Academic literature on the topic '2006 d-959'

Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterial pathogen that can cause serious reproductive harm. We describe a class of stochastic branching processes and their application in modelling the growth of an infection by Chlamydia. Using simulations we show that the model can reproduce biological phenomena of interest, and we show the variability in outcomes of infections under the same parameter conditions. We further speculate how this model might be used to explain long-term adverse reproductive sequelae. References Y. M. AbdelRahman and R. J. Belland. The chlamydial developmental cycle. FEMS Microbio. Rev., 29(5):949–959, 2005. doi:10.1016/j.femsre.2005.03.002. T. E. Harris. Branching processes. Ann. Math. Stat., 19(4):474–494, 12 1948. doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730146. C. Jacob. Branching processes: Their role in epidemiology. Int. J. Env. Res. Public Health, 7(3):1186–1204, 2019. doi:10.3390/ijerph7031204. N. Low, M. Egger, J. A. C. Sterne, R. M. Harbord, F. Ibrahim, B. Lindblom, and B. Herrmann. Incidence of severe reproductive tract complications associated with diagnosed genital chlamydial infection: The Uppsala women's cohort study. Sexually Trans. Infect., 82(3):212–218, 2006. doi:10.1136/sti.2005.017186. D. Mallet, M. Bagher-Oskouei, A. Farr, D. Simpson, and K. Sutton. A mathematical model of chlamydial infection incorporating movement of chlamydial particles. Bull. Math. Bio., 75:2257–2270, 10 2013. doi:10.1007/s11538-013-9891-9. H. K. Maxion, W. Liu, M.-H. Chang, and K. A. Kelly. The infecting dose of chlamydia muridarum modulates the innate immune response and ascending infection. Infect. Immun., 72(11):6330–6340, 2004. doi:10.1128/IAI.72.11.6330-6340.2004. S. Menon, P. Timms, J. A. Allan, K. Alexander, L. Rombauts, P. Horner, M. Keltz, J. Hocking, and W. M. Huston. Human and pathogen factors associated with chlamydia trachomatis-related infertility in women. Clinic. Microbio. Rev., 28(4):969–985, 2015. doi:10.1128/CMR.00035-15. D. P. Wilson. Mathematical modelling of chlamydia. In J. Crawford and A. J. Roberts, editors, Proc. of 11th Computational Techniques and Applications Conference CTAC-2003, ANZIAM J., volume 45, pages C201–C214, 2004. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v45i0.883. D. P. Wilson and D. L. S. McElwain. A model of neutralization of chlamydia trachomatis based on antibody and host cell aggregation on the elementary body surface. J. Theor. Bio., 226(3):321–330, 2004. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.09.010. D. P. Wilson, P. Timms, and D. L. S. McElwain. A mathematical model for the investigation of the Th1 immune response to chlamydia trachomatis. Math. Biosci., 182(1):27–44, 2003. doi:10.1016/S0025-5564(02)00180-3.

We present a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) structure based on Kretschmann configuration incorporating bimetallic layers of noble (Ag) and magnetic materials (Ni) over CaF2 prism. Extensive numerical analysis based on transfer matrix theory has been performed to characterize the sensor response considering sensitivity, full width at half maxima, and minimum reflection. Notably, the proposed structure, upon suitably optimizing the thickness of bimetallic layer provides consistent enhancement of sensitivity over other competitive SPR structures. Hence we believe that this proposed SPR sensor could find the new platform for the medical diagnosis, chemical examination and biological detection. Full Text: PDF ReferencesJ. Homola, S.S. Yee, G. Gauglitz, "Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on planar light pipe: theoretical optimization analysis", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 54, 3 (1999). CrossRef X.D. Hoa, A.G. Kirk, M. Tabrizian, "Towards integrated and sensitive surface plasmon resonance biosensors: A review of recent progress", Bioelectron, 23, 151 (2007). CrossRef Z. Lin, L. Jiang, L. Wu, J. Guo, X. Dai, Y. Xiang, D. Fan, "Tuning and Sensitivity Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor With Graphene Covered Au-MoS 2-Au Films", IEEE Photonics J. 8(6), 4803308 (2016). CrossRef T. Srivastava, R. Jha, R. Das, "High-Performance Bimetallic SPR Sensor Based on Periodic-Multilayer-Waveguides", IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 23(20), 1448 (2011). CrossRef P.K. Maharana, R. Jha, "Chalcogenide prism and graphene multilayer based surface plasmon resonance affinity biosensor for high performance", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 169, 161 (2012). CrossRef R. Verma, B.D. Gupta, R. Jha, "Sensitivity enhancement of a surface plasmon resonance based biomolecules sensor using graphene and silicon layers", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 160, 623 (2011). CrossRef I. Pockrand, "Surface plasma oscillations at silver surfaces with thin transparent and absorbing coatings", Surf. Sci. 72, 577 (1978). CrossRef R. Jha, A. Sharma, "High-performance sensor based on surface plasmon resonance with chalcogenide prism and aluminum for detection in infrared", Opt. Lett. 34(6), 749 (2009). CrossRef E.V. Alieva, V.N. Konopsky, "Biosensor based on surface plasmon interferometry independent on variations of liquid’s refraction index", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 99, 90 (2004). CrossRef S.A. Zynio, A. Samoylov, E. Surovtseva, V. Mirsky, Y. Shirshov, "Bimetallic Layers Increase Sensitivity of Affinity Sensors Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance", Sensors 2, 62 (2002). CrossRef S.Y. Wu, H.P. Ho, "Sensitivity improvement of the surface plasmon resonance optical sensor by using a gold-silver transducing layer", Proceedings IEEE Hong Kong Electron Devices Meeting 63 (2002). CrossRef B.H. Ong, X. Yuan, S. Tjin, J. Zhang, H. Ng, "Optimised film thickness for maximum evanescent field enhancement of a bimetallic film surface plasmon resonance biosensor", Sens. Actuators B Chem. 114, 1028 (2006). CrossRef B.H. Ong, X. Yuan, Y. Tan, R. Irawan, X. Fang, L. Zhang, S. Tjin, "Two-layered metallic film-induced surface plasmon polariton for fluorescence emission enhancement in on-chip waveguide", Lab Chip 7, 506 (2007). CrossRef X. Yuan, B. Ong, Y. Tan, D. Zhang, R. Irawan, S. Tjin, "Sensitivity–stability-optimized surface plasmon resonance sensing with double metal layers", J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 8, 959, (2006). CrossRef M. Ghorbanpour, "A novel method for the production of highly adherent Au layers on glass substrates used in surface plasmon resonance analysis: substitution of Cr or Ti intermediate layers with Ag layer followed by an optimal annealing treatment", J. Nanostruct, 3, 309, (2013). CrossRef Y. Chen, R.S. Zheng, D.G. Zhang, Y.H. Lu, P. Wang, H. Ming, Z.F. Luo, Q. Kan, "Bimetallic chips for a surface plasmon resonance instrument", Appl. Opt. 50, 387 (2011). CrossRef N.H.T. Tran, B.T. Phan, W.J. Yoon, S. Khym, H. Ju, "Dielectric Metal-Based Multilayers for Surface Plasmon Resonance with Enhanced Quality Factor of the Plasmonic Waves", J. Electron. Mater. 46, 3654 (2017). CrossRef D. Nesterenko Z. Sekkat, "Resolution Estimation of the Au, Ag, Cu, and Al Single- and Double-Layer Surface Plasmon Sensors in the Ultraviolet, Visible, and Infrared Regions", Plasmonics 8, 1585 (2013). CrossRef M.A. Ordal, R.J. Bell, R.W. Alexander, L.L. Long, M.R. Querry, "Optical properties of fourteen metals in the infrared and far infrared: Al, Co, Cu, Au, Fe, Pb, Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ag, Ti, V, and W.", Appl. Opt. 24, 4493 (1985). CrossRef H. Ehrenreich, H.R. Philipp, D.J. Olechna, "Optical Properties and Fermi Surface of Nickel", Phys. Rev. 31, 2469 (1963). CrossRef S. Shukla, N.K. Sharma, V. Sajal, "Theoretical Study of Surface Plasmon Resonance-based Fiber Optic Sensor Utilizing Cobalt and Nickel Films", Braz. J. Phys. 46, 288 (2016). CrossRef K. Shah, N.K. Sharma, AIP Conf. Proc. 2009, 020040 (2018). [23] G. AlaguVibisha, Jeeban Kumar Nayak, P. Maheswari, N. Priyadharsini, A. Nisha, Z. Jaroszewicz, K.B. Rajesh, "Sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance sensor using hybrid configuration of 2D materials over bimetallic layer of Cu–Ni", Opt. Commun. 463, 125337 (2020). CrossRef A. Nisha, P. Maheswari, P.M. Anbarasan, K.B. Rajesh, Z. Jaroszewicz, "Sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance sensor with 2D material covered noble and magnetic material (Ni)", Opt. Quantum Electron. 51, 19 (2019). CrossRef M.H.H. Hasib, J.N. Nur, C. Rizal, K.N. Shushama, "Improved Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors", Condens.Matter 4, 49, (2019). CrossRef S. Herminjard, L. Sirigu, H. P. Herzig, E. Studemann, A. Crottini, J.P. Pellaux, T. Gresch, M. Fischer, J. Faist, "Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor showing enhanced sensitivity for CO2 detection in the mid-infrared range", Opt. Express 17, 293 (2009). CrossRef M. Wang, Y. Huo, S. Jiang, C. Zhang, C. Yang,T. Ning, X. Liu, C Li, W. Zhanga, B. Mana, "Theoretical design of a surface plasmon resonance sensor with high sensitivity and high resolution based on graphene–WS2 hybrid nanostructures and Au–Ag bimetallic film", RSC Adv. 7, 47177 (2017). CrossRef P.K. Maharana, P. Padhy, R. Jha, "On the Field Enhancement and Performance of an Ultra-Stable SPR Biosensor Based on Graphene", IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 25, 2156 (2013). CrossRef

