Relevant bibliographies by topics / 1995

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic '1995'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "1995"

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Luchin, Vladimir A., and Vladimir I. Matveev. "Interannual variability of thermal state of the cold subsurface layer in the Okhotsk Sea." Izvestiya TINRO 187, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2016-187-205-216.

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Long-term variability of the cold subsurface water (CSW) in the Okhotsk Sea is analyzed on the base of all available oceanographic data collected in March through August of 1946-2015 (total 65,742 stations). The Integral Heat Content (IHC) is calculated for each station and average annual IHC anomalies of the cold subsurface water are determined by month and by 2-degree grid. The IHC anomaly series are analyzed using the EOF analysis. Cycles with period of approximately 30 years are revealed in the variations of the subsurface layer heat content. Thus, in the 1946-1950, its temperature decreased, but it grew since 2009-2010 to 2015. The warming of CSW was also observed in the 1951-1964 and 1978-1994, while the cooling was in the 1965-1977 and 1995-2008. Based on this criterion, the CSW thermal condition in certain years is classified as «extremely cold» in 2001, as «cold» in 1949, 1950, 1951, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1999, 2000, 2010, 2012, as «normal» in 1946, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1961, 1962, 1965, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, as «warm» in 1948, 1956, 1964, 1968, 1974, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2015, and as «extremely warm» in 1963. Statistically significant correlation is found between changes of the CSW thermal conditions and long-term variations of atmosphere and ocean climate indices, as well as local patterns of the atmosphere-ice-ocean interaction in the Okhotsk Sea and adjacent onshore and offshore areas of Asia and the Pacific Ocean.
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Mina Valdés, Alejandro. "Simulación de los cambios demográficos de una población entre dos fechas." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 14, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v14i3.1062.

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La información del XI Censo nacional de población y vivienda (centrada al 12 de marzo de 1990) y la del Conteo nacional de población (centrada al 5 de noviembre de 1995) son la base de esta nota. El objetivo es simular el efecto de los fenómenos demográficos básicos a saber, la mortalidad, fecundidad y migración, para periodos anuales, en este caso, del 12 de marzo de 1990 al 12 de marzo de 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 y del 12 de marzo de 1995 al 5 de noviembre del mismo año.
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CICCHETTI, DANTE, and J. LAWRENCE ABER. "Contextualism and developmental psychopathology." Development and Psychopathology 10, no. 2 (June 1998): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579498001540.

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The field of developmental psychopathology has grown rapidly over the past several decades and research conducted within this framework has made substantial contributions to our understanding of human adaptation and maladaptation (Cicchetti & Cohen, 1995a, 1995b; Cicchetti & Richters, 1997; Cicchetti & Toth, 1998a). Influenced by the theoretical expositions of several prominent developmentalists, including Jay Belsky (1984), Uri Bronfenbrenner (1979), Robert Emde (1994), Donald Ford and Richard Lerner (1992), Michael Lewis (1997), Patricia Minuchin (1985), Arnold Sameroff (1983; Sameroff & Emde, 1989), Alan Sroufe (Sroufe, Egeland, & Kreutzer, 1990), and Esther Thelen and Linda Smith (1994), theorists have called attention to the importance of viewing the development of psychopathology within a continuously unfolding, dynamic, and ever changing context (see, for example, Belsky, 1993; Cicchetti & Aber, 1986; Cicchetti & Lynch, 1993; Cicchetti & Toth, 1998b; Coie & Jacobs, 1993; Jensen & Hoagwood, 1997; Richters & Cicchetti, 1993; Susman, 1993). Moreover, we now know that social contexts exert effects not only on psychological processes but also on biological structures and processes (Boyce, Frank, Jensen, Kessler, Nelson, Steinberg, et al., 1998; Cicchetti & Tucker, 1994; Eisenberg, 1995; Nelson & Bloom, 1997).
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Cordero Michel, Emilio. "Últimas publicaciones de historia dominicana. Años 1994, 1995 y primera mitad de 1996." Revista ECOS UASD 4, no. 5 (October 4, 1996): 227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51274/ecos.v4i5.pp227-249.

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En los cuatro números anteriores de Ecos se compiló la casi totalidad de las publicaciones de los años 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 y de la primera mitad de 1995. En esta ocasión se han reunido algunas que faltaron de 1994 y 1995, así como las aparecidas en los meses de enero-mayo de 1996.
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Ivanov, I. N. "Dynamics of traumatism, mortality and lethality in damage by sharp objects in Leningrad – St. Petersburg in 1978–2020." EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE 23, no. 2 (June 21, 2022): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/2072-6716-2022-23-2-52-58.

