Relevant bibliographies by topics / 2-DPA

Academic literature on the topic '2-DPA'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "2-DPA"

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Mao, Fu-Lin, Jian-Qing Tao, and Chun-Hua Dai. "Syntheses and structural characterization of coordination polymers of Cu(II) and Zn(II) chlorobenzoates and bis(pyridin-4-yl)-substituted species." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 70, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2014-0193.

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AbstractThe reaction of Cu(II) nitrate with sodium 2-chlorobenzoate (NaL1) and (E)-1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethene (dpe) yields a new complex [Cu(L1)2(dpe)(H2O)] (1). When Zn(II) nitrate reacts with sodium 4-chlorobenzoate (NaL2) and 1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethane (dpa), [Zn(L2)2(dpa)]·CH3OH (2) is obtained. Complexes 1 and 2 have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. 1 shows a 3D CdS network structure with uninodal 4-connected (65.8) topology; complex 2 displays a chain structure.
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Lescouëzec, Rodrigue, Gabriela Marinescu, M. Carmen Muñoz, Dominique Luneau, Marius Andruh, Francesc Lloret, Juan Faus, et al. "[Cr(dpa)(ox)2]–: a new bis-oxalato building block for the design of heteropolymetallic systems. Crystal structures and magnetic properties of PPh4[Cr(dpa)(ox)2], AsPh4[Cr(dpa)(ox)2], Hdpa[Cr(dpa)(ox)2]·4H2O, Rad[Cr(dpa)(ox)2]·H2O and Sr[Cr(dpa)(ox)2]2·8H2O (dpa = 2,2′-dipyridylamine)." New Journal of Chemistry 25, no. 10 (2001): 1224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b104469a.

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Ashenhurst, James, Lorenzo Brancaleon, Shu Gao, Wang Liu, Hartmut Schmider, Suning Wang, Gang Wu, and Q. G. Wu. "Blue Luminescent Organoaluminum Compounds: Al(CH3)2(dpa), Al2(CH3)5(dpa)2, Al4(O)2(CH3)6(dpa)2, and Al(pfap)3, dpa = Deprotonated Di-2-pyridylamine, pfap = Deprotonated 2-Pentafluoroanilinopyridine." Organometallics 17, no. 24 (November 1998): 5334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om980536h.

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Zeng, Xi-Rui, Xiao-Niu Fang, Shie-Ming Peng, and Hsiu-Mei Lin. "Bis(μ-di-2-pyridylaminato 1-oxide)bis[(trifluoroacetato)copper(II)] acetonitrile disolvate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 59, no. 11 (October 31, 2003): m497—m498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010827010302064x.

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The crystal structure of the title compound, [Cu2(C2F3O2)2(C10H8N3O)2]·2CH3CN, contains discrete [Cu2(CF3COO)2(O-dpa)2] molecules (O-dpaH is di-2-pyridylamine 1-oxide) which have imposed crystallographic twofold symmetry and an acetonitrile molecule of solvation. The O-dpa− ligand is both bidentate and bridging, linking two Cu atoms with a separation of 3.4270 (11) Å. Each Cu atom is surrounded by four coordinated atoms that are almost coplanar, with dimensions Cu—N = 1.940 (2) and 1.984 (3) Å, and Cu—O = 1.912 (2) and 1.945 (2) Å.
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Du, Miao, Ya-Mei Guo, Shen-Tan Chen, Xian-He Bu, and Joan Ribas. "Crystal structures, spectra and magnetic properties of di-2-pyridylamine (dpa) CuII complexes [Cu(dpa)2(N3)2]·(H2O)2 and [Cu2(μ-ox)(dpa)2(CH3CN)2](ClO4)2." Inorganica Chimica Acta 346 (March 2003): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1693(02)01430-5.

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Wang, Hui, Xian‐Fu Zheng, Xiao‐Qing Shen, Hong‐Yun Zhang, Rui Yang, Hong‐Wei Hou, and Yu Zhu. "Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes with dpa and dca: [Ni(dpa)2(dca)2] and [Cu(dpa)2(dca)2] (dpa=2, 2′‐Dipyridylamine, dca=Sodium Dicyanamide) Ligands." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry 36, no. 8 (September 1, 2006): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15533170600910355.

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Bose, Doyel, Sk Hafijur Rahaman, Golam Mostafa, Rosa D. Bailey Walsh, Michael J. Zaworotko, and Barindra K. Ghosh. "Synthesis, structure and properties of [Zn(dpa)(N3)2] and [Zn(dpa)(N3)(NO3)]2 (dpa=2,2′-dipyridylamine): composition tailored architectures." Polyhedron 23, no. 4 (February 2004): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2003.10.012.

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Clérac, Rodolphe, F. Albert Cotton, Kim R. Dunbar, Tongbu Lu, Carlos A. Murillo, and Xiaoping Wang. "New Linear Tricobalt Complex of Di(2-pyridyl)amide (dpa), [Co3(dpa)4(CH3CN)2][PF6]2†." Inorganic Chemistry 39, no. 14 (July 2000): 3065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic000042o.

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Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena, and Wolney Lisboa Conde. "Secular trends in dietary patterns of young children in Brazil from 1996 to 2006." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 16 (August 15, 2017): 2937–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017001938.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe dietary patterns (DP) from 1996 to 2006 and in the first 5 years of life and to explore individual and contextual characteristics associated with each DP.DesignDP were defined by principal component analysis. The association between DP and individual (sociodemographic, maternal and child) and contextual (geographic regional and year) characteristics was analysed by multilevel analysis.SettingTwo complex probabilistic Brazilian Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS 1996, 2006).SubjectsBrazilian children under 5 years of age.ResultsDP1 included yoghurt, vegetables, fruits, tubers, red meat. DP2 included liquids, milk, fruits, egg/chicken/fish, red meat, breast milk (negative loading). DP3 included fruit juices, ‘papilla’, yoghurt, red meat (negative loading). DP4 included formulas, milk, enriched ‘papilla’, egg/chicken/fish (negative loading). DP prevalence within the age range from 1996 to 2006 remained constant for DP1; increased after 12 and 6 months, respectively, for DP2 and DP3; and decreased for DP4. DP1 was explained by higher maternal education, wealth, lower number of children at home; DP2 by living in rural area and younger mothers; and DP4 by lower maternal education and wealth. The total variance of the model attributable to geographic region was 30·2, 20·7 and 54·2 % for DP2, DP3 and DP4, respectively.ConclusionsDP trends observed from 1996 to 2006 show positive aspects, such as: maintenance of DP1 as the main DP after 12 months; an increase in the prevalence of DP2 and DP3 followed by a decrease of DP4 after 6 months. DP1 is explained mainly by socio-economic factors, regardless of contextual characteristics, and DP2, DP3, DP4 are partially explained by contextual effects.
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RIAHI, SIAVASH, MOHAMMAD REZA GANJALI, ABDOLMAJID BAYANDORI MOGHADDAM, and PARVIZ NOROUZI. "THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF (E)-3-(4, 5-DIHYDROXY-2-(PHENYLSULPHONYL) PHENYL) ACRYLIC ACID AS A NEW CAFFEIC ACID DERIVATIVE." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 06, no. 02 (June 2007): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633607003052.