The debate about diagnoses and treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in children continue to range on between the developmental and biological perspectives. While there is increasing evidence that support the biological susceptibility of the disorder, a number of researches also emphasized the significant effect of environment on the syndrome. This study used developmental perspectives to evaluate and bring together various bio-psychosocial factors that impact on children diagnosed with ADHD. The study explored and integrated the existing and advancing study on ADHD to a more refined pattern that embraced developmental perspectives. The study also discussed how the linkage in childhood ADHD fits within the developmental psychopathology perspective. The study revealed that ADHD as a developmental disorder is influenced by prenatal, biological and psychosocial environmental risk factors, and suggested that better understanding of genomic susceptibilities, family environment and parental characteristics would transform the pathway for development of ADHD in children. References American Psychiatric Association.(2000). Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of MentalDisorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association.(2013). Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of MentalDisorders.5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Arnsten, A.F, (2007). Catecholamine and second messenger influenceson prefrontalcortical networks of “representational knowledge”:a rational bridge between genetics andthe symptoms of mental illness. Cerebral Cortex, 17, i6–i15. Arnsten, A.F, & Pliszka, S.R. (2011). Catecholamine influences on prefrontalcorticalfunction: relevance to treatment of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder and relateddisorders. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 99, 211–216. Atladóttir H.O, Parner E.T, & Schendel D. (2007). Variation in incidence ofneurodevelopmental disorders with season of birth. Epidemiology, 18, 240–245. Barkley, R. A. (2006). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosisand treatment (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Baumeister A.A, Hawkins M.F (2001). Incoherence of neuroimaging studies of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Neuropharmacology, 24, 2–10. Berger I. (2011). Diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: much ado aboutsomething. Israeli Medical Association Journal, 13, 571–574. Berger, A., Posner, M. I. (2000). Pathologies of brain attentionalnetworks. Neuroscienceand Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 3–5. Biederman J, Faraone S.V, Keenan K, Knee D, &Tsuang M.T (1990): Familygenetic andpsychosocial risk factors in DSM-III attention deficit disorder. Journal of AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 526 –533. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keenan K, Tsuang MT (1991b): Evidence of familialassociationbetween attention deficit disorder and major affective disorders. Archives of GeneralPsychiatry, 48, 633–642. Biederman, J, Faraone, S.V, Keenan K, Benjamin, J, Krifcher, B. &Moore C. et al (1992).Further evidence for family-genetic risk factors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Patterns of comorbidity in probands and relativesin psychiatrically and pediatricallyreferred samples. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 728 –738. Biederman, J., Milberger, S., Faraone, S. V., Kiely, K., Guite, J.,Mick, E., Ablon, S., Warburton, R., & Reed, E. (1995). Family environment risk factors for attention deficithyperactivity disorder: A test of Rutter’s indicators of adversity. Archives of GeneralPsychiatry, 52, 464–470. Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Mick, E., Spencer,T.,Wilens,T., Kiely,K., Guite, J., Ablon, J.S., Reed, E., & Warburton, R. (1995). High risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorderamong children of parents with childhood onset of the disorder: A pilot study. Journal ofAmerican Psychiatry, 152, 431–435. Biederman J, Faraone S.V, Monuteaux M, Spencer T, Wilens T, Bober M, et al (2004).Gender effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder inadults, revisited. BiologicalPsychiatry, 55, 692–700. Brookes, K.,Mill, J.,&Guindalini,C., et al (2006). Acommon haplotype of the dopaminetransporter geneassociated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderand interactingwithmaternal use of alcohol duringpregnancy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 74–81. Brophy, K., Hawi, Z., Kirley, A., Fitzgerald, M., & Gill, M. (2002). Synaptosomalassociated protein 25 (SNAP-25) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD):Evidence of linkage and association in the Irish population. Molecular Psychiatry, 7 , 913–917 Campbell, S. B. (2000). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A developmental view.In: Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology. (pp. 383–401). A. J. Sameroff, M.Lewis, & S. Miller (Eds.). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum. Carlson, E. A., Jacobvitz, D., & Sroufe, L. A. (1995). A developmental investigation ofinattentiveness and hyperactivity. Child Development, 66, 37–54. Childress, A.C, Berry, S.A (2012). Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit hyperactivitydisorder in adolescents. Drugs, 72, 309–325. Cortese, S (2012). The neurobiology and genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD): what every clinician shouldknow. European Journal of PaediatricNeurology, 16, 422–433. Dopheide, J.A (2005). ASHP therapeutic position statement on theappropriate use ofmedications in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in paediatricpatients. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy, 62, 1502– 1509. Coghill, D., Nigg, J., Rothenberger, A., Sonuga-Barke, E., & Tannock, R. (2005). Withercausal models in the neuroscience of ADHD? Developmental Science, 8, 105–114. Cummings, E. M., Davies, P., & Campbell, S. B. (2000). Developmental Psychopathologyand Family Process: Research, Theory, and Clinical Implications. New York: Guilford. Faraone, S. V., Perlis, R. H., Doyle, A. E., Smoller, J. W., Goralnick, J. J., Holmgren, M.A., et al. (2005). Molecular genetics of attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder. BiologicalPsychiatry, 57 , 1313–1323. Faraone, S, Biederman, J, Krifcher Lehman, B, Keenan, K, Norman, D, Seidman, L. et al.(1993). Evidence for the independent familial transmission of attentiondeficit hyperactivitydisorder and learning disabilities: Results froma family genetic study. American Journalof Psychiatry, 150, 891– 895. Faraone, S. V, Tsuang, M. T. (1995). Methods in psychiatric genetics. In: Textbook inPsychiatric Epidemiology, Tohen, M, Tsuang, M., Zahner, G. (Eds). (pp. 81–134). NewYork: John Wiley& Sons. Faraone, S. V. & Biederman, J. (1998). Neurobiology of attentiondeficit hyperactivitydisorder. Biological Psychiatry, 44, 951–958. Faraone S.V, Biederman J, &MonuteauxM.C. (2001a). Attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder with bipolar disorder in girls: Further evidence for a familial subtype? Journal ofAffect Disorders, 64, 19 –26. Haraone S.V, Doyle A.E (2001): The nature and heritability of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America,10, 299 –316, viii–ix. Faraone, S.V., & Biederman, J. (2000). Nature, nuture, and attentiondeficit hyperactivitydisorder. Developmental Review, 20, 568–581. Faraone S.V, Perlis R.H, Doyle A.E, Smoller J.W, Goralnick J, &Holmgren M.A, et al.(2005). Molecular genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. BiologicalPsychiatry, 57, 1313–1323. Gray, J. A., Feldon, J., Rawlins, J. N. P., Hemsley, D. R., & Smith, A. D. (1991) Theneuropsychology of schizophrenia. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14, 1–84. Gray, J. A. (1982). The neumpsychology of anxiety. New York: Oxford University Press. Halperin, J. M., & Healey, D. M. (2011). The infl uences of environmental enrichment,cognitive enhancement,and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter thedevelopmental trajectory of ADHD? Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35 , 621–634. Hauschild K.M, Mouridsen S.E, & Nielsen S. (2005). Season of birth inDanish childrenwith language disorder born in the 1958–1976 period. Neuropsychobiology; 51, 93–99. Hudziak J.J, Rudiger L.P, Neale M.C, Heath A.C, & Todd R.D (2000). A twin study ofinattentive,aggressive, and anxious/depressed behaviors. Journal of the American Academyof Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 469 –476. Kahn, R. S., Khoury, J. & Nichols,W.C., et al (2003). Role of dopamine transportergenotype and maternal prenatal smoking in childhood hyperactive-impulsive,inattentive,and oppositional behaviors. Journal of Pediatrics, 143, 104–110. Kesner R.P, & Churchwell J.C (2011). An analysis of rat prefrontal cortexin mediatingexecutive function. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 96, 417–431. Kuntsi, J.,& Stevenson, J. (2000). Hyperactivity in children:Afocuson genetic research andpsychological theories. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 3, 1–24. Langley, K., Rice, F., & van den Bree, M. B., et al (2005). Maternal smoking duringpregnancy as an environmental risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorderbehaviour. A Review. Minerva Pediatrica, 57, 359–371. Manshadi M, Lippmann S, O’Daniel R, & Blackman A (1983): Alcohol abuse andattention deficit disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 44, 379 –380 Martin N, Scourfield J, McGuffin P (2002).Observer effects and heritability ofchildhoodattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. British Journal of Psychiatry, 80, 260 –265. Neale, B. M., Medland, S. E., Ripke, S., Asherson, P., Franke, B., Lesch, K. P., et al.(2010). Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 49 , 884–897. Nigg J, Nikolas M, & Burt S. A(2010). Measured gene-by-environment interaction inrelation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy ofChild and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 863–73. Oades, R. D., Lasky-Su, J., Christiansen, H., Faraone, S.V., Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Banaschewski, T., et al. (2008). The influence of serotonin- and other genes onimpulsivebehavioral aggression and cognitive impulsivity in children with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity. A Developmental Perspective on ADHD disorder (ADHD): Findingsfrom a family-based association test (FBAT) analysis. Behavioral and Brain Functions, 4,4–48. Pastor P. N & Reuben C.A. (2008). Diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder andlearning disability: United States, 2004–2006. Vital Health Statistics, 10, 1–14. Quay, H. C. (1988a). Attention deficit disorder and the behavioral inhibitionsystem: Therelvance of the neuropsychological theory of Jeffrey A. Gray. In: Attention deficitdisorder: Criteria, cognition, intervention (pp. 117–126). L. M. Bloomingdale & J.Sergeant (Eds.). NewYork: Pergamon. Quay, H. C. (1988b). The behavioral reward and inhibition systems inchildhood behaviordisorder. In: Attentiondeficit disorder W; New research in treatment, psychopharnmcology,and attention (pp. 176–186). L. M. Bloomingdale (Ed.). NA: Pergamon. Quay, H. C. (1996, January). Gray'sbehavioral inhibition in ADHD:An update. Paperpresented at the annual meeting of the InternationalSociety for Research in Child andAdolescent Psychopathology, Los Angeles, CA. Rader, R, McCauley L,& Callen, E.C. (2009). Current strategies in thediagnosis andtreatment of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. American FamilyPhysician, 79, 657–665. Robbins, T. W. (2003). Dopamine and cognition. Currpin Neurol,16, (2), S1–S2. Rutter, M, Cox, A, Tupling, C, Berger, M, &Yule, W. (1975). Attainment and adjustmentin two geographical areas. 1—The prevalence of psychiatric disorders. British Journal ofPsychiatry, 126, 493–509. Rutter, M., &Sroufe, L. A. (2000). Developmental psychopathology: Concepts andchallenges. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 265–296. Sergeant, J. (2000). The cognitive-energetic model: An empiricalapproach to attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuroscienceand Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 7–12. Sherman D, McGue M, &Iacono W (1997). Twin concordance for attention deficithyperactivity disorder: A comparison of teachers’ and mothers’reports. American Journalof Psychiatry, 154, 532–535. Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Auerbach, J., Campbell, S. B., Daley, D., & Thompson, M. (2005).Preschool varieties of hyperactive and dysregulated behaviour: Multiple pathways betweenrisk and disorder. Developmental Science, 8 , 141–150. Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Bitsakou, P., & Thompson, M. (2010). Beyond the dual pathwaymodel: Evidence for the dissociation of timing, inhibitory, and delayrelated impairments inattention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child andAdolescent Psychiatry, 49 , 345–355. Sonuga-Barke, E. J., & Halperin, J. (2010). Developmental phenotypes and causalpathways in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Potential targets for earlyintervention? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 368–398. Sprich-Buckminster S, Biederman J, Milberger S, Faraone S, &Krifcher LehmanB (1993):Are perinatal complications relevant to the manifestation ofADD? Issues of comorbidityand familiality. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,32,1032–1037 Swanson, J. M., Sunohara, G. A., Kennedy, J. L., Regino,R., Fineberg, E.,Wigal, T.,Lerner, M.,Williams, L., LaHoste,G. J.,&Wigal, S. (1998). Association of the dopaminereceptorD4 (DRD4) gene with a refined phenotype of attention deficithyperactivitydisorder (ADHD): A family–based approach.Molecular Psychiatry, 3, 38–41. Taylor, E. (1999). Developmental neuropsychopathology of attentiondeficit and impulsiveness. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 607–628. Thapar, A.,O’Donovan,M., &Owen,M. J. (2005b). The genetics of attention deficithyperactivity disorder. Human Molecular Genetics, 14, 275–282. Thapar, A., Langley, K.,O’Donovan,M. (2006). Refining the attention deficithyperactivity disorderphenotype formolecular genetic studies. Molecular Psychiatry, 11,714–720. Thapar A, Langley K, &Asherson P, (2007). Gene–environment interplay in attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder and the importance of a developmental perspective. BritishJournal of Psychiatry 190, 1–3. Tochigi M, Okazaki Y, & Kato N, (2004). What causes seasonality of birth inschizophrenia? Neuroscience Res, 48, 1–11 Trent S & Davies W. (2012). The influence of sex-linked genetic mechanisms on attentionand impulsivity. Biological Psychology, 89, 1–13. United States, 2003 and 2007 (2010). Increasing prevalence of parent-reported attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder among children, MMWR Morb Mortal Wekly Rep, 59, 1439–43. Yehuda, R. (2000). Biology of posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of ClinicalPsychiatry, 61, 14–21. Zimmer, L (2009). Positron emission tomography neuroimagingfor a better understandingof the biology of ADHD. Neuropharmacology, 57, 601–607.

