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Tobing, Jeremia C. L., Suwarto, and Sopyan Zaman. "Optimum Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage for Composite and Hybrid Varieties of Maize." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 50, no. 2 (August 29, 2022): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v50i2.40199.
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Jagung di Indonesia perlu ditingkatkan produktivitasnya, diantaranya dengan penggunaan varietas unggul dan pemupukan yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk nitrogen yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung komposit dan hibrida. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi dengan varietas sebagai petak utama dan dosis pupuk nitrogen sebagai anak petak. Dua varietas jagung, Bisma (komposit) dan Pioneer 27 (hibrida) ditanam dan dipupuk dengan nitrogen dengan dosis 0, 67.5, 135, 202.5, dan 270 kg ha-1. Peningkatan dosis nitrogen hingga 270 kg ha-1 secara linier meningkatkan biomassa total, bobot tongkol dengan kelobot, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, diameter tongkol, bobot biji per tongkol, dan bobot biji per plot. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang tongkol menunjukkan respon kuadratik dengan dosis nitrogen optimum masing-masing 167.7, 174.0, dan 221.6 kg ha-1. Dosis 221.6 kg N ha-1 merupakan dosis optimum untuk mencapai produktivitas tinggi pada kedua varietas tersebut.
Kata kunci: bobot biomassa, bobot tongkol, diameter tongkol, dosis optimum, produktivitas
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Hohbein, Rainer, Peter G. Jones, Karen Meyer-Bäse, Einhard Schwarzmann, and George M. Sheldrick. "Untersuchungen am System Triphenylphosphingold(I)/Sulfat: Synthese und Röntgenstrukturanalyse von (Ph3PAu)2SO4 · CH3OH/ Studies of the System Triphenylphosphinegold(I)/Sulphate: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (Ph3PAu)2SO4 · CH3OH." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, no. 8 (August 1, 1985): 1029–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-0807.
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AbstractThe reaction between (triphenylphosphine)acetatogold(I) and concentrated sulphuric acid in methanol leads to (Ph3PAu)2SO4 (1) or [(Ph3PAu)3O]+ HSO4- , depending on the acid concentration. The crystal structure of the methanol solvate of (1) was determined [C2/c, a = 1348.3(2), b = 1451.0(2), c = 1853.8(3) pm, β = 99.90(2)°, Z = 4, R = 0.037 for 3138 unique observed reflections], 1 possesses crystallographic twofold symmetry, with Au -O 206.3, Au -P 221.6 pm. The corresponding selenate is isomorphous.
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Campinho Braga de Araújo Lima, Iana, ´´Italo Medeiros Azevedo, Keyla Borges Ferreira Rocha, and Aldo Cunha Medeiros. "EFFECT OF HYALURONIC ACID ON THE HEALING OF COLONIC ANASTOMOSIS IN RATS TREATED WITH CORTICOID." JOURNAL OF SURGICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 11, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20398/jscr.v11i2.23395.
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Objective: This study aimed at examining whether topical treatment of colon anastomosis with hyaluronic acid can influence the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats treated with systemic corticosteroid. Methods: Three groups of Wistar rats weighing 252 ± 7g were used, with six rats each, all submitted to anastomosis of the proximal colon: Group 1 - control rats, without treatment. Group 2 - rats treated with subcutaneous (s.c) corticosteroid, and topical application of 0.9% saline solution over the anastomosis. Group 3 - rats treated with corticosteroid s.c. and topical application of 0.4% hyaluronic acid (10 mg/ml) on colonic anastomosis. On the 7th postoperative day, under anesthesia and laparotomy, the anastomosis site was subjected to the determination of rupture pressure. Then, samples containing the anastomosis site were resected and fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Masson H-E and trichrome staining. Histometry evaluated the infiltration of inflammatory cells at the anastomosis site, using a numerical scale from 0 to 4. Continuous variables were assessed using the Tukey test. Differences considered significant with p<0.05. Results: All animals survived the experiments. There were no abscesses, fistulas and macroscopically detectable dehiscences in the anastomosis site. The weight of the animals on the 7th postoperative day showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the control (253.6±6.3g) and corticoid (221.6±15.4g) groups, as well as between the corticoid +. hyaluronic acid group (257.8±9.7g) and corticosteroids (221.6±15.4). There was no significant difference in the comparison between the control and corticoid + hyaluronic acid groups (p>0.05). In the analysis of intraluminal pressure of colonic anastomosis, there was a statistically significant difference when comparing groups 1 (286.8±9.9 mmHg) and 2 (155±6.0 mmHg), 1 (286.8±9,9 mmHg) and 3 (199.1±7.7) and 2 (155±6.0 mmHg) and 3 (199.1±7.7), with p<0.001 for all comparisons. Histopathological classification by the numerical scale: Group 1 - inflammatory response (H-E) grade 3 and collagen deposition by Masson Trichomic grade 1; Group 2 - inflammatory response (H-E) grade 4 and deposition of collagen and fibroblasts by Masson's Trichrome grade1\2; Group 3 - inflammatory response (H-E) grade 3 and deposition of collagen and fibroblasts by Masson's Trichrome grade 1\2. There was no significant difference between groups. Conclusion: The topical use of hyaluronic acid has a positive influence on the initial healing phase of colonic anastomosis in rats treated with systemic corticosteroid.
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Kim, Eun-Hee, Young-Eun Jang, Sang-Hwan Ji, Ji-Hyun Lee, Sung-Ae Cho, Jin-Tae Kim, Hyunyee Yoon, and Hee-Soo Kim. "Changes in Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Children Receiving Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Preliminary Randomized Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040662.
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We investigated changes in plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration during sevoflurane anesthesia induction in children < 3 years old and determined the effect of co-administering dexmedetomidine. This preliminary randomized trial included 60 pediatric patients who received sevoflurane anesthesia for >3 h. Patients were assigned to dexmedetomidine or control groups at a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was changes in plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration of dexmedetomidine and control groups over time. Fifty-five patients were included in the final analysis. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) of the plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein level was 387.7 (298.9–510.8) pg·mL−1 immediately after anesthetic induction, 302.6 (250.9–412.5) pg·mL−1 at 30 min, and 321.9 (233.8–576.2) pg·mL−1 at 180 min after the first sample. These values did not change over time (p = 0.759). However, plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein increased after 180 min of infusion of dexmedetomidine compared with values at 30 min infusion (p = 0.04, mean difference and 95% confidence interval of 221.6 and 2.2 to 441.0 pg·mL−1). In conclusion, three hours of sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients < 3 years old did not provoke neuronal injury assessed by the plasma biomarker. Further studies regarding the effect of prolonged dexmedetomidine infusion on anesthetic neuronal injury are required.
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Zolotova, E. A., O. S. Melnichnikova, M. A. Simakova, Y. I. Zhilenkova, O. V. Sirotkina, and T. V. Vavilova. "Analysis of inter-individual variation and reference intervals of thrombin generation test indicators using different technologies." Translational Medicine 9, no. 5 (December 28, 2022): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2022-9-5-78-86.
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Background. The thrombin generation test (TGT) as an integral method for analyzing the activation cascade of natural pro- and anticoagulants is of practical importance in assessing the risk of thrombotic conditions and bleeding, however its application is limited by the lack of standardization. Objective. To define reference intervals within the laboratory and assess inter-individual variation in TGT values for different technologies. Design and methods. The study included 20 donors. TGT was performed using two technologies: a calibrated automated thrombogram on a semi-automatic fluorometer (Technology 1) and automatic measurement of GT on a coagulometer (Technology 2). Obtained results were normalized to pooled normal plasma. Results. Thrombogram parameters showed a high CVG (coefficient of interindividual variation): 14–32 % for Technology 1 and 7–36 % for Technology 2. CVG did not change significantly after normalization. Significant differences in ETP (endogenous thrombin potential) were noted. The reference intervals for Technology 1 were: ETR 1478.0–2595.0 nmol/ min and peak thrombin concentration (Peak thr.) 221.6–412.0 nmol. RI for Technology 2: ETP 2451.00–3161.00 nmol/min and Peak thr. 161.60–479.30 nmol. Conclusion. Comparison of the two laboratory TGT technologies revealed high inter-individual variation. Thus, the use of a study in dynamics for each specific individual is likely to be more informative than the use of RI obtained in the general population. Dynamic monitoring of the patient must be performed using one technology.
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WALLING, IMKONGSUNEP. "Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10133.
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A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, Nagaland during rabi season of 2019-2020 to study the response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management.The 12 treatments were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Results revealed that application of different levels of fertilizes and organic manures either alone or in combination significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli as compared to control. Application of full dose of RDF exhibited maximum plant height (50.3 cm), number of leaves (18.2), stem diameter (20.7 mm), plant spread (69.2 cm), ascorbic acid content (60.9 mg 100-1 g), protein content in head (1.58%) and yield (8.20 t ha-1). However, these parameters were found statistically at par with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. There was a significant build up of organic carbon and available nutrients in post harvest soil with INM practices and maximum values of organic carbon (19.0 g kg-1), available P (20.9 kg ha-1) were recorded and available K (171.2 kg ha-1) with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. While maximum value of available nitrogen (221.6 kg ha-1) in post harvest soil was recorded with full dose of RDF as inorganics. The highest net return (Rs. 1,96,145.51)along with benefit: cost ratio (2.16) were recorded in full dose of RDF followed by poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF with net return of Rs.1,81220.35 and cost benefit ratio of 1.90.
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WALLING, IMKONGSUNEP. "Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management." ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10133.
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A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, Nagaland during rabi season of 2019-2020 to study the response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management.The 12 treatments were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Results revealed that application of different levels of fertilizes and organic manures either alone or in combination significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli as compared to control. Application of full dose of RDF exhibited maximum plant height (50.3 cm), number of leaves (18.2), stem diameter (20.7 mm), plant spread (69.2 cm), ascorbic acid content (60.9 mg 100-1 g), protein content in head (1.58%) and yield (8.20 t ha-1). However, these parameters were found statistically at par with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. There was a significant build up of organic carbon and available nutrients in post harvest soil with INM practices and maximum values of organic carbon (19.0 g kg-1), available P (20.9 kg ha-1) were recorded and available K (171.2 kg ha-1) with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. While maximum value of available nitrogen (221.6 kg ha-1) in post harvest soil was recorded with full dose of RDF as inorganics. The highest net return (Rs. 1,96,145.51)along with benefit: cost ratio (2.16) were recorded in full dose of RDF followed by poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF with net return of Rs.1,81220.35 and cost benefit ratio of 1.90.
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Tamura, K., and H. Endou. "Contribution of purine nucleotide cycle to intranephron ammoniagenesis in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 255, no. 6 (December 1, 1988): F1122—F1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1988.255.6.f1122.
