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Journal articles on the topic '20th century Correspondence'
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1
Frolov, M. A. "Correspondence between Yu. G. Oksman and N. K. Gudzij (1930–1965) (Introduction, Editing and Commentary by M. A. Frolov)." Russkaya literatura 4 (2020): 136–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-4-136-185.
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The publication introduces the scholarly community to a long-term correspondence between two literary historians and textual experts, Iu. G. Oksman and N. K. Gudzij (currently stored at RGALI and Manuscript Department, Russian State Library). The correspondence reflects the diversity and similarity of the research interests of the two correspondents whose epistolary dialogue mirrored the life of the Soviet society, the challenges faced by the Russian philological scholarship of the second third of the 20th century in many of its tragic episodes, and most importantly, the fates of the participants of this dialogue.
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Frolov, M. A. "CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN YU. G. OKSMAN AND N. K. GUDZIJ (1930–1965) (Final Part)." Russkaya literatura 1 (2021): 19–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-1-19-54.
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The publication introduces the scholarly community to a long-term correspondence between the two literary historians and textual experts, Yu. G. Oksman and N. K. Gudzij (currently stored at RGALI and Manuscript Department, Russian State Library). The correspondence refl ects the diversity and similarity of the research interests of the two correspondents, whose epistolary dialogue refl ected the life of the Soviet society, the challenges faced by the Russian philological scholarship of the second third of the 20th century in many of its tragic episodes, and most importantly, the fates of the participants of this dialogue.
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Serafimova, Vera D. "About a premonition of the writer’s fate. The story of S.D. Dovlatov “Fate”." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 3 (May 2023): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.3-23.083.
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Purpose of the article: To introduce the insufficiently researched materials of the collection “Little-known Dovlatov”, the memories of writers about him: Alexander Genis, Pyotr Weil, the correspondence of S. Dovlatov to his friends — letters to Lyudmila Stern. Dovlatov’s correspondence to his friends — letters to Lyudmila Stern. The author studies the typological similarities in the dominant ideas, poetics, language with the classic of the 20th century Russian literature A.P. Platonov.
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Lis, Tomasz Jacek. "Możliwości wykorzystania korespondencji misyjnej do badań nad historią wychodźstwa chłopskiego z terenów byłej Rzeczypospolitej na przełomie XIX i XX wieku." Studia Historyczne 61, no. 1 (241) (September 26, 2019): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.01.04.
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The Possibility of Utilizing Missionaries’ Correspondence to Study the History of Peasant Migration (from the territories of former Polish Commonwealth) at the turn of the twentieth century
The article presents new possibilities of research on the history of migration at the turn the 20th century using narrative sources, particularly the correspondence of missionaries. Peasants produced and left behind very few narrative sources, which results in migration historians rarely using them. The author indicates how to use alternative narrative sources produced by people of the Church to study the history of migration, in particular emigration from the territories of the former Polish Commonwealth.
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Fend, Max, Louise Williams, Alan J. Carson, and Jon Stone. "The Arc de Siècle: functional neurological disorder during the ‘forgotten’ years of the 20th century." Brain 143, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 1278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa037.
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Using archived records, plus oral histories from retired neurologists, Fend et al. examine attitudes to functional neurological disorders in the mid-20th century. While frequently scathing in their correspondence, most neurologists of the time adopted a pragmatic approach with many referring patients to psychiatrists.
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Mikurova, Polina L. "THE THEME OF BESIEGED LENINGRAD IN THE LETTERS OF OLGA FREINDENBERG TO BORIS PASTERNAK IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1940S." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 1 (2020): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-1-144-148.
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The theme of besieged Leningrad contained in the letters of scholar-philologist, culture scientist Olga Freindenberg to her cousin Boris Pasternak is analysed in the paper. Since the correspondence was published relatively recently, its introduction to scientifi c circulation, determination of the subject and intentions of the correspondents seem to be important and topical. The article is intended for specialists-philologists, for all those interested in epistolary heritage of the 20th century. The correspondence between Boris Pasternak and Olga Freindenberg referring to the period of the siege is represented by the author as a specifi c type of combined discourse which unite social and communicative, everyday, signifi cant and symbolic functions. It is a part of the single artistic and semantic canvas, the whole creative heritage of the cousins, the whole of their correspondence which lasted for more than half a century and was based on «everlasting» themes like creative work, meaning of existence, love, faith, humanism. The image of besieged Leningrad is represented in the letters as a starting point for correspondents’ philosophic considerations about such categories as existence, time and space, about meaning of existence. At the same time, the letters demonstrate their authors’ artistic talent and virtuous possession of the word, the ability to say important between the lines. The stylistics of Olga Freidenberg’s epistolary heritage, when syntax, along with lexical fi gurative, gives rise to vivid, tragic paintings of what is described, is analysed in the work.
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Biambazhav, Baiarzhargal. "A study of cases of correspondence of constructions with postpositions to serial verb constructions (based on the material of Mongolian language texts of the 13th, 17th and 20th centuries)." Ethnic Culture 5, no. 4 (November 28, 2023): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-107600.
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The article deals with cases of correspondence of constructions with postpositions to serial verbal constructions, an attempt is made to identify the typological features of verbal serialization in the Mongolian language. As a research material, written monuments of different time slices of the Mongolian language are used, namely Latin transcription of the chronicle “The Secret History of the Mongols” of the XIII century; the chronicle “Altan tobchi” of the 17th century; translation of the “Secret History of the Mongol” into the modern Mongolian language of the XX century. Based on the analysis, the number of similar correspondences on specific time slices was revealed. So, in the texts of older written monuments, one case of the use of serial verbal constructions was found to convey the same meaning, which in the modern text is expressed by a postpositional construction. In all the other 12 cases of such correspondences – the serial construction occurs precisely in the text of the 20th century, there is a tendency for an increase in the number of correspondences of postpositions to serial constructions over the course of the history of the language. Also, based on the considered examples of serial constructions found in our comparative study, we can assume that the Mongolian language is characterized by serialization of an asymmetric type.
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Panov, S. I., and O. Y. Panova. "Materials of 20th-century American writers in Moscow archives 1917–1941." Voprosy literatury, no. 2 (May 6, 2022): 165–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2022-2-165-197.
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This analytical overview of materials located in Moscow archives is devoted to the history of American literature and the Soviet-American literary connections in the years before World War II (1917–1941). These materials document American writers’ contacts with Soviet and international communist organisations, personally with Joseph Stalin, with cultural and literary institutions. The USSR closely monitored the sentiment among American writers, as evidenced by the corpus of correspondence between Soviet literary functionaries and their informants in the USA. Archives of Soviet publishers offer insights into the process of translating and editing American literature as well as creation of theatrical and film adaptations. Readers’ letters from the 1930s demonstrate the mass audience’s enthusiasm for American literature.