Работа направлена на установление закономерностей изменения сдвиговой упругости, возникающих при структурной релаксации металлических стекол на основе Pd и Zr. Измерения модуля сдвига выполнялись на частотах около 500 кГц. Несмотря на отличия в физических свойствах исследованных металлических стекол (химический состав, стеклообразующая способность, температуры стеклования и др.), наблюдаются определенные общие закономерности релаксации их сдвиговой упругости при термообработке. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа поддержана грантом Минобрнауки РФ № 3.1310.2017/4.6. БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ Автор выражает благодарность проф. В.А. Хонику за обсуждение статьи ЛИТЕРАТУРА Dyre С. Reviews of Modern Physics, 2006, vol. 78, pp. 953–972. https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.78.953 Dyre J. C., Olsen N. B., Christensen T. Physical Review B, 1996, vol. 53, pp. 2171–2174. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.53.2171 Khonik V. A., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Lyakhov S. A., Vasiliev A. N., Khonik S. V., Khoviv D. A. Physical Review B, 2009, vol. 79, pp. 132204-1–132204-4. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.79.132204 Chen H. S. Reports on Progress in Physics, 1980, vol. 43, pp. 353–432. https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/43/4/001 Hirao M., Ogi H. EMATS for Science and Industry: Noncontacting Ultrasonic Measurements. New-York, Springer, 2003, p. 372. Vasil'ev A. N., Buchel'nikov V. D., Gurevich M. I., Kaganov M. I., Gajdukov Ju. P. Electromagnetic Excitation of Sound in Metals. Cheljabinsk, Izd-vo JuUrGU Publ., 2001, 339 p. Wang W. H. Progress in Materials Science, 2012, vol. 57, pp. 487–656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.07.001 Watanabe L. Y., Roberts S. N., Baca N., Wiest A., Garrett S. J., Conner R. D. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2013, vol. 33, pp. 4021–4025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.044 Wang D. P., Zhao D. Q., Ding D. W., Bai H. Y., Wang W. H. Journal of Applied Physics, 2014, vol. 115, pp. 123507-1–123507-4. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869548 Zhang Z., Keppens V., Liaw P. K., Yokoyama Y. Journal of Materials Research, 2006, vol. 22, pp. 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0040 Khonik V. A. Izvestija Akademii Nauk. Serija fizicheskaja [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics], 2001, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 1465–1471. (in Russ.) Shtremel' M. A. The Strength of the Alloys. Part Defects of the Lattice. Moscow, MISIS Publ., 1999, 384 p. (in Russ.) Gordon C. A., Granato A. V. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2004, vol. 370, pp. 83–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.077 Shen T. D., Schwarz R. B. Applied Physics Letters, 2006, vol. 88, pp. 091903-1–091903-3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2172160 Tsyplakov A. N., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Khonik V. A., Kobelev N. P., Kaloyan A. A. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015, vol. 618, pp. 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.198 Mitrofanov Y. P., Wang D. P., Makarov A. S., Wang W. H., Khonik V. A. // Scientific Reports, 2016, vol. 6, p. 23026-1–23026-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23026 Afonin G. V., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Makarov A. S., Kobelev N. P., Khonik V. A. // Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2017, vol. 475, pp. 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.08.029

Aune, D E 2006. Apocalypticism, Prophecy and Magic in Early Christianity: Collected Essays. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. (WUNT 199). Pp. xii + 482. Price: 100 €. ISBN 3-16-149020-7.Brownson, J V 2007. The Promise of Baptism. An introduction to Baptism in Scripture and the Reformed Tradition. Grand Rapids, MI/Cambridge, U.K.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. Pp. 223. Price: $16-00. ISBN: 978-0-8028-3307.Buchholz, Armin. Schrift Gottes im Lehrstreit: Luthers Schriftverständnis und Schriftauslegung in seinen drei großen Lehrstreitigkeiten der Jahre 1521-1528, TVG Systematisch-Theologische Monografien (STM) 20 (Gießen: Brunnen, 2007). Paperback, 340 S. ISBN 978-3-7655-9549-3. Price: 30 €Helmer, C (ed) 2005. Biblical Interpretation: History, Context and Reality. Leiden: Brill. ISBN: 9004130748. Price: €80-00.Koch, H 2006. Die Kirchen und ihre Tabus. Die Verweigerung der Moderne. Düsseldorf: Patmos. Pp. 230. Hard cover. ISBN 3-491-72498-8. Price: €18-00.

