Academic literature on the topic '2018 a-849'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic '2018 a-849.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
Souto, Miguel Abel. "Money Laundering, Cybercrime and Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons." Internal Security 12, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3193.
Full textAbstract:
Directives 2015/849 and 2018/843 on money laundering require continuous adaptations of the legal framework to respond to threats of the use of new technologies in money laundering. Directive 2018/843 extends the scope of Directive 2015/849 to ‘providers engaged in exchange services between virtual currencies and fiat currencies, as well as custodian wallet providers’. Undoubtedly, the new payment systems facilitate money launderers’ criminal activity. These systems are better than cash for moving large sums of money, non-face to face business relationships favour the use of straw buyers and false identities, the absence of credit risk, as there is usually a prepaid option, discourages service providers from obtaining complete and accurate customer information, and the nature of the trade and the speed of transactions make it difficult to control property or freezing. However, the development of technologies, including the Internet, has unquestionable advantages involved and even provides, through online resources, verification of identity or other duty of surveillance for the prevention of money laundering. In addition, the reform of June 22, 2010 introduced in Spain the criminal liability of legal persons and incorporated money laundering, together with other crimes, to this innovative model of criminal responsibility. Soon after, Organic Law 1/2015, of March 30, modified the hitherto barely applied regulation. In conclusion, the use of dummy corporations for money laundering is frequent, as is evidenced by the judgements of the Supreme Court of June 26, 2012 and February 4, 2015, but until recently the accessory consequences and the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil were sufficient.
2
Souto, Miguel Abel. "Money laundering, cybercrime and criminal responsibility of legal persons." REVISTA CAP JURÍDICA CENTRAL 3, no. 5 (December 31, 2019): 231–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29166/cap.v3i5.2260.
Full textAbstract:
Directives 2015/849, and 2018/843 on Money Laundering require continuous adaptations of the legal framework to respond to threats of the use of new technologies in money laundering. Directive 2018/843 extends the scope of Directive 2015/849 to providers engaged in exchange services between virtual currencies and fiat currencies as well as custodian wallet providers. Undoubtedly, the new payment systems facilitate money launderers’ criminal activity. These systems are better than cash for moving large sums of money, non-face to face business relationships favour the use of straw buyers, and false identities, the absence of credit risk, as there is usually a prepaid payment, discourages service providers from obtaining a complete, and accurate customer information, and the nature of the trade, and the speed of transactions make it difficult to control property or freezing. However, the development of technologies, including the internet, has unquestionable advantages involved and even provides, through online resources, verification of identity, or other duty of surveillance, for the prevention of money laundering. In addition, the reform of June 22, 2010 introduced in Spain the criminal liability of legal persons, and incorporated money laundering together with other crimes to this innovative model of criminal responsibility. Soon after, Organic Law 1/2015, of March 30, modified the hereto barely applied regulation. Itis quite surprising that Organic Law 1/2015 boasts of making a technical improvement, as it incurs obvious contradictions by exempting criminal liability to legal persons for a money laundering, that should not have existed due to the adoptionand effective execution of suitable or adequate compliance programs to prevent it, as well as taking into account to limit the punishment non-serious breaches of supervisory, monitoring, and control duties, when letter b) of the first paragraph of article 31 bis only takes into consideration serious breaches of those duties. Already in 2010, in order to introduce the criminal liability of legal persons, the Spanish Legislator invoked the alleged need to comply with international commitments. However, this model of responsibility was not mandatory, because international agreements normally only require effective, proportionate, and dissuasive sanctions. In addition, managers and executives, who have not adopted an effective compliance program, will be held liable together with the company, given that now all act as police officers. In conclusion, the use of dummy corporations for money laundering is frequent, as it is evidenced by the judgments of theSupreme Court of June 26, 2012, and February 4, 2015, but until recently, the accessory consequences and the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil were sufficient.
3
Miłkowski, Tomasz. "THE EUROPEAN UNION AND TERRORIST THREATS: THE NEXT STEP (PART II)." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 3, no. XXIII (September 30, 2023): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9515.
Full textAbstract:
The first article in the series describing changes in the perception of terrorist threats across the European Union focuses on illustrating the new approach of the European Union, consisting primarily in rejecting the division into physical and cyber threats and recognizing the role of private entities in preventive actions and noticing the problem of radicalization to a greater extent. In addition, strategic documents adopted at the EU level were presented in a broader context. Finally, the most important solutions resulting from the adoption of Directive 2017/541 on combating terrorism were analyzed. In the second part, the reader’s attention will focus on the issue of combating, preventing and eliminating the possibility of financing terrorism. In addition to indicating the main solutions at the EU’s level (Directive 2015/849 and 2018/843), the results of their implementation into the national legal order were also indicated.
4
Panico, Paolo. "Private Foundations and EU beneficial ownership registers: towards full disclosure to the general public?" Trusts & Trustees 26, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttaa055.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Directive (EU) 2015/849, known as the “4th AML Directive”, introduced an obligation on all EU Member States to create and maintain registers of the beneficial owners of their companies and trusts. Prior to such measures coming into force in most member states, Directive (EU) 2018/843, known as the “5th AML Directive”, further introduced some significant changes to the functioning of such registers and, in particular, to the access to their information. This article considers the impact of the rules introduced under the 5th AML Directive on private foundations. After a brief analysis of the relevant provisions in the Directive, it focuses on three member states in particular: Austria, Malta, and Belgium.
5
Uzel, Kaya. "Book Review." Journal of Legal Anthropology 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jla.2018.020214.
Full text
6
Cook, Nigel S., Konstantinos Kostikas, Jean-Bernard Gruenberger, Bhavik Shah, Purnima Pathak, Vinay Preet Kaur, Alaknanda Mudumby, Rajat Sharma, and Florian S. Gutzwiller. "Patients' perspectives on COPD: findings from a social media listening study." ERJ Open Research 5, no. 1 (February 2019): 00128–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00128-2018.
Full textAbstract:
We utilised social media listening (SML) to obtain patients' perspectives on symptoms, diagnosis and comorbidities associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its impact on patients' quality of life (QoL).A comprehensive search on social media platforms was performed for English language content posted between July 2016 and January 2018 using COPD-related terms. Social Studio, a social media data aggregator tool, was used to capture relevant records. The content was manually curated to analyse and map psychological aspects with descriptive statistics applied on aggregated findings.A total of 849 posts from patients or caregivers (“patient insights”) were considered for the analysis, corresponding to postings of 695 unique individuals. Based on 734 mentions of symptoms from 849 posts by potential patients/caregivers, cough (27%), mucus (25%) and shortness of breath (21%) were the most frequent; analysis by perceived COPD severity indicated these to be common across all severities. Difficulty in mucus clearance (24% of 268 mentions) and sadness (40% of 129 mentions) were top among the aspects impacting physical and emotional QoL, respectively.SML from patients with COPD indicated that relief from cough, mucus production and shortness of breath would be the most desirable aspects of disease management from a patient's perspective.
7
Kant, Uzma Ali, Maria Zubair, Fuad A. K. Niazi, Qamar Farooq, Sumra Munir, and Seher Umer. "Frequency, Etiology and Leading Causes of Pre-Senile Cataract: A Descriptive Study." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 25, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v25i2.1550.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Cataract is generally caused due to physical aging, but in some cases, there are chances that it may develop in early ages (Pre-senile cataract). Pre-senile cataract is believed not to be primary in nature and some underlying ocular/systemic/environmental factor is causing the lens opacification at an early age. This study aim was to determine frequency and risk factors of pre-senile cataract in our populationMethods: this observational study at Outdoor Patient - Eye in Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi (BBH), for the period from December 2017 to June 2018. Cataract was diagnosed on slit lamp examination. Detail history, Ocular and systemic examination was done for all pre-senile cataract cases. Laboratory/radiological investigations were performed when and where required. Using the Excel spreadsheet, Statistical analysis of descriptive data was carried out.Results: A total of 11448 patients were examined, whereby cataract was found in 849 (7.41%) patients. Out of these 849, 165 (19.43%) cases were pre-senile cataract. Pre-senile cataract was most seen in age group 30-49 86 (52.13%) and among women 93 (56.36%). The identified causes were idiopathic 55 (33.3%), diabetes 45(27.3%) and Steroids and other drugs related 33 (20.0%). posterior sub-capsular cataract is 60(36.36%) was most identified type in the study among pre-senile cataract.
8
Brulińska, Małgorzata. "Aspekty prawne przeciwdziałania i zwalczania prania pieniędzy w Polsce. Wyzwanie dla polskich instytucji finansowych." Studia Iuridica 77 (March 20, 2019): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1862.
Full textAbstract:
This publication consists of two parts: The first part concerns new challenges, which financial institutions will have to meet on the basis of the new act on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism (Dz.U. 2018, item 723), which came into force on 13 July 2018 and implement the provisions of Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2015/849 of 20 May 2015 to the Polish legal system. and introduces revised Financial Task Force (FATF) recommendations. The changes are aimed to increasing the effectiveness of the national system of counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism and will have a significant impact on the functioning of the Polish financial institutions. The second part focuses on presenting long-term challenges in the area of AML (Anti-Money Laundering) / FTR (Financial Transaction Report) that will be faced by Polish financial institutions. The research problem is the question, which legal challenges will appear for the Polish institutions at the time of entry into force of the Act of 1 March 2018 on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism and what new challenges will face the legislator (and not only legislator) in the further future.
9
Ahtik, Meta, Ozren Pilipovic, and Miran Marelja. "Economic analysis of money laundering prevention in Croatia and Slovenia." Journal of Money Laundering Control 22, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-01-2018-0009.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to focus on the role of reporting entities, e.g. banks, other financial institutions, legal professionals, in the prevention of criminal offenses connected with money laundering in Croatia and Slovenia. Design/methodology/approach The methodology of the economic analysis of law is used to analyze the effectiveness of laws in Croatia and Slovenia regarding the definition and the role of reporting entities in money laundering prevention in these two countries. A comparative approach is also used as the authors compare the effectiveness of Slovenian and Croatian legal systems and their compatibility with EC Directive (2015/849). Findings The authors find that banks have long clinged to the guaranteed confidentiality of deposits, which means that money laundering has undoubtedly brought them some benefits in the short term. The prevention of money laundering for banks is not free. The measures imposed on the bank by legislation (encouraging these banks to a higher level of demand for preventive behavior) entail costs that go beyond the direct, visible benefits of the implemented measures. However, a functioning and stable financial system has a number of externalities, of course, which are also enjoyed by banks. Originality/value The paper focuses on economic analysis of Croatian and Slovenian legal systems with regards of the regulation of role of reporting entities in the prevention of money laundering which produce certain costs and benefits for the financial system and reporting entities as whole. The paper also uses the comparative approach to address the problem of compatibility of Croatian and Slovenian legal system with the EC Directive (2015/849).