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The electrode potentials of (E)-3-(4,5-dihydroxy-2-(phenylsulphonyl) phenyl) acrylic acid (DPA), as a new caffeic acid derivative, in aqueous solution have been calculated. DPA has two geometric structures, cis and trans. Since the cis structure of caffeic is unstable, it cannot be found in nature, but in this research, its electrode potential have been calculated theoretically. The calculations have been performed using ab initio molecular orbital calculations (HF), and density functional theory (DFT) with the inclusion of entropic and thermochemical corrections to yield free energies of redox reactions. The electrode potential was also obtained experimentally by means of an electrochemical technique (cyclic voltammetry) and it was 335 mV for trans structure. The theoretical and experimental values for the electrode potential of the studied molecule are in excellent agreement. Geometric parameters and vibrational frequencies values of DPA and (2E)-3-(3,4-dioxo-6-(phenylsulfonyl) cyclohexa-1,5-dienyl)acrylic acid (DPDA is the oxidized form of DPA), were computed using same methods. The calculated IR spectrum of DPA used for the assignment of IR frequencies was observed in the experimental FT-IR spectrum. Correlations between theoretical and experimental vibrational frequencies of DPA molecule were 0.996. The agreement mutually verifies the accuracy of the experimental method and the validity of the applied mathematical model.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "2-DPA"

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Mathisa, Thevar Ramasamy Thevar Sethu Raja Durai, and s3085094@student rmit edu au. "Investigations into Group J herbicide resistance in Nasella trichotoma and Sporobolus fertilis and biological control of S.fertilis using the pathogen Nigrospora oryzae." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090316.143847.

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Serrated tussock (Nassella trichotoma) and Giant Parramatta Grass (Sporobolus fertilis) are among the most noxious weeds in Australia. Both cause problems in pasture and there are limited control measures relying heavily on the herbicide flupropanate. With the recent confirmation of flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock and the report of suspected flupropanate resistance in Giant Parramatta Grass (GPG), this option appeared to be under threat.The aims of this thesis were to determine the extent of flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock and GPG in Australia and to understand the genetics of flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock. This thesis also documents the GPG resistance to 2,2-DPA and investigates a fungal pathogen, Nigrospora oryzae, as a potential biocontrol agent for GPG. A local paddock survey determined the spread and extent of flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock within 5 km of the original resistant site. The pot-dose method of assessing resistance identified plants resistant to flupropanate up to 3.5 km from the original site found in Victoria. Seeds from these plants showed 0-100% resistance, with sensitive plants often having a low („T5%) level of resistant seed. These results indicate the movement of flupropanate resistance through seeds or pollen and shows that its spread occurred within one year of detection. A national mail survey confirmed the massive impacts of serrated tussock across Australia, with annual serrated tussock costs ranging from $15,000 to $16,000 per year per respondent. This survey also identified the widespread infestation of this weed in a variety of land use patterns, from pasture to native grasslands, and the decrease in the value of farmland as a result. Heritability studies using controlled breeding experiments indicated a strong involvement of a maternal component in the inheritance of flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock, with a minor proportion of resistance heritable through pollen. GPG plants and seedlings were tested for flupropanate and 2,2-DPA resistance.Seedlings tested for flupropanate resistance were highly resistant (tolerating 33-39 times more than sensitive biotypes). With 2,2-DPA, resistant GPG plants did not die even at 14 times the field rate and resistant seedlings also showed 5-6 times more resistance than the sensitive biotype. The study has confirmed that flupropanate and 2,2-DPA resistance now exists in GPG.The potential of Nigrospora oryzae, a pathogenic fungus, as a biocontrol agent for GPG was determined. Mature plants and seedlings of GPG were inoculated with conidia of N. oryzae using three treatments (run-off, crown, and spray). Inoculated plants were smaller, with greater proportions of dead leaves (70% with the run-off a nd crown treatments and 53% with the spray treatment) than the control plants. GPG seedlings inoculated with N. oryzae were stunted and showed greater proportions of necrotic leaves in all the treatments than the control. There is potential to develop N. oryzae as a mycoherbicide to control GPG and further testing is warranted.
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Duchovnay, Alan. "Comparative Electrochemistry, Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy and Spectroelectrochemistry of the Monometallic Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes, [Ru(Bpy)(Dpb)2](Pf6)2, [Ru(Bpy)2(Dpb)](Pf6)2, [Ru(Bpy)2(Dpq)](Pf6)2, [Ru(Bpy)(Dpq)2](Pf6)2." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31917.

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The novel compound [Ru(bpy)(dpb)â (PFâ )â was synthesized, in a manner similar to the literature synthesis of [Ru(bpy)(dpq)â (PFâ )â . For the sake of completeness, the related analogs, [Ru(bpy)â (dpb)](PFâ )â , [Ru(bpy)â (dpq)](PFâ )â and [Ru(bpy)(dpq)â ](PFâ )â were also synthesized. Alumina adsorption chromatography was used for purification purposes. Liquid secondary ion mass spectroscopy was used to confirm identity of compounds. The new compound contained 1% electroactive impurity as determined by OSWV. Spectroelectrochemical studies were conducted with both a bulk H-cell and a ~0.2 mm pathlength, optically transparent thin layer electrode (OTTLE) cell. High reversibility (a 99%) is possible with dilute solutions (ca 10⠻⠴ M) and the OTTLE cell as compared to ca 50% with the H-cell. Spectroelectrochemical data supported the following electronic transitions for the new compound [Ru(bpy)(dpb)â ](PFâ )â : (1) the Ru (dÏ ) â dpb MLCT at 552 nm, (2) a d â d at 242 nm, a bpy Ï â Ï * at 285 nm. (3) The location of the Ru (dÏ ) â bpy MLCT peak is obscured by shoulders from 390-420 nm. (4) The strong peak at 316 nm may be dpb Ï â Ï â *, the location of the lower energy intraligand dpb Ï â Ï â * is uncertain. Upon oxidation of the metal center, no LMCT was observed within the UV-VIS range. This is in direct contrast to the results of Gordon et al. This author hypothesizes that their LMCT found in the visible region was actually the result of incomplete electrochemical conversion and that a LMCT should be seen in the NIR. The spectroelectrochemical properties of [Ru(bpy)(dpq)â ](PFâ )â were also presented for the first time. These results indicated that the 256 nm transition was d â d and not bpy Ï â Ï â * as suggested by Rillema et al.
Master of Science
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Can, Kadir Utku. "D*dpi Coupling Constant In 2+1 Flavor Lattice Qcd." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614698/index.pdf.

