Journal articles on the topic '2010 i-344'

ABSTRACT Aims Ramadan is a great opportunity for scientific research due to its peculiar nature. This study was designed to investigate whether morning saliva cortisol pick can change during and after Ramadan compared to before it. Materials and methods A total of 30 healthy volunteer men (aged between 30 and 76 years) were asked to participate in a cross-sectional study between August 12 and September 10, 2010. Saliva was collected 2 weeks before the beginning of Ramadan (BR), during the first week (R1), middle (R2), the last week (R3) of Ramadan and 3 weeks after Ramadan (AR). Cortisol concentration was analyzed by ELISA. Statistical analysis of one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Results The mean unstimulated saliva cortisol concentration and its output were significantly higher in the BR than during and after Ramadan. Conclusion Mean saliva cortisol concentration and its output tended to be lower during and 3 weeks after Ramadan. Clinical significance Cortisol as a stress hormone seems to be low during Ramadan. How to cite this article Vasaghi-Gharamaleki B, Mirzaii-Dizgah I. Unstimulated Whole Saliva Cortisol Levels during Ramadan in Iranian Muslims. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):341-344.

Katalog poloników w Biblioteca Universitaria Alessandrina, oprac. Krzysztof Soliński, Warszawa: Biblioteka Narodowa, 2014, ss. 168, ISBN 9788370097721, ISSN 2391-5226 – Maja Bogajczyk [327-332] Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies: An Introduction, general ed. Alessandro Bausi, Hamburg: COMSt Hamburg, Tredition, 2015, ss. 677, ISBN: 978-3-7323-1768-4 – Marcin Krawczuk [332-338] Agnieszka Bartoszewicz, Piśmienność mieszczańska w późnośredniowiecznej Polsce, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2012, ss. 348, ISBN 978-83-235-0988-2 – Grażyna Łabęcka-Jóźwiakowska [338-342] Mnemonika i pamięć kulturowa epok dawnych, red. Aleksandra Jakóbczyk- Gola, Marek Prejs, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Neriton, Warszawa 2013, ss. 384, 18 nlb., ISBN 978-83-7543-289-3 – Grażyna Łabęcka-Jóźwiakowska [343-346] Studia z dziejów książki, prasy i bibliotek. Stan badań za lata 2010–2013, opracowanie zbiorowe pod red. Zdzisława Kropidłowskiego i Dariusza Spychały, Bydgoszcz: Uniwersytet Jana Kazimierza w Bydgoszczy 2014, ss. 394, ISBN: 978-83-7096-978-3 – Anna Kamler [346-354]

El cáncer de estómago es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, es una patología progresiva que en su mayoría es detectada en etapa terminal y afecta con más frecuencia a los países del primer mundo y en vías de desarrollo. Se analizó mediante el modelo de Regresión de Cox, la supervivencia en pacientes de cáncer estomago durante el periodo 2010 – 2015, en el hospital de especialidades Oncológico SOLCA Manabí, Ecuador. El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo para evaluar la sobrevida de pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de estómago entre los años 2010 – 2015. La supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad a cinco años se estableció a partir del tiempo trascurrido desde el diagnóstico hasta la ocurrencia del evento o fecha del último contacto. De los 344 pacientes estudiados, el 63,2% fueron hombres y el 36,8% mujeres, los límites de edad fueron entre 17 y 93 años. Se considero el estadio del tumor, donde (I) representa el 8,4%, (II) el 7,8%, el estadio (III) el 15,6% y finalmente con el 68,3% el estadio (IV), demostrando que los pacientes en estadios avanzados tuvieron menores probabilidades de supervivir. Con el modelo de regresión de Cox, fue posible demostrar asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el estadio del tumor y la supervivencia. Es imprescindible programas de prevención que logre evitar que el cáncer sea diagnosticado en estadios avanzados. Palabras claves: modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox, supervivencia, cáncer de estómago, Ecuador.

Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorexigen, and we first reported nesfatin-like immunoreactivity in the pancreatic β-cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of nesfatin-1 on whole-body energy homeostasis, insulin secretion, and glycemia. The in vivo effects of continuous peripheral delivery of nesfatin-1 using osmotic minipumps on food intake and substrate partitioning were examined in ad libitum-fed male Fischer 344 rats. The effects of nesfatin-1 on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were examined in isolated pancreatic islets. L6 skeletal muscle cells and isolated rat adipocytes were used to assess the effects of nesfatin-1 on basal and insulin-mediated glucose uptake as well as on major steps of insulin signaling in these cells. Nesfatin-1 reduced cumulative food intake and increased spontaneous physical activity, whole-body fat oxidation, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue but did not affect uncoupling protein 1 mRNA in the brown adipose tissue. Nesfatin-1 significantly enhanced GSIS in vivo during an oral glucose tolerance test and improved insulin sensitivity. Although insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells was inhibited by nesfatin-1 pretreatment, basal and insulin-induced glucose uptake in adipocytes from nesfatin-1-treated rats was significantly increased. In agreement with our in vivo results, nesfatin-1 enhanced GSIS from isolated pancreatic islets at both normal (5.6 mm) and high (16.7 mm), but not at low (2 mm), glucose concentrations. Furthermore, nesfatin-1/nucleobindin 2 release from rat pancreatic islets was stimulated by glucose. Collectively, our data indicate that glucose-responsive nesfatin-1 regulates insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and whole-body energy balance in rats.

This project examines a Canadian court case that involves the largest arson homicide in the history of Vancouver, British Columbia. In May 2006 a fire killed four members of a Congolese refugee family (Adela Etibako and three of her children, Benedicta, Edita, and Stephane) along with Ashley Singh, the South Asian girlfriend of the target and sole survivor of the fire, Bolingo Etibako. On October 5, 2008 the accused, Nathan Fry, a 20-year-old white male, was found guilty of five counts of first-degree murder and one count of attempted murder. Fry received an automatic life sentence without the possibility of parole for 25 years. This paper considers this crime and the legal proceedings as a case study that can further our understanding of discourses of race, racism, and citizenship in Canada, and their link to Mbembe’s (2003) notion of necropolitics, what he terms as the politics of life and death. I argue that the viciousness of the crime, an offense involving a white male perpetrator and victims all of whom are racialized as Black and Brown, reflects the embodied practices and psychological processes that are both emblematic of, and integral to, the violence of coloniality, and the racial relations and structural arrangements of present-day white settler society (Martinot, 2010; Razack, 2002, 2005). I show how the crime, the investigation, and the trial communicate symbolically and materially what bell hooks (1992) characterizes as the “terrorizing force of white supremacy” (p. 344).

Ключові слова: Уманщина, Петро Курінний, Олександра Крамаренко (Ісаєва), окупація, більшовицькавлада, революція 1917-1921 рр. У статті досліджується питання встановлення окупаційної більшовицької влади на Уманщині в 1918– 1919 рр. Автор здійснив аналіз ego-документів уманців, у яких відображено сприйняття населеннямУманщини приходу нової влади та показано насильницький характер встановлення окупаційної влади наУманщині. Автором проаналізував щоденникові записи відомого уманського адвоката, учасника громадівськогоруху, кооперативного діяча Петра Федоровича Курінного (1852 – 1931) та спогади дружини лікаря,громадського діяча Юрія Львовича Крамаренка – Олександри Олександрівни Крамаренко (Ісаєвої). Наведеніфакти дають змогу стверджувати, що ця влада для мешканців краю була окупаційною (незважаючи навіть нате, що одним з її очільників був уманець Ізраїль Кулик). Посилання Posadskі, 2019 – Posadski A. Umanshhina v 1918 – 1919 gg.: vojna, nastroeniya, zhiznennaya stojkost [Umanshchinain 1918 - 1919: war, moods, vitality] // Historia i Świat. 2019.№ 8. P. 163-182 [in Ukrainian].Dudnyk, 2008 – Dudnyk O. V. Natsionalno-demokratychni peretvorennia na pivdni Kyivshchyny v revoliutsiinu dobu(berezen 1917 – 1920 rr.) [Natsionalno-demokratychni peretvorennia na pivdni Kyivshchyny v revoliutsiinu dobu(berezen 1917 – 1920 rr.)]. Uman: SPD Sochinskyi, 2008. 248 s. [in Ukrainian].Dudnyk, 2019 – Dudnyk. O. V. Memuary yak dzherelo do istorii Umanshchyny doby Ukrainskoi revoliutsii (1917-1921rr.) [Memoirs as a source for the history of Umanshchyna during the Ukrainian Revolution (1917-1921)] // Umanskastarovyna. 2019. № 6. S. 134-142 [in Ukrainian].Kramarenko – Fondy UKM. A. A. Kramarenko. Vospomynayia. Chast II. [Memoirs. Part II] (Uman). 604 s.[in Russian].Kulchytskyi, 2018 - Kulchytskyi S. Zasadnyche pytannia bez emotsii. Chy bula radianska vlada v Ukrainiokupatsiinoiu?[ A basic question without emotions. Was the Soviet government in Ukraine an occupation?]// Den.2018. № 51-52. 23 bereznia [in Ukrainian].Kulchytskyi, 2013 – Kulchytskyi S. Chervonyi vyklyk. Istoriia komunizmu v Ukraini vid yoho narodzhennia dozahybeli. Kn. 1 [Red challenge. The history of communism in Ukraine from its birth to its demise. Book 1]. K.:Tempora, 2013. 504 s. [in Ukrainian].Liubovets, 2010 – Liubovets N. I. Vyvchennia memuariv yak istorychnoho i biohrafichnoho dzherela: do istoriohrafiiproblemy / Ukrainska biohrafistyka. 2010. Vyp. 7. S. 66–104. [Study of memoirs as a historical and biographicalsource: the historiography of the problem]. К., 2010. S. 66–104 [in Ukrainian].Pyrih, 2009 – Pyrih R.Ia. Memuary suchasnykiv yak dzherelo z istorii Ukrainskoi revoliutsii 1917–1921 rokiv[Memoirs of contemporaries as a source of the history of the Ukrainian revolution of 1917–1921] // Problemyvyvchennia istorii Ukrainskoi revoliutsii 1917-1921 rokiv. K.: Instytut istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy, 2009. Vyp. 4. S.31-58 [in Ukrainian].Piskun, 2019 – Piskun V., Davydiuk V. Shchodennyky ukrainskoho selianyna Petra Fedorovycha Kurinnoho. 1919 rik[The diaries of the Ukrainian peasant P. F. Kurinnyi]. Kyiv, «Vydavnytstvo Liudmyla», 2019. 444 s. [in Ukrainian].Uman i umanchany, 2013 – Uman i umanchany ochyma P. F. Kurinnoho [Uman and Uman residents through the eyesof P. F. Kurinnyi] / Uklad. Yu. V. Torhalo / Uman: VPC «Vizavi», 2013. 344 s. [in Ukrainian].Uman i umanchany, 2014 – Uman i umanchany ochyma P. F. Kurinnoho [Uman and Uman residents through the eyesof P. F. Kurinnyi] / Uklad. Yu. V. Torhalo / Uman: Vydavets «Sochinskyi», 2014. 428 s. [in Ukrainian].

