Journal articles on the topic '2007 i-464'

SCIS & ISIS is a biennial international joint conference in the field of soft computing and intelligent systems, including branches of researches from fuzzy systems, neural networks, evolutionary computation, multi-agent systems, artificial intelligence or robotics. SCIS & ISIS 2006 falls on the 3rd International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS) and the 7th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (ISIS) held at Tokyo Institute of Technology, in Tokyo, Japan, on September 20-24, 2006. In this conference, 464 original papers were accepted for presentation and the number of attendees was 526. After preliminary selection and review made by the session chairs and the International Program Committees of SCIS & ISIS 2006, we have selected more than 50 papers to be published in extended form in the Special Issue of the Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics. The accepted papers are published as the special issues in Vol.11, No.6, 7, and 8 in 2007. This current issue presents 23 papers and covers most of the topics of the conference including fuzzy theories, self-organizing maps, and the optimization of neural networks. The learning and search methods in computational intelligence and real-world applications to image processing, robotics and manufacturing systems are highlighted in this current issue. I would like to thank all the authors and reviewers for their contribution to make this special issue possible. I am also grateful to Prof. Toshio Fukuda, Nagoya University and Prof. Kaoru Hirota, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Editors-in-chief, for inviting me to serve as Guest Editor of this Journal.

This third special issue on papers from SCIS&ISIS 2006 draws its contents from a highly successful conference attracting 526 participants from 31 countries and 464 original papers, including 297 in 60 organized sessions. The invaluable contributions by the session organizers made this conference attractive and worthwhile in soft computing and advanced intelligent systems research. Having chaired the conference's organized session committee, I wish to express my gratitude for their assistance. Some 42 selected papers have already been published in Volumes 1 and 2 of this special issue (Vol.11, Nos.6 and 7). The present volume introduces 22 papers from organized sessions in extended form after preliminary selection and review by session organizers, chairs, and international SCIS&ISIS 2006 program committees. These papers cover fields related to intelligent systems, ranging from theoretical to practical issues such as self-organizing maps, neural networks, fuzzy clustering, fuzzy control, intelligent robots, secure smart spaces, data mining, and intelligent communication systems. The guest editors believe that readers will be inspired by these highly interesting papers, which contain clues to exploring new and seminal ideas for that next step in research. I thank all of the authors and reviewers for the time and effort they put into this special issue. I am grateful to Prof. Toshio Fukuda of Nagoya University and to Prof. Kaoru Hirota of the Tokyo Institute of Technology for the opportunity to take part in this work.

As mentioned in the editorial for the special issue on selected papers from SCIS & ISIS 2006 (No.1) by Dr. Naoyuki Kubota, the 3rd International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS) and the 7th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (ISIS) have been highly successful with 464 original papers accepted for presentation and participants numbering 526. We have selected approximately 50 quality papers to be published in extended form in the Special Issue of the Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, following publication of the first volume (Vol.11, No.6) comprising 23 papers. This second volume of the SCIS & ISIS 2006 special issue includes 19 papers covering the cutting edge of computational intelligence, and the guest editors believe that readers will be inspired by the highly interesting contents containing clues to the new frontier of the computational intelligence. linebreak Related areas include image processing, control, sensor fusion, data/context/ network analysis, genetic algorithms, ontology, VHDL, game theory, and robotics among others.smallskip I would like to thank all the authors and reviewers for their valuable contributions in making this volume possible. I am also grateful to Editors-in-Chief Prof. Toshio Fukuda of Nagoya University and Prof. Kaoru Hirota of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Dr. Toshiaki Murofushi who served as general chair of SICS & ISIS 2006, Dr. Naoyuki Kubota who was the SCIS & ISIS 2006 program chair, and the SCIS & ISIS 2006 conference staff for inviting me to serve as Guest Editor of this Journal. Last, I would like to thank the Fuji Technology Press staff, especially Dr. Kazuki Ohmori.

التراث والمنهج بين أركون والجابري، نايلة أبي نادر، بيروت: الشبكة العربية للأبحاث والنشر، 2008م، 590 صفحة. ما بعد الاستشراق: الغزو الأمريكي للعراق وعودة الكولونياليات البيضاء، فاضل الربيعي، بيروت: مركز دراسات الوحدة العربية، 2007م، 293 صفحة. الإسلام والإصلاح الثقافي، زكي الميلاد، القطيف: دار أطياف للنشر والتوزيع، 2007م، 175 صفحة. تحليل النظريات الاقتصادية، بول كروغمان، ترجمة: رانيا محمد عبد اللطيف، القاهرة: الدار الدولية للاستثمارات الثقافية، 2007م، 270 صفحة. الانتماء الحضاري والهوية الثقافية في ضوء عروبة القرآن - الإسلام العربي .. معالم في طريق الوحدة والتعايش والاعتدال لتدبّر القرآن وفهمه بلسانٍ عربيٍ مبين، علاء الدين المدرس، العراق: دار الرقيم، 2008م، 191 صفحة. الماضوية - الخلل الحضاري في علاقة المسلمين بالإسلام، سامر خير أحمد، عمان: دار البيروني للنشر والتوزيع، 2008م، 166 صفحة. القرآن الكريم في دراسات المستشرقين (دراسة في تاريخ القرآن: نزوله وتدوينه وجمعه)، مشتاق بشير الغزالي، بيروت: دار النفائس، 2008م، 200 صفحة. النظم الإسلامية، عبد العزيز الدوري، بيروت: مركز دراسات الوحدة العربية، سلسلة الأعمال الكاملة للدكتور عبد العزيز الدوري، العدد 6، 2008م، 223 صفحة. تطور الفكر السياسي السُّني: نحو خلافة ديمقراطية، أحمد الكاتب، بيروت: مؤسسة الانتشار العربي، 2008م، 307 صفحة. ما بين دولة الطوائف والدولة الديمقراطية: إشكاليات وتوجهات- تراثنا الفكري: بين الرؤية السّلفية والتّنوير المعرفي، مجموعة مؤلفين، بيروت: دار الفارابي، 2008م، 269 صفحة. الرحمانية ديمقراطية القرآن، محمد سلمان غانم، بيروت: دار الفارابي، 2008م، 245 صفحة. الأصول الاجتماعية للدكتاتورية والديمقراطية: اللورد والفلاح في صنع العالم الحديث، بارينجتون مور، ترجمة أحمد محمود، بيروت: المنظمة العربية للترجمة، 2008م، 639 صفحة. Islam and the Orientalist World-System (Political Econo-my of the World-System Annuals), Khaldoun Samman (Editor), Mazhar Al-Zo'by (Editor), Paradigm Publishers (September 30, 2008), 248 pages. Challenging the New Orientalism: Dissenting Essays on the "War Against Islam", M.Shahid Alam, Islamic Publications In-ternational (January 1, 2007), 272 pages. Defending the West: A Critique of Edward Said's Orien-talism, Ibn Warraq, Prometheus Books (October 23, 2007), 500 pages. Islam in the British Broadsheets: The Impact of Oriental-ism on Representations of Islam in the British Press, Elzain El-gamri, Ithaca Press (15 Sep 2008), 240 pages. American Orientalism: The United States and the Middle East since 1945, Douglas Little, The University of North Carolina Press (March 3, 2008), 464 pages. German Orientalism: The Study of the Middle East and Is-lam from 1800 to 1945 (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East), Ursula Wokoec, Routledge; 1 edition (May 31, 2009), 320pages. Reading Orientalism: Said and the Unsaid, Daniel Martin Varisco, Daniel Martin Varisco, University of Washington Press, November 2007, 501 pages. Muslim American Youth: Understanding Hyphenated Identities through Multiple Methods (Qualitative Studies in Psy-chology), Selcuk Sirin, Michelle Fine, NYU Press (July 12, 2008), 304 pages. Marching Toward Hell: America and Islam After Iraq, Michael Scheuer, Free Press (February 10, 2009), 384 pages. European Perceptions of Islam and America from Saladin to George W. Bush: Europe's Fragile Ego Uncovered, Peter O'Bri-en, Palgrave Macmillan (December 23, 2008), 240 pages. Islam: To Reform or to Subvert?, Mohammed Arkoun, Saqi Books (January 1, 2007), 326 pages. Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari`a, Abd Allah Naim, Abdullahi Ahmed An-Naim, Triliteral, March 2008, 336 pages. The Fall and Rise of the Islamic State, Noah Feldman, Princeton University Press, March 2008, 189 pages. A Deadly Misunderstanding: A Congressman's Quest to Bridge the Muslim-Christian Divide, Mark D. Siljander, Harper-Collins Publishers, October 2008, 260pp. Islamism in the Shadow of al-Qaeda, François Burgat (Author), Patrick Hutchinson (Translator), University of Texas Press (November 1, 2008), 212 pages. Islam, the People and the State: Political Ideas and Movements in the Middle East, Sami Zubaida, I. B. Tauris; Revised and Updated edition (March 17, 2009), 224 pages. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

Introduction: advanced age and concomitant procedures could increase the risk of perioperative complications during surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). We aimed to evaluate results of elderly patients undergoing SAVR and evaluate the impact of concomitant non-valvular, non-coronary procedures on the outcomes. Methods: A retrospective single-centre study, evaluating 464 elderly patients (mean age = 75.6 ± 4 years) undergoing either isolated-SAVR (I-SAVR = 211) or combined-SAVR (C-SAVR = 253) between 01/2007 and 12/2017. Combined-SAVR involved non-valvular, non-coronary procedures. Study endpoints are postoperative results concerning the VARC-II criteria, valve dysfunction, long-term freedom from redo-AVR and survival. Results: males were 52.8%. Patients had an intermediate risk profile (mean EuroSCORE-II (%) 5.2 ± 5). Postoperative results reported no significant differences in incidence of re-exploration for bleeding (6.6% vs. 6.7%, p = 1.0), stroke (0.9% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.59), dialysis (6.2% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.23) and pacemaker implantation (3.3% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.79) between I-SAVR and C-SAVR groups. Thirty-day (2.4% vs. 7.1% p = 0.03), one-year (5.7% vs. 13.8%, p = 0.003) and overall mortality (24.6% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.002) were lower in the isolated-SAVR group. Re-AVR was indicated in 1.7% of patients due to endocarditis. Conclusions: SAVR in elderly patients offers good outcomes with increased life quality and rare re-operation for structural valvular deterioration. Mortality rates were significantly higher when SAVR was combined with another “non-valvular, non-coronary” procedure.