10
Popova, G. A., N. B. Rogalskaya, and V. M. Trofimova. "World’s genetic resources of the VIR flax collection in the creation of Tomsk selection varieties." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 53, no. 4 (May 21, 2023): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2023-4-4.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the study of 30 flax samples of different ecological and geographical origin from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) are presented. The varieties of the Russian selection 14, Chinese 6, Ukrainian 5, French 4, Belarusian 1 have been investigated. The influence of genotypes and weather conditions on the manifestation of economic traits by multivariate analysis of variance has been established. Field studies were conducted in the sub taiga zone of the Tomsk region in 2015-2017. Natural and climatic conditions met the requirements for the cultivation of fiber flax. By total and technical stem length the best varieties of the Chinese selection Heiya 4 (K-8485), Sxy 7 (K-8689), the Russian hybrid Tomsk 16 * Success (K-8544), the French variety Drakkar (K-8493), the Ukrainian Glazur (K-8695), 66-72 and 60-66 cm respectively, were significantly higher than the standard Tomsk 16. According to the fiber content in the technical part of the stems (38-40%) the following varieties were the leaders: the Russian selection P-3989 (K-8672), A-236 (K-8692), M-249 (K-8693), the French selection Alizee (K-8494), Agatha (K-8492), Melina (K-8495), and the Ukrainian selection Vruchy (K-8694), were significantly above the Tomsk 16 standard. By the fiber mass (91-104 mg) the French varieties Drakkar (K-8493) and Alizee (K-8494), the Ukrainian varieties Vruchii (K-8694) and Glazur (K8695), the Russian varieties A-236 (K-8692) and M-249 (K-8693) reliably exceeded the Tomsk 16 standard by 6-44 mg. The flax varieties of the Russian selection P-3989 (K-8672), Dobrynya (K8504), A-236 (K-8692), the Chinese Heiya 4 (K-8485), Heiya 13 (K-8486), Tyy 13 (K-8687), the French Agatha (K-8492), Drakkar (K-8493), Alizee (K-8494), Melina (K-8495), and the Ukrainian Gladiator (K-8505) and Vruchiy (K-8694) were recognized as promising and were included in the breeding process as male seed parents. The resulting hybrid material has been on trial in the selection nursery from 2017 and the second year of breeding from 2021.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M. Abbas, Foad Abd-Allah, Abdishakur M. Abdulle, Semaw Ferede Abera, et al. "Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016." Elsevier, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625866.
Full textAbstract:
Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. Findings Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124.1 million DALYs [95% UI 111.2 million to 137.0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122.2 million DALYs [110.3 million to 133.3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83.0 million DALYs [78.3 million to 87.7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89.9 million DALYs [80.9 million to 98.2 million]), high body-mass index (64.8 million DALYs [44.4 million to 87.6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63.8 million DALYs [53.2 million to 76.3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9.3% (6.9-11.6) decline in deaths and a 10.8% (8.3-13.1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14.9% (12.7-17.5) of deaths and 6.2% (3.9-8.7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12.4% (10.1-14.9) of deaths and 12.4% (10.1-14.9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27.3% (24.9-29.7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks. Interpretation Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
2
Duong, Phuoc Tra My <1991>. "WHAT MAKES OPPO SUCCEED IN THE VIETNAM MARKET? Background of the study Vietnam has become an emerging country and attractive retail market in the globe (Deloitte, 2014). Modern retail platform was introduced and have been blooming in Vietnam such as convenience stores, special stores and shopping centers (Trinh & Tran, 2014). The country is in the progress of transforming into digital economy, evidenced through high growth in electronic commerce and customer interaction through social network, etc. (Cameron et al., 2019). According to the Statista (2020), number of smartphone users in Vietnam was nearly 36 million in the end of 2019 and it is expected at 43 million by 2022. The growth in smartphone market was captured at 84% in 2017 and 95% of people in the cities have owned smartphone while the percentage of people with smartphone usage in rural area is reached up 68% (Nielsen, 2019). One of the attractive points in smartphone market is high population based with more than 94 million people (General Statistics Office, 2020). Vietnamese people spent more time reading news, playing games and conducting social interactions through social media network (Appota, 2018). These factors promote the entry of giant smartphone and electronic manufacturers such as Samsung and LG. Samsung has penetrated Vietnam for a long time and the Korean manufacturers established some factories in the country to enjoy lower tax rate and attractive labor cost (Sturgeon & Zylberberg, 2016)." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17718.
Full textAbstract:
Rationales
Currently, Vietnamese people have variety of product choice in smartphone market. The survey conducted by Q&Me (2018) revealed top smartphone brands in Vietnam, including Apple, Samsung, Oppo, Xiaomi and Nokia, in which the first three smartphone brands have gained high brand recognition from the respondents. Key competitive advantage of Apple is luxurious and strong proud-to-have image while Samsung is positioned as a band of quality and design and Oppo is more famous in term of its camera features (Q&Me, 2018). However, Apple has not been setup its official store in Vietnam while Samsung and Oppo have been integrated this modern sales services in big cities and provinces and both of them gained reasonably high market share of more than 63% (Vietnam Insider, 2019). When comparing between Samsung and Oppo, the researcher identifies that Korean manufacturer made its entry to Vietnam since 2009 while Oppo, a Chinese smartphone manufacturer, have been entered the market since 2013. The gap is four year with advantage belonged to Samsung since it has established factories in the country. However, the market share between Samsung and Oppo is not so large. While Samsung consumed 38.44% of the market, Oppo was ranked in second place with 25.2% of the market share that turned Oppo to be second largest smartphone brand in Vietnam (Vietnam Insider, 2019). The question is how Oppo succeed in Vietnam has been raised after examining these figures or what the business model that is being adopted by Oppo to gain success in Vietnamese market. In addition, the researcher identifies that most of empirical evidences developed for Vietnam’s smartphone market focused on either consumer behavior in general (Wollenberg & Thuong, 2014) or consumer purchase and repurchase intention (Tran, 2018) or the role of mobile devices in retail industry (Dinh, 2017). There were no empirical evidences to explore the success of a smartphone manufacturer through their business model in the country. Thus, this study is developed under the urgent need of verifying business model of Oppo in order to identify its competitive advantages in comparison with other smartphone manufacturers.
Research objective and research questions
The study is developed with main objective of exploring the success of Oppo in Vietnam’s smartphone market. This research objective is supported following research questions:
• What are the opportunities and challenges in Vietnam’s smartphone market?
• How to address the success of Oppo in Vietnam’s smartphone market in comparison with other smartphone manufacturers through the analyses of components in Business Model Canvas?
• Which part of the smartphone manufacturers should take account to gain advantages in the Vietnam market?
3
Fernando, Marcial Chiqueva. "Factores do insucesso escolar - um estudo feito a partir da Escola Primária Árvore do Conhecimento Nº 84, ano lectivo de 2016/2017." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/12003.
Full textAbstract:
Orientação: José Bernardino DuarteO objectivo desta dissertação é reflectir sobre a temática dos Factores do Insucesso Escolar: um estudo feito a partir da Escola Primária Árvore do Conhecimento Nº 84, ano lectivo de 2016/ 2017. De modo geral, designa-se de Insucesso Escolar a falta de aprovação numa determinada classe. Fizemos um recuo histórico e apresentamos as Teorias Explicativas do Insucesso Escolar e estas Teorias revelaram-nos que o Insucesso Escolar resulta da relação negativa entre a expectativa das crianças e a cultura dominante da Escola. O caminho seguido foi o da escuta: escutamos os sujeitos da nossa pesquisa que são o director, os professores e os alunos sobre a temática dos Factores do Insucesso Escolar no ensino primário. Eles dizem que para se atenuar o Insucesso Escolar no ensino Primário na Escola em análise é preciso: aumentar mais turmas a fim de se acabar com as salas ao ar livre; implementar o pré-escolar; criar mais condições de recreação para os alunos; criar mais reuniões com os encarregados de Educação; gratificar bem os professores e capacitá-los periodicamente com seminários. Fizemos análise dessas declarações e de factos mencionados e no final fazemos sugestões de melhoria da situação de Insucesso Escolar.
Objective of present dissertation is to analyze about Factores of School Inadequacy: studies made from Primary School named Tree of Knowledge nambar 84, during the years 2016/2017. Gemerally, School Inadequacy is when the student doesn’t get school success. We have presented explaining Theory School inadequacy from where was possible to understand that School Inadequacy is a result of children negative relatiobship expectative the culture of the school. We have hearing method, starting from headmaster, teacher and students about Factores of School inadequacy in the Primary teaching. All of them answered by I the same voice that to made up school inadequacy is necessary to increase classrooms, avoiding those who are orking in the open air, to improve pre-school, to create conditions for children recreation, meeting forever with parents, to wage we weel teachers and work to workshop them. Therefore, became clear dissertatiom conclusions word and sustained hypothesis.
4
Coelho, Felipe Santos. "Insolvência transfronteiriça: a relocalização do cip do devedor e a problemática do forum shopping no âmbito de aplicação do regulamento (UE) 2015/848 (reformulação)." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/85799.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito: Especialidade em Ciências Juridico-Forenses apresentada à Faculdade de DireitoO objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar os processos de insolvência de caráter transfronteiriço de sociedades e pessoas coletivas que possuem seu centro de interesses principais dentro da Comunidade Europeia, compreendidos no âmbito de aplicação do Regulamento (UE) 2015/848 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 20 de maio de 2015, relativo aos processos de insolvência, em contraste com a problemática do forum shopping.A percepção desse fenômeno acontece por meio do exercício da liberdade de estabelecimento, que uma sociedade utiliza para migrar o seu CIP de um Estado-Membro para outro, com a intenção de requerer a abertura de um processo de insolvência em uma determinada jurisdição, que contenha um direito substantivo mais favorável aos seus interesses e/ou de seus credores.A fim de preservar o bom funcionamento do mercado interno da União Europeia, a preocupação em distinguir entre o bom forum shopping e o mau forum shopping é constante, dessa maneira, evitar incentivos que levem as partes transferir bens e ações judiciais de um Estado-Membro para outro, de forma abusiva e fraudulenta em prejuízo do interesse coletivo dos credores deve ser necessariamente afastada. .
The objective of this paper is to analyze cross-border insolvency proceedings of companies and legal persons which have their center of main interests within the European Community within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of May 20, 2015, relating to insolvency proceedings, in contrast to the problem of forum shopping.The perception of this phenomenon occurs through the exercise of freedom of establishment, which a company uses to migrate its CIP from one Member State to another, with the intention of requesting the opening of insolvency proceedings in a particular jurisdiction, containing a substantive right more favorable to their interests and / or their creditors.To preserve the smooth functioning of the internal market of the European Union, the concern to distinguish between good forum shopping and bad forum shopping is constant, thus avoiding incentives for the parties to transfer assets and legal actions of a Member State to another, abusively and fraudulently to the detriment of the collective interest of creditors must necessarily be avoided. .