Introduction Venous recanalization of obstructed femoral and iliac veins is associated with good results regarding the feasibility and patency rate. If the common femoral vein with its inflow vessels is involved, open surgical desobliteration or endophlebectomy has been described as a crucial part of the intervention. However, when performing the hybrid procedure, a number of specific complications have been described. We present our results after venous recanalization including an endophlebectomy, focussing on wound complications and its impact on outcome. Material and methods A retrospective analysis of prospective recorded data of all patients who underwent a hybrid procedure for chronic obstruction of iliofemoral veins between 2010 and 2015 was performed. The patients were treated by recanalization of the affected veins combined with endophlebectomy of the common femoral vein and arteriovenous fistula implantation. Data assessment focussed on complications and patency rates. Results This study includes 96 patients, thereof 58 females with a mean age of 44.1 years. The mean procedure time was 344 ± 140 min (range 124–663). Median follow-up time was 12.5 months (2–33 months). Primary patency was 62.5% and secondary patency was 90%. Re-intervention due to early occlusion within the first 30 post-intervention days was necessary in 37.5% of all cases. Besides bleeding complications, wound complications, mainly classified as Szilagyi I, occurred in 33% of all patients. A multivariate analysis showed a significant impact of wound complications on primary as well as secondary patency rate ( p = 0.032, respectively 0.015). Conclusion Recanalization of obstructed iliac veins and/or the inferior vena cava combined with endophlebectomy of the common femoral vein and arteriovenous fistula implantation is a safe and feasible treatment option in the post-thrombotic syndrome. As wound complications are a common and associated with a significant impact on patency rate, further attempts to improve the procedure are crucial.

Gorodetski et al. [Nonremovability of zero Lyapunov exponents. Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen. 39(1) (2005), 27–38 (in Russian); Engl. Transl. Funct. Anal. Appl. 39(1) (2005), 21–30] and Bochi et al. [Robust criterion for the existence of nonhyperbolic ergodic measures. Comm. Math. Phys. 344(3) (2016), 751–795] propose two very different ways for building non-hyperbolic measures, Gorodetski et al. (2005) building such a measure as the limit of periodic measures and Bochi et al. (2016) as the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ -limit set of a single orbit, with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent. The technique in Gorodetski et al. (2005) has been used in a generic setting in Bonatti et al. [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures with large support. Nonlinearity 23(3) (2010), 687–705] and Díaz and Gorodetski [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures for non-hyperbolic homoclinic classes. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 29(5) (2009), 1479–1513], as the periodic orbits were built by small perturbations. It is not known if the measures obtained by the technique in Bochi et al. (2016) are accumulated by periodic measures. In this paper we use a shadowing lemma from Gan [A generalized shadowing lemma. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 8(3) (2002), 527–632]: ∙for getting the periodic orbits in Gorodetski et al. (2005) without perturbing the dynamics;∙for recovering the compact set in Bochi et al. (2016) with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent by considering the limit of periodic orbits. As a consequence, we prove that there exists an open and dense subset ${\mathcal{U}}$ of the set of robustly transitive non-hyperbolic diffeomorphisms far from homoclinic tangencies, such that for any $f\in {\mathcal{U}}$ , there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure with full support and approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures. We also prove that there exists an open and dense subset ${\mathcal{V}}$ of the set of diffeomorphisms exhibiting a robust cycle, such that for any $f\in {\mathcal{V}}$ , there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures.

The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle, a quarantine organism, causes serious damage to pines worldwide. In Europe, it was first detected in Portugal in 1999 (3) and the pathogen was thought to be restricted to this area. However, in 2008, B. xylophilus was isolated from a single tree in the Cáceres Region (Extremadura) of Spain, bordering Portugal (2). The region of Galicia has approximately 383,632 ha of Pinus pinaster Aiton that constitutes more than 40% of the surface of Spain. Since 1999, we have analyzed 5,155 samples to monitor the presence of the pathogen. In 2008, a Spanish national contingency plan established three delimiting sampling areas, including a high risk area 20 km from the border with Portugal (2 × 2 km grid), a medium risk area 80 km wide (4 × 4), and another area covering the whole region (8 × 8). The plan required collecting samples from symptomatic trees. In 2010, in the high risk area, 307 sites were surveyed in coniferous forests. At each site, wood chip samples were collected from five pine trees. The collected wood chips were then incubated for 15 days in the lab and nematodes were extracted by Baermann's funnel method. B. xylophilus was detected from a decayed mass of P. pinaster from the As Neves Municipality (Pontevedra, Galicia). Affected specimens showed typical symptoms associated with pine wilt, including needle discoloration and death of branches. B. xylophilus was identified by morphological and molecular methods. Morphological characteristics included high lips, constricted heads, and short stylets with reduced basal knobs. Females had rounded tails, some with a short mucro, and flat vulva, while males had spicules curved with a cucullus. Measurements of these nematodes (10 females: body length = 720.99 ± 123.87 μm, a = 41.07 ± 5.83, b = 9.22 ± 3.44, c = 26.57 ± 4.13, V = 73.2, stylet length = 14.91 ± 1.65 μm; 10 males: body length = 576.4 ± 88.16 μm, a = 38.12 ± 5.36, b = 7.83 ± 0.39, c = 23.07 ± 2.59, stylet length = 14.63 ± 1.95 μm, spicules length = 22.5 ± 2.21 μm) were similar to the isolates found in Portugal described by Penas et al.(4) and smaller than described by Mota et al. (3). Molecular diagnosis was done following the protocols recommended by the EPPO (1): (i) Amplification of satellite DNA of B. xylophilus by PCR obtaining fragments of 160, 320, and 480 bp; (ii) PCR amplification of a region of 77 bp satellite DNA of B. xylophilus by Taqman Real Time; and (iii) PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Bursaphelenchus spp. nrDNA obtaining the restriction pattern for B. xylophilus. The ITS product amplified by PCR was also sequenced, showing a 99% homology with the sequences of B. xylophilus deposited in GenBank. A sequence of this nematode was submitted to GenBank database and assigned the number HQ646254. On the basis of these diagnostic characteristics, we have confirmed that B. xylophilus is now present in Galicia (northwestern Spain), which is one of the most productive and important region of Spain for forestry. References: (1) EPPO Bull. 39:344, 2009. (2) EPPO Rep. Serv. 3:2010/051, 2010. (3) M. M. Mota et al. Nematology 1:727, 1999. (4) A. C. Penas et al. J. Nematol. Morphol. Syst. 10:137, 2008.

