Academic literature on the topic '2007 h-996'
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Journal articles on the topic "2007 h-996"
1
El-Agmy, Reda M., and Najm M. Al-Hosiny. "Thermal analysis and CW laser operation at 1.998 µm in end pumped Tm:YAP lasers." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i4.938.
Full textAbstract:
We report on thermal analysis and a continuous wave (CW) laser operation at (1.998µm) of end pumped Tm: YAP cylindrical laser rod. The Tm: YAP laser rod is pumped at a wavelength of 1.064 µm emitting from Nd: YAG laser source. A 3W incident pump power is used to generate a maximum laser output of 700 mW, representing 18% slope efficiency. The power of thermally induced lens in Tm:YAP laser rod is numerically analyzed and validated experimentally. The focal lengths of the thermally induced lens are directly measured using Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. We have detected blue up-conversion fluorescence emission before laser operation at 1.998 µm. The obtained experimental results were in good agreement with the numerical calculations. Full Text: PDF ReferencesI. F. Elder, J. Payne, "Diode-pumped, room-temperature Tm:YAP laser", Applied Optics 36 (33), 8606 (1997) CrossRef Y. Li, B. Yao, Y. Wang, Y. Ju, G. Zhao, Y. Zong, J. Xu, "High efficient diode-pumped Tm:YAP laser at room temperature", Chinese Opt. Lett. 5 (5), 286 (2007). DirectLink H. Ni, S. C. Rand, "Avalanche upconversion in Tm:YALO3", Opt. Lett. 16 (8), 1424 (1991). CrossRef Z. G. Wang, C. W. Song, Y. F. Li, Y. L. Ju, Y. Z. Wang, "CW and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:GdVO4 laser at room temperature", Laser Phys. Lett. 6 (2), 105 (2009). CrossRef Baoquan Yao, Yi Tian, Wei Wang, Gang Li, Yuezhu Wang, "Analysis and compensation of thermal lens effects in Tm:YAP lasers", Chinese Opt. Lett. 8 (10), 996 (2010). CrossRef F. Cornacchia, D. Parisi, C. Bernardini, M. Toncelli, "Efficient, diode-pumped Tm3+:BaY2F8 vibronic laser", Opt. Expr. 12 (9), 1982 (2004). CrossRef Xiaojin Cheng, Mi Fan, Jiandong Cao, Jianhua Shang, "Research on the thermal effect and laser resonator of diode-pumped thin-slab Tm:YAP lasers", Optik 176, 32 (2019). CrossRef W. Koechner, Solid-state Laser Engineering, Springer, (2013). DirectLink https://www.crytur.cz DirectLink http://www.laserlabcomponents.com/ DirectLink R. M. El-Agmy, N.AlHosiny, "2.31 [micro sign]m laser under up-conversion pumping at 1.064 [micro sign]m in Tm3+:ZBLAN fibre lasers", Elect. Lett. 46 (13), 936 (2010). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. M. Al-Hosiny, "870 mW blue laser emission at 480 nm in a large core thulium doped ZBLAN fiber laser", Laser Phys. 20 (4), 838 (2010). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. M. Al-Hosiny, "Power scaling of end-pumped Nd:YLF lasers, modeling and experiments", Optik 140, 584 (2017). CrossRef R. M. El-Agmy, N. Al-Hosiny, "Thermal analysis and experimental study of end-pumped Nd: YLF laser at 1053 nm", Photonic sensors 7 (4), 329 (2017). CrossRef S. C. Tidwell, J. F. Seamans, M. S. Bowers, A. K. Cousins, "Scaling CW diode-end-pumped Nd:YAG lasers to high average powers", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28, 997 (1992). CrossRef P. J. Hardman, W. A. Clarkson, G. J. Friel, M. Pollnau, D. C. Hanna, "Energy-transfer upconversion and thermal lensing in high-power end-pumped Nd:YLF laser crystals", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 35, 647 (1999). CrossRef
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Seifi, Rahman, and Hamid Shahbazi. "Initiation and growth of fatigue cracks in sheets with U-shaped notches in the first and mixed modes of fracture." Journal of Design Against Fatigue 2, no. 1 (March 14, 2024): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.62676/jdaf.2024.2.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
This study presents the effects of the geometry of the notches on the fatigue life, crack initiation, and growth in mixed mode and first mode of the fracture. For this purpose, some samples were tested with U-shaped notches with different radii and depths and various orientations with respect to the loading directions under fatigue loads. Using the fatigue crack growth rates, the Paris law coefficients were obtained for the used material in different conditions. It was shown that these coefficients are independent of the geometry of the samples. Fatigue crack growth behaviors in the mixed mode tests were also in good agreement with the result of the numerical simulations. Predictions of the maximum tangential stress criterion and numerical simulation for the position of the crack initiation on the notch root were compared with the tested observations, which showed good agreement. The fatigue life of the test samples was compared with the analytical results provided by the Manson-Coffin law. It was shown that a 25% decrease in notch depth increases the fatigue life by 3 times, also, an increase of 0.5 mm in the notch radius increases the fatigue life by 40%. Finally, the fracture surface of the samples was checked using an optical microscope. This study showed that the fracture surfaces have one or two lateral shear lips and plane stress conditions were established. REFERENCES [1] X.-L. Zheng, Modelling fatigue crack initiation life, Int. J. Fatigue, 15 (1993) 461-466, https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(93)90257-Q. [2] M. De Freitas, L. Reis, B. Li, Evaluation of small crack growth models for notched specimen under axial/torsional fatigue loading, Facta universitatis-series: Mechanics, Automatic Control and Robotics, 3 (2003) 657-669, [3] H. Zhang, A. Fatemi, Short fatigue crack growth from a blunt notch in plate specimens, Int. J. Fract., 170 (2011) 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-011-9597-7. [4] Z. Zhang, Q. Sun, C. Li, Y. Qiao, D. Zhang, A New Three-Parameter Model for Predicting Fatigue Crack Initiation Life, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 20 (2011) 169-176, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-010-9667-4. [5] A. Carpinteri, M. Paggi, The effect of crack size and specimen size on the relation between the Paris and Wöhler curves, Meccanica, 49 (2014) 765-773, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-014-9908-y. [6] R. Branco, J. Costa, F. Antunes, Fatigue behaviour and life prediction of lateral notched round bars under bending–torsion loading, Eng. Fract. Mech., 119 (2014) 66-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.02.009. [7] F. Gomez, G. Guinea, M. Elices, Failure criteria for linear elastic materials with U-notches, Int. J. Fract., 141 (2006) 99-113, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-006-0066-7. [8] M. Benedetti, M. Beghini, L. Bertini, V. Fontanari, Experimental investigation on the propagation of fatigue cracks emanating from sharp notches, Meccanica, 43 (2008) 201-210, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-008-9129-3. [9] A. Akhavan Safar, A. Vrdi, M. Zorofi, Numerical and analytical investigation of the fatigue life of the notched sample and its comparison with the experimental results, in: 16th Annual Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Kerman, Iran, 2008. [10] Y. Hu, Z. Hu, S. Cao, Theoretical study on Manson-Coffin equation for physically short cracks and lifetime prediction, Sci. China Technol. Sci., 55 (2012) 34-42, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-011-4581-z. [11] Y. Li, H. Wang, D. Gong, The interrelation of the parameters in the Paris equation of fatigue crack growth, Eng. Fract. Mech., 96 (2012) 500-509, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.08.016. [12] F. Gómez, M. Elices, F. Berto, P. Lazzarin, A generalised notch stress intensity factor for U-notched components loaded under mixed mode, Eng. Fract. Mech., 75 (2008) 4819-4833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2008.07.001. [13] S. Iida, A.S. Kobayashi, Crack-propagation rate in 7075-T6 plates under cyclic tensile and transverse shear loadings, J. Fluids Eng., 91 (1969) 764-769, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3571219. [14] J. Qian, A. Fatemi, Mixed mode fatigue crack growth: a literature survey, Eng. Fract. Mech., 55 (1996) 969-990, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7944(96)00071-9. [15] F. Erdogan, G. Sih, On the crack extension in plates under plane loading and transverse shear, J. Fluids Eng., 85 (1963) 519-525, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3656897. [16] E.E. Gdoutos, Problems of mixed mode crack propagation, (1984), [17] A.T. Yokobori, T. Yokobori, K. Sato, K. Syoji, Fatigue crack growth under mixed modes I and II, Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 8 (1985) 315-325, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1985.tb00430.x. [18] L. Pook, The fatigue crack direction and threshold behaviour of mild steel under mixed mode I and III