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Developments in high-performance computing instruments and advancements in the numerical algorithms combined with lattice gauge theory make it possible to simulate Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strongly-interacting quarks and gluons, numerically at nearly physical light-quark masses. In this work we present our results for the $D^*Dpi$ coupling constant as simulated on $32^3 imes 64$, unquenched $2+1$-flavor lattices. We estimate the coupling at the chiral limit as $g_{D^*Dpi} = 16.23 pm 1.71$, which is in good agreement with its experimental value $g^{(exp)}_{D^*Dpi} = 17.9pm0.3pm1.9$ as obtained by CLEO II Collaboration.
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Bellé, Luziane Potrich. "AVALIAÇÃO DE BIOMARCADORES INFLAMATÓRIOS E DA ATIVIDADE DA ADENOSINA DEAMINASE E DIPEPTIDIL PEPTIDASE IV EM LINFÓCITOS DE PACIENTES COM DIABETES MELITO TIPO 2." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8975.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due defective or deficient response to insulin secretion. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) is therefore associated with a general activation of the innate immune system, in which there is a chronic, cytokine-mediated state of low-grade inflammation. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) is a cell-surface protease that bind with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and both enzymes act in the lymphocytes proliferation and citokyne production. Vitis vinifera is a plant that has been studied due its pharmacology effects including the hypoglycemic properties. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate some inflammatory biomarkers, the ADA and DPP-IV activities in type 2 DM and investigate the effects of aqueous grape seed extract from Vitis vinifera (cv. Merlot) (GSE) in the ADA and DPP-IV activities in lymphocytes submitted to different glucose concentrations, in vitro. In the manuscript I, in lymphocytes, we observed a decrease in CD26 expression, an increase in ADA and n-acetil-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities in type 2 DM patients when compared to controls, while the gamma-glutamyl tranferase (GGT) and DPP-IV activities did not show differences between the groups. Moreover, the NAG activity demonstrated a positive correlation with ADA activity and a negative, with CD26 expression. GGT activity was positively correlated with waist circumference and body mass index (BMI), in type 2 DM. In the manuscript II, we observed we observed an increase in ADA activity when lymphocytes were exposure to the high concentration (100mM) of glucose and GSE prevented this increase in ADA activity. In serum, in the manuscript I, we showed an increase in ADA activity and in C reactive protein (CRP) levels in type 2 DM. Furthermore, the levels of CRP in diabetics were positively correlated with waist circumference and BMI. The GGT and DPP-IV activities did not show alterations between the groups, but in type 2 DM the DPP-IV activity was positively correlated with glicated hemoglobin. We concluded that, glucose might stimulated the ADA activity in the same time that it cause decrease in CD26 expression, in lymphocytes. Moreover, GSE prevents the ADA activation in presence of glucose possible due its hypoglycemic properties.
O diabetes melito (DM) é uma desordem metabólica caracterizada por hiperglicemia em virtude de resposta defeituosa ou deficiente à secreção de insulina. O DM tipo 2 (DM 2) está associado com a ativação do sistema imune, no qual há uma inflamação de baixo grau mediada por citocinas. A dipeptidil peptidase IV (DPP-IV, CD26) é uma protease multifuncional e na superfície celular ela encontra-se ligada a adenosina deaminase (ADA). Ambas estão envolvidas na proliferação de linfócitos e na produção de citocinas inflamatórias. A Vitis vinifera é uma planta que tem sido estudada devido suas propriedades farmacológicas, dentre essas, por apresentar efeitos hipoglicêmiantes. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar biomarcadores inflamatórios, a atividade da ADA e da DPP-IV em pacientes com DM 2, e verificar o efeito do extrato aquoso de sementes de Vitis vinifera (cv. Merlot) sobre a atividade da ADA e da DPP-IV em linfócitos expostos a diferentes concentrações de glicose, in vitro. Em linfócitos, no manuscrito I observamos uma diminuição na expressão do CD26, um aumento na atividade da ADA e da n-acetil-β-d-glicosaminidase (NAG) em pacientes com DM 2 em relação aos controles, enquanto que a atividade da gamaglutamil transferase (GGT) e da DPP-IV não se alterou. Também, a atividade da NAG linfocitária em pacientes com DM 2 mostrou-se positivamente relacionada com a atividade da ADA e negativamente com a expressão do CD26 e a atividade da GGT mostrou-se positivamente relacionada à circunferência abdominal e ao IMC. Já no manuscrito II, observamos um aumento na atividade da ADA quando os linfócitos forma expostos a 100mM de glicose e este aumento foi atenuado quando, expostos a glicose e extrato aquoso de sementes de Vitis vinifera. Em soro, no manuscrito I, observamos um aumento na atividade da ADA e também nos níveis de proteína C reativa (PCR) em pacientes com DM 2. Além disso, os níveis de PCR em diabéticos mostraram-se positivamente correlacionados com a circunferência abdominal e o índice de massa corporal (IMC) desses pacientes. A atividade da GGT e da DPP-IV não mostraram diferenças entre os grupos. No entanto, a atividade da DPP-IV sérica mostrou-se correlacionada com os níveis de hemoglobina glicada nos pacientes com DM 2. Conclui-se que, a glicose possa estimular a atividade da ADA ao mesmo tempo em que provoca uma redução da expressão do CD26 em linfócitos. Além disso, o extrato aquoso de sementes de Vitis vinifera é capaz de impedir a ativação da atividade da ADA em presença de glicose possivelmente devido suas propriedades hipoglicemiantes.
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Satheesh, Varma Nikhil. "Design and implementation of an approximate full adder and its use in FIR filters." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniksystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-89430.

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Implementation of the polyphase decomposed FIR filter structure involves two steps; the generation of the partial products and the efficient reduction of the generated partial products. The partial products are generated by a constant multiplication of the filter coefficients with the input data and the reduction of the partial products is done by building a pipelined adder tree using FAs and HAs. To improve the speed and to reduce the complexity of the reduction tree a4:2 counter is introduced into the reduction tree. The reduction tree is designed using a bit-level optimized ILP problem which has the objective function to minimize the overall cost of the hardware used. For this purpose the layout design for a 4:2 counter has been developed and the cost function has been derived by comparing the complexity of the design against a standard FA design. The layout design for a 4:2 counter is implemented in a 65nm process using static CMOS logic style and DPL style. The average power consumption drawn from a 1V power supply, for the static CMOS design was found to be 16.8μWand for the DPL style it was 12.51μW. The worst case rise or fall time for the DPL logic was 350ps and for the static CMOS logic design it was found to be 260ps. The usage of the 4:2 counter in the reduction tree infused errors into the filter response, but it helped to reduce the number of pipeline stages and also to improve the speed of the partial product reduction.
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Paquin, Marie-Christine. "Mécanismes de contrôle du facteur de transcription E2F4 dans les cellules épithéliales intestinales normales et cancéreuses." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6250.

