joint evaluation method for an urban land-cover spatiotemporal-mapping chain and multi-scale landscape pattern using high-resolution remote sensing imagery was developed. First, a pixel–object–knowledge model with temporal and spatial classifications was proposed for the spatiotemporal mapping of urban land cover. Based on this, a multi-scale district–BUA–city block–land cover type map of the city was established and a joint multi-scale evaluation index was constructed for the multi-scale dynamic analysis of the urban landscape pattern. The accuracies of the land cover in 2016 and 2021 were 91.9% and 90.4%, respectively, and the kappa coefficients were 0.90 and 0.88, respectively, indicating that the method can provide effective and reliable information for spatial mapping and landscape pattern analysis. In addition, the multi-scale analysis of the urban landscape pattern revealed that, during the period of 2016–2021, Beijing maintained the same high urbanization rate in the inner part of the city, while the outer part of the city kept expanding, which also reflects the validity and comprehensiveness of the analysis method developed in this study.
43
Goncharova, K. S., and G. Shelomentsev. "The analysis of space category in economic studies." Moscow University Economics Bulletin, no. 5 (September 19, 2022): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105202252.
Full textAbstract:
Space is one of the key and controversial (in terms of content) categories in economics. It is assumed that the methodological basis of spatial development concept, and, correspondingly, the very concept of space itself are classical (mercantilism) and neoclassical (price theory) theories. However, until now the understanding of its nature and its role in creating and transforming modern socio-economic relations remains a debatable issue. The key method of analysis in this work is semantic analysis. The Authors attempt, on the one hand, to reveal a retrospective transformation of space concept, and on the other, to identify the key theoretical and methodological approaches to this phenomenon in modern research. The analysis results in a number of valuable findings. First, the authors identify a synthetic nature of concept evolution, which consists in a specific absorption of previously proposed models and space describing provisions. Secondly, the authors identify the main approaches to space study, for which the determining criterion is the nature of socio-economic relations formed by economic agents, and the processes that these agents implement in various spaces. Thirdly, the authors prove that modern concept of socio-economic space allows for a broader description of interactions of economic agents in translocation aspect. Thus, the scientific significance of the research consists in expanding knowledge approaches to defining the category of space, as well as its analysis in modern economic research.
44
Dodds, Klaus J. "Antarctica and the modern geographical imagination (1918–1960)." Polar Record 33, no. 184 (January 1997): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400014169.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper examines how different technologies of exploration and mapping transformed human understanding of the Antarctic in the period 1918–1960. In the aftermath of the ‘heroic’ expeditions, European and American governments began to invest considerable monies in support of national expeditions for the purpose of claiming and mapping the polar continent. The collection of practical geographical information during the inter-war period was overtaken by the advent of polar aviation and aerial mapping in the 1930s. The aeroplane and the aerial camera played key parts in expanding stores of knowledge about the continent and altering perceptions of place. Finally, the paper considers the 1955–1958 Trans-Antarctic Expedition (TAE). This venture was significant because it was widely understood to be the final chapter in the geographical and scientific assualt on the Antarctic. The TAE was the high point of polar achievement, as a range of technologies were brought to bear on the surface of the Antarctic icesheet. Thereafter, the cultural and political significance of the polar continent changed in the face of new challenges for human exploration in the realms of outer space and the Moon.
45
CIOBANU, Elena, Catalina CROITORU, Greta BALAN, Vladimir BERNIC, Olga BURDUNIUC, and Alina FERDOHLEB. "„Phage treatment and wetland technology as intervention strategy to prevent dissemination of antibiotic resistance in surface waters”- a project launch in low-middle in-come countries of Eastern Europe." One Health & Risk Management 3, no. 2S (March 20, 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.38045/ohrm.2022.2.05.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Antimicrobial resistance is a widespread and tough challenge, if not impossible, to limit by biological, physical or geographical barriers. This is the reason behind the "One Health" approach, which guides all rules and research plans on antimicrobial resistance worldwide. The abusive and excessive use of antimicrobials in human medicine, veterinary practices, agriculture and aquaculture has traditionally been considered the main reason for the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. The purpose was to assess the epidemiological risk of wastewater as a source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria concerning public health, focusing on low- and middle-income Eastern European countries.
Material and methods. To achieve this goal, the development of a secure, cost-effective and sustainable technology has been planned, which could easily be introduced in low- and middle-income countries. There have been outlined the following steps: mapping the consumption of antimicrobial emulsions at the national level (primary, cross-sectional study, complete sampling, based on imported data and centralized public acquirement of medicines); research regarding the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the population on antimicrobial resistance (primary, cross-sectional, descriptive study); qualitative and descriptive evaluation of barriers to reduce the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance by the healthcare services; research regarding the knowledge, attitudes and practices in human and veterinary healthcare on antimicrobial resistance (primary, cross-sectional, descriptive study); screening and investigation of the microbial resistance mechanisms to the strains isolated from patients with infectious pathological processes (preclinical study); analysis of the specific features and sampling of the Constructed Wetlands in Orhei (preclinical study). The Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health of RM positively approved the Research PhageLand.