RESUMENEl presente trabajo trata de mostrar los nexos entre el republicanismo político y el movimiento obrero en la provincia de Toledo. A través de las diferentes manifestaciones en la prensa, el posicionamiento de individuos o las acciones colectivas desde el nacimiento del republicanismo político y el asociacionismo de los trabajadores, se analiza un espacio compartido que se mantuvo hasta las primeras décadas del siglo xx en el que se prestó atención la mayoría de las veces a los mismos intereses. Palabras clave: republicanismo, movimiento obreroTopónimos: España, ToledoPeríodo: siglo xix, siglo xix ABSTRACTThe present work tries to show the links between political republicanism and the labor movement in the province of Toledo. Through the different manifestations in the press, the positioning of individuals or the collective actions since the birth of political republicanism and workers’ associations, a shared space is analyzed being maintained until the first decades of the 20th century, where most of the time attention was paid to the same interests. Keywords: republicanism, labor movementPlace name: Spain, ToledoPeriod: 19th century, 20th century REFERENCIASÁlvarez Junco, J., La ideología política del anarquismo español, 1868-1919, Madrid, Siglo XXI, 1976.Aróstegui, J., Miseria y conciencia del campo castellano, Madrid, Narcea, 1977.Barrio Alonso, Á. “Anarquistas, republicanos y socialistas en Asturias”, en El anarquismo español y sus tradiciones culturales, Frankfurt am Main, Vervuet, 1995.Bascuñán Añover, O., Protestas y supervivencia. 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Background: Cardiac involvement is the major determinant of prognosis in systemic AL amyloidosis. The extent is assessed by cardiac biomarker-based staging system using N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and Troponin T. Longitudinal strain evaluates the global and regional function of the left ventricle (LV) and may be preferable to both LV ejection fraction and NT-proBNP, which is limited by its sensitivity to changes in fluid balance, in determining prognosis. This is the first report of a large cohort of uniformly treated prospectively followed patients assessing the utility of changes in longitudinal function by 2-D strain (LS%), impairment of which is a hallmark of amyloidosis. Methods: 915 newly diagnosed patients seen at the UK National Amyloidosis Centre (February 2010 - August 2017) were studied. All patients underwent comprehensive assessments including echo-cardiogram at baseline and each follow up visit. Results: 628/915 (68.6%) patients had cardiac involvement. Mayo stage I, II, IIIa and IIIb in 144 (15.7%), 302 (33.0%) 344 (37.6%) and 125 (13.7%) respectively. Impairment of LS% correlated significantly with increasing Mayo stage (p<0.0001 between LS% for each Mayo stage). At 12 months, only patients with complete haematological responses (CR) had significant improvement in LS% (overall p=0.04; regional baso-lateral p=0.007, and baso-septal p=0.007). The median overall survival (OS) of the whole cohort was 61 months; survival of Mayo stage I and II patients was not reached whilst OS in Mayo stage IIIa and IIIb patients was 30 and 4 months respectively. Patients with cardiac involvement were stratified into 3 baseline LS% groups (≤17%; 10.3-16.9%; and ≥10.2%) with poor baseline LS% being associated with shorter OS (p<0.0001). These groups predicted survival independently of Mayo stage. OS was superior in patients who achieved a minimum absolute improvement in LS% of 1.5% when analysed at either 12 (not reached vs. 72 months, p=0.008) and 24 (not reached vs. 80 months, p<0.0001) months from diagnosis. Patients achieving a LS% response (1.5%) improvement survived longer than those achieving a traditional cardiac response alone or no cardiac response at both 12 and 24 months (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Longitudinal strain is an informative functional marker that is independent of Mayo staging in predicting outcomes in patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis which can be incorporated in prognostic staging for these patients. Improvement in LS% was observed in patients who achieved a CR, and a value of 1.5% was associated with superior outcomes over and above achieving a cardiac response by international consensus criteria. An absolute improvement in LS% should be considered a criterion for cardiac response in AL amyloidosis. Disclosures Wechalekar: Caelum: Other: Advisory; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Advisory; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel; Celgene: Honoraria.

Danas je debljina jedan od najvažnijih javno-zdrastvenih problema, koja ima globalni karakter epidemijskih razmjera u cijelom svijetu. Prevalencija debljine od 10-40% u značajnom je porastu širom Europe. Povećanja oboljenja gojaznih osoba od arterijske hipertenzije znatno se povećavaju i materijalni troškovi u ostvarivanju zdravstvene zaštite (liječenja, rehabilitacije, naknade za trajni invaliditet). Analizirani su kartoni Opće službe Doma zdravlja Velika Kladuša u okviru edukacije PAT programa, oboljelih od hipertenzije starosne dobi pacijenata od 19. do 65. godina života, postavljena je hipoteza da se dokaže "da li postoji uzročno-posljedična veza između povišenog BMI-a i arterijske hipertenzije kao oboljenja".Istraživačka hipoteza: BMI (Body mass index) veći od 27, direktno je povezan sa povišenjem krvnog tlaka i razvoja oboljenja kao što je arterijska hipertenzija.Nulta hipoteza: BMI (Body mass index) kao odabrani senzor za arterijsku hipertenziju, nema nikakvog uticaja na kardiovaskularni sistem i ne dovodi do povišenja krvnog tlaka. Hipotezu smo formulirali metodom uzajamne varijacije, tj. povišen indeks tjelesne mase na jednoj i arterijska hipertenzija na drugoj strani.U Općoj službi Doma zdravlja Velika Kladuša, evidentirano je za 2010. godinu 1626 pacijenata oboljelih od arterijske hipertenzije sa različitim indeksom tjelesne mase BMI. Stopa morbiditeta za arterijsku hipertenziju u 2010. godini iznosi 54,2 %. Prosječan BMI iznosi 33,2 (srednja aritmetička sredina) što je signifikantno odstupanje dobijenog rezultata od zadanog "zlatnog standarda" koji iznosi 22. Vrijednost X2 kvadrat testa od 4,2 u unaprijed odabranom nivou signifikantnosti p=0,05 uz stepen slobode od 1 (N-1=1), direktno je potvrđena istraživačka hipoteza. U razumijevanju gojaznosti, povišenog BMI-a i arterijske hipertenzije kao vodećeg masovnog nezaraznog oboljenja važno je znati da su socijalno-ekonomski, kulturni, biološki i genetički faktori oduvijek bili važni u određivanju i unosa i trošenja energije. Zajedno s pušenjem, stresovima, pretjeranom konzumacijom alkohonih pića i nedovoljnom tjelesnom aktivnosti, gojaznost pripada u grupu riziko faktora koji povećavaju smrtnost od nezaraznih bolesti, kao što su bolesti srca i krvnih žila, šećerna bolest, bolest disajnih organa i mnoge druge. Većina tih oboljenja povezana je s ekonomskim razvojem, životnim stilom, kao što je npr. nepravilna ishrana, i starenjem, a često se mogu spriječiti uvođenjem prijedloga mjera kroz: A. Ciljeve politike. B. Kontrolu radnog procesa.

This study aims to determine: (1) the difficulties of geography teachers in SMA N 1 Ngaglik to develop learning media, and (2) how to solve those difficulties. This research was conducted in SMA N 1 Ngaglik. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The subjects in this study were the geography teachers. The data collection techniques used was observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study used interactive analysis which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate: (1) the obstacles found in the school like the teachers develop syllabus using a scientific approach only, they have not carried out all learning models in accordance with Curriculum 2013, the difficulties in developing learning media, the difficulties in developing learning media, and the difficulties in assessing balanced attitudes and skills with knowledge, and (2) to solve those difficulties the teacher carries out various ways by discussing and sharing with other geography teacher, participates in MGMP activities from the school to the district level, attends trainings or workshops to add insight and various information for the improvements in developing learning media. Keywords: obstacles, learning media, curriculum 2013 References Cheung, A.C.K & Wong, P.M. (2012). “Factors Affecting the Implementation of Curriculum Reform in Hong Kong: Key Findings from a Large‐Scale Survey Study”. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 26 Iss: 1, pp.39 – 54. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513541- 211194374. Eraslan, A. (2013). “Teachers’ Reflections on the Implementation of the New Elementary School Mathematics Curriculum in Turkey”. HU Journal of of Education. 28 (2), 152-165. Mulyasa. E (2014). Pengembangan dan Implementasi kurikulum 2013. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Kankam, B., Bordoh, A., Eshum, I., Bassaw, T.K, & Korang, F.Y. (2014). ”Teachers’ Perception of Authentic Assessment Techniques Practice in Social Studies Lessonsin Senior High Schools in Ghana”. International Journal of Educational Researchand Information Science. 1 (4): 62-68. Katuuk, D.A. (2014). Manajemen Implementasi Kurikulum: Strategi Penguatan Implementasi Kurikulum 2013. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 13 (1): 13-26. Kurebwa, M. & Nyaruwata, L.T. 2013. ”Assessment Challenges in the Primary Schools: A Case of Gweru Urban Schools”. Greener Journal of Educational Research 3(7), pp. 336-344. Lumadi, M.W. (2013). “Challenges Besetting Teachers in Classroom Assessment: An Exploratory Perspective”. Journal of Social Science. 34 (3): 211-221. Mayer, V.J. & Fortner, R.W. (1987). “Relative Effectiveness of Four Modes of Dissemination of Curriculum Materials”, TheJournal of Environmental Education, 19(1) 25-30. Doi:10.1080/00958964.1987.- 10801957. Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. (2013). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 81 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelaksanaan Penilaian. Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. 2014. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 104 Tahun 2014 tentang Pelaksanaan Penilaian. Ryder, J., Banner, I., & Homer, M. (2014). “Teachers’ Experiences of Science Curriculum Reform”. School. Sugiyono. (2007). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandungan: Alfabeta. Sukardi. (2005). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan Kompetensi dan Praktiknya. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Syomwene, A. (2013). “Factors Affecting Teachers’ Implementation of Curriculum Reforms and Educational Policies in Schools: The Kenyan Experience”. Journalof Education and Practice. 4 (22) 80- 86. Wina Sanjaya. (2010). Perencanaan & Desain Sistem Pembelajaran. Jakarta: Kencana. Copyright (c) 2018 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