RESUMEN:En este artículo, procedemos a estudiar el traspaso familiar del oficio manufacturero,concretamente el de la platería, a través de tres generaciones de la familia Gálvez a lo largo de la centuria dieciochesca. Para ello, hemos esbozado la situación actual de la historia de la familia con respecto a su interés sobre los sectores artesanales para posteriormente adentrarnos, tras unos datos concretos del linaje, en los talleres y su evolución de forma conjunta con las trayectorias vitales de los individuos, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de las relaciones entre los consanguíneos para el progreso laboral.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antequera, siglos XVIII, familia, artesanos, platerosABSTRACT:In this paper, I study the family transfer of the manufacturing trade, specifically that of silversmiths, through three generations of the Gálvez family throughout the 18th century. 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The debate about diagnoses and treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in children continue to range on between the developmental and biological perspectives. While there is increasing evidence that support the biological susceptibility of the disorder, a number of researches also emphasized the significant effect of environment on the syndrome. This study used developmental perspectives to evaluate and bring together various bio-psychosocial factors that impact on children diagnosed with ADHD. The study explored and integrated the existing and advancing study on ADHD to a more refined pattern that embraced developmental perspectives. The study also discussed how the linkage in childhood ADHD fits within the developmental psychopathology perspective. 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Abstract Background. Although Hodgkin lymphoma is a highly curable malignancy, about 15% and 30% of patients with respectively localized or disseminated disease do not respond or relapse after initial treatment. Several scoring systems using conventional biological and clinical parameters have been developed for limited and advanced stages in order to adapt the therapeutic strategy. However, the identification of patients with adverse outcome needs to be improved. Cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma. Several studies have shown that plasma cytokine dosage at diagnosis has prognostic relevance. Various cytokine genes variants are known to influence cytokine productions and have been associated with lymphoma outcomes. We then evaluated the influence of cytokine gene polymorphisms on response to treatment and outcome in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Methods. Between 1998 and 2002, we prospectively investigated the prognostic role of plasma cytokines and soluble receptors in Hodgkin lymphoma patients (Casasnovas et al. JCO 2007). A sample was collected at diagnosis specifically to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes. Ten SNPs that could be functionally important in seven genes (IL10, TNF-alpha, IL6, IL1B, IL1RN, INF-gamma, CCL17) were studied. DNA was extracted from venous blood samples. All genotyping experiments were performed in duplicate using Taqman technology (ABI Prism 7000, Applied Biosystems): IL10 rs1800890 (−3584>A), 448 pts; IL10 rs1800896 (−1116A>G), 459 pts; IL10 rs1800871 (−853C>T), 446 pts; IL10 rs1800872 (−626C>A), 447 pts; TNFalpha rs1800629 (−487G>A), 464 pts; IL6 rs1800795 (−236G>C), 201 pts; IL1B rs16944 (−1060T>C), 198 pts; ILRNrs419598 (Ex5–35T>C), 199 pts; INF-gamma rs2430561 (+874A>T), 200 pts; CCL17rs223828 (−431T>C), 198 pts. We estimated the prognostic value of each individual SNP and the IL10 haplotype for response to treatment, relapse and overall survival (OS). Results. The median age of the 464 patients studied was 32 years (range, 15–93); 263 (57%) were male. At diagnosis, 335 patients (72%) were in Ann Arbor stage I–II and 206 (44%) presented with B symptoms. Histology was nodular sclerosis in 384 patients (84%). Treatment consisted of 4 to 6 courses of anthracycline-based chemotherapy (CT) followed by involved-field radiotherapy for stages I–II and 8 courses of anthracycline-based CT for stages III–IV. Complete response (CR) and uncertain CR (uCR) were observed in 417 patients (90%), partial response in 15 (3%) and stable and progressive disease in 32 (7%). Relapse occurred in 71 patients (15%) and 35 patients (8%) died, 24 of whom (5%) of Hodgkin lymphoma. After a median follow-up of 3.6 years months, the 4-year progression free survival (PFS) and OS were 83.4% and 93.6%, respectively. Regarding treatment response, only the IL10-1082AA genotype was associated with a better CR + uCR than other IL10 genotypes (95% vs. 88% p=0.02). Neither individual SNPs or IL10 haplotype influenced OS and PFS. Conclusions. In this large series of Hodgkin lymphoma patients with particularly favorable outcome, the IL10-1082AA genotype was associated with better response to initial treatment. These data indicate that some genes associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma outcome do not predict Hodgkin lymphoma outcome and that other target need to be analyzed to decipher the putative role of host’s immunogenetic background in this disease.

The politics of Italian national identity. Edited by Gino Bedani and Bruce Haddock. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000. Pp. vii+296. ISBN 0-7083-1622-0. £40.00.Fascist modernities: Italy, 1922–1945. By Ruth Ben-Ghiat. Berkeley, University of California Press, 2001. Pp. x+317. ISBN 0-520-22363-2. £28.50.Le spie del regime. By Mauro Canali. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2004. Pp. 863. ISBN 88-15-09801-1. €70.00.I campi del Duce: l'internamento civile nell'Italia fascista (1940–1943). By Carlo Spartaco Capogreco. Turin: Einaudi, 2004. Pp. xi+319. ISBN 88-06-16781-2. €16.00.The American South and the Italian Mezzogiorno: essays in comparative history. Edited by Enrico Dal Lago and Rick Halpern. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. 256. ISBN 0-333-73971-X. £28.50.Disastro! Disasters in Italy since 1860: culture, politics, society. Edited by John Dickie, John Foot, and Frank M. Snowden, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. ix+342. ISBN 0-312-23960-2. £32.50.Remaking Italy in the twentieth century. By Roy Palmer Domenico. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002. Pp. xiv+181. ISBN 0-8476-9637-5. £16.95.Twentieth century Italy: a social history. By Jonathan Dunnage. Harlow: Pearson, 2002. Pp. xi+271. ISBN 0-582-29278-6. £16.99.Milan since the miracle: city, culture and identity. By John Foot. Oxford: Berg, 2001. Pp. xiv+240. ISBN 1-85973-550-9. £14.99.Squadristi: protagonisti e tecniche della violenza fascista, 1919–1922. By Mimmo Franzinelli. Milan: Mondadori, 2003. Pp. 464. ISBN 88-04-51233-4. €19.00.For love and country: the Italian Resistance. By Patrick Gallo. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2003. Pp. viii+362. ISBN 0-7618-2496-0. $55.00.The struggle for modernity: nationalism, futurism and Fascism. By Emilio Gentile. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Pp. xix+203. ISBN 0-275-97692-0. $69.95.Italy and its discontents. By Paul Ginsborg. Harmondsworth: Allen Lane, 2001. Pp. xv+521. ISBN 0-713-99537-8. £25.00.Silvio Berlusconi: television, power and patrimony. By Paul Ginsborg. London: Verso, 2004. Pp. xvi+189. ISBN 1-84467-000-7. £16.00.Fascists. By Michael Mann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. x+429. ISBN 0-521-53855-6. £15.99.Mussolini: the last 600 days of Il Duce. By Ray Moseley. Dallas: Taylor Trade publishing, 2004. Pp. vii+432. ISBN 1-58979-095-2. $34.95.Lo stato fascista e la sua classe politica, 1922–1943. By Didier Musiedlak. Bologna: Il Mulino, 2001. Pp. 585. ISBN 88-15-09381-8. €32.00.Italy's social revolution: charity and welfare from Liberalism to Fascism. By Maria Sophia Quine. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. xv+429. ISBN 0-333-63261-3. £55.00.La seduzione totalitaria: guerra, modernità, violenza politica (1914–1918). By Angelo Ventrone. Rome: Donzelli, 2003. Pp. xvi+288. ISBN 88-7989-840-X. €24.00.With its winning of an American Academy Award, the film Life is beautiful (1997), brought its director and leading actor, Roberto Benigni, global fame. Benigni's zaniness and self-mockery seemed to embody everything that has convinced foreigners that Italians are, above all, brava gente (nice people). Sometimes, this conclusion can have a supercilious air – niceness can easily be reduced to levity or fecklessness. In those university courses that seek to comprehend the terrible tragedies of twentieth-century Europe, Italians seldom play a leading role. German, Russian, Polish, Yugoslav, and even British and French history are each riven with death and disaster or, alternatively, with heroism and achievement. In such austere company, brava gente can seem out of place.

The results of evaluation of powdery mildew resistance in winter barley varieties in 285 Czech Official Trials conducted at 20 locations were analysed. Over the period, the number of varieties tested per year increased from four to seven in 1976−1985 to 53−61 in 2002−2005. To assess the resistance of varieties, only trials with sufficient disease severity were used. In 1976−2000, six varieties (1.7% of the varieties tested in the given years) ranked among resistant (average resistance of a variety in a year > 7.5) including NR-468 possessing the gene <i>Mla13</i>, KM-2099 with <i>mlo</i> and Marinka with the genes <i>Mla7</i>, <i>MlaMu2</i>. In 2001−2005, already 33 varieties (16.9%) ranked among resistant, of which Traminer possessing the genes <i>Ml(St)</i> and <i>Ml(IM9 </i> dominated. The proportion of susceptible varieties (average resistance ≤ 5.5) did not change in the two mentioned periods. Two-rowed varieties began to be tested as late as in 1990 (the first variety was Danilo), however, no difference was found in the resistance of two- and six-rowed varieties. Using an example of two pairs of varieties (Dura-Miraj and Marinka-Tiffany) with identical genes for specific resistance but with different resistance in the field, the efficiency of non-specific resistance is discussed. The resistance of domestic and foreign varieties was similar in 1994−2000; however, in 2001−2005 the difference was 0.75 point to disadvantage of domestic ones.

Alan S. Milward, The Rise and Fall of a National Strategy 1945–1963 (The United Kingdom and The European Community, Vol. I) (London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2002), 512 pp., £65.00 (hb), ISBN 0-7146-5111-7.Alex May, ed., Britain, the Commonwealth and Europe: The Commonwealth and Britain's Applications to Join the European Communities (Houndsmill and New York: Palgrave, 2001), 188 pp., £55.00 (hb), ISBN 0-333-80013-3.Oliver J. Daddow, ed., Harold Wilson and European Integration. Britain's Second Application to Join the EEC (London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2003), 298 pp., £45.00 (hb), ISBN 0-7146-5222-9, £17.50 (pb), ISBN 0-7146-8207-1.Sir Con O'Neill, Britain's Entry into the European Community. Report by Sir Con O'Neill on the Negotiations of 1970–1972, ed. and with a foreword by Sir David Hannay (London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2000), 464 pp., £55.00 (hb), ISBN 0-7146-5117-6.

Ключові слова: «Варшавська угода», «Союз Пілсудський–Петлюра», УНР, Симон Петлюра,Юзеф Пілсудський, «Київський похід». У статті проаналізовано передумови, процес і результати Варшавської угоди 1920 р. між Польщею іУНР, яка в польській історіографії названа «Союзом Пілсудський–Петлюра». Розкрито також зміствійськової конвенції, була підписана 24 квітня 1920 року і стала додатком до самого договору і являла собоютаємну угоду про надання військової та економічної допомоги УНР у спільній війні з Радянською Росією.Продовженням згаданих угод став фінансовий польсько-український договір від 9 серпня 1920 р. Польськавлада виконувала союзницькі обов’язки перед Україною й на міжнародній арені.Правове, політичне, фінансове і дипломатичне забезпечення Варшавського договору, названого пізніше«Союзом Пілсудський–Петлюра», відбувалося майже одночасно зі спільним антибільшовицьким походом наКиїв, який розпочався 25 квітня 1920 р.Отже, відносини між Польщею і УНР у 20-х роках ХХ ст. еволюціонували від взаємного протистояннядо співпраці. Серед найважливіших актів цього періоду слід назвати Варшавську угоду, військову конвенцію іспільний польсько-український похід на Київ. Так, були закладені традиції польсько-української співпраці, якізнайшли своє продовження в майбутньому. Посилання Vynnychenko, 1990 – Vynnychenko V. Vidrodzhennia natsii [Rebirth of the nation]. (Istoriia ukrainskoi revoliutsii[marets 1917 r. – hruden 1919 r.]). Chastyna III. Repryntne vidtvorennia vydannia 1920 roku. K., 1990. 542 s. [inUkrainian].Hud, 2006 – Hud B. Zahybel Arkadii. 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Abstract Ungfors, A., McKeown, N. J., Shaw, P. W., and André, C. 2009. Lack of spatial genetic variation in the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the Kattegat–Skagerrak area. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 462–469. The stock structure of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus L.) in the Kattegat and Skagerrak was investigated using eight microsatellite DNA loci. Replicate samples, collected 4–6 years apart, were derived from the Kattegat (Grove Bank, 57°N) and the Skagerrak (Lunneviken, 59°N), plus a geographical outgroup sample from the Norwegian Sea (Midsund, 62°N). Genetic differentiation among samples, estimated as global FST = 0.002, was significant (p = 0.03) when the statistical test was based on allele frequencies, but not when based on genotype frequencies. Moreover, all single- and multilocus pairwise tests between samples were non-significant. An analysis of molecular variance, AMOVA, did not reveal significant differentiation between spatial (Kattegat vs. Skagerrak) or temporal (2001/2002 vs. 2006/2007) groups of samples. Power analysis suggested that the loci and sample sizes employed conferred a power of >90% of detecting even low (true FST = 0.002) levels of population structure. Low spatial and temporal genetic structure might be explained by either or both of (i) high levels of contemporary gene flow in the area attributable to adult migration or larval dispersal or both factors taken together, and (ii) patterns of historical gene flow persisting among recently founded large populations.