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L'épithélium intestinal est en constant renouvellement et les mécanismes qui contrôlent la prolifération y sont parfaitement orchestrés. Le facteur de transcription E2F4 est un régulateur clé de la transition G1/S, de la prolifération et de l'homéostasie des cellules épithéliales intestinales. Contrairement à E2F1, la localisation cellulaire d'E2F4 varie en fonction de l'état prolifératif des cellules : il est exprimé majoritairement au cytoplasme des cellules quiescentes ou différenciées et au noyau des cellules prolifératives. Dans cette thèse, les mécanismes de contrôle de la localisation d'E2F4, de sa phosphorylation et de son expression, de même que les mécanismes qui contrôlent l'entrée en phase S des cellules épithéliales intestinales normales humaines (HIEC) ont été analysés. Nos résultats démontrent que l'activation de la signalisation MEK/ERK par le sérum est requise pour la translocation nucléaire d'E2F4 et la transition G 1/S des HIEC. Par contre, la stimulation du sentier MEK/ERK par l'EGF n'est pas suffisante à induire ces événements: l'inhibition concomitante des GSK3?/? ou des p38?/? est aussi requise. En effet, la combinaison de l'EGF ou du FGF9 avec un inhibiteur pharmacologique des GSK3 entraîne la translocation nucléaire d'E2F4 et l'entrée en phase S. De manière analogue, l'inhibition des p38 en combinaison avec l'EGF cause aussi la translocation nucléaire d'E2F4 et l'entrée en phase S des HIEC. Par ailleurs, l'activation des IKK?/? semble aussi requise pour la translocation nucléaire d'E2F4 et la transition G1/S des HIEC induites par le sérum. Ensuite, nos résultats indiquent qu'E2F4 est rapidement phosphorylé suivant la stimulation par le sérum de manière dépendante du sentier MEK/ERK. Ainsi, des essais kinases in vitro démontrent qu'ERK1 phosphoryle efficacement E2F4, potentiellement sur les S244 et S384. Nos résultats suggèrent aussi que GSK3? interagit avec E2F4, principalement dans les cellules quiescentes, et pourrait alors le phosphoryler. Par ailleurs, E2F4 est phosphorylé, surexprimé et localisé au noyau des adénomes colorectaux humains. De plus, les mutants d'E2F4 retrouvés dans les cancers colorectaux avec instabilité des microsatellites, E2F4(Ser) 12 et E2F4(Ser)14 , sont plus fortement exprimés en raison d'une stabilité accrue et ont une meilleure activité transcriptionnelle. Nous démontrons aussi l'existence de 2 formes principales du partenaire d'interaction d'E2F4, DP-2, exprimées dans les HIEC: DP-2 40 , dont l'expression augmente avec l'entrée en phase S et DP-266 , dont l'expression diminue. De plus, DP-2 40 est surexprimée dans les cancers colorectaux humains et pourrait alors y favoriser la localisation nucléaire d'E2F4. En conclusion, nous avons identifié des mécanismes de régulation du facteur de transcription E2F4 et de l'entrée en phase S des HIEC. Cependant, ces mécanismes sont altérés lors de la carcinogenèse. D'ailleurs, la surexpression et la localisation aberrante d'E2F4 de même que la surexpression de DP-2 40 dans les cancers colorectaux pourraient contribuer à l'hyperprolifération et à la formation de cancers dans le côlon et le rectum. [symboles non conformes]
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Schmitz, Joel R. "Computational and Experimental Investigations Concerning Rare Gas and DPAL Lasers and a Relaxation Kinetics Investigation of the Br2 + 2NO = 2BrNO Equilibrium." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1495116678312251.

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Recabarren, Gajardo Gonzalo Iván. "Estudio de Síntesis de 2-[Oxoalquil](4-Arilpiperazinil)]-Benzo[b]Tiofenos Sustituidos. Evaluación de su Afinidad Serotoninérgica Mediante Ensayos de Competencia Frente A [3H]-8-OH-DPAT." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105158.