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Purpose of the study. Тo analyze the dynamics of traumatism, mortality and lethality from injuries with sharp objects in Leningrad — St. Petersburg, taking into account economic processes, regulation of the alcoholic beverages market and the capabilities of the ambulance service.Materials and methods. The work is based on archival material of the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Bureau of Forensic Medicine” for 1978–2020.Results and discussion. For 43 years in the evolution of traumatism, mortality and lethality from injuries from sharp objects, periods have been traced: pre-crisis (1978–1990), crisis with phases of rise (1991–1993), turning-point (1994) and recession (1995–2004), exit from the crisis or the beginning of stabilization (2005–2011), post-crisis stabilization (2012–2020). The dynamics of statisti cal indicators was influenced by the anti-alcohol campaign (1985), the destabilization of the alcohol market and the elimination of the state monopoly on alcohol (1990–1992), the restoration of state regulation of the turnover of alcoholic products (1993), and the restriction of alcohol consumption (since 1995), financial and economic crises (1991, 1998, 2008–2009), improvement of the emergency medical service (2004, 2013).Conclusions. Economic crises were accompanied by negative dynamics of traumatism. The destabilization of the alcoholic beverages market was accompanied by an increase in traumatism and mortality. The well-organized work of the ambulance service ensures an acceptable level of lethality and mortality.
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Itioka, Takao, and Manabu Yamauti. "Severe drought, leafing phenology, leaf damage and lepidopteran abundance in the canopy of a Bornean aseasonal tropical rain forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 20, no. 4 (July 2004): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467404001658.

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Rainfall fluctuation influences the physiology and leaf production of the trees in tropical rain forests (Burslem et al. 1996, Condit et al. 1995, Reekie & Wayne 1992, Reich 1995), and consequently it may have an impact on the community of herbivores that depend on forest trees for their food resources (Aide 1988, 1992; Basset 1991, Coley 1998, Lowman 1985, van Schaik et al. 1993).
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KO, ICE W. P., RICHARD T. CORLETT, and RUO-JUN XU. "Sugar composition of wild fruits in Hong Kong, China." Journal of Tropical Ecology 14, no. 3 (May 1998): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467498000297.

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Soluble carbohydrates are the major nutritional reward in the pulp of most vertebrate dispersed fruits (Corlett 1996, Herrera 1987, Johnson et al. 1985, Jordano 1995). However, although detailed analyses have been made of the carbohydrate content of many cumtivated fruits (e.g. Nagy et al. 1990, Widdowson & McCance 1935), most studies of wild fruits have only quantified total soluble carbohydrates (e.g. Conklin & Wrangham 1994, Corlett 1996, Foster & McDiarmid 1983, Herrera 1987, Izhaki 1992). This is unfortunate because relatively minor differences in the chemical structure of nutrients can have profound implications for frugivorous animals (Martinez del Rio & Restrepo 1993), and the fruit choices of these animals in turn, may have major implications for the abundance and distribution of the plant species.
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Barbuy, B., E. Bica, and S. Ortolani. "1.9. Globular clusters within 5° of the Galactic center." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 184 (1998): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900083881.

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The knowledge of age and spatial distribution of stars in the Galactic bulge require observational constraints to establish whether its stellar population is very old (Larson 1990) or is a younger, disk-like component (Raha et al. 1992), and if its shape is spherical or extended, or perhaps a bar (Blitz & Spergel 1991). Yet other possibilities are a flattened bulge or a disk-like system (Zinn 1985; Armandroff 1989; Ortolani et al. 1993; Minniti 1995).
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Matsumoto, Wilson Kioshi, Maria Glória Vicente, Maria Aparecida Silva, and Lia Lusitana Cardozo de Castro. "Comportamento epidemiológico da malária nos municípios que compõem a Bacia do Alto Paraguai, Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 1990 a 1996." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 14, no. 4 (October 1998): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1998000400021.

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Com base em dados secundários levantados na Coordenação Regional da Fundação Nacional de Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (FNS/MS), obteve-se o número de casos de malária registrados na Bacia do Alto Paraguai (BAP), no Mato Grosso do Sul (MS): 159, 126, 135, 61, 143, 41 e 20 em, respectivamente, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 e 1996, sendo a grande maioria destes de casos importados. Em 1990 não houve casos autóctones, e a partir de 1991 os índices superiores a 15% foram diminuindo até ficar próximo de 1,60%. Os casos introduzidos, que 1990 correspondiam a 0,63%, aumentaram em 1991 e 1992, mantendo-se em torno de 1,50%, atingindo em 1993 percentuais de 3,28%. Foram registrados casos induzidos somente em 1991 e 1992 (menos de 1%). A faixa etária mais atingida foi a compreendida entre 16 e 45 anos. Houve um predomínio do Plasmodium vivax no total de lâminas examinadas. Embora os casos autóctones de malária não sejam maioria, a doença constitui importante problema de Saúde Pública na BAP em razão da presença do vetor Anopheles (N.) darlingi e das correntes migratórias para a região.
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Gershberg, R. E. "Some Results of the Coordinated Observations of the Red Dwarf Flare Star EV Lac in 1986-1994." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 151 (1995): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100034631.

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In 1986-94 a series of coordinated monitorings for the flare star EV Lac has been performed. The observations were aimed to collect homogeneous data on the star both in its active and quiet states, to study its flares and starspots. These photometric patrols were accompanied by monitorings of EV Lac of different other kinds: polarimetric, spectral, radio, UV and high energy studies. In total, these monitorings covered a range from decametre radio wavelengths through IR, optical and UV windows up to very high energy γ-rays. The list of participants of these studies is very large. Up to date the results of 1986, 1987, 1990 and 1991 are published (Gershberg et al. 1991a,b, 1993, Alekseev et al. 1994), the data of 1989 are submitted (Berdyugin et al. 1995), the data of 1992 (Abdul-Aziz et al. 1995) will be submitted in the near future. In 1993, photometric observations were accompanied by monitoring observations of EUVE and IUE, in 1994, VHE γ-ray observations were included. The publication of data collected in 1993 and 1994 is in preparation. In this communication I shall concentrate on several new findings related to the EV Lac flares only.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1995"

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Arizona, University of. "1995-1996, 1996 -1997 Graduate Catalog." University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626624.