El objeto de este trabajo es el estudio del simbolismo de las aves en el ámbito tartésico y fenicio-púnico en la península ibérica durante el Bronce Final y el Hierro I. Se han recogido y analizado aquellas piezas con representaciones de aves, así como los restos orgánicos de éstas, si bien esto último no ha dado muchos frutos debido a las dificultades que existen tanto para su conservación como para la posterior identificación de especies. En total se han podido determinar ánades, gallos, palomas, flamencos, cisnes, lechuzas y halcones, todas ellas representadas en el Mediterráneo oriental y cuya iconografía se vincula al mundo funerario, al tránsito al Más Allá y a las divinidades. Gran parte de esa iconografía llegó a la península de mano de los fenicios, si bien su acogida y aceptación entre la población local fue variable. Palabras clave: aves, simbolismo, tartesios, fenicios, púnicosTopónimos: península ibéricaPeriodo: Hierro I. ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to study the symbolism of birds in Tartessian and Phoenician-Punic cultures within the Iberian Peninsula during the late Bronze and early Iron Age. To this end, items with any sort of symbolism connected with birds have been analysed. Organic remains have also been examined, although the latter did not make a relevant contribution to the study due to problems of conservation of the organic remains and subsequent identification of species. I have identified ducks, roosters, pigeons, flamingos, swans, owls and hawks, all located around the East Mediterranean basin and related to funerary contexts, the journey to the hereafter and deities. Most of this iconography reached the Iberian Peninsula via Phoenician culture, albeit its acceptance among the local population varied. Keywords: birds, symbolism, Tartesian, Phoenicians, PunicPlace names: Iberian PeninsulaPeriod: Iron Age REFERENCIASAlmagro Gorbea, M. J. 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Recenzja publikacji: B. Grochali Od Zielonego Balonika do Ani Mru Mru – kabaretowa tradycja i nowoczesność. Aspekty językowe, [w:] Tradycja a nowoczesność. Materiały z konferencji 14-16 maja 2007 roku, Łódź 2008, s. 469-478

Wyniki pochodzą z dwóch serii badań polowych przeprowadzonych w Rolniczej Stacji Doświadczalnej Zawady należącej do Akademii Podlaskiej w Siedlcach. Doświadczenia założono w układzie split-plot w trzech powtórzeniach. W latach 1999–2001 czynnikami doświadczenia były: I rzędu — sposoby odchwaszczania: 1. obiekt kontrolny — pielęgnacja mechaniczna; 2. pielęgnacja mechaniczna + Sencor 70 WG + Fusilade Super 125 EC; 3. pielęgnacja mechaniczna + Sencor 70 WG + Fusilade Super 125 EC + adiuwant Olbras 88 EC. Czynnik II rzędu — odmiany ziemniaka: Ania, Baszta i Rywal. Natomiast w latach 2002–2004 badanymi czynnikami były: I rzędu — systemy uprawy (uprawa tradycyjna i uprawa uproszczona); II rzędu — sposoby odchwaszczania: 1. obiekt kontrolny — pielęgnacja mechaniczna; 2. pielęgnacja mechaniczna + Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC; 3. pielęgnacja mechaniczna + Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + adiuwant Atpolan 80 EC. Celem badań było określenie wpływu adiuwantów na ograniczenie zachwaszczenia w uprawie ziemniaka. Najbardziej efektywne w ograniczaniu zachwaszczenia zarówno w pierwszej, jak i w drugiej serii badań, okazały się warianty: 2., gdzie zastosowano mieszanki herbicydów: Sencor 70 WG + Fusilade Super 125 EC (seria pierwsza) oraz Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC (seria druga) i wariant 3., gdzie zastosowano mieszanki herbicydów z dodatkiem adiuwanta: Sencor 70 WG + Fusilade Super 125 EC + Olbras 88 EC (seria pierwsza) oraz Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + Atpolan 80EC (seria druga).

Streszczenie W latach 2001-2010 produkcja oraz liczba funkcjonujących kopalń węgla kamiennego w polskim gór­nictwie węgla kamiennego uległa znacznemu zmniejszeniu. Wydobycie węgla ze 102,78 · 106 Mg ograniczono do 76,15 · 106 Mg. Eksploatacja pokładów realizowana w 43 zakładach górniczych w roku 2001, na skutek likwidacji oraz połączenia kopalń, w roku 2010 dotyczyła 29 kopalń. Liczba 30 kopalń metanowych w roku 2001, w których wydobywano węgiel na poziomie 72,37 · 106 Mg, wroku2010 wynosiła21 kopalń, produkujących 52,18 · 106Mg węgla. Pomimo spadku produkcji węgla oraz malejącej liczby kopalń w Polsce wentylacyjna emisja metanu z pro­cesów eksploatacji węgla kopalń metanowych od roku 2001 wzrosła o około 50 m3/Mg. W miarę upływu lat, wysiłki na rzecz odmetanowania niosą jednak pozytywny skutek. Pomimo wzrostu „strat" metanu w procesie odmetanowania, z roku na rok zwiększa się ilość metanu ujętego systemami odmetanowania. Z rozeznania i przeglądu literaturowego dotyczącego zagadnień związanych z emisją metanu w Polsce wynika, że w 2009 roku opublikowano Raport Krajowej Inwentaryzacji Emisji i Pochłaniania gazów ciep­larnianych za rok 2007. Z Raportu Krajowej Inwentaryzacji... wynika, że brak jest danych szczegółowych dotyczących wskaźników emisji metanu z kopalń węgla kamiennego dla polskiego górnictwa. W związku z tym, przygotowano i obliczono szczegółowo emisje metanu z kopalń metanowych w Polsce. Zastosowana metodyka szacowania metanu wykonana została dla dwóch podstawowych źródeł jego emisji. Obliczono emisję metanu w trakcie procesu eksploatacji węgla jako emisję wentylacyjną oraz emisję z układów odgazowania. Takie podejście wynikało z wytycznych IPCC z roku 2006. Aktualizacja proponowanych metod IPCC (2006) szacowania emisji metanu z układów wentylacyjnych i z układów odmetanowania kopalń węgla kamiennego (czynnych i zlikwidowanych) w Polsce polega na za­łożeniu, że wskaźnik emisji metanu (EF) obliczamy, opierając się na wydobyciu z koplań metanowych oraz rzeczywistych wielkościach metanowości bezwzględnej. Rezultat modyfikacji metody szacowania emisji metanu z procesów górniczych dla polskich metanowych koplań węgla kamiennego to równanie wskaźnika emisji metanu. W górnictwie polskim, od roku 2008 średni wskaźnik emisji z systemu węgla kamiennego utrzymuje się na stałym poziomie około 10 m3 C^/Mg. Uzyskane wyniki obliczeń emisji metanu w całym analizowanym okresie lat 2001-2010, mieszczą się w granicach 402-462 Gg (śr. 441,45 Gg).

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Статья посвящена анализу малоизученной категории женского погребального инвентаря в могильниках мазунинского типа чегандинской культуры пьяноборской культурно-исторической общности (или мазунинской культуры, по Т.И. Останиной) – предметам кольчужного плетения. Данные изделия являются примером вторичного использования и творческого переосмысления элементов защитной экипировки воинов – кольчужных доспехов lorica hamata. Обнаружены в 97 погребальных комплексах, происходящих из 12 мазунинских могильников. Антропологические данные и сопутствующий погребальный инвентарь свидетельствуют об использовании данной категории вещей исключительно женским полом. В погребениях размещались согласно традициям мазунинского погребального обряда: найдены такие предметы в жертвенных комплексах или в составе костюма. Основное использование кольчужных изделий в женском уборе связано с накосными и нагрудными украшениями. Доступные для изучения фрагменты кольчуг из женских погребений заметно уступают по своим характеристикам целым кольчужным рубашкам мазунинских и азелинских воинов с импортным оружием. Основной массив рассматриваемых находок происходит из закрытых комплексов, которые датируются IV в. н.э. (возможно, 2-й четвертью IV – началом V в.). Близкие аналогии в использовании фрагментов кольчуг прослеживаются в германском мире. Библиографические ссылки Амброз А.К. Фибулы Юга Европейской части СССР. III в. до н. э. – IV в. н. э. / САИ. Вып. Д1-30. М.: Наука, 1966. 142 с. Арматынская О.В. Усть-Сарапульский могильник // Приуралье в древности и средние века / Отв. ред. А.А. Тронин. Устинов: Удмуртский университет, 1986. С. 26–46. Бернц В.А. 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Parental Involvement in their children's schooling has long been recognized as a critical component of good education. This study aims to find out the relationship between socioeconomic status, interpersonal communication, and school climate with parental involvement in early childhood education. Using survey and correlational research design, data collection was carried out through accumulation techniques with tests and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used statistical analysis and multiple regressions. The findings in the socio-economic context of parents show that the measure of power is an indicator in the very high category with a total score of 5, while the measures of wealth, honour and knowledge are included in the high category with a total score of 4 in relation to parental involvement. The form of interpersonal communication, the openness of parents in responding happily to information / news received from schools about children is a finding of a significant relationship with parental involvement in early childhood education. The school climate describes the responsibility for their respective duties and roles, work support provided, and interpersonal communication relationships, parents at home and teachers at school. Keywords: Socio-economic Status, Interpersonal Communication, Climate School, Parental Involvement, Early Childhood Education References Amato, P. R. (2005). The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation. The Future of Children, 15(2), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2005.0012 Arnold, D. H., Zeljo, A., Doctoroff, G. L., & Ortiz, C. (2008). Parent Involvement in Preschool: Predictors and the Relation of Involvement to Preliteracy Development. 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Artykuł jest próbą przyjrzenia się Partii Kobiet założonej przez pisarkę i publicystkę, Manuelę Gretkowską w 2007 z perspektywy żenującego kobiecego performansu – wystąpienia jednocześnie emancypacyjnego i budzącego konsternację wśród jego odbiorców. Przedstawiono moment powstania partii i przeanalizowano warunki społeczno-polityczne jej zaistnienia oraz trudności, które od początku napotykały działaczki organizacji. Omówiono też reakcje medialne towarzyszące tworzeniu i działalności Partii Kobiet. Autorka stawia tezę, że porażka wyborcza, jaką ostatecznie poniosła inicjatywa Manueli Gretkowskiej, związana była z dążeniem do wygaszenia żenującego performansu i pójściem na daleko idące kompromisy światopoglądowe. Dowodzi, że w przypadku Partii Kobiet ważniejszy niż program polityczny był imperatyw działania, który miał pchnąć kobiety do upolitycznienia swoich potrzeb.

e13567 Background: Breast cancer in Brazil is the most common cancer among women and is also responsible for the highest number of cancer deaths in this group. For Brazil, 66,280 new cases of breast cancer are estimated for the year 2020. This corresponds to an estimated risk of 61.61 new cases per 100 thousand women. For Espírito Santo, the estimate is 790 new cases.. Affection in women under the age of 40 is still infrequent, but it has been growing in the country with more aggressive and advanced cancer at diagnoses. It happens that in Brazil, with the publication of Ordinance 61/2015 by the Ministry of Health, the procedure became exclusive to women aged 50 to 69 years, contrary to what Federal Law 11.664 / 2008 requires, which determines the right mammography exam for all women over 40 years of age. In other words, asymptomatic women who are under 50 or over 70 years of age cannot take the exam on the public network. Methods: The data presented in this study correspond to patients diagnosed with breast cancer from 2007 to 2017 and were extracted from the database of the Hospital Cancer Registry of the Evangelical Hospital of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (RHC / HECI) through SisRHC, a tool of management of the computerized database for Hospital Cancer Records. Results: Over the 10 years analyzed, in the south Espírito Santo region, 1,546 women started treatment for breast cancer and of these 528 were aged 49 years or less, stratified by age group: 15-24 years 9 cases (1.71%), 25-34 years 64 cases (12.13%)., 35-39 years 96 cases (18.18%), 40-44 years 156 cases (29.54%), 45-49 years. 203 cases (38.44%). A very important factor when making the diagnosis is the clinical staging (EC) of the disease, a fact that directly influences the type of treatment and the woman's survival. Of the cases analyzed, 464 had complete staging data, of these 27 (5.82%) of the cases were EC 0, EC I were 89 (19.18%), 193 (41.60%) with EC II, 122 ( 26.30%) with EC III and, finally, 33 (7.10%) in EC IV. Conclusions: In Brazil, there is a divergence between the guidance of the INCA (National Cancer Institute), an organ linked to the Ministry of Health, which recommends routine mammography after the age of 50, and the Brazilian Mastology Societies and the Brazilian College of Radiology, which indicate the exam for women over 40 years of age. In this scenario, the reduction in the supply of mammograms puts the country against the recommendations of specialists and medical societies. Mammography is a right for all Brazilian women over 40 years of age. This is the law and we need to enforce it, since the incidence of cancer cases in this age group represented one third of the cases.