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Goldsby, Jacqueline. "“Something is Said in the Silences”: Gwendolyn Brooks’s Years at Harper’s." American Literary History 33, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 244–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajab007.
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Abstract This essay draws upon Gwendolyn Brooks’ 49-year correspondence (1944–93) with her editor Elizabeth Lawrence to trace the “publishing knowledges” that Brooks gleaned during her mid-20th-century career with the US firm Harpers & Brothers. First and foremost, their correspondence richly details Brooks’s growth as an experimental poet with a mainstream commercial firm. The aesthetic sociality of their editorial debates fostered also allowed them to explore personal and political intimacies; in this dimension, their correspondence (both the letters’ contents and epistolary form) sheds light on how Brooks and Lawrence navigated the shoals of race, gender, and liberalism in the notoriously patriarchal corporate culture of mid-20th-century US publishing. Finally, the arc of Brooks’s relationship with Lawrence at Harper’s charts is how US publishing transformed from its corporate to conglomerated forms. Taken together, these epistolary threads not only weave African American poetry into the literary history of an era-defining institutional realignment but also they demonstrate how Brooks’ and Lawrence’s cross-racial solidarity and commitment to an anti-corporate poetics comprise a continuum between Brooks’s career in mainstream US publishing and her later years in the Black independent press in the late 1960s. [P]ublishing at Harper’s was a shrewd, tactical choice [that] . . serve[d] Brooks’s evolving ideologies about art and politics.
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Kniazeva, Jeanna. ""To be strong and civilised at the same time is very difficult..." musicologists about the politics: Jacques Handschin and Higini Anglés, from the correspondence of the 1930s." Muzikologija, no. 20 (2016): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1620053k.
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This article is based on the correspondence between two important European musicologists of the second quarter of the 20th century, Jacques Handschin and Higini Angl?s. I analyse the political problems discussed in these letters as well as the influence of the political beliefs of the both scientists on their scientific concepts.
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Vashchenko, Daria Yu, and Anna A. Plotnikova. "The Slavic Toponymy of Early 20th Century Austria-Hungary in Epistolary Intercourse." Вопросы Ономастики 19, no. 3 (2022): 102–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2022.19.3.032.
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The paper attempts to interpret phonetic, lexical, and graphic features of toponyms mentioned in the letters of the Gradiscan Croats, residents of the Chunovo village (presently, the outskirts of Bratislava in Slovakia on the border with Hungary and Austria). These placenames appear in three languages: German, Croatian, and Hungarian and provide an insight on the whole system of local toponyms (names of villages and towns) in the oral speech of the Chunovo inhabitants of the early the 20th century (1908–1918). About a hundred items are drawn from the correspondence published by local historians in the book of letters from members of the Yandrovich family. The analysis shows that Gradishian-Croatian and German elements predominate over Hungarian ones, even though Chunovo was part of the Hungarian part of Austria-Hungary, and the locals studied the Hungarian language at school and used it in official communication. Particular attention is paid to the specific use of prepositions with toponyms which is an influence of local foreign speech. A significant number of toponymic forms show the traits of Slavic speech rendered in writing, while in some instances the name of the village appears only in the Croatian version. Examples are noted when the Croatian version co-exists with the German or Hungarian. The toponyms with the formant -hof (from German das Hof ‘yard’), which denote parts of villages that have a different proper name, are considered separately. Sometimes the placenames designations in letters can be classified as microtoponyms known only to the correspondents themselves. It is also typical that the names of wealthy employers become the designation of a particular place. The considered epistolary material showcases the specificity of the rural life of Croats at the beginning of the 20th century.
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Teslya, Andrey. "On the Correspondence of V.V. Rozanov and P.P. Pertsov*." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 2 (August 15, 2023): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2023-0-2-475-478.
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In the article the author examines the publication by “Pushkinsky Dom” publishing house in 2023 of the complete version of the correspondence between V.V. Rozanov and P.P, Pertsev in the period of 1896 – 1918. The correspondence accompanied by detailed comments allows to better understand many of the events of Russian intellectual history of the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, but above all provides much information about the outstanding interlocutor of Vasiliy Rozanov, namely Pyotr Pertsov, whose biography and intellectual legacy has been poorly studied as yet.
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Dzienisiewicz, Daniel. "Błędy (orto)graficzne w rosyjskojęzycznych wiadomościach przesyłanych na kartach pocztowych." Studia Rossica Posnaniensia 44, no. 1 (August 8, 2019): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2019.44.1.33.
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The aim of the article is to analyse orthographic errors in Russian postcard messages from the second half of the 20th century. Nearly 240 orthographic errors retrieved from a corpus consisting of approximately 1000 Russian postcards have been classified and examined. The results of the study present the most common mistakes occurring in this type of correspondence.
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Kuzina, Nataliya. "Russian-Catalan Relations of the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Century." ISTORIYA 13, no. 10 (120) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840023314-4.
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This article is devoted to contacts and connections between Catalan and Russian intellectuals, artists in the period from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. These interactions were largely fragmentary, the connections were personal and few, but they significantly influenced the literary and artistic life of Russia and Catalonia. Questions of culture, science and art were the main subjects of conversation between Russians and Catalans. The article highlights such episodes as the correspondence between I. Pavlovsky and N. Ollier, the influence of the Catalan artist M. Fortuny on domestic painters, joint projects of S. Diaghilev and H. Sert, etc.
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Coté, Joost. "Female Colonial Friendships in Early 20th Century Java: Exploring New Correspondence by Kartini’s Sisters." Dutch Crossing 41, no. 1 (March 18, 2016): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2016.1139778.
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Elbanowski, Adam. "„Jesteśmy wspólnikami”: Korespondencja João Guimarãesa Rosy z tłumaczami." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 25, no. 44 (June 15, 2019): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.25.2019.44.06.
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“Yes, We Are Partners”: Correspondence of João Guimarães Rosa with his Translators
In the article I present the correspondence of João Guimarães Rosa with his German, Spanish, Italian, French and American translators. The case of this most outstanding Brazilian novelist of the 20th century is special, because he was a polyglot and he actively participated in the process of translating his works. The main theme of the letters is the translation of his masterpiece, the writer’s only novel – Grande Sertão: veredas (The Devil to Pay in the Backlands). This correspondence provides an insight into the poetics of the Brazilian writer and his theory of translation, shows specific relations connecting him with his translators, and also reveals various translation strategies used by Guimarães Rosa’s translators.
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Orlova, Monika V., and Alexander V. Lavrov. "Two letters from V. Bryusov to P. Bartenev." Literary Fact, no. 17 (2020): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2020-17-343-349.