Mental health encompasses both mental health problems and well-being (Uphill et al., 2016). In recent years, world-renowned athletes, including Simone Biles, Michael Phelps, and Naomi Osaka, have directed public attention to the issue of mental health in elite sport by talking openly about their own problems in this regard. Empirical data on levels of well-being and the extent of common mental disorders among current Swiss elite athletes is limited, as previous studies were based on small samples and confined to certain age groups, sports, and/or a single disorder and did not include well-being (e.g., Gerber et al., 2022). In addition, the efforts of Swiss sport federations to support or promote athletes’ mental health have not been investigated or evaluated. A representative sample of Swiss athletes (N = 1003, Mage = 21.69, SDage = 7.09, 54% women, 37% team sports, 10% injured) answered questions about symptoms of mental health problems (i.e., PHQ-9, GAD7, SCOFF, ASSQ; Bender et al., 2018; Hill et al., 2010; Kroenke et al., 2001; Spitzer et al., 2006) and their well-being (MHC-SF). We also asked about the extent of basic need satisfaction (Heissel et al., 2018) and perceived organizational support. Overall, the numbers on symptoms of mental health problems (17% depression, 10% anxiety, 22% eating disorders, 18% sleep disorders) and well-being are comparable to other elite sport samples (Reardon et al., 2019) and the general Swiss population. However, we found large group differences. For example, 52% of women athletes were affected by at least one mental disorder symptom, compared with 30% of men athletes. Injured athletes were most affected in terms of depressive symptoms (28%). The study also shows that need satisfaction and frustration in conjunction with demographic factors is related to well-being and symptoms of mental health problems. Furthermore, the more support athletes perceive from their federations, the better their mental health. We conclude that a substantial proportion of athletes are affected by mental problems and more measures are needed to improve this situation, for example through supporting need satisfaction in the sport setting. References Bender, A. M., Lawson, D., Werthner, P., & Samuels, C. H. (2018). The clinical validation of the athlete sleep screening questionnaire: An instrument to identify athletes that need further sleep assessment. Sports Medicine-Open, 4, Article 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0140-5 Gerber, M., Lang, C., Brand, S., Gygax, B., Ludyga, S., Müller, C., Ramseyer, S., & Jakowski, S. (2022). Perceived recovery and stress states as predictors of depressive, burnout, and insomnia symptoms among adolescent elite athletes. Sports Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000017 Heissel, A., Pietrek, A., Flunger, B., Fydrich, T., Rapp, M. A., Heinzel, S., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2018). The validation of the German Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale in the context of mental health. European Journal of Health Psychology, 25(4), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000017 Hill, L. S., Reid, F., Morgan, J. F., & Lacey, J. H. (2010). SCOFF, the development of an eating disorder screening questionnaire. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(4), 344-351. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20679 Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ‐9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606-613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x Reardon, C. L., Hainline, B., Miller Aron, C., Baron, D., Baum, A. L., Bindra, A., Budgett, R., Campriani, N., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Currie, A., Derevensky, J. L., Glick, I. D., Gorczynski, P., Gouttebarge, V., Grandner, M. A., Han, D. H., McDuff, D., Mountjoy, M., Polat, A., Purcell, R. . . . Engebretsen, L. (2019). Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019). British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(11), 667-699. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100715 Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092

Aniceto Afonso, História de uma conspiração: Sinel de Cordes e o 28 de Maio (Lisbon: Editorial Notícias, 2000), 222 pp., [euro]12.97, ISBN 972-46-1175-2. Manuel Baiôa, Elites políticas em Évora: Da I República à ditadura militar (1925–1926) (Lisbon: Edições Cosmos, 2000), preface by António Costa Pinto, xvi +344 pp., [euro]21.45, ISBN 972-762-199-6. Telmo Faria, Debaixo de fogo! Salazar e as forças armadas (1935–41) (Lisbon: Edições Cosmos & Instituto de Defesa Nacional, 2000), 286 pp., [euro]26.44, ISBN 972-762-220-8. João Medina, Salazar, Hitler e Franco: Estudos sobre a ditadura (Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 2000), 308 pp., [euro]18.85, ISBN 972-24-1074-1. Fernando Rosas, Salazarismo e fomento económico: O primado do político na história económica do Estado Novo (Lisbon: Editorial Notícias, 2000), 259 pp., [euro]13.92, ISBN 972-46-1110-8. Pedro Aires Oliveira, Armindo Monteiro: Uma biografia política (Venda Nova: Bertrand Editora, 2000), 340 pp., [euro]17.96, ISBN 972-25-1122-X.Studies regarding the origins and nature of António Oliveira Salazar's New State are being published in Portugal at an impressive rate. New sources and methods are being employed by Portuguese historians in an attempt to come to grips with a dictatorship which lasted forty-eight years and which, although able to change its guise, was always reluctant to do so, and was never as successful in transforming itself as Francoist Spain.

Anmeldelse af:CHRISTIAN DAHLTragedie og bystatOm fællesskab og konflikt i Athens dramatiske kulturKøbenhavn, 2010 (Museum TusculanumsForlag, ph.d.-afhandling). 343 sider.ANNE BIRGITTE RICHARDDen urimelige kunstOm tragediens former og de tragiske følelserKøbenhavn, 2010 (Roskilde Universitetsforlag).200 sider.

Background: ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) is a consequence of restored blood supply after myocardial infarction. Myocardial I/R injury can be alleviated by reducing autophagy in heart tissue. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) has been shown to regulate autophagy in a renal model of I/R, but it is not known whether it can protect cardiac tissues from I/R injury. This study investigated how miR-34a protects myocardial cells from I/R injury by inhibiting autophagy via regulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Methods: we constructed an I/R model in vivo using Langendorff perfusion, and we constructed an in vivo model by treating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) with hypoxia–reoxygenation (H/R method). Transfected adenoviral-overexpressed miR-34a mimics and controlled NRCMs after H/R. We analyzed cell viability using the MTT assay and a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Changes in the rate of apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. We investigated the effect mechanisms of miR-34a with Western blot and luciferase assays. Results: miR-34a expression decreased after in vivo reperfusion of the myocardial cells and heart tissues of neonatal rats. MiR-34a reduced apoptosis of the NRCMs and autophagy levels, simultaneously, after H/R injury. Further, miR-34a decreased the expression of Lc3-II and p62, indicating that miR-34a reduces myocardial I/R injury by decreasing TNFα expression. Conclusion: miR-34a can inhibit autophagy levels after I/R by targeting TNFα, thereby reducing myocardial injury.

Abstract Greenstreet, S. P. R., Rogers, S. I., Rice, J. C., Piet, G. J., Guirey, E. J., Fraser, H. M., and Fryer, R. J. 2012. A reassessment of trends in the North Sea Large Fish Indicator and a re-evaluation of earlier conclusions. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 343–345. Previous analysis of the Large Fish Indicator, the basis for the North Sea “fish communities” EcoQO, suggested a strong recovery between 2001 and 2008. Discovery of a mistake in this earlier analysis now suggests that this recovery is not as strong as first thought, but reanalysis of the corrected data still supports the majority of conclusions drawn in the original paper.

С развитием торговли на караванных путях появляются постоялые дворы, причем самые ранние известны уже во II тыс. до н.э. После арабских завоеваний на Востоке складывается достаточно стандартный и хорошо узнаваемый тип постоялогодвора, получивший название «караван-сарай» или «хан». В Средней Азии и Иране в основе плана караван-сараев лежит обширный двор, окруженный мощными стенами, к которым изнутри пристроены различные помещения. В Армении был выработан оригинальный тип закрытого зального караван-сарая. Наиболее распространенный в Малой Азии тип караван-сараев представляет собой синтез дворовых и зальных зданий. Несмотря на то, что существует достаточно много обобщающих работ, в которых собраны и проанализированы караван-сараи различных стран Востока, до сих пор не создана классификация этой очень важной категории зданий. Предлагаемая типология основывается на планиметрии построек. В предлагаемой классификации используются следующие признаки: наличие или отсутствие открытого двора, количество дворов, форма плана, количество входов, застройка двора, расположение помещений, наличие колоннады. Предложенная классификация достаточно универсальна и отражает большую часть элементов, из которых строится план здания. Кроме того, она позволяет изобразить планировку зданий в виде краткого кода. Библиографические ссылки 1. Бартольд В.В. История культурной жизни Туркестана. Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1927. 256 c. 2. Бартольд В.В. Туркестан в эпоху монгольского нашествия. Соч. в восьми томах. М.: «Наука», 1963. Т. 1. 763 с. 3. Буряков Ю.Ф. По древним караванным путям Ташкентского оазиса. Ташкент: «Фан», 1978. 104 с. 4. Вишневская О.А. Раскопки караван-сараев Ак-яйла и Талайхан-ата // Ар- хеологические и этнографические работы Хорезмской экспедиции 1949–1953. Труды ХАЭЭ. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1958. Т. II. С. 431-467. 5. Всеобщая история архитектуры (ред. О.Х. Халпахчьян). Л.–М.: Изд-во литературы по строительству, 1970. Т. 1. 512 с. 6. Всеобщая история архитектуры (ред. А.М. Прибыткова). Л.–М.: Изд-во литературы по строительству, 1969. Т. 8. 491 с. 7. Литвинский Б.А., Зеймаль Т.И. Буддийский монастырь Аджина-тепа. Раскопки. Архитектура. Искусство. СПб.: «Нестор-история», 2010. 320 с. 8. Маньковская Л.Ю. Типологические основы зодчества Средней Азии. IX – начало XX в. Ташкент: «Фан», 1980. 184 с. 9. Маньковская Л.Ю. Формообразование и типология зодчества Средней Азии. IX – начало XX века. Ташкент: «Baktria Press», 2014. 496 с. 10. Мухамеджанов А.Р., Адылов Ш.Т., Мирзахмедов Д.К., Семенов Г.Л. Городище Пайкенд. К проблеме изучения средневекового города Средней Азии. Ташкент: «Фан», 1988. 195 с. 11. Немцева Н.Б. Среднеазиатские караван-сараи в генетическом аспекте // Раннесредневековая культура Средней Азии и Казахстана (тез. всесоюзн. научн. конф в г. Пенджикенте). Душанбе, 1977. С. 163-165. 12. Немцева Н.Б. Рабат-и Малик // Художественная культура Средней Азии IX–XIII вв. Ташкент: Изд-во литер. и искусства, 1983. С. 135-146. 13. Немцева Н.Б. Рабат-и Малик: материалы раскопок // Отзвуки Великого Хорезма. К 100-летию со дня рождения С.П. Толстова. М., 2010. С. 267-311. 14. Пугаченкова Г.А. Пути развития архитектуры Южного Туркменистана поры рабовладения и феодализма. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1958а. 492 с. 15. Пугаченкова Г.А. Новые материалы к истории архитектуры Туркменистана. Труды ЮТАКЭ. Ашхабад, 1958б. Т. 8. 406 с. 16. Пугаченкова Г.А. Новое об архитектуре средневекового Мерва. Труды ЮТАКЭ. Ашхабад, 1963. Т. 12. 371 с. 17. Смирнова О.И. Очерки по истории Согда. М.: Наука, 1970. 288 c. 18. Толстов С.П. Древний Хорезм. М.: МГУ, 1948. 440 c. 19. Халпахчьян О.Х. Каравансараи Армении // АН. 1959. № 11. С. 105-133. 20. Халпахчьян О.Х. Гражданское зодчество Армении (жилые и общественные здания). М.: Стройиздат, 1971. 245 с. 21. Хмельницкий С. Между арабами и тюрками. Архитектура Средней Азии IX–X вв. Берлин–Рига: «Continent», 1992. 344 с. 22. Хмельницкий С. Между Саманидами и монголами. Архитектура Средней Азии XI – начала XIII в. Берлин-Рига: «Gamajun», 1996. Ч. I. 336 c. 23. Barthold V. Der iranische Buddhismus und sein Verhältnis zum Islam // Oriental studies in honour of C.E. Pavry. London: Oxford University Press, 1933. Р. 29-31. 24. Godard A. L’Art de Iran. Paris: Arthaud, 1962. 836 c. 25. Herzfeld E. Damaskus. Studies in Architecture. Ars Islamica.Vol. 10. Ann Arbor, 1943. P. 13-70. 26. Hillenbrand R. Islamic Architecture. New-York: Columbia University Press, 1994. 645 р. 27. Kleiss W. Karawanenbauten in Iran. T. I // Materialen zur Iranischen Archäologie, B. 2. DAI. Abteilung Teheran. Berlin, 1996. 322 p. 28. Stierlin H. Turkey from the Selçuks to the Ottomans. Köln: «Tachen», 1998. 238 p.