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To evaluate the contribution of the purine nucleotide cycle (PNC) in renal ammoniagenesis, ammonia production (AP) in cortical tubular suspensions and microdissected nephron segments of control and acidotic rats was determined using various amino acids, including glutamine (Gln) and aspartate (Asp). In the cortical tubular suspensions, the best substrate for ammoniagenesis was Gln (153.1 +/- 19.4 nmol.mg protein-1.15 min-1) followed by Asp (70.9 +/- 11.4). Metabolic acidosis resulted in a significant increase of AP only from Gln (316.5 +/- 36.1 nmol.mg protein-1.15 min-1, P less than 0.01 vs. control). Intranephron distribution of AP (pmol/mm or a glomerulus/15 min) from Gln showed that the first segment of the proximal tubule (S1) was highest in control (95.7 +/- 9.0), and its AP markedly increased in acidosis (221.6 +/- 8.3, P less than 0.001 vs. control). The most interesting and striking finding was that with Asp as a substrate, AP was maximal in S1 (165.0 +/- 32.8), with a value exceeding that from Gln. An adenylosuccinase inhibitor, 6-mercaptopurine (0.1 mM), significantly inhibited AP from Asp in S1 and S3, and from Gln in S1. On the contrary, a specific inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, 3-mercaptopicolinate (0.1 mM), caused a significant decrease of AP from Gln, but not from Asp, in S1. From these results it could be concluded that AP via PNC can occur at high rates, especially in S1, only when Asp is present at high concentrations.
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Porschen, Anne, Pramod Kadaba Srinivasan, Junji Iwasaki, Mamdouh Afify, and René H. Tolba. "Optimal Timing for Venous Systemic Oxygen Persufflation Supplemented with Nitric Oxide Gas in Cold-Stored, Warm Ischemia-Damaged Experimental Liver Grafts." European Surgical Research 57, no. 1-2 (2016): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000445682.
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Background/Aim: Worldwide shortage of donor organs has increased the use of donation after cardiac death (DCD). The aim of this study was to analyze the best time point for venous systemic oxygen persufflation (VSOP) supplemented with nitric oxide (NO) gas during the 1st and 24th hour of cold storage (CS) in warm ischemia (WI)-damaged experimental liver grafts. Materials and Methods: Liver grafts (n = 5) were retrieved after 30 min of WI induced by cardiac arrest and CS in histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution at 4°C. The 1st hour group was immediately persufflated with a VSOP plus NO (VSOP+NO) mixture for 1 h followed by 23 h of static CS (DCD+NO 1st hour). The 24th hour group entailed CS for 23 h followed by 1 h of VSOP+NO persufflation (DCD+NO 24th hour). CS livers without WI but with VSOP served as controls. CS livers with WI represented the fourth group (DCD). Viability of the liver grafts was assessed by normothermic isolated reperfusion for 45 min with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer. Results: Data are presented as mean ± SEM (control vs. DCD vs. DCD+NO 1st hour vs. DCD+NO 24th hour). After 45 min of reperfusion, the DCD+NO 1st hour group showed significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase (13.4 ± 5.3, 63.2 ± 17.3, 25.6 ± 3.9, and 82.8 ± 27.3 U/l) and lactate dehydrogenase levels (289.4 ± 41.2, 2,139.4 ± 542.7, 577.2 ± 117.2, and 2,429 ± 221.6 U/l). Malondialdehyde levels were significantly abrogated (1.0 ± 0.3, 2.7 ± 1, 1.0 ± 0, and 3.9 ± 1.2 nmol/ml). Significantly higher levels of portal venous pressure were recorded in the DCD+NO 24th hour group (12.0 ± 1, 21.2 ± 3.1, 16.1 ± 1, and 23.2 ± 3.5 mm Hg). NO levels were recorded after 5 min of reperfusion (1.42 ± 0.17, 1.8 ± 0.2, 2.7 ± 0.2, and 2.6 ± 0.1 μmol/l). Bile production levels showed no statistical significance (23.2 ± 3.8, 27.3 ± 1.8, 43.5 ± 18, and 31 ± 2.5 μl/45 min). Conclusion: Our results present the beneficial effects of NO combined with VSOP during the 1st hour of CS of WI-damaged experimental liver grafts.
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Toto, Lisa, Federica Evangelista, Pasquale Viggiano, Emanuele Erroi, Giada D’Onofrio, Daniele Libertini, Annamaria Porreca, et al. "Changes in Ocular Blood Flow after Ranibizumab Intravitreal Injection for Diabetic Macular Edema Measured Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy." BioMed Research International 2020 (February 10, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9496242.
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Purpose. To evaluate the effects of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment on the blood flow of the optic nerve head (ONH) and of retinal vessels of the peripapillary region of eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) assessed using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG). Methods. Forty eyes of 30 patients treated with IVR for DME were included in this prospective clinical study. Mean blur rate (MBR) and relative flow volume (RFV) of the ONH and of a superior retinal artery and an inferior retinal vein of the peripapillary region were measured using LSFG at baseline, 2 weeks (T1), and 1 month (T2) after IVR injection. In addition, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were measured in all cases. Results. The BCVA improved and CRT decreased significantly during the follow-up period (p<0.010). MBR-related parameters of the ONH such as MBR of all area (MA), MBR of vascular area (MV), and MBR of tissue area (MT) decreased significantly at 2 weeks after IVR compared to baseline values (MA, p=0.046; MT, p=0.023; MV, p=0.025), with no significant change at T2 compared to T1. MBR of the retinal artery and vein changed significantly at 2 weeks after IVR and did not change significantly thereafter (p=0.004 and p=0.01, respectively). The median of RFV of the 2 vessels was 269.5 (221.6–285.5) and 306.8 (285.6–372.4) at baseline and 199.7 (152.4–204.7) and 259.1 (140.9–336.8) at 4 weeks, respectively (p=0.292 and p=0.002, respectively). Blowout time changed significantly in ONH from 47.6 (44.2–50.2) at baseline to 54.4 (46.8–65.3) at 1 month after IVR (p=0.001). Conclusion. IVR injection leads to a reduction of ocular blood flow both in the ONH and in the retinal peripapillary vessels associated with peripapillary vessel constriction. The reduction of CRT and related improvement of vision may be related to the changes in ocular blood flow.
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Metwally, Fadia H., B. A. Elzeany, and H. W. Darwish. "New Methods for Determination of Cinnarizine in Mixture with Piracetam by Spectrodensitometry, Spectrophotometry, and Liquid Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 6 (September 1, 2005): 1666–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1666.
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Abstract Four new methods were developed and validated for the determination of cinnarizine HCl in its binary mixture with piracetam in pure and pharmaceutical preparations. The first one was a densitometric analysis that provides a simple and rapid method for the separation and quantification of cinnarizine HCl. The method depends on the quantitative densitometric evaluation of thin-layer chromatograms of cinnarizine HCl at 252 nm over concentration range of 1–6 μg/spot, with a mean accuracy of 100.05 ± 0.91%. The second method was determination of the drug using a colorimetric method that utilizes the reaction of 3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-one in the presence of FeCl3 as an oxidant. The green color of the resulting product was measured at 630 nm over concentration range 10–40 μg/mL, with a mean accuracy of 100.10 ± 1.13%. The third method was a direct spectrophotometric determination of cinnarizine HCl at 252 nm over the concentration range 7–20 μg/mL, while piracetam was determined by derivative ratio spectrophotometry at 221.6 nm over concentration range 5–30 μg/mL, with a mean accuracy of 100.14 ± 0.79 and 100.26 ± 1.24% for cinnarizine HCl and piracetam, respectively. The last method was a liquid chromatography analysis of both cinnarizine HCl and piracetam, depending on quantitative evaluation of chromatograms of cinnarizine HCl and piracetam at 252 and 212 nm, respectively, over the concentration range 10–200 μg/mL for cinnarizine HCl and 20–500 μg/mL for piracetam, with a mean accuracy of 100.03 ± 0.89 and 100.40 ± 0.94% for cinnarizine HCl and piracetam, respectively. The proposed procedures were checked using laboratory-prepared mixtures and successfully applied for the analysis of their pharmaceutical preparations. The validity of the proposed procedures was further assessed by applying the standard addition technique. Recoveries were quantitative, and the results obtained agreed with those obtained by other reported methods.
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Chen, Lei, Jia Zhu, Hong Liao, Yi Gao, Yulu Qiu, Meigen Zhang, Zirui Liu, Nan Li, and Yuesi Wang. "Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region using process analysis." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 16 (August 28, 2019): 10845–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10845-2019.
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Abstract. Fine-particle pollution associated with haze threatens human health, especially in the North China Plain region, where extremely high PM2.5 concentrations are frequently observed during winter. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model coupled with an improved integrated process analysis scheme was used to investigate the formation and evolution mechanisms of a haze event over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region in December 2015; this included an examination of the contributions of local emissions and regional transport to the PM2.5 concentration in the BTH area, and the contributions of each detailed physical or chemical process to the variations in the PM2.5 concentration. The mechanisms influencing aerosol radiative forcing (including aerosol direct and indirect effects) were also examined by using process analysis. During the aerosol accumulation stage (16–22 December, Stage 1), the near-surface PM2.5 concentration in the BTH region increased from 24.2 to 289.8 µg m−3, with the contributions of regional transport increasing from 12 % to 40 %, while the contribution of local emissions decreased from 59 % to 38 %. During the aerosol dispersion stage (23–27 December, Stage 2), the average concentration of PM2.5 was 107.9 µg m−3, which was contributed by local emissions (51 %) and regional transport (24 %). The 24 h change (23:00 minus 00:00 LST) in the near-surface PM2.5 concentration was +43.9 µg m−3 during Stage 1 and −41.5 µg m−3 during Stage 2. The contributions of aerosol chemistry, advection, and vertical mixing to the 24 h change were +29.6 (+17.9) µg m−3, −71.8 (−103.6) µg m−3, and −177.3 (−221.6) µg m−3 during Stage 1 (Stage 2), respectively. Small differences in the contributions of other processes were found between Stage 1 and Stage 2. Therefore, the PM2.5 increase over the BTH region during the haze formation stage was mainly attributed to strong production by the aerosol chemistry process and weak removal by the advection and vertical mixing processes. When aerosol radiative feedback was considered, the 24 h PM2.5 increase was enhanced by 4.8 µg m−3 during Stage 1, which could be mainly attributed to the contributions of the vertical mixing process (+22.5 µg m−3), the advection process (−19.6 µg m−3), and the aerosol chemistry process (+1.2 µg m−3). The restrained vertical mixing was the primary reason for the enhancement in the near-surface PM2.5 increase when aerosol radiative forcing was considered.
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Guo, Haixia. "Novel Pathogenic Genes and Rare Mutations of Congenital Factor V Deficiency: A Case Report." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 4920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-126350.