loading, Int. J. Fatigue, 7 (1985) 21-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(85)90004-0. [19] M. Louah, G. Pluvinage, A. Bia, Mixed mode fatigue crack growth using the Brasilian disc, Virginia Univ, Fatigue 87, 2 (1987), [20] H. Nayeb-Hashemi, S. Hwang, P. Poles, Crack closure phenomena in modes I and II interactions, Fatigue'87., 2 (1987) 979-996, [21] T. Hyde, A. Chambers, A compact mixed-mode (cmm) fracture specimen, J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des., 23 (1988) 61-66, https://doi.org/10.1243/03093247V232061. [22] M. Brown, Analysis and design methods in multiaxial fatigue, in: Advances In Fatigue Science and Technology, Springer, 1989, pp. 387-401. [23] C. Wang, S. Wang, Modified Generalized Maximum Tangential Stress Criterion for Simulation of Crack Propagation and Its Application in Discontinuous Deformation Analysis, Eng. Fract. Mech., 259 (2022) 108159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2021.108159. [24] M. Eftekhari, C. Xu, Evaluating MTS criterion in predicting mixed-mode crack extension under different loading conditions, Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 46 (2023) 96-110, https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13850. [25] K. Tanaka, Fatigue crack propagation from a crack inclined to the cyclic tensile axis, Eng. Fract. Mech., 6 (1974) 493-507, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(74)90007-1. [26] K. Tateishi, T. Hanji, Low cycle fatigue strength of butt-welded steel joint by means of new testing system with image technique, Int. J. Fatigue, 26 (2004) 1349-1356, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2004.03.016. [27] K. Tateishi, T. Hanji, K. Minami, A prediction model for extremely low cycle fatigue strength of structural steel, Int. J. Fatigue, 29 (2007) 887-896, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.08.001. [28] S. Li, X. Xie, C. Cheng, Q. Tian, A modified Coffin-Manson model for ultra-low cycle fatigue fracture of structural steels considering the effect of stress triaxiality, Eng. Fract. Mech., 237 (2020) 107223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107223. [29] Y. Zhang, L. Gao, C. Wang, A Prediction Model for Low Cycle Fatigue Crack Initiation under Axial Loading in: 13th International Conference on Fracture 2013. [30] D.F. Socie, Fatigue-life prediction using local stress-strain concepts, Exp. Mech., 17 (1977) 50-56, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02326426. [31] M. Benedetti, C. Menapace, V. Fontanari, C. Santus, On the variability in static and cyclic mechanical properties of extruded 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 44 (2021) 2975-2989, https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13530. [32] K. Tahmasbi, F. Alharthi, G. Webster, M. Haghshenas, Dynamic frequency-dependent fatigue damage in metals: A state-of-the-art review, Forces Mech., 10 (2023) 100167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2023.100167. [33] H. Kuhn, D. Medlin, ASM Handbook. Volume 8: Mechanical Testing and Evaluation, ASM International, Member/Customer Service Center, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, 2000. 998, (2000) 1832, https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v08.9781627081764. [34] L. Fu, H. Duan, H. Li, L. Lin, Q. Wang, J. Yao, Y. Luo, Low-cycle fatigue behavior of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy at different strain amplitudes, Mater. Express, 10 (2020) 942-947, https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1696. [35] S. Hassanifard, H. Mousavi, A. Varvani-Farahani, The influence of low-plasticity burnishing process on the fatigue life of friction-stir-processed Al 7075-T6 samples, Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 42 (2019) 764-772, https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12950.
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VASILEV, V., N. ANDORN, R. JAPHETH, and V. AGMON. "Variability of Shigella flexneri serotypes in Israel during a period of two years: 2000 and 2001." Epidemiology and Infection 132, no. 1 (January 27, 2004): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880300147x.
Full textAbstract:
During a period of 2 years (2000 and 2001) 996 Shigella flexneri strains from sporadic cases in Israel were sent to the National Shigella Reference Centre (NSRC) by hospital and outpatient clinics. The most common serotypes were 2a, 6 and 1b, accounting for 88·4% of all isolates. They were investigated according to the monthly distribution of the strains, and the age and sex of the patients. The severity of the disease was assessed by a hospital/outpatient distribution (H/Od) of the isolates, based on the location of the sending laboratory. The most affected age groups were 0–11 months and 1–4 years, and the prevalent serotype was 2a, while serotype 6 was dominant in the 5–14 years age group. More cases were registered during the hot season, and there were some serotype-related variations. Overall, 62·1% of the samples were from male patients. Serotype 1b was dominant in the male/female ratio, although it was third in general prevalence. According to the H/Od serotype 2a was more common in hospitalized males and serotype 6 in outpatients, both male and female. These variations, as well as changes in serotype prevalence in the past, underscore the importance of serotype monitoring as part of the public health strategies for reducing the burden of Shigella flexneri infections.
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Karlowsky, James A., Clyde Thornsberry, Ian A. Critchley, Mark E. Jones, Alan T. Evangelista, Gary J. Noel, and Daniel F. Sahm. "Susceptibilities to Levofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis Clinical Isolates from Children: Results from 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 TRUST Studies in the United States." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 6 (June 2003): 1790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.6.1790-1797.2003.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Among respiratory tract isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children, resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) increases on an annual basis. Pediatric patients who do not respond to conventional therapy for respiratory tract infections someday may be treated with fluoroquinolones. In this study, MICs of β-lactams, azithromycin, SXT, and levofloxacin were determined and interpreted by using NCCLS guidelines for isolates of S. pneumoniae (2,834 from children and 10,966 from adults), Haemophilus influenzae (629 from children and 2,281 from adults), and Moraxella catarrhalis (389 from children and 1,357 from adults) collected during the 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 respiratory illness seasons in the United States as part of the ongoing TRUST surveillance studies. Rates of resistance to penicillin, azithromycin, and SXT were ≥7.5% higher among patients ≤4 years old than among patients 5 to 10, 11 to 17, and ≥18 years old in both the 2000-2001 and the 2001-2002 respiratory illness seasons. Levofloxacin resistance was detected in 2 of 2,834 isolates (0.07%) from patients <18 years old. Levofloxacin MICs of 0.25 to 1 μg/ml accounted for 99.6, 99.5, 99.3, 99.7, 98.4, and 98.0% of isolates from patients <2, 2 to 4, 5 to 10, 11 to 17, 18 to 64, and >64 years old. Multidrug resistance was twice as common among patients ≤4 years old (25.3%) as among patients 5 to 10 years old (13.7%), 11 to 17 years old (11.9%), 18 to 64 years old (12.1%), and >64 years old (12.4%). The most common multidrug resistance phenotype in S. pneumoniae isolates for all age groups was resistance to penicillin, azithromycin, and SXT (70.3 to 76.6%). For H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis isolates from patients <2, 2 to 4, 5 to 10, 11 to 17, 18 to 64, and >64 years old, levofloxacin MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited were 0.015 and 0.03 to 0.06 μg/ml, respectively, in the 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 respiratory illness seasons. In the 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 respiratory illness season surveillance studies in the United States, 99.9% of pediatric isolates of S. pneumoniae were susceptible to levofloxacin. If fluoroquinolones become a treatment option for pediatric patients, careful monitoring of fluoroquinolone susceptibilities will be increasingly important in future surveillance studies.
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Silitonga, Mirdat, Herien Puspitawati, and Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati. "MODAL SOSIAL, COPING EKONOMI, GEJALA STRES SUAMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF KELUARGA PADA KELUARGA TKW." JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) 5, no. 1 (April 17, 2018): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkkp.051.03.