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Arizona, University of. "1993-1994, 1994-1995 General Catalog." University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/580807.

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Arizona, University of. "1993-1994, 1994-1995 Graduate Catalog." University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/580815.

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Arizona, University of. "1995-1996, 1996-1997 General Catalog." University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/580817.

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Library, University of Arizona, and Carla J. Stoffle. "Annual Report, 1995/1996." University of Arizona Library (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/124803.

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Imiavan, Emmanuel Ehi. "Nigeria's foreign policy (1985-1995)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424692.

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Zanoni, Noel Cesar Picolo. "Dívida pública brasileira: 1995-1998." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9383.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIVIDA PUBLICA BRASILEIRA.pdf: 595018 bytes, checksum: 107985d0d163a0702bdea4109d618c79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-08
The main target of this study is to discuss about the Brazilian public debt , specially focusing the period between 1995 and 1998. These years were after the implementation of Real Plan, where the Brazilian economy, after 20 years of high inflation, finally reached its stability. This inflation stability did not come with a fiscal balance, so the public sector borrowing requirements were the main cause from Brazilian external vulnerability. We showed thought a model of public debt management, that despite the inflation stability, Brazil did not change the maturing average of Brazilian bonds and these bonds had the same portfolio of the inflation period, basically pos-fixed bonds. As a conclusion , we noticed that Brazilian external vulnerability was a consequence of its economics polices, decided during Real Plan, as high interest rates whose target was to defend the fixed exchange rate against a confidence crisis
O objetivo deste trabalho é discorrer sobra a divida pública brasileira, com enfoque especial no período de 1995-1998, que são os anos subseqüentes ao advento do Plano Real, onde o Brasil após 20 anos de escalada inflacionária, alcançou finalmente sua estabilidade no tocante aos índices de inflação. Essa estabilidade não veio através de um equilíbrio fiscal, de modo ques o déficit público se tornou a principal fonte de vulnerabilidade da economia brasileira. Utiliza-se um modelo de administração de dívida pública para constatar a vulnerabilidade econômica da época. Analisando-se a composição da dívida, notamos que, apesar da estabilidade de preços, o Brasil não conseguiu o desejado alongamento da dívida, nem tampouco mudar o perfil da dívida interna, composta basicamente por títulos pós fixados, ainda herança do período inflacionário. Constata-se então que a vulnerabilidade externa, sofrida pelo país nesse período, foi fruto das opções econômicas tomadas na implementação do Plano Real, bem com da política de juros que visava a manutenção da paridade cambial
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Wilson, Mark. "Broccoli Variety Trials 1994/1995." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221445.

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Wilcox, Mark, and Jim Cuming. "Cauliflower Variety Trials 1994/1995." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221446.

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Wilcox, Mark. "Cabbage Variety Trials 1994/1995." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221459.

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Books on the topic "1995"

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Atlantic, College (Guaynabo P. R. ). Atlantic College: Catálogo 1995-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-1999. Guaynabo, Puerto Rico: Atlantic College, 1999.

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Triin, Sinissaar, Rohumaa Katre, Neimar Reet, and Tallinna Linnateater, eds. Tallinna Linnateater: Hooajad 1995/1996, 1996/1997, 1997/1998, 1998/1999, 1999/2000. [Tallinn]: Tallinna Linnateater, 2000.

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Nhà xuá̂t bản Chính trị quó̂c gia., ed. Sách xuá̂t bản 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997. Hà Nội: Nhà xuá̂t bản Chính trị quó̂c gia, 1998.

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Dimitŭr, Naĭdenov. Preszhurnalistika: 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, ili, --E la nave va. Sofii͡a︡: Sofiĭski universitet "Sveti Kliment Okhridski", 1995.

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Glamorgan, University of. Strategic plan: 1994/1995 to 1998/1999. Pontypridd: The University, 1994.

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Volodymyr, Lytvyn, and Smoliĭ V. A, eds. Viri︠u︡ v ukraïnsʹkyĭ narod: Vybrani statti, vystupy, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000. Kyïv: Vydavnychyĭ Dim Alʹternatyvy, 2000.

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Corporation, Intertec Publishing, ed. Clymer Honda CB750 Nighthawk, 1991-1993 and 1995-1998 [i.e. 1999]. Overland Park, Kan: Intertec Pub., 1997.

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Joint Forecasting Committee for the Construction Industries (National Economic Development Office). Construction forecasts 1995-1996-1997: Winter 1995/96. London: Construction Forecasting & Research Ltd, 1996.

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al-Filasṭīnī, Jihāz al-Markazī lil-Iḥṣāʼ. Muʼashshirāt al-taʻlīm al-ʻāmm, 1994/1995-1998/1999. Rām Allāh: al-Jihāz al-Markazī lil-Iḥṣāʼ al-Filasṭīnī, 1999.

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(Indonesia), Sulawesi Tengah, ed. Sarlita regional Repelita VI Daerah, 1994/1995-1998/1999. [Palu]: Bappeda Tingkat I Sulawesi Tengah, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "1995"

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Hanusch, Frederic. "1995–1997." In Democracy and Climate Change, 115–26. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY, USA : Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228983-6.