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Background: Congenital factor V (FV) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder associated with mild to severe bleeding symptoms, with an estimated prevalence of 1/1 000 000 in homozygotes. So far, a total of 56 mutations have been issued, rendering severe or moderately severe FV deficiency; of which, over two-thirds are nonsense mutations (mainly responsible for reducing FV expression), and the rest are missense mutations (which usually impair the secretion of FV). Case Description: We report a 4-year-old female who was admitted for blood coagulation dysfunction for over a month. More than a month ago, she received oral 1/3 tablets of "Compound Aminopyrine Phenacetin Tablets" because of fever and cough, but difficult-to-control epistaxis occurred about 10 minutes later. Blood tests from other hospitals showed that her prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) values were 62.1 s and 221.6 s, respectively, and determined the blood coagulation factors II, VII, and X to be 63%, 34%, and 68%, respectively. What's more, multiple administrations of human prothrombin complex and vitamin K1 intravenous infusion did not significantly improve her coagulation function. Results of the lupus anticoagulants (LA) primary screening and confirmation test in our hospital were 159.5 s and 102.0 s, respectively, with a ratio of 1.6; blood coagulation factor II, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII activity were 87.2%, 57.7%, 60.6%, 50.4%, 76.1%, 61.5%, and 33.3%, respectively, while the FV activity (FV:C) level was quite low (1.6%). In addition, no abnormalities were detected in her thyroid function, anti-streptolysin O (ASO), autoimmune antibody markers, T cell subsets, serum immunoglobulin G4 levels, coagulation FV and its inhibitor levels, and humoral immune combinations. Therefore, we first ruled out the possibility of systemic lupus erythematosus. Furthermore, DNA sequence analysis identified a missense point mutation of the FV gene (NM_000130: exon23: c.C6304T: p.R2102C), a pathogenic site suggested by the ClinVar database. Given the characteristics of heterozygotes, we suspected that there was another mutation site, most likely a compound heterozygous mutation, 2 sites from parents, causing the patient pathogenic(Table 1). Then we examined the above-mentioned gene mutation sites of her parents and sisters, and confirmed her double heterozygote of R2102C missense point mutation and I1740fs frameshift mutation site was indeed from father and mother, respectively(Figure 1). Conclusion: In summary, this case report sheds light on rare mutations at 3 sites in FV gene. However, the pathogenic R2102C site identified by ClinVar, together with the I1740fs frameshift mutation site, has not been reported in the literature. On one hand, R2102 occurs in the functional structural region of FV gene, predicting the protein function detrimental, thus considered to be a pathogenic site(Figure 2); on the other hand, since frameshift mutations greatly affect gene function, probably also leading to disease in patients. This is extremely rare. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bergamino Sirvén, Milana, Elena Lopez-Knowles, Xixuan Zhu, Holly Tovey, Hui Xiao, Lucy Kilburn, Anastasia Alataki, et al. "Molecular profiling after short-term preoperative endocrine therapy to identify oestrogen receptor positive (ER+)/HER2+ early breast tumours with favourable prognosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2024): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.560.
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560 Background: The impeded anti-proliferative response of Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) HER2+ breast cancer (BC) to endocrine therapy (ET) has been considered negated by treatment with anti-HER2 therapies but residual disease after anti-HER2 therapy remains at risk of recurrence. Studying the molecular changes (MolC) of ER+HER2+ BC in response to ET will provide clinical insights to treatment options. Methods: POETIC was a phase III trial of post-menopausal patients with ER+ BC randomized 2:1 to 2-weeks of peri-operative aromatase inhibitors (POAI) vs control, followed by standard-of-care. Paired pre-treatment (B) and on-treatment (2wk) samples from 313 ER+HER2+ BC (213 POAI/100 controls) were gene expression profiled (BC 360 codeset; NanoString). Association of MolC with Early biological response to AI was assessed by residual Ki672wk (low ≤10%; high >10%) by T-test, multiple testing corrected by Benjamini & Hochberg (FDR); with time to recurrence (TTR) was estimated using multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for post-surgery clinicopathological variables and age as adjuvant treatment surrogate. Results: In POAI tumours, immunity-related signatures and mammary stemness were significantly upregulated in responders while proliferation, DNA-damage repair (DDR), TP53mutational status and ER-signaling were downregulated (FDR<0.05). Controls had exclusive downregulation of PDL1 and upregulation of hypoxia (FDR < 0.05). We previously identified 5 new molecular subgroups based on baseline gene expression (1- Immune high, ESR1 low; 2- ECM, ESR1 low, highest ERBB2; 3- DDR deficiency, 4- Endocrine signalling high and 5- Endocrine and PI3K/MAPK/RAS signalling high) which were associated with different response to AI and differential outcome. Endocrine-signalling, PI3K/MAPK/RAS signalling, tumour-immunity and chemokines were upregulated at a higher magnitude in AI sensitive subgroups (3 and 4) while the molecular subgroup with early resistance to AI and poorer outcome at baseline (2) did not show significant changes. Intrinsic subtype (IS) shifting was significantly more prevalent in treated (37%, 79/213) than in controls (14%, 14/100) (p <0.001). In POAI most Luminal B (LumB) shifted to Luminal A (LumA; 79%, 59/75), driven by a reduction in proliferation. LumA2wk was associated with better outcome compared to LumB2wk (HR 0.2; CI95% 0.06-0.72, p=0.01). IS2wk provides additional information predicting TTR, than ISB (AIC value = 217.2 vs 221.6). Conclusions: We provide a comprehensive picture on how ER+HER2+ BC gene expression profile changes in response to ET. Most LumB BC shift to LumA, being LumA2wk IS significantly associated with better outcome. There is a clinical utility of peri-operative ET for ER+HER2+ BC, guiding who would have good prognosis for adjuvant ET and who may need additional therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02338310 .
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Torres, L., C. Jonsson, B. Eliasson, H. Forsblad-D’elia, A. Bilberg, I. Gjertsson, I. Larsson, and E. Klingberg. "POS1064 SERUM BIOMARKERS BEFORE AND AFTER A SIX MONTHS STRUCTURED WEIGHT LOSS INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AND OBESITY COMPARED WITH CONTROLS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 811.3–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.999.
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Background:Obesity is highly overrepresented in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and associated with increased disease activity. We have previously shown in 41 patients with PsA (Caspar criteria) and obesity (here body mass index BMI ≥33 kg/m2) that weight loss treatment including Very Low Energy Liquid Diet (VLED) resulted in a median weight loss of 18.6% and concomitantly a significant improvement in CRP and disease activity in joints, entheses and skin at six months (M6) follow up.Objectives:To analyze serum biomarkers associated with inflammation, cartilage and bone metabolism before and after weight loss treatment in PsA patients compared with controls, without PsA or psoriasis, matched for age, sex and weight.Methods:The weight loss treatment included VLED (640 kcal/day) during 12 or 16 weeks (depending on baseline (BL) BMI <40 or ≥40 kg/m2), followed by a structured reintroduction of an energy restricted diet. cs/bDMARDs were held unchanged from 3 months before BL until M6. The patients were assessed with 66/68 joints counts.Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), S100A8, S100A9, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3, 8 and 13), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), Dickkopf (DKK)-1, sclerostin (SOST), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), osteprotegerin (OPG) and aggrecan were measured at BL and M6 in PsA patients and controls with Magnetic Luminex Assays (R&D-systems) following the manufacturer’s instructions using a Bio-Plex 200 system (BioRad). Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) (R&D-systems), carboxyterminal telopeptide of type-1 collagen (CTX-1) (Immunodiagnostics systems: IDS) and osteocalcin (IDS) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:Totally 41 PsA patients [age median 54 (IQR 48-62) yrs; 63 % women] and 39 controls [age 55 (46-60) yrs, 72 % women] were included. At M6 the weight-loss since BL was 18.7 (14.6-26.5) kg in the PsA patients and 22.6 (14.7-28.4) kg in the controls (p=0.546). Significant reductions in DAS28CRP [2.9 (2.1–3.7) vs. 2.4 (1.7–3.0)] and DAPSA [15.3(6.6-29.1) vs. 11.0 (2.8–17.6)] (p<0.001) were seen in the PsA patients.At BL serum levels of the biomarkers were not significantly different in patients vs. controls.After weight-loss significant reductions were seen in serum VEGF, S100A8, MMP-8, HGF, BAFF, COMP and DKK-1, whereas serum SOST and CTX-1 were significantly increased in both patients and controls (Table 1). The other biomarkers were not significantly changed.Conclusion:Weight loss in patients with PsA and controls was associated with lowered serum levels of several biomarkers related to inflammation and cartilage degradation, along with increased levels of biomarkers for bone turnover.Table 1.PsA (N=41)BL median (IQR)PsA (N=41)M6 median (IQR)PsAp-valueCtrl (N=39)BL median (IQR)Ctrl (N=39)M6 median (IQR)Ctrlp-valueBMI (kg/m2)35.2 (34.1-38.1)29.8 (26.6-31.5)<0.00137.7 (36.7–41.5)30.4 (27.9–33.2)<0.001CRP (mg/L)4 (2–8.5)2 (1–6.5)0.0414 (2–6)2 (1–4)<0.001VEGF (pg/mL)79.6 (55.9–113.5)69.6 (53.1–105.3)0.01082.3 (48.0–125.9)65.0 (42.2-85.5)<0.001S100A8 (pg/mL)75.5 (48.0–99.5)63.3 (42.8–93.6)0.02171.8 (40.5–101.0)63.3 (40.3-85.7)0.006MMP-8 (pg/mL)9975.4(6811.8–14154.8)9202.6(5767.1–12049.6)0.0177494.7(4805.2-12616.9)7218.3(3466.0-9785.3)0.112HGF (pg/mL)327.9 (250.3–413.6)271.3 (206.9–331.0)<0.001307.9 (239.1–348.3)239.8 (200.3-276.0)<0.001BAFF (pg/mL)794.4 (716.4–868.2)674.6 (613.2–790.5)<0.001760.8 (664.1–827.3)678.1 (603.7–719.8)<0.001COMP (pg/mL)266.1 (209.8–366.0)217.0 (156.0–272.0)0.008293.6 (185.2–340.5)221.6 (163.5-300.0)0.018Dkk-1 (pg/mL)3608.4(3055.0–4401.3)3382.6(2802.5–4218.2)0.0023635.8(3212.8-4380.6)3480.4(2948.9–4087.3)0.007SOST (pg/mL)52.9 (32.5–65.4)60.3 (37.2–85.6)0.01450.0 (30.8–79.3)61.3(35.7–81.4)0.019CTX-1 (ng/mL)0.27 (0.20–0.39)0.51 (0.35–0.64)<0.0010.23 (0.16–0.34)0.50(0.30–0.61)<0.001Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Tomaso-Peterson, M., and C. J. Balbalian. "First Report of Bipolaris oryzae Causing Leaf Spot of Switchgrass in Mississippi." Plant Disease 94, no. 5 (May 2010): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-5-0643a.