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Tesis para optar al Grado de Doctor en Química
La depresión es una grave patología neuropsiquiátrica caracterizada por síntomas de orden afectivo, cognitivo, motor y somático, la cual es desencadenada por una compleja interconexión de factores genéticos, de desarrollo y medioambientales. Los desórdenes depresivos se encuentran entre las causas más importantes de muerte y discapacidad tanto en los países industrializados como en los países en vías de desarrollo. Se ha propuesto que en los episodios depresivos existe una deficiencia en la neurotransmisión serotoninérgica, sugiriendo de esta forma que la serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina, 5-HT) sería el principal neurotransmisor involucrado en esta patología. La 5-HT es un neurotransmisor que se encuentra en el sistema nervioso central (SNC) y en el sistema nervioso periférico de muchas especies, y está involucrado en una amplia variedad de procesos fisiológicos y patológicos. A la fecha se ha confirmado la existencia de al menos catorce subtipos de receptores de 5-HT. Dentro de los receptores de 5-HT, el subtipo 5-HT1A (un receptor acoplado a proteína G, GPCR) es el mejor estudiado y caracterizado. Múltiples estudios fisiológicos, clínicos, conductuales y farmacológicos han involucrado a este receptor en una amplia variedad de funciones tales como termorregulación y función neuroendocrina, comportamiento sexual, memoria, función inmune, comportamiento agresivo, depresión y ansiedad entre otras. Sin embargo a causa de la afinidad cruzada de diversos ligandos del receptor 5-HT1A por el receptor 5-HT7, muchas de las funciones atribuidas en primera instancia al receptor 5-HT1A deben ser revisadas. Se cree que la regulación del receptor 5-HT1A es esencial en la respuesta antidepresiva. Estos receptores se encuentran localizados presinápticamente en el núcleo del rafe dorsal, donde actúan como autoreceptores somatodendríticos para inhibir la velocidad de disparo de las neuronas serotoninérgicas, y están localizados postsinápticamente en las regiones corticales y límbicas, donde actúan atenuando la actividad de disparo a través de circuitos de retroalimentación neuronal entre las áreas de proyección del cortéx y amígdala. Los tratamientos farmacológicos para la depresión aumentan la biodisponibilidad de 5-HT a través del bloqueo de su recaptación por los terminales nerviosos en distintas estructuras del SNC. Este aumento en los niveles de 5-HT ocurre rápidamente, sin embargo, el inicio del efecto terapéutico tarda de 2-6 semanas en hacerse efectivo con los fármacos actuales. La investigación actual contra la depresión se centra en el desarrollo de fármacos híbridos que inhiban la recaptación de 5-HT y exhiban un antagonismo sobre los autoreceptores somatodendríticos 5-HT1A con el propósito de acelerar el inicio del efecto terapéutico. Existe una amplia variedad de moléculas que presentan afinidad en los receptores 5-HT1A tales como aminotetralinas, indolilalquilaminas, ergolinas y arilpiperazinas entre otras. Las arilpiperazinas representan la clase de ligandos más grande y exhaustivamente estudiada del receptor 5-HT1A. En este sentido el objetivo principal de este trabajo es aportar al conocimiento en relación con moléculas con potencial acción antidepresiva; mediante estudios de síntesis, afinidad serotoninérgica y modelamiento molecular de una serie de nuevos derivados de 2-oxoalquil(4-arilpiperazinil)]-benzo[b]tiofeno sustituido (I), (II) y (III). El diseño de las moléculas se basó en el acoplamiento de diversas arilpiperazinas sustituidas con estructuras relacionadas a la inhibición de la recaptación de serotonina (γ-ariloxipropilaminas). Se estudió la influencia sobre la afinidad al receptor 5-HT1A, de diversas sustituciones en el anillo aromático unido a piperazina (en términos de tamaño, posición y carácter electrónico) y de sustituyentes dadores de electrones (metoxilo) sobre el anillo de benzo[b]tiofeno. Mediante síntesis asistida por microondas se llevó a cabo la síntesis de 18 compuestos (pertenecientes a las familias (I), (II) y (III)) con buenos rendimientos (38 88%). La afinidad de estos compuestos por los receptores serotoninérgicos afines a 8-hidroxi-2-(N,N-di-n-propilamino)tetralina (8-OH-DPAT) se evaluó in Vitro mediante estudios de competencia frente a [3H]-8-OH-DPAT utilizando membranas de corteza cerebral de rata. Los compuestos 1-(benzotiofen-2-il)-3-(4-(piridin 2-il)piperazin-1-il)propan-1-ona (2.27) y 1-(benzotiofen-2-il)-3-(4-(2-metoxifenil)piperazin-1-il)propan-1-ona (2.25) exhibieron los mejores porcentajes de inhibición de la unión de [3H]-OH-DPAT en los estudios de competencia con un 60 y un 52% respectivamente. El compuesto 2.27 exhibió un IC50 de 2,50 µM y una constante de inhibición (Ki) de 2,30 µM. Adicionalmente se determinó la presencia de 2 sitios de unión para [3H]-8-OH-DPAT en las membranas de corteza cerebral de rata. Los valores obtenidos de Kd y Bmáx fueron 0,47 ± 0,17 nM y 1,11 ± 0,19 fmol/mg proteína; y 55,54 ± 12,40 nM y 31,86 ± 3,49 fmol/mg proteína respectivamente. Estos sitios de unión correlacionan bien con los receptores serotoninérgicos 5-HT1A y 5-HT7. Este hallazgo pone en entredicho anteriores estudios que informaban la existencia de una población homogénea de receptores de 5-HT afines a 8-OH-DPAT en corteza cerebral de rata. Con el fin de racionalizar los resultados de los experimentos de competencia se realizó un estudio del acoplamiento molecular (docking) entre los compuestos evaluados y un modelo por homología de la estructura 3D del receptor 5-HT1A. Las interacciones electrostáticas atractivas observadas (puentes de hidrógeno entre el N-1 y el N-4 protonados del compuesto con el D116 y N185 del receptor respectivamente) para el complejo ligando-receptor del compuesto 2.27 explicarían en parte la afinidad observada para este compuesto. Por otra parte, la presencia de un sustituyente en posición 4 del anillo aromático unido a piperazina se mostró perjudicial para la unión de los compuestos al receptor (2.8, 2.12, 2.15 y 2.26), especialmente en el caso de un sustituyente nitro (2.9y 2.26) debido probablemente a su mayor volumen y carácter electronegativo. Este hecho fue confirmado por la presencia de interacciones repulsivas en el complejo ligando-receptor entre el sustituyente y los residuos L179 y N185 del sitio de unión. Los valores de energías de docking observados para los distintos complejos ligandoreceptor correlacionan de forma directa con la afinidad exhibida por los compuestos en los estudios de competencia. Estos resultados podrían ser extrapolables al receptor 5-HT7, dada la alta conservación de los residuos presentes en el sitio de unión de ambos receptores. Los estudios efectuados en esta tesis muestran que el compuesto 2.27 perteneciente a la familia (III), constituye un punto de partida para nuevas modificaciones estructurales en busca de mejorar la afinidad en el receptor 5-HT1A.
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9

Oliveira, Cristina da Silva Schreiber de. "Efeito do inibidor da DPP-IV sobre glicemia, glucagon, insulina, peptídeo C, GLP-1 e ácidos graxos livres após dietas isocalóricas de diferentes composições nutricionais em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 virgens de tratamentos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-16092013-154823/.