Full textAbstract:
The achievement of family well - being is an aspiration of all families including families of migrant workers, to achieve the well - being of one of the ways that the families of migrant workers with the departure of the wife work as domestic servants in various countries. The purpose of this study was to analyze social capital, economic coping, sress symptom’s husband and family subjektive well - being of women migrant workers. This research use cross sectional studies. The location was chosen purposively in Tanggeung Village, Pagermaneuh Village, Margaluyu Village, Karangtengah Village, Tanggeung District and Pasirdalam Village Kadupandak District, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Seventy five families were selected purposively among the families of women migrant workers. The finding indicates that social capital is in the moderate category, the coping economy is in the moderate category, the sress symptom’s husband is in the low category and the family well-being is in the low category. Finding in this study family subjective well-being is influenced by income per capita, sress symptom’s husband and economic coping.
Keywords: economic coping, family subjective well-being, social capital, stress symptom
Abstrak
Kesejahteraan keluarga merupakan sesuatu yang ingin dicapai seluruh keluarga, termasuk keluarga Tenaga Kerja Wanita (TKW), untuk mencapai kesejahteraan tersebut salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh keluarga TKW adalah mengirim istri sebagai pembantu rumah tangga di berbagai negara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis modal sosial, coping ekonomi, gejala stres suami, dan kesejahteraan subjektif keluarga TKW. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional studies. Lokasi dipilih dengan metode purposive di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Kabupaten Cianjur, Kecamatan Tanggeung, Desa Pagermaneuh, Desa Marguluyu, Desa Karangtengah, Desa Tanggeung, Kecamatan Kadupandak, Desa Pasirdalam. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 75 keluarga TKW dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menemukan modal sosial berada pada kategori sedang, coping ekonomi berada pada kategori sedang, gelaja stres suami berada pada kategori rendah, dan kesejahteraan subjektif berada pada kategori rendah. Penelitian ini juga menemukan kesejahteraan keluarga berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan perkapita, gelaja stres suami, dan coping ekonomi.
Kata kunci : coping ekonomi, gejala stres, kesejahteraan subjektif, modal sosial.
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Pérez-Trallero, Emilio, Jose E. Martín-Herrero, Ana Mazón, Celia García-Delafuente, Purificación Robles, Victor Iriarte, Rafael Dal-Ré, and Juan García-de-Lomas. "Antimicrobial Resistance among Respiratory Pathogens in Spain: Latest Data and Changes over 11 Years (1996-1997 to 2006-2007)." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 7 (May 3, 2010): 2953–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01548-09.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT A nationwide multicenter susceptibility surveillance study (Susceptibility to the Antimicrobials Used in the Community in España [SAUCE] project), SAUCE-4, including 2,559 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2,287 Streptococcus pyogenes, and 2,736 Haemophilus influenzae isolates was carried out from May 2006 to June 2007 in 34 Spanish hospitals. Then, the results from SAUCE-4 were compared to those from all three previous SAUCE studies carried out in 1996-1997, 1998-1999, and 2001-2002 to assess the temporal trends in resistance and the phenotypes of resistance over the 11-year period. In SAUCE-4, on the basis of the CLSI breakpoints, penicillin (parenteral, nonmeningitis breakpoint) and cefotaxime were the antimicrobials that were the most active against S. pneumoniae (99.8% and 99.6%, respectively). Only 0.9% of isolates had a penicillin MIC of ≥2 μg/ml. In S. pyogenes, nonsusceptibility to erythromycin was observed in 19.4% of isolates. Among the H. influenzae isolates, a β-lactamase-positive prevalence of 15.7% was found. A statistically significant temporal decreasing trend over the 11-year period was observed for nonsusceptibility (from 60.0% to 22.9%) and resistance (from 36.5% to 0.9%) to penicillin and for the proportion of erythromycin-resistant isolates of S. pneumoniae of the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) phenotype (from 98.4% to 81.3%). A similar trend was observed for the prevalence of ampicillin resistance (from 37.6% to 16.1%), β-lactamase production (from 25.7% to 15.7%), and β-lactamase-negative ampicillin resistance (BLNAR) in H. influenzae (from 13.5% to 0.7%). Among erythromycin-resistant isolates of S. pyogenes, a significant increasing trend in the prevalence of MLSB was observed (from 7.0% to 35.5%). SAUCE-4 confirms a generalized decline in the resistance of the main respiratory pathogens to the antimicrobials as well as a shift in their resistance phenotypes.
7
McGregor, Heather R., and Paul L. Gribble. "Changes in visual and sensory-motor resting-state functional connectivity support motor learning by observing." Journal of Neurophysiology 114, no. 1 (July 2015): 677–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00286.2015.
Full textAbstract:
Motor learning occurs not only through direct first-hand experience but also through observation (Mattar AA, Gribble PL. Neuron 46: 153–160, 2005). When observing the actions of others, we activate many of the same brain regions involved in performing those actions ourselves (Malfait N, Valyear KF, Culham JC, Anton JL, Brown LE, Gribble PL. J Cogn Neurosci 22: 1493–1503, 2010). Links between neural systems for vision and action have been reported in neurophysiological (Strafella AP, Paus T. Neuroreport 11: 2289–2292, 2000; Watkins KE, Strafella AP, Paus T. Neuropsychologia 41: 989–994, 2003), brain imaging (Buccino G, Binkofski F, Fink GR, Fadiga L, Fogassi L, Gallese V, Seitz RJ, Zilles K, Rizzolatti G, Freund HJ. Eur J Neurosci 13: 400–404, 2001; Iacoboni M, Woods RP, Brass M, Bekkering H, Mazziotta JC, Rizzolatti G. Science 286: 2526–2528, 1999), and eye tracking (Flanagan JR, Johansson RS. Nature 424: 769–771, 2003) studies. Here we used a force field learning paradigm coupled with resting-state fMRI to investigate the brain areas involved in motor learning by observing. We examined changes in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) after an observational learning task and found a network consisting of V5/MT, cerebellum, and primary motor and somatosensory cortices in which changes in FC were correlated with the amount of motor learning achieved through observation, as assessed behaviorally after resting-state fMRI scans. The observed FC changes in this network are not due to visual attention to motion or observation of movement errors but rather are specifically linked to motor learning. These results support the idea that brain networks linking action observation and motor control also facilitate motor learning.
8
Сауткин, Илья Сергеевич, and Татьяна Владимировна Рогова. "ВАРИАБИЛЬНОСТЬ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРИЗНАКОВ ЛИСТЬЕВ НЕКОТОРЫХ ВИДОВ ЛУГОВЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ." Российский журнал прикладной экологии, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2022.1.4.14.
Full textAbstract:
Исследование внутривидовой изменчивости трех функциональных признаков листьев: площади – LA, сухой массы – LDW и удельной площади – SLA показало их взаимообусловленность и зависимость значений признаков от благопритяности условий местообитания и антропогенной нагрузки. Анализ полученных данных исследования показал, что универсальные информационные показатели LA и LDW являются низкими в неблагоприятных и низкопродуктивных местообитаниях и более высокими при изобилии ресурсов в более продуктивных условиях существования. Полученные значения SLA видов растений, произрастающих в сообществах интенсивно эксплуатируемых пастбищ, часто имеют более высокие значения. Возможно, адаптация в условиях постоянного изъятия биомассы на сенокосах и пастбищах идет в первую очередь через сокращение массы листьев при сохранении листовой поверхности. В сообществах мезофитных лугов в условиях заповедного режима, характеризующихся высокой продуктивностью, показатели функциональных признаков всех исследованных видов выше по сравнению с менее продуктивными лугами, существующими в условиях дефицита увлажнения. Пастбищные нагрузки, оказывающие отрицательное воздействие на луговые пастбищные травостои, вызывают не только сокращение запасов общей биомассы лугового сообщества, но и изменение индивидуальных функциональных признаков видов растений, их образующих.
Библиографические ссылки
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9
Zhang, C. P., H. Min, X. Zheng, X. Q. Yu, H. Zhang, and Y. F. Wu. "Detection and Molecular Characterization of a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’-Related Strain Infecting Sasa fortunei in China." Plant Disease 93, no. 5 (May 2009): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-5-0554a.