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The publication complements the materials collected in the book Valery Bryusov as a literary historian (Moscow, 2019, series “Literary Heritage Library”, edited by N.A. Bogomolov and A.V. Lavrov) that contains Bryusov’s correspondence with P.I. Bartenev and N.O. Lerner. The correspondence of Valery Bryusov and Petr Bartenev includes, among others, 39 Bryusov’s letters of 1898–1909, preserved in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts. The corpus of Bryusov–Bartenev correspondence reflects the poet’s work as a secretary, contributor, reviewer in the journal of history and literary history Russkiy Arkhiv (Russian Archive) edited by Bartenev (Bryusov has become an outstanding Russian classical poetry expert of his time). Two more Bryusov’s letters relating to Bartenev’s last years have been recently discovered. They are preserved in the State Literary Museum Manuscript Department and shed light on some details of Bryusov’s relations with Bartenev, as well as their shared interest in classical literature, and provide some additional data for the biographies of Bryusov and his correspondent — a contemporary of Tyutchev, Pogodin, the Aksakovs, an “archive-digger”, described by Bryusov as “a committed publisher of historical materials” and viewed by the poet as a person not at all alien to literature and culture of the early 20th century.
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Bulysheva, Elena V. "V.N. Chuvakov. My Meetings and Correspondence with Elena Aleksandrovna Polevitskaya (1958–1968)." Literary Fact, no. 22 (2021): 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2021-22-146-163.
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The published diary entries of the famous literary critic and bibliographer V.N. Chuvakov are devoted to his meetings with the actress E.A. Polevitskaya in 1958–1961. In the text there is an image of an actress who was extremely popular in the 1910s, who had a long and difficult creative path, but still needed theater and acting. From Polevitskaya’s memoirs about her theatrical activity and about the theater of the early 20th century Chuvakov builds the main plot for him, associated with the name of Leonid Andreev. Fragmentary, inconsistent, but vivid, the actress’ memories about her creative relationships and personal meetings with Andreev complement our ideas about the writer, bring new shades to the picture of theatrical and artistic life of the early 20th century. The publication includes a letter from Polevitskaya to prof. K.I. Platonov, the author of a “forensic psychopathological study” on Andreev’s play “Ekaterina Ivanovna.” In the letter, the actress expounds her original, deep interpretation of the image of the mysterious and attractive Ekaterina Ivanovna and the motivation for her actions. Chuvakov's notes create an idea of Polevitskaya as an actress, capable of seriously, analytically approaching work on the role, delving deeply into the author's intention, which makes the diary's author's conclusion reasonable: Polevitskaya is the best Ekaterina Ivanovna (the heroine of Andreev's play).
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Ananiev, V. G., and M. D. Bukharin. "RUSSIAN ORIENTAL STUDIES IN THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN SERGEI OLDENBURG AND VASILY BARTHOLD." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 1(52) (2021): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-1-104-112.
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One of the most important sources on the history of Russian academic historical science in general and on the history of Russian Oriental studies in particular is the correspondence between the largest researchers of the history of the Near and Middle East, Academician Vasily Bartold and the permanent secretary of the IAS (RAS/AS of the USSR) in 1904–1929 Academician Sergei Oldenburg. The correspondence is kept in the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The documents themselves have not yet been published, and their commented introduction into scientific circulation is only expected. The documents contain detailed information on the development and implementation (both successful and unsuccessful) of research plans of these two major Russian scholars on various turns of Russian history in the late 19th – first third of the 20th century in general and Russian humanities in particular, as well as numerous details of their personal relations and relations with colleagues for more than 30 years. The letters indicate the position of Bartold and Oldenburg not only on the most important academic issues related to European Oriental studies, but also on issues of social and political importance for the fate of Russia. An important aspect of the activities of Bartold and Oldenburg was the work to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, as well as to support public education and higher education. The correspondence between Bartold and Oldenburg is the most important source for reconstructing the scientific biographies of both scholars, as well as for reconstructing the history of Russian (Soviet) science and culture of the late 19th – first third of the 20th century. A brief overview of archival documents predates the publication of all correspondence between Bartold and Oldenburg.
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Lekmanovr, Oleg. "Акмеизм и «Цех поэтов» в оценках критики начала 1910-х годов: цитаты с комментариями." Modernités Russes 10, no. 1 (2010): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/modru.2010.897.
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The paper proposes an analysis of the contrasted reception of the Corporation of the poets and acmeism by readers and literary circles of the beginning of the 20th century. The author used discussions in the press, critical notes, correspondence and fragments from the memories of artists and critics of this time. The contemporaries’ debate makes it possible to determine the place of acmeism in literary history at the time of its birth.
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Cui, Wenqi. "Catholicism on Chinese Education from the 19 Century to 20 Century: Aurora College for Women in Shanghai." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 7, no. 1 (May 17, 2023): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/7/20220813.
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Some studies worldwide have described Catholic schools in China in the 20th century in some detail, encompassing the establishment, causes, and effects of Catholic schools. However, many studies have focused on male missionaries and elite male teaching models, and women have been neglected by academics in the study of Chinese Catholicism. Against this background, this paper examines the Aurora College for Women in Shanghai, the first university in China to admit women in the 20th century by Sisters of the Sacred Heart. To present the experience of Aurora College for Women in Shanghai at different periods and to explore its influence on Chinese education, this paper cites handwritten letters from the sisters of Aurora College for Women in Shanghai from the Italian and Shanghai archives as primary sources. The documents in the Italian Archives are the correspondence and records of the sisters in the archives of the Rome headquarters. These primary sources from the Rome headquarters are rarely cited and are of great importance to the study of the Aurora College for Women in Shanghai. It is also combined with secondary sources, which include newspapers, books, related photography, and government-published intangible cultural heritage (ICH). The study found that the Aurora College for Women in Shanghai was a crucial point in women's education in three parts: (i) the popularization of Catholic schools in China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, (ii) the size and characteristics of the school, (iii) the survival strategy. In addition, the holistic education proposed by the Aurora College for Women in Shanghai concluded that the Aurora College for Women in Shanghai contributed to the education for all and produced independent and self-reliant women. With these findings, this paper explores the spread of Catholicism in China through the lens of women and help enrich the meaning of Catholic schools.
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Billot, Marcel. "Les Archives Marie-Alain Couturier à la Menil foundation." Art Libraries Journal 15, no. 2 (1990): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200006751.
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The Archives Marie-Alain Couturier is devoted to the work of one man and to his achievement in reconciling religious and Modern art. The Archives owes its existence to Père Régamey who was able to keep Père Couturier’s papers together after he died in 1954, and to the intervention of the Menil Foundation in 1975. The Archives has two aims: to publish the writings of Père Couturier together with related material, and to conserve a body of documentation which is indispensable for the study of 20th century art. The Archives comprise Père Couturier’s manuscripts and correspondence, and an extensive file, including correspondence with Matisse, documenting in detail the planning and building of the chapel at the convent at Vence.