Achenbach, R 2005. Pentateuch, Hexateuch und Enneateuch. Eine Verhältnisbestimmung, ZAR 11:122–154. Albertz, R 2007. Die kanonische Anpassung des Johuabuches. Ein Neubewertung seiner sog.”Priesterschriftelike Texte”, in Römer and Schmid 2007:199–217. Aurelius, E 2003. Zukunft jenseits des Gerichts: Eine redaktionsgeschichltliche Studie zumEnneateuch. BZAW 319. Berlin: de Gruyter. Barrick, W B & Spencer, J R (eds) 1984. In the shelter of Elyon: essays on ancient Palestinian life in honour of GW Ahlström. JSOTSup 31. Sheffield: JSOT Press. Becker U, 2006. Endredaktionelle Kontextvernetzungen des Josua-Buches, in Witte, Schmid, Prechel and Gertz 2006:139–161. Bieberstein, K 1995. Josua-Jordan-Jericho. Archäologie, Geschichte und Theologie der Landnahmeerzählungen Josua 1–6. OBO. Friborg: Universitätsverlag, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Blum, E 1990. Studien zur Komposition des Pentateuch. BZAW 189. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter. _______ 1997. Die Kompositionelle Knoten am Übergang von Josua zu Richter: Ein Entflechtungsvorschlag, in Lust and Vervenne 1997:181–212. _______ 2006. The literary connection between the books of Genesis and Exodus and the end of the book of Joshua, in Dozeman and Schmid 2006:80–106. _______ 2011. Pentateuch-Hexateuch-Enneateuch, in Dozeman , Römer and Schmid 2011:43–71. Carr, D M 1996. Reading the fractures of Genesis. Historical and literary approaches. Louisville: Westminster John Knox. _______ 2006. What is required to identify pre-Priestly narrative connections between Genesis and Exodus? in Dozeman and Schmid 2006:159–180. _______ 2012. The Moses story: literary and historical reflections, HeBAI 1–2:7–36. Dozeman, T B & Schmid, K (eds) 2006. Farewell to the Yahwist? The composition of the Pentateuch in recent European discussion. SBL Symposium Series 34. Atlanta: SBL. Dozeman, T B, Römer, T C & Schmid, K (eds) 2011. Pentateuch, Hexateuch, or Enneateuch. Identifying literary works in Genesis through Kings. SBL 8. Atlanta: SBL. Du Pury, A, Römer, T C & Macchi, J P (eds) 2000. Israel constructs its history. Deuteronomistic historiography in recent research. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. Edenburg, C & Pakkala, J (eds) 2013. Is Samuel amongst the Deuteronomists? Current views on the place of Samuel in a Deuteronomistic History. Atlanta: SBL. Eisffeldt, O 1964. Einleitung in das Alte Testament. Tübingen: Mohr. Frevel, C 2000. Mit Blick auf das Land die Schöpfung erinnern. Zum Ende der Priestergrundschrift. HBS 23. Freiburg/New York: Herder. _______ 2011. Die Wiederkehr der Hexateuchperspektive. Eine Herausforderung für die These vom Deuteronomistischen Geschictswerk, in Stipp 2011:13–53. Frey, J, Schattner-Rieser, U & Schmid, K (eds) 2012. Die Sameritaner und die Bibel: Historische und literarische Wechselwirkungen zwischen biblischen und Sameritanischen Traditionen. Studia Judaica/Studia Samaritana 7. Berlin/New York. Fritz, V 1994. Das Buch Josua. Hat 1/7. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. Garciá-Martinez, F (ed.) 1998. Perspectives in the study of the Old Testament and early Judaism: a symposium in honour of Adam S. van der Woude on the occasion of his 70th Birthday. VTSup 73. Leiden: Brill. Gertz, J C 2000. Tradition und Redaktion in der Exoduserzählung. Untersuchungen zur Endredaktion des Pentateuch. FRLANT 186. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck& Ruprecht. Görg, M 1991. Josua. NEB 26. Würzburg: Echter Verlag. Gunkel, H 1910. Genesis. 3rd ed. GHK 1. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Hjelm, I 2000. The Samaritans and early Judaism: a literary analysis. JSOTSup 303. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. Keel, O 1973. Das Vergaben der “Fremder” Götter in Genesis xxxv 4b, VT 23:305–336. Knauf, E A 2000. Does Deuteronomsitic Historiography (DH) exist? in du Pury , Römer and Macchi 2000:388–398. _______ 2007. Buchschlüsse im Josuabuch, in Römer and Schmid 2007:217–224. _______ 2008. Josua. ZBKAT 6. Zurich: Theologisher Verlag. Knoppers, G N & McConville, J G (eds) 2000. Reconsidering Israel and Judah: recent studies on the Deuteronomistic History. SBTS 8. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. Köckert, M 1988. Vätergott und Väterverheisssungen. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit Albrecht Alt und seine Erben. FRLANT 142. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Konkel, M 2008. Sünde und Vergebung:Eine Rekontruktion der Redaktionsgeschichte der hinterein Sinaiperikope (Ex 32–34). Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Pentateuchmodelle. FAT 88. Tübingen: Mohr. Koopmans, W T 1990. Joshua 24 as poetic narrative. JSOTSup 93. Sheffield: JSOT Press. Kratz, R G 2000. Die Komposition der erzählender Bücher des Alten Testaments: Grundwissen der Bibelkritik. UTB 215.Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Levin, C 1993. Der Jahwist. FRLANT 157.Göttingen: Vandenhoeck& Ruprecht. Lipschits, O, Knoppers, G N & Albertz, R (eds) 2007. Judah and the Judeans in the fourth century B.C.E. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. Lust, J & Vervenne, M (eds) 1997. Deuteronomy and Deuteronomistic literature. BETL 133. Leuven: Peeters. Mckenzie, S L & Römer, T C (eds) 2000. Rethinking the foundations: historiography in the ancient world and the Bible. Essays in honour of John Van Seters. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter. Nelson, R D 1997. Joshua: a commentary. Louisville: Westminster John Knox. Nentel, J 2000. Trägerschaft und Intentionen des deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerks: Untersuchungen zu Refelexionreden: Jos1; 23; 24; 1 Sam12 und 1 Kön 8. BZAW 297. Berlin: de Gruyter. Nihan, C 2012. The literary relationship between Deuteronomy and Joshua: a reassessment, in Schmid and Person 2012:79–114. _______ 2013. 1 Sam 8 and 12 and the Deuteronomsitic edition of Samuel, in Edenburg and Pakkala 2013: 225–274. Na`man, N 2000. The law of the altar in Deuteronomy and the cultic site near Shechem, in Mckenzie and Römer 2000:141–161. Noll, K L and Schramm, B (eds) 2010. Raising a faithful exegete: essays in honour of Richard Nelson. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. Noort, E 1997. The traditions of Ebal and Gerizim: theological positions in the book of Joshua, in Vervenne and Lust 1997:161–180. _______ 1998. Zu Stand und Perspektiven: Der Glaube Israels zwischen Religionsgeschichte und Theologie, der Fall Josua 24, in Garciá-Martinez 1998:82–108. Noth, M 1943. Überlieferungsgeschichtliche Studien. Tübingen: Niemeyer. _______ 1953. Das Buch Josua. 2nd ed. HAT 7. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. O’Brien, M A 1989. The Deuteronomistic History hypothesis: a reassessment. OBO 92. Fribourg: Éditions. Universitaires/Göttingen: Vandenhoeck& Ruprecht. Otto, E 1999. Bruckensläge in der Pentateuchsforschung, TRU 64:84–99. _______ 2000. Das Deuteronomium im Pentateuch und Hexateuch. Studien zur Literaturgeschichte von Pentateuch und Hexateuch im Lichte des Deuteronomiumrahmens. FAT 30. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. Otto, E & Achenbach, R (eds) 2004. Das Deuteronomium zwischen Pentateuch undDeuteronomistischem Geschictswerk. FRLANT 206. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Perlitt, L 1968. Bundestheologie im Altes Testament. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag. _______ 1994. Priesterschrift in Deuteronomium34? VT 59:475–494. Popovich, M 2009. Conquest of the land, loss of the land. Where does Joshua 24 belong?, in von Ruiten and de Vos 2009:87–98. Rofé, A 2000. Ephraimite versus Deuteronomistic History, in Knoppers & McConville 2000:462–474. Römer, T C 2010. Book-endings in Joshua and the question of the so-called Deuteronomistic History, in Noll and Schramm 2010:85–99. Römer, T C & Brettler, M Z 2000. Deuteronomy 34 and the case for a Persian Hexateuch, JBL 119/3:401–419. Römer, T C and Schmid, K (eds) 2007. Les dernières rédactions du Pentatueque, de l` Hexateuge,et de l` Henneatuege. BETL 203. Leuven: Peeters. Rösel, H N 1980. Die Überleitungen vom Josua-ins Richterbuch, VT 30:342–350. Schmid K, 1999. Erzväter und Exodus: Untersuchungen zur doppelten Begründing der Ursprünge Israels innerhalb der Geschichtsbücher des Alten Testaments. WMANT 81. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag. _______ 2007. The late Persian formation of the Torah: observations on Deuteronomy 34, in Lipschits, Knoppers & Albertz 2007:236–245. _______ 2012. Die Sameritaner und die Judaër. Die biblische Diskussion um ihr Verhältnis in Josua 24, in Frey, Schattner-Rieser & Schmid 2012:21–49. Schmid, K & Person, R (eds) 2012. Deuteronomy in the Pentateuch, Hexateuch, and the Deuteronomistic History. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. Schmidt, L 2009. P in Deuteronomium 34, VT 59:475–494. Schmitt, G 1964. Der Landtag von Sichem. Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag. Schmitt, H C 2004. DTN 34 als Verbindingstuck zwischen Tetrateuch und Dtr. Geschictswerk, in Otto and Achenbach 2004:181–192. Smend, R 1970. Das Gesetz un die Völker, in Wolff 1970:494–504. Sperling, S D 1987. Joshua 24 re-examined. HUCA 58:119–136. Steuernage, l C 1923. Das Buch Josua. GHK 1,3 (2). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Stipp, H J (ed.) 2011. Das deuteronomistische Geschichtswerk. ÖBS 39. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Van Seters, J 1984. Joshua 24 and the problem of tradition in the Old Testament, in Barrick and Spencer 1984:139–158. _______ 2003. Deuteronomy between Pentateuch and Deuteronomistic History, HTS 59/3:947–956. Vervenne, M & Lust, J (eds) 1997. Deuteronomy and Deuteronomistic literature. FS C.H.W Brekelmans. BETL 133. Leuven: Peeters. Von Ruiten, J and de Vos, C (eds) 2009. The land of Israel in Bible, history and theology: studies in honour of Ed Noort. VTSup 124. Leiden: Brill. Weimar, P 2008. Studien zur Priesterschrift. FAT 56. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. Westermann, C 1994. Die Geschictsbücher des Alten Testaments: Gab es ein deuteronomsitisches Geschichtswerk? TB Altes Testament 87. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlag. Witte, M 1998. Die biblische urgeschichte. Redaktions-und Theologiegeschichtliche Beobachtungen zu Genesis 1,1–11:26. BZAW 265. Berlin: de Gruyter. Witte M, Schmid K, Prechel, D & Gertz, J C (eds) 2006. Die deuteronomistischenGeschichtswerke: Redaktions- und religionsgeschichtliche Perspektiven zur “Deuteronomismus”-Diskussion in Tora und vorderen Propheten. BZAW 365. Berlin: de Gruyter. Wolff, H W (ed.) 1970. Probleme biblischer Theologie: Gerard von Rad zum 70. Geburtstag. Munich: Kaiser Verlag. Würthwein, E 1994a. Erwägungen zum sog. Deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk: eine Skizze, in Würthwein 1994b:1–11. Würthwein, E 1994b. Studien zum deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk BZAW227. Berlin: de Gruyter, Zakovitch, Y 1980. The object of the narrative of the burial of the foreign gods at Shechem, BeTM 25:300–337. Zenger, E 2004. Einleitung in das Alte Testament. 5th ed. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.