I begin with the commentary by João Biehl and Sebastian Ramirez. I don’t know which is the author, but I know that my article has not been read as a “signifying machine,” with openness toward “what it may tell,” or wondering “if it works or not” (Deleuze 1990: 3–21), or simply “with openness to the existence of a third” (Biehl and Locke 2010: 347). Of course there is a lack of fit between the positions I put forward and those defended by the authors of the critique. Although our positions may differ, they are not necessarily incompatible: at least one of their several “intersections and junctions” (Biehl and Locke 2010: 347) might be revealed through a reading that is open but not a-critical. The divergence between the positions adopted by the authors and those I defend is, for me, one of the fruits of the diversity that characterizes intellectual creativity, and in particular that of history and anthropology.

Abstract Background Studies of hospital discharge data and large observational cohorts show that the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) varies by race. We sought to determine the incidence of VTE in each of the following ethnic groups Caucasians, Africans, Asians, and Hispanics. Methods A systematic literature search strategy was used to identify potential studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL using an OVID interface. The methodological quality of eligible studies was assessed according to Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The primary outcome measure was to identify the incidence/prevalence of VTE of each ethnic group available for the study in the context of a population based study. Results Out of 3418 potential studies, 19 met our inclusion criteria (Table). Of these, 9 studies were population based studies: 5 reported VTE incidence per 100,000 person-years (PY), 2 measured the standardized incidence ratio, and 2 European studies assessed VTE rate according to country of origin but not ethnicity (data not shown). In addition, 7 studies measured the hospital incidence rate of VTE, and 3 assessed VTE prevalence. Data could not be pooled due to marked heterogeneity including varied periods of study. VTE incidence per 100,000 PY was found to be between 162 and 439 in Caucasians, 143 and 746 in Africans, 3.2 and 16.6 in Asians. Hospital incidence of VTE per 100,000 PY was found to be between 21 and 131 in Caucasians, 22 and 155 in Africans, 2 and 26 in Asians, 33.1 and 71 in American Indians/Alaskan Indians, and 9 in Hispanics. Conclusions Our findings suggest a wide variation in reported incidence rates for VTE among different ethnic groups, even within the same group. In general, studies in Asian populations suggest a lower incidence of VTE. A marked heterogeneity of study designs, population settings prevent drawing firm conclusions. A significant risk of bias cannot be excluded for several studies. Further studies assessing concurrently the risk of VTE among different ethnicities in the same geographical area are needed. Table 1. Summary of the included studies. Study Country Time Period f/u duration Sample size VTE incidence /Prevalence (95% CI) Zakai, 2014 US 439,090 person year 51,149 Zakai: ARIC US 1987-1996 15,792 (I) Cauc.: 166 (1.48-1.86) Afr.: 259 (2.21-3.03) Zakai: CHS US 1989-1997 5,888 (I) Cauc.: 439 (3.13-6.16) Afr.: 746 (4.68-11.90) Zakai: REGARDS, Southeast area US 2003-2007 30,239 (I) Cauc.: 162 (1.26-2.07) Afr.: 224 (1.72-2.92) Zakai: REGARDS, Rest of US US 2003-2007 30,239 (I) Cauc.: 205 (1.58-2.66) Afr.: 143 (1.02-2.00) Deitelzweig, 2010 US 2002 46,652 (P) per 100,000 persons Cauc.: M 457, F NA Afr.: M 584, F NA Hisp.: M 94, F 93 Others: M 329, F 345 2005 46,652 (P) per 100,000 persons Cauc.: M 643, F 446 Afr.: M 784, F 444 Hisp.: M 149, F 154 Others: M 285, F 297 DeMonaco, 2008 US 1997 37,892 (HI) Cauc.: 44 Afr.: 53 2001 37,892 (HI) Cauc.: 56 Afr.: 60 Heit, 2010 US 2003-2009 2,397 (P) N(%) Cauc.: Total= 1381 (69) Afr.: Total=272 (69) N(%) Cauc.: VTE = 551 (27) Afr.: VTE = 75 (19) Hooper, 2003 US 1980-1996 (HI) American Indians/Alaskan Indians: 33.1 Jang, 2011 Korea 2004 (I) Asians: VTE: 8.83, DVT: 3.91, PE: 3.74 2008 (I) Asians: VTE: 13.8, DVT: 5.31 , PE: 7.01 Kitamukai, 2003 Japan 2000 (I) Asians: 3.2 (29.2-33.9) Klatsky, 2000 US 1978-1994 1,822,302 total person years 128,934 (HI) Cauc.: 21 Afr.: 22 Asians: 2 Hisp.: 9 Others (unspecified): 15 Lee, 2010 Taiwan 2001 & 2002 11,566 person year Crude Incidence per 100,000 person year: Asians: VTE=15.9 Liu, 2002 China 1997-2000 (I) Asians: 16.6 Sakuma, 2009 Japan 2006 (I) Asians: PE= 6.19 (51.7- 72.1) DVT= 11.5 (98.2-132.9) Schneider, 2006 US 1998-2000 (HI) Cauc.: M 36.47 ; F 37.96 Afr.: M 53.64 ; F 61.53 Stein, Am J Med. 2004 US 1990-1999 (HI) Cauc.: VTE= 122 Afr.: VTE= 134 Asians: VTE= 23 Stein, Arch Intern Med. 2004 US 1996-2001 (HI) Cauc.: 131 Afr.: 155 American Indians and Alaskan Indians: 71 Tan, 2007 Singa-pore 1998-2001 271 pairs of cases and controls (P) N(%) Asians: 32.1% (29.0-35.3) White, 2005 US 1996 21,002 (SIR): Cauc.: 103 (101-105) Afr.: 138 (132-145) Asians: 29 (27-32) Hisp.: 61 (59-64) Others: 72 (65-80) White, 1998 US 1991-1994 17991 (SIR): Cauc.: 23 Afr.: 29.3 Asians: 6 Hisp.: 13.9 Abbreviations. f/u: follow up; CI: confidence interval; (I): incidence per 100,000 PY; (P): prevalence; (HI): Hospital Incidence per 100,000 PY; (SIR): Standardized Incidence Rate; M:male; F: female; N: total number. Cauc. Caucasians, Afr. Africans, Hisp. hispanics Disclosures Lazo-Langner: Pfizer: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria.