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Navickaitė, Marija. "UŽSIENIO LIETUVIŲ KORESPONDENCIJA NELEGALIOJE LIETUVIŲ SPAUDOJE XIX A. PABAIGOJE – 1904 METAIS." Res Humanitariae 30 (December 29, 2022): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v30i0.2464.
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At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Lithuanians who had left for Western Europe and the United States were confronted with a new, modern world, where numerous diaspora centres with a press and organisations formed, and everyday life went on, relations with foreigners developed, and social activities evolved. Conflicts of a religious nature also arose, and the search for a national identity, political differentiation and other processes developed. These aspects of the new life were reflected in various forms in Lithuania as well, one of which was correspondence in the public sphere, in the press. The correspondence not only provided knowledge about Lithuanians in various countries, but also painted a picture of the diaspora and the environment in which they lived. The purpose of this paper is to find out what kind and content of correspondence by Lithuanians who emigrated to the West is found in the illegal Lithuanian press published in Lithuania Minor until 1904, and what trends in the new modern life are revealed in the content of communication from the USA, Great Britain and France.
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Gruia, Ana-Maria. "“Engel Pharmacy “La Coróna”, near the gate of the royal court, Jassy”." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia 66, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhist.2021.2.03.
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"The paper reconstructs the history of the 19th-20th-century Engel pharmacy in Iaşi starting from a lot of items preserved in the History of Pharmacy Collection in Cluj-Napoca. The lot includes numerous drug jars, measuring cups, apothecary working tools, financial documents, prescriptions, correspondence, and various other documents, some of which were recently identified during the renovation of the pharmacy museum in Cluj. The analysis allows one to see the transformation of pharmaceutical practice in Moldavia and Romania between the end of the 19th century and the Second World War and to reconstruct the history of a successful family business. Keywords: history of pharmacy, Iaşi, museum studies, Engel family "
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Zohaib, Muhammad. "Women and Da‘wah in the 20th Century: An Analysis of Maryam Jameelah's Contributions." Journal of Religious and Social Studies 1, no. 01 (June 19, 2021): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53583/jrss02022021.
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Maryam Jameelah was a Jewish-American lady who, after embracing Islam, selected Pakistan as her adopted abode. Mostly her conversion to Islam and fierce criticism of western civilization became the topic of discussion among academics. However, her work for da‘wah, so evident since her childhood, did not find much attention in the literary circles. A study of her life and works can reveal answers to the questions such as how she engaged herself in this field, what is the methodology adopted by her, and how does her work is useful for the women interested in da‘wah. Analyzing her published books and articles along with the unpublished material found in her library, the current paper focuses on the practical aspects of her da‘wah activities. It is argued that being a convert, she was aware of the problems of people who either converted to Islam or had an interest in it. Thus, targeting an English-speaking audience, she did not only write a bulk of literature to disseminate her understanding of Islam in Euro-American communities, but also practically contributed to this field through her discussions with non-Muslims, correspondence, and economic support for Islamic organizations.
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Zohaib, Muhammad. "Women and Da‘wah in the 20th Century: An Analysis of Maryam Jameelah's Contributions." Journal of Religious and Social Studies 1, no. 01 (June 19, 2021): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53583/jrss02.01.2021.
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Maryam Jameelah was a Jewish-American lady who, after embracing Islam, selected Pakistan as her adopted abode. Mostly her conversion to Islam and fierce criticism of western civilization became the topic of discussion among academics. However, her work for da‘wah, so evident since her childhood, did not find much attention in the literary circles. A study of her life and works can reveal answers to the questions such as how she engaged herself in this field, what is the methodology adopted by her, and how does her work is useful for the women interested in da‘wah. Analyzing her published books and articles along with the unpublished material found in her library, the current paper focuses on the practical aspects of her da‘wah activities. It is argued that being a convert, she was aware of the problems of people who either converted to Islam or had an interest in it. Thus, targeting an English-speaking audience, she did not only write a bulk of literature to disseminate her understanding of Islam in Euro-American communities, but also practically contributed to this field through her discussions with non-Muslims, correspondence, and economic support for Islamic organizations.
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Serebriany, Sergei D. "The Correspondence between L.N. Tolstoy and M.K. Gandhi. A Famous, but Under-researched Episode of Russian-Indian Cultural Interrelations." Literary Fact, no. 3 (25) (2022): 252–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2022-25-252-306.
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One of the most often evoked episodes of 20th century Russian-Indian interrelations is a short correspondence between Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869 –1948) and Leo Tolstoy (1828 –1910). The correspondence lasted from October of 1909 up to November of 1910, that is during the very last year of Tolstoy’s life. The “corpus” of this correspondence consists of seven letters: four from Gandhi to Tolstoy and three from Tolstoy to Gandhi. Those letters have been published more than once and translated into various languages. But the circumstances of this correspondence, the history of its study, and the contents of the letters themselves — all this has been researched rather little. This paper is a preliminary study of several friends and associates of Gandhi during his stay in South Africa (1893 –1914). Those people were connected, one way or another, with the correspondence between Gandhi and Tolstoy. Here are their names: 1. Joseph John Doke (1861 –1913), a Baptist priest; he wrote the first biography of Gandhi; 2. Henry Solomon Leon Polak (1882 –1959), a journalist; Gandhi called him “a blood brother;” 3. Pranjivandas Jagjivandas Mehta (1864 –1932), a commersant; he financed a number of Gandhi's “projects;” 4. Louis (or Lewis) Walter Ritch (1868 –1952), a businessman; he corresponded with Leo Tolstoy before Gandhi; 5. Hermann Haim Kallenbach (1871 –1945), an architect; he built a house for Gandhi in Johannesburg; 6. Sonja (Sophia) Schlesin (1888 –1956), Gandhi's secretary and, sometimes, deputy; in his letters Gandhi addressed her as “my dear daughter;” 7. Pauline Podlashuk (1881 –1971), an immigrant from Lithuania; in 1910, she translated for Gandhi from Russian into English the last letter of Tolstoy. The personalities and legacies of these people, including their more or less voluminous correspondences with Gandhi, have been studied rather little. In this paper, problematic issues are defined and perspectives of further research are suggested.
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Gasparyan, Seda. "The Theory of Frame in Rejecting the Rejectionists’ Position on the Armenian Genocide." Armenian Folia Anglistika 11, no. 1 (13) (April 15, 2015): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2015.11.1.167.