This work is focused on developing all-fiber green laser in hybrid geometry, based on combination of Er:ZBLAN active fiber and silica fiber-based passive components of optical resonator and deploying Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) as highly selective mirrors for green spectral range. The scope of work covers fundamental spectroscopic characterization of Er:ZBLAN samples, determination of key spectroscopic parameters, modelling the lasing properties and lasing experiments in different pumping geometries. Full Text: PDF ReferencesW.P. Risk, T.R. Gosnell, A.V. Nurmikko, "Compact blue-green lasers", Cambridge University Press. (2003) CrossRef J.Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, "Tunable green upconversion erbium fibre laser", Electronics Lett., 28 (1992) 111-113 CrossRef Z . Luo, Q. Ruan, M. Zhong, Y. Cheng, R. Yang, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, "Compact self-Q-switched green upconversion Er:ZBLAN all-fiber laser operating at 543.4 nm", Optics Lett. 41 (2016) 2258-2261 CrossRef D. E. McCumber, "Einstein relations connecting broadband emission and absorption spectra", Physical Review 136 (1964) 954-957 CrossRef

77 Background: Docetaxel (DOC) was the first systemic therapy to improve OS (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.79) for patients (pts) with CRPC and a standard therapy since 2004. Because of the potential for severe toxicity with DOC, its use has been subject to pt selection. Even with this selective use, we sought to determine whether the introduction of docetaxel has improved OS at a population level. Methods: We performed aretrospective review of all CRPC pts treated with palliative radiotherapy (PRT) to bone metastases in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The pre-docetaxel cohort (pre-D) received PRT from 1998-2001. The docetaxel-era cohort (post-D)received PRT from 2006-2009. Time of first PRT to bone was used to select pts at a similar point in their disease state (i.e., onset of bone pain). Mortality and cause of death was attained from public registries. OS was calculated from time of first PRT using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: Comparative baseline characteristics for the 1876 patients split into the pre-D (n=919) and post-D (n=957) eras were: metastatic at diagnosis 30% vs. 33% (p = 0.09), median age at PRT 75.5 vs. 76.7 years (p=0.04), time from diagnosis to PRT 3.9 vs. 3.1 years (p = 0.31), received DOC 7% vs. 37% (p < 0.0001). Median OS from time of first PRT was 7.5 months (m) vs. 10.3 m (HR: 0.79, 95% Confidence Interval 0.70 – 0.89, p < 0.0001) in the pre-D and post-D cohorts respectively. Within the post-D cohort, the median OS from time of RT was longer in pts receiving DOC at 13.9 m vs. 7.4 m for pts not receiving DOC (p=0.004). Conclusions: In this population based analysis, the introduction of DOC as a standard of care was associated with a significant improvement in OS even though DOC penetrance was <50%. This demonstrates for the first time the generalizability of the TAX-327 study results to the population at large. Even as the therapeutic landscape for CRPC evolves with the introduction of new agents that improve OS with favourable toxicity profiles, these data support the continued use of DOC in appropriately selected patients.