Results. The obtained results of this research will contribute to a better understanding of the involved factors that are generating the broadening of antimicrobial resistance and how they influence the transmission among different hosts (bacteria, animals and humans). Moreover, it can also have a major impact to the engineering field and wastewater management companies by expanding the range of tools with sophisticated technologies, designed to reduce the risk of transmitting antimicrobial resistance in wastewater and improve sewerage practices.
Conclusions. The effective use of knowledge and practices in the worldwide fight against antimicrobial resistance, providing useful data, applicable knowledge, efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-effective protocols and technologies, which can be scaled, implemented and used at the European and international levels with no economic or geographical obstacles.
Acknowledgment. The research was conducted in the Republic of Moldova within the JPIAMR projects (PhageLand), project number - 22.80013.8007.1.
46
Quamar, Md Firoze. "Late Holocene vegetation dynamics and monsoonal climatic changes in Jammu, India." Acta Palaeobotanica 62, no. 1 (June 2022): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2022-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Knowledge of the Holocene Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) variability is important for understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of the ISM precipitation. In this study, a Late Holocene pollen proxy record of the changes in the ISM intensity from a 1.8 m deep lacustrine sedimentary deposit in Jammu District (Jammu and Kashmir State) in India is presented. The results show that between ~3205 and 2485 cal yr BP, mixed broad-leaved/conifer forests occurred in the region under a warm and humid climate, probably indicating high monsoon precipitation. Subsequently, the conifers, such as Pinus sp., Cedrus sp., Abies sp., Picea sp. and Larix sp. increased comparatively and show dominance over the existing broad-leaved taxa between ~2485 and 1585 cal yr BP under a cool and dry climate with reduced monsoon precipitation. The climate further deteriorated (towards attaining aridity under reduced monsoon condition) during ~1585 to 865 cal yr BP, which coincides with the Dark Ages Cold Period (DACP: CE/AD 400–765; 1185–1550 cal yr BP). Since ~865 cal yr BP (CE/AD 1085 onwards) to Present, the broad-leaved taxa, such as Alnus sp., Betula sp., Ulmus sp., Carpinus sp., Corylus sp. and Quercus sp. started expanding and showed their dominance over the conifers, indicating a warm and humid climate in the region with increased monsoon precipitation. This phase partly corresponds with the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (MCA) between CE/AD 950 and 1300. Thus, the ISM rainfall intensity is linked with some of the global climatic trends in the present study.
47
van der Ent, R. J., O. A. Tuinenburg, H. R. Knoche, H. Kunstmann, and H. H. G. Savenije. "Should we use a simple or complex model for moisture recycling and atmospheric moisture tracking?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 5 (May 29, 2013): 6723–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-6723-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. This paper compares three state-of-the-art atmospheric moisture tracking models. Such models are typically used to study the water component of coupled land and atmosphere models, in particular quantifying moisture recycling and the source-sink relations between evaporation and precipitation. However, there are several atmospheric moisture tracking methods being used in the literature, and depending on the level of aggregation, the assumptions made and the level of detail, the performance of these methods may differ substantially. In this paper, we compare three methods. The RCM-tag method uses highly accurate 3-D water tracking (including phase transitions) directly within a regional climate model (online), while the other two methods (WAM and 3D-T) use a posteriori (offline) water vapour tracking. The original version of WAM makes use of the well-mixed assumption, while 3D-T is a multi-layer model. The a posteriori models are faster and more flexible, but less accurate than online moisture tracking with RCM-tag. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the a posteriori models, we tagged evaporated water from Lake Volta in West Africa and traced it to where it precipitates. It is found that the strong wind shear in West Africa is the main cause of errors in the a posteriori models. The number of vertical layers and the initial release height of tagged water in the model are found to have the most significant influences on the results. With this knowledge small improvements were made to the a posteriori models. It appeared that expanding WAM to a 2 layer model, or a lower release height in 3D-T, led to significantly better results. Finally, we introduced a simple metric to assess wind shear globally and give recommendations about when to use which model. The "best" method, however, very much depends on the spatial extent of the research question as well as the available computational power.
48
Wang, Sa, Lifu Zhang, Hongming Zhang, Xingxing Han, and Linshan Zhang. "Spatial–Temporal Wetland Landcover Changes of Poyang Lake Derived from Landsat and HJ-1A/B Data in the Dry Season from 1973–2019." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10 (May 17, 2020): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12101595.