5
Fernandes, Maria Francisca de Araújo Almeida Outeiro. "Crime de corrupção no sector privado, lei nº 20/2008." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/28873.
Full textBooks on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity. Legislative hearing on H.R. 357, H.R. 562, H.R. 631, H.R. 844, H.R. 1305, H.R. 1316, H.R. 1402, a draft of a bill entitled "Improving Job Opportunities for Veterans Act of 2013," and a draft of a bill entitled "To amend title 39, United States Code, to extend the authority to provide work-study allowance for certain activities by individuals receiving educational assistance by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs": Hearing before the Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity (EO) of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, Wednesday, April 10, 2013. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2014.
Find full text
2
Nicaragua. Código penal de la República de Nicaragua: Incluye apéndice 1 del Código penal, Ley no. 779, Ley integral contra la violencia hacia las mujeres y de reformas a la Ley no. 641, Código penal; Ley no. 846 de reformas a la Ley no. 779, publicada en la Gaceta Diario Oficial no. 185 del 01/10/13; Ley no. 839 de reformas al artículo 236 del Código penal, publicada en la Gaceta Diario Oficial no. 113 del día 19 de junio de 2013. Managua: Servicios Culturales Nicaragüenses Sociedad Anónima (SENICSA), 2014.
Find full text
3
Watt, Gary. Equity & Trusts Law Directions. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198804703.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams, and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. This book explains the key topics covered on equity and trusts courses. The content of the text is designed to emphasise the relationship between equity, trusts, property, contract, and restitution to enable students to map out conceptual connections between related legal ideas. There is also a focus on modern cases in the commercial sphere to reflect the constantly changing and socially significant role of trusts and equity. The book starts by introducing equity and trusts. It then includes a chapter on understanding trusts, and moves on to consider capacity and formality requirements, certainty requirements, and the constitution of trusts. Various types of trusts are then examined such as purpose, charitable, and variation trusts. The book then describes issues related to trusteeship. Breach of trust is explained, as is informal trusts of land. There is a chapter on tracing, and then the book concludes by looking at equitable liability of strangers to trust and equitable doctrines and remedies. This new edition includes coverage of significant recent cases, including Patel v Mirza [2016], Supreme Court on the right to recover wealth transferred between parties to an illegal scheme; Burnden Holdings (UK) Ltd v Fielding [2018] UKSC 14; [2018] 2 WLR 885, Supreme Court on limitation of actions; Barnett v Creggy [2016], Court of Appeal on breach of trust and limitation of actions; Singha v Heer [2016], Court of Appeal on facts giving rise to declaration of trust; Clydesdale Bank plc v John Workman [2016], Court of Appeal on dishonest assistance in a breach of trust; Bathurst v Bathurst [2016], on variation of trusts; Newman v Clarke [2016], on fiduciary conflict of interest; RBC Trustees (CI) Ltd v Stubbs [2017], on rectification of a trust deed on the ground of mistake; Erlam v Rahman [2016] EWHC 111 and JSC Mezhdunarodniy Promyshlenniy Bank v Pugachev [2017] EWHC 2426, on ‘sham” trusts’. It also provides coverage of the 2017 Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds Regulations (SI 2017/692 as well as the EU Fourth Money Laundering Directive ((EU) 2015/849), as amended by the The EU Fifth Money Laundering Directive ((EU) 2018/843)
4
Synaesthesia and the Ancient Senses. Routledge, 2014.
Find full text
5
Márquez-Peláez, Sergio, Juan Antonio Blasco-Amaro, and Mª José Aguado-Romeo. Incompatible living-donor kidney transplantation (an update). AETSA Área de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias de Andalucía, Fundación Progreso y salud. Consejería de Salud y Familias. Junta de Andalucía, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52766/kpnf6027.
Full textAbstract:
Background This report responds to a need to update the available information about incompatible living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) previously published in 2014 which, based on 14 case series and 1 cohort study, concluded that this type of transplants could be a therapeutic option with survival, graft and patient outcomes, adequate and similar to a compatible living-donor kidney transplant, however, these report only included ABO-incompatible information. Objective The purpose of the report is to provide updated evidence on effectiveness and safety in terms of graft survival and survival of patients undergoing incompatible LDKT. Method To answer the question a systematic review of the literature was carried out, by updating the structured searches of the previous existing report. The selection of the references was carried out first by title and abstract. Next, the full-text papers were selected by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, defined a priori, by a single researcher. In the same way, we proceeded to extract the data from the articles finally selected, and their synthesis in tables similar to those of the previous report, with special attention to the HLA incompatibility LDKT data, since no information was collected in the previous report. Results From 232 localized references, 35 papers on incompatible LDKT have finally been included, 16 with information on HLAi transplant patients and 19 with ABO incompatible transplant patients. In all cases, case series with or without a control group and a very limited number of patients were treated, only 1 study registered more than 1000 patients undergoing incompatible LDKT in 22 centers (Orandi et al. 2014) in the case of HLAi. The information on graft survival in patients undergoing HLA-incompatible LDKT at 1 year is between 90 % (Laftavi et al. 2011) and 100 % (Blumberg et al. 2013; Yamanaga et al. 2013), while the data recorded over five years survival were lower, from 69 % (Couzi et al. 2015) to 94.7 % (Jakson et al. 2015). The 1-year patient survival registered was found between 90.5 % by Sharif et al. 2014 and 100 % (Blumberg et al. 2013 and Laftavi et al. 2011). The 5-year patient survival recorded is in the range of 59.2 % (in one of the subgroups described by Orandi et al. ) when the other HLAi subgroup does offer similar figures to the rest of the studies, around 86 % survival and the 5-year value provided by Kim et al. which registered 95.8 %. In general, for LDKT with ABO incompatibility, the results of the previous review from 2012 are maintained, with a 1-year graft survival in ABOi-type living donor kidney transplants recorded in up to 8 of the 19 included studies and one 84 % minimum (Bachmann et al. 2018). For patient survival at 1 year, it is 100 % or very close in all the studies on ABOi and figures are high, but somewhat lower, for patient survival at five years (between 92 % of Melexopoulus et al. and 97.7 % from Subramanian et al.). Conclusions There is great variability in the information presented by the studies, so that it make difficult to group together. The quality of the evidence is very limited, as these are case series studies with a high risk of bias, many without a control group, and others with comparative cohort results (historical retrospectives). However, the results shown are consistent and the claims of the previous 2012 report are maintained. Graft survival and patient survival for patients undergoing HLA-incompatible LDKT are high and comparable to values offered by ABOi transplants and ABO compatible transplants. In the studies on LDKT with ABOi data, the results collected on both survival variables maintain the statements of the previous report, remaining at high values. A single localized study about economic efficiency aspects was carried out in the United States, the authors conclude that the LDKT can be an efficient option in terms of cost per QALY, although this conclusion is not directly transferable to our National Health System.
6
Martínez, José, ed. Jahrbuch des Agrarrechts. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748925545.
Full textAbstract:
In the XV. volume on the Yearbook on Agricultural Law, current problems in agricultural law are examined and legal solutions are presented. Internationally, South Korea‘s approach to deregulation of farmland ownership restrictions and forced utilization is provided, and de minimis aid is explained from a Polish perspective. In terms of labelling law, the innovations and opportunities on the EU Organic Regulation No. 2048/848 are discussed. In a further contribution, the legal instruments of the Common Agricultural Policy are evaluated in various crisis scenarios. In addition, the increasing integration of environmental and climate protection concerns into the Common Agricultural Policy is documented. Another article focuses on the Common Fisheries Policy from the perspective of state aid law. This volume also continues the comprehensive overview of the monographs and journal articles on German and foreign agricultural law published between 2018 and 2020, which were included in the library of the institute. With contributions by Gottfried Holzer, Teahuan Keum, José Martínez, Georg Miribung, Rudolf Mögele and Aneta Suchon.
7
Bunik, Maya. Breastfeeding Telephone Triage and Advice. 2nd ed. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581109528.
Full textAbstract:
Created by a leading breastfeeding and phone care practitioner, this newly revised problem-solver helps nurses, lactation professionals, and other medical staff confidently advise breastfeeding mothers. It is ideal for use with the acclaimed AAP Pediatric Telephone Protocols. For quick and convenient access, 65 practice-tested protocols are grouped by topic area including: Mother Milk Expression Baby--Early and Later Special Circumstances. More than 50 illuminating photos help triagers zero-in on caller problems. NEW in the 2nd Edition! New protocols -- breast pain chronic >1 week... low milk supply with older baby >6 months... marijuana use....MRSA...sleepy newborn New content throughout -- all sections and references thoroughly updated Essential new information on medications -- including responses to key questions triagers receive from nursing moms NEW quick-reference tables: Pain in breastfeeding Touchpoints for overcoming obstacles to exclusivity NOTE: 1st Edition ebook format of Brestfeeding Telephone Triage and Advice (MA0636) is available for sale for customers interested in purchasing a copy, through October 2015 by contacting AAP Customer Service at csc@aap.org or by calling (847) 434-4000, or toll free (866) 843-2271.
8
Collectif. parc du luberon a pied 2008 - 84-pr- pn01. FFRP, 2008.
Find full text
9
Collectif. parc du luberon a pied 2008 - 84-pr- pn01. FFRP, 2008.
Find full text
10
Penteado, Maurício Cintra do Prado de Salles. Identificação dos gargalos e estabelecimento de um plano de ação para o sucesso do programa brasileiro do biodiesel. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-373-2.