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Elwyn, Glyn, and Cathy Charles. "Shared decision making: the principles and the competences." In Evidence-based Patient Choice, 118–43. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192631947.003.0008.

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Abstract Identifying, describing, and comparing different approaches to treatment decision making is an issue of interest to a surprisingly diverse range of health related disciplines, including medicine, nursing, bio-ethics, medical sociology, and health economics (Brody et al. 1984; Mishler 1984; Beisecker and Beisecker 1990; Emanuel and Emanuel 1992; Llewelyn and Hopkins 1993; Deber 1994; Ong et al. 1995; Quill and Cassel 1995; Deber et al. 1996; Quill and Brody 1996; Charles et al. 1997 1998 1999; Coulter 1997; Williams and Calnan 1991; Degner et al. 1997; Lupton 1997; Gafni et al. 1998; Gwyn and Elwyn 1999).
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Setzekorn, Kristina, Arun Rai, and Arlyn J. Melcher. "IT Productivity Impacts in Manufacturing Contexts." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, First Edition, 1721–27. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-553-5.ch303.

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The fundamental questions of whether and how information technology (IT) contributes to firm performance have been answered in different ways. IT value research findings have been equivocal, with some studies finding negative performance impacts (Berndt & Morrison, 1995; Johansen, Karmarkar, Nanda & Seidmann, 1996), some finding no overall effect (Barua, Kriebel & Mukhopadhyay, 1995; Dos Santos, Peffers & Mauer, 1993; Loveman, 1994; Strassman, 1985, 1990), and some finding positive impacts (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1996; Brynjolfsson & Yang, 1997; Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1996; Mukhopadhyay, Kekre & Kalathur, 1995).
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Krogh, Georg von, and Simon Grand. "From Economic Theory toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of _the Firm: Conceptual Building Blocks." In The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge, 163–84. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195138665.003.0010.

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Abstract There is consensus among entrepreneurs, managers, academics, and consultants that we are about to embark on a new economic order: a knowledge-based economy, playing by a new set of rules (Day and Schoemaker 2000, Hamel 2000). In recent years we have seen an increasing interest in firm knowledge and innovation as the source of competitive advantage, which can be traced back to the emergence of the resourcebased perspective of the firm (Wernerfeld 1984, Dierickx and Cool 1988, Barney 1991, Mahoney and Pandian 1992, Peteraf 1993, Teece et al. 1997), the growing literature on innovation (Dosi 1982, Foster 1986, Tushman and Anderson 1986, Henderson and Clark 1990, Utterback 1994, Bower and Christensen 1995, Christensen 1997), organizational learning (Hedlund 1994, Argyris and Schon 1996, Wenger 1998), and most explicitly in the recent development of a knowledge-based perspective of strategy (Nonaka 1994, von Krogh et al. 1994, Spender 1996, Grant 1996).
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Leamy, Larry. "Dominance, Epistasis, and Fluctuating Asymmetry." In Developmental Instability, 142–56. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195143454.003.0010.

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Abstract Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), or the variation in the subtle nondirectional differences typically found between left and right sides of bilateral characters, continues to be the most widely used measure of developmental instability in populations (Parsons 1990; Zakharov 1994; Moller and Swaddle 1997). There is little doubt that the level of FA in various characters often increases if individuals suffer developmental perturbations when subjected to environmental stressors such as pollution, toxins, and parasites (Clarke 1992; Graham 1992; Polak 1997), although their effect on FA is not always found (Markow 1995; Leamy et al. 1999; Woods et al. 1999). Similarly, FA sometimes, but not always, responds to genetic stressors such as inbreeding and selection (Clarke 1993; Moller and Swaddle 1997). Levels of FA also have been linked to pollination success in plants (Moller and Eriksson 1995) and mating success in animals (Moller 1993; Moller and Pomiankowski 1993; Simmons 1994; Moller and Thornhill 1997), but more asymmetrical individuals are not always disadvantaged in the mating process (Markow 1995; Goulson et al. 1999).
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Dyer, Jeffrey H., and Wujin Chu. "The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs and Improving Performance: Empirical Evidence from the United States, Japan, and Korea." In Organizational Trust, 207–28. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199288496.003.0008.

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Abstract The issue of trust in economic exchanges has recently received considerable attention in the academic literature (Barney and Hansen 1994, Mayer et al. 1995, Zaheer et al. 1998) as well as the popular press (Business Week 1992, Economist 1996, Fukuyama 1995). Trust in exchange relationships has been hypothesized to be a valuable economic asset because it is believed to: (1) lower transaction costs and allow for greater flexibility to respond to changing market conditions (Gulati 1995, Barney and Hansen 1994, Uzzi 1997, Dyer 1997) and (2) lead to superior information sharing that improves coordination and joint efforts to minimize inefficiencies (Aoki 1988, Clark and Fujimoto 1991, Nishiguchi 1994). Some scholars even claim that national economic efficiency is highly correlated with a high-trust institutional environment (North 1990, Casson 1991, Fukuyama 1995). For example, Fukuyama (1995, p. 7) argues that the economic success of a nation, ‘as well as its ability to compete, is conditioned by . . . the level of trust inherent in the society.’ Indeed, numerous scholars have suggested that interorganizational trust is a key factor in explaining alliance success (Dyer 1996b, Doz and Hamel 1998). These claims have increased our attention to the important role of trust in economic exchanges.
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Papp, Ratmond. "Introduction to Strategic Alignment." In Strategic Information Technology, 1–24. IGI Global, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-878289-87-2.ch001.