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‘Alamo’ switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seedlings growing in a soilless mix exhibiting dark brown, irregular-shaped foliar lesions with black borders were submitted to the Mississippi State University Plant Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in the summer of 2009 from a local forest products company. Symptomatic tissues were plated onto water agar (WA) and incubated for 21 days on a laboratory bench top with a 12-h photoperiod at 22°C. An asexual, sporulating, dematiaceous hyphomycete identified as Bipolaris oryzae (Breda de Haan) Shoemaker was observed. Conidiophores were single, mostly straight, multiseptate, brown, and ranging from 138 to 306 × 7.7 to 15.3 μm and averaged 221.6 × 10.7 μm. Conidia were golden brown, multiseptate, ranging from 3 to 10 septa, straight to slightly curved to fusoid, wider midway, and tapering toward the terminal cells. Conidia measured 40.8 to 109.7 × 10.2 to 20.4 μm and averaged 75.8 × 13.8 μm. Morphological characteristics of B. oryzae were similar to those described by Drechsler (1) and Sivanesan (3). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA from four pure culture colonies derived from single conidia was amplified by PCR using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The resultant 572 bp was sequenced for isolates 86 through 89 (GenBank Accession Nos. GU222690–93). The sequences were 99% similar to the sequence of B. oryzae strain ATCC-MYA 3330 (GenBank No. FJ746665) isolated from P. virgatum. Pathogenicity of isolates 86 and 88 was confirmed by inoculating sterile potting mix with a fungal slurry. Sterile Alamo switchgrass seeds were sown into the infested soil in Magenta boxes and incubated for 6 weeks in a growth chamber with a 14-h photoperiod at 30°C. Leaf lesions and leaf blight were observed in seedling stands growing in B. oryzae-infested soil. Lesions were excised and plated onto WA. Sporulation of B. oryzae was observed on symptomatic tissue. In the interim, 300 nonsterilized Alamo switchgrass seeds of the same seed lot as the original symptomatic seedlings and originating from Oklahoma were plated onto WA (10 seed per plate). The seeds were incubated on the bench top as previously described. The experiment was repeated and B. oryzae colonized 1.4% of the total switchgrass seeds evaluated, indicating seed transmission and subsequent seedling infection as previously observed in the original seedlings. Leaf spot, caused by B. oryzae, was first reported as a new disease of switchgrass in North Dakota (2). In the summer of 2009, the authors observed leaf spot in four cultivars of switchgrass, including Alamo, growing in research plots in Webster County, MS. Twenty-two isolates of B. oryzae were recovered from diseased leaves of these switchgrass cultivars. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. oryzae causing leaf spot of switchgrass in Mississippi, which broadens the natural distribution of this disease. References: (1) C. Drechlser. J. Agric. Res. 24:641, 1923. (2) J. M. Krupinsky et al. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 26:371, 2004. (3) A. Sivanesan. Mycol. Pap. 158:201, 1987.
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Kamao, Hiroyuki, Erika Mitsui, Yuto Date, Katsutoshi Goto, Kenichi Mizukawa, and Atsushi Miki. "The Effect of a Loading Dose Regimen in the Switch to Brolucizumab for Patients with Aflibercept-Resistant nAMD." Journal of Ophthalmology 2024 (January 30, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3673930.
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Purpose. To evaluate the one-year outcomes of switching to brolucizumab with and without a loading dose regimen (three monthly injections) in eyes with aflibercept-resistant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods. We retrospectively studied nAMD patients who had retinal exudate under bimonthly injections of aflibercept and were switched to brolucizumab from aflibercept. Patients were grouped into intravitreal brolucizumab injection (IVBr) with a loading dose regimen (loading group) and without a loading dose regimen (nonloading group). We assessed the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) at the fovea, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), IVBr status (number of injections and last injection interval), and retinal exudate status on optical coherence tomography. Results. Overall, 52 eyes received ≥1 IVBr; 26 eyes received ≥3 IVBr with 12-month follow-up. A total of 13 eyes in the loading group and 13 eyes in the nonloading group were reviewed. One year after switching, BCVA changed from 0.28 ± 0.25 to 0.19 ± 0.28 in the loading group (P=0.28) and from 0.25 ± 0.20 to 0.23 ± 0.25 in the nonloading group (P=0.92). The mean CRT decreased from 263.6 ± 40.7 µm to 221.7 ± 54.6 µm in the loading group (P=0.03), while it only changed from 244.9 ± 77.2 µm to 221.0 ± 78.7 µm in the nonloading group (P=0.26). Both the loading and nonloading groups achieved 69% dry macula. The number of injections received was significantly higher in the loading group (7.6 ± 0.6 vs. 6.8 ± 0.4, P < 0.001). Two patients (4.2%) developed intraocular inflammation. Conclusion. Switching to brolucizumab from aflibercept for eyes with nAMD with resistance to bimonthly injections of aflibercept is a valuable treatment option with and without the loading regimen. This trial is registered with UMIN000023676.
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Schabert, Martin, and Gerhardt Pausewang. "Darstellung, Kristallstruktur und spektroskopische Daten von Rb2VOF4 / Preparation, Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Data of Rb2VOF4." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, no. 11 (November 1, 1985): 1437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-1104.
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Crystals of Rb2VOF4 have been obtained under hydrothermal conditions. The crystal structure (orthorhombic, space group Pnma, a = 759.9(2) pm. b = 579.1(2) pm, c = 1193.8(4) pm, Z = 4, dc = 3.96 gcm-3, dm = 3.90 gcm-3, R = 0.019 for 655 independent reflections) shows infinite zig-zag-chains of VOF5-octahedra along the b-axis, linked by cis-bridging F-atoms. Despite of orientational disorder, clear evidence for a trans-effect could be established: d(V−O) 165.8(2), d(V−Ftrans brjdge) 221.1(1), d(V−Fcis bridge) 203.6(1), d(V-Fterminal) 185.2(2), 187.8(2), 193.2(2) pm.
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Nguyen, Mai Khoa Ha, Hai Xuan Nguyen, Nhan Trung Nguyen, and Mai Thi Thanh Nguyen. "Total Polyphenol contents of An Giang medicinal plants." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i2.1309.
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Total polyphenol content of 90 medicinal plants from Seven-Mountain area, Tinh Bien district, An Giang province was determined by photometric method with Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The results showed that 7 samples have more than 200 mg GAE g-1, 22 samples from 100 to 200 mg GAE g-1, 35 sample from 50 to 100 mg GAE g-1, and 26 samples lower 50 mg GAE g-1 respectively. Seven extracts which contained highest polyphenol were stem of Morus alba, leaves of Euphorbia thymifolia, leaves of Excoecaria cochinchinensis, stem of Combretum latifolium, bark of Anogeissus acuminata, stem of Spatholobus parviflorus, and stem of Tetrastigma erubescens with polyphenol contents of 300.0, 281.4, 262.0, 244.6, 237.8, 221.2 and 220.0 mg GAE g-1, respectively.
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Mündt, Otto, Heinz Riffel, Gerd Becker, and Arndt Simon. "Element–Element-Bindungen, IV. Molekül-und Kristallstruktur des Tetramethyldiphosphans und -diarsans /Element–Element Bonds, IV. Molecular and Crystal Structure of Tetramethyldiphosphane and -diarsane." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 8 (August 1, 1988): 952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-0807.
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Abstract The molecular and crystal structures of the isotypic compounds tetramethyldiphosphane 1 and -diarsane 2 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (monoclinic; C2/m; Z = 2; 1/2: -155/-144 °C\a = 540.6(2)/555.8(2); b = 1131.0(6)/l 136.7(6); c -602.5(2)/612.8(2) pm;β = 97.31(3)/95.24(3)°;P-P 221.2(1)/As-As 242.9(1) pm). In accordance with the crystallographically imposed symmetry 2/m, the molecules adopt antiperiplanar conformation. Their crystal structures are closely related to those of the homologues tetramethyldistibane 3 [1] and -dibismuthane 4 [3]. As found for the latter compounds, the E -E units (E = P, As) are also aligned in linear chains, but the intermolecular E···E contacts (P···P 381/As···As 370 pm) do not allow any extended interaction between molecules, which otherwise would result in thermochromic effects.
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Ebrahimi, Ramin, Elizabeth M. Yano, Carlos A. Alvarez, Paul A. Dennis, A. Laurie Shroyer, Jean C. Beckham, and Jennifer A. Sumner. "Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in US Women Veterans vs Civilians." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 10 (October 30, 2023): e2340242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40242.
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ImportanceCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US. Women veterans have higher rates of CVD compared with civilian US women; however, analyses of recent trends in mortality from cardiac disease for women veterans are lacking.ObjectiveTo investigate trends in cardiac disease mortality among women veterans over approximately the past 2 decades and compare rates with those for civilian women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective longitudinal cohort study, US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health record data, linked with the National Death Index, were analyzed for CVD trends and rates of cardiac disease mortality among women veterans (aged 18 years or older) with VHA health care encounters from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2017. These data were compared with a national cohort of civilian women (aged 15 years or older) in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, which provides cause-of-death data using death certificates for all US residents. The data analysis was performed between March 10, 2021, and November 28, 2022.ExposureCardiac disease mortality among women veterans and civilian women.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCardiac disease mortality was based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnostic codes (I00-I09, I11, I13, and I20-I51 as defined by CDC WONDER). For women veterans and civilian women, crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates (per 100 000 life-years) and 95% CIs were calculated, with the 2000 US general population as the reference for age-adjusted rates.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2017, 817 912 women veterans engaged with VHA health care (mean [SD] age, 45.7 [17.1] years), and 19 022 cardiac disease deaths were identified (22.4% of total deaths). The crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates, respectively, per 100 000 life-years were 200.2 (95% CI, 181.0-221.0) and 197.6 (95% CI, 175.2-222.0) in 2000 and 196.0 (95% CI, 186.1-206.4) and 208.1 (95% CI, 196.4-220.4) in 2017, reflecting stable crude rates and a 5.3% increase in age-adjusted rates. For civilian women, the crude and age-adjusted rates decreased over time from 320.7 (95% CI, 319.7-321.8) and 268.1 (95% CI, 267.3-269.0) in 2000 to 220.9 (95% CI, 220.1-221.7) and 164.7 (95% CI, 164.1-165.3) in 2017.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study comparing women veterans and civilian women, cardiac disease mortality rates for women veterans did not exhibit the improvements seen for civilian women during the nearly 2-decade study period. Further research and actionable clinical interventions are warranted to improve cardiovascular care for women veterans, who represent the fastest growing group of patients within the VHA health care system.