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The focus of the present article is the fabricated nature of some rejectionists’ interpretations of the Armenian Genocide brought out by the theory of frame – a reliable instrument widely applicable in cognitive linguistics. Referring to the information accumulated and stored in the memory of humanity and actually reflected in different dictionaries, literary works, official correspondence and documents, the author draws the readers’ attention to the background significance of the concepts Armenian and Turk in the cognizance and evaluation of the genocidal events in Western Armenia at the beginning of the 20th century.
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Corpuz, Jeff Clyde G. "No-jab, no-job clause: ethical issues and legal impediments." Journal of Public Health 43, no. 2 (April 7, 2021): e405-e406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab089.
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Abstract Vaccination is considered to be one of the greatest public health achievements in the 20th century. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered a worldwide debate and legal exemption of vaccination and its possible consequences. Now that COVID-19 vaccination programme has started, there is immense pressure from the general public. Following the recent correspondence where the authors have rightly stated the need to take seriously the ethical issues under the COVID-19 vaccination, this paper highlights the ethical and legal impediments of ‘no-jab, no-job clause’ arising in many countries.
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Olmstead, Andrea. "The Copland–Sessions Letters." Tempo, no. 175 (December 1990): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200012547.
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Significantly, two of the best known 20th-century American composers, both Brooklyn-born, did not meet each other on US soil. Aaron Copland and Roger Sesssions first met in Paris in 1924 at Nadia Boulanger's apartment. In 1926 a long correspondence began that lasted until the 1970s, but which was concentrated in the decade 1926-1936: of the 107 extant letters between them, fully ninety fall into this decade. Clearly, in 1936, a falling out occurred between the two composers; at the end of this article, I shall hazard a hypothesis as to why.
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Larin, Andrey. "“Russian Prestige” vs “Charm of the British”: Categories of Perception of Russian-British Rivalry in Qajar Iran." ISTORIYA 13, no. 7 (117) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840022007-6.
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The article is devoted to the categories of description of the Russian-British rivalry in Qajar Iran in the Russian socio-political discourse of the 19th — early 20th century. Attention is focused on the use of such categories as “prestige”, “charm”, “dignity”, “Russian/British name” in different contexts of describing the competition of powers and making comparisons between them. Using a variety of materials, including diplomatic correspondence, reports, personal materials, press, it is shown that these concepts, although very abstract, played an important role in formulating the agenda and developing motivation for political decisions.
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Erdmann, Finni Jo. "Korrespondenzen mit Konrad Adenauer – ein Erfinder und seine Patentanwälte." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 69, no. 1 (March 12, 2024): 57–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2023-0018.
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Abstract Among German private inventors, former Federal Chancellor Dr. Konrad Adenauer is a peculiar case. Despite his (few) successful patents and his fame as a politician, hardly any aspects of his inventive activity have been studied scientifically so far. His correspondence with several patent attorneys lends itself to the following question: What functions could patent attorneys fulfil for private inventors in the first half of the 20th century? Using Adenauer as an example for this, it will be examined which roles his patent attorneys played for him and what added value resulted for Adenauer.
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Shchitova, Svitlana, and Ivan Laskurin. "The improvements balalayka repertoire in the XX century." Музикознавча думка Дніпропетровщини, no. 18 (November 16, 2020): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/222026.
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The purpose of this article is to reveal the features of concert and instrumental music for balalaika in the 20th century by the example of the Concert for balalaika with orchestra by P. Gaydamaki. The methods of this scientific item are based on the research ways of historical and performing analysis. There is using of empirical methods, a namely observation and generalization. The scientific novelty for this investigation is determined by the appeal to the compositions of the academic instrumental repertoire of the balalaika of the 20th century, as the least studied cultural and historical period in the field of academic balalaika performing. Conclusions. The formation and development of the balalaika as an academic tool, began its journey from the 20th century and continues today. A historically significant role in this belongs to the outstanding composer, teacher, performer, conductor, arranger Vasily Vasilievich Andreev and his followers. Today, balalaika as an instrument is actively developing in Ukraine. The repertoire is replenished with new works, new methodological collections are issued, the instrument continues to sound both solo and as an integral part of folk ensembles of small and large forms, orchestras. Since 1965, the genre of solo balalaika concert in Ukraine begins its history. One of its first authors can be considered Peter Danilovich Gaydamakа. The concert of P. Gaydamakа, which became the material of our research, is an example of the use of new achievements in performing, technical techniques, finding balance, dynamic and timbral correspondence for parts of balalaika and orchestra. The Concerto for balalaika and orchestra by P. Gaydamakа is having a big form as a base. Difficulties in realizing the large form for the balalaika, problems in building the dramaturgy of the material, the difficulty of balancing the dynamic and expressive capabilities of the instrument, prompt composers to further discoveries that contribute to the expansion of the repertoire for balalaika as an academic instrument in Ukraine.
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Kapitonenkov, Alexey M. "On the issue of stereotypes in the assessments of Stolypin agrarian reform." Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2020-3-44-53.
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The article, based on speeches, circulars and personal correspondence of P. A. Stolypin, as well as other materials, reveals the goals, content and methods of large – scale agrarian reforms of the beginning of the 20th century, which went down in history as the Stolypin agrarian reform. Despite more than a century of study and a huge historiography, P. A. Stolypin’s agrarian transformations continue to be the subject of acute scientific and political discussions. At the same time, P. A. Stolypin’s agrarian transformations have always been and still remain one of the most politicized topics in Russian history, and this has fully affected their study. This study shows the inconsistency of a number of stereotypical ideas that prevent an unbiased approach in evaluating the reform.
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Gushchian, L. S. "To the history of the formation of the Iranian collections in the Russian Ethnographic Museum fund." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 3 (44) (September 2020): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2020-3-18-21.
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The mechanisms of formation of the Iranian funds of the Russian Ethnographic Museum are analyzed in the article. The series of collections acquired at the beginning of the 20th century for this collection, indicates the relevant interest towards the multi-ethnic culture of Iran, in which female images, with an outstandingly exotic character for Europeans, have a special place. The accompanying archival materials of the collections, in particular, the correspondence between expeditionist-collector S. Ter-Avetisyan, a student of the Imperial St. Petersburg university, and the curator of the museum K. Inostrantsev, demonstrate, on the one hand, the wide range of research programs of the orientalist s tudents at the beginning of the last century, and on the other, a researcher’s high status in the Russian Empire
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Rodríguez Fidalgo, Mª Isabel, Adriana Paíno Ambrosio, Begoña Gutiérrez San Miguel, and Josefina Cuesta Bustillo. "“From a Woman’s Pen”: an analysis of women’s correspondence to Miguel de Unamuno in the first third of the 20th century." Arenal. Revista de historia de las mujeres 29, no. 2 (December 4, 2022): 587–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/arenal.v29i2.15740.