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The concept of strategic alignment is more than two decades old (McLean and Soden, 1977; IBM, 1981; Earl, 1983; Mills, 1986; Brancheau and Wetherbe, 1987; Parker and Benson, 1988; Henderson and Venkatraman, 1990; Dixon and John, 1991; Niederman, et. al., 1991; Watson and Brancheau, 1991; Liebs, 1992; Luftman, Lewis and Oldach, 1993; Goff, 1993), however it has never been more timely than in today’s fast-paced, dynamic business environment (Papp, 1998; Rogers, 1997). The original alignment model was a largely theoretical construct that studied only a single industry (Henderson & Venkatraman, 1990; Henderson & Thomas, 1992) but has since been adapted for use by virtually any industry looking to integrate their business strategies with their information technology strategies (Papp, 1995; Luftman, Papp, & Brier, 1995).
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Lewin, Arie Y., and Jisung Kim. "The Nation-State and Culture as Influences on Organizational Change and Innovation." In Handbook of Organizational Change and Innovation, 324–53. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135008.003.0011.

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Abstract Social science disciplines have explored or implied the thesis that cultural, historical, political, social, and economic dimensions of a nation-state influence managerial practices and organizational strategic adaptation (Adler, Doktor and Redding, 1986; Badie and Birnbaum, 1983; Chandler, 1990; Clegg and Reddings, 1990; Djelic, 1998; Fligstein, 1996; Hickson and McMillan, 1981; Lammers, 1978; Lange and Regini, 1989; Meyer, 1994; Nelson, 1993; Putnam, 1993; Skocpol, 1985; Stinchcombe, 1965; Warner, 1997; Weber, Hsee, and Sokolowska, 1998; Whitley, 1999). However, much of the research centers on partial relationships reflecting disciplinary orientations and often involves historical accounts without theoretical underpinnings of explored events. The result is a fragmented literature on comparative management (Redding, 1997).
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Pavlova, Ina, Rebekah Drezek, Sung Chang, Dizem Arifler, Konstantin Sokolov, Calum Macaulay, Michele Follen,, and Rebecca Richards-Kortum. "Fluorescence and Spectroscopic Markers of Cervical Neoplasia." In Biomedical Optical Imaging, 306–29. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150445.003.0011.

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Abstract The effective screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the developed world reduce the mortality resulting from cervical cancer enormously. This is an area of intensive undertaking. Tragically, in the developing world, where these resources are not available, this disease is the leading cause of cancer death among women. Inexpensive, real-time diagnostic tools based on optical spectroscopy have the potential to reduce mortality associated with cervical cancer. Because detection of cancer is provided in real time, optical methods could enable combined detection and treatment in a single visit. The difficulties of follow-up contact in many developing countries makes the implementation of a see-and-treat methodology the only logical choice. As part of the new managed health reality in the developed world, there is an important need for improved screening and detection methods for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia that are both sensitive and cost-effective. Recent developments in optical diagnostic technologies have the potential to address both of these issues. Many groups have demonstrated that techniques based on quantitative optical spectroscopy have the potential to fulfill this need by providing accurate, objective, and instantaneous point-of-care diagnostic and screening tools (Alfano et al., 1987; Hung et al., 1991; Richards-Kortum et al., 1991; Schomacker et al., 1992; Lam et al., 1993a,b; Mahadevan et al., 1993; Ramanujam et al., 1994a,b; Richards-Kortum, 1994; Zuclich et al., 1994; Mourant et al., 1995; Vo-Dinh et al., 1995; Cothren et al., 1996; Ramanujam et al., 1996a,b,c; Zangaro et al., 1997; Lam et al., 1998; Perelman et al., 1998; Pogue et al., 1998; Tumer et al., 1998; Zuluaga et al., 1998; Brookner et al., 1999; Hornung et al., 1999; Utzinger et al., 1999; Harries, 1995; Mitchell, 1998). However, the connections among these optical signatures and the underlying morphology and biology are not well understood.
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Schoppa, R. Keith. "Written on the Darkest Pages of Human History, 1991–2000." In The Twentieth Century, 130–50. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190497354.003.0008.

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From the standpoint of the 1990s, the twentieth century seems to have ended on especially depressing notes. Run through the catalogue of tragedy: the hopeful Oslo Accords go dead with the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin (1995); Serbian-Slovenian War (1991); Serbian-Croatian War (1991–1995); Bosnian War (1992–1996); first Congo War (1996–1997); Great War of Africa (1998–2003), where 6 million were killed; and the Kosovo War (1998–1999). Their driving force was nationalism, undoubtedly, some found themselves the key. For Aung San Suu Kyi of Burma (Myanmar) her choice in the three-tiered political identity was the nation for which she gave up her family and all the global ideals in the beginning of her career: human rights, democracy, and individual freedom.
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Conference papers on the topic "1995"

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Pao, Y. H., E. Jih, V. Siddapureddy, X. Song, R. Liu, R. McMillan, and J. M. Hu. "A Thermal Fatigue Model for Surface Mount Leadless Chip Resistor (LCR) Solder Joints." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0884.