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O objetivo central deste artigo é tentar compreender por meio da visão dos colaboradores de uma pequena empresa de produtos ortopédicos, as suas principais percepções, relacionadas ao compartilhamento de conhecimento organizacional. O método escolhido para a pesquisa é qualitativo com a tipologia qualitativa básica. Para a análise de resultados, foi utilizada a técnica de análise temática de Braun e Clarke. Os principais resultados encontrados demonstram que o compartilhamento de conhecimento na organização é realizado por intermédio da utilização das tecnologias de comunicações comuns ao público, assim como, com a realização frequente da técnica de brainstorming, conversas rápidas e outras estratégias para resolução de problemas conforme identificados nesta pesquisa. Referências Alavi, M., & Leidn, D. E. (2001). Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues. MIS Quarterly, 25, 107–136. Allameh, S. M.; Khozani, M. K.; Baniasadi, B. (2020) Consequences of knowledge processes in small businesses: the role of knowledge acquisition, dynamic capabilities, knowledge sharing and creativity. Int. J. Process Management and Benchmarking, Vol. 10, No. 1. Braun, V.; Clarke, V. (2012) Thematic analysis. In: Cooper, H. et al. (Eds.). APA handbook of research methods in psychology, v. 2, Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, v. 2 p. 57-71. Creswell, J. W. (2007) Projeto de pesquisa: Métodos qualitativo, quantitativo e misto. 2. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed. Cummings, J. (2003) Knowledge Sharing: A Review of the Literature. Washington D. C.: The World Bank Operations Evaluation Department. Dalkir, K. (2005) Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. Oxford, UK: Elsevier. Drucker, P. F. (1993) Sociedade Pós-Capitalista. São Paulo: Pioneira. Gold H. A.; Malhotra, A; Segars, A, H.; (2001). Knowledge management: An Organizational Capabilities Perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18 (1), 185-214. Gray, C. (2006). Absorptive capacity, knowledge management and innovation in entrepreneurial small firms. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 12 (6),345-360. Harel, R.; Schwartz, D.; Kaufmann, D. (2020) Sharing knowledge processes for promoting innovation in small businesses. European Journal of Innovation Management. ISO 30401:2018. (2018) International Organization For Standardization. Knowledge Management Systems – Requirements. Genebra: ISO. Kayas, O, G.; Wright, G. (2018) Knowledge Management and Organisational Culture. The Palgrave Handbook of Knowledge Management. ISBN 978-3-319-71434-9 (eBook). Merriam, S. B. (2009) Qualitative research: a guide to design and implementation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Wiley, 2009. Morgan, G. (1980) Paradigms, metaphors, and puzzle solving in organization theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 25, n. 4, p. 605-622. Na Ubon, A.; Kimble, C. (2002) Knowledge Management in Online Distance Education. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference Networked Learning, University of Sheffield, UK, pp. 465-473. Ngah e Ibrahim (2010). The Effect of Knowledge Sharing on Organizational Performance in Small and Medium Enterprises. Santos, N.; Rados, G. J. V. (2020) Fundamentos teóricos de gestão do conhecimento. E-book. – 1. ed. – Florianópolis: Pandion, 114 p. Takeuchi, H.; Nonaka, I. (2008) Criação e dialética do conhecimento. In: Takeuchi, H.; Nonaka, I. Gestão do conhecimento. Porto Alegre: Bookman. Utami, Y.; Rofik, M.; Cahyaningtyas, N. W.; Darminto, D. P. (2021). Impact of Knowledge Sharing and Innovation on Small Business Performance. CISIS 2020: Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems pp 408-411.

Pracę oparto na doświadczeniu polowym przeprowadzonym w latach 2002–2004 na glebie o składzie piasku gliniastego lekkiego. Porównywano dwa sposoby uprawy roli – tradycyjny (orka odwrotka + orka przedzimowa + bronowanie + kultywatorowanie + bronowanie) i uproszczony (orka odwrotka + kultywatorowanie) oraz siedem sposobów pielęgnacji z udziałem herbicydów (Plateen 41,5 WG, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + Atpolan 80 EC, Barox 460 SL, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + Atpolan 80 EC, obiekt kontrolny). Zawartość wapnia i magnezu w suchej masie chwastów przed zbiorem bulw zależała istotnie od sposobów uprawy, sposobów pielęgnacji i warunków pogodowych. Pobranie tych makroelementów przez chwasty z powierzchni 1 hektara zależało od czynników doświadczenia, biomasy chwastów i ich składu chemicznego.

The concept of plants and microbes utilization for remediation measure of pollutant contaminated soil is the newest development in term of petroleum waste management technique. The research objective was to obtain wild grass types and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to synergize in decreasing petroleum concentration within petroleum contaminated soil. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. The first factor treatments were consisted of without plant, Tridax procumbens grass and Lepironia mucronata grass. The second factor treatments were consisted of without bacterium, single bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis, single bacterium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and mixed bacteria of Alcaligenes faecalis with P. alcaligenes. The results showed that mixed bacteria (A. faecalis and P. alcaligenes) were capable to increase the crown and roots dry weights of these two grasses, bacteria population, percentage of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) decrease as well as TPH decrease and better pH value than that of single bacterium. The highest TPH decrease with magnitude of 70.1% was obtained on treatment of L. mucronata grass in combination with mixed bacteria.[How to Cite: Gofar N. 2013.Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 161-168. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161]REFERENCESBello YM. 2007. Biodegradation of Lagoma crude oil using pig dung. Afr J Biotechnol 6: 2821-2825.Gerhardt KE, XD Huang, BR Glick and BM Greenberg. 2009. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants: Potential and challenges. Plant Sci 176: 20-30.Glick BR. 2010. 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W latach 2002–2004 prowadzono badania nad wpływem sposobów uprawy roli i niektórych herbicydów i ich mieszanin (Plateen 41,5 WG, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Plateen 41,5 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + Atpolan 80 EC, Barox 460 SL, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC, Barox 460 SL + Fusilade Forte 150 EC + Atpolan 80 EC) na porażenie bulw ziemniaka odmiany Wiking przez Rhizoctonia solani. Oceniano: procent bulw porażonych, średni stopień porażenia próby i średni stopień porażenia bulw porażonych. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że zastosowanie uprawy uproszczonej (dwa zabiegi uprawowe) w porównaniu z tradycyjną (pięć zabiegów uprawowych) istotnie ograniczało stopień porażenia bulw przez rizoktoniozę. Warunki meteorologiczne panujące w okresie wegetacji były zróżnicowane i wpłynęły na intensywność porażenia bulw przez ocenianą chorobę. Herbicydy nie wpłynęły istotnie na porażenie bulw rizoktoniozą.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of linseed oil on lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity, as well as serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and TG levels, in cafeteria-diet-fed dams during gestation and lactation, and in their offspring throughout adulthood. Food and energy intakes were also evaluated. The cafeteria diet led to higher energy intake, body weight, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (higher TC, LDL-C and TG) in dams’ rats and their pups. Plasma vitamin C, Erythrocyte GSH levels and catalase activity were lower, whereas plasma diene conjugates (DC), Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels (PC) in plasma and erythrocytes were higher in cafeteria-diet-fed mothers and their pups compared to controls. 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In this article, reflectivity is considered as an individual general ability to develop different attitudes to life events in order to reduce an external and internal uncertainty in situations. The objective of the research is to examine the self-assessment criteria for reflectivity with psychosemantic procedure. The author designs a modified version of the Ch. Osgood’s (1957) Semantic Differential (SD) for examining the content and formal features of the self-assessment criteria of reflectivity. This study suggests two main processes of self-assessment of reflectivity, notably differentiation and integration. The results of factor analysis indicate that individuals with high reflectivity level are aligned with low differentiation of the semantic space and monolithic nature of self-assessment criteria. The coherence and consistency of self-assessment criteria reduce the individuals’ level of inner uncertainty, transform external problems to familiar tasks and increase an efficient decision-making. A high level of differentiation is related to individual readiness to make a correct decision in the situation of multiple choice. High differentiation increases the individual adjustment and prevents from poor effects of high reflectivity. Consequently, a high level of reflectivity is associated with a low level of differentiation of self-assessment criteria. References Грановская Р.М. Психология веры. Санкт-Петербург: Питер, 2010. Карпов А.В. Психология рефлексивных механизмов деятельности. Москва: Изд-во «Институт психологии РАН», 2004. Карпов А.В., Пономарева В.В. Психология рефлексивных механизмов управ­ления. М.: Изд­во ИП РАН, 2000. Лактионов А.Н. Координаты индивидуального опыта. Харьков: Харьк. нац. ун-т им. В. Каразина, 2010. Леонтьев Д.А. Психологические ресурсы преодоления стрессовых ситуаций: к уточнению базовых конструктов. Психология стресса и совладающего поведения в современном российском обществе: Материалы II Междун. научно-практич. конференции. Кострома: КГУ им. Н.А. Некрасова, 2010, 2, 40–42. Леонтьев Д.А., Аверина А.Ж. Феномен рефлексии в контексте проблемы саморегуляции. Психологические исследования. 2011. №2(16). Режим доступа: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2011n2-16/463-leontiev-averina16.html. Петренко В.Ф. Основы психосемантики. Москва: Эксмо, 2010. Похилько В. И., Федотова Е.О. Техника репертуарных решеток в экспериментальной психологии личности. Вопросы психологии, 1984. № 3, 151–157. Проблемы психологической герменевтики / Под ред. Н.В. Чепелевой. Киев : Изд-во Национального педагогического университета им. Н. П. Драгоманова, 2009. Савченко О.В. Рефлексивна компетентність особистості. Херсон : ПП Вишемирський В. С., 2016 Савченко О. Структура семантичного простору, що відображає уявлення суб’єкта про власну рефлексивну активність // East European Journal of Psycholinguistics. 2015. Т. 2 (1), 114–123. Чуприкова Н.И. Психология умственного развития: Принцип дифференциации. Москва : АО «Столетие», 1997. Gawronski, B. & Bodenhausen, G. (2006). Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 692-731. Halpern, D. F. (2001). Assessing the Effectiveness of Critical Thinking Instruction. The Journal of General Education, 50(4), 270–286. Harvey, O.J., Hunt, D. E., & Schroder, H. M. (1961). Conceptual System and Personality Organization. New York: Wiley & Sons. Janzen, G. (2006). The Representational Theory of Phenomenal Character: A Phenomenological Critique. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 5, 321–339 [in English]. Kriegel, U. (2003). Consciousness as Intransitive Self-Consciousness: Two views. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 33, 103-132. Lieberman, M. D., Gaunt, R., Gilbert, D. T., & Trope, Y. (2002). Reflexion and reflection: A social cognitive neuroscience approach to attributional inference. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 34, pp. 199-249). Academic Press. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424. Peters, F. (2013). Theories of consciousness as reflexivity. The Philosophical Forum, 44, 341-372. Savchenko O. (2016b) The formation level of the components of the reflective experience as a factor of the students` educational success. Psychological Prospects, 28, 269-282. References (translated and transliterated) Granovskaya, R. M. (2010). Psihologiya Very [Psychology of Faith]. S.-Petersburg: Piter. Karpov, A. V. (2004). Psihologiya Refleksivnyh Mehanizmov Deyatelnosti [Psychology of Reflective Activity Mechanisms]. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Karpov, A. V., Ponomareva, V. V. (2000). Psihologiya Refleksivnyh Mehanizmov Upravleniya [Psychology of Reflective Management Mechanisms]. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Laktionov, A.N. (2010). Koordinaty Individualnogo Opyta [Coordinates of Individual Experience]. Kharkiv: Karazin National University of Kharkiv. Leontyev, D. A. (2010). Psihologicheskie resursyi preodoleniya stressovyih situatsiy: k utochneniyu bazovyih konstruktov [Psychological resources of stressful situations overcoming: to clarify the basic constructs]. Psychology of Stress and Coping Behavior in Modern Russian Society. Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Scientific and Applied Conference, 2. Kostroma: Nekrasov Kostroma State University. (40-42). Leontyev, D.A., Averina, A. Zh. (2011). Fenomen refleksii v kontekste problemyi samoregulyatsii [The phenomenon of reflection in the context of the problem of self-regulation]. Psihologicheskie Issledovaniya, 2(16). Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2011n2-16/463-leontiev-averina16.html. Petrenko, V.F. (2010). Osnovyi Psihosemantiki [Fundamentals of Psychosemantics]. Moscow: Eksmo. Pohilko, V. I., Fedotova, E. O. (1984). Tehnika repertuarnyih reshetok v eksperimentalnoy psihologii lichnosti [Repertory grid technique in experimental psychology of personality.]. Voprosy Psihologii, 3, 151–157. Chepeleva, N. V. (Ed.). (2009). Problemy Psihologicheskoy Germenevtiki [Issues of Psychological Hermeneutics]. Kyiv: Drahomanov National Pedagogical University. Savchenko, O.V. (2016a). Refleksyvna Kompetentnist Osobystosti [Personality`s Reflective Competence]. Kherson: Vyshemyrskyi. Savchenko, O. (2015). Struktura semantychnoho prostoru, shcho vidobrazhaie uiavlennia subyekta pro vlasnu refleksyvnu aktyvnist [The Semantic space structure of the subject’s sonception of his own mental activity]. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 2(1), 114–123. Chuprikova, N. I. (1997). Psihologiya Umstvennogo Razvitiya: Printsip Differentsiatsii [Psychology of Mental Development: The Principle of Differentiation.]. Moscow: Stoletiye. Gawronski, B. & Bodenhausen, G.V. (2006). Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 692-731. Halpern, D. F. (2001). Assessing the effectiveness of critical thinking instruction. The Journal of General Education, 50(4), 270–286. Harvey, O.J., Hunt, D. E., & Schroder, H. M. (1961). Conceptual System and Personality Organization. New York: Wiley & Sons. Janzen, G. (2006). The Representational Theory of Phenomenal Character: A Phenomenological Critique. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 5, 321–339. Kriegel, U. (2003). Consciousness as Intransitive Self-Consciousness: Two views. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 33, 103-132. Lieberman, M. D., Gaunt, R., Gilbert, D. T., & Trope, Y. (2002). Reflexion and reflection: A social cognitive neuroscience approach to attributional inference. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, 34 (pp. 199–249). Academic Press. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424. Peters, F. (2013). Theories of consciousness as reflexivity. The Philosophical Forum, 44, 341-372. Savchenko O. (2016b) The formation level of the components of the reflective experience as a factor of the students` educational success. Psychological Prospects, 28, 269-282.