Full textAbstract:
Bamboos are ecologically and economically valuable plants. Young shoots of almost all species are edible, either raw or cooked, and are major components of Asian cuisine while culms are used for furniture or handicrafts as well as fuel wood. Symptoms indicative of phytoplasma disease were observed on Sasa fortunei (van Houtte) Fiori during a survey in Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China during 2007. Symptoms included internode shortening, a mosaic pattern on leaves of diminished size, stunted growth, and death of entire plants. Total nucleic acids were extracted from leaf veins of 10 diseased plants and 6 symptomless plants with a modified cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) method (1). Phytoplasma infection of plants was demonstrated by a nested PCR assay employing primer pair R16mF2/R16mR1 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 (2), which generated a 16S rDNA product of approximately 1.2 kb from all symptomatic plants only. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis by digestion of nested PCR products with restriction enzymes AluI and MseI indicated that S. fortunei plants contained group 16SrI (aster yellows), subgroup B phytoplasmas. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of phytoplasma 16S rDNA from S. fortunei (GenBank Accession No. FJ501958) revealed this strain to be very similar (99.7 and 99.6%, respectively) to phytoplasmas previously associated with Henon bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra) witches'-broom (GenBank Accession No. AB242433) (4) and sasa (S. borealis) witches'-broom (GenBank Accession No. AB293421) in Korea but less so (98.6%) to bamboo (Phyllostachys spp.) witches'-broom (GenBank Accession No. AY635145) disease in China (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a ‘Ca. Phytoplasma asteris’-related strain infecting S. fortunei in China. References: (1) E. Angelini et al. Vitis 40:79, 2001. (2) D. E. Gundersen and I.-M. Lee. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 35:144, 1996. (3) C. Hong et al. Plant Prot. 31:39, 2005. (4) H. Jung et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 72:261, 2006.
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Khomsiyah, Siti, Qurrata Ayun, and Reni Eka Evi Susanti. "Pengembangan Metode Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Untuk Menentukan Kadar Boraks Dengan memanfaatkan Senyawa antosianin dari Ekstrak Buah Naga Sebagai Indikator." Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya 1, no. 2 (September 11, 2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36526/jc.v1i2.803.
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Belitz, H. D. and Grosch, W., 1999, Food Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Springer, GermanyCitramukti, I. 2008. Ekstraksi dan uji kualitas pigmen antosianin pada kulit buah naga merah(Hylocereus costaricensis.). Skripsi.Jurusan Teknologi HasilPertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Malang.Dreisbach, R.H.Handbook of Poisoning, 8th ed. Lange Medical Publication,Los Altos,Calirornia.1974; 314-315Flanaga, R.J.,Braithwaite,R.A.,Brown,S.S.,Widdop,B.,de Wolff,F.A.Basic AnalyticalToxicology, World Healt Organization. Geneva1995; 85Fuad, N.R., 2014, Identifikasi Kandungan Boraks Pada Tahu Pasar Tradisional Di DaerahCiputat: Skripsi. Jakarta. Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu KesehatanGoodman, LS,, Gilman, A. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 5th ed. MacmillanPublishing Co.,Inc,NY.1975; 994 – 995.Gosselin, R.E.,Smith,Robert P.,Hodge,H.C.,Clinical Toxicology of CommercialProducts, 5th ed London.66-68.Haddad, L.M.,Winchester,J.F. Borats on Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose.WB Saunders Co. Philadelphia-London-Montreal- Toronto-Sydney-Tokyo.1990; 1447-1449.Harborne, J. B.,1987, Metode Fitokimia Edisi ke-2, a.b. Padmawinata, K., Soediro, I., InstitutTeknologi Bandung, BandungHendayana, Sumar.1994.Kimia Analitik Instrumen.Semarang:IKIP Semarang Press. Khopkar, S.M. 1983. Konsep Dasar Kimia Analitik (Terjemahan). Bombay : IndianInstitute of Technology.Kristanto, D. 2008. Buah Naga: Pembudidayaan di Pot dan di Kebun. Jakarta: PenebarSwadaya,Li, C.W., et al. 2006. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of red pitaya. JournalFood Chemistry. Vol 95: 319-327.Markakis, P. 1982. Anthocyanins as Food Additives. Di dalam Anthocyanins as Food Colors.Markakis, P. (ed). 1982. Academic Press. New York.Mulyono, HAM. 2012. Membuat Reagen Kimia di Laboratorium. Jakarta : PT BumiAksaraNaderi, Nassim et al. 2012. Caracterication and Quantification of Dragon Fruit(Hylocereus polyrhzus) Betacyanin Pigments Extracted by Two Procedures. PertanikaJ.Trop.Agric 35(1): 33-40.Moulana, R, Efektivitas Penggunaan Jenis Pelarut dan Asam dalam Proses Ekstraksi PigmenAntosianin Kelopak Bungan Rosella, Jurnal Forum Teknik , Universitas Syah Kuala,Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Vol 4, No 3, 2012.Putra, A.K. 2009. Formalin dan Boraks pada Makanan. Bandung: Institut Teknologi BandungRein, M., 2005, Copigmentation Reactions and Color Stability of Berry Anthocyanin, AcademicDissertation, Helsinki: University of HeslinkiReynold, J. E. F. Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 28th ed. The pharmaceutical Press.London. 1982; 337, 432.Swastika, S., Y. Nurmili dan S. Suhendri. 2012. Hama dan Penyakit Buah Naga. BalaiPengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Riau - Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan PertanianKementerian Pertanian. PekanbaruSvehla, G. 1990. Vogel : Buku Teks Analisis Anorganik Kualitatif Makro dan Semimikro.Bagian II. Jakarta : PT. Kalman Media PustakaTensiska, dkk., Ekstraksi Pewarna Dari Buah Arben dan Aplikasinya dalam Sistem Pangan,Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Fakultas Pertanian, UNPAD, Vol 6, 2006.Vargas, F. Natural Pigments: Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, and Betalains-Characteristics,Biosynthesis, Processing, and Stability. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.2000; 40Waladi et al. 2015. Pemanfaatan Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) SebagaiBahan Tambahan Dalam Pembuatan Es Krim. Jom Faperta, Vol. 2, No. 1.Winarno,F.G dan Titi Sulistyowati,†Bahan Tambahan Untuk Makanan danKontaminasiâ€, Pustaka SinarHarapan, Jakarta,1992,101-08Winarno, F.G.,Sulistyowati, Titi. Bahan Tambahan untuk Makanan dan Kontaminan.Pustaka Sinar Harapan. Jakarta. 1994; 104-105, 108.Woodward,G, et al. 2009. "Anthocyanin stability and recovery: implications for theanalysisofclinical and experimental samples".J. Agric. FoodChem.57 (12):5271–8.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "2007 h-996"
1
Dinpajouh, Mona. "Russian Foreign Policy Towards Iran Under Vladimir Putin: 2000 - 2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610874/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyses the foreign policy of Russia towards Iran during Vladimir Putin&rsquos presidency. This thesis examines energy, security and regional issues in relation to the cooperation between these two states. Contrary to the view that Russia&rsquo
s relation with Iran is an example of strategic partnership, this thesis argues that Russia does not consider Iran as a strategic partner due to her own global ambitions. Russia just seeks to keep Iran under her sphere of influence. In fact, Russia&rsquo
s is not willing to consider Iran as a strategic partner due to the differences in state structures and national interests of these states. This thesis has six chapters. The first chapter is the introductory chapter. The second chapter gives a historical background on Russian &ndash
Iranian relations until Vladimir Putin&rsquo
s rise to presidency in 2000. The third chapter discusses the role of energy, while the fourth chapter analyses the importance of security issues and their effects on the dynamics of &ldquo
cooperation&rdquo
between Russia and Iran. The fifth chapter discusses regional dimension of Russia&rsquo
s relations with Iran. Final chapter is the conclusion.