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Abstract The reliability of surface mount leadless solder joints, e.g., LCCC (leadless ceramic chip carrier), LCR (leadless chip resistor), and LCC (leadless chip capacitor), has been a long-term research topic due to the concern of thermal fatigue failure resulting from significant stresses and strains induced in the joint. Numerous studies of failure analysis of leadless solder joints exist in the literature, and a number of life prediction models based on different failure characterizing parameters, e.g., total strain, plastic strain, strain energy density, etc., have been developed for particular loading conditions, such as isothermal or thermal cyclic fatigue tests. To name a few, e.g., one can refer to Engelmaier (1984), Cltterbaugh and Charles (1985), Hall and Sherry (1986), Clech and Augis (1987), Wong et al. (1988), Bae et al. (1989), Solomon (1990), Frear et al. (1991), Satoh et al. (1991), Lee and Stone 91991), Lau (1991), Govila et al. (1994), Schroeder and Mitchell (1994), JPL (1994), Syed (1995), Wen and Ross (1995), Jih and Pao (1995), Zhang et al. (1996), Kawai et al. (1996), Hu (1996), Guo and Conrad (1996), Lin et al. (1996), and Lau and Pao (1996).
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2

Gu, W. Y., X. G. Mao, and B. A. Rawlins. "Direct Measurements of Hydraulic Permeability Coefficients of Cartilaginous Tissues." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0134.

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Abstract Fluid is a major component of cartilaginous tissues. Its transport is primarily governed by the hydraulic permeability coefficient of the tissue. The hydraulic permeability coefficient is important to the understanding of the transport processes of interstitial water and ions [e.g., Gu et al, 1993] and the viscoelastic behavior of the tissue [e.g., Mow et al, 1980; Setton et al, 1993]. However, the hydraulic permeability coefficients of these tissues are extremely low and difficult to quantify precisely. Studies in the literature report on the determination of the hydraulic permeability of these tissues directly by measuring fluid flux corresponding to the applied pressure difference in a permeation experiment [Edwards, 1967; Mansour and Mow, 1976; Mansour and Matsumoto, 1998; Maroudas and Bullough, 1968; McCutchen, 1962] or indirectly by curvefitting experimental data from confined compression or indentation tests using the biphasic theory[e.g., Athanasiou et al, 1991; Best et al, 1994; Drost et al, 1995; Houben et al, 1997, Iatridis et al, 1997; Mak et al, 1987; Mansour and Matsumoto, 1998; Mow et al, 1980; Setton et al, 1993]. Recently, Gu and co-workers (1998) reported that the permeability coefficient of human anulus fibrosus determined directly was one order of magnitude greater than that determined indirectly [e.g. Best et al, 1994, Drost et al, 1995, Houben et al, 1997, Iatridis et al, 1997]. To address this discrepancy, we investigated the hydraulic permeability coefficients of human lumbar anulus fibrosus and bovine articular cartilage using a new technique developed by Gu and co-workers (1998). The hydraulic permeability coefficient of human anulus fibrosus was compared to that of bovine articular cartilage measured under the same testing conditions.
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Oliveira, Helder Manuel da Silva de. "Alberto Burri (1915-1995) e a Bienal de São Paulo." In Encontro de História da Arte. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/eha.12.2017.4526.

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O presente texto visa apresentar um estudo explanatório sobre as participações do pintor italiano Alberto Burri (1915-1995) na Bienal Internacional de São Paulo. Para isso, analisaremos sua presença nas exposições de 1955, 1959, 1965 e 1979, tendo como principal fonte os textos publicados nos catálogos produzidos pela Bienal. Nessas quatro Bienais, Burri participou com 34 pinturas. Juntas, elas formam um conjunto significativo por possibilitar, uma análise de sua produção artística, apresentada no país, quanto uma avaliação do debate artístico sobre abstração informal, entre Brasil e Itália.
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Bhushan, Bharat. "Tribology on the Macro- to Nanoscales of MEMS Materials: A Review." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1252.

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Abstract Silicon-based MEMS devices are made from single-crystal silicon, LPCVD polysilicon films and other ceramic films (Bhushan, 1998). For high temperature applications, SiC films are being developed to replace polysilicon films. Tribology in the MEMS devices requiring relative motion is of importance. Atomic force/friction force microscopy (AFM/FFM) and nanoindentation techniques (Bhushan et al., 1995; Bhushan, 1995, 1998) have been used for tribological studies on micro- to nanoscale on materials of interest. These techniques have been used to study surface roughness, friction, scratching/wear, indentation and boundary lubrication of bulk and treated silicon, polysilicon films and SiC films (Bhushan, 1996a, b; Bhushan et al., 1994, 1997a, b, 1998; Koinkar and Bhushan, 1997; Li and Bhushan, 1998; Sundararajan and Bhushan, 1998; Zhao and Bhushan, 1998). Macroscale friction and wear tests have also been conducted using the ball-on-flat tribometer. (Bhushan and Venkatesan, 1993; Gupta et al., 1993, 1994a, b; Venkatesan and Bhushan, 1993, 1994). Measurements of microscale and macroscale friction forces show that friction values on both scales of all the silicon samples are about the same among different silicon materials and higher than that of SiC. The microscale values are lower than the macroscale values as there is less ploughing contribution in the microscale measurements. Surface roughness has an effect on friction. In microscale and macroscale tests, C+-implanted, oxidized and PECVD oxide-coated single-crystal silicon samples exhibit much larger scratching and wear resistance as compared to untreated samples. Polysilicon films and undoped single-crystal silicon show similar friction and wear characteristics. Doping of polysilicon film does not affect its tribological properties. Microscratching, microwear and nanoindentation, and macroscale friction and wear studies indicate that SiC films are superior when compared to the other materials currently used in MEMS devices. Higher hardness and fracture toughness of the SiC film is believed to be responsible for its superior mechanical integrity and lower friction. Chemically grafted self-assembled monolayers and chemically-bonded liquid lubricants show promising performance for boundary lubrication in MEMS devices.
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Soltz, Michael A., and Gerard A. Ateshian. "Measurement of Cartilage Fluid Pressurization in Confined Compression Cyclical Loading." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0012.