Esta investigación se planteó la extracción de manteca a partir de almendras infestadas al 25% con monilla (Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par.). Se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, para la diferenciación entre medias se empleó el test Tukey y para el análisis sensorial el test de Kruscal Wallis. Respecto a los resultados, en el rendimiento de manteca extraída en pasta (g/kg), no existieron diferencias. En cuanto a variables físico-químicas el mejor tratamiento fue T3(CCAT-46-88) con 81,88% de grasa, 1.03% en proteína, 807,80 Kcal/100g de energía y 0,22% de índice de acidez. En el contenido de humedad destacó el testigo (EET-103) con 0.07%. Por otro lado, T4 (CCAT-49-98) presentó el mejor registro de materia seca (99,83%) y carbohidratos (9,52%). Mientras que en contenido de ceniza no existieron diferencias. Finalmente, el análisis sensorial demostró que T1 (CCAT-46-57) obtuvo el mejor perfil sensorial. Palabras Clave: análisis sensorial, análisis físico-químicos, cacao, rendimiento. Referencias [1]Wil, «Agropecuarios.net,» 29 Septiembre 2013. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://agropecuarios.net/enfermedades-del-cultivo-de-cacao.html. [Último acceso: 27 Septiembre 2017]. [2]M. Bernal, «Hongo monilla, 1ª causa en pérdida de cacao, dice experto,» Julio 2011. [3]F. Sánchez y F. Gárces, «Moniliophtera roreri (Cif y Par) Evans et al. en el cultivo de cacao,» Scientia Agropecuaria, vol. 3, nº 3, Agosto 2012. [4]S. Ramírez, «La moniliasis un desafio para lograr la sostenibilidad del sistema cacao en México,» Tecnología en Marcha, vol. 21, nº 1, pp. 97-110, Marzo 2008. [5]M. Codini, F. Díaz, M. Ghirardi y I. Villavicencio, «Obtención y utilizacion de la manteca de cacao,» Invenio, vol. 7, nº 12, Junio 2004. [6]A. Casanova, J. Rafael, P. Parrales y V. Katherine, «Obtención de la manteca de cacao a partir de semillas de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), usando extracción supercrítica y extracción convencional.,» Caracas, 2008. [7]DDL, «Especificaciones técnicas, manteca vegetal de palma,» 2005. [8]FAO, «Codex Standard for cocoa butter,» Codex Stan 86, 2001. [9]M. Bernal, «Monilla, problema que afecta al cacao,» El Universo, 24 Abril 2010. [10]M. Lucero, «Caracterización de la manteca de cacao de tres variedades Trinitario (CCN-51), Nacional (EET-103) Y Forastero (IMC-67), Quevedo - Ecuador,» Quevedo, 2014. [11]A. Sánchez, J. Naranjo, V. Córdoba, D. Ávalos y J. Zaldívar, «Caracterización bromatológica de los productos derivados de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en la Chontalpa, Tabasco, México,» Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, nº 14, pp. 2817-2830, 2016. [12]M. Egas, «Evaluación y análisis técnico financiero del proceso de prensado de licor de cacao (Theobroma cacao) para la obtención de manteca y polvo de cacao.,» Quito, 2015. [13]M. Jahurul, I. Zaidul, N. Norulaini, F. Sahena, J. Jaffri y A. Omar, «Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and studies of mango seed kernel for cocoa butter analogy fats,» CyTA- Journal of Food, vol. 12, nº 1, pp. 97-103, 2014. [14]A. Solís, «Elaboración de mantequilla de maní (Arachis hypogaea) variedad virginia con adición parcial de manteca de palma,» Tingo María, 2003. [15]E. Bejarano, M. Bravo, M. Huamán, C. Huapaya, A. Roca y E. Rojas, Tablas de composición de alimentos industrializados, L. Lecca, Ed., Lima, 2002, p. 56. [16]Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana, n. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www.composicionnutricional.com/alimentos/MANTECA-DE-CACAHUETE-1. [17]«Botanical Online,» 2014. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.botanical-online.com/tabladecalorias.htm. [Último acceso: 25 Noviembre 2018]. [18]«Alimentación sana,» Tabla de calorías, 2013. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.alimentacionsana.org/PortalNuevo/actualizaciones/tabladecalorias.htm. [Último acceso: 25 Noviembre 2018]. [19]S. Zuriday, «Extraccion de manteca a partir de las semillas del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) utilizando dioxido de carbono en condiciones supercríticas como solvente,» Caracas, 2007. [20]R. Cuamba, «Caracterización de grasas alternativas de la manteca de cacao,» México D.F., 2008. [21]C. Arriaga, «Contenido de Ácidos Grasos de la manteca provinientes de mezclas, en distintas fracciones,de semillas de Theobroma cacao y Theibroma bicolor y su uso en la manufactura de chocolate.,» Guatemala, 2007. [22]S. Lannes, M. Medeiros y L. Gioielli, «Physical interactions between cupuassu and cocoa fats,» Grasas y Aceites, vol. 62, nº 4, pp. 467-478, 2011.

W okresie kryzysu ekonomicznego nastąpił spadek tempa wzrostu przyjazdów turystówzagranicznych, zarówno na świecie (np. w okresie 2008–2009 liczba przyjazdów turystów zagranicznychspadła z 919 do 880 mln), jak i w Unii Europejskiej (spadek z 486 do 462 mln). Celem niniejszegoartykułu jest ukazanie wpływu światowego kryzysu ekonomicznego na natężenie i przestrzenne zróżnicowaniemiędzynarodowego ruchu turystycznego do krajów Unii Europejskiej na początku XXI wieku,ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem lat 2007–2011. Przeanalizowano przyjazdy turystów zagranicznychdo Unii Europejskiej i jej wybranych krajów, generujących największy ruch przyjazdowy, oraz omówionozmiany w strukturze tych przyjazdów. Przedstawiono także zróżnicowanie wpływów z turystykimiędzynarodowej wybranych krajów UE w badanym okresie. Na ruch turystyczny wpływają takżeprzemiany demograficzne, zwłaszcza proces starzenia się ludności. W związku z tym przebadano równieżzróżnicowanie ruchu turystycznego i wydatków na turystykę zagraniczną według wieku.