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Introdução: A sitagliptina, inibidor da dipeptidil-peptidase IV, impede a degradação do GLP-1 (peptídeo-1 semelhante ao glucagon), um dos principais hormônios incretínicos. A dieta interfere na secreção de GLP-1, no entanto, a interação das drogas que aumentam o GLP-1 e os macronutrientes da dieta é pouco estudada. Objetivo e Métodos: Determinar o efeito da sitagliptina, na secreção de GLP-1, glucagon, insulina, peptídeo-C, ácidos graxos livres e na glicemia após três dietas, isocalóricas, de diferentes composições nutricionais em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, recém-diagnosticados, virgens de tratamento, quando comparado a uso de placebo. Dezesseis indivíduos nessas condições foram submetidos a dietas hiperglicídica, hiperprotêica e hiperlipídica, isocalóricas entre si. Dosaram-se nos tempos 0, 30, 60, 120 e 180 minutos os parâmetros: glicose, insulina, peptídeo C, GLP-1, glucagon e AGL. Foi calculada média de área sob a curva e cálculo da área incremental, além de análise de variância para medidas repetidas. Resultados: Durante o teste de dieta hiperglicídica a glicemia foi maior em todos os tempos quando comparado aos testes com PTN e LPD independentemente do uso de sitagliptina (p<0,05). Sitagliptina diminuiu a glicemia em todos os tempos, quando comparado ao uso de placebo (p<0,05). Durante a dieta CHO, a secreção de glucagon foi menor que nas dietas LPD e PTN (p<0,05). Já a concentração de insulina foi maior com a dieta CHO em relação à dieta LPD (p<0,05). A concentração de insulina e peptídeo C foi maior em todos os tempos na dieta CHO (p<0,05). A concentração de GLP-1 foi significativamente maior durante o teste hiperlipídico em relação à dieta CHO. Durante a dieta LPD, a medida de GLP-1 foi maior em todos os tempos. A dieta CHO apresentou medida de GLP-1 menor em todos os tempos do que as outras dietas (p<0,05). A medida de GLP-1 no tempo foi maior (até 120\') com o uso de sitagliptina do que com o uso do placebo, apesar de não estatisticamente significativa. Os níveis de AGL no tempo foram maiores com o uso do placebo do que com o uso da sitagliptina, apesar de não estatisticamente significativo. Conclusão: Houve diminuição da glicemia em todos os tempos com sitagliptina, independentemente da dieta testada. Houve diminuição do efeito da sitagliptina durante o uso da dieta hiperglicídica
Background: Sitagliptin, a dipeptidil-peptidase IV inhibitor, prevents the degradation of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1), one of the incretin hormones. It is well-known that diet interferes in the GLP-1 secretion; however, the interaction between drugs that stimulates the release of GLP-1 and the macronutrients from diet is hardly studied. Objective and Methods: To demonstrate the effect of sitagliptin on glycemia, and on the secretion of GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, C-peptide, and free fatty acids after three isocaloric diets with different nutritional compositions, in drug-naïve patients, newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, when compared to the use of placebo. Sixteen individuals were subjected to a high-carbohydrate diet, a high-protein diet, and a high-fat diet, all of which with similar caloric values. At 0, 30, 60, 120 and180 minutes after the diet, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GLP-1, glucagon, and AGL were measured. The mean area under the curve, the incremental area, and the variance for repeated measures were calculated. Results: During high-carbohydrate diet, glycemia was higher for all time points, when compared to the PTN and LPD diets, independently of sitagliptin (p<0,05). Sitagliptin reduced glycemia during three diets when compared to placebo (p<0,05). During CHO diet, secretion of glucagon was smaller than it was during the LDP and PTN diets (p<0,05). On the other hand, insulin concentration was higher than during the LPD diet (p<0,05). Concentrations of insulin and C-peptide were higher for all the time points during the CHO diet (p<0,05). GLP-1 concentration was significantly higher during the high-fat diet than during the high-carbohydrate diet. During the LPD diet, the quantity of the GLP-1 was larger for all time points. The CHO diet presented lower GLP-1 level, for all the time points, than the other diets (p<0,05). The GLP-1 level (up to 120min) with the use of sitagliptin was higher with LPD and PTN diet than it was with the CHO diet. The AGL levels for all time points were higher with placebo than with sitagliptin, although not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was a reduction in glycemia with sitagliptin, independently of the diet tested, for all time points. There was a reduction in sitagliptin effect during the use of the high-carbohydrate diet
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Triebel, Frédéric. "Analyse fonctionnelle et structurale des antigènes membranaires ayant un rôle dans la réponse proliférative de clones lymphocytaires T humains spécifiques de l'anatoxine diphtérique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066147.

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Books on the topic "2-DPA"

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IV, Indonesia Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Komisi. Komisi IV DPR-RI raker dengan Departemen Pertanian tgl. 7-2-1994 dan dg. Dep. Kehutanan tgl. 15-2-1994. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Republik Indonesia, 1994.

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Kehakiman, Indonesia Departemen. Jawaban/tanggapan Menteri Kehakiman, Republik Indonesia atas pertanyaan Komisi III DPR-RI pada rapat kerja Komisi III DPR-RI dengan Menteri Kehakiman tanggal 2 Pebruari 1993. [Jakarta]: Departemen Kehakiman, Republik Indonesia, 1993.

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Permukiman, Indonesia Direktorat Jenderal. Uraian Direktur Jenderal Permukiman pada rapat dengar pendapat Komisi IV DPR-RI, tanggal 2 Pebruari 1996. [Jakarta]: Direktorat Jenderal Permukiman, Departemen Transmigrasi dan Pemukiman Perambah Hutan, 1996.

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Indonesia. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi. Penjelasan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi dalam rangka dengar pendapat dengan Komisi IX DPR RI, 2 Desember 1992. [Jakarta]: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, 1992.

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Indonesia. Direktorat Jenderal Bina Bantuan Sosial. Penjelasan lanjutan rapat kerja Menteri Sosial RI dengan Komisi VIII DPR-RI pada tanggal 2 Pebruari 1995. Jakarta: Departemen Sosial RI, 1995.

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Le secteur informel dans l'agglomération de Dakar: Performances, insertion et perspectives : résultats de la phase 2 de l'enquête 1-2-3 de 2003, DPS. [Dakar]: République du Sénégal, Ministère de l'économie et des finances, Direction de la prévision et de la statistique, 2004.

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Daerah, Indonesia Dewan Perwakilan, and Indonesia Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, eds. Susunan dalam satu naskah Keputusan DPD RI nomor 2/DPD/2004 tentang peraturan tata tertib Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Republik Indonesia sebagaimana diubah terakhir dengan Keputusan DPD RI nomor 29/DPD/2005 tentang peraturan tata tertib Dewan perwakilan Daerah, Republik Indonesia dan Keputusan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Republik Indonesia nomor 1/DPD/2005 tentang kode etik Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Republik Indonesia. Jakarta: Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Republik Indonesia, 2007.

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Kerja, Indonesia Departemen Tenaga. Jawaban Menteri Tenaga Kerja atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan tertulis Komisi VI DPR-RI pada rapat kerja tanggal 2 Februari 1989. [Jakarta]: Departemen Tenaga Kerja R.I., 1989.

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El-Naby, Sultan Ahmed Abd. A study of the reactions of nucleophiles with [(Indenyl)Fe(CO)2([eta]1-dppa)]BF4 a=m,e,p. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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Kerja, Indonesia Departemen Tenaga. Jawaban Eselon I Departemen Tenaga Kerja atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan tertulis Komisi VI DPR-RI pada rapat dengar pendapat, 2 Februari 1995. Jakarta: Departemen Tenaga Kerja R.I., 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "2-DPA"

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Bodanszky, Miklos, and Agnes Bodanszky. "Diphenyl Phosphorazidate (Diphenylphosphoryl Azide, DPPA) [1, 2]." In The Practice of Peptide Synthesis, 199. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85055-4_34.

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Piron, J., and D. Tourwé. "Stereoselective Synthesis of Transition State Analog Inhibitors of DPP-IV Using 2-Substituted Thiazoles." In Peptides: The Wave of the Future, 150–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0464-0_67.

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Cianchi, L., F. Del Giallo, M. Lantieri, P. Moretti, and G. Spina. "Study of the [Fe(OMe)(dpm)2]2 dimer in the presence of a magnetic field by using Mössbauer spectroscopy." In ICAME 2005, 1115–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49853-7_67.

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Gallwitz, Baptist. "Incretin-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes – DPP-4 Inhibitors and Incretin Mimetics." In Frontiers in Diabetes, 30–43. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000152022.

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Rogic, Sanja, Miljana Nukic, and Zarko Gagic. "Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study of DPP-4 Enzyme Inhibitors as Drugs in Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." In IFMBE Proceedings, 481–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73909-6_56.