2
Demydova, Viktoriia 05064827121. "The Rise Of Russian Nationalism Under Vladimir Putin: 2000 - 2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612332/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis aims to discuss the process of nation-building and discourse of Russian nationalism of the Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2000 - 2008. It focuses on the rise of the nationalism in Russia since 2000 and analyzes discourse of nationalism at the state level, in culture and religious sphere, as well as its representation in various ultra right-wing political movements. The thesis argues that despite the ethnic elements in Vladimir Putin&rsquos discourse of Russian nationalism, his version of nationalism is not ethnic, but rather multiethnic and inclusive that seeks to promote loyalty to the Russian state among the Russian citizens without eliminating their ethnic identities. In fact, Putin&rsquo
s version of nationalism is multidimensional. Unlike ethnicity, religion and other cultural elements, the loyalty to the state constitute the core of this nationalism. The thesis comprises of four main chapters. After the introduction chapter, the second chapter examines the main projects of the Russian nation-building and identity construction that emerged after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, and explains which of them were chosen by the leadership of the republic. The third chapter focuses on the discussion of the nation-building under Boris Yeltsin. The fourth chapter is the analysis of Vladimir Putin&rsquo
s nation-building policy and his discourse of nationalism. The fifth chapter analyses the foreign policy of Vladimir Putin, paying attention to policy towards compatriots in the near abroad, countries of the CIS and West. The concluding chapter discusses the main findings of the thesis.
3
Karakuzu, Miray. "Determinants Of Innovation Behaviour: Analysis Of 2004-2006 Technological Innovation Survey Of Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611897/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Main purpose of this thesis is to analyse the main determinants affecting innovation behaviour by utilizing the results of Technological Innovation Survey of Turkey for the periods 2004-2006 combined with the results of Annual Business Statistics Surveys conducted for the year 2003. The total number of the observations of the matched data of the two Surveys is 947. Main underlying reason for the time lag introduced between the two surveys is to be able to relate firm and sector characteristics to the innovation behaviour in following years.
Logit model is established with three main dependent variables as firms doing product innovation, process innovation and either one of them. According to result of the analysis, four main areas are found to be promoting the innovation behaviour in firms. Firstly, as the firm size increases, the probability of engaging in innovation is found to be affected positively. Secondly, firms having foreign share also has more tendency for innovation. This result is surprising and disproof the initial assumption related with foreign share, since foreign investment is found to be a hindering factor in some previous studies in developing countries. Thirdly having intellectual property rights is positively related with innovation behaviour. Last positively affecting factor is engaging in R&D, which is presumable. Three factors are found to be insignificant as Export Status, Import Penetration and Tariff Rate. The relationship between foreign trade and innovation behaviour could not be justified which is mainly due to lack of data reliability.
4
Dogan, Basak. "The Integration Process Of Romania Into The Eu: 1989 - 2007." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608969/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
THE INTEGRATION PROCESS OF ROMANIA INTO THE EU:
1989 &ndash2007 Dogan, Basak Master of Science, Department of European Studies Supervisor : Assist. Prof. Dr. Oktay F. Tanrisever October 2007, 97 pages This thesis examines the political and socio economic transformation of Romania during its integration process into the European Union (EU) between 1989-2007. The thesis also explores the impact of the communist heritage on Romania&rsquo
s relations with the EU in the post-Communist period. The main objective of the thesis is to examine why EU rushed to accept Romania as a full member although Romania didnot fulfil all of the membership requirements of the EU until 2007. The main argument of this thesis is that the EU accepted Romania as a full member despite Romania&rsquo
s inability to meet all of the membership requirements of the EU can be explained EU&rsquo
s expectation that it would be easier to eradicate Romania&rsquo
s Communist heritage after Romania&rsquo
s EU membership. The thesis has six chapters, including Introduction and Conclusion chapters. Thesecond chapter explores the historical background of Romania. The third chapter examines Romania&rsquo
s EU integration process between 1989 and 1999 The fourth chapter analyzes Romania&rsquo
s negotiation process with the EU between 2000 and 2004. The fifth chapter discusses the EU&rsquo
s evaluation of the Romania&rsquo
s progress after the completion of Romania&rsquo
s negotiations with the EU. Keywords: Romania, EU, Conditionality, Negotiation, Post-Communist Transition
5
Samanchina, Jarkyn B. "U.s. Foreign Policy Toward Central Asia: 1991-2003." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605108/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyzes the U.S. foreign policy in Central Asia from 1991 until 2003. The U.S. has been involved in the process of democratization and economic reforms in the Central Asian countries since the collapse of the Soviet Union. However, prior to September 11, 2001 events, the U.S. policies toward the five newly independent states, had not been as assertive as in the aftermath of the tragic events. The thesis will argue that the U.S. foreign policy toward Central Asia has steadily developed over time due to geopolitical and geo-economic factors. The U.S. policy culminated in the new strategic cooperation between the U.S. and the Central Asian states on the issue of terrorism. The thesis will demonstrate how the U.S. moved away from being almost a benign observer in the mid-1990s, to an assertive state interested in exercising its influence in the region after 2000.
6
Sulejmanovic, Selma. "Russia And The Kosovo Conflict: 1998-2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609472/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to study Russian foreign policy towards Kosovo during the period between 1998 and 2008 in light of the school of thought that claims that Russia's foreign policy toward Kosovo resembles the Cold War confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union. This thesis argues that Russia&rsquo
s role in the Kosovo war and its aftermath is motivated by Russia&rsquo
s interest in being seen as a great power in international system rather than using Kosovo in order to confront the United States. Besides an introduction and conclusion, the thesis consists of four main chapters. The second chapter presents historical background and discusses Russian foreign policy during the wars of secession in Yugoslavia. The third chapter focuses on Russian foreign policy and the 1998 &ndash
1999 war in Kosovo, while the fourth chapter covers the Russian role in the post-conflict settlement in Kosovo. Finally, the fifth chapter deals with Russian foreign policy as it relates to the resolved Kosovo situation.
7
Bora, Asli. "The South Ossetian- Georgian Conflict: 1990-2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611260/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the South Ossetian- Georgian conflict and its internationalization
especially since the Rose revolution in Georgia in 2003. The main objective of the thesis
is to examine the changes in the rivalry between Russia and the United States over the
Caucasus and their effects on the relations between Georgia and the South Ossetia. The
thesis argues that the development of the conflict between Georgia and the South Ossetia
has been shaped by the changes in the level of involvement by Russia and the United
States rather than the bilateral relations between Tbilisi and Tskhinvali. Thus,
international and systematic factors are more determining than local dynamics of this
conflict.
The thesis has six chapters, including the introduction and conclusion chapters. After the
introduction, the second chapter examines the ethnic origins of the Ossetians and the
Georgians as well as historical background of their relations. The third chapter analyzes
the sources of the conflict and the 1991-1992 war between Georgia and the South
Ossetia. The fourth chapter discusses the 2003 Rose revolution in Georgia and its affects
on Georgia&rsquos relations with the Western powers, namely the United States and the European Union. The fifth chapter examines the worsening relations between Russia and Georgia after the Rose revolution as well as the Russian-Georgian War in 2008 with its international consequences.
8
Yildirim, Yesim. "Nato And The Fight Against Transnational Terrorism:2001-2010." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612544/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyzes the evolution of the policies, strategies and actions of NATO within the context of the fight against transnational terrorism. The thesis focuses on the post 9/11 period. After the 9/11 events, the security perceptions of NATO changed dramatically and the threat of transnational terrorism emerged as a prominent challenge to the security of all members of NATO so the fight against terrorism became a key priority for NATO. Consequently, the NATO experienced a significant transformation since 2001 in order to have an effective and active role in the fight against transnational terrorism. In this thesis, Afghanistan operation of NATO is evaluated in terms of NATO&rsquos readiness to deal with soft security threats such as transnational terrorism effectively. The thesis argues that despite the significant achievements of NATO in the fight against terrorism in Afghanistan, NATO has not yet become quite effective in dealing with transnational terrorism since the Alliance is still primarily designed to deal with conventional hard security threats. This thesis has five main chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. In the second chapter NATO&rsquo
s security concerns and its stance with regard to terrorism in the Cold War and post-Cold War era is discussed. The third chapter continues with the examination of NATO&rsquo
s transformation after the 9/11 attacks in terms of fight against transnational terrorism. The fourth chapter explores the Afghanistan operation of NATO. The fifth chapter is the conclusion.