Full textAbstract:
As China’s largest freshwater lake and an important wintering ground for white cranes in Asia, the Poyang Lake wetland has unique ecological value. However, wetland cover types have changed dynamically and have attracted the attention of society and researchers over the past few decades. To obtain detailed knowledge and understanding of the long-term landcover dynamics of Poyang Lake and the associated driving forces, Landsat and HJ-1A/B images (31 images) were used to acquire classification and frequency maps of Poyang Lake in the dry season from 1973–2019 based on the random forest (RF) algorithm. In addition, the driving forces were discussed according to the Geodetector model. The results showed that the coverage of water and mudflat showed opposite trends from 1987–2019. Water and vegetation exhibited a significant decreasing trend from 1981–2003 and from 1996–2004 (p < 0.01), respectively. A phenomenon of vegetation expanding from west to east was found, and the expansion areas were mainly concentrated in the central zone of Poyang Lake, while vegetation in the northern mountainous area of Songmen (region 1) and eastern Songmen Mountain (region 2), showed a significantly expanded trend (R2 > 0.6, p < 0.01) during the five-decade period. The year-long dominant distribution of water occurred mainly in the two deltas formed by the Raohe and Tongjin rivers and the Fuhe and Xinjiang rivers, with deep water. In the 1973–2003 and 2003–2019 periods, a total of 313.522 km2 of water turned into swamp and mudflat and 478.453 km2 of swamp and mudflat transitioned into vegetation, respectively. Elevation and temperature appeared to be the main factors affecting the regional wetland evolution in the dry season and should be considered in the management of Poyang Lake. The findings of this work provide detailed information for spatial–temporal landcover changes of Poyang Lake, which could help policymakers to formulate scientific and appropriate policies and achieve restoration of the Poyang Lake wetland.
49
Song, Xiaogang, Yu Jiang, Xinjian Shan, Wenyu Gong, and Chunyan Qu. "A Fine Velocity and Strain Rate Field of Present-Day Crustal Motion of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau Inverted Jointly by InSAR and GPS." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4 (February 20, 2019): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11040435.
Full textAbstract:
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from 6 Envisat ASAR descending tracks; spanning the 2003–2010 period; was used to measure interseismic strain accumulation across the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Mean line-of-sight (LOS) ratemaps are computed by stacking atmospheric-corrected and orbital-corrected interferograms. The ratemaps from one track with different atmospheric-corrected results or two parallel; partially overlapping tracks; show a consistent pattern of left-lateral motion across the fault; which demonstrates the MERIS and ECMWF atmospheric correction works satisfactorily for small stain measurement of this region; even with a limited number of interferograms. By combining the measurements of InSAR and GPS; a fine crustal deformation velocity and strain rate field was estimated on discrete points with irregular density depending on the fault location; which revealed that the present-day slip rate on the Haiyuan fault system varies little from west to east. A change (2–3 mm/year) in line-of-sight (LOS) deformation rate across the fault is observed from the Jinqianghe segment to its eastern end. Inversion from the cross-fault InSAR profiles gave a shallow locking depth of 3–6 km on the main rupture of the 1920 earthquake. We therefore infer that the middle-lower part of the seismogenic layer on the 1920 rupture is not yet fully locked since the 1920 large earthquake. Benefit from high spatial resolution InSAR data; a low strain accumulation zone with high strain rates on its two ends was detected; which corresponds to the creeping segment; i.e., the Laohushan fault segment. Contrary to the previous knowledge of squeezing structure; an abnormal tension zone is disclosed from the direction map of principal stress; which is consistent with the recent geological study. The distribution of principal stress also showed that the expanding frontier of the northeastern plateau has crossed the Liupan Shan fault zone; even arrived at the northeast area of the Xiaoguan Shan. This result agrees with the deep seismic reflection profile.
50
Tappin, D. R., P. Watts, and S. T. Grilli. "The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 2 (March 26, 2008): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-8-243-2008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Papua New Guinea (PNG) tsunami of July 1998 was a seminal event because it demonstrated that relatively small and relatively deepwater Submarine Mass Failures (SMFs) can cause devastating local tsunamis that strike without warning. There is a comprehensive data set that proves this event was caused by a submarine slump. Yet, the source of the tsunami has remained controversial. This controversy is attributed to several causes. Before the PNG event, it was questionable as to whether SMFs could cause devastating tsunamis. As a result, only limited modelling of SMFs as tsunami sources had been undertaken, and these excluded slumps. The results of these models were that SMFs in general were not considered to be a potential source of catastrophic tsunamis. To effectively model a SMF requires fairly detailed geological data, and these too had been lacking. In addition, qualitative data, such as evidence from survivors, tended to be disregarded in assessing alternative tsunami sources. The use of marine geological data to identify areas of recent submarine failure was not widely applied. The disastrous loss of life caused by the PNG tsunami resulted in a major investigation into the area offshore of the devastated coastline, with five marine expeditions taking place. This was the first time that a focussed, large-scale, international programme of marine surveying had taken place so soon after a major tsunami. It was also the first time that such a comprehensive data set became the basis for tsunami simulations. The use of marine mapping subsequently led to a larger involvement of marine geologists in the study of tsunamis, expanding the knowledge base of those studying the threat from SMF hazards. This paper provides an overview of the PNG tsunami and its impact on tsunami science. It presents revised interpretations of the slump architecture based on new seabed relief images and, using these, the most comprehensive tsunami simulation of the PNG event to date. Simulation results explain the measured runups to a high degree. The PNG tsunami has made a major impact on tsunami science. It is one of the most studied SMF tsunamis, yet it remains the only one known of its type: a slump.