Sob o viés metodológico da etnossociologia clínica (ANDRADE, 2019), este artigo analisa narrativas de vida coletadas em uma disciplina de estágio de observação do curso de Letras: Língua Portuguesa da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Em vista da impossibilidade das aulas presenciais, por conta da pandemia de Covid-19, as práticas de formação docente tiveram que ser repensadas. Nesse contexto, as narrativas de vida surgem como catalisadoras de experiências, permitindo ao professor em formação reconfigurar saberes e conhecimentos adquiridos em seu itinerário, (res)significando concepções de linguagem. Assim, as narrativas de vida podem se tornar um produtivo meio de prática (auto)(trans)formativa. O estudo se abaliza nos postulados teóricos de Koch (2013), Geraldi (2011) e Volóchinov (2018) sobre concepções de linguagem, e em Andrade, Lima e Serra (2020a, 2020b), Kleiman (2008), Josso (2004), Ribeiro (2008), Signorini (2006) e Delory-Momberger (2008) sobre a possibilidade (auto)(trans)formativa das narrativas de vida. Os resultados apontam que os professores em formação afirmam ter experienciado o ensino de língua sob o prisma da linguagem como expressão do pensamento e/ou instrumento de comunicação, desejando, por isso, quando em exercício de sua docência, efetivarem práticas mais afeitas à perspectiva sociointeracional, utilizando o potencial reflexivo dos planos de aula, amparados na metodologia sequência didática.Referências:ANDRADE, F. R. da S. Autoconceitos de leitura erigidos a partir de narrativas de vida de professores alfabetizadores. 2019. 192 f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza, 2019.ANDRADE, F. R. da S.; LIMA, P. S. R. de; SERRA, D. G. A ressignificação do ensino de leitura propiciada pela formação docente: um estudo de caso a partir de narrativas de vida. Fólio - Revista de Letras, v. 12, n. 1, p. 441-463, jan./jul. 2020.ANDRADE, F. R. da S.; LIMA, P. S. R. de; SERRA, D. G. A narrativa de vida como construtora das concepções docentes de leitura: um estudo de casa. Letra Magna, v. 16, n. 25, p. 1-21, jan./jun. 2020.BRASIL. Ministério da Educação. Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: 3º e 4º ciclos do Ensino Fundamental: Língua Portuguesa. Brasília/DF: MEC/SEF, 1998.BRASIL. Ministério da Educação. Base nacional comum curricular. Brasília/DF: MEC/SEF, 2018.CAVALCANTE, M. C. B.; MELO, C. T. V. Gêneros orais na escola. In: SANTOS, C.F.; MENDONÇA, M.; CAVALCANTE, M. C. B. Diversidade Textual: os gêneros na sala de aula. Belo Horizonte: Au­têntica; 2007. p. 89-102.DELORY-MOMBERGER, C. Biografia e educação: figuras do indivíduo-projeto. Tradução: M. da Conceição Passeggi, J. G. da Silva Neto e Luís Passeggi. Natal: EDUFRN; São Paulo: Paulus, 2008.FREITAS, L. P. de; LUNA, T. S. e. Concepções de texto e escrita nas propostas de produção textual do novo Enem. In: MARCUSCHI, B.; SIMÕES, T. (Org.) Avaliação de Língua Portuguesa no Novo Enem. São Paulo: UniAnchieta, 2017, p. 243-280.GERALDI, J. W. Concepções de linguagem e ensino de português. In: GERALDI, J. W. (org.) O texto na sala de aula. São Paulo: Ática, 2011, p. 33-38.JOSSO, M. C. Experiências de vida e formação. Tradução: José Cláudio e Júlia Ferreira. São Paulo: Cortez, 2004.KLEIMAN, Â. (Org.). A formação do professor: perspectivas da lingüística aplicada. Campinas, SP: Mercado de Letras, 2008.KOCH, I. V. A inter-ação pela linguagem. 11. ed. São Paulo: Contexto, 2013.RIBEIRO, P. B. O discurso docente (re)velado no gênero memorial. 2008. 293 f. Tese (Doutorado em Letras) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2008.SCHNEUWLY, B; DOLZ, J. Gêneros orais e escritos na escola. Tradução e organização de Roxane Rojo e Glaís Cordeiro. Campinas: Mercado de Letras, 2004.SIGNORINI, I. Prefácio. In: SIGNORINI, I. (org.) Gêneros catalisadores, letramento e formação do professor. São Paulo: Parábola, 2006, p. 7-16.SILVA, E. T. Concepções de leitura e suas consequências no ensino. Perspectiva, Florianópolis, v. 17, n. 31, p. 11-19, jan./jun. 1999.STREET, B. V. Letramentos sociais: abordagens críticas do letramento no desenvolvimento, na etnografia e na educação. Tradução de Marcos Bagno. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2014.VASCONCELOS, S. M. F. Clínica do Discurso: a arte da escuta. Fortaleza: Premius, 2005.VASCONCELOS, S. M. F. Professor: que história é essa? Revista Educação em Questão, Natal, v. 25, n. 11, p. 62-79, jan./abr. 2006.VOLÓCHINOV, V. Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem. Tradução, notas e glossário de Sheila Grillo e Ekaterina Vólkova Américo. 2. ed. São Paulo: Editora 34, 2018.Recebido em 04-02-2021Revisões requeridas em 07-04-2021Aceito em 10-05-2021

During 2006 and 2007 in the region of Sumaré, state of São Paulo, Brazil, surveys were done on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) virus diseases in three open field-grown crops. The data revealed low incidence (0.25 to 3.42%) of randomly distributed plants exhibiting interveinal chlorosis and some necrosis on the basal leaves. Symptoms were only observed on old fruit-bearing plants. Preliminary analysis of thin sections of symptomatic leaves from one plant by transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of aggregates of thin, flexible, and elongated particles in some phloem vessels, suggesting infection with a member of the genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae. Total RNA was extracted separately from leaves of 10 symptomatic plants and used for one-step reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using the HS-11/HS-12 primer pair, which amplifies a fragment of 587 bp from the highly conserved region of the heat shock protein (HSP-70) homolog gene reported for Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) (1). The RT-PCR product was subsequently tested by nested-PCR for single detection of TICV and ToCV using primer pairs TIC-3/TIC-4 and ToC-5/ToC-6, respectively (1). Only one fragment of approximately 463 bp was amplified from 7 of the 10 plants with the primer pair specific for ToCV. No amplification was obtained with the primers specific for TICV. Two amplicons of 463 bp were purified and directly sequenced in both directions. Sequence comparisons of the 463-bp consensus sequence (GenBank Accession No. EU868927) revealed 99% identity with the reported sequence of ToCV from the United States (GenBank Accession No. AY903448) (3). Virus-free adults of Bemisia tabaci biotype B confined on symptomatic tomato leaves for a 24-h acquisition access period were able to transmit the virus to healthy tomato plants, which reproduced the original symptoms on the bottom leaves 65 days after inoculation under greenhouse conditions. Infection from transmission was confirmed by RT-PCR using the HS-11/HS-12 primer pair. In addition to B. tabaci biotype B, the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, has also been reported as a vector of ToCV, although it is less efficient than the B. tabaci biotype B in transmission of this virus (4). T. vaporariorum, which was previously considered limited to greenhouses, was recently reported in tomato and green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops under field conditions in São Paulo State (2). Therefore, it might also contribute to the spread of ToCV in tomato crops in São Paulo. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ToCV in Brazil and South America. References: (1) C. I. Dovas et al. Plant Dis.86:1345, 2002. (2) A. L. Lourenção et al. Neotrop. Entomol. 37:89, 2008. (3) W. M. Wintermantel et al. Arch. Virol. 15:2287, 2005. (4) W. M. Wintermantel and G. C. Wisler. Plant Dis. 90:814, 2006.

Abstract Abstract 2855 Background: Fludarabine-based therapies prolong survival of patients (pts) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but deplete CD4 T-cells causing immunosuppression which increases the risk of infection and may limit control of minimal residual disease by the immune system. Adoptive immunotherapy using autologous CD3/CD28-costimulated T-cells expanded ex vivo (ACTC) enhances immune reconstitution after fludarabine-based therapy of lymphoma (Schuster et al Blood abstract 2007). Methods: We conducted a multicenter phase I/II trial of ACTC following fludarabine-based therapy of CLL. After leukapheresis, pts received fludarabine-based therapy. 8 – 12 weeks after last chemotherapy, responding pts (CR, PR) received a single dose of ACTC prepared from autologous T-cells collected before chemotherapy. Results: 34 pts are enrolled (median age 61; male 24, female 10). To date, 19 pts are evaluable for studies of immune reconstitution at ≥90 days after ACTC infusion. Prior to ACTC, 11 pts received FCR and 1 pt FR as first therapy, while 5 pts received FCR and 2 pts FCR + bevacizumab for previously treated CLL. Median ACTC dose was 6.8E+9 CD3 cells (range: 4.88E+07 −1.05E+10). After chemotherapy, before ACTC infusion (day 0), median CD4 and CD8 counts for all evaluable pts were 119 (range: 12–573) and 80 (range: 4–682), respectively; 30 days after ACTC (day 30), median CD4 and CD8 counts were 373 (range 141–846) and 208 (range: 25–879), respectively. The increases in CD4 and CD8 counts between days 0 and 30 were statistically significant (p = 0.0003 for both CD4 and CD8 cell counts) and remained significantly increased between days 0 and 90 for both CD4 (p = 0.0004) and CD8 (p = 0.005) cell counts. ACTC dose was not associated with change in CD4 or CD8 count. Pts in complete remission (CR) at the time of ACTC infusion had significantly higher CD4 counts on day 30 than pts in partial remission (PR) [median day 30 CD4 count for CR = 464 (range: 194–846) vs PR = 190 (range: 141–395), p = 0.02], but not on days 0 and 90. There was no difference in CD8 counts for pts in CR or PR on days 0, 30, and 90. There were no SAEs; 1 pt developed AIHA after ACTC. For 19 evaluable pts at a median follow-up of 12 months (range: 3.2–22), PFS from ACTC infusion is 80%. Conclusions: ACTC infusion results in a dose-independent acceleration of CD4 and CD8 T-cell recovery after fludarabine-based chemotherapy compared to historical controls. CD4 counts on day 30 are significantly higher for pts in CR at the time of ACTC infusion. Further studies of immune reconstitution and function following ACTC are in progress. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Este artículo ofrece una aproximación a las diferentes perspectivas de los salvadoreños migrantes sobre el tema del voto en el exterior y el papel de los medios de comunicación en el espacio transnacional. Particularmente, este artículo se enfoca en la construcción de una esfera pública transnacional, las nuevas prácticas políticas desterritorializadas y las necesidades de información que expresan los salvadoreños migrantes que residen en Estados Unidos. Este trabajo fue presentado en el I Congreso Centroamericano de Ciencias Políticas, celebrado en San Salvador en julio de 2007.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 117, 2008: 441-462

Настоящая работа посвящена реконструкции способа обогрева жилища-землянки и возможным вариантам функционального назначения таких помещений в хозяйственно-бытовых традициях древнего населения Илейского Алатау. В 2018 г. авторами проводились исследования древних поселений в устье ущелья Узын-Каргалы, которые позволяют реконструировать хозяйственную структуру населения данного микрорайона. Была расчищена землянка в долине ручья Кайнарбулак, в конструкции которой отсутствовал очаг для обогрева помещения. В домостроительстве древних скотоводов горной зоны региона существовала традиция сооружения малогабаритных землянок с системой внешнего обогрева каменных стен. Пристенный очаг с дымоходом позволяет сохранить положительные факторы (быстрый обогрев, малый расход топлива) помещения небольшого объема и увеличивает полезную площадь в пользу обитателей. Данные помещения могли использоваться как для проживания, так и в хозяйственных целях, например, в качестве коптильни. Хронологические параметры возникновения подобной традиции по материалам комплекса древних стоянок скотоводов в долине ручья Кайнарбулак позволяют отнести ее к усуньскому периоду раннего железного века. Библиографические ссылки 1. Аванесова Н.А. Культура пастушеских племен эпохи бронзы азиатской части СССР (по металлическим изделиям). Ташкент: «Фан» УзССР, 1991. 200 с. 2. Бернштам А.Н. Золотая диадема из шаманского погребения на р. Карагалинке // КСИИМК. 1940. Вып. 5. С. 23-31. 3. Бернштам А.Н. Историко-археологические очерки Центрального Тянь-Шаня и Памиро-Алтая // МИА СССР. 1952. № 26. 346 с. 4. Вайнштейн С.И. Мир кочевников центра Азии. М.: Наука, 1991. 296 с. 5. Валиханов Ч.Ч. Тенкри (бог) // Собр. соч. в 5 т. Алма-Ата: Главная ред. Казахской советской энциклопедии, 1984. Т. 1. С. 208-215. 6. Горячев А.А., Мотов Ю.А. Археологический комплекс Бутакты-I. Алматы: ТОО «KazBookTrade», 2018. 264с. 7. Горячев А.А., Потапов С.А. К вопросу о реконструкции жилища эпохи бронзы поселения Талапты-I // Казахское ханство в потоке истории: сб. матер. междунар. научн. конф., посвящ. 550-летию Казахского ханства. Алматы: Институт археологииим. А.Х. Маргулана, 2015. С. 342-351. 8. Горячев А.А., Сараев В.В. К вопросу о хозяйственно-культурном развитии древнего населения Алматы // Известия НАН РК. Сер. обществ. и гум. наук. 2015. № 6 (304). С. 5-18. 9. Горячев А.А., Чернов М.А. Орудия кожевенного ремесла и ткачества из археологического комплекса Тургень-II // История и археология Семиречья. Алматы: ОФ «Родничок», 2007. Вып. 3. С. 106-119. 10. Горячев А.А., Чернов М.А. Металлический инвентарь из погребальных комплексов эпохи бронзы Жетысу // Известия НАН РК. Сер. обществ. и гум. наук. 2017. № 1 (311). С. 5-24. 11. Итина М.А. История степных племен Южного Приаралья во II тыс. до н.э. М.: Наука, 1977. ТХАЭЭ. Т. 10. 240 с. 12. Кузьмина Е.Е. Металлические изделия энеолита и бронзового века Средней Азии. М.: Наука, 1966. 139 с. 13. Кузьмина Е.Е. Гончарное производство у племен андроновской культурной общности // Восточный Туркестан и Средняя Азия в системе культур древнего и средневекового Востока. М.: Гл. ред. восточн. лит. изд-ва «Наука», 1986. С. 152-182. 14. Кузьмина Е.Е. Откуда пришли индоарии? Материальная культура племен андроновской общности и происхождение индоиранцев. М.: МГП «Калина» ВИНИТИ РАН, 1994. 464 с. 15. Марьяшев А.Н, Горячев А.А. Поселения эпохи бронзы в верховьях ущелья Тургень и на плато Асы // История и археология Семиречья. Алматы: ОФ «Родничок», 2001. Вып. 2. С. 112-123. 16. Сараев В.В. Перспектива выявления фактов развитого оросительного земледелия в предгорьях Семиречья // Роль номадов в формировании культурного наследия Казахстана: научн. чтения памяти Н.Э. Масанова: сб. матер. междунар. научн. конф. Алматы: Print-S, 2010. С. 82-88. 17. Сараев В.В. Каргалинский древний историко-географический микрорайон // История и археология Семиречья. Алматы, 2017. Вып. 5. С. 68-90. 18. Сараев В.В., Горячев А.А. Шамсунский клад эпохи поздней бронзы у северных склонов Заилийского Алатау // Известия НАН РК. Сер. обществ. наук. 2011. № 3. С. 37-47. 19. Свод памятников истории и культуры Республики Казахстан. Алматинская область. Алматы: Агентство «Маматай», 2009. 106 с.