The industrial development era 4.0, many threats lurk children in the form of bad influence through books, videos, or other media and become a challenge for parents and teachers. Gender education and the introduction of personal identity are important given early on. This study aims to determine the effect of teacher knowledge on the implementation of gender education in early childhood. This research uses quantitative survey research methods with a simple linear regression design for data analysis. The respondents were 34 early childhood education teachers. The results show the data with the conclusion that the calculated value> t table and p-value (sig) of 0.001 (<0.05) which means that there is a significant influence on teacher knowledge about early childhood gender education. Research suggests about how to improve gender education in early childhood education and create learning modules for early childhood teacher guidance. Keywords: Early gender education, Teacher knowledge about gender education References: Adoniou, M. (2015). Teacher knowledge: a complex tapestry. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 43(2), 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2014.932330 Awaji M, A. K. (2016). Analysis of workrelated injuries among health care workers in armed forces hospi-tal southern region, kingdom of saudi arabia. Br J Med Med Res., 15(4). Azwar, S. (2010). Sikap Manusia: Teori dan Pengukurannya Edisi 2. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Chapman, R. (2016). A case study of gendered play in preschools: how early childhood educators’ perceptions of gender influence children’s play. Early Child Development and Care, 186(8), 1271–1284. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2015.1089435 Cherney, I. D., & Dempsey, J. (2010). Young children’s classification, stereotyping and play behaviour for gender neutral and ambiguous toys. Educational Psychology, 30(6), 651–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2010.498416 Filipović, K. (2018). Gender Representation in Children’s Books: Case of an Early Childhood Setting. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 32(3), 310–325. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2018.1464086 Francis, B. (2010). Gender, toys and learning. Oxford Review of Education, 36(3), 325–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054981003732278 Frödén, S. (2019). Situated decoding of gender in a Swedish preschool practice. Ethnography and Education, 14(2), 121–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457823.2017.1422135 Ghozali, I. (2011). Aplikasi Analisis Mulivariante dengan Program IBM SPSS 19 Edisi 5. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Huggins, V. (2014). Education 3-13 : International Journal of Primary , Elementary and Early Years Education Children at play : Learning gender in the early years. gray2011.p(November). https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2011.644316 La Paro, K. M., Van Schagen, A., King, E., & Lippard, C. (2018). A Systems Perspective on Practicum Experiences in Early Childhood Teacher Education: Focus on Interprofessional Relationships. Early Childhood Education Journal, 46(4), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-017-0872-8 Lynch, M. (2015). Guys and dolls: a qualitative study of teachers’ views of gendered play in kindergarten. Early Child Development and Care, 185(5), 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2014.950260 Meland, A. T., & Kaltvedt, E. H. (2019). Tracking gender in kindergarten. Early Child Development and Care, 189(1), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2017.1302945 Muasya, J., & Kazungu, T. (2018). ‘The unfinished business’: Exploring teachers’ views on gender and pedagogical practices in public preschools in Nairobi county, Kenya. African Educational Research Journal, 6(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.30918/aerj.61.18.007 Notoatmodjo, S. (2014). Ilmu Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Nursalam. (2014). Manajemen Keperawatan: Aplikasi Dalam Praktik Keperawatan Profesional. Jakarta: Salemba Medika. Papalia, D. E., & Duskin, R. (2015). Perkembangan Manusia. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika. Salawati, L., Herry, N., & Putra, A. (2014). Analisis Tindakan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Perawat Dalam Pengendalian Infeksi Nosokomial Di Ruang ICU RSUD DR. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. 14(3). Solehudin, M. (2018). Peran Guru Pai Dalam Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Emosional (EQ) Dan Kecer-dasan Spiritual (SQ) Siswa Smk Komputama Majenang. Jurnal Tawadhu, 1(3). Sulastri, S., & Ahmad Tarmizi, A. T. (2017). Peran Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Raudhatul Athfal: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 1(1), 61–80. https://doi.org/10.19109/ra.v1i1.1526 Suyadi. (2014). Teori pembelajaran anak usia dini, dalam kajian neourons. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Vanner, C. (2019). Examining gender safety in schools: Teacher agency and resistance in two primary schools in kirinyaga, kenya. Education Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010063 Warin, J., & Adriany, V. (2017). Gender flexible pedagogy in early childhood education. Journal of Gender Studies, 26(4), 375–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2015.1105738 Wingrave, M. (2018). Perceptions of gender in early years. Gender and Education, 30(5), 587–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2016.1258457 Wu, Y. P., Wu, J. F., Chen, Y. M., Han, L., Han, P. G., Wang, P., & Gao, F. (2015). Shyness and School Adjustment Among Chinese Preschool Children: Examining the Moderating Effect of Gender and Teacher–Child Relationship. Early Education and Development, 26(2), 149–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2015.970503 Zhukovskyi, V., & Kostiuk, O. (2015). Stages Of Gender Education In Canadian Secondary Schools. Comparative Professional Pedagogy, 5(2), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1515/rpp-2015-0037

Abstract The aim of this paper is to shed light on the evidentiality functions used by the comedian Andreu Buenafuente during his monologues in Spanish (2007–2011). Firstly, some hypotheses are proposed: (1) genre may determine pragmatic evidentiality functions; (2) evidentials are integrated into a monologue’s expository-argumentative structure; (3) several evidentiality strategies may be distinguished with regard to this structural role; (4) one of these strategies in humorous texts consists of acting as a humorous evidentiality marker. Secondly, reportative evidentials (Willet, 1988; Plungian 2001; Dendale & Tasmowski, 2001, p. 343) such as según, según dicen, dicen que (‘[they/people]) say’) and se ve que (lit. ‘it is seen that/apparently’), and a direct attested evidential, claro (‘of course’), are analyzed. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses serve as the basis to confirm the hypotheses posed and finally to propose a semantic-pragmatic framework for evidentials and evidentialty in Andreu Buenafuente’s humorous monologues. The corpus comprises 203 printed monologues from the books Sigo diciendo (‘I still say’) (2009), Digo yo (‘So I say’) (2010) and Hablar es gratis (‘Speaking is free of charge’) (2011).

Ключові слова: освіта, вища освіта, педагогічні заклади вищої освіти, Уманський педагогічний університет. Анотація У статті висвітлено історичні та історіографічні дослідження, які стосуються розвитку та реформування вищої педагогічної освіти загалом та Уманського державного педагогічного університету зокрема. Показано узагальнювальні праці вчених з історії вищої педагогічної освіти, про особливості становлення і розвитку педагогічних інститутів та діяльність їх структурних підрозділів і науково-педагогічних кадрів в Україні, зокрема на Черкащині. Проаналізовано праці, присвячені історії Уманського державного педагогічного університету імені Павла Тичини, де розглянуто окремі періоди діяльності інституту, його підрозділів та окремих викладачів. Посилання 70 rokiv Drohobytskomu universytetu, 2010 – 70 rokiv Drohobytskomu pedahohichnomu universytetu imeni Ivana Franka. Molod i rynok [70 years of Drohobych Pedagogical University named after Ivan Franko]. 2010. № 9. S 5-7. [in Ukrainian]. 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Sexual dimorphisms such as differences in growth rate and metabolism have been observed in the early embryo, suggesting that sex chromosome-linked gene expression may play an active role in early embryo development. Furthermore, in vitro sex ratios are often skewed toward males, indicating that Y-linked genes may benefit development. While little attention has been paid to the Y chromosome, expression of some Y-linked genes such as SRY and ZFY has been identified in the early embryo, and only a few studies have systematically examined early stages. Identification of transcripts of Y-linked genes in the early embryo may provide insights into male development and provide markers of embryonic genome activation in male embryos. The objectives of this study were i) to examine the timing of transcription of 2 Y chromosome-linked genes involved with sperm production and male development, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9 (USP9Y) and zinc finger protein (ZFY), in in vitro-produced bovine embryos from the 2-cell stage to the blastocyst stage and ii) to determine if USP9Y and ZFY transcripts are present in in vitro-produced embryos arrested at the 2- to 8-cell stages. To examine the chronology of transcription of these genes, pools of 30 embryos for each developmental stage, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, morula, and blastocyst, were produced by bovine standard in vitro embryo production (Ashkar et al. 2010 Hum. Reprod. 252, 334–344) using semen from a single bull. Pools of 30 were used to balance sex ratios and to account for naturally arresting embryos. Embryos for each developmental stage were harvested and snap frozen. Total RNA was extracted from each pool, reverse transcribed to cDNA and by using PCR, and transcripts of USP9Y and ZFY were detected as positive or negative. In addition pools of 30 embryos arrested at the 2- to 8-cell stage harvested 7 days after IVF were processed and analysed in the same way to determine if transcripts from the Y chromosomes are present in developmentally arrested embryos. Transcripts of USP9Y and ZFY were detected in the pooled embryos from the 8-cell stage through to the blastocyst stage, but none were detected in the 2-cell or 4-cell pools. Transcripts of ZFY were detected in the arrested 2- to 8-cell embryo pool, but transcripts of USP9Y were not detected. Given that these Y genes begin expression at the 8-cell stage, coincident with embryonic genome activation, it was concluded that these genes may be important for early male embryo development. Furthermore, the results suggest that arrested embryos that have stopped cleaving before the major activation of the embryonic genome are still capable of transcribing at least some of these genes. The absence of USP9Y transcripts in the arrested embryos suggests that it may be important for early male embryo development. Funding was provided by NSERC, the CRC program, and the OVC scholarship program.