9
Sengul, Irem. "The Lebanese-syrian Relations Between 1989-2005: The Changes And Continuities." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613456/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the bilateral relations between Lebanon
and Syria between the years 1989-2005. In the defined time period, the Lebanese-Syrian
relations were characterized by the establishment and fall of the Syrian domination over
Lebanon. This study focuses on this transformation in their relations and mainly
questions how the Lebanese-Syrian relations were transformed, how it affected and in
turn were affected by the broader regional setting.
Accordingly, the thesis is consistent of four main parts. In each historically
divided time period, the major determinants of the direction of their relations and the
changes and continuities in regard to these determinants are investigated. In the first
part, the study focuses on the historical evolution of their relations with due attention to
the dispatchment of Lebanon from Greater Syria and post-independence period. In the
second part, their relations are analyzed in the era of Lebanese civil war which also
signifies the beginning of active and effective Syrian involvement in Lebanese affairs.
The third part encompasses the period of unquestioned Syrian domination over Lebanon
in the post-civil war period up until the year 2000. In the fourth part, the changes in the
direction of their relations studied in relate to the role of changing international and
regional environment in affecting their relations.
10
Uzmez, Sena. "Iranian Nuclear Crisis And Its Impact On Us-iranian Relations Between 1953-2008." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612879/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
IRANIAN NUCLEAR CRISIS
AND
ITS IMPACT ON US-IRANIAN RELATIONS BETWEEN 1953-2008
Üzmez, Sena M.S., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ö
zlem Tü
r December 2010, 101 pages This thesis analyzes the U.S.-Iran relations in accordance with Iranian Nuclear Crisis from a historical perspective. Analyzing the U.S.-Iran relations since 1953 until 2008, it is possible to see that as the two countries&rsquo
perceptions towards each other change, their policies towards the nuclear issue change, too. While nuclear developments were not a threat for the two states that were close allies during the Shah Era, the perceptions totally changed after the Islamic Revolution. However, even if US and Iran started to perceive each other as a threat, nuclear issue lost its importance because of Khomeini&rsquo
s approach in this period. With the September 11, 2001 attacks, the American approach has changed not only regarding the Middle East, but also regarding the nuclear issue in Iran. The Nuclear Crisis that started in 2002 by the announcement of secret nuclear centrals escalated to its peak with the election of Ahmedinejad as the president. Different historical facts that were experienced at different periods shaped perceptions of two nations towards each other. As these perceptions change towards each other, their perceptions regarding the nuclear issue and their policies have changed, too. In this study, how these two nations&rsquo
perceptions towards each other were shaped and their approaches regarding the nuclear issue influenced by the historical events will be examined and analyzed.
Books on the topic "2007 h-996"
1
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of H. Res. 994, expressing the sense of the House of Representatives on the fifth anniversary of the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001: Report (to accompany H. Res. 996). Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.
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2
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Providing for consideration of H.R. 2965, Federal Prison Industries Competition in Contracting Act of 2006: Report (to accompany H. Res. 997). Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.
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3
United States. Office of the Senior Coordinator for International Women's Issues. and United States. Office of the Under Secretary for Global Affairs., eds. Report on female genital mutilation as required by Conference Report (H. rept. 106-997) to Public Law 106-429: (Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2001). Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 2002.
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4
Relations, United States Congress House Committee on International. Iran/Libya Sanctions Extension Act; reauthorization of the Tropical Forest Conservation Act of 1998 through FY 2004 ...: Markups before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, on H.R. 1954, H.R. 2131, H. Res. 160, and H. Res. 99, June 13 and June 20, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.
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5
United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats. Urging the EU to add Hezbollah to its wide-ranging list of terrorist organizations; and expressing condolences and sympathy to the people of the Kingdom of Spain for the March 11, 2004 terrorist attacks in Madrid: Markup before the Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, on H. Res. 101 and H. Res. 99, March 8, 2005. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.
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6
Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of The Conterminous United States And Alaska, Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of AZ And NM, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-562-H, 2000 (CD-ROM). [S.l: s.n., 2000.
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7
Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of The Conterminous United States And Alaska, Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of AZ And NM, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-562-H, 2000 (CD-ROM). [S.l: s.n., 2000.
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8
Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of The Conterminous United States And Alaska, Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys Of AZ And NM, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-562-H, 2000 (CD-ROM). [S.l: s.n., 2000.
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9
Culture of Human Stem Cells (Culture of Specialized Cells). Wiley-Liss, 2007.
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10
Culture of Human Stem Cells. Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited, John, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "2007 h-996"
1
Taber, Douglass F. "Benzene Derivatives: The Tanino-Miyashita Synthesis of Zoanthenol." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0061.
Full textAbstract:
Yuqing Hou of Southern Illinois University found (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 6362) that the peroxy ether 2 served effectively to directly transfer a methoxy group to the lithiated 1 to give 3. Wanzhi Chen of Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, showed (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 7203) that pyrimidines such as 4, readily prepared from the corresponding phenol, underwent smooth Pd-catalyzed ortho acetoxylation. Trond Vidar Hansen of the University of Oslo observed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 6339) that simple electrophilic formylation of phenols such as 6 also proceeded with high ortho selectivity. Kyung Woon Jung of the University of Southern California optimized (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 6231) the Rh catalyst for ortho C-H insertion, converting 8 into 9. Jin-Quan Yu of Scripps/La Jolla devised (Science 2010, 327, 315) a protocol for carboxy-directed catalytic ortho palladation that allowed subsequent Heck coupling, transforming 10 into 11. Norikazu Miyoshi of the University of Tokushima established (Chem. Lett. 2009, 38, 996) that in situ generated strontium alkyls added 1,6 to benzoic acid 13, to give, after mild oxidative workup, the 4-alkyl benzoic acid 15. Amin Zarei of Islamic Azad University showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4443) that their previously developed protocol for preparing stable diazonium silica sulfates could be extended to the preparation of an aryl azide such as 17. Stephen L. Buchwald of MIT developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12898) a Pd-mediated protocol for the conversion of aryl chlorides to the corresponding nitro aromatics. Virgil Percec of the University of Pennsylvania has also reported (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4974) the conversion of an aryl chloride to the borane, and Guy C. Lloyd-Jones has described (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7612) the conversion of phenols to the corresponding thiols. Kwang Ho Song of Korea University and Sunwoo Lee of Chonnam National University demonstrated (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 6358) that the Ni-mediated homologation of aryl halides worked with a variety of primary and secondary formamides. Kwangyong Park of Chung-Ang University observed (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 9566) that Ni catalysts also mediated the coupling of Grignard reagents with the tosylate 22 not in the usual way but with the C-S bond to give 23.
2
Taber, Douglass. "Preparation of Benzene Derivatives: The Barrett Syntheses of Dehydroaltenuene B and 15G256β." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0064.
Full textAbstract:
Several new methods for the direct functionalization of Ar-H have appeared. Hisao Yoshida of Nagoya University observed (Chem. Comm. 2008, 4634) that under irradiation, TiO2 in water effected meta hydroxylation of benzonitrile 1 to give the phenol 2. Anisole showed ortho selectivity, while halo and alkyl aromatics gave mixtures. Melanie S. Sanford of the University of Michigan reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 13285) a complementary study of Pd-catalyzed ortho acetoxylation. Jin-Quan Yu of Scripps/La Jolla developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 5215) a Pd-catalyzed protocol for ortho halogenation of aromatic carboxylates such as 3. A related protocol (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 17676) led to ortho arylation. Trond Vidar Hansen of the University of Oslo devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 4443) a one-pot procedure for the net ortho cyanation of phenols such as 5 to the salicylnitrile 6. Robin B. Bedford of the University of Bristol, Andrew J. M. Caffyn of the University of the West Indies and Sanjiv Prashar of the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos established (Chem. Comm. 2008, 990) a Rh-catalyzed protocol for ortho arylation of phenols such as 7. Laurent Désaubry of the Université Louis Pasteur observed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 4588) regioselective coupling of unsymmetrical difluorobenzenes such as 9 to give the ether 10. Fuk Yee Kwong of Hong Kong Polytechnic University extended (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 6402) Pd-mediated amination to the notoriously difficult mesylates, such as 11. John F. Hartwig of the University of Illinois reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 13848) a related method for the amination of aryl tosylates. Hong Liu of the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica found (Organic Lett. 2008, 10, 4513) that the Fe-catalyzed amination of aryl halides such as 13 sometimes gave mixtures of regioisomers. Hideki Yorimitsu and Koichiro Oshima of Kyoto University effected (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 5833) Ag-catalyzed Grignard cross coupling with aryl halides, converting 15 into 16. Note that silyl aromatics such as 16 are readily reduced under dissolving metal conditions to give allyl silanes.