1. Alivizatou, M. (2019). Digital intangible heritage: Inventories, virtual learning and participation. Heritage & Society, 12(2–3), 116–135. 2. Billett, S. (2009). Conceptualizing learning experiences: Contributions and mediations of the social, personal, and brute. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 16(1), 32–47. 3. Bonilla, C. M. (2014). Racial Counternarratives and L atina Epistemologies in Relational Organizing. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 45(4), 391–408. 4. Britain, T. (2007). How We Are: Photographing Britain. 5. Brodie, R. J., Hollebeek, L. D., Jurić, B., & Ilić, A. (2011). Customer Engagement: Conceptual Domain, Fundamental Propositions, and Implications for Research. Journal of Service Research, 14(3), 252–271. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670511411703 6. Budge, K. (2017). Objects in focus: Museum visitors and Instagram. Curator: The Museum Journal, 60(1), 67–85. 7. Budge, K., & Burness, A. (2018). Museum objects and Instagram: agency and communication in digital engagement. Continuum, 32(2), 137–150. 8. Callanan, M. A., & Oakes, L. M. (1992). Preschoolers’ questions and parents’ explanations: Causal thinking in everyday activity. Cognitive Development, 7(2), 213–233. 9. Callanan, M., Cervantes, C., & Loomis, M. (2011). Informal learning. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 2(6), 646–655. 10. Cameron, F. (2003). Digital Futures I: Museum collections, digital technologies, and the cultural construction of knowledge. Curator: The Museum Journal, 46(3), 325–340. 11. Cokley, J., Gilbert, L., Jovic, L., & Hanrick, P. (2016). Growth of ‘Long Tail’in Australian journalism supports new engaging approach to audiences. Continuum, 30(1), 58–74. 12. Cole, M., & Consortium, D. L. (2006). The fifth dimension: An after-school program built on diversity. Russell Sage Foundation. 13. European Commission. (2015). i-Treasures: intangible cultural heritage of the past available through advanced modern technologies. 14. Fitts, S., & McClure, G. (2015). Building Social Capital in Hightown: The Role of Confianza in L atina Immigrants’ Social Networks in the New South. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 46(3), 295–311. 15. Francesca, P. (2017). Final Report on User Requirements: Identification and Analysis. 16. Gade, R. (2009). Event Culture - The Museum and Its Staging (Kopenhagen, 6-7 Nov 09). 17. Gibbert, M., Ruigrok, W., & Wicki, B. (2008). What passes as a rigorous case study? Strategic Management Journal, 29(13), 1465–1474. 18. Gillard, P. (2002). Cruising through history wired. Museums and the Web 2002. 19. Goodwin, M. H. (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children (Vol. 618). Indiana University Press. 20. Hamma, K. (2004). The role of museums in online teaching, learning, and research. First Monday. 21. Henchman, M. (2000). Bringing the object to the viewer: Multimedia techniques for the scientific study of art. 22. Herrgott, C. (2016). Cantu in paghjella: Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel et nouvelles technologies dans le projet I-Treasures. Port Acadie: Revue Interdisciplinaire En Études Acadiennes/Port Acadie: An Interdisciplinary Review in Acadian Studies, 30, 91–113. 23. Howell, R., & Chilcott, M. (2013). A sense of place: re-purposing and impacting historical research evidence through digital heritage and interpretation practice. International Journal of Intangible Heritage, 8, 165–177. 24. King, L., Stark, J. F., & Cooke, P. (2016). Experiencing the digital world: The cultural value of digital engagement with heritage. Heritage & Society, 9(1), 76–101. 25. Lomb, N. (2009). Dip circle used to study the earth’s magnetic field at Parramatta Observatory. 26. Majors, Y. J. (2015). Shoptalk: Lessons in teaching from an African American hair salon. Teachers College Press. 27. Marty, P. F. (2008). Museum websites and museum visitors: digital museum resources and their use. Museum Management and Curatorship, 23(1), 81–99. 28. Moqtaderi, H. (2019). Citizen curators: Crowdsourcing to bridge the academic/public divide. University Museums and Collections Journal, 11(2), 204–210. 29. Müller, K. (2013). Museums and virtuality. In Museums in a digital age (pp. 295–305). Routledge. 30. Nasir, N. S., Rosebery, A. S., Warren, B., & Lee, C. D. (2006). Learning as a cultural process: Achieving equity through diversity. 31. O’Brien, H. L., & Toms, E. G. (2008). What is user engagement? A conceptual framework for defining user engagement with technology. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(6), 938–955. 32. O’Neill, R. (2017). The Rise of the Citizen Curator: Participation as Curation on the Web. University of Hull. 33. Opie, I., & Opie, P. (2000). The lore and language of schoolchildren. New York Review of Books. 34. Pallud, J. (2017). Impact of interactive technologies on stimulating learning experiences in a museum. Information & Management, 54(4), 465–478. 35. Pallud, J., & Straub, D. W. (2014). Effective website design for experience-influenced environments: The case of high culture museums. Information & Management, 51(3), 359–373. 36. Pozzi, F. (2017). Final Report on User Requirements: Identification and Analysis. Unpublished I-Treasures Project Report. 37. Proctor, N. (2010). Digital: Museum as platform, curator as champion, in the age of social media. Curator: The Museum Journal, 53(1), 35. 38. Rogoff, B., Callanan, M., Gutiérrez, K. D., & Erickson, F. (2016). The organization of informal learning. Review of Research in Education, 40(1), 356–401. 39. Schugurensky, D. (2000). The forms of informal learning: Towards a conceptualization of the field. 40. Scribner, S., & Cole, M. (1973). Cognitive Consequences of Formal and Informal Education: New accommodations are needed between school-based learning and learning experiences of everyday life. Science, 182(4112), 553–559. 41. Song, M., Elias, T., Martinovic, I., Mueller-Wittig, W., & Chan, T. K. Y. (2004). Digital heritage application as an edutainment tool. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry, 163–167. 42. Taheri, B., Jafari, A., & O’Gorman, K. (2014). Keeping your audience: Presenting a visitor engagement scale. Tourism Management, 42, 321–329. 43. Tan, B.-K., & Rahaman, H. (2009). Virtual heritage: Reality and criticism. 44. Tarlowski, A. (2006). If it’s an animal it has axons: Experience and culture in preschool children’s reasoning about animates. Cognitive Development, 21(3), 249–265. 45. Tate. (2007). How We Are Now at Tate Britain Museum. 46. Taylor, J., & Gibson, L. K. (2017). Digitisation, digital interaction and social media: embedded barriers to democratic heritage. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23(5), 408–420. 47. UNESCO. (2011). What is Intangible Cultural Heritage? 48. Vygotsky, L. S. (2012). Thought and language. MIT press. 49. Wenger-Trayner, E., Wenger-Trayner, B., & W.-T. (2015). Communities of practice: A brief introduction. 50. Wenger, E. (1999). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge university press. 51. Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). sage.

AbstractAn epidemiological study of gastrointestinal helminths of dogs (Canis familiaris) in two veterinary clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria, was conducted between January 2001 and December 2002. Faecal samples collected from 959 dogs were processed by modified Kato–Katz technique and then examined for helminth eggs. The results of the study showed that 237 (24.7%) of the dogs examined were infected with different types of helminths. The prevalences for the various helminth eggs observed were: Toxocara canis 9.0%, Ancylostoma spp. 17.9%, Toxascaris leonina 0.6%, Trichuris vulpis 0.5%, Uncinaria stenocephala 0.4% and Dipylidium caninum 0.2%. The faecal egg intensities, determined as mean egg count/gram of faeces ( ± SEM), were: T. canis 462.0 ± 100.5, Ancylostoma spp. 54.1 ± 8.6, T. leonina 0.8 ± 0.4, T. vulpis 0.1 ± 0.0, U. stenocephala 1.0 ± 0.7 and D. caninum 0.2 ± 0.1. Host age was found to be a significant factor with respect to the prevalence and intensity of T. canis and Ancylostoma spp. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of intestinal helminth parasites between male (27.0%) and female (22.5%) dogs (P>0.05). The prevalence of helminth parasites was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the local breed (African shepherd) (41.2%) than in Alsatian dogs (16.2%) or in other exotic breeds (21.0%). Single parasite infections (85.7%) were more common than mixed infections (3.5%).

AbstractAppreciating beauty is part of everyday life, when we contemplate fine arts, architecture, music, and natural scenes. Aesthetic appreciation, like any ordinary phenomenon of human life, triggers affective and cognitive processes that can provide the subject with sensations of hedonic pleasure and cognitive self-reward (Leder H, Belke B, Oeberst A, Augustin D. Br J Psychol 95(4):489–508, 2004). Although humans share several neuropsychological processes, the experience of aesthetic appreciation is undeniably idiosyncratic, and sometimes it is not that simple to find beauty where we were supposed to find it, and more often the same object can elicit different reactions amongst observers.

AbstractThis chapter reflects on homemaking within a multicultural condominium called Hotel House, located in the small Italian town of Porto Recanati, where almost 2000 people live, 95% of them being migrants. The research was carried out through a lengthy participant observation within both the domestic and communal spaces of the condominium. Reflecting on the research work conducted in Hotel House, the chapter explores four main aspects: (a) the ethical and practical implications of entering other people’s homes, focusing the analysis on the field access and the researcher’s positionality; (b) the daily material and affective construction of multisensory atmospheres and landscapes in the domestic spaces of Hotel House; (c) the ambivalence of the practices of sociability and mutual aid that take place in the domestic spaces of Hotel House, with particular regard to Senegalese families; (d) the multiscalarity of homemaking and its potential emergence outside of the boundaries of domestic spaces.

<em>Abstract</em>.—We assessed potential impacts of harvest and proposed channel modifications on the paddlefish <em>Polyodon spathula </em>fishery of Ozark Lake, Arkansas River, Arkansas. Ultrasonic telemetry was used to determine commercial and recreational exploitation rates, survival, spawning locations, and habitat use of gravid female paddlefish. Monthly searches were conducted for 40 tagged fish and we recorded 862 locations in Ozark Lake from January 2004 through December 2005. Adjacent reservoirs (i.e., Pool 13 and Lake Dardanelle) were tracked periodically, but interpool movement was not detected. Commercial fishing exploitation was determined at a mandatory check station and was estimated to be 30% during a 5-d special season. Annual recreational snag-fishing exploitation estimates were 8% (2004) and 3% (2005). Survival was different between years and was much lower the year (2004) with a commercial fishing season. Kaplan-Meier staggered-design survival estimates (±95% confidence interval [CI]) for 2004, 2005, and 2004 through 2005 were 0.60 ± 0.19, 0.92 ± 0.11, and 0.55 ± 0.18, respectively. With commercial and recreational harvests omitted from the analysis, the estimated 2-year survival rate was 0.91 ± 0.13 (±95% CI), which corresponds to 5% annual natural mortality. Gravid females migrated a median distance of 33 and 32 km in the spring of 2004 and 2005 and likely spawned in the tailwater of James W. Trimble Lock and Dam from late March to early April. Successful paddlefish reproduction was verified by capture of 23 prolarvae. Paddlefish selected tributary mouth habitat in all seasons (59% of locations). Tailwater and inundated creek channel habitats were selected in spring and summer, respectively. A navigation project to deepen the channel from 2.7 to 3.7 m will impact approximately 50% of the tailwater spawning habitat. Channel modifications (i.e., dredging and dike construction) near the mouth of the Mulberry River may disturb an important tributary mouth habitat for paddlefish where 55% of all locations were recorded. Our study identified biologically important habitats that need conservation and indicates that commercial harvest was the primary source of mortality for gravid female paddlefish in Ozark Lake.