Full textAbstract:
A crescente pressão mundial pelo desenvolvimento de tecnologias automotivas menos poluentes de emissões de combustíveis, incluindo o de combustíveis alternativos, foi a forma de impulsionar a tecnologia do Biodiesel, de origem não fóssil, derivado de fontes renováveis, visando substituir, gradualmente, o uso do óleo diesel, na matriz energética mundial. A diretiva americana “Clean air Act amendment of 1990”, a Lei S-517 e a diretiva européia “2003/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 May 2003” instituíram a adição do Biodiesel no óleo diesel. Dentro deste contexto, o Biodiesel necessita ser implementado no Brasil, de maneira gradual. A Lei brasileira 11097/05 tornou obrigatória sua adição de 2% (Biodiesel B2), em 2008 (ou de cerca de 840 milhões de litros de Biodiesel, do montante estimado de demanda do óleo diesel, de 42 bilhões de litros, em 2008), e de 5% (Biodiesel B5), em 2013. O objetivo deste trabalho é o de se identificarem alguns gargalos existentes, no âmbito técnico-econômico, no Programa Brasileiro do Biodiesel, e o de se estabelecer um plano de ação para o sucesso da implementação deste programa. No plano de ação, estão traçados possíveis cenários, com dois focos distintos: o de receita líquida máxima ao governo, sendo esta uma visão parcial de custeio (através dos cenários de substituição de importações do óleo diesel pelo Biodiesel e da introdução de óleo diesel / Biodiesel em veículos leves), e o do número máximo de empregos gerados, em 2008 e em 2013. A metodologia de pesquisa se baseia em pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise de dados coletados, que apontam para a urgente necessidade de isenção de impostos e de subsídios governamentais, para se viabilizar a produção das oleaginosas da mamona e da soja, a preços competitivos em relação ao óleo diesel. Dentro deste contexto, a mamona só se torna viável no âmbito social e técnico-social, de geração máxima de empregos, ao passo que as demais podem ser inseridas no contexto econômico e técnico-econômico, de receita líquida máxima ao governo.
Book chapters on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
Malisch, Rainer, Peter Fürst, Kateřina Šebková, Daria Sapunova, and Jiří Kalina. "Time Trends in Human Milk Derived from WHO- and UNEP-Coordinated Exposure Studies, Chapter 3: Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)." In Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk, 543–600. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34087-1_14.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTemporal trends of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were assessed using 86 pooled human milk samples from 59 countries from all United Nations Regional Groups collected between 2008 and 2019 as part of the WHO/UNEP-coordinated exposure studies. The primary objective of these temporal studies is to provide monitoring data for the effectiveness evaluation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). General temporal trends were estimated using data from all participating countries by grouping into three equal four-year periods (2008–2011, 2012–2015, and 2016–2019) reflecting the performance of three rounds of the studies. A more precise approach is the use of data from 24 countries with repeated participation in the WHO/UNEP-coordinated exposure studies, 22 of them in different periods and two in the same period. However, there were no Western European countries with multiple participation, and only two countries from the Asia-Pacific Region with one country submitting two samples in the same period.The country-specific PFOS data showed decreasing tendencies in 19 of the 22 countries with participation in different periods, quite constant levels in two countries and increasing tendencies in one country (from its first participation in 2010 to the second participation in 2015). For the two countries with repeated participation in the same period, it does not seem appropriate to derive country-specific temporal tendencies. An overall decrease of PFOS concentrations over 10 years of 48% and 52%, respectively, was calculated by the Theil–Sen method (1) using all samples and (2) using samples from countries with repeated participation. PFOA concentrations showed decreasing tendencies in 17 countries of the 22 countries with participation in different periods, quite constant levels in two countries and increasing tendencies in three countries (from their first participation between 2009 and 2011 to the second participation in 2015). An overall decrease over 10 years for PFOA concentrations of 42% and 47%, respectively, was calculated by the Theil–Sen method (1) using all samples and (2) using samples from countries with repeated participation. The estimation of general temporal trends for PFHxS was not possible, as in 84% of the samples PFHxS concentrations were below the limit of quantification (5.7 ng/L).
2
Krätschmer, Kerstin, Walter Vetter, Jiří Kalina, and Rainer Malisch. "WHO- and UNEP-Coordinated Human Milk Studies 2000–2019: Findings of Chlorinated Paraffins." In Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk, 343–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34087-1_10.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractChlorinated paraffins (CP) are complex mixtures of several million theoretically possible individual compounds. Contrary to medium-chain CP (MCCP, C14–C17) and long-chain CP (LCCP, C18–C30), the third sub-group investigated, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP, C10–C13), have been listed in 2017 in Annex A (Elimination) of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. The concentrations of CP were determined in 84 nation-wide pooled human milk samples collected between 2009 and 2019 in 57 countries participating in exposure studies coordinated by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme. Until 2015, only total CP content was determined. In light of on-going efforts to also add other CP groups to the Annexes of the Stockholm Convention and the glaring lack of data on the general background contamination worldwide, later analysis determined SCCP and MCCP and investigated the presence of LCCP (C18–C20 only). CP were present in all 84 samples, ranging 8.7–700 ng/g lipid. A statistically significant increase rate of total CP concentrations in human milk of 30% over 10 years was found on a global level, with a considerable variation between UN Regional Groups. Homologue group patterns indicated higher shares of MCCP and LCCP in industrialized countries and economically dependent areas. Compared to all other POPs analysed in the samples, the concentration of the sum of SCCP and MCCP was in most cases only surpassed by DDT, except European countries with high shares of PCB. Considering the ubiquitous presence of CP in humans worldwide, further investigation into toxicological effects and human exposure seems more pressing than ever, so that regulatory action may follow.
3
Garrido-Cumbrera, Marco, Victoria Navarro-Compán, Christine Bundy, Raj Mahapatra, Souzi Makri, Pedro Plazuelo-Ramos, and Denis Poddubnyy. "Introduction." In Axial Spondyloarthritis: Patient-Reported Impact in Europe, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97606-4_1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), a chronic inflammatory condition that encompasses radiographic (also known as ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) and non-radiographic (nr-axSpA) forms of the disease (Rudwaleit et al. Ann Rheum Dis 68:777–783, 2009), can lead to chronic pain, structural damage, and disability. While understanding of the pathophysiology of axSpA and its management (classification, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment) has increased over recent years (Sieper and Poddubnyy Lancet (london, England). 390:73–84, 2017), still relatively little is known about the disease from the perspective of the patient.
4
Vizzarri, Matteo, Roberto Pilli, Anu Korosuo, Ludovico Frate, and Giacomo Grassi. "The Role of Forests in Climate Change Mitigation: The EU Context." In Climate-Smart Forestry in Mountain Regions, 507–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80767-2_15.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe European Union (EU) aims at reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. Within the land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sector, forestry will contribute to this target with CO2 sink, harvested wood products (HWP), and use of wood for material or energy substitution. Despite the fact that the forest sink currently offsets about 9% of the total EU GHG emissions, evaluating its future mitigation potential is challenging because of the complex interactions between human and natural impacts on forest growth and carbon accumulation. The Regulation (EU) 2018/841 has improved robustness, accuracy, and credibility of the accounting of GHG emissions and removals in the LULUCF sector. For the forest sector, the accounting is based on the Forest Reference Level (FRL), i.e., a projected country-specific value of GHG emissions and removals against which the actual GHG emissions and removals will be compared. The resulting difference will count toward the EU GHG target for the period 2021–2030. Here, we provide an overview of the contribution of forests and HWP to the EU carbon sink for the period 2021–2025 (proposed FRLs) and focus on the contribution of mountain forests to the EU carbon sink, through exploring co-benefits and adverse side effects between climate regulation and other ecosystem services.
5
Pfirman, Stephanie, and Gisela Winckler. "Perspectives on Teaching Climate Change: Two Decades of Evolving Approaches." In Transforming Education for Sustainability, 325–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13536-1_19.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSince 1996, Columbia University and Barnard College have required that undergraduate environmental majors take “Earth’s Environmental Systems: Climate.” The class is co-taught by 2–3 professors and is offered by different teams in fall and spring semesters. As one of the longest, continuously running, required classes on climate in the world, tracing changes in the content of this class, as well as the perspectives of its professors and students, provides insight into the evolution of climate change from a component of Earth’s system, to an international crisis. This chapter discusses the experiences of teaching undergraduate students - both science majors and non-majors - about Earth’s climate system and the risks facing the planet and society. Drawing on 845 student course evaluations and 20 survey responses from co-teachers and teaching assistants, we trace how the course, students, and faculty have evolved over two decades (1996–2018) as the earth warmed, environmental and ecosystems changed, projections of future impacts became more robust, demand for adaptation strategies and mitigation actions increased, and public discourse became polarized. We reflect on how, as we adjusted to these trends, we moved beyond our scientific training to discuss decision-making and actions within an increasingly charged national discourse.
6
Nyhammar, André Olsson, and Erik Olsson. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Swedish Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series, 473–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51245-3_28.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this chapter we seek to highlight that much of the social protection granted to Swedish nationals within Sweden is not in any direct sense extended beyond its borders. The state policy towards the diaspora can be generally understood as a policy that tries to “integrate” its nationals abroad, rather than encouraging and “building” them as a diaspora. Neither is servicing the Swedish nationals abroad a major priority for any Swedish governmental body. The protection that exists for Swedish nationals abroad is mostly concerned with visitors and short-term issues. To some extent, such protection is downgrading the special requests from the diaspora. The chapter also discusses those few areas of social protection that receive greater support and integration as well as the changes that are potentially taking place. It is concluded that although Sweden could be conceived as a weak “emigration-state” (Gamlen, Polit Geogr 27: 840–856, 2008) that, to some extent, neglects its diaspora, the state is not entirely disengaging with its nationals abroad.