3
"Whirling Disease: Reviews and Current Topics." In Whirling Disease: Reviews and Current Topics, edited by ERIC J. WAGNER. American Fisheries Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569377.ch19.
Full textAbstract:
<EM>ABSTRACT. </EM>Whirling disease occurs in salmonid fishes infected by the myxosporean parasite <em>Myxobolus cerebralis</em>. This review summarizes the literature regarding control and management of the disease. Suggested methods for killing the myxospore stage include thorough drying, heating for 10 min at 90°C, calcium hydroxide at more than 0.5% for 24 h, and calcium oxide or KOH at more than 0.25% for 24 h. Chlorine was also effective at 1600 ppm in 24-h exposure or 5,000 ppm in a 10-min exposure. Roccal (alkyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride) at more than 200 ppm active ingredient was also effective. Calcium cyanide at 4,000 kg/ha has been used effectively for control in infected ponds. Treating incoming water with 2537 Å of ultraviolet (UV) light at dosages greater than or equal to 35,000 microwatt-sec/cm<sup>2</sup> was effective in preventing infection of rainbow trout fry. Filtration of water through a 25 µm commercial filter cartridge did not reduce or eliminate the disease, but sand-charcoal filters have been used successfully in France. Prophylactic treatment of incoming water with 0.5 ppm chlorine for 2 h once a week over a 4 month period reduced infection by 63–73%. Electrical charges of 1–3 kV pulsed for 1–25 times at 99 µsec per pulse have killed a high proportion of the triactinomyxon stage. Triactinomyxons were also inactivated by 260 ppm chlorine as sodium hypochlorite, 10% hydrogen peroxide for 10 min, or 50% povidone-iodine for 10 min. Various drugs have been tested, some of which reduced the level of infection but failed to eliminate the parasite. Management strategies to control the disease include control of the worm host and its habitat, stocking larger fish into infected waters, not stocking infected fish, education, enforcement of disease regulations, and stocking less susceptible species.
4
"Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology." In Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology, edited by Kenneth G. Ostrand, Gayle B. Zydlewski, William L. Gale, and Joseph D. Zydlewski. American Fisheries Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874271.ch9.
Full textAbstract:
<i>Abstract</i>.—To track individuals in situ, over 12 million salmon and trout have been marked with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in the Columbia River Basin, USA. However, few studies have examined long term tag retention as well as tag effects on juvenile salmon and trout. We marked juvenile coho salmon <i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</I> (<I>N</I> = 207), steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout) <i>O. mykiss</I> (<I>N</I> = 221), cutthroat trout <i>O. clarkii</I> (<I>N</I> = 202) and bull trout <i>Salvelinus</I> <i>confluentus</I> (<I>N</I> = 180) with 12, 19, or 23 mm PIT tags and examined tag retention, survival, growth, and physiological performance over a six month period in a laboratory environment. PIT tag retention rates were high for coho salmon (100%), steelhead (95%), cutthroat trout (97%), and bull trout (99%), regardless of tag size. Survival was also high for coho (99%), steelhead (99%), cutthroat trout (97%), and bull trout (88%) and did not vary among tag sizes. Short term individual growth rates for coho salmon marked with 12 mm tags were significantly higher than those marked with 19 mm and 23 mm PIT tags. Likewise, steelhead trout individual growth rates were lower for fish marked with 23 mm PIT tags followed by 19 and 12 mm tags. Conversely, long-term growth rates were positive and not affected by tag size. There were no significant effects of tag size or marking on coho gill Na+, K+, -ATPase activity (μmol ADP x mg protein<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) and plasma osmolality (μmol kg<sup>–1</sup>) or bull trout hepatosomatic indices. Our study suggests that marking juvenile salmonids with PIT tags results in high retention with little effect upon their survival, growth, and important physiological indicators regardless of tag size in a laboratory environment.
5
Bertorini, Tulio E. "A Woman with Limb Swelling and Pain This case was reported by Owens W, Bertorini T, Holt H Jr, Shadle M: Diffuse fasciitis with eosinophilia (Shulman syndrome). J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 6(2):99–101, 2004." In Neuromuscular Case Studies, 581–83. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-7332-7.50103-3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "2007 h-996"
1
Uhlenwinkel, V., L. Achelis, and L. Mädler. "New Atomization Process to Achieve High Production Rates During Thermal Spraying of Thick Coatings." In ITSC2008, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2008p0050.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Because of their characteristic spray geometry, pressure-gas-atomizers can be used to create thick coatings from molten metal. Production rates of pressure-gas-atomizers are substantially higher compared to conventional Thermal Spraying (100 – 200 kg/h based on molten tin). The shape of the spray cone can be designed by the geometry of the atomizer. The mean particle sizes and velocities (molten tin and tin-copper alloys) are controlled by the gas flow. Powder products and coatings of several millimeters on steel substrates were investigated. The average density of the layer was higher than 99%.
2
Stevens, Howard, and Gerard Laurent. "Treatment of Irradiated Graphite From French Bugey Reactor." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96167.
Full textAbstract:
In 2008, following the general French plan for nuclear waste management, Électricité de France attempted to find for irradiated graphite an alternative solution to direct storage at the low-activity long-life storage center in France managed by the national agency for wastes (ANDRA). EDF management requested that its engineering arm, EDF CIDEN, study the graphite treatment alternatives to direct storage. In mid-2008, this study revealed the potential advantage for EDF to use a steam reforming process known as THermal Organic Reduction, “THOR” (owned by Studsvik, Inc., USA), to treat or destroy the graphite matrix and limit the quantity of secondary waste to be stored. In late 2009, EDF began a test program with Studsvik to determine if the THOR steam reforming process could be used to destroy the graphite. The program also sought to determine if the graphite could be treated to release the bulk of activity while minimizing the gasification of the bulk mass of the graphite. In October 2009, tests with non-irradiated graphite were completed and demonstrated destruction of a graphite matrix by the THOR process at satisfactory rates. After gasifying the graphite, focus shifted to the effect of roasting graphite at high temperatures in inert gases with low concentrations of oxidizing gases to preferentially remove volatile radionuclides while minimizing the graphite mass loss to 5%. A radioactive graphite sleeve was imported from France to the US for these tests. Completed in April 2010, ‘Phase I’ of testing showed that the process removed >99% of H-3 and 46% of C-14 with <6% mass loss. Completed in September 2011, ‘Phase II’ testing achieved increased removals as high as 80% C-14. During Phase II, it was also discovered that roasting in a reducing atmosphere helped to limit the oxidation of the graphite. Future work seeks to explore the effects of reducing gases to limit the bulk oxidation of graphite. If the graphite could be decontaminated of long-lived radionuclides up to 95% for C-14 while minimizing mass loss to <5%, this would minimize the volume of any secondary waste streams and potentially lower the waste class of the larger bulk of graphite. Alternatively, if up to 95% decontamination of C-14 is achieved, the graphite may be completely gasified which could result in lower disposal volumes.
3
Bannister, R. L., P. W. Pillsbury, R. C. Diehl, and P. J. Loftus. "Recent Test Results in the Direct Coal-Fired 80 MW Combustion Turbine Program." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-058.