<em>Abstract</em>.—Striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis </em>movements and population dynamics have been well studied in midwestern impoundments; however, a paucity of information exists on hybrid striped bass in these systems. We studied palmetto bass (male white bass <em>M. chrysops </em>× female striped bass) population dynamics and seasonal movements from 2005 to 2007 at Monroe Lake, a 4,350-ha flood control impoundment in south-central Indiana. Palmetto bass were collected, measured, and aged using otoliths to assess growth and mortality. Thirty fish were tagged with radio tags in April 2006 to determine seasonal movements and distributions for 1 year. Oxygen and temperature profiles were measured throughout the year to determine available habitat. Total annual mortality was 32% (±5%). Catch-curve residuals were modeled against the number of fish stocked to investigate recruitment variability. More than 95% of the variation in year-class strength was explained by the number of age-0 fish (25–50 mm total length) stocked in early summer. We determined that optimal stocking rates were between 12 and 23 fish/ha. Fish moved more during spring (501 m/d) than other seasons (109–220 m/d). Fish were concentrated in the lower basin of the lake during summer and in the upper basin during winter. Based on minimum habitat suitability index values for temperature and dissolved oxygen, there was no optimal habitat available in winter or spring. The volume of optimal habitat increased to 22% of the lake during summer and 47% in fall. Based on our evaluation of population dynamics, seasonal movements, available habitat, and stocking efficiency, current management strategies of hybrid striped bass in Monroe Lake are adequate to sustain a healthy fishery at similar levels of mortality.

This chapter aims to examine the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the airline industry through a meta-analysis. To this end, a protocol was applied following the PRISMA 2009 guidelines, and the author analyzed 14 studies with a total sample size of 6552 eligible for analysis from the Web of Science (WoS) database. In this chapter, the “Fisher z” transformation was used to calculate the overall effect size. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies' effect sizes, the random effect model was used as the analysis model. The results revealed that publication bias does not pose a significant threat. In addition, a strong positive relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction was established (Cohen's d=0.765, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.641, 0.888). This chapter contributes to the literature by increasing the validity of the existing studies and determining the overall effect size of the relationship between variables of interest by integrating the findings of 14 studies from the research domain.

The Fischer carbene 2 at 0.5 mol % gives only 12% conversion of 1 to 4 after 18 hours. Debra J. Wallace of Merck Process showed (Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 2277) that addition of a catalytic amount of the inexpensive 3 activated 2 , leading to 95% conversion of 1 to 4 after 18 hours. Shazia Zaman of the University of Canterbury and Andrew D. Abell of the University of Adelaide found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5340) that the catalyst 5, incorporating a polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain, was readily recovered in active form by precipitation and could be reused at least fi ve times. Zhu Yinghuai of the Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Singapore (Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 2650), and Chao Che, Zhen Yang, and Biwang Jiang of Peking University (Chem. Commun. 2009, 5990) independently described the preparation of Ru complexes such as 5 bound to magnetic nanoparticles. The catalysts were easily recycled and reused, leaving < 4 ppm Ru in the product. Reto Dorta of the University of Zurich reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 9498) that the complex 6 (Ar = 2,7-diisopropylnaphthyl) was a separable mixture of syn- and anti-isomers. The very reactive anti-isomer at 50 ppm converted neat 1 into 2 in 2 hours at room temperature. Richard R. Schrock of MIT devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 10840) an efficient Mo catalyst for a long-sought transformation—the ethenolysis of long-chain alkenes such as 7. Robert A. Stockman of the University of Nottingham developed (Chem. Commun. 2009, 4399) a related Ru-catalyzed procedure: cross-metathesis ring opening with methyl acrylate 11. Amir A. Hoveyda of Boston College, a coauthor on the Schrock paper, used (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 10652) a very similar Mo catalyst for the rapid cross-metathesis of an alkyne with ethene, leading after subsequent ring-closing metathesis to products such as 14. Alois Fürstner of the Max-Planck-Institut, Mülheim, described (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 9468) a well-characterized Mo nitride complex that efficiently catalyzed the conversion of 15 into 16. Samir Bouzbouz of the Université de Rouen and Janine Cossy of ESPCI ParisTech established (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5446) conditions for the metathesis of alkenes with the linchpin 18.

The aim of this chapter is to identify whether frontline employees perceived themselves as having feelings of sexism, ageism, and appearance discrimination against customers in retail services. This investigation is a quantitative research, a conclusive description (Gil, 2002), and ex post facto study, which utilises a survey to collect the data and sampling by convenience. Three protocols are used (1) to format the questionnaire, (2) to produce 12 different standards combining age, gender, and appearance, and (3) to create social classification (Rattam, 1998). In a previous study (Palmeira, Palmeira, & Santos, 2012), customers of different ages and genders perceived some degree of prejudice and discrimination in face-to-face retail services. Now, on the other side of the coin, frontline employees who work in Fashion and Food retailing recognise that there is prejudiced behaviour against customers, depending on their age, gender, and appearance, when providing them with face-to-face retail services. More than 95% of female and more than 64% of male attendants believe that well-dressed, young female customers are given priority when being served. Almost 80% of female and only 58% of male frontline workers believe that badly-dressed middle-aged men (not younger men) are the last to be served when there is no clear queuing process in the retail spatial area. This context strongly suggests the growing importance of an interpersonal skills training process for an organisations' staff as a way of avoiding behaviour that makes the customers think that there are prejudice and discrimination in the service process, as well as ASL development (T&D against Ageism, Sexism, and Lookism) being part of the strategic statements.

Electronics in high reliability applications may be stored for extended periods of time prior to deployment. Prior studies have shown the elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength of the SAC leadfree alloys reduces under prolonged exposure to high temperatures [Zhang 2009]. The thermal cycle magnitudes may vary over the lifetime of the product. Long-life systems may be re-deployed several times over the use life of the product. Previously, the authors have identified damage pre-cursors for correlation of the damage progression with the microstructural evolution of damage in second level interconnects [Lall 2004a-d, 2005a-b, 2006a-f, 2007a-e, 2008a-f, 2009a-d, 2010a-j]. Leadfree assemblies with Sn3Ag0.5Cu solder have been subjected to variety of thermal aging conditions including 60°C, 85°C and 125°C for periods of time between 1-week and 2-months, thermal cycling from −55°C to 125°C, −40°C to 95°C and 3°C to 100°C. The presented methodology uses leading indicators of failure based on microstructural evolution of damage to identify accrued damage in electronic systems subjected to sequential stresses of thermal aging and thermal cycling. Damage equivalency relationships have been developed to map damage accrued in thermal aging to the reduction in thermo-mechanical cyclic life based on damage proxies. Accrued damage between different thermal cyclic magnitudes has also been mapped for from −55°C to 125°C, −40°C to 95°C and 3°C to 100°C thermal cycles. The presented method for interrogation of the accrued damage for the field deployed electronics, significantly prior to failure, may allow insight into the damage initiation and progression of the deployed system. The expected error with interrogation of system state and assessment of residual life has been quantified.

Abstract Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) tapes (DuPont, 951 series), originally developed for monolithic packaging of interconnects and hybrid microelectronic circuitry, have been used in the last four years to develop a meso-scale integrated fluidic technology. The LTCC fluidic technology is shown to be versatile, inexpensive, fast, and free of packaging problems. The manufacturing basis for this technology is patterning of individual tapes, which are laminated and co-fired to create a layered 3-D structure. In this paper, we present another attractive facet of this technology by creating 3-D shell structures with a single layer of LTCC tape. The processing technique is illustrated with hemispherical and cylindrical shells that have internal 3-D conduits. A novel three degree-of-freedom spherical stepper motor is also presented as an application of an active device using magneto-statically actuated curved LTCC shells.

Alloy 617 is the leading candidate material for an intermediate heat exchanger for the very high temperature reactor (VHTR). As part of evaluating the behavior of this material in the expected service conditions, creep–fatigue testing was performed. The cycles to failure decreased compared to fatigue values when a hold time was added at peak tensile strain. At 850°C, increasing the tensile hold duration continued to degrade the creep–fatigue resistance, at least to the investigated strain–controlled hold time of up to 60 minutes at the 0.3% strain range and 240 minutes at the 1.0% strain range. At 950°C, the creep–fatigue cycles to failure are not further reduced with increasing hold duration, indicating saturation occurs at relatively short hold times. The creep and fatigue damage fractions have been calculated and plotted on a creep–fatigue interaction D–diagram. Test data from creep–fatigue tests at 800 and 1000°C on an additional heat of Alloy 617 are also plotted on the D–diagram.

Background: Post-menopausal women are at high risk for breast cancer. The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and breast cancer in post-menopausal women is not well understood. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and breast cancer using nationally representative sample surveys. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, we used seven cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2001 through 2014. Participants were non-institutionalized post-menopausal women (n=8100). Logistic regression was performed to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and breast cancer prevalence. A restricted cubic spline method was used to assess the non-linear association. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer was 3.3%, 4.0%, 4.6%, 6.4%, and 6.9% in the groups with serum 25(OH)D levels of <30, 30-<50, 50-<75, 75-<100, and ≥100 nmol/L, respectively. The risk of having breast cancer was significantly higher in the serum 25(OH)D 75-<100 nmol/L category compared to the 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L concentration [OR and 95% CI; 2.21 (1.23-3.98)]. Furthermore, a significant non-linear relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations (when used as a continuous variable) and breast cancer in all post-menopausal women (p for non-linear trend 0.032) was observed. Overall, the risk of breast cancer was highest (OR=1.5) between 70 nmol/L and 80 nmol/L of serum 25(OH)D concentration in all post-menopausal women. Conclusion: An adverse association was observed between serum 25(OH)D concentration and breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of vitamin D in cancer pathogenesis.