9077 Background: New tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting ALK and ROS1 alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have emerged over the last decade. Given the rarity of these genetic changes in NSCLC, data on long term outcomes with sequential therapies are limited. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with metastatic NSCLC and ALK or ROS1 alterations across 12 Academic Thoracic Oncology Medical Investigators Consortium (ATOMIC) sites between 1/29/2007 and 3/31/2021. Data were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Median time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) of 1st TKI, overall survival (OS), and time to brain metastases were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology from start date of 1st TKI. Results: 566 patients with ALK (n = 464) or ROS1 (n = 102) were included. The majority (ALK: 426/464, 92%; ROS1: 88/102, 86%) received a TKI at some point during therapy (1st line TKI n = 262 ALK, 48 ROS1). Crizotinib was the most common 1st TKI (ALK: 57%; ROS1: 88%). Following crizotinib, alectinib (64%) and lorlatinib (41%) were the most common subsequent TKIs for ALK and ROS1, respectively. Alectinib (38%) and entrectinib (10.2%) were the 2nd most common initial TKIs used in ALK and ROS1, respectively. Additional treatment patterns presented in table. With a median follow up time of 31.1 (ALK, 95% CI, 27.6-35.0) and 32.6 (ROS1, 95% CI, 25.7-39.6) months, median OS from start of 1st TKI was 53.3 (ALK, 95% CI, 40.0-68.9) and 42.0 (ROS1, 95% CI, 31.8-NA) months. Out of the 321 patients with brain imaging prior to 1st line therapy, 40% (105/262, ALK) and 39% (23/59, ROS1) had CNS disease. Median time to development of brain metastases from start of 1st TKI in those without previous CNS disease (ALK: 278; ROS1: 58) was 30.0 (ALK, 95% CI, 25.3-39.1) and 27.0 (ROS1, 95% CI, 18.2-NA) months. Median TTD of 1st TKI was 11.2 (ALK) and 10.8 (ROS1) months. Conclusions: This is the largest retrospective cohort of NSCLC patients with ALK or ROS1 rearrangements treated in the real world setting. CNS metastases are common and subset analyses by agent and by year of diagnosis will be presented. Median time to CNS metastasis of > 2 years supports revision of the NCCN guidelines to include regular surveillance brain MRIs in this population. [Table: see text]

Ключові слова: Чорне море, геополітика, М. Грушевський, С. Рудницький, політична арена, Українськареволюція 1917-1921 рр. У статті показано основні політико-ідеологічні засади геополітичного проєкту «Чорноморськоїфедерації», що був створений в працях українського історика М. Грушевського та його учня С. Рудницького вперіод Національно-визвольних змагань та Інтербелума, а також похідні ідеї цього проєкту що існують в XXIстолітті. Проаналізовано передумови, які викликали необхідність розробки концепції співпраці різних країнБалтійсько-Чорноморського регіону на початку ХХ ст. Окреслено основні перспективи імовірності розвиткуспівпраці в межах регіону у майбутньому. Зроблено висновок про те, що щоб бути міцною та незалежноюдержавою, Україна повинна міцно триматися за ті геополітичні переваги, які має, а винайдення новогоформату співробітництва між європейськими державами означеного регіону не може відбуватися безосвоєння досвіду попередників. Посилання Vynar, 1995 – Vynar L. Mykhaylo Hrushevsʹkyy: istoryk i budivnychyy natsiyi: statti i materiyaly [MykhailoHrushevskyi: historian and nation builder: articles and materials]. Kyyiv; Nʹyu-York; Toronto: Fundatsiya im. O.Olʹzhycha. 1995. 302 s. [in Ukrainian].Hrushevsʹkyy, 1920 – Hrushevsʹkyy M. V pershiy delehatsiyi Ukrayinsʹkoyi partiyi sots. revolyutsioneriv (kvitenʹ 1919r. – lyutyy 1920 r.) [In the first delegation of the Ukrainian Socialist Party. revolutionaries (April 1919 - February1920)] // Boritesya – poborete! Videnʹ. 1920. №3. S. 47–60. [in Ukrainian].Hrushevsʹkyy, 1918 – Hrushevsʹkyy M. Na porozi novoyi Ukrayiny: hadki i mriyi [On the threshold of a new Ukraine:ugliness and dreams]. Kyyiv: Druk. akts. t-va «Petro Barsʹkyy u Kyyivi», 1918. 120 s. [in Ukrainian].Hrushevsʹkyy, 2007 – Hrushevsʹkyy M. Na porozi Novoyi Ukrayiny. Hadky ta mriyi [On the threshold of New Ukraine.Abominations and dreams] // Tvory u 50 tomakh. – T.4 (1). Lʹviv. 2007. S. 225–267. [in Ukrainian].Hrushevsʹkyy, 1917 – Hrushevsʹkyy M. Khto taki ukrayintsi i choho vony khochutʹ [Who are Ukrainians and what dothey want]. Kyyiv. T-vo «Znannya» Ukrayiny. 1991. 240 s. [in Ukrainian].Hrushevsʹkyy, 2005 – Hrushevsʹkyy M. Ukrayina, Bilorusʹ, Lytva. [Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania]. Tvory: u 50 t.;redkol.: P. Sokhanʹ, YA. Dashkevych, I. Hyrych ta in.. Lʹviv. Vydavnytstvo «Svit». T 3. S. 65–68. [in Ukrainian].Dashkevych, 1997 – Dashkevych YA. Chornomorsʹki problemy v mynulomu i suchasnomu [Black Sea problems in thepast and present] // Shlyakh peremohy. K., Myunkhen, Nʹyu-York, 1997. − 26 chervnya (№ 26), S. 6. [in Ukrainian].Domashchenko, 2008 – Domashchenko L. M. Kontseptsiyi chornomorsʹkoyi oriyentatsiyi Ukrayiny u vitchyznyaniypolitychniy dumtsi pershoyi polovyny ХХ stolittya [Concepts of Ukraine's Black Sea Orientation in the NationalPolitical Thought of the First Half of the 20th Century]. Kyyiv. 2008. 204 s. [in Ukrainian].Kovalevsʹka, 2017 – Kovalevsʹka O. Stepan Rudnytsʹkyy ta yoho naukovyy dorobok // Stepan Rudnytsʹkyy (1877–1937). Istoriya. Heopolityka. Heohrafiya [Stepan Rudnytskyi and his scientific achievements // Stepan Rudnytskyi(1877–1937). History. Geopolitics. Geography]. T. 1. Kyyiv. 2017. S. 7–69. [in Ukrainian].Korolʹov, 2011 – Korolʹov H. Ukrayinsʹkyy piruet nad Baltiysʹko-Chornomorsʹkym Mizhmor'yam [Ukrainian pirouetteover the Baltic-Black Sea]. URL: https://www.pravda.com.ua/articles/2011/06/8/6247374/ [in Ukrainian].Levenetsʹ, 2001 – Levenetsʹ YU. A. Teoretyko-metodolohichni zasady ukrayinsʹkoyi suspilʹno-politychnoyi dumky:problemy stanovlennya ta rozvytku (druha polovyna ХІХ – pochatok ХХ stolittya) [Theoretical and methodologicalfoundations of Ukrainian social and political thought: problems of formation and development (second half of the 19th -beginning of the 20th century)].Kyyiv. Styslos. 2001. 285 s. [in Ukrainian].Novikova, Trybus, 2016 – Novikova K., Trybus V. Arkhitektory Mizhmorʺya [Architects of the Mediterranean]// Ukrayinsʹkyy tyzhdenʹ. 2016. № 36 (460). URL: https://tyzhden.ua/History/173436 [in Ukrainian].Potulʹnytsʹkyy, 1992 – Potulʹnytsʹkyy V. A. Istoriya ukrayinsʹkoyi politolohiyi (kontseptsiyi derzhavnosti v ukrayinsʹkiyzarubizhniy istoryko-politychniy nautsi) [History of Ukrainian political science (concepts of statehood in Ukrainian andforeign historical and political science).]. Kyyiv. Lybidʹ, 1992. 232 s. [in Ukrainian].Rudnytsʹkyy, 2017 – Rudnytsʹkyy S. Istoriya. Heopolityka. Heohrafiya [History. Geopolitics. Geography]. V 5-kh kn.Kn. 2. Kyyiv: Tempora. 736 s. [in Ukrainian].

RESUMENEl presente trabajo trata de mostrar los nexos entre el republicanismo político y el movimiento obrero en la provincia de Toledo. A través de las diferentes manifestaciones en la prensa, el posicionamiento de individuos o las acciones colectivas desde el nacimiento del republicanismo político y el asociacionismo de los trabajadores, se analiza un espacio compartido que se mantuvo hasta las primeras décadas del siglo xx en el que se prestó atención la mayoría de las veces a los mismos intereses. Palabras clave: republicanismo, movimiento obreroTopónimos: España, ToledoPeríodo: siglo xix, siglo xix ABSTRACTThe present work tries to show the links between political republicanism and the labor movement in the province of Toledo. Through the different manifestations in the press, the positioning of individuals or the collective actions since the birth of political republicanism and workers’ associations, a shared space is analyzed being maintained until the first decades of the 20th century, where most of the time attention was paid to the same interests. Keywords: republicanism, labor movementPlace name: Spain, ToledoPeriod: 19th century, 20th century REFERENCIASÁlvarez Junco, J., La ideología política del anarquismo español, 1868-1919, Madrid, Siglo XXI, 1976.Aróstegui, J., Miseria y conciencia del campo castellano, Madrid, Narcea, 1977.Barrio Alonso, Á. “Anarquistas, republicanos y socialistas en Asturias”, en El anarquismo español y sus tradiciones culturales, Frankfurt am Main, Vervuet, 1995.Bascuñán Añover, O., Protestas y supervivencia. 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Whitefly-transmitted viruses have caused severe losses in tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum) in Cuba. In 2006 and 2007, tomato greenhouses across eastern Cuba exhibited high levels of Bemisia tabaci (B biotype) infestation. Some plants showed interveinal chlorosis and a severe yellow mosaic, combined with leaf brittleness. These symptoms were different from those induced by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-IL(CU)). Only 12 of 31 symptomatic samples resulted in positive PCR assays with TYLCV-specific primers (CTGAATGTTTGGATGGAAATGTGC and GCTCGTAAGTTTCCTCAACGGAC). A reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis for Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) with generic (HS-11/HS-12) and specific primers (ToC-5/ToC-6) was also carried out (2). Sequence analysis of the cloned RT-PCR products (463 bp) confirmed the presence of ToCV in Cuba. The fragment had 97 to 98% identity with GenBank isolates from Spain (DQ136146), Florida (AY903448), and Reunion Island, France (AJ968396). Cloned TYLCV and ToCV amplicons were used as probes to reanalyze the selected 31 samples by a dot-blot hybridization assay in search of mixed infections (1). The assay showed 16 samples to be positive for ToCV, 4 for TYLCV, 8 for both, and 3 samples were negative. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ToCV and TYLCV/ToCV mixed infections in Cuba. References: (1) Y. Abou-Jawdha et al. Plant Dis. 90:378, 2006. (2) C. I. Dovas et al. Plant Dis. 86:1345, 2002.