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Albrecht, Ralf, Phil Liebing, Uwe Morgenstern, Christoph Wagner, and Kurt Merzweiler. "Ni(II) complexes with thioether-functionalized silylamide ligands. Synthesis and crystal structures of [Ni{Me2Si(N-C6H4-2-S-t-Bu)2}], [Ni{Ph2Si(N-C6H4-2-SMe)2}] and [Ni{Ph2Si(N-C6H4-2-SPh)2}]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 74, no. 2 (February 25, 2019): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2018-0263.
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AbstractThioether-functionalized aminosilanes R2Si(NH-C6H4-2-SR′)2 with R=Me, Ph and R′=t-Bu, Me, Ph were synthesized from the corresponding dichlorosilanes R2SiCl2 and lithiated aniline derivatives LiNH-C6H4-2-SR′. Treatment of the functionalized aminosilanes R2Si(NH-C6H4-2-SR′)2 with two eq. of n-BuLi and subsequent reaction with nickel(II) halides NiX2 (X=Cl, Br) or [Ni(acac)2(TMEDA)] led to the formation of the Ni(II) complexes [Ni{R2Si(N-C6H4-2-SR′)2}]. The X-ray single-crystal structure determinations of the nickel complexes revealed that the thioether-functionalized silylamides R2Si(NC6H4-2-SR′)22− act as tetradentate ligands. The nickel atoms exhibit a distorted square-planar coordination with Ni–N and Ni–S bond lengths in the range of 186.4(3)–186.9(2) pm and 217.5(1)–221.5(1) pm, respectively.
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Myers, Bradley J., John P. Manor, James M. Wilson, Victoria A. Yoder, Stuart T. Holden, and Jennifer A. Bunn. "Sleep and Exercise Behaviors Do Not Differ Based Upon Aerobic Capacity or Hand Grip Strength." International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.8n.1p.1.
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Background: Despite the known benefits of physical activity (PA), most of the population in the United States fails to meet minimum recommended levels, and this lack of activity is believed to affect their health and well-being. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare lifestyle behaviors of exercise and sleep in low, moderate, and high performers for maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) and hand-grip strength (GS). Methods: Participants (n = 107, 19-62 years old) performed physical fitness assessments: estimated VO2max through submaximal cycle ergometry, and GS. Physical activity (PA) and sleep were assessed via self-reported questionnaires: physical activity as a vital sign (PAVS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants were categorized according to age and gender-specific normative values as low, medium, and high performer (LP, MP, and HP). Group characteristics were compared for each ranked variable using Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: PAVS scores revealed 66.3% (n=68) of participants met minimum PA of 150 min/week (221.6 ± 177.8). According to VO2max performance groups, the LP group was taller, heavier, had higher diastolic blood pressure, and had a larger waist circumference than MP or HP (p =.000-.029), with moderate and high effect sizes. When categorized by relative GS, the LP group was heavier and had larger waist and hip circumferences than the HP group (p =.003-.011), all with high effect sizes. Conclusion: Despite high levels of self-report PA in this cohort, this did not translate to better cardiorespiratory fitness or muscular strength. Participants met PA guidelines but achieved suboptimal scores for VO2max and GS signifying elevated risk of mortality. The incongruity between PA levels and fitness classification suggest that lifestyle habits may not be a suitable surrogate for objective measurement of fitness.
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Shi, Lei Gang, He Ju Huai, Jing Ping Zhou, Hai Tang Hu, and Cun Jun Li. "Carbon Cost of Rice on State-Operated Farm in Northeast China Plain." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 1034–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.1034.
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Cropping systems in the future will need to increase grain yield while reducing greenhouse gas emission per unit of production. Based on the investigation data of the farmers production, applying carbon cost model, we conducted the carbon cost of rice on state-operated farm (13 production teams) in Northeast China Plain. The results were as follows: the carbon cost of rice on Shuanghe Farm was 221.62±26.32 gCO2e kg-1, in which irrigation accounted for 40.68%, chemical fertilizer accounted for 24.55%, mechanical operation accounted for 24.35%, seed accounted for 9.21%, and pesticides accounted for 1.20%, respectively. The carbon cost of rice in different production teams were significantly different (P<0.01), and 20th production teams was the highest (249.56±26.68 gCO2e kg-1) while 10th team was the lowest (190.87±17.09 gCO2e kg-1). The differences of the carbon cost of rice among production teams almost was resulted from irrigation, and it had the potentiality of emission reduction in the production teams with higher carbon cost.
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Janoš, Tomáš, Radek Filipčík, and Martin Hošek. "Evaluation of Growth Intensity in Suffolk and Charollais Sheep." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 1 (2018): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866010061.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of breed (Suffolk, Charollais), sex (ram, ewes) and litter size (singles, twins, triplets) on the growth ability of lambs from birth to 300 days of age. Insignificantly higher (p > 0.05) birth weight (4.47 ± 1.07 kg), weight in 30 days (13,87 ± 3.28 kg), 100 days (36.51 ± 5.80 kg) and 300 days (79.00 ± 13.64 kg) was found in the lambs of the Suffolk breed. Higher birth weight was also associated with larger body dimensions in the Suffolk breed (height at withers 42.43 cm, diagonal length of body 43.60 cm). In 100 days, the lambs of Charollais were slightly bigger, in 300 days the height at withers and the diagonal length of body were nearly the same in both breeds. Higher growth intensity was recorded in rams (DG0−300: Ram = 239.87 g. day−1, Ewe = 221.67 g. day−1). With regard to the litter size, higher growth intensity was found in singles (234.77 g. day-1) when compared to lambs from twins (226.10 g. day−1) or triplets (225.63 g. day−1).
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Mauget, Christiane, Robert Mauget, and Antoine Sempéré. "Metabolic rate in female European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): incidence of reproduction." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-094.
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Indirect calorimetry measurements were made continuously over a 2-year period in 10 adult female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) maintained in outdoor enclosures on ad libitum feeding. Results from adult nonpregnant does revealed no endogenous seasonal rhythm in resting metabolic rate (RMR), in contrast to most cervid species. Throughout the 2 years of our study, RMR (overall mean 4695 ± 65 kJ∙d−1) fluctuated in parallel with variations in body mass. The mass-specific RMR ranged from 221.2 ± 4.8 to 230.7 ± 4.0 kJ∙kg−1∙d−1 (466.0 ± 10.8 to 495.5 ± 9.7 kJ∙kg−0.75∙d−1). Results from pregnant females (five in the first year, four in the second) showed that their energy expenditure increased by 15% during the last 2 months of gestation, in step with the increase in body mass. A 27% increase in RMR was recorded in lactating females during the first month post partum. These results show that in a small-bodied cervid such as the roe deer, reproduction costs are no higher than in other wild herbivores.
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Kaiser, Joachim W., and Wolfgang Jeitschko. "Quaternary Phosphide Oxides Pr3Cu4P4O2–x and Sm3Cu4P4O2–x with Ordered Zr3Cu4Si6-Type Structure." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 57, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2002-0206.
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The compounds Ln3Cu4P4O2-χ (Ln = Pr, Sm) were prepared by annealing the elemental components in a NaCl/KCl flux. They crystallize with an ordered Zr3Cu4Si6-type structure (space group I4/mmm, Z = 2), which was refined from single-crystal X-ray data for both compounds; Pr3Cu4P4O2-χ: a = 397.8(1), c = 2658.7(3) pm, R = 0.046 for 235 structure factors and 19 variable parameters; Sm3Cu4P4O2-χ: a = 392.8(1), c = 2643.6(3) pm, R = 0.057 for 145 F values and 19 variables. The refinements showed partial occupancy for the oxygen positions resulting in approximately 1.5 oxygen atoms per formula unit. Half of the phosphorus atoms form pairs with typical two-electron bond distances of 222.8(4) and 221.7(8) pm, respectively. Using oxidation numbers chemical bonding in these phosphide oxides can be rationalized with the formula (Ln+3)3(Cu+1)4(P-P)-4(P-3)2(O-2)1.5. Hence, the empirical formula may also be doubled (Ln6Cu8P8O3), and the compounds are expected to be semiconducting.
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Ávila-Acosta, Carlos Roberto, Marivel Domínguez-Domínguez, César Jesús Vázquez-Navarrete, Rocío Guadalupe Acosta-Pech, and Pablo Martínez-Zurimendi. "Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Storage in Mangrove Forests in Southeastern Mexico." Resources 13, no. 3 (March 12, 2024): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources13030041.
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The aboveground contributions of mangroves to global carbon sequestration reinforce the need to estimate biomass in these systems. The objective was to determine the aboveground biomass storage and quantify the carbon and CO2e content in Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans, and Laguncularia racemosa present in southeastern Mexico. Based on the Forest Protocol for Mexico Version 2.0 methodology, published by Climate Action Reserve, 130 circular plots were randomly selected and established in an area of 930 ha of mangrove vegetation, and the aboveground biomass and stored carbon were determined. The mangrove had a density of 3515 ± 428.5 individuals per hectare. The aboveground biomass of the three species was 120.5 Mg ha−1. The biomass of L. racemosa was 99.5 Mg ha−1, which represents 82.6% of the total biomass. The biomass of R. mangle was 20.33 Mg ha−1, and that of A. germinans was 0.32 Mg ha−1. The total carbon retained in the trees was 60.25 Mg C ha−1 and 221.1 Mg CO2e ha−1. Laguncularia racemosa generated the highest contributions of CO2e. The area of mangroves accumulated 112,065 Mg of aboveground biomass. The carbon contained in this biomass corresponds to 205,623 Mg CO2e. This mangrove contributes to mitigating the effects of climate change globally through the reduction in greenhouse gases.
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PEREIRA, LAÉRCIO DA SILVA, EVERALDO MOREIRA DA SILVA, JOSÉ ORLANDO PIAUILINO FERREIRA, VINÍCIUS LEMOS GUERRA SANTOS, CARLOS JOSÉ GONÇALVES DE SOUZA LIMA, and GABRIEL BARBOSA DA SILVA JÚNIOR. "WATERMELON YIELD AND EFFICIENCY OF USE OF WATER AND NITROGEN." Revista Caatinga 32, no. 3 (September 2019): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n321rc.
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ABSTRACT The evaluation of the yield of crops and their efficiency of use of water and nitrogen is essential to optimize the management of production factors. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of irrigation regimes and nitrogen doses in fertigation on fruit yield and efficiency of use of water and nitrogen by the Top Gun watermelon hybrid. The study was conducted in Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil, from August 4 to October 15, 2015. The study used a completed randomized block design with four repetitions, five irrigation depths (110.17, 156.86, 221.16, 268.87, and 317.09 mm), and five doses of nitrogen in fertigation (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1 applied as urea). Fruit yield and water use efficiency were not affected by nitrogen doses; however, there was a significant interaction of the factors for the efficiency of nitrogen use. The highest yield (39,549.45 kg ha-1) was obtained using 233.48 mm of water during the growth cycle. The water depth that promoted the maximum efficiency of water use was 110.42 mm, and nitrogen use was most efficient using 232.21 mm of water and 50 kg ha-1 of nitrogen.