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The figure and work of Miguel de Unamuno has been an object of investigative interest from different academic areas and perspectives. Of particular importance is the study of the correspon- dence that the Spanish thinker had with prominent personalities of his era. In this regard, one cannot overlook the rich legacy that exists in the Unamuno House-Museum, property of the University of Salamanca, which makes up the writer’s archive of correspondence, with over 25,000 letters. In this investigation, we have explored a field that had remained largely unknown: the correspondence that the former Rector of Salamanca received from the pen of relevant women in the first third of the 20th century. Through a content analysis of a selection of 40 women, we have studied the exchange of ideas that they expressed in their letters and which they wanted to share with the writer. The results elucidate clear connections between certain historical events linked to the figure of Unamuno and the sociological problems these women experienced.
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Ilahiane, Hsaïn, and Thomas K. Park. "SOURCES FOR THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY OF RURAL MOROCCO." International Journal of Middle East Studies 33, no. 2 (May 2001): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743801002057.
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This paper explores the utility of 19th- and 20th-century taxation and court records as tools for mapping the changing social topography of rural Morocco. Little serious work has been done with such records to date, and it is hoped that this paper will encourage more researchers to use this material.1 As a subset of the Moroccan official record, legal and tax records obviously have an epistemological character differing from that of private correspondence and even other administrative records. Yet in the post-modern era, it is obvious that this cannot be simply reduced to the official record providing us with truth while private correspondence is a mixture of fiction and possible truth. All sources need to be scrutinized both in the traditional ways of the historian and, more generally, as reflecting social forces conceived broadly.
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Madge, Nicolas John. "Infernal Tambopata. British Involvement in Twentieth Century Slavery in Peru and Bolivia." Revista de Historia de América, no. 165 (May 31, 2023): 127–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35424/rha.165.2023.1975.
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The Putumayo Atrocities (murder, torture, Slavery of indigenous rubber workers) committed by the British registered Peruvian Amazon Company are well known. The official response of the British Government was that there was no direct British involvement; they were an aberration. There is though much evidence that during the early years of the 20th century, other British rubber companies in the Amazon Basin used the enganche por deudas bonded labour system. This article, adopting a granular approach, examines the activities of one British company, the Tambopata Rubber Syndicate, concentrating on its barracas at San Carlos and Marte, between 1907 and 1913. Using unpublished sources (diaries, correspondence and company records) it reveals direct British involvement in slavery. It details ill-treatment of indigenous workers and demonstrates the human consequences of rubber exploitation.
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Šuplinska, Ilga. "CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PUBLISHING HOUSE OF LATGALE CULTURE CENTRE IN THE 90TIES OF 20TH CENTURY: DISCOURSE OF LANGUAGE." Via Latgalica, no. 8 (March 2, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2016.8.2231.
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Considering that at the moment we are working on a broader study about the Latgalian literary trends in modern times (since the 90s of the 20th century), policy determination of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre is an important stage in Latgalian publishing. Originally the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre brings together the brightest Latgalian writers, researchers and is the only centre of books published in Latgalian, but at the turn of the century due to various factors the situation changes. In this article correspondence of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre (1990–1997) is used as a source of research from copies of letters which are kept at the research centre of Baltic philology at Rēzekne Academy of Technologies (21 sets of letters with a 191 letters); an interview with the Head of the publishing house Jānis Elksnis and separate articles in periodicals on the activity of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre are sources of this research. The aim of this article is with the help of the mentioned correspondence and available documents to reveal the book publishing policy of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre, its role in Latgalian book publishing, as well as to focus attention on the understanding of the functionality of Latgalian language development in this correspondence and operating policies. Theoretical basis includes ideas of critical discourse analysis represented by Norman Fairclough (1995) and socio-cognitive approach represented by Teun van Dijk (2006), highlighting the role of discursive practices in creating stereotypes and influence of social identity on the creation of specific ideology.Existence of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre all this time, of course, is the merit of the dedication and enthusiasm of the head of the publishing house J. Elksnis. In literary critical terminology, we can say that all the time the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre is in a border situation: during the 90s of the 20th century there were a relatively large number of Latgalian writers and scientists, but the publishing, book distribution, marketing skills of the publishing house employees were negligible.This situation was more favourable for Latgalian literature and activity of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre in general during the first decade (1999–2008) of the 21st century: the total number of books published: 241; books published in Latgalian: 81; 5 of them published repeatedly. Throughout the period of existence of this publishing house (according to the available data) 562 books were published, 135 of them in Latgalian or bilingual editions (18 books published repeatedly).Analysis of the correspondence gives a possibility to understand why many problems connected to the Latgalian culture and language are being dealt with so slowly or continue to be unimportant and unknown to wider public.First, assessing the initial stage of activity of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre, it comes obvious that efforts of the non-governmental organizations, dedication and enthusiasm of individual personalities can explain or activate some process, but the solution of the problem or maintenance of a process in long term needs a broader institutional support and focused planning of publishing. On the one hand, the formally defined status of Latgalian “as a historical option of the Latvian language” does not create obstacles for the usage of Latgalian in further and optional education, publishing of books and periodicals and its usage in local municipalities. On the other hand, such status is like a throwback which is remembered about only during pre-election and in discourse on separatism and as a threat to the development of the Latvian literary language and as a tool for entertainment industry to create comical effect or contribute to the development of pop music in another region.Second, the internal disagreement, which emerged in the correspondence between freelancers and volunteers during the 90s, was mainly attributable to the language reform and divided the intellectuals who wrote and read in Latgalian, as a result of which most of elder generation authors protected catholic standards and stood up for the preservation of P. Strods’ writing and V. Locis’ traditions, as well as it was supported by the catholic church in their choice of language to print religious texts, and it was also adopted by the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre. Hence the main mission of the Publishing House of Latgale Culture Centre – to cultivate Latgalian language and develop literature – was functioning only in one direction (especially after the adoption of spelling rules in 2008) – maintenance of literary almanac “Olūts” and edition “Tāvu zemes calendars” and creating the background literature, which in fact promoted the so-called third dialect and prevented the young and middle generation from involvement in the development Latgalian cultural environment.
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Samarskaia, L. M. "Arab Nationalism in Palestine in the Beginning of the 20th Century." MGIMO Review of International Relations 12, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-4-67-54-71.
