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Moncada, Luis Mario, and Martha Rodríguez Mega. "La obra del CUT (Adelanto del libro) Escena 2 (1973-77)." Latin American Theatre Review 52, no. 