Full textAbstract:
Under sponsorship of the Morgantown Energy Technology Center of the Department of Energy, the Westinghouse Electric Corporation and Avco Research Laboratory/Textron (ARL) are developing a direct coal-fired 80-MW combustion turbine. This is to be an element in a 207-MW direct coal-fired combustion turbine combined cycle, comprising another combustion turbine, a heat-recovery steam generator, and a steam turbine. Following conceptual and economic studies, the first experimental task has been to develop a direct coal-fired slagging combustor in small scale. A year’s testing with this unit has now been accomplished. It is thus possible to discuss experimental results in the areas of slag management, general combustor operability, coal fuel feed, heat loss, pressure loss, combustion efficiency, and emissions. Westinghouse and ARL selected the slagging combustor for use in this program because of its unique ability to accept inexpensive standard utility-type coal without sending excessive pollutants and particulates to the expander-turbine. It accomplishes this by burning the coal at a temperature high enough to melt the ash, and then removing the molten slag with an impact separator. This combustor is also of the rich-lean type, which allows it to emit very low levels of NOx. Sulfur oxides are controlled through injection of a sorbent which combines with gaseous forms of sulfur in the rich zone, and then takes them out with the slag. The plan in this program is to develop the slagging combustor in small scale at 12 million Btu/h (12.66 million kJ/h) heat input, 6 atmospheres pressure, and then move to design and verification testing of a full-scale 70 million Btu/h (73.85 million kJ/h), 14-atmosphere unit. It is with the smaller burner that this paper is concerned. During this period, coals have been fed into the 6-atm combustor exclusively in the dry-pulverized form with air as the carrier gas. To date, high- and low-sulfur eastern bituminous, and low-sulfur western subbituminous coals have been evaluated, with, and without sorbents, which have included various calcium and iron containing minerals. Coal samples have been of the 200 mesh size, and have not been beneficiated. Combustor operation has been efficient and repeatable and slag flow has been symmetrical and manageable. Slag removal has been greater than 90 percent and carbon burnout has been greater than 99 percent. Nitrogen oxide emissions meet the goals of EPA’s NSPS for coal-fired plants. Current tests are focused on the goal of 90 percent sulfur removal. Although some results are available, various sorbents and injection techniques continue under test.
4
Liu, Xiaobing, Chengyun Guo, Neeraj Rama, Frans Theunissen, Pete Olin, Gang Ling, Yang Pan, Sara Mohon, Keith Van Maanen, and Wei Chen. "Vehicle Control Development - Converting a Medium-Duty Commercial Truck into a Battery Electric Vehicle." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2047.
Full textAbstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The transition towards electrification in commercial vehicles has received more attention in recent years. This paper details the conversion of a production Medium-Duty class-5 commercial truck, originally equipped with a gasoline engine and 10-speed automatic transmission, into a battery electric vehicle (BEV). The conversion process involved the removal of the internal combustion engine, transmission, and differential unit, followed by the integration of an ePropulsion system, including a newly developed dual-motor beam axle that propels the rear wheels. Other systems added include an 800V/99 kWh battery pack, advanced silicon carbide (SiC) inverters, an upgraded thermal management system, and a DC fast charging system.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A key part of the work was the development of the propulsion system controls, which prioritized drivability, NVH suppression, and energy optimization. The improvement of the electrified truck compared to the gasoline version in responsiveness and reduced noise emissions underscores the efficacy of the BEV's design. This enhanced performance was substantiated by a quantifiable reduction in brake use, resulting in improved energy efficiency.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the development, implementation, and verification of the vehicle control systems, including the interface with the existing production vehicle controllers, the inverter control strategy, a one-pedal driving function, the management of the DC fast charging protocols, a thermal management system, fault diagnosis algorithms, and an intuitive in-vehicle display interface. Performance evaluations have demonstrated a remarkable 40%+ improvement in the BEV's 0-100 km/h acceleration compared to the gasoline-powered stock vehicle. The paper also addresses some obstacles encountered during the electrification process.</div></div>
5
Guo, T. M., H. Li, M. J. Braun, and G. X. Wang. "Interface Shape and Melt Flow Near the Solid-Liquid Interface During Horizontal Unidirectional Solidification." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43664.
Full textAbstract:
Generally, unindirectional solidification experiments of transparent alloys are conducted using thin film samples sandwiched between two glass slides with a small channel height[1]. In such systems, natural convection and melt flow can be assumed negligible and the solification process is diffusive in nature [2,3]; these physical realities allow fundamental simplifications in theoretical/numerical modeling, without losing physical significance. However, natural convection and melt flow do exist in all actual solidification processes and have a significant effect on interface morphology and microstructure formation and development. Recognizing the latter, a great deal of effort went in recent years towards the investigation of the effect of melt flow on interface dynamics and morphology [3–5]. The objective of this paper is to study the natural convection and melt flow near the solid-liquid interface during horizontal unidirectional solidification. In particular, the authors are interested in the melt flow and solid-liquid interface under various channel heights (H) and temperature differences across the hot and cold ends (ΔT) of the samples. A horizontal unindirectional solidification experimental system was constructed. The samples used here are rectangular ampoules made of borosilicate glass that is 3.2 mm thick (on bottom and top sides) and 2.3 mm thick (on the vertical sides). The channel formed in the sample is 75 mm long and 50 mm wide. Three ampoules with channel heights of 1, 3.2 and 5 mm, respectively, are used in these experiments. The ampoules are filled with succinonitrile (99% pure) seeded with polyamide tracer particles (5 μm in diameter, density ρ=1030 kg/m3); the latter are used to resolve and visualize the fluid velocity in the melt. Surface temperatures of the sample on the hot end and cold end are measured with J-type thermocouples. The unidirectional solifification setup is mounted on a microscope stage so that the interface can be observed from the top with the regular microscope. A long distance microscope (LDM) affixed either to a photo- or video- camera is used to observe the vertical shape of the interface, as well as to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the flow. During experiments, the sample is allowed to reach both thermally and flow-wise a steady state situation. The heating and cooling systems are adjusted to make the solid-liquid interface stay at the center of the gap between the heating and cooling chambers for case of observation. The density of polymide particle being close to that of succinonitrile melt allows an almost neutrally buoyant behavior of the tracing particles and thus minimizes the error in flow velocity calculations as well as enhances confidence in the observed qualitative flow patterns. With the help of proprietary computer software, the flow velocity is obtained by evaluating the difference in successive two images of the same particle at time intervals consistent with the sampling speed of video-camera (0.033 sec).
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Pilot, Guy, Sylvain Fauvel, Xavier Gosse, and Guillaume de Dinechin. "Dismantling of Evaporators by Laser Cutting: Measurement of Secondary Emissions." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89709.
Full textAbstract:
In order to dismantle the evaporators of an obsolete reprocessing plant in Marcoule, studies were carried out by IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Suˆrete´ Nucle´aire)/DSU/SERAC in cooperation with CEA (power laser group) on the laser cutting of steel structures, on the request of COGEMA (now AREVA NC)/Marcoule (UP1 dismantling project manager) and CEA/UMODD (UP1 dismantling owner). The aim of these studies was: • to quantify and to characterize the secondary emissions produced by Nd-YAG laser cutting of Uranus 65 steel pieces representative of UP1 evaporator elements and to examine the influence of different parameters, • to qualify a prefiltration technique and particularly an electrostatic precipitator, • to compare the Nd-YAG used with other cutting tools previously studied. The experiments, which took place in a 35 m3 ventilated cutting cell, allow to underline the following points: • for the Uranus 65 steel, the sedimented dross, the deposits on the walls of the cutting cell and the aerosols drawn in the ventilation exhaust duct (∼ 275 m3/h), represent respectively between 92% and 99%, between 0.01% and 0.25% and between 1% and 8% of the total collected mass, • the attached slag varies much from one configuration to the other and can sometimes amount to a relatively important fraction of the total mass, • the kerves vary from 2 mm up to 7 mm for the Uranus 65 steel plates (thickness: 13.8 mm for the single plate and 12.8 + 3.5 mm for the double plate), • the exhausted aerosol mass per cut length (g/m) decreases with the cutting speed, varies neither with the stand-off nor with the gas pressure, is dependent upon the gas nature (for the double plate), increases with the laser power, is strongly affected by the nature of the steel (stainless steel or mild steel) and is independent upon the plate position, • the size distribution of aerosols is multimodal with a main mode often around 0.45 μm, • the electrostatic precipitator has been a satisfactory prefilter in the experiments with a filtration efficiency greater than 85% and the acoustic declogging system was very useful, • compared to other cutting tools already tested in similar conditions (reciprocating saw, 50 A plasma torch, 200 A plasma torch, grinder, 1 kW laser without assistant gas, arc-air and arc saw), the 4 kW laser produced less secondary emissions than all other tools and less aerosols than the other thermal tools.