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The article is dedicated to the emergence of the Arab national movement at the beginning of the 20th century. This topic is still relevant in our days since revealing the origins of political and social processes in the Middle East of the 21st century is necessary for their understanding. The main issues which are considered by the author are the following: which factors had crucial influence on the emergence of Arab nationalism (panarabism as well as regionalism), when exactly it was formed and what were the specifics of its emergence in Palestine.The author defines three main periods in the genesis and formation of the Arab national movement at the beginning of the 20th century. The first is the Nahda, the Arab cultural revival of the second half of the 19th century, which became a foundation for the later development of nationalist ideas. However, the author tries to show that the cultural revival itself was not nationalistic. The second key period is the political expression of the Arab national movement in the first decades of the 20th century, with the ottomanist and later pan-Turkist policy of the Ottoman government having the decisive influence. This policy was nationalist in essence. Zionism, as noted in the text, was not such an important issue for the nascent pan-Arab movement before the First World War, although it caused concern among the locals in Palestine. The third key stage, that was decisive in the Arab national development, is the Great Arab Revolt, which, despite the fact that it was not massive and universal, forced the pan-Arab movement enter the international arena for it attracted the attention of the great powers – mainly with the help of McMahon–Hussein correspondence. In result, during the postwar settlement, pan-Arabism became more popular and internationally recognised phenomenon, although eventually it happened to be divided into a multitude of regional movements, in particular – Palestinian nationalism fostered by the Anglo-French division of influence zones in the Middle East.In general, the formation of the Arab national movement was a multidimensional and gradual phenomenon influenced by a variety of factors. At the same time, the emergence of the regional groups had its own specifics; originally belonging to the Pan-Arab movement, although with their own features, after the First World War these groups became largely independent.
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ACKERMANN, SILKE. "DORMANT TREASURES THE ZINNER-ARCHIVE AT FRANKFURT UNIVERSITY1." Nuncius 16, no. 2 (2001): 711–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539101x00631.
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Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title Ernst Zinner was one of the best known historians of instruments of the 20th century. The following brief remarks are meant to give an introduction to the archives of his notes, correspondence and photographic records, and to trace the fate of this material from Zinner's desk in Bamberg to the library of the Institute for the History of Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University at Frankfurt / Main. Mention is also made of Zinner's extensive book and manuscript collections which do not form part of the archive, but were sold to the library of San Diego State College, California.
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Helman-Bednarczyk, Zofia. "The New Edition of Chopin’s Correspondence." Musicology Today 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/muso-2016-0009.
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Abstract Some of Fryderyk Chopin’s letters were published individually or in groups already in the 2nd half of the 19th century. With the passage of time, more letters from and to Chopin were printed in monographs dedicated to his life and work. The first editions of Chopin’s collected letters come from the 1st half of the 20th century (by Scharlitt and von Guttry in Germany, Henryk Opieński – in Poland). B.E. Sydow’s Fryderyk Chopin’s Correspondence of 1955 continues to be used as the basic source edition by Chopin biographers. It has many strong points, but has become largely outdated. The research project dedicated to the new source edition of Chopin’s correspondence is implemented at the Institute of Musicology, University of Warsaw by Zofia Helman, Zbigniew Skowron and Hanna Wróblewska-Straus. It aims to edit and publish all the preserved letters written to and from Chopin. As a result of many historical cataclysms in the 19th and 20th centuries, some of Chopin’s letters have been lost or dispersed. Our edition consists of 3 volumes (Vol. I – Warszawa 2009, Vol. II – in print, Vol. III – in preparation). All the letters have been edited from sources: the preserved autographs by Chopin and other persons, autograph reproductions in various publications (if the original is now lost or inaccessible), and if reproductions are also unavailable – on the basis of a selected edition (not necessarily the first). Our edition is also the first to include summaries of lost letters to Chopin (based on Karłowicz’s publication of 1904). In comparison with earlier editions, the number of published letters has increased, and we added descriptions of the autograph sources that we used as the basis for our edition. Earlier dating of letters which contain no date in the manuscript has been verified, and some dates – changed or established for the first time. Commentaries and notes accompanying the letters are significantly more extensive in this edition than in any previous one, and they include: remarks on text edition, biographical notes for persons mentioned in the letters, explanations concerning places, identification of musical and literary works, theatrical plays and other works of art referred to in the letters; historical commentary on the events described; information concerning cultural life (concerts, opera and theatre performances). We have frequently had to confront confabulated material repeated for many years in musicological studies and deeply rooted in collective awareness. We have also corrected numerous misspelt surnames and thus pointed to the true identity of many hitherto unidentified figures. Our research on the letters has made it possible to establish or confirm some facts from Chopin’s life, such as new details of his stays in Munich and Stuttgart on the way to Paris in 1831, the exact date of his arrival in Paris (5th October 1831), details of Chopin and Hiller’s trip to Aachen to the music festival of the Lower Rhine, to Düsseldorf (in May 1834), as well as the definite date of the Polish concert in the Parisian Théâtre-Italien (4th April 1835).
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Sękowska, Elżbieta. "List jako źródło do rekonstrukcji historii polskiego językoznawstwa." Białostockie Archiwum Językowe, no. 20 (2020): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/baj.2020.20.19.
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Correspondence between linguists, apart from their scientific work, is a source of knowledge about the origins and evolution of Polish linguistics in contemporary version on the turn of the 20th century. This article analyses letters of five scholars: Jan Baudouin de Courtenay, Jan Łoś, Kazimierz Nitsch, Jan Michał Rozwadowski and Henryk Ułaszyn. The letters originated during the period 1898–1931; the correspondence between Nitsch and Ułaszyn continued until 1955. Emphasis was put on selected topics: conducted original work, establishment of Rocznik Slawistyczny – a critical journal in the field of Slavic Studies, shaping the scientific profile of the following journals: Poradnik Językowy and Język Polski. Letters, as factual material, demonstrate not only academic relations between Polish and foreign linguists, but also daily life, attitudes and plans of the scholars. Their analysis may be a valuable supplement to data derived from biograms, memoirs and theoretical elaborations.
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Simard, Isabelle, Hubert Morin, and Bruno Potelle. "A new paleoecological approach to reconstruct long-term history of spruce budworm outbreaks." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 428–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-215.
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A new paleoecological indicator was used for retracing the long-term history of spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) outbreaks from forest humus. Macrofossil analyses were performed on 28 forest soil profiles (1020 cm) collected in four balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) stands located north of Lake Saint-Jean, Quebec. Direct evidence of the presence of spruce budworm was found. Few pupa fragments were present in the profiles, but the most abundant and well-preserved macrofossils collected were spruce budworm feces. The feces found were associated in part with the three outbreaks that occurred during the last century around 1914, 1952, and 1979. Good correspondence was obtained between the macrofossil results and the known dynamics of two stands, Lib20 and Lib23. However, the method failed to detect specific outbreaks in the other two stands, Lib21 and Lib24. A complementary macrofossil study was conducted on deeper humus profiles (4770 cm) collected on two islands of Mingan Archipelago. The outbreak history of the last century was retraced, and it was established that spruce budworm was present in the Mingan Archipelago since at least 1520 years BP. The greatest numbers of spruce budworm feces were found in the first 20 cm of the humus profiles corresponding approximately to the 20th century period. Afterward, an important reduction in numbers of feces was observed. This may be attributable to lower levels of spruce budworm populations before the 20th century or the intensification of decomposition with increasing humus depth.