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Ningsih, Eka Gunarti, Muhammad Fauzi Hidayat, and Usman Sumo Friend Tambunan. "Fragment-Based Drug Design to Discover Novel Inhibitor of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) as a Potential Drug for Type 2 Diabetes Therapy." In Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, 14–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17938-0_2.

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Hijmans, Hielke. "Article 59 Activity reports." In The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826491.003.0101.

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Article 57 (DPA tasks) (see too recital 129); Article 57(1)(u) (Obligation for supervisory authorities to keep internal records of infringements of the GDPR and of measures taken under Article 58(2)); Article 58 (DPA powers) (see too recital 129); Article 71 (European Data Protection Board annual report); Article 97 (European Commission reports on the evaluation and review of the GDPR).
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"Annex 2 General Council of the Bar in England and Wales Recommended standard terms of engagement of a barrister undertaking Direct Professional Access work in England and Wales." In DIRECT PROFESSIONAL ACCESS TO COUNSEL, 20–26. Thomas Telford Publishing, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/dpa.16750.bm02.

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Br Ginting, Arija, and Topo Santoso. "Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA): Can it be a solution for corporate criminal liability in Indonesia?" In Advancing Rule of Law in a Global Context, 6–13. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429449031-2.

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Bygrave, Lee A., and Luca Tosoni. "Article 4(8). Processor." In The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826491.003.0014.

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The ‘processor’ is one of the principal actors in the operationalisation of data protection law and thus deserves specific definition. Indeed, the role of this actor has increased in importance as the GDPR vests processors with more extensive obligations and liability than was the case under the DPD (see e.g. Articles 30(2), 33(2), 37, 79 and 82 GDPR).
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Conference papers on the topic "2-DPA"

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Dias, Rajen, Lars Skoglund, and Zhiyong Wang. "Laser Milling Methods for Package Failure Analysis." In ISTFA 2002. ASM International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2002p0109.

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Abstract Current methods used for package level destructive physical analysis (DPA) such as chemical and mechanical decapsulation methods, reactive ion etching (RIE) and diamond saw x-section methods could potentially result in artifacts such as die cracking, delamination or corrosion when used on complex packaging technologies such as multiple thin die stacked packages with combination of flip chip and wire bond interconnections. Many of the shortcoming of these ubiquitous DPA tools are being addressed by a laser milling approach to DPA. The system described in this paper consists of a ultraviolet (UV) laser used for local micromachining or milling to access package internal features and a near infrared(IR) laser used for precise soldering of fine wires to enable testing and fault isolation. Applications of the laser milling tool described in the paper are 1) Delayering of multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) substrates to expose internal metal traces so that they can be tested to fault isolate the failure without loosing electrical functionality of the product. 2) Silicon milling to expose flip chip interconnections. 3) Package cross sectioning and 4) Plastic package decapsulation.
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Jie-Wei Lai, Chi-Hsueh Wang, Kaipon Kao, Anson Lin, Yi-Hsien Cho, Lanchou Cho, Meng-Hsiung Hung, et al. "A 0.27mm2 13.5dBm 2.4GHz all-digital polar transmitter using 34%-efficiency Class-D DPA in 40nm CMOS." In 2013 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2013.6487762.

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Blagoeva, Darina T., Luigi Debarberis, Hans J. B. J. Hegeman, and Natalia V. Luzginova. "Embrittlement Issues in RPV Materials; Might They Be Used Beyond Their Current Fluence Range?" In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57348.

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Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) materials are well proven suitable materials for nuclear applications. Surveillance data from both pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) and Water-cooled Water-moderated Energy Reactor (WWER) up to 0.08–0.45 dpa and research data up to approx 1–2 dpa are available for irradiation temperature of 300°C. The response to radiation is very well understood as well as the effect of deleterious impurities. The data have been analysed in details, showing the strong role of impurities like copper and phosphorus besides basic matrix damage (MD). Reliable embrittlement models have been developed for the range of pressure vessel application. In fact, nowadays, very ‘clean’ materials with minimum radiation sensitivity are utilized. For ‘clean’ RPV steels, basic matrix damage is the main damage mechanism, described as a power function of the dose with exponents normally from 1/3 to 1/2. New advanced ferritic-martensitic (FM) materials have been designed for fusion and GEN IV applications, as for example Eurofer steel. Irradiation embrittlement data at high doses for this material are already available, also at 300°C. Both RPV and FM materials may be suitable also for GEN IV applications; in particular for the pressure vessel. In this study, the embrittlement curves of RPV and Eurofer are compared showing continuity and a common embrittlement trend till intermediate doses. For very high doses, over 1–2 dpa where only Eurofer data are available, damage rate saturation tendency is observed. The observed continuity and partial overlapping can be explained by a common damage underlying mechanism of the different steels, e.g. ferrite damage, in spite of different steel structures and content (e.g. from 1% Cr for PWR, 2.25% Cr for WWER and 9% Cr for Eurofer steel. Form the modeling point of view the matrix term need to be adjusted for doses far higher than those experienced for RPV applications; in fact the predictions are far too conservative and a new descriptive term need to be developed. In conclusion, clean RPV materials together with new developed steels can be conveniently utilised at 300°C also outside their envisaged dose range.
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Takaya, Shigeru, Yuji Nagae, Kazumi Aoto, Ichiro Yamagata, Shoichi Ichikawa, Shotaro Konno, Ryuichiro Ogawa, and Eiichi Wakai. "Nondestructive Evaluation of Neutron Irradiation Damage on Austenitic Stainless Steels by Measurement of Magnetic Flux Density." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75215.

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Magnetic flux densities for neutron irradiated specimens of austenitic stainless steels, SUS304 and Fast Breeder Reactor grade type 316 (316FR), were measured by using a flux gate (FG) sensor to investigate the nondestructive evaluation method of irradiation damage parameters, dose and He content. Specimens were irradiated in each one of the experimental fast reactor JOYO, the Japan Materials Testing Reactor, and the Japan Research Reacter-3M (JRR-3M), or in both of JRR-3M and JOYO (coupling irradiation). Irradiation in various reactors and the coupling irradiation provided irradiation conditions which could be hardly obtained by irradiation in a single reactor. The range of dose, He content and irradiation temperature of the neutron irradiated samples studied in this paper were 0.01–30 displacement per atom (dpa), 1.0–17 appm and 470–560 °C, respectively. Magnetic flux density increased with dose although there may be a threshold dose for magnetic property to change between 2 and 5 dpa for 316FR. This result shows the possibility of nondestructive evaluation of dose by measuring magnetic flux density by an FG sensor. On the other hand, magnetic flux density did not depend on He content.
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Brumovsky´, Milan, Milosˇ Kytka, William Server, Naoki Soneda, and Jack Spanner. "Results on Attenuation of Neutron Embrittlement Effects." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48710.