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Abstract In recent studies (Oloyede and Broom, 1991; Soltz and Ateshian, 1997, 1998) it has been demonstrated from experiment and theory that compressive stresses applied across the surface of articular cartilage are supported primarily by the hydrostatic pressurization of the interstitial fluid, under configurations of confined compression creep and stress-relaxation. This pressurization is sustained for several hundred seconds before it eventually subsides, suggesting a major role for interstitial fluid in protecting the solid collagen-protcoglycan matrix from excessive stresses. In the present study, cartilage fluid pressurization is investigated experimentally and theoretically under sinusoidal loading, since the mechanical environment of articular cartilage during daily living is often cyclical in nature. Investigators have demonstrated that this cyclical loading may cause a biosynthetic response of chondrocytes within the tissue, depending on the frequency and amplitude of the applied stresses or strains (e.g. Gray et al., 1988; Hall et al., 1991; Kim et al., 1995; Parkikinen et al., 1992; Sah et al., 1989). A theoretical solution for cyclical loading in confined compression has been obtained previously (Suh et al., 1995) using the biphasic theory (Mow et al., 1980) and this solution is employed here.
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Schuchard, Ronald A., Navin Tekwani, and Sidney Hu. "Binocular Preferred Retinal Loci: Relationship of Visual Factors to Binocular Perception." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1995.tuc3.

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In an eye with a central scotoma, the development and use for foveal visual tasks of one or more preferred retinal loci naturally and reliably occurs (Cummings, Whittaker et al., 1985; Timberlake, Mainster et al., 1986; Timberlake, Peli et al., 1987; Whittaker, Budd et al., 1988; White and Bedell, 1990; Schuchard and Raasch, 1992; Fletcher, Schuchard et al., 1993; Schuchard, 1993; Schuchard, 1994). The term preferred retinal locus (PRL) is reserved for those individuals who have chosen a preferred retinal area to act as a pseudofovea for foveal visual tasks (e.g., fixation and reading) due to a macular scotoma affecting visual performance. Previous studies have shown that 40% of low vision patients have central scotomas and thus probably have developed an eccentric PRL (Schuchard, 1993). These previous investigations of preferred retinal locus have studied each monocular PRL separately but individuals typically perform activities of daily living with both eyes open. Therefore the research laboratory investigations of preferred retinal loci (PRLs), to date, have forced individuals to perform visual tasks monocularly without fully understanding the consequences for the monocular PRL data collected.
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Niebur, Glen L., Jonathan C. Yuen, Andy C. Hsia, and Tony M. Keaveny. "Convergence Characteristics of Voxel Based Finite Element Models of Trabecular Bone." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0138.

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Abstract High resolution voxel based finite element models of trabecular bone have recently become popular as a method to investigate the properties of trabecular tissue (van Rietbergen et. al., 1995; Ladd et al., 1997; Huo and Fhyrie 1995) and the effects of microstructure on apparent properties (Hollister et al., 1994). In these models, high resolution (20–80 micron) images of the trabecular bone are converted to finite element models by assigning an 8-noded brick element to each image voxel (Fhyrie et al., 1992). As these models come into more widespread use, it is important to quantify their numerical convergence characteristics.
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Roberts, Carol A., Joyce A. Jatko, John T. Lynch, and John H. Rand. "The 1994-1995 Antarctic Field Season." In International Conference on Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/951657.

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van Noorden, L. "Image communications in RACE 1994-1995." In International Broadcasting Convention - IBC '94. IEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19940729.

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Jang, T. S., J. Nair, S. Nair, and A. Lavin. "Modulation of PFC Pyramidal Cell Excitability by Clonidine: A Computational Modeling Study." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15109.