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Sarmis, Abdurrahman, Mehmet Agirbasli, Esra Kocoglu, Hasan Guclu, Tuncer Ozekinci, and Zafer Habip. "Can Hemogram Parameters Predict a Positive PCR Result in COVID-19?" Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 21, no. 2 (February 25, 2022): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v21i2.58072.
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Objective: Quick diagnosis of COVID-19 has been an important factor to manage the ongoing pandemic at hospitals and other health facilities. We aimed to investigate the effects of PCR test on hemogram parameters in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: We collected hemogram data of 120 nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal combo swab PCR positive and 119 PCR negative patients admitted to our hospital’s COVID-19 clinics with COVID-19 symptoms between 1 April 2020 and 24 June2020. Results: Age, MPV and NLR were found to be higher; hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocytes, basophil, platelet, PCT, WBC levels were lower in PCR positive cases. The highest sensitivity, 75 % is found on WBC count with cut off 7.15. Conclusion:Lower leukocyte count than 7.15, lower neutrophil count than 4.91, greater NLR than 2.95, lower platelet than 221.5 may give an idea about the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 02 April’22 Page : 391-397
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Lan, Yongqiang, Ning Yan, and Weihong Wang. "Optimization of the PDMS/biochar nanocomposite membranes using the response surface methodology." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 25, no. 5 (September 25, 2018): 947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2016-0382.
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AbstractTo improve the separation performance of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/bark biochar (BB) nanocomposite membranes used for alcohol/water separation, the preparation conditions of these composite membranes were analyzed and optimized. In this study, we investigated the following preparation parameters: the BB pyrolysis temperature, the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent (KH-550) to bark biochar (BB), and the BB loading amount. The regression equations were established between these three preparation parameters and the final pervaporation (PV) performance characteristics of the composite membranes. The membranes performed the best under the following optimal preparation conditions: a BB pyrolysis temperature of 407°C; a silane coupling reagent/BB weight ratio of 0.86, and a BB loading amount of 3.36 wt%. According to the results of the regression analysis, a maximum permeation flux of 221.2 g·m−2·h−1 and a maximum selective factor of 21.3 was obtained when the feed temperature for the 5 wt% alcohol solution was set at 40°C.
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Su, Yongsong, Song Song, Lichun Xie, and Zhenyu He. "The Nitrogen Budget of Coastal Eastern Guangdong in the Last 15 Years." Hydrology 8, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8020081.
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Nitrogen pollution has caused severe ecological and environmental crisis, especially in densely populated coastal regions. Using a mathematical model based on statistical data series from industry, agriculture, environmental protection, and population in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, this paper aims to estimate the nitrogen income and expenditure of coastal Eastern Guangdong, to reveal the temporal variation of the nitrogen budget in the coastal region with high agriculture intensity, and to suggest a management strategy for the local nitrogen control. The results show that: coastal Eastern Guangdong is a nitrogen surplus region, with nitrogen load and nitrogen flux varying in the range 276.01–299.60 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 221.26–239.06 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively, during the period 2000–2015; from 2000 to 2015, the overall nitrogen surplus and the nitrogen surplus unit area showed an obvious upward trend, indicating that nitrogen pollution in the area was deteriorating; agricultural used fertilizer serves as the main contributor to nitrogen input, while water nitrogen accounts for the highest portion of nitrogen output; despite the fluctuation of nitrogen input and output, water nitrogen output steadily increased, suggesting a stronger water environment management requirement. This research provides reference for researchers and decision-makers in the ecological and environmental domains.
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Songster-Alpin, M. S., and R. L. Klotz. "A comparison of electron transport system activity in stream and beaver pond sediments." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 1318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-128.
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Electron transport system (ETS) activity of sediments as an indication of microbial metabolic activity was measured at four beaver pond sites in central New York State. ETS activity, an indication of microbial biomass and respiration, was measured as the reduction of 2-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (INT) to INT-formazan. Since INT can be reduced by both aerobes and anaerobes, the total microbial respiratory activity in the sediments was measured. The ETS activity increased from means of 11.1–65.0 μg O2∙g−1 dry weight∙h−1 at the free-flowing upstream reaches to means of 221.2–262.6 μg O2∙g−1 dry weight∙h−1 within the beaver ponds. ETS activity decreased with increased depth of sediment probably because of the loss of aerobic activity. When ETS activity was expressed on a per unit area basis (grams O2 per square metre per hour), the increase from upstream reaches to the ponds ranged from 13- to 35-fold. This difference increased to 460- to 2180-fold when the activity was expressed per unit length of stream (micrograms O2 per metre per hour). These data showed that beaver ponds greatly increased microbial activity along streams, likely resulting in changes in biogeochemical cycles controlled directly or indirectly by microorganisms.
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Villa-Ruano, Nemesio, Luis Ángel Morales-Mora, Jenaro Leocadio Varela-Caselis, Antonio Rivera, María de los Ángeles Valencia de Ita, and Omar Romero-Arenas. "Arcopilus aureus MaC7A as a New Source of Resveratrol: Assessment of Amino Acid Precursors, Volatiles, and Fungal Enzymes for Boosting Resveratrol Production in Batch Cultures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 4583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104583.
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The chemical factors that regulate the synthesis of resveratrol (RV) in filamentous fungi are still unknown. This work reports on the RV production by Arcopilus aureus MaC7A under controlled conditions and the effect of amino acid precursors (PHE and TYR), monoterpenes (limonone, camphor, citral, thymol, menthol), and mixtures of hydrolytic enzymes (Glucanex) as elicitors for boosting fungal RV. Batch cultures with variable concentrations of PHE and TYR (50–500 mg L−1) stimulated RV production from 127.9 ± 4.6 to 221.8 ± 5.2 mg L−1 in basic cultures developed in PDB (pH 7) added with 10 g L−1 peptone at 30 °C. Maximum levels of RV and biomass were maintained during days 6–8 under these conditions, whereas a dramatic RV decrease was observed from days 10–12 without any loss of biomass. Among the tested volatiles, citral (50 mg L−1) enhanced RV production until 187.8 ± 2.2 mg L−1 in basic cultures, but better results were obtained with Glucanex (100 mg L−1; 198.3 ± 7.6 mg L−1 RV). Optimized batch cultures containing TYR (200 mg L−1), citral (50 mg L−1), thymol (50 mg L−1), and Glucanex (100 mg L−1) produced up to 237.6 ± 4.7 mg L−1 of RV. Our results suggest that low concentrations of volatiles and mixtures of isoenzymes with β-1, 3 glucanase activity increase the biosynthesis of fungal RV produced by A. aureus MaC7A in batch cultures.
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Rodbard, Helena W., Andrea Giaccari, Bertrand Cariou, Satish Garg, Michael J. Davies, Kiernan Seth, and Sangeeta Sawhney. "Effect of sotagliflozin as an adjunct to insulin therapy on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in adults with type 1 diabetes: A post hoc pooled analysis of inTandem1 and inTandem2." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 18, no. 1 (January 2021): 147916412199592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479164121995928.
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Objective: Evaluate the effect of sotagliflozin, a dual inhibitor of sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 1 and 2, on arterial stiffness in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with sotagliflozin as adjunct to optimized insulin therapy. Methods: In this post hoc analysis, indirect markers of arterial stiffness, including pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and double product, were calculated using observed systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), or pulse rate at 24 weeks using data from a pooled patient population from the inTandem1 and inTandem2 randomized controlled trials ( n = 1575). Results: Baseline characteristics were similar among groups. Relative to placebo at Week 24, sotagliflozin 200 mg and 400 mg reduced SBP by 2.03 mm Hg (95% CI −3.30 to −0.75; p = 0.0019) and 2.85 mm Hg (−4.12 to −1.57; p < 0.0001), respectively. DBP decreased by 1.1 and 0.9 mm Hg, MAP by 1.4 and 1.6 mm Hg, and double product by 202.5 and 221.1 bpm × mm Hg, respectively ( p < 0.05 for all). No increases in heart rate were observed. Conclusion: In adults with T1D, adding sotagliflozin to insulin significantly reduced blood pressure and other markers of arterial stiffness and vascular resistance.
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Pinto, Maria Isabel Silveira, Jenyffer Medeiros Campos Guerra, Hugo Morais Meira, Leonie Asfora Sarubbo, and Juliana Moura de Luna. "A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions." Foods 11, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11040561.
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The present study aimed to produce a biosurfactant from Candida yeast cultivated in a low-cost medium made of sugar-cane molasses (5%), frying oil waste (5%), and corn steep liquor (5%). Initially, the production at the flask-scale was investigated and then scaled up in bioreactors to 1.2, 3.0, and 50 L to simulate a real production scale. The products obtained an excellent reduction in surface tensions from 70 to 29 mN·m−1 in the flask-scale, comparable to 33 mN·m−1 in the 1.2-L reactor, to 31 mN·m−1 in the 3-L reactor, and to 30 mN·m−1 in the 50-L reactor. Regarding the yield, it was observed that the isolation by liquid-to-liquid extraction aided biosurfactant production up to 221.9 g·L−1 with a critical micellar concentration of 0.5%. The isolated biosurfactant did not exhibit an inhibitory effect on the germination of vegetable seeds and presented no significant acute toxicity in assays with Artemia salina and Allium cepa. Among the different formulations of mayonnaise-like sauces, the most stable formula was observed with the addition of the biosurfactant at a concentration of 0.5% and the greatest results were associated with the guar and carboxymethyl cellulose gums. Thus, the biosurfactant from C. bombicola represents a promising alternative as a food additive in emulsions.
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Sahumena, Muhamad Handoyo, and Suryani Suryani. "Formulasi Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Ibuprofen dengan VCO dan Kombinasi Surfaktan." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 2, no. 3 (June 12, 2023): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v2i3.20405.
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Ibuprofen is one of the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) class of propionic acid derivatives which has potent anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. The solubility of ibuprofen is disadvantageous because it is practically insoluble and has poor dissolution. The aim of this study was to overcome the solubility of ibuprofen through a stable SNEDDS formula. One way to overcome the solubility of ibuprofen is to prepare nanoemulsions using the Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) technique. SNEDDS is a form of preemulsion drug which spontaneously forms nanoemulsion when it encounters the aqueous phase in the digestive tract. Parameters for the success of the SNEDDS formula include emulsification time, stability, and droplet size using a particle size analyzer (PSA). The SNEDDS formulation was carried out by mixing span 80 and tween 20, PEG 400 and VCO as the oil phase. The characteristics of SNEDDS ibuprofen include homogeneity of SNEDDS, clarity, transmittance, emulsification time, and droplet size. The composition of the optimum formula for SNEDDS ibuprofen is 1 mL of VCO; 1 mL PEG; 7 mL tween 20; 1 mL span 80. The formula shows good homogeneity, is clear with emulsification time of 15 seconds, transmittance is 92.69%, and droplet size is 221.9 nm.