Background:The Norwegian Association of Rheumatologists has established a national procedure for management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Norway.1 The purpose of the procedure is to support equal and evidence-based diagnosis, care and follow-up of RA patients1. It serves as guidance to all responsible of RA patient health care. The procedure includes recognized themes in rheumatic care.2,3 The impact of the procedure on RA care in Norway is, however, unknown.Objectives:To understand the patient experience through evaluating how the national procedure for RA is being followed from the patient viewpoint. To identify gaps and areas of improvement to align the national procedure and patient experience.Methods:Members of patient organization Norwegian Rheumatism Association were invited to answer a survey on demographic and disease-specific variables, perceived health and quality of care. The survey was supported by service design patient interviews (N=14). The invitations for interviews were sent through many initiatives for a representable population.Results:The observational RA cohort constituted of N=374. The patients were on average satisfied with shared decision-making, care and follow-ups: 71 % felt their illness was under control. Patients in centralized areas were more satisfied with well-being. Diagnosis times have shortened from on average 1.7 to 1.5 year in 10 years. Patients, especially those working, were dissatisfied with rehab support. 30 % of patients felt cooperation of primary and secondary care was not satisfactory and 32 % were worried for future treatment.Table 1 shows the differences in awareness of comorbidities and regular vaccination need. Where applicable, the table also shows the percentage of patients screened. The results show that patients are aware of risks, but are not being screened for the conditions. Younger patients (< 50 years) with symptoms for less than five years were generally less aware.Table 1.Awareness of comorbidity and regular vaccination needComorbiditiesRegular vaccine needHeart diseaseLung diseaseOsteoporosisAwarenessScreenedAwarenessScreenedAwarenessScreenedAwarenessOverall (# of patients)70 % (239/342)34 % (115/342)37 % (127/342)25 % (87/342)58 % (201/344)41 % (141/343)56 % (191/344)AgeUnder 50 yrs67 % (42/63)24 % (15/63)39 % (24/62)27 % (17/63)46 % (29/63)19 % (12/63)51 % (32/63)Over 50 yrs71 % (197/279)36 % (100/279)37 % (103/280)25 % (70/279)61 % (172/281)46 % (129/280)57 % (159/281)Disease onsetUnder 5 yrs56 % (27/48)19 % (9/48)29 % (14/48)20 % (10/49)51 % (25/49)21 % (10/48)59 % (29/49)Over 5 yrs72 % (212/294)36 % (106/294)38 % (113/294)26 % (77/293)59 % (176/295)44 % (131/295)55 % (162/295)The education of patients about regular vaccines (e.g. influenza and pneumonia) could be improved. Only 56 % were aware of the need for these vaccines due to RA. When asked specifically, 73 % of patients had received an influenza vaccine and 48 % pneumonia vaccine.Conclusion:This survey examines quality of care, shared decision-making, disease awareness and planning and provides a gap analysis of patient experience and national procedure. The results show that national procedure in RA is being followed from the patient viewpoint. Patients are satisfied with care, but information on preventive care (e.g. vaccination and comorbidity awareness and screenings) could be strengthened. This could improve planning of care and the outlook, particularly for young patients.References:[1]Aga AB, Haavardsholm EA. Revmatoid artritt. Nasjonal veileder i revmatologi. 2020[2]Barber CEH, Lacaille D, Hall M, Bohm V, Li LC, Barnabe C, Hazlewood GS, Marshall DA, Rankin JA, Tsui K, English K, MacMullan P, Homik J, Mosher D, Then KL. Priorities for High Quality Care in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of Patient, Health Professional, and Policymaker Perspectives. J Rheumatol. 2020[3]Brekke M, Hjortdahl P, Kvien TK. Involvement and satisfaction: a Norwegian study of health care among 1,024 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 1,509 patients with chronic noninflammatory musculoskeletal pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Feb;45(1):8-Disclosure of Interests:Christian Pollock Fjellstad: None declared, Milla Hägg Consultant of: Pfizer, Moona Kautonen Consultant of: Pfizer, Randeep Mandla Shareholder of: Pfizer, Consultant of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer.

В статье дается новая попытка прочтения древнетюркских рунических надписей Кулжабасы I и II, а также обсуждаются возможности их датировки и атрибуции на основе комплексного анализа имеющихся данных. Авторами анализируются особенности надписей и археологический контекст их обнаружения. Предпринята попытка выделить особенности графического фонда надписей Кулжабасы в общем контексте памятников древнетюркской рунической письменности азиатского ареала. В составе археологического ландшафта гор Кулжабасы обе рунические надписи локализуются в двух обособленных районах концентрации средневековых памятников (зимних стоянок кочевников, могильников, ритуальных оград с изваяниями, петроглифов «престижной» тематики), вблизи крупных стоянок, отмеченных наскальными изображениями однотипных знаков (тамга). Археологический контекст Кулжабасы I позволяет датировать надпись не ранее второй половины VIII в. или IX–X вв. 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Avaliaram-se, por meio de estudo retrospectivo, o perfil epidemiológico, os sinais clínicos, as técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas e a recuperação de cães apresentados para tratamento de luxação de patela no Hospital Veterinário da UFMG, no período de 2000 a 2010. Utilizaram-se as fichas clínico-cirúrgicas dos cães e registraram-se os dados referentes a cada animal. Foram estudadas 342 articulações nos registros de 210 animais. A luxação medial congênita bilateral foi a apresentação mais frequente, e as fêmeas foram mais acometidas. A idade dos animais variou de 32 dias a 16 anos, com maior ocorrência da luxação nos animais com até um ano de idade e massa corporal inferior a 9,1kg. Em 11,7% dos membros, a luxação era de grau I, em 39,8% grau II, em 20,5% grau III e em 28% grau IV. A frequência de claudicação pré-operatória foi maior nos cães com luxações graus III e IV. Das 342 articulações, 218 foram submetidas à cirurgia. Na avaliação pós-operatória, os animais com luxação grau IV mostraram maior frequência de claudicação. A luxação patelar acomete principalmente fêmeas, sendo a luxação congênita bilateral a apresentação mais comum, e animais jovens e de pequeno porte são mais susceptíveis. A recuperação funcional pós-operatória nas luxações grau IV é lenta e parcial.

Objective. In this study, we investigated whether RAAS gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their interactions were associated with end-stage renal stage (ESRD).Methodology and Results. This was a case-control study for 647 ESRD cases and 644 controls. AGT (M235T (rs699) and T174M (rs4762)), AGTR1 (A1166C (rs5186) and C573T (rs5182)), ACE (I/D (rs1799752) and G2350A (rs4343)), and CYP11B2 C-344T (rs1799998) were genotyped and compared between cases and controls to identify SNPs associated with ESRD susceptibility. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to identify gene-gene interactions. Several RAAS genes were associated with ESRD: AGT M235T, ACE I/D, ACE G2350A, and CYP11B2 C-344T. By MDR analysis, a three-locus model (ACE ID/ACE G2350A/CYP11B2 C-344T) of gene-gene interaction was the best for predicting ESRD risk, and its maximum testing accuracy was 56.08% and maximum cross-validation consistency was 9/10. ESRD risk was higher with the simultaneous occurrence of ACE I/D DD-ACE G2350A AA. AGT, ACE, and CYP11B2 gene polymorphisms are associated with ESRD.Conclusions. The gene-gene interaction effects of ACE I/D, ACE G2350A, and CYP11B2 C-344T polymorphisms are more important than individual factors for ESRD development among Han Chinese.

El objeto de este trabajo es el estudio del simbolismo de las aves en el ámbito tartésico y fenicio-púnico en la península ibérica durante el Bronce Final y el Hierro I. Se han recogido y analizado aquellas piezas con representaciones de aves, así como los restos orgánicos de éstas, si bien esto último no ha dado muchos frutos debido a las dificultades que existen tanto para su conservación como para la posterior identificación de especies. En total se han podido determinar ánades, gallos, palomas, flamencos, cisnes, lechuzas y halcones, todas ellas representadas en el Mediterráneo oriental y cuya iconografía se vincula al mundo funerario, al tránsito al Más Allá y a las divinidades. Gran parte de esa iconografía llegó a la península de mano de los fenicios, si bien su acogida y aceptación entre la población local fue variable. Palabras clave: aves, simbolismo, tartesios, fenicios, púnicosTopónimos: península ibéricaPeriodo: Hierro I. ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to study the symbolism of birds in Tartessian and Phoenician-Punic cultures within the Iberian Peninsula during the late Bronze and early Iron Age. To this end, items with any sort of symbolism connected with birds have been analysed. Organic remains have also been examined, although the latter did not make a relevant contribution to the study due to problems of conservation of the organic remains and subsequent identification of species. I have identified ducks, roosters, pigeons, flamingos, swans, owls and hawks, all located around the East Mediterranean basin and related to funerary contexts, the journey to the hereafter and deities. Most of this iconography reached the Iberian Peninsula via Phoenician culture, albeit its acceptance among the local population varied. Keywords: birds, symbolism, Tartesian, Phoenicians, PunicPlace names: Iberian PeninsulaPeriod: Iron Age REFERENCIASAlmagro Gorbea, M. J. 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Background: To examine trends in the clinicopathological characteristics of vulvar cancer in Japan. Methods: This is a nationwide retrospective study examining consecutive women with vulvar cancer between 2001 and 2010 in Japan (n = 1061). Temporal trends in demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival were assessed by cohort-level analysis. The National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result Program was used for external validation (n = 10,154). Results: The number of oldest-old women aged ≥80 years significantly increased (from 18.0% in 2001 to 30.6% in 2010; 70.5% relative increase) in the study period. A stage shift was observed, with stage I disease decreasing from 43.0% to 34.0% (21.0% relative decrease), and tumors with distant metastases increasing from 23.2% to 35.6% (53.3% relative increase, p < 0.05). The number of women who underwent surgical treatment decreased from 84.0% to 69.7% (17.0% relative decrease), whereas utilization of radiotherapy increased from 34.4% to 43.2% (25.7% relative increase) over time (p < 0.05). In the cohort-level analysis, the five-year survival rates significantly decreased from 2001 to 2010 (p < 0.05), specifically, 66.9% to 51.0% for progression-free survival (23.7% relative decrease), 79.5% to 67.9% for cause-specific survival (14.6% relative decrease), and 74.9% to 62.3% for overall survival (16.9% relative decrease). In the patient-level analysis, oldest-old women were less likely to undergo surgical treatment and were independently associated with decreased survival (p < 0.05). In the US cohort, the number of oldest-old women (25.2% to 27.8%) and the five-year cause-specific survival rate (81.8% to 79.9%) remained unchanged during the study period (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Demographics and outcomes of vulvar cancer in Japan significantly changed during the study period. An increasing oldest-old population and a stage shift to more metastatic disease resulted in a cohort-level decrease in survival rates.