7
Malisch, Rainer, Alexander Schächtele, Ralf Lippold, Björn Hardebusch, Kerstin Krätschmer, F. X. Rolaf van Leeuwen, Gerald Moy, et al. "Overall Conclusions and Key Messages of the WHO/UNEP-Coordinated Human Milk Studies on Persistent Organic Pollutants." In Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk, 615–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34087-1_16.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBuilding on the two rounds of exposure studies with human milk coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the mid-1980s and 1990s on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), five expanded studies on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were performed between 2000 and 2019. After the adoption of the Stockholm Convention on POPs (the Convention) in 2001, WHO and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) collaborated in joint studies starting in 2004. The collaboration aimed at provision of POPs data for human milk as a core matrix under the Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) to assess the effectiveness of the Convention as required under Article 16. Over time, the number of analytes in the studies expanded from the initial 12 POPs targeted by the Convention for elimination or reduction to the 30 POPs covered under the Stockholm Convention and two other POPs proposed for listing as of 2019. Many of these chemicals have numerous congeners, homologous groups, isomeric forms, and transformation products, which significantly extends the number of recommended analytes.In the studies between 2000 and 2019, 82 countries from all five United Nations regions participated, of which 50 countries participated in more than one study. For the human milk samples of the 2016–2019 period, results are available for the full set of 32 POPs of interest for the Convention until 2019: (i) the 26 POPs listed by the start of the study in 2016; (ii) decabromodiphenyl ether [BDE-209] and short-chain chlorinated paraffins [SCCP] as listed in 2017; (3) dicofol and perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA] as listed in 2019; (4) medium-chain chlorinated paraffins [MCCP] and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS] as proposed for listing. This is a unique characteristic among the core matrices under the GMP.Four key messages can be derived: These studies are an efficient and effective tool with global coverage as key contributor to the GMP. After collection of a large number of individual samples (usually 50) fulfilling protocol criteria, pooled samples are prepared using equal aliquots of individual samples (physical averaging) and are considered to be representative for a country, subregion or subpopulation at the time of the sampling. The analysis of pooled representative human milk samples by dedicated Reference Laboratories meeting rigorous quality criteria contributes to reliability and comparability and reduces uncertainty of the analytical results. Additionally, this concept is very cost-effective. These studies can be used for regional differentiation based on concentrations of individual POPs between and within the five UN Regional Groups (African Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eastern European Group, Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries; Western European and Others Group). For some POPs, a wide range of concentrations with up to three orders of magnitude between lower and upper concentrations was found, even for countries in the same UN region. Some countries had levels within the usual range for most POPs, but high concentrations for certain POPs. Findings of concentrations in the upper third of the frequency distribution may motivate targeted follow-up studies rather than if the observed level of a POP is found in the lower third of frequency distribution. However, the concentration of a POP has also to be seen in context of the sampling period and the history and pattern of use of the POPs in each country. Therefore, results are not intended for ranking of individual countries but rather to distinguish broader patterns. These studies can provide an assessment of time trends, as possible sources of variation were minimized by the survey concepts building on two factors (sampling design; analysis of the pooled samples by dedicated Reference Laboratories). The estimation of time trends based on comparison of median or mean concentrations in UN Regional Groups over the five surveys in five equal four-year periods between 2000 and 2019 provides a first orientation. However, the variation of the number of countries participating in a UN Regional Group in a certain period can influence the median or mean concentrations. Thus, it is more prudent to only use results of countries with repeated participation in these studies for drawing conclusions on temporal trends. The reduction rates in countries should be seen in context with the concentration range: A differentiation of high levels and those in the range of the background contamination is meaningful. If high levels are found, sources might be detected which could be eliminated. This can lead to significant decrease rates over the following years. However, if low background levels are reported, no specific sources can be detected. Other factors for exposure, e.g. the contamination of feed and food by air via long-range transport and subsequent bioaccumulation, cannot be influenced locally. However, only very few time points from most individual countries for most POPs of interest are available, which prevents the derivation of statistically significant temporal trends in these cases. Yet, the existing data can indicate decreasing or increasing tendencies in POP concentrations in these countries. Furthermore, pooling of data in regions allows to derive statistically significant time trends in the UN Regional Groups and globally. Global overall time trends using the data from countries with repeated participation were calculated by the Theil–Sen method. Regarding the median levels of the five UN Regional Groups, a decrease per 10 years by 58% was found for DDT, by 84% for beta-HCH, by 57% for HCB, by 32% for PBDE, by 48% for PFOS, by 70% for PCB, and by 48% for PCDD and PCDF (expressed as toxic equivalents). In contrast, the concentrations of chlorinated paraffins (CP) as “emerging POPs” showed increasing tendencies in some UN Regional Groups. On a global level, a statistically significant increase of total CP (total CP content including SCCP [listed in the Convention in 2017] and MCCP [proposed to be listed]) concentrations in human milk of 30% over 10 years was found. The studies can provide the basis for discussion of the relative importance (“ranking”) of the quantitative occurrence of POPs. This, however, requires a differentiation between two subgroups of lipophilic substances ([i] dioxin-like compounds, to be determined in the pg/g [=ng/kg] range, and [ii] non-dioxin-like chlorinated and brominated POPs, to be determined in the ng/g [=μg/kg] range; both groups reported on lipid base) and the more polar perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS); reported on product base [as pg/g fresh weight] or on volume base [ng/L]. For this purpose, results for the complete set of the 32 POPs of interest for the 2016–2019 period were considered. By far, the highest concentrations of lipophilic substances were found for DDT (expressed as “DDT complex”: sum of all detected analytes, calculated as DDT; maximum: 7100 ng/g lipid; median: 125 ng/g lipid) and for chlorinated paraffins (total CP content; maximum: 700 total CP/g lipid; median: 116 ng total CP/g lipid). PCB was next in the ranking and had on average an order of magnitude lower concentrations than the average of the total CP concentrations. The high CP concentrations were caused predominantly by MCCP. If the pooled samples from mothers without any known major contamination source nearby showed a high level of CP, some individual samples (e.g. from local population close to emission sources, as a result of exposure to consumer products or from the domestic environment) might even have significantly higher levels. The lactational intake of SCCP and MCCP of the breastfed infant in the microgram scale resulting from the mothers’ dietary and environmental background exposure should therefore motivate targeted follow-up studies and further measures to reduce exposure (including in the case of MCCP, regulatory efforts, e.g. restriction in products). Further, due to observed levels, targeted research should look at the balance among potential adverse effects against positive health aspects for the breastfed infants for three groups of POPs (dioxin-like compounds; non-dioxin-like chlorinated and brominated POPs; PFAS) regarding potentially needed updates of the WHO guidance. As an overall conclusion, the seven rounds of WHO/UNEP human milk exposure studies are the largest global survey on human tissues with a harmonized protocol spanning over the longest time period and carried out in a uniform format. Thus, these rounds are an effective tool to obtain reliable and comparable data sets on this core matrix and a key contributor to the GMP. A comprehensive set of global data covering all POPs targeted by the Stockholm Convention, in all UN Regional Groups, and timelines covering a span of up to three decades allows to evaluate data from various perspectives. A widened three-dimensional view is necessary to discuss results and can be performed using the three pillars for assessments of the comprehensive data set, namely: analytes of interest; regional aspects; time trends. This can identify possible problems for future targeted studies and interventions at the country, regional, or global level. Long-term trends give an indication of the effectiveness of measures to eliminate or reduce specific POPs. The consideration of countries with repeated participation in these studies provides the best possible database for the evaluation of temporal trends. The continuation of these exposure studies is important for securing sufficient data for reliable time trend assessments in the future. Therefore, it is highly recommended to continue this monitoring effort, particularly for POPs that are of public health concern.
8
Stévart, Tariq, Gilles Dauby, Davy U. Ikabanga, Olivier Lachenaud, Patricia Barberá, Faustino de Oliveira, Laura Benitez, and Maria do Céu Madureira. "Diversity of the Vascular Plants of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands." In Biodiversity of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands, 249–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06153-0_10.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDespite a long history of botanical collecting in the three oceanic islands of the Gulf of Guinea, no recent studies have documented floristic patterns. This chapter summarizes information on the vascular plants of the islands, including inventories conducted on Príncipe and São Tomé since 2017, as well as two recent expeditions to Annobón. An updated database of the vascular flora was compiled, which includes 14,376 records representing 1285 species and infraspecific taxa (1028 native). Príncipe has 445 species and infraspecific taxa (394 native), São Tomé has 1044 (842 native), and Annobón has 344 (274 native). Recent inventory work has generated collections of more than 90% of the endemic woody species. Several very rare taxa were rediscovered, including Balthasaria mannii (Oliv.) Verdc., 1969 (Pentaphylacaceae) and Psychotria exellii R. Alves, Figueiredo and A.P. Davis, 2005 (Rubiaceae), neither of which had been seen for more than 50 years. At least 17 species new to science were also discovered on Príncipe and São Tomé. Of the 1028 indigenous taxa, 164 (16%) are currently considered endemic to the islands. Of the 285 species evaluated according to the IUCN Red List criteria, 2 (0.7%) were Data Deficient, 226 (79.3%) Least Concern or Near Threatened, 55 (19.3%) threatened (including 3 Critically Endangered, 21 Endangered, and 31 Vulnerable), and 2 (0.7%) Extinct. On São Tomé and Príncipe, 325 plant species are used in traditional medicine, 37 of which are endemic. These results should be used to identify new priority sites for conservation, including on Annobón, where priority sites are less well defined.
9
Iversen, Jenny, Pike Long, Alexandra Lutnick, and Lisa Maher. "Patterns and Epidemiology of Illicit Drug Use Among Sex Workers Globally: A Systematic Review." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 95–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIntroduction: Sex workers who use drugs represent two distinct populations, yet programmatic and policy responses are siloed and failed to acknowledge the ways in which populations overlap and needs intersect. Although prevalence of drug use among sex workers is believed to be higher than the general population, no published estimates of global prevalence exist. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers overall, by gender (cis, transgender, and non-binary), and sub-region.Methods: We searched electronic databases for studies measuring the prevalence of illicit drug use among sex workers from the past decade [2009–2018]. Data were combined to generate pooled prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals of lifetime use using a random effects model. Countries were categorised into geographic sub-regions, and sub-regional pooled estimates of lifetime use among female sex workers generated and mapped.Results: Among 86 studies in 46 countries, pooled prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers was 35% (95% CI 30–41%). There was significant diversity (I2 > 90.0%, P < 0.01), and prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 84%. Most studies reported lifetime drug use among female sex workers (32 studies from 20 countries), and pooled prevalence in this sub-group was 29% (95% CI 24–34%). Insufficient data precluded generation of estimates for male and transgender sex workers.Conclusions: Our review identified significant gaps in data quality and availability. Future research in partnership with sex workers is necessary to explore the diversity of populations and contexts in which drug use and sex work intersect, inform more accurate estimates of prevalence, identify differences in risks and exposures, and guide the creation, implementation, and evaluation of programmes and services.
10
Silva, Carlos Renan Camilo da, Guilherme Mendes Prado, Maria Aparecida Fernandes Cardoso, Beatriz Paiva Aragão, Eric Wenda Ribeiro Lourenço, Teresa Micaelle Lima dos Santos, and Maria Santana do Nascimento. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO CASOS DE MENINGITES NOTIFICADOS NO PERÍODO DE 2018 A 2022 NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ." In Universidade e pesquisa: seu papel na Socialização da Ciência e Tecnologia, 24–32. Editora Humanize, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/5193292.1-3.
Full textAbstract:
Resumo: Esse estudo tem como objetivo levantar e caracterizar casos de meningite em paciente no estado do Ceará, no período de 2018 a 2022. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico com levantamento de dados secundários por meio de consulta ao site do SINAN com a recuperação de informações sobre os casos notificados de meningite no estado do Ceará no período de 2018 a 2022. As variáveis estudadas foram: ano de notificação, trimestre, grupo étnico, sexo, critério de confirmação, etiologia e evolução). Este estudo é regido pela resolução n° 510/2016 do conselho nacional de saúde na qual descreve que pesquisas com dados secundários não necessitam aprovação em comitê de ética. Os resultados demonstram que foram notificados 1425 casos de meningite no estado do Ceará durante o período de estudo nas quais 37% (520/1425) tiveram classificação etiologia de meningite viral. Em relação aos anos foi possível observar que ano de 2019 37% (529/1425) teve maior número de casos confirmados e o mês de março foi que teve casos confirmados entre 2018 a 2022. Além disso, o grupo mais os grupos mais atingidos foram indivíduos do sexo masculino 65% (927/1425), e grupo étnico sugerem que 95% (1358/1425) da população parda são acometidos pela doença. No que se refere ao diagnóstico da doença o quimiocitológico foi mais aplicado com 60% (849/1425). Observou-se que 77 % (1099/1425) evoluíram para cura e alta. De acordo com análise e interpretação dos dados pode-se concluir que ano de 2019 teve maior número de casos confirmados, verificou-se maior taxa para meningite viral, sendo mais acometidos no sexo masculino e no grupo étnico considerada parda. Em relação ao critério de confirmação o mais utilizado foi o quimiocitológico As meningite cursaram uma boa evolução com a maioria evoluindo para cura. O presente estudo revelou a necessidade de campanhas e medidas preventivas.