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Винокуров, С. Е. "Eastern bestiary of Ural artistic cast iron of the early 20th century." Iskusstvo Evrazii [The Art of Eurasia], no. 1(32) (March 30, 2024): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46748/arteuras.2024.01.008.
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Статья посвящена особенностям репрезентации образов реального и фантастического животного миров, созданных в восточной художественной традиции, в ассортименте уральских чугунолитейных предприятий. Ставится вопрос о причинах включения этих моделей в основной ассортимент заводов, а также раскрывается соответствие моделей ведущему стилю рубежа XIX–XX веков. Материал исследования тематически сгруппирован на изображения представителей орнитофауны и образы фантастических зверей и земноводных. Анализ произведений сопровождается рассмотрением символического значения образов в русле восточной художественной и мифологической традиций. Определяются особенности используемых моделей, а также трансформация восточных прототипов во время моделировки: наделение предметов функциональностью, добавление отдельных элементов и другие. Выделяются аналоги чугунных моделей в искусстве Китая и Японии, часть из них видоизменена в русле развития европейской художественной промышленности. На основе анализа одного из образов, а также обнаруженного точного аналога высказывается предположение о возможности работы Каслинского завода в начале XX века с реальным китайским произведением. The article is devoted to the features of the representation of images of real and fantastic animal worlds, created in the Eastern artistic tradition, in the assortment of the Ural cast iron factories. The question of the reasons for the inclusion of these models in the main assortment of the factories is raised, and also the stylistic correspondence of the models with the leading style of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries is revealed. The material of the study is divided thematically into images of representatives of avifauna and images of fantastic animals and amphibians. The analysis of the artworks is accompanied by a consideration of the symbolic meaning of the images in the context of Eastern artistic and mythological traditions. The author defines the features of the models used, as well as the transformation of the oriental prototypes during modelling: endowing objects with functionality, adding individual elements, and others. The analogues of the cast-iron models in the art of China and Japan are highlighted, some of them modified in line with the development of the European art industry. On the basis of the analysis of one of the images, as well as the discovered exact analogue, it is suggested that the Kasli factory could have worked with a real Chinese artwork at the beginning of the 20th century.
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Malta, André. "Traduções em prosa da Odisseia de Homero: exemplos e problemas." Nuntius Antiquus 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1983-3636.10.1.5-15.
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My aim is to discuss four Portuguese translations of Homer’s Odyssey. Two were written in prose (by Dias Palmeira/ Alves Correia and by Jaime Bruna), in the 20th century, and two in free verse (by Frederico Lourenço and by Donaldo Schüler), in the 21st century. A quick review of these examples reveals that all of them want to recover Homer’s narrative fluidity, without giving attention to its main formal aspects – which surely enhance the understanding of the contents. As to the latest versions, it is possible to claim that, despite the impressive differences between them, deployment of a free verse betrays the goal of only establishing a line by line correspondence between the original text and the translation, and in the end the principles of a prose translation seem again to guide these versions to Portuguese.
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Misnikevich, Tatiana Vladimirovna, and Aleksandr Sergeevich Aleksandrov. "A. A. IZMAILOV AND H. H. YASINSKY: AN EPISTOLARY DIALOGUE." Russkaya literatura 2 (2023): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2023-2-158-168.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the main topics, personalities and events touched upon in the long-term epistolary dialogue between Alexander Alekseevich Izmailov (1873–1921) and Hieronymus Hieronymovich Yasinsky (1850–1931), whose names are extremely signifi cant for the history of the Russian literature and journalism of the late 19th — early 20th century. Apart from highlighting the nuances of their relationship and clarifying certain instances of their life stories, the correspondence between the two writers describes the literary fi eld as a whole, since Izmailov and Yasinsky determined the policies of the major popular editions and were instrumental in shaping the literary reputations of the writers of various trends in 1890s — 1910s.
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Misnikevich, Tatiana Vladimirovna, and Aleksandr Sergeevich Aleksandrov. "A. A. IZMAILOV AND H. H. YASINSKY: AN EPISTOLARY DIALOGUE." Russkaya literatura 2 (2023): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2023-2-157-168.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the main topics, personalities and events touched upon in the long-term epistolary dialogue between Alexander Alekseevich Izmailov (1873–1921) and Hieronymus Hieronymovich Yasinsky (1850–1931), whose names are extremely signifi cant for the history of the Russian literature and journalism of the late 19th — early 20th century. Apart from highlighting the nuances of their relationship and clarifying certain instances of their life stories, the correspondence between the two writers describes the literary fi eld as a whole, since Izmailov and Yasinsky determined the policies of the major popular editions and were instrumental in shaping the literary reputations of the writers of various trends in 1890s — 1910s.
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Rubakin, N. A. "Russian Readers and Their Environment." Book. Reading. Media 1, no. 1 (February 2, 2024): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/brm-1-1-7.
Full textAbstract:
The article by Nikolai A. Rubakin (1862–1946) was first published in the journal Bulletin of Knowledge in 1905. This is a reworking of a lecture given him in Penza. The author argues the relevance of the chosen topic and its practical interest. He believes that the history of reading is the history of public thought, criticism, creativity, attitudes to various cultural demands and innovations of the early 20th century. According to N. A. Rubakin the reader is one of the main figures of society. The author gives quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Russian reader based on correspondence with readers, information from periodicals, statistics and other sources.
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Stanevičius, Ignas. "Jesuit Fathers Beyond the Iron Curtain: Directions and Challenges of Lithuanian Jesuit Exiles in the 20th Century." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 53 (June 25, 2024): 74–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2024.53.5.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the directions and challenges of the activities of Lithuanian Jesuits in exile from 1931 to 1990. The study utilizes archival Jesuit documents such as annual meeting reports, meeting protocols, correspondence, and memoirs. In 1948, with the approval of the Jesuit leadership in Rome, the Jesuits established a vice-province that brought together all the priests separated from the native Lithuanian Jesuit province. The challenges of emigration compelled the monks to adapt to the everyday life of the new world, nurture the spirit of Jesuit life, and preserve their national identity. Jesuits continued their missionary work beyond the borders of the vice-province, undertaking missions in Canada, South America, and Uruguay. The expansive geographical scope of their activities raised concerns regarding the spiritual calling of the Jesuits themselves. Simultaneously, the decrees of the Second Vatican Council had a parallel influence, prompting Jesuits to reconsider their affiliation with the order.