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A carefully designed irradiation experiment was conducted in which a 180-mm thick reactor pressure vessel (RPV) wall has been simulated using eighteen 10-mm slices of some key RPV steels and irradiated under test reactor conditions to investigate the through wall attenuation of neutron embrittlement. Results from two of the irradiated materials (a low copper content plate and a high copper content Linde 80 flux weld) were reported in 2006. Another RPV plate, the international reference steel, JRQ, was also extensively irradiated in the simulated RPV wall. Comparisons of predicted attenuation changes in toughness properties using measured Charpy V-notch results are presented for the JRQ steel and compared to the results from the low copper content plate and the high copper content Linde 80 weld metal. Also, Charpy V-notch and Master Curve fracture toughness test results are compared for the low copper plate and the high copper weld. Predictions are made of through-wall attenuation following the practice defined in ASTM E 900-02 and Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2, in which the attenuation of high energy neutron fluence (E &gt; 1 MeV) is projected based upon an approximate displacements per atom (dpa) change through the wall thickness.. The resultant degree of material damage using this dpa-based fluence change is estimated using the ASTM E 900–02 embrittlement correlation model and compared to the experimental data.
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Krsjak, V., S. Sojak, M. Petriska, and J. Veternikova. "Non Destructive Examination of Helium Implanted Fe-Cr Model Alloys." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77114.

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The helium implantation has been successfully used for the obtaining of radiation damage in different Fe-Cr ferritic/martensitic steels. Implanted doses within the range 6.24×1017 – 3.12×1018 cm−2 corresponding to local damage up to 90 DPA (Displacement per Atom) were acquired in a thin (&lt;1 μm) region. For observing the dependence of vacancy-type defects on the load and the chromium content, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) has been used. Experiments showed that chromium had a significant effect on the radiation treated microstructures of the materials. In particular, chromium influences the size and density of the implantation induced defects and specific Cr content should prevent the formation of vacancy clusters.
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Fong, Jeffrey T., and Pedro V. Marcal. "A Dataplot-Python-Anlap (DPA) Plug-In for High Temperature Mechanical Property Databases to Facilitate Stochastic Modeling of Fire-Structure Interactions." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77867.

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Over the last thirty years, much research has been done on the development and application of failure event databases, NDE databases, and materials property databases for pressure vessels and piping, as reported in two recent symposia: (1) ASME 2007 PVP Symposium (in honor of the late Dr. Spencer Bush), San Antonio, Texas, on “Engineering Safety, Applied Mechanics, and Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE).” (2) ASME 2008 PVP Symposium, Chicago, Illinois, on “Failure Prevention via Robust Design and Continuous NDE Monitoring.” The two symposia concluded that those three types of databases, if properly documented and maintained on a worldwide basis, could hold the key to the continued safe and reliable operation of numerous aging structures including nuclear power or petro-chemical processing plants. During the 2008 symposium, four uncertainty categories associated with causing uncertainty in fatigue life estimates were identified, namely, (1) Uncertainty-1 in failure event databases, (2) Uncertainty-2 in NDE databases, (3) Uncertainty-3 in materials property databases, and (4) Uncertainty-M in crack-growth and damage modeling. In this paper, which is one of a series of four to address all those four uncertainty categories, we address Uncertainty-3 in materials property databases by developing a Dataplot-Python-ANLAP (DPA) plug-in, which automates the uncertainty estimation algorithms of material property test data such that those data can be combined with field NDE data by office engineers to speed up the process of probabilistic damage assessment and remaining life estimation. To illustrate this approach, we describe an example application where several mechanical property data sets of a U.S.-made low-carbon steel (A36) and a proprietary high-strength steel (Class 590 MPa) from Japan, are first computed with uncertainty estimates, and then compared with a traditional calculation without uncertainty for deterministic modeling. Significance of the development of computer plug-ins to facilitate data mining of materials property databases and to assist risk-informed analysis is discussed.
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Gosmain, Cécile-Aline, Sylvain Rollet, and Damien Schmitt. "3D Calculations of PWR Vessels Neutron Fluence With EFLUVE 3D Code." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16316.

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In the framework of surveillance program dosimetry, the main parameter in the determination of the fracture toughness and the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is the fast neutron fluence on pressure vessel. Its calculated value is extrapolated using neutron transport codes from measured reaction rate value on dosimeters located on the core barrel. EDF R&D has developed a new 3D tool called EFLUVE3D based on the adjoint flux theory. This tool is able to reproduce on a given configuration the neutron flux, fast neutron fluence and reaction rate or dpa results of an exact Monte Carlo calculation with nearly the same accuracy. These EFLUVE3D calculations does the Source*Importance product which allows the calculation of the flux, the neutronic fluence (flux over 1MeV integrated on time) received at any point of the interface between the skin and the pressure vessel but also at the capsules of the pressurized water reactor vessels surveillance program and the dpa and reaction rates at different axial positions and different azimuthal positions of the vessel as well as at the surveillance capsules. Moreover, these calculations can be carried out monthly for each of the 58 reactors of the French current fleet in challenging time (less than 10mn for the total fluence and reaction rates calculations considering 14 different neutron sources of a classical power plant unit compared to more than 2 days for a classic Monte Carlo flux calculation at a given neutron source). The code needs as input: - for each reaction rate, the geometric importance matrix produced for a 3D pin by pin mesh on the basis of Green’s functions calculated by the Monte Carlo code TRIPOLI; - the neutron sources calculated on assemblies data (enrichment, position, fission fraction as a function of evolution), pin by pin power and irradiation. These last terms are based on local in-core activities measurements extrapolated to the whole core by use of the EDF core calculation scheme and a pin by pin power reconstruction methodology. This paper presents the fundamental principles of the code and its validation comparing its results to the direct Monte Carlo TRIPOLI results. Theses comparisons show a discrepancy of less than 0,5% between the two codes equivalent to the order of magnitude of the stochastic convergence of Monte Carlo results.
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Ichikawa, S., Y. Uchida, A. Kaneda, and T. Hamanaka. "Durability Study on Si-SiC Material for DPF(2)." In SAE 2004 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-0951.

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Hassaoui, N., A. Tlemcani, and K. Sebaa. "DPC and VFOC of PWM rectifier using fuzzy type-2." In 2013 3rd International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icosc.2013.6750829.

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Reports on the topic "2-DPA"

1

Blume, Christopher, Nicholas J. Dunlap, and Nick E. Christians. DPX-MAT28 Formulations (2 SL, 50 SG, 0.05 GF) and Combination Formulations for Dandelion and Clover Control. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-101.

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Vaucher, Gail, Sean D'Arcy, Robert Brice, Manuel Bustillos, and Ron Cionco. White Sands Missile Range 2007 Urban Study: Data Processing - Volume DP-2 (Main Dataset). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada486682.

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