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Leal, Cristina Güitrón, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Juan Rivera Dommarco, Salvador Villalpando, Jere Haas, Saurabh Mehta, and Julia Finkelstein. "Anemia and Iron and Vitamin B12 Deficiencies in Children Under 5 in Mexico: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT)." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_040.
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Abstract Objectives To examine the burden of anemia, iron deficiency, and vitamin B12 deficiency in children under 5 in Mexico. Methods Data from the recently completed National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2018) were analyzed to examine the burden of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in children under 5 (1 to <5 years). Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations werequantified in capillary blood samples (n = 3144) via HemoCue.Venous blood samples (n = 1019) were collected, centrifuged, processed, and stored <−80°C until analysis of micronutrient biomarkers. Serum ferritin (SF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and vitamin B12 concentrations were measured via immunoassays. Hemoglobin was adjusted for altitude; anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin <12.0 µg/L and iron insufficiency was defined as serum ferritin <20.0 µg/L; inflammation was defined as CRP concentrations > 5.0 mg/L (and CRP > 1.0 mg/L). Iron deficiency anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL and serum ferritin <12.0 μg/L. Vitamin B12 deficiency and vitamin B12 insufficiency were defined as <148.0 and <221.0 pmol/L, respectively. Survey frequency procedures were used to examine the prevalence of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies; survey linear and logistic regression were used to examine associations of micronutrient biomarkers with hemoglobin concentrations and odds of anemia. Results A total of 22.9% of children were anemic in this population. In the biomarker sub-sample, 10.0% of children were iron deficient (SF < 12.0 µg/L), and 29.9% had serum ferritin concentrations <20.0 µg/L. A total of 9.5% of children had CRP concentrations >5.0 mg/L, and 34.7% had CRP > 1.0 mg/L. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (vitamin B12 < 148.0 pmol/L) was 5.4% and 21.5% of children had vitamin B12 insufficiency (vitamin B12 < 221.0 pmol/L). Conclusions Findings suggest that the burden of anemia and iron and vitamin B12 insufficiency is high in young children in Mexico. Funding Sources ENSANUT was funded by The Ministry of Health of Mexico.
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Ulfa, Maria, and Windi Apriliani. "Comparative Study of Soft Template on Gunningite Synthesis for Ibuprofen Adsorption Application." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 23, no. 2 (April 10, 2023): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79098.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of soft template variations on Zinc Sulfate Hydrate (Gunningite) synthesis and the maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen. This study employed the soft template method and hydrothermal at 100 °C, followed by calcination at 550 °C. Here, ZnSO4 heptahydrate was used as the precursor for different templates. XRD analysis exhibited that the crystal sizes of Gunningite-F127G, Gunningite-F127, Gunningite-P123G, Gunningite-P123, and Gunningite-G were 18.35; 25.33; 25.67; 27.30; and 24.24 nm with crystallinity degrees of 36.89; 42.62; 46.83; 41.27; and 40.62%, respectively. FTIR examination indicated that the five samples contained functional groups of OH stretching at 3170 cm–1, Zn-O-Zn at 1637 cm–1, Zn-S=O symmetric and asymmetric at 900 and 1056 cm–1, and Zn-O at 521 cm–1. Furthermore, SEM-EDX investigation revealed that the morphology of all Gunningite samples was inhomogeneous due to agglomeration. Besides that, the elemental compositions in the samples were dominated by Zn and O elements. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from each sample was 221.1 mg/g (Gunningite-F127G); 226.06 mg/g (Gunningite-F127); 234.23 mg/g (Gunningite-P123G); 229.76 mg/g (Gunningite-P123); and 222.85 mg/g (Gunningite-G). Moreover, the Gunningite kinetic model of ibuprofen adsorption followed Ho and McKay's pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
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Crocco, Marco, Antonio Verrico, Claudia Milanaccio, Gianluca Piccolo, Patrizia De Marco, Gabriele Gaggero, Valentina Iurilli, et al. "Dyslipidemia in Children Treated with a BRAF Inhibitor for Low-Grade Gliomas: A New Side Effect?" Cancers 14, no. 11 (May 29, 2022): 2693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14112693.
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BRAF inhibitors, in recent years, have played a central role in the disease control of unresectable BRAF-mutated pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs). The aim of the study was to investigate the acute and long-term effects of vemurafenib on the lipid metabolism in children treated for an LGG. In our cohort, children treated with vemurafenib (n = 6) exhibited alterations in lipid metabolism a few weeks after starting, as was demonstrated after 1 month (n = 4) by the high plasma levels of the total cholesterol (TC = 221.5 ± 42.1 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG = 107.8 ± 44.4 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL = 139.5 ± 51.5 mg/dL). Despite dietary recommendations, the dyslipidemia persisted over time. The mean lipid levels of the TC (222.3 ± 34.7 mg/dL), TG (134.8 ± 83.6 mg/dL), and LDL (139.8 ± 46.9 mg/dL) were confirmed abnormal at the last follow-up (45 ± 27 months, n = 6). Vemurafenib could be associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia. An accurate screening strategy in new clinical trials, and a multidisciplinary team, are required for the optimal management of unexpected adverse events, including dyslipidemia.
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Jaysawal, Peeyush Kumar, S. K. Verma, Vijay Pratap, Deepak Kumar Yadav, Niketa Tirkey, and Sachin Singh. "Impact of Herbicides on Soil Fertility and Nutrient Uptake by Transplanted Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Eastern U.P, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 11 (October 25, 2023): 1570–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113310.
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A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Varanasi during kharif 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the nitrogen intake by transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the available nutrient status of soil under ten weed control treatments. The treatment bispyribac-Na 9.1% (24.57 g/ha) + metsulfuron-methyl 1.2% (3.24 g/ha) + chlorimuron ethyl 1.2% (3.24 g/ha) recorded higher Organic carbon (0.47%), pH (7.38), EC(0.18 dS m-1), available N193.48 kg/ha, P22.46 kg/ha, and K 221.56 kg/ha in soil, higher nutrient (N, P and K) content in grain 1.14, 0.33, 0.38%, and straw 0.74, 0.12, 1.74% and protein content 6.81 & 4.42% in grain and straw, respectively. improved N, P, K uptake in grain 58.57, 17.06, 19.23 kg/ha and straw 71.00, 11.36, 166 kg/ha, respectively over weedy check (grain 46.09, 13.35, 15.10 kg/ha and straw 58.58, 9.38 and 137.65 N, P and K respectively). This treatment exhibited positive performance of soil fertility and N, P and K uptake by transplanted rice.
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Li, Hechen, Yiwen Guo, Yuanhua Chen, Nengshuang Gao, Ruicong Sun, Yachun Lu, and Quanqi Chen. "Outstanding Electrochemical Performance of Ni-Rich Concentration-Gradient Cathode Material LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 8 (April 10, 2023): 3347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083347.
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The full-concentrationgradient LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 (CG-LNCM), consisting of core Ni-rich LiNi0.93Co0.07O2, transition zone LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2, and outmost shell LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was prepared by a facile co-precipitation method and high-temperature calcination. CG-LNCM was then investigated with an X-ray diffractometer, ascanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope, and electrochemical measurements. The results demonstrate that CG-LNCM has a lower cation mixing of Li+ and Ni2+ and larger Li+ diffusion coefficients than concentration-constant LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 (CC-LNCM). CG-LNCM presents a higher capacity and a better rate of capability and cyclability than CC-LNCM. CG-LNCM and CC-LNCM show initial discharge capacities of 221.2 and 212.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2C (40 mA g−1) with corresponding residual discharge capacities of 177.3 and 156.1 mAh g−1 after 80 cycles, respectively. Even at high current rates of 2C and 5C, CG-LNCM exhibits high discharge capacities of 165.1 and 149.1 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, respectively, while the residual discharge capacities of CC-LNCM are as low as 148.8 and 117.9 mAh g−1 at 2C and 5C after 100 cycles, respectively. The significantly improved electrochemical performance of CG-LNCM is attributed to its concentration-gradient microstructure and the composition distribution of concentration-gradient LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2. The special concentration-gradient design and the facile synthesis are favorable for massive manufacturing of high-performance Ni-rich ternary cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
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Setyawardani, T., K. Widayaka, J. Sumarmono, A. H. D. Rahardjo, S. S. Santoso, and M. Sulistyowati. "Texture, hedonic test and fatty acid profile of goat cheese with L plantarum TW14 and L. rhamnosus TW2 isolates stored at different temperature conditions." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 43, no. 3 (August 23, 2018): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.43.3.230-237.
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The purpose of this research was to investigate texture, hedonic test and fatty acids profile of goat cheese stored at cold and frozen temperatures for 60 days. Cheese was manufactured from goat milk with addition of probiotics bacteria L.plantarum TW14 and L.rhamnosusTW2 with a ratio of (1:1/v/v). Treatments were arranged in a factorial design, employing two factors, i.e. temperature (cold; frozen) and storage time (0; 15,30,45 and 60 days). Each treatment was repeated three times. Results showed that goat cheese stored at cold temperature has an average hardness-texture of 374.46 ±77.69 gf while that of the cheese stored at frozen temperature has 221.66 ±38.46 gf, which were significantly different (P<0.05). In term of flavor, texture and overall acceptability, there were no significant effects (P>0.05) of storage temperatures and storage time. However, the taste of cheese stored under cold and frozen temperatures was highly significant different (P<0.01). Fatty acids composition of cheese stored for 60 days in a cold storage showed that the highest fatty acid content was SFA which was 64.34% and USFA was 16.76%. During the 60-day storage, the SFA percentage of was relatively stable while the percentage of oleic acid USFA increased.
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Khan, Nasir Mehmood, Muhammad Saeed, Farman Ali Khan, Shujaat Ahmad, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, Zia Ullah Khan, Muhammad Shafique, Mazen Almehmadi, Osama Abdulaziz, and Abid Ullah. "Effects of pH and Ionic Salts on the Emulsifying and Rheological Properties of Acorn Protein Isolate." Molecules 27, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 3646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113646.
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This study was designed to evaluate the emulsifying and rheological properties of acorn protein isolate (API) in different pH mediums (pH 3, 7 and 9) and in the presence of ionic salts (1 M NaCl and 1 M CaCl2). API shows higher solubility in distilled water at pH 7, while at the same pH, a decrease in solubility was observed for API in the presence of CaCl2 (61.30%). A lower emulsifying activity index (EAI), lower stability index (ESI), larger droplet sizes and slight flocculation were observed for API in the presence of salts at different pHs. Importantly, CaCl2 treated samples showed relevantly higher EAI (252.67 m2/g) and ESI (152.67 min) values at all pH as compared to NaCl (221.76 m2/g), (111.82 min), respectively. A significant increase in interfacial protein concentration (4.61 mg/m2) was observed for emulsion at pH 9 with CaCl2, while the major fractions of API were observed in an interfacial layer after SDS-PAGE analysis. All of the emulsion shows shear thinning behavior (τc > 0 and n < 1), while the highest viscosity was observed for emulsion prepared with CaCl2 at pH 3 (11.03 ± 1.62). In conclusion, API, in the presence of ionic salts at acidic, neutral and basic pH, can produce natural emulsions, which could be substitutes for synthetic surfactants for such formulations.