Introduction: It is known that breast cancer is the type of cancer that mostly affects women in the world, both in the developing and developed countries, with about 2.3 million new cases in 2020, comprising 25% of all cancers diagnosed in women. Vitamin D concentration has been studied as a risk and prognostic factor in women with breast cancer; its deficiency is common in women with postmenopausal breast cancer, and some evidence suggests that low vitamin D status increases the risk for disease development. The impact of vitamin D at the time of diagnosis on the outcome of patients with breast cancer is less well understood. In view of the increasing number of breast cancer survivors and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients with breast cancer, an evaluation of the role of vitamin D in prognosis and survival among patients with breast cancer is essential. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D (VD) levels at diagnosis and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in postmenopausal women treated for breast cancer. Methods: This is a single-center prospective cohort. The study included patients newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2014 and 2016, aged ≥45 years, and in amenorrhea for ≥12 months, and VD assessment at the time of diagnosis, before any cancer treatment. Patients were classified into three groups according to serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D]: sufficient (≥30 ng/mL), insufficient (between 20 and 29 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL). Clinical and anatomopathological data were collected. The primary outcome was OS and secondary outcomes were DFS and CSS. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression model were used to assess the association between 25(OH)D levels and OS, DFS, and CSS. Differences in survival were evaluated by hazard ratios (HRs). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee (CAAE: 71399117.2.0000.5411). Results: The study included 192 women with a mean age of 61.3±9.6 years at diagnosis, mean 25(OH)D levels of 25.8 ng/mL (ranging from 12.0 to 59.2 ng/mL), and follow-up period between 54 and 78 months. Sufficient VD levels were detected in 65 patients (33.9%), insufficient in 92 (47.9%), and deficient in 35 (18.2%). Patients with 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency had a larger proportion of high-grade tumors, locally advanced and with distant metastasis, positive axillary lymph nodes, negative estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR), and higher Ki67 index (p<0.05 ). The mean OS time was 54.4±20.2 months (range 9–78 months), and 51 patients (26.6%) died during the study period. Patients with VD deficiency and insufficiency at diagnosis had significantly lower OS, DFS, and CSS compared to patients with sufficient values (p <0.0001). After the adjustment for clinical and tumoral prognostic factors, patients with serum 25(OH)D levels considered deficient at the time of diagnosis had a significantly higher risk of global death (HR=4.65, 95%CI 1.65–13.12), higher risk of disease recurrence (HR=6.87, 95%CI 2.35–21.18), and higher risk of death from the disease (HR=5.91, 95%CI 1.98–17.60) than the group with sufficient 25(OH)D levels.

This paper present a new cooling system that adopted triple technologies: Rankine cycle, impingement jet, and mini channel heat exchanger. However the report of his paper will be concentrated in the impinging jet cooling. The established cooling system had capability of removing the maximum heat of 200 W from a single chip with D = 12 mm, which is equivalent to the heat flux of 177 W/cm2. The System maintained the maximum chip-surface temperature of less than 95 °C and the chip temperature variation of less than 2.5 °C. At ambient temperature of 30 °C, the surface temperature of heat exchanger is less than 65 °C.

Abstract System analysis is required to produce a development program for an oil and gas field which is a system formed of reservoir, production string, flow restrictions, flow lines and surface facilities. System analysis technique was applied to an oil field in Kazakstan in order to determine the efficient system for the field and to produce a development program. To model the components of the systems commercial softwares were used. The study was commenced with the analysis of data on the reservoir and production as input to the models. The models were tuned through history matching by modifying fluid properties of oil, and basic reservoir description parameters. Following the history match, performances of production strings of different sizes, with and without artificial lifting were compared to determine the most efficient production string for the field. The analysis verifies that considering the components of an oil and gas production system individually may result in performances lower than optimum. To search for the best development scheme, the production system must considered as a whole. It was determined that all the wells of SSTA, first reservoir unit, should be produced by making use of 2 7/8 in. tubing size, 100 stage D-12 pumps for wells W-77, W-95 and W-110, and 100 stage D-20 pumps for W-79 and W-111. For the other reservoir unit, SST5, use of 2 3/8 in. tubing with 100 stage D-20 pump was advantageous for W-98 and W-Y3, while use of 3 1/2 in. tubing with 200 stage D-12 pump was advantageous for W-116 and W-117. Finally in the study, development program was formed for the field using the mentioned string-artificial lift combinations. In the end, 517,068 m3 oil was produced from SSTA which corresponds to 42.7% of OOIP with no injection and new production wells. 738,956 m3 of oil was produced from SST5 which corresponds to 27.1% of the OOIP by injecting 1,375,000 m3 water and operating two new production wells.

The effect of roughness and form was investigated for toroidal-throat sonic nozzles, using both experimental and computational techniques. Eight, 10 mm diameter nozzles were specially made to investigate the effects of deviating from ISO 9300; these nozzles were measured for diameter, axial profile, roughness and roundness in order to assess the effects on discharge coefficient, Cd. Flow calibrations have revealed that roughness effects are negligible for Ra/d ≤ 4.5×10−5 (three times the limit of ISO 9300) in the turbulent regime (Re > 106), in keeping with previously published data taken in the laminar regime. Test data from three unpolished nozzles, of average Ra of ∼ 0.3 μm, also demonstrated that excellent reproducibility in Cd vs. Re (≤ 0.04%) might be achieved without the need for polishing. Data is also presented from recent primary gravimetric calibrations of NEL’s 16 reference nozzles. The data supports the proposed equation for normally machined nozzles over the Reynolds number range tested (0.17×106 < Re < 17×106), with the standard deviation from the ISO/CD 9300 curve being 0.27% (k = 2; 95% confidence) over the range 0.35×106 < Re < 17×106, provided d ≥ 3.8 mm.

This paper presents a statistical extreme value analysis (EVA) method for assessment of the minimum remaining thickness of tubes in industrial heat exchangers, including air-cooled heat exchangers and shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Five test cases are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the EVA method developed in this work. In each case, real inspection data from heat exchangers in petroleum refinery and petrochemical plant are analyzed, and the results discussed. The effectiveness of the EVA method is then evaluated per the Inspection Effectiveness definition used by American Petroleum Institute (API) for Risk-Based Inspection (RBI), so that the EVA method and results can be easily incorporated in API RBI assessment. It is found through these test cases that the most ideal sample size seems to be 20–30 tubes, regardless of the number of tubes in the heat exchanger. At that sample size, A, B, C and D levels of API RBI inspection effectiveness can be achieved by using the lower bound value of the 99%, 95%, 90%, and 80% confidence intervals, respectively.

Three-dimensional flow structures around and fluiddynamic forces acting on a rectangular cylinder in oscillatory flow were investigated by numerical simulation using finite volume method. The computations were carried out for three kinds of cross-sections with width/height ratio (d/H) d/H = 0.6, 1.0 and 2.0 and for the amplitude of oscillating flow in the range of 2.5 ≤ the Keulegan-Carpenter number (KC) ≤ 25, the Stokes number (β) = 95. The calculated flow patterns and the drag and inertia force coefficients of Morison equation acting on the cylinder were compared with the experimental ones using a U-tube water tank. In this paper, we note how the KC number and the width/height ratio of the cylinders affect the unsteady and three-dimensional flow structures such as the “longitudinal vortices” and “transverse street” which formed in the case of a circular cylinder fixed in oscillatory flow, and how the CD and the CM values of Morison coefficients change corresponding to the change of the behavior of the flow patterns. Furthermore the relationship between spanwise correlation coefficient of the transverse force R(x3), where x3 is the spanwise position from the bottom of the cylinder, and three-dimensional vortex structures were investigated.

Limited information exists about enrollment in Part D prescription coverage by Medicare beneficiaries with cancer. Part D coverage may increase access to medicines. This study evaluated patterns of Part D uptake and costs and assessed the effects of coverage on hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) use among people with colorectal cancer (CRC). We analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare linked data on fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries with at least 36 months of follow-up who were diagnosed with CRC at any point from January 2007 through December 2010, and a matched cohort of beneficiaries without cancer. Dual (Medicare/Medicaid) enrollees were excluded because they are automatically enrolled in Part D. Among beneficiaries with CRC (n=12,774), 39 percent had complete Part D coverage, defined as coverage in the diagnosis year and 2 subsequent years; the rate was 38 percent in the matched comparison cohort (P=.119). Among those with complete Part D coverage, there was no significant difference in annual prescription drug costs between people with CRC ($3,157, 95% confidence interval [CI]: $3,098–$3,216) and without ($3,113, 95% CI: $3,054–$3,172). Among people with CRC, odds of ED use ranged from unchanged to marginally higher for those with no or partial Part D coverage, (adjusted odds ratio: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18), compared with those with complete Part D coverage. Lack of continuous Part D coverage was associated with more ED use among Medicare FFS beneficiaries with CRC in 2007–2013. Among people with Part D coverage, prescription drug costs varied little between those with CRC and matched beneficiaries without cancer.