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The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critically involved in cognitive processes underlying working memory (WM), attention, and inhibition of responses to non-relevant stimuli (Fuster, 2000; Goldman-Rakic, 1996). In this context, catecholaminergic inputs have proven to be critical for the regulation of these cognitive processes (Levitt et al., 1984; Lewis et al., 1987; Lewis and Morrison, 1989; Porrino and Goldman-Rakic, 1982). Aston-Jones and Bloom (1981a, b) showed that, in addition to dopamine (DA) the norepinephrine (NE) neurons located in the locus coeruleus (LC) and terminating in the PFC are important in mediating selective and sustained attention and vigilance. Moreover, stimulation of the LC increases the discrimination of incoming external stimuli to the PFC by reducing the background noise, therefore enhancing the cortical signal-to-noise ratio (Aston-Jones et al., 1985; Berridge and Waterhouse, 2003; Foote et al., 1980, 1983; Waterhouse et al., 1980; Robbins, 2000). More recently, several studies have shown that adrenergic agonists, especially specific alpha-2 agonists, are very effective in enhancing WM and attention. Indeed, administration of alpha-2 agonists can ameliorate some of the negative effects on cognition produced by NE depletion due to aging in monkeys (Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1985; Arnsten et al., 1988; Arnsten and Leslie, 1991) and improve performance in WM-related tasks in young monkeys with NE depletion (Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1985; Cai et al., 1993). Moreover, the therapeutic effects of the specific alpha-2 agonists, clonidine and guanfacine in treating disorders related to dysfunction of WM in patients have been proved (Fields et al., 1988; Mair and McEntree 1986, 1988; Hunt et al., 1985, 1990, 1995).
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Reports on the topic "1995"

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Depken, J. C. AGS experiments - 1994, 1995, 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/505698.

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Depken, J. C. AGS experiments: 1993 - 1994 - 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/266908.

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Depken, J. C., and P. L. Presti. AGS experiments -- 1995, 1996 and 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/658374.

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Danticat, Edwidge. Haiti: A Bi-Cultural Experience. Inter-American Development Bank, December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007917.

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Lovelace, Earl. Welcoming Each Other: Cultural Transformation of the Caribbean in the 21st Century. Inter-American Development Bank, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007927.

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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Xing-Wang Deng. Morphogenesis and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The p27 Subunit of the COP9-Complex. United States Department of Agriculture, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7580666.bard.

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Plants monitor environmental signals and modulate their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The mechanisms by which plants transduce light signals and integrate them with other environmental and developmental signals to regulate plant pattern development are beginning to be unraveled. A large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the roles of specific photoreceptors in perceiving light signals, and about the downstream developmental responses responding to light (Batschauer, 1999; Chamovitz and Deng, 1996; Deng and Quail, 1999). Still, little is know about the molecular mechanisms connecting the photoreceptors to development, and how these developmental pathways are integrated with additional developmental regulatory pathways to modulate growth. The multi-subunit protein complex COP9 signalosome (previously referred to as the "COP9 complex") has a central role in mediating the light control of plant development, and in general developmental regulation. Arabidopsis mutants that lack this complex develop photomorphogenically even in the absence of light signals (reviewed in Chamovitz and Deng 1996, 1997). Various genetic studies have indicated that the COP9 signalosome acts at the nexus of upstream signals transduced from the individual photoreceptors, and specific downstream signaling pathways. Thus the COP9 signalosome was hypothesized to be a master repressor of photomorphogenesis, and that light acts to abrogate this repression. However, the COP9 signalosome has roles beyond the regulation of photomorphogenesis as all mutants lacking this complex die following early seedling development, and an essentially identical complex has also been detected in animal systems (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Seeger et al., 1998; Wei et al., 1998). Our long term objective is to determine the role of the COP9 signalosome in controlling plant development. In this research project we showed that this complex contains at least eight subunits (Karniol et al., 1998; Serino et al., 1999) and that the 27 kD subunit is encoded by the FUS5 locus (Karniol et al., 1999). The FUS5 subunit also has a role extraneous to the COP9 signalosome, and differential kinase activity has been implicated in regulating FUSS and the COP9 signalosome (Karniol et al., 1999). We have also shown that the COP9 signalosome may work together with the translational-regulator eIF3. Our study of the COP9 signalosome is one of the exciting examples of plant science leading the way to discoveries in basic animal science (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Karniol and Chamovitz, 2000; Wei and Deng, 1999).
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Widmann, Richard H., and Richard H. Widmann. Pulpwood Production in the Northeast--1994, 1995, and 1996. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-rb-140.

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Zamir, Dani, Steven Tanksley, and Robert Fluhr. Cloning a Fusarium Resistance Gene in Tomato Based on Knowledge of its Map Position. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604934.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop the tools and methodologies for positional cloning of genes in tomato and apply them for the cloning a Fusarium resistance gene - I2.. The feasibility of positional cloning of disease resistance genes was demonstrated for Pto which confers resistance to pseudomonas (Martin et al. 1993). The Fusarium resistance gene was mapped genetically and physically and was found to be in close proximity to TG 105 (Segal et al. 1992). To obtain fine mapping of gene I2, and additional target genes in future projects, a high density linkage map was developed (Tanksley et al. 1992; Broun and Tanksley 1993). In addition two permanent mapping populations were constructed: a recombinant inbred (Paran et al. 1995; Zamir et al. 1993) and an introgression line population (Eshed et al. 1992; Eshed and Zamir 1994). Using these resources we determined that the I2 locus shows complete co-segregation, down to a resolution of a few Kb, with SL8 which shows architectural similarity with other plant resistance genes. Transformation and complementation analysis is in progress (Ori et al. in preparation).
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DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC. Forward Air Controllers, 1985 - 1995. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada362737.

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Vine, E. INDEEP annual report (1994--1995). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/95274.

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