Conference papers on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
Lopes, Katry de Carvalho, Carolina Rosa Sávio, Thainã Lobo Silva, and Thayanne Pastro Loth. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E CLÍNICO DA TUBERCULOSE EM RONDÔNIA - 2015 A 2019." In II Congresso Nacional Multidisciplinar em Enfermagem On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/2469.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Tuberculose (TB) é uma patologia que ocasiona uma infecção crônica nos pulmões (TB pulmonar), também pode se espalhar por vários órgãos do corpo (TB extrapulmonar). Seu contágio se dá quando gotículas de saliva contaminada com a bactéria são expelidas através da fala, tose e do espirro. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das pessoas com tuberculose em Rondônia-RO, 2015 a 2019. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, quantitativa e de caráter descritivo, que analisou as características sociodemográficas e clínicas dos casos da doença em pessoas tuberculínicas em RO, notificadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação SINAN entre 2015 a 2019. O estudo respeitou os critérios éticos da resolução 466/2012 e foi desenvolvida a partir da aprovação junto ao CEP sob o parecer 4.838.856. Resultados: Após a pesquisa, verificou-se o predomínio de TB nos anos de 2016 e 2017, que juntos somaram 1.532 (42,72%) casos. Averiguou-se o predomínio em homens com 2.615 (73%), cor parda 2.389 (66,62%), nas pessoas de faixa etária entre 25 a 34 anos 972 (27,10%), residentes de zona urbana 2.648 (73,85%), ensino fundamental incompleto 1.548 (43,16%) casos. Houve 2.850 (79,50%) casos novos sendo 2.986 (83,26%) na forma pulmonar. Quanto aos critérios de confirmação laboratorial, 2.449 (68,30%) foram confirmados por meio de exames, sendo 1.950 (54,40%) baciloscopia positivo, 2.771 (77,30%) não realizaram a cultura de escarro, 2.172 casos (60,56%) não realizaram o TRM-TB, 847 (23,61%) não realizaram o teste de sensibilidade. Quanto ao HIV, 385 (10,73%) indivíduos obtiveram resultados positivos e 546 (15,22%) não foram testados. Situação de encerramento, 2.464 (68,71%) obtiveram cura, 710 (19,80%) abandonaram o tratamento e 22 (0,61%) TB-DR. Conclusão: Conclui-se que deve haver uma melhoria no manejo clínico e orientações prestadas ao paciente e se espera que os resultados deste estudo proporcionem reflexões nos profissionais de saúde e propicie auxílio as equipes para que haja melhoria nas ações de saúde e acrescento na prevenção e cura da TB.
2
Sousa Júnior, Célio Pereira De, Emanuelly Marinho De Oliveira, Aline Souza De Castro, Marcelle Rodrigues Carneiro De Souza Reis, and Gabriel Carneiro Santana Da Mota. "EPIDEMIOLOGIA DOS ACIDENTES POR PEÇONHENTOS NA REGIÃO DE INTEGRAÇÃO DO LAGO DE TUCURUÍ -PA." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biológicas On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/1252.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Os acidentes por animais peçonhentos (AAP) são considerados um grave problema de saúde pública devido à grande quantidade de casos notificados. Nesse sentido, o conhecimento epidemiológico dos AAP na Região de Integração do Lago de Tucuruí (RILT) é de extrema importância, visto que esses agravos estão incluídos na lista de Doenças Tropicais e os municípios envolvidos se localizam sob influência da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí, fator que contribui para a redução do habitat dessas espécies e o aumento da frequência dos casos na região. Objetivos: Identificar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos notificados na Região de Integração do Lago de Tucuruí, Pará, entre os anos de 2016 e 2019. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado através do levantamento de dados secundários obtidos no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). As informações coletadas são referentes aos AAP notificados nos sete municípios da Região de Integração do Lago de Tucuruí (Breu Branco, Goianésia do Pará, Itupiranga, Jacundá, Nova Ipixuna, Novo Repartimento e Tucuruí), no período de 2016 a 2019. As variáveis investigadas foram: número de notificações, tipo de ocorrência por animal peçonhento, sexo, idade e escolaridade dos acidentados. Resultados: Foram notificados 1446 acidentes por animais peçonhentos durante o período analisado na RILT, sendo 121 em Breu Branco; 84 em Goianésia; 211 em Itupiranga; 109 em Jacundá; 67 em Nova Ipixuna; 381 em Novo Repartimento e 473 em Tucuruí. Destes, o maior número registrado foi no ano de 2019 (407), seguido dos anos de 2016 (352), 2018 (350) e 2017 (337). Dos casos notificados, a maioria foi ocasionado por serpentes (82,5%), seguido por escorpiões (7,5%) e aranhas (5,5%). Observou-se que, entre os acidentados, prevaleceram indivíduos do sexo masculino (77%), entre 20 a 39 anos (37,5%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (59%).Conclusão: A Região de Integração do Lago de Tucuruí, apesar da oscilação entre os anos de 2016 e 2017, registrou um perfil de crescente incidência em acidentes por animais peçonhentos. Os dados constataram a necessidade de implementar ações de vigilância epidemiológica em cada município para a diminuição e controle destes agravos.
3
Pesterev, N. E. "Development of a sketch of the machine for cutting moissanite." In All-Russian scientific-practical conference of young scientists, graduate students and students, Chair M. A. Fedotova. Технического института (ф) СВФУ, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/a-2018-84.
Full text
4
Mihalčová, Bohuslava, Mária Antošová, and Adriana Csikósová. "Tourism in the condition of small family firms of a selected region in Slovakia 849." In 17. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. 17th International Colloquium on Regional sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-6840-2014-110.
Full text
5
Prodanov, Bogdan, Valentina Todorova, Lyubomir Dimitrov, and Radoslava Bekova. "LOSS OF NATURAL SEABED AND BENTHIC HABITATS ALONG THE BULGARIAN BLACK SEA COAST AS A CONSEQUENCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s15.46.
Full textAbstract:
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) is a framework for collective action in the marine environmental policy established by Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and the Council on 17 June 2008. It calls for EU Member States to create national marine strategies to achieve good environmental status (GES) by 2020 or to maintain it in areas where it already exists. Five factors are laid out in Commission Decision (EU) 2017/848 for GES assessment in regard to a number of broad habitat types, as two of them were assessed in the article. Criterion D6C1 represents the spatial extent and distribution of physical loss of the natural seabed. Criterion D6C4 estimates the extent of loss of the habitat types resulting from anthropogenic pressures that should not exceed a specified proportion of the natural extent of the habitat types in the assessment areas. These criteria were evaluated for five coastal Marine Reporting Units (MRU) distributed in the Bulgarian sector of the Black Sea. The objective of the study is to evaluate the physical loss of the natural seabed and broad benthic habitat type as a result of coastal infrastructure development in each of the coastal MRUs and for the national Black Sea biogeographic region. The cumulative loss from the 1970s to 2017 was calculated. The period between 1970 and 1983 was chosen as a reliable historical baseline for which 1:5000-scale topographic maps are available. In addition, the study provides estimates of the natural seabed and habitat loss for the long-term period 1970/83 to 2017 and the 6- year assessment period under MSFD 2012 to 2017. GIS procedures include a compilation of vector files of shoreline and MRUs for the assessment periods 1970/83, 2012, and 2017, from which changes were evaluated Criterion D6C1: Spatial extent and distribution of physical loss of the natural seabed. Finally, spatial intersect analysis between seabed loss and broad benthic habitat types allowed assessment of Criterion D6C4: The extent of loss of the habitat type resulting from anthropogenic pressures. The work identified 302 designated hydrotechnical facilities, 33 of which were constructed during the most recent assessment period (2012-2017), which have left a significant negative imprint on the Bulgarian coast. Prominent accumulation of artificial structures was registered along Burgas, Varna, Balchik, and Nessebar. After the 1970s, due to the construction of coastal hydro-technical facilities and port infrastructure, the Bulgarian Black Sea shoreline increased by more than 11%, from 461.9 km (1970/83-2012) to 511.2 km (2012) and to 513.6 km (2017). The MRUs Cape Emine - Cape Maslen and Cape Kaliakra - Cape Galata are the most affected coastal areas by seafloor sealing and land reclamation. Infralittoral sand in Cape Emine - Cape Maslen Nos MRU represents the habitat with the highest absolute loss of 1.43 km2 and of 1.19% as a proportion of the total habitat area. The Infralittoral rock was assessed to have lost the most significant proportion of a broad benthic habitat type along the Varna shoreline - 3.39% (absolute area 0.35 km2), which is getting close to the critical threshold of 5% in the Cape Kaliakra-Cape Galata MRU. GISaided analysis showed that the most impacted broad benthic habitat types at the national scale are the Infralittoral sand and Infralittoral rock, with losses of 1.48 km2 and 0.528 km2, respectively. However, neither of the habitats exceeded the 5% threshold of habitat loss in any of the assessment areas. Finally, this article presented a pilot assessment of geomorphological seabedforms loss. Along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, a distinguished loss was observed on the shallow-water accumulative slope or beach face corresponding to the Infralittoral sand (1.476 km2), Infralittoral mud (0.003 km2), infralittoral mixed sediment (0.02 km2) and infralittoral coarse sediment (0.09 km2). Respectively, the largest loss of abrasion-structural seabed or bench was observed in the Infralittoral rock (0.533 km2).
6
Thierry Mousel, Thierry Mousel, and Peter Larsen Peter Larsen. "Child Presence Detection: Sensing technology solutions to detect unattended children in passenger cars (VitaSense) and school busses (LiDAS)." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-pif-057.