AbstractThe Tribeč granitic core (Tatric Superunit, Western Carpathians, Slovakia) is formed by Devonian/Lower Carboniferous, calc-alkaline I- and S-type granitic rocks and their altered equivalents, which provide a rare opportunity to study the Variscan magmatic, post-magmatic and tectonic evolution. The calculatedP-T-Xpath of I-type granitic rocks, based on Fe-Ti oxides, hornblende, titanite and mica-bearing equilibria, illustrates changes in redox evolution. There is a transition from magmatic stage atTca. 800–850 °C and moderate oxygen fugacity (FMQ buffer) to an oxidation event at 600 °C between HM and NNO up to the oxidation peak at 480 °C and HM buffer, to the final reduction at ca. 470 °C at ΔNN= 3.3. Thus, the post-magmatic Variscan history recorded in I-type tonalites shows at early stage pronounced oxidation and low temperature shift back to reduction. The S-type granites originated at temperature 700–750 °C at lower water activity and temperature. TheP-Tconditions of mineral reactions in altered granitoids at Variscan time (both I and S-types) correspond to greenschist facies involving formation of secondary biotite. The Tribeč granite pluton recently shows horizontal and vertical zoning: from the west side toward the east S-type granodiorites replace I-type tonalites and these medium/coarse-grained granitoids are vertically overlain by their altered equivalents in greenschist facies. Along the Tribeč mountain ridge, younger undeformed leucocratic granite dykes in age 342±4.4 Ma cut these metasomatically altered granitic rocks and thus post-date the alteration process. The overlaying sheet of the altered granites is in a low-angle superposition on undeformed granitoids and forms “a granite duplex” within Alpine Tatric Superunit, which resulted from a syn-collisional Variscan thrusting event and melt formation ~340 Ma. The process of alteration may have been responsible for shifting the oxidation trend to the observed partial reduction.

Background. Widespread use of the IOTN along with detailed study of occlusal traits is suitable for planning community dental health resources. Objectives. The aim of current study was to assess the need for orthodontic treatment among school children of Tehran by means of the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and also to evaluate the occlusal traits of the subjects. Methods. 684 (343 boys and 341 girls) school children, 15 to 17 years of age, were selected at random from 12 schools to represent the four main areas of Tehran. The final sample who met the inclusion criteria comprised 643 subjects (322 males and 321 females). Malocclusion was determined with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The IOTN grades were statistically compared in the two genders using chi-square test. Results. Orthodontic treatment need, using the DHC, was found in only 9.0 per cent of the children. The prevalence of Angle Class I malocclusion in this study was higher than other malocclusions (65.2 per cent), followed by crowding in 62.7 per cent of the subjects. Conclusion. Orthodontic treatment need for Tehran high school students was relatively lower than that reported in most recent studies in Europe.

Целью статьи является актуализация темы тембра музыкального инструмента и певческого голоса в киномузыке. Вопросы тембральной специфики часто включаются в контекст работ, посвященных анализу музыки в ракурсе ее функций и семантики в аудиовизуальной структуре фильма, но, как правило, не рассматриваются обособленно. Однако развитие языка киноискусства и звукозаписывающих технологий приводят к пониманию необходимости специальных исследований возможностей тембров в современных музыкально-звуковых решениях кинофильмов. В статье дан краткий обзор историко-теоретических, технико-технологических и эстетических аспектов изучения тембра в киномузыке. На примере ряда кинопроизведений В. Вендерса, Дж. Джармуша, И. Бергмана, А. Балабанова, А. Каурисмяки и других режиссеров демонстрируется монотембральность как один из приемов выражения квинтэссенции авторской эстетики и глубинной семантики в звуковом решении фильма. Отдельное внимание обращается на относительно кратковременные включения му­зыкаль­ных фрагментов с характерным тембром внутри так называемых медитативных зон фильма. Другой рассматриваемый аспект поиска и применения тембров в современном кинематографе связан с новым осмыслением и аудиовизуальным воплощением диегетического и недиегетического пространств фильма в парадигме транскультурализма, а также в условиях развития многоканальных звуковых форматов, применяемых в кинопроизводстве начиная с 2010-х годов. The article updates the topic of the timbre of a musical instrument and a singing voice in film music. Issues of timbral specificity are often included in the context of studies devoted to the analysis of film music from the perspective of its functions and semantics in the audiovisual structure of the film but, as a rule, are not considered separately. However, the development of the cinematographic language and sound recording technologies lead to an understanding of the need for special studies of timbre possibilities in the creation of modern musical and sound solutions in films of different genres. The article provides a brief overview of the historical-theoretical, technical-technological and aesthetic aspects of timbre study in film music. On the example of a number of films by W. Wenders, J. Jarmusch, I. Bergman, A. Balabanov, A. Kaurismäki and other directors, mono-timbre is demonstrated as one of the means for expressing the quintessence of the author’s aesthetics and the deep essence of the semantic utterance in the sound solution of the film. Special attention is paid to the relatively short-term inclusion of musical fragments with a characteristic timbre inside the so-called “meditative zones” of the film. Another spotlighted tendency in search and appli­cation of timbres in modern cinema is associated with a new understanding and audiovisual embodiment of the diegetic and non-diegetic spaces of the film in the transcultural paradigm and in the context of the development of multi-channel sound formats used in film production since the 2010s.

Attenuation of age-related sarcopenia by creatine supplementation has been equivocal. In this study, plantaris muscles of young (Y; 5m) and aging (A; 24m) Fisher 344 rats underwent four weeks of either control (C), creatine supplementation (Cr), surgical overload (O), or overload plus creatine (OCr). Creatine alone had no effect on muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) or heat shock protein (HSP70) and increased myonuclear domain (MND) only in young rats. Overload increased CSA and HSP70 content in I and IIA fibers, regardless of age, and MND in IIA fibers of YO rats. CSA and MND increased in all fast fibers of YOCr, and CSA increased in I and IIA fibers of AOCr. OCR did not alter HSP70, regardless of age. MND did not change in aging rats, regardless of treatment. These data indicate creatine alone had no significant effect. Creatine with overload produced no additional hypertrophy relative to overload alone and attenuated overload-induced HSP70 expression.

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezine zehirlenme nedeniyle getirilen erken çocukluk yaş grubundaki (1-4 yaş) olguların değerlendirilmesi ve elde edilen bulguların koruyucu önlemlerin alınmasında yol gösterici olması amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: 01 Ağustos 2010 – 31 Temmuz 2015 tarihleri arasındaki beş yıllık süre içerisinde zehirlenme nedeniyle Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezine getirilen 1-4 yaş aralığındaki 761 çocuk çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.Kesitsel nitelikteki bu çalışmada elde edilen veriler SPSS istatistik programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Olguların 413 (%54,3)’ü erkek, 348 (%45,7)’i kadındır. En fazla olgu; Temmuz (%11,8) ve Mayıs (%11,6) ayında, Pazartesi günleri (%18,3) ve saat 16.00–23.59 arasında başvurmuştur. Çocuklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde en çok ilaç (%48,3) ile zehirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Erken çocukluk yaş grubunda ev içinde meydana gelebilecek zehirlenmelere karşı ebeveynlere ya da çocuğa bakım verenlere yönelik yapılacak eğitim çalışmaları oldukça önemlidir. Bunun yanı sıra hastaların zehire daha kısa süre maruz kalması açısından acil servislerde insan gücü planlaması başvuru zamanları gözetilerek düzenlenmelidir.Anahtar Kelimeler: çocukluk çağı; zehirlenme; kaza; acil servis; önleme

SUMMARYThe objectives of this work were (i) geographical analysis of the 2012–2014 outbreak of rabies in Greece using GIS and (ii) comparative analysis of animal cases with data of potential human exposure to rabies together with environmental data, in order to provide information for risk assessment, effective monitoring and control. Most animal cases (40/48) involved red foxes, while domestic animals were also diagnosed with rabies. Overall, 80% of the cases were diagnosed in central northern Greece; 75% of the cases were diagnosed in low altitudes (<343·5 m), within a distance of 1 km from human settlements. Median distance from livestock farms was 201·25 m. Most people potentially exposed to rabies (889/1060) presented with dog bite injuries. Maximum entropy analysis revealed that distance from farms contributed the highest percentage in defining environmental niche profiles for rabid foxes. Oral vaccination programmes were implemented in 24 administrative units of the country during 2013 and 2014, covering a total surface area of ~60 000 km2. Rabies re-occurrence in Greece emphasizes the need for ongoing surveillance in cross-border areas and in areas with intense human activity.

IntroductionTed Sider aptly and concisely states the self-visitation paradox thus: ‘Suppose I travel back in time and stand in a room with my sitting 10-year-old self. I seem to be both sitting and standing, but how can that be?’ (2001, 101). I will explore a relativist resolution of this paradox offered by, or on behalf of, endurantists. It maintains that the sitting and the standing are relative to the personal time or proper time of the time traveler and is intended to yield the result that Ted is sitting at a certain initial personal/proper time but is not standing relative to that time. Similarly, it is also supposed to yield that Ted is standing relative to a later personal/proper time, but not sitting relative to that time. Such a traveler-time relativism has been offered by Paul Horwich (1975, 433-5; 1987, 114-15) and also by Simon Keller and Michael Nelson (2001, 344). I will show that this relativist approach is a non-starter. It is so because Ted is sitting and standing at both the initial and the later personal/proper time.

Rad se zasniva na istraživanju sudske prakse i može da posluži kao svojevrsni priručnik sudijama i tužiocima pri odlučivanju o troškovima krivičnog postupka. U njemu bi trebalo naći odgovor za gotovo svaku situaciju u toj materiji. Zasniva se na analizi 300 odluka Vrhovnog kasacionog suda (period od 2010. do 2022.), 40 odluka Osnovnog suda u Novom Sadu (2021. i 2022.); dve odluke Ustavnog suda; 21 skup izvora - odgovori na sporna pitanja Vrhovnog kasacionog suda (2014.), stavovi krivičnog odeljenja VKS (2016. do 2019.), stavovi građanskog odeljenja VKS (2016.), bilteni VKS i VSS (2007., 2008., 2018., 2019. i 2021.), zbirni izveštaji Apelacionog javnog tužilaštva u Novom Sadu (2014. i 2015.), pravna shvatanja Prekršajnog apelacionog suda (2018. i 2019.); devet sentenci i zaključaka VKS (2013. do 2020.) i relevantne udžbeničke i komentatorske literature.