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Min, Byeongkyu, Huiho Jeong, Juhye Oh, Kyejin Paek, Woohyun Paeng, Jonghyeok Lee, Chonrae Cho, and Hyeonseo Cho. "Variations in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contamination Values in Subtidal Surface Sediment via Oil Fingerprinting after an Accidental Oil Spill: A Case Study of the Wu Yi San Oil Spill, Yeosu, Korea." Water 15, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020279.
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This study determined the PAH contamination variations in the subtidal surface sediment with oil fingerprinting in the Wu Yi San oil spill in Yeosu, Korea, in January 2014. The ∑16 PAHs and ∑alkyl PAHs were investigated in surface sediment and seawater 1 month after the oil spill for 1 year at 3-month intervals in the accident (St. A-F) and adjacent areas (St. 1-20). The averaged ∑16 PAHs and ∑alkyl PAH concentration in the five samplings were 42.2–171.7 ng/g and 211.5–221.8 ng/g, respectively. Comparing the PAH levels in St.E and St.17 indicated a decreased tendency, from 357.9 to 31.1 ng/g dw. in ∑16 PAHs, and from 1900.9 to 211.5 ng/g dw. in ∑alkyl PAHs. The PAHs were not statically correlated between surface sediment and seawater (p > 0.05), implying that the fate of PAHs was rapidly dispersed toward adjacent coasts and beaches. Pyrogenic origin was predominant in 16 PAHs, and petrogenic origin in alkylated PAHs. Notably, C2-D/C2-P and C3-D/C3-P ratios in the accident area during the first sampling were similar to accident oil, but the similarity was not shown in other samplings. Only the C2-naphthalene (St.A), C1-phenanthrene (St.A and St.B), and C2-phenanthrene (the entire accident area points) concentrations were higher than the ERL SQG.
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Cook, Gabriel, Mark G. Papich, Malcolm C. Roberts, and Karl F. Bowman. "Pharmacokinetics of cisapride in horses after intravenous and rectal administration." American Journal of Veterinary Research 58, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 1427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1997.58.12.1427.
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SUMMARY Objectives To determine the IV pharmacokinetics of cisapride and measure systemic absorption after rectal administration. Animals 5 healthy adult mares (380 to 610 kg). Procedure Cisapride was administered, IV, at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg of body weight. In the same horses, after a 1-week washout period, cisapride was administered rectally at a dosage of 1 mg/kg by mixing crushed tablets with propylene glycol and administering the mixture into the rectum. After each drug administration, a series of blood samples were collected. Plasma was obtained and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography to determine cisapride concentration profiles after each drug administration. Results After IV administration, peak plasma concentration was 221.4 ng/ml and harmonic mean half-life was 1.9 hours. Rectal absorption of cisapride was negligible. Cisapride was detected in plasma from only 3 of 5 horses for which mean systemic availability was 1.23%. Mean maximal plasma concentration after rectal administration of cisapride was 13.5 ng/ml. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance After IV administration of cisapride, plasma concentration is high for approximately 2 hours. Cisapride mixed with propylene glycol and administered rectally at a dosage of 1 mg/kg is poorly and incompletely absorbed. Thus, cisapride is not clinically useful for rectal administration in horses. (Am J Vet Res 1997;58:1427–1430)
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D, Kavya,, Prakash, S. S, Yogesh, G. S, Fathima, P, S, and Mahesh, H.B. "Effect of Lime Application for Neutralizing Fertilizer Acidity on Growth and Yield of Maize in Alfisols." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 5 (April 12, 2024): 911–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54588.
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A field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, V. C. Farm, Mandya during Kharif 2021-22 to evaluate the effect of lime application for neutralizing fertilizer acidity on growth and yield of maize in Alfisols. There were eight treatments that include 500 kg lime (T3) and 250 kg granular dolomite (T4) + FYM and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), 100% RDF and FYM + 100 and 50% fertilizer acidity neutralization with lime (T5 and T6) and granular dolomite (T7 and T8), absolute control (T1) and FYM + 100 % RDF (T2). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results revealed that application of lime @ equivalent to 100% neutralization of fertilizer acidity with 100% RDF and FYM (T5) recorded significantly higher plant height (221.56 cm), number of leaves (13.01 plant-1), leaf area (6389 cm2 plant-1) and total dry matter accumulation plant-1 (168.74 g plant-1) which was on par with T8, T6, T7 and T4. Similarly, significantly higher yield parameters like cob length (21.98 cm), cob girth (20.01 cm), number of rows cob-1 (16.86), number of kernels row-1 (36.98) and test weight (35.98 g) were recorded in T5 when compared to T2, T3 and T1. Kernel and stover yield (81.57 and 90.67 q ha-1, respectively) was observed to be significantly higher in T5 treatment which was on par with T6 which clearly indicated that 100% neutralization of fertilizer acidity with lime along with 100% recommended dose of fertilizer and FYM is necessary for obtaining higher growth and yield of maize.
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Wang, Shuya, Fen Wang, Ruying Li, and Min Ji. "Effects of Elevated Fe (III) on Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Biofilm Process: Inhibition and Recovery." Water 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2023): 4080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15234080.
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To investigate the treatment performance of employing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) biofilm process to treat the iron-containing industrial wastewater with a low carbon–nitrogen ratio and obtain an optimal condition, the effects of elevated exposure to Fe (III) (ranging from 0 to 1.5 mM) on the anammox biofilm process were explored. The findings indicated that the performance of anammox nitrogen removal remained unaffected when exposed to low levels of Fe (III) (0.1 mM and 0.3 mM). However, high concentrations (higher than 0.5 mM) showed a negative effect. The semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Fe (III) was 1.32 mM. Additionally, under exposure to high levels of Fe (III), a remarkable accumulation of Fe (III) was observed within the anammox system. The total iron concentration increased from 30 mgFe·gVSS−1 to a saturation point of approximately 300 mgFe·gVSS−1. This accumulation led to a decrease in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) from 221.4 mg·gVSS−1 to 91.3 mg·gVSS−1 and specific anammox activity (SAA) from 0.0482 gN·(gVSS·d)−1 to 0.018 gN·(gVSS·d)−1. Consequently, the activity of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) was inhibited, leading to a decline in the average total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) from 86.9% to 38.3%. However, it was discovered that the inhibitory effect of continuous Fe (III) could be reversed by introducing the ferric ion complex EDTA·2Na into the system. As a result, the TNRE recovered to 60%. The findings would be useful to optimize the anammox biofilm process by adjusting the concentration of Fe (III) in the practical industrial application.
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Fuller, Thomas W., Xuewen Jiang, Utsav Bansal, Vladimir Lamm, Bing Shen, Jicheng Wang, James R. Roppolo, William C. de Groat, and Changfeng Tai. "Sex difference in the contribution of GABAB receptors to tibial neuromodulation of bladder overactivity in cats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 312, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): R292—R300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00401.2016.
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This study investigated the role of γ-aminobutyric acid subtype B (GABAB) receptors in tibial and pudendal neuromodulation of bladder overactivity induced by intravesical administration of dilute (0.5%) acetic acid (AA) in α-chloralose-anesthetized cats. To inhibit bladder overactivity, tibial or pudendal nerve stimulation (TNS or PNS) was applied at 5 Hz and two or four times threshold (T) intensity for inducing toe or anal sphincter twitch. TNS at 2T or 4T intensity significantly ( P < 0.05) increased the bladder capacity to 173.8 ± 16.2 or 198.5 ± 24.1%, respectively, of control capacity. Meanwhile, PNS at 2T or 4T intensity significantly ( P < 0.05) increased the bladder capacity to 217 ± 18.8 and 221.3 ± 22.3% of control capacity, respectively. CGP52432 (a GABAB receptor antagonist) at intravenous dosages of 0.1–1 mg/kg completely removed the TNS inhibition in female cats but had no effect in male cats. CGP52432 administered intravenously also had no effect on control bladder capacity or the pudendal inhibition of bladder overactivity. These results reveal a sex difference in the role of GABAB receptors in tibial neuromodulation of bladder overactivity in cats and that GABAB receptors are not involved in either pudendal neuromodulation or irritation-induced bladder overactivity.
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Mohapatra, Sweekruta, Vivek, Akshay Ujjwal, Trayambak Gurjar, Jyotiprakash Mishra, Tarini Prasad Das, Sanghamitra Pattnaik, Subrat Kumar Mahapatra, and Jayashankar Pradhan. "Influence of Micronutrient Application on Nutrient Content, Uptake and Residual Soil Nutrient Status in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Western Uttar Pradesh Condition." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 20 (September 19, 2023): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i203805.
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A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different nutrient treatments on nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility in rice crop at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut during kharif 2022 on clay loam soil, low in organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorous, zinc and iron, medium to high in available potassium and slightly alkaline in reaction. The treatments comprising of different combinations (10) of NPK, Zn and Fe with VAM {Control,100% NPK, 100% NPK + 25kg ZnSO4 ,100% NPK+ 25 kg FeSO4, 100% NPK + 25kg ZnSO4+25 kg FeSO4, 100% NPK + 12.5 kg ZnSO4+ 12.5 kg FeSO4+VAM, 100% NPK+ZnEDTA+FeEDTA, 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation, 100% NPK + 0.5% FeSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation and 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 +0.5% FeSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation}were tested in RBD with 3 replications. Rice variety PB-1637 was transplanted on 23rd July and harvested on 10th November, 2022 with recommended package of practices except the treatments. Nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility were significantly affected by different nutrients treatments. Zn, Fe, Zn+Fe and Zn+Fe+VAM application favored nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility when compared to 100% NPK. Among the various treatments crop was applied with 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4 registered highest nutrient content in grain (N- 1.33% ,P-0.43%, K-0.39%, Zn-36.5 mg kg-1 and Fe-127.31 mg kg-1), nutrient uptake in grain (N-57.5 kg ha-1,P- 18.6 kg ha-1 K-16.8 kg ha-1 ,Zn- 157.7 g ha-1 and Fe-550.0 g ha-1) and residual soil nutrient status (N-221.1 kg ha-1, P-17.6 kg ha-1, K-214.7 kg ha-1, Organic Carbon-0.47%, Zn-0.98 mg kg-1 and Fe-6.56 mg kg-1).