Full textAbstract:
"The topic of children dying of heat stroke in vehicles has gained increasing attention in recent years. Euro NCAP has added Child Presence Detection on its Roadmap 2025, ASEAN NCAP has a similar initiative and the US Congress is currently debating a dedicated HOT CARS bill, with all initiatives aiming at reducing the risk of heat stroke fatalities in vehicles. In the US alone, there have been 849 known fatal incidents since 1998, with 2018 and 2019 having been record years with 53 respectively 52 children dying in hot cars. In-vehicle heat related fatalities occur almost anywhere in the world, and any vehicle category can be concerned. Recent child deaths in US school buses led to legal settlements exceeding 23 million dollars. About 75% of the children that die in vehicles are younger than 3 years. So, when thinking about a sensing solution that can detect their presence, one has to take into consideration that they are frequently sleeping. IEE has developed a radiofrequency-based sensing technology that is sensitive enough to detect the breathing motion of sleeping infants. After the driver locks the vehicle, the sensor typically detects presence in a few seconds. This presence information is then communicated to the vehicle, which can trigger and escalate various warnings, or initiate countermeasures, depending on its capabilities (visual/audible alerts, messages to smartphone, etc.). IEE offers two different sensing solutions to address the issue: - VitaSense: tailored for passenger cars, detects the presence of an unattended child (or animal) after the driver has left the vehicle. Serial development for market introduction late 2020. - LiDAS (Life Detection Assistance System): using a network of sensors for larger vehicles such a school bus. Retrofit solution tailored to the various needs of (school) bus fleet operators. US school districts are currently running test fleet pilot studies. Starting 2022, VitaSense can improve the Euro NCAP vehicle safety rating. Child Presence Detection will contribute with up to 4 points to the child safety category. The CPD protocol is currently under development, and a robust detection solution will be needed in order to get a significant fraction of the available points. Contrary to the known “check rear seat” alerts only assuming that there might be a child, VitaSense only triggers alerts if an occupant is actually detected, preventing a false positives perception or a habituation effect due to too frequent unnecessary alerts. LiDAS has been derived from the VitaSense concept, with the dedicated aim to be used in vehicles transporting larger numbers of children (large vans, school buses). There are numerous examples of children inadvertently being left on a bus or van after the driver left, even if drivers had the duty to check that the bus was empty before leaving. A network of sensors is installed above the seat benches, with the number of sensors adapted to the size of the vehicle. The sensing, notification strategy and data management can be adapted to the needs and preferences of the bus fleet operator."
7
Chakraborti, Tathagata, Kshitij P. Fadnis, Kartik Talamadupula, Mishal Dholakia, Biplav Srivastava, Jeffrey O. Kephart, and Rachel K. E. Bellamy. "Visualizations for an Explainable Planning Agent." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/849.
Full textAbstract:
In this demonstration, we report on the visualization capabilities of an Explainable AI Planning (XAIP) agent that can support human-in-the-loop decision-making. Imposing transparency and explainability requirements on such agents is crucial for establishing human trust and common ground with an end-to-end automated planning system. Visualizing the agent's internal decision making processes is a crucial step towards achieving this. This may include externalizing the "brain" of the agent: starting from its sensory inputs, to progressively higher order decisions made by it in order to drive its planning components. We demonstrate these functionalities in the context of a smart assistant in the Cognitive Environments Laboratory at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center.
8
Campos, Wilma, Robisom Damasceno, Alessandre Beraldi, and Adriel Campos. "Quem, onde e quando – utilização do software VOSviewer na revisão sistêmica de artigos sobre sífilis congênita." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p301.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: Levantamento bibliométrico de artigos sobre sífilis congênita classificando por idioma, área da pesquisa, tipo de documento, pais, autores, nos anos 2010–2020. Métodos: Foram realizadas análises bibliométricas usando o programa VOSviewer (Versão 1.6.10). Dos artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 foram obtidos do banco de dados Web of Science (Web of Science Core Collection database mantido pela Clarivate Analytics. Scopus Data de acesso: 30 de abril 2021) e submetidos a análise usando métodos bibliométricos. A revisão da literatura foi conduzida usando o unitermo “congenitalsyphilis” na categoria Research Area — Área de Pesquisa na opcão de busca avançada disponível no Web of Science (código: SU=(Infectious Diseases) Busca Avancada por: Document Types — Tipos de Documento: (Article — Artigo) Indexes — Índices Período=2010–2020). Teve como objetivo identificar um panorama sobre as publicações referentes sífilis congênita. Resultados: A etapa de coleta de dados resultou em uma amostra de 747 artigos, os anos que tiveram maior número de publicações foi 2018, com 90 publicações, 2019, com 98, e 2020, com 113 publicações sobre esse tema. Segundo a área de pesquisa, foram 24 artigos na área de doenças infecciosa, 116 saúde publica, 84 pediatria e 69 na área de ginecologia obstetrícia, a maioria em inglês (678), seguido do português e espanhol (30 artigos). Quando analisado o país, encontramos 257 nos Estado Unidos, 137 no Brasil. Os autores que mais escrevem sobre o assunto são Taylor MM, com 15 artigos, Kamb ML, 14 artigos, seguidos de Araujo MAL, com 11 artigos. Já segundo o tipo de documento, foram 510 artigos e 60 revisões sistemáticas, o restante distribuídos em outros tipos de documentos. Conclusão: Os achados mostram que países com alto desenvolvimento e renda são efetivos no campo da pesquisa com o tema sífilis congênita, indicando uma forte associação entre produtividade e desenvolvimento econômico.
9
Campos, Wilma, Robisom Damasceno, Alessandre Beraldi, and Adriel Campos. "Quem, onde quando, como – utilização do software VOSVIEWER na revisão sistêmica de artigos sobre sífilis congênita." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p131.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: Levantamento bibliométrico de artigos sobre sífilis congênita classificando por idioma, área da pesquisa, tipo de documento, país, autores, nos anos 2010 – 2020. Métodos: Foram realizadas análises bibliométricas usando o programa VOSviewer (Versão 1.6.10). Dos artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020, foram obtidos do banco de dados Web of Science (Web of Science Core Collection database, mantido pela Clarivate Analytics. Data de acesso: 30 de abril 2021) e submetidos a análise usando métodos bibliométricos. A revisão da literatura foi conduzida usando o unitermo “congenitalsyphilis” na categoria Área de Pesquisa na opcão de busca avançada disponível no Web of Science (código: SU=(Infectious Diseases) Busca Avancada por: Document Types — Tipos de Documento: (Article — Artigo) Indexes — Índices Período=2010–2020), tendo como objetivo identificar um panorama sobre as publicações referentes sífilis congenita Resultados: A etapa de coleta de dados resultou em uma amostra de 747 artigos. Os anos que tiveram maior numero de publicações foi 2018, com 90 publicações, 2019, com 98, e, em 2020, foram 113 publicações sobre esse tema. Segundo a área de pesquisa, foram 24, artigos na área de doenças infecciosas, 116 em saúde pública, 84 em pediatria e 69 na área de ginecologia obstetrícia, a maioria em inglês (678), seguido do português e espanhol (30 artigos). Quando analisado o país, encontramos 257 nos Estados Unidos, 137 no Brasil. Os autores que mais escrevem sobre o assunto foram Taylor MM, com 15 artigos, Kamb ML, com 14 artigos, seguidos de Araujo MAL, com 11 artigos. Já segundo o tipo de documento, foram 510 artigos, 60 revisões sistemáticas, o restante distribuídos em outros tipos. Conclusão: Os achados mostram que países com alto desenvolvimento e renda são efetivos no campo da pesquisa com o tema sífilis congênita, indicando uma forte associação entre produtividade e desenvolvimento econômico.
10
Santos, Nadine Correia Silva, Bruna Valentim Amichi Bessa, Camila Osterne Muniz, Alice Rios de Oliveira, Vanessa Oliveira Ferreira, and Lídia Lima Aragão Sampaio. "Investigação de violência doméstica, sexual e/ou outras violências ao curso da pandemia de Covid-19 em uma capital do Brasil." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130234.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: As medidas adotadas pelas lideranças governamentais para frear o coronavírus se baseiam na prática do isolamento social. Do ponto de vista da saúde pública, os benefícios das medidas são inquestionáveis, mas as mudanças estruturais na sociedade inerentes ao período de pandemia criam ambiente favorável para violência, a qual constitui fator de risco para a ocorrência de abusos. O documento “Violência Doméstica durante a Pandemia de COVID-19” confirma a ascensão do fenômeno mascarado pelo concomitante aumento da subnotificação de denúncias no país entre fevereiro e abril de 2020. O mesmo já se verifica em outros países, por exemplo, Estados Unidos e Reino Unido. A plena compreensão do cenário brasileiro nesse contexto aliada à produção científica de outros países sobre a temática pode orientar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de enfrentamento ao problema efetivas e factíveis. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico das notificações de violência contra as mulheres no município de Salvador, Bahia, entre o período de janeiro a junho nos anos de 2018, 2019 e 2020. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado no município de Salvador, no estado da Bahia. Os dados foram obtidos a partir do Sistema TABNET/DATASUS. A escolha do período ocorreu pela disponibilidade desses dados e pela correlação marcante diante da temporalidade do início da pandemia do Covid-19. Os resultados foram apresentados por meio de tabelas e gráficos construídos com o auxílio do software Excel. Resultados: Em janeiro de 2017, comparado a 2018, houve um aumento de 3,9%; em fevereiro, de 42,3%; em abril, de 46,1%; em maio, de 5,9%; e em junho, de 30,5%. Por outro lado, em março houve uma redução de 14,8%. Comparando 2018 a 2019, ocorreu aumento em todos os meses: 33,2% em janeiro; 10% em fevereiro; 84% em março; 30,2% em abril; 45,5% em maio; e 5,62% em junho. Comparando 2019 a 2020, observou-se aumento de 14,9% no mês de fevereiro. Nos outros meses, observou-se redução (2,4% em janeiro e a partir de março, nos meses subsequentes, 46,2, 63,8, 82,9 e 92,4%, respectivamente. Vale ressaltar que no mês de março se iniciou o isolamento social. Correlacionando com a média aritmética, identificou-se que a menor média foi no ano de 2020, corroborando mais uma vez com a hipótese de subnotificação durante o período de isolamento social. Conclusão: O estudo mostrou redução significativa das violências doméstica, sexual e outras violências em Salvador, no período da pandemia, já que há um grande número de subnotificações em razão das medidas restritivas. Portanto, orienta a formulação de novas pesquisas na área, de modo a destacar as possíveis correlações com medidas preventivas e para pesquisa de campo que determine a real incidência de violência.
Reports on the topic "2018 a-849"
1
Tsai, Frank, Navid Jafari, Ye-Hong Chen, and Jack Cadigan. Three-dimensional underseepage evaluation for Profit Island vicinity levee, north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44220.