The aim of this study was to identify spatial patterns in the incidence of childhood tuberculosis in cities in the state of São Paulo. An ecological and exploratory study was carried with data on new cases of tuberculosis in children 0 to 14 years old for the period 2001 to 2005 and from 2006 to 2010, obtained from DATASUS. Data of the population of this age group were collected and raised rates per 100 000 inhabitants. Moran's index (I) was calculated for both periods. Thematic maps with the rates and its difference besides Moran maps, maps with Kernel densities, educational level and income were constructed using using TerraView software. The average rates were 3.23 / 100 000 inhabitants in the first period (2881 cases reported) and 2.13 / 100 000 inhabitants in the second period (2513 cases reported); the Moran index in the first period was I = 0.03 (p = 0.16) and I = 0.06 (p = 0.01) in the second period; the thematic map identified 462 municipalities with higher interest rates in the second period; the kernel map identified higher density rates in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, west coastal cities and in the first period and the second period, the metropolitan region of São Paulo and coastal cities. The data presented in this study provide informations to local and regional managers to implement policies for tuberculosis control.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to see the descriptionof the level ofbrand personality,andpurchase decision in consumers of Pixy powder in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approachh - The design of this study was cross sectional method. This research uses descriptive approach with explanatory survey method. The nurses analysis unit is 130 people. Data collection using questionnaire. The analysis technique used is descriptive technique by using frequency distributionFindings - Based on the results of the research using descriptive analysis, the results obtained that brand personality in the high category, and purchase decision in the good category.Originality/value - The differences in this study located on an object research , time research , a measuring instrument , literature that used , the theory that is used and the results of the study.Aaker, J. L. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 347.Al-rasyid, H. (1994). Teknik Penarikan Sampel dan Penyusunan Skala. Bandung: Universitas Padjajaran.Arora, S., Neha. (2016). Determinants of Customer-based Brand Equity: A Study of Public and Private Banks. Global Business Review, 17(4), 905–920. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916645693Blackwell, R. D. (2005). Consumer Behaviour. Mason: Permissions Department.Buchari Alma. (2008). Mnajemen Pemasaran dan Pemasaran Jasa. Bandung: Alfabeta.Cravens, Piercy. (2013). Strategic Marketing (10th ed.) (10th ed). New York: Mc Graw Hil.Dirgantari, P. D. (2016). PERANAN BAURAN PEMASARAN JASA PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP UPAYA MENINGKATKAN EKUITAS MEREK BERBASIS PELANGGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI (STUDI PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI DI JAWA BARAT). Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis, 11, 22–31.Guthrie, M., Hye-shin, K., Jaehee, J. (2007). The effects of facial image andcosmetic usage on perceptions ofbrand personality. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 12(2), 164–181. http://doi.org/10.1108/13612020810874863Hawkins, D. 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(2014). elationship between Brand Experience , Brand Personality , Consumer Satisfaction , and Consumer Loyalty of DSSMF Brand. iBuss Management, 2(2), 89–98.Laios, L. G., Moschuris, S. J. (2015). The influence of enterprise type on the purchasing decision process. International Journal of Operations Production Management.Lamb, C. W., Hair, J. F. (2011). Marketing.Malhotra, N. K. (2010). Marketing Research (6th ed.). United States of America.Mulyadi, H., Saktiawati, D. (2008). Pengaruh Brand Personality terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sampo Sunsilk. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis, 7.Noel, H. (2009). Consumer behaviour. Switzerland: AVA Publishing SA.Orozoco-Gomez, M., Toldos-Romeo Ma, M. de l P. (2015). Brand personality and purchase intention, 27(5), 462–467. http://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-03-2013-0046Peter, J. P., Jerry, C. O. (2008). Consumer Behaviour perilaku konsumen dan strtegi pemasaran. Jakarta: Erlangga.Rampl, L. V., Kenning, P. (2014). 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To improve online learning pedagogy within the field of paralegal education, this study investigated how paralegal students and paralegal instructors perceived the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. This study intended to inform paralegal instructors and course developers how to better design, deliver, and evaluate effective online course instruction in the field of paralegal studies.Survey results were analyzed using independent samples t-test and correlational analysis, and indicated that overall, paralegal students and paralegal instructors positively perceived synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. Paralegal instructors reported statistically significant higher perceptions than paralegal students: (1) of instructional design and course content in synchronous online paralegal courses; and (2) of technical assistance, communication, and course content in asynchronous online paralegal courses. Instructors also reported higher perceptions of the effectiveness of universal design, online instructional design, and course content in synchronous online paralegal courses than in asynchronous online paralegal courses. Paralegal students reported higher perceptions of asynchronous online paralegal course effectiveness regarding universal design than paralegal instructors. No statistically significant differences existed between paralegal students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous online paralegal courses. A strong, negative relationship existed between paralegal students’ age and their perceptions of effective synchronous paralegal courses, which were statistically and practically significant. Lastly, this study provided practical applicability and opportunities for future research. Akyol, Z., & Garrison, D. R. (2008). The development of a community of inquiry over time in an online course: Understanding the progression and integration of social, cognitive and teaching presence. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 12, 3-22. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ837483.pdf Akyol, Z., Garrison, D. R., & Ozden, M. Y. (2009). Online and blended communities of inquiry: Exploring the developmental and perceptional differences. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 10(6), 65-83. Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/765/1436 Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2014). Grade change: Tracking online education in the United States. Babson Park, MA: Babson Survey Research Group and Quahog Research Group, LLC. Retrieved from https://www.utc.edu/learn/pdfs/online/sloanc-report-2014.pdf Alreck, P. L., & Settle, R. B. (2004). The Survey Research Handbook (3rd ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin. American Association for Paralegal Education (2013, Oct.). AAfPE core competencies for paralegal programs. Retrieved from https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.aafpe.org/resource/resmgr/Docs/AAfPECoreCompetencies.pdf American Bar Association, Standing Committee on Paralegals. (2017). https://www.americanbar.org/groups/paralegals.html American Bar Association, Standing Committee on Paralegals (2013, September). Guidelines for the approval of paralegal education programs. Retrieved from https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/paralegals/ls_prlgs_2013_paralegal_guidelines.authcheckdam.pdf Astani, M., Ready, K. J., & Duplaga, E. A. (2010). Online course experience matters: Investigating students’ perceptions of online learning. Issues in Information Systems, 11(2), 14-21. Retrieved from http://iacis.org/iis/2010/14-21_LV2010_1526.pdf Bailey, C. J., & Card, K. A. (2009). Effective pedagogical practices for online teaching: Perception of experienced instructors. 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Toward a learner-oriented community college online course dropout framework. International Journal on ELearning, 6(4), 519-542. https://www.learntechlib.org/j/IJEL/ Lloyd, S. A., Byrne, M. M., & McCoy, T. S. (2012). Faculty-perceived barriers of online education. Journal of online learning and teaching, 8(1), 1-12. Retrieved from http://jolt.merlot.org/vol8no1/lloyd_0312.pdf Lockee, B., Burton, J., & Potter, K. (2010, March). Organizational perspectives on quality in distance learning. In D. Gibson & B. Dodge (Eds.), Proceedings of SITE 2010—Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 659-664). San Diego, CA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). https://www.learntechlib.org/p/33419/ Lowerison, G., Sclater, J., Schmid, R. F., & Abrami, P. C. (2006). Student perceived effectiveness of computer technology use in post-secondary classrooms. 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The purpose of this article is to analyze the so-called human capital theory and to clarify the concept of public good, as well as the frequency of the expression "public" in the Declarations adopted at the Regional Conferences of Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2008 and 2018. For this, in methodological terms, this article analyzes documents from certain International Organizations (UNESCO, World Bank and OECD) and seeks theoretical support in Reinhart Koselleck's History of Concepts and other authors such as Roger Dale, Susan Robertson, Bob Jessop, Stephen Gill, Paul Samuelson , Karl Polanyi and Pierre Bourdieu.ResumoO presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a chamada teoria do capital humano e precisar o conceito de bem público, bem como a frequência da expressão “público” nas Declarações aprovadas nas Conferências Regionais de Educação Superior na América Latina e Caribe, em 2008 e 2018. Para isto, em termos metodológicos, o presente artigo analisa documentos de determinadas Organizações Internacionais (UNESCO, Banco Mundial e OCDE) e busca apoio na História dos Conceitos de Reinhart Koselleck e em autores como Roger Dale, Bob Jessop, Stephen Gill, Paul Samuelson, Karl Polanyi, Pierre Bourdieu.Keywords: Public good, Human capital theory, Commodification, Education, CRES 2008 and CRES 2018.Palavras-chave: Bem público, Teoria do capital humano, Mercadorização, Educação, CRES 2008 e CRES 2018.ReferencesALVES, Giovanni. O que é o precariado? Blog da Boitempo. Extraído de <https://blogdaboitempo.com.br/2013/07/22/o-que-e-o-precariado/>, 22 Jul 2013, acesso em 28 fev 2019.ARENDT, Hannah. A crise na educação. In: Entre o passado e o futuro. Tradução: Mauro W. Barbosa de Almeida. 3ª reimpressão da 5ª ed. de 2000. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2005.AUDITORIA CIDADÃ DA DÍVIDA. Dividômetro: quanto pagamos (juros e amortizações) – dívida pública federal. Auditoria Cidadã da Dívída. 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Bullying behaviour can have a negative impact on a child's physical and psychological health. Bullying in the classroom is a challenge for early-childhood educators. Preschool is the first place outside the home where children face social challenges when interacting with their classmates. Child-Friendly Class is the first step and part of the Children Friendly School (CSF) as a UNICEF program and an important Indonesian government policy to prevent the emergence of child bullying behaviour. This study aims to identify needs in the process of developing a Child-Friendly Classroom Management model to anticipate bullying behaviour. This research and development method uses an adaptation of the Rowntree model which includes three stages of the process and data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The results of this study indicate that the preparation of an effective classroom management guidebook to create child-friendly classes needs to be followed up immediately. Several findings related to teachers' perceptions of classroom management, and child-friendly classes prove that child-friendly classes have not been implemented properly in PAUD institutions, with bullying behaviour still appearing in early childhood in PAUD institutions. PAUD teachers understand that it is important to implement classroom management but so far there has been no manual on how to manage effective classrooms as well as training related to the implementation of effective classroom management. The creation of child-friendly classes is believed to be able to help teachers suppress the emergence of bullying behaviour in early childhood. Keywords: Child-Friendly Classroom Management, Bullying Prevention, Early Childhood Education References: Allday, R. A., Hinkson-Lee, K., Hudson, T. 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