Full textAbstract:
This project developed a three-dimensional (3D) seepage model to evaluate efficiency of 84 relief wells and factors of safety (FoS) along the Profit Island vicinity levee (PIVL), north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The PIVL model was built based on US Geological Survey MODFLOW-USG. Moreover, a 3D seepage model of RocScience RS3 was also built for a specific study of relief well experiments conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the 1930s and 1940s. The PIVL model was calibrated with measured piezometric head data and relief well flow rates in 1997. Six flood scenarios were conducted: the extreme flood (56 feet), design flood (52.4 feet), 1997 flood (50 feet), 2008 flood (49.22 feet), 2017 flood (45.55 feet), and 2018 flood (49.1 feet). The modeling results show that FoS are all above 1.5 given relief wells at the 1997 design condition. FoS calculated by the blanket theory are more conservative than those by the PIVL model because designed discharge rates were not observed in the field. In comparison with measured flow rates in 2008, the PIVL modeling result indicates potential clogging at many relief wells. New piezometric data and well discharge data are recommended to re-evaluate factors of safety.
2
Gasim, Anwar, Lester Hunt, and Jeyhun Mikayilov. Methane Emissions Baseline Forecasts for Saudi Arabia Using the Structural Time Series Model and Autometrics. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2023-dp08.
Full textAbstract:
Reducing methane (CH4) emissions is key to near-term efforts to limit global warming. CH4 is the second most abundant anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) in the atmosphere after carbon dioxide (CO2). The production, transport, and consumption of fossil fuels, in addition to waste and agriculture, account for most anthropogenic CH4 emissions globally (IPCC 2018). Although CH4has only a 12-year lifetime in the atmosphere, it is 84 times more potent per ton than CO2 in a 20-year period and 28 times more potent in a 100-year period (IPCC 2018). The drastically stronger short-term potency of CH4 explains why its short-term impact on global warming is considerably greater than that of CO2. Therefore, meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement necessitates not only decarbonization but also significant CH4 emissions reductions, especially in the near term.
3
Arrieta, Alejandro, and Ariadna García Prado. Series of Avoidable Hospitalizations and Strengthening Primary Health Care: The Case of Chile. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006952.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies the effect of ambulatory and hospital coinsurance rates on HACSC among individuals with private insurance in Chile. During the last decade, Chile's private health sector has experienced a dramatic increase in its hospitalization rates, growing at four times the rate of ambulatory visits (see graph 1). Such evolution has raised concern among policy makers, interested in promoting more preventive services, and a major use of ambulatory care. The growth on the prevalence of chronic diseases has also set up the alarm. A burden disease study made in 2007 shows that 84% of the total diseases in the country were non-communicable diseases (Universidad Católica de Chile, 2008). The 2003 National Health Survey showed that only a small fraction of those affected by a chronic disease had their condition under control (Bitrán et al, 2010). In this context, coinsurance can be a valuable tool for dealing with cost escalating problems in the health system while, at the same time, promoting more ambulatory visits and preventive services and less HCSC.
4
Glewwe, Paul, Zoe James, Jongwook Lee, Caine Rolleston, and Khoa Vu. What Explains Vietnam’s Exceptional Performance in Education Relative to Other Countries? Analysis of the Young Lives Data from Ethiopia, Peru, India and Vietnam. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/078.
Full textAbstract:
Vietnam’s strong performance on the 2012 and 2015 PISA assessments has led to interest in what explains the strong academic performance of Vietnamese students. Analysis of the PISA data has not shed much light on this issue. This paper analyses a much richer data set, the Young Lives data for Ethiopia, India (Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), Peru and Vietnam, to investigate the reasons for the strong academic performance of 15-year-olds in Vietnam. Differences in observed child and household characteristics explain 37-39% of the gap between Vietnam and Ethiopia, while observed school variables explain only about 3-4 additional percentage points (although an important variable, math teachers’ pedagogical skills, is not available for Ethiopia). Differences in observed child and household characteristics explain very little of the gaps between Vietnam and India and between Vietnam and Peru, yet one observed school variable has a large explanatory effect: primary school math teachers’ pedagogical skills. It explains about 10-12% of the gap between Vietnam and India, raising the overall explained portion to 14-21% of the gap. For Peru, it explains most (65-84%) of the gap.
5
Alemu, Dawit, and Abebaw Assaye. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Fogera Plain, Ethiopia – Round 1 Report. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.002.
Full textAbstract:
This report presents an early assessment of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, labour and employment, and poverty and well-being in rural Ethiopia. Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 107 households (23 female- and 84 male-headed). Respondents were drawn from a subset of households interviewed in a 2018 APRA survey of smallholder rice farmers in five kebeles (villages) in the Fogera Plain area of Amhara Region. The COVID-19 household survey data is complemented by data from 23 key informant interviews conducted in the kebeles. The data collection for this COVID-19 study will be carried out over three rounds. This report presents insights obtained from the first round conducted during late June/early July 2020.
6
Savani, Manu, and Alastair Stewart. Making Market Systems Work for Women Dairy Farmers in Bangladesh: A final evaluation of Oxfam's Gendered Enterprise and Markets programme in Bangladesh. Oxfam GB, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2019.5365.
Full textAbstract:
Gendered Enterprise and Markets (GEM) is Oxfam GB’s approach to market systems development. The GEM approach facilitates change in market systems and social norms, with the aim of ensuring more sustainable livelihood opportunities for marginalized women and men. The GEM DFID AidMatch Programme (June 2014–February 2018) worked within the soya, milk and vegetable value chains targeting women smallholder farmers in areas of poverty. The programme aimed to benefit 63,600 people (10,600 smallholder households) living in Zambia, Tajikistan and Bangladesh through increases in household income, women having greater influence over key livelihood decisions within their households and communities, and engaging in livelihoods more resilient to shocks, such as natural disasters and market volatility. The GEM programme in Bangladesh was implemented under Oxfam Bangladesh’s flagship REE-CALL programme (Resilience, through Economic Empowerment, Climate Adaptation, Leadership and Learning). GEM operated in seven districts across Bangladesh, with the project activities implemented by seven local partners. The project aimed to establish 84 producer groups for smallholder dairy farmers, and this was achieved during the first year. Building on these local networks, GEM aimed to deliver a suite of training and support covering assertiveness, rights and leadership skills, agricultural practice and disaster risk management. The evaluation was designed to investigate if and how the GEM programme might have contributed to its intended outcomes – not only in the lives of individual women smallholder farmers targeted by the programme but also in changes in their communities and the larger market system. It also sought to capture any potential unintended outcomes of the programme.
7
Guilfoyle, Michael, Ruth Beck, Bill Williams, Shannon Reinheimer, Lyle Burgoon, Samuel Jackson, Sherwin Beck, Burton Suedel, and Richard Fischer. Birds of the Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area, Portsmouth, Virginia, 2008-2020. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45604.
Full textAbstract:
This report presents the results of a long-term trend analyses of seasonal bird community data from a monitoring effort conducted on the Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area (CIDMMA) from 2008 to 2020, Portsmouth, VA. The USACE Richmond District collaborated with the College of William and Mary and the Coastal Virginia Wildlife Observatory, Waterbird Team, to conduct year-round semimonthly area counts of the CIDMMA to examine species presence and population changes overtime. This effort provides information on the importance of the area to numerous bird species and bird species’ groups and provides an index to those species and group showing significant changes in populations during the monitoring period. We identified those species regionally identified as Highest, High, and Moderate Priority Species based on their status as rare, sensitive, or in need of conservation attention as identified by the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture (ACJV), Bird Conservation Region (BCR), New England/Mid-Atlantic Bird Conservation Area (BCR 30). Of 134 ranked priority species in the region, the CIDMMA supported 102 of 134 (76%) recognized in the BCR, including 16 of 19 (84%) of Highest priority ranked species, 47 of 60 (78.3%) of High priority species, and 39 of 55 (71%) of Moderate priority species for BCR 30. All bird count and species richness data collected were fitted to a negative binomial (mean abundance) or Poisson distribution (mean species richness) and a total of 271 species and over 1.5 million birds were detected during the monitoring period. Most all bird species and species groups showed stable or increasing trends during the monitoring period. These results indicate that the CIDMMA is an important site that supports numerous avian species of local and regional conservation concern throughout the year.
8
Núñez, Anamaría, and Dolores Subiza. América Latina y el Caribe: Agua y saneamiento (empleo). Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006391.
Full textAbstract:
INFOGRAFIA: En las últimas dos décadas, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha estado a la altura de los desafíos en términos de acceso a servicios de agua y saneamiento: entre 1990 y el 2015, más de 220 millones de personas (de un total de 600 millones) se incorporaron a los servicios de agua y saneamiento. El porcentaje de personas con acceso a mejores servicios de agua pasó del 85% al 95% y en saneamiento adecuado el porcentaje aumentó del 67% al 83%. Pero no podemos quedarnos ahí. Hoy todavía quedan 34 millones de personas sin acceso a agua, y las cifras son más alarmantes para saneamiento: 106 millones no cuentan con acceso a uno adecuado y 19 millones defecan al aire libre. Como es de esperar, las estadísticas son aún más alarmantes para los más vulnerables y las zonas más remotas del continente. La gran disparidad urbana-rural, se traduce en una cobertura de los servicios de agua y saneamiento rural en el 2015 (84% y 64%, respectivamente) semejante a la cobertura del sector urbano 25 años atrás.
9
Núñez, Anamaría, Dolores Subiza, and Andrea Monje Silva. América Latina y el Caribe: agua y saneamiento (género). Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006195.
Full textAbstract:
INFOGRAFÍA: En las últimas dos décadas, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha estado a la altura de los desafíos en términos de acceso a servicios de agua y saneamiento: entre 1990 y el 2015, más de 220 millones de personas (de un total de 600 millones) se incorporaron a los servicios de agua y saneamiento. El porcentaje de personas con acceso a mejores servicios de agua pasó del 85% al 95% y en saneamiento adecuado el porcentaje aumentó del 67% al 83%. Pero no podemos quedarnos ahí. Hoy todavía quedan 34 millones de personas sin acceso a agua, y las cifras son más alarmantes para saneamiento: 106 millones no cuentan con acceso a uno adecuado y 19 millones defecan al aire libre. Como es de esperar, las estadísticas son aún más alarmantes para los más vulnerables y las zonas más remotas del continente. La gran disparidad urbana-rural, se traduce en una cobertura de los servicios de agua y saneamiento rural en el 2015 (84% y 64%, respectivamente) semejante a la cobertura del sector urbano 25 años atrás.
10
Bouso García, Mònica. Cline, Eric H. (2017). Three Stones Make a Wall: The Story of Archaeology. Princeton University Press. Princeton. XIX + 455 pàgines. ISBN: 978-0-691-16640-7. [Traducció castellana de Silvia Furió (2018). Tres piedras hacen una pared. Historias de la arqueología. Barcelona. Editorial Crítica. 574 pàgines. ISBN: 978-84-17067-26-7]. Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/rap.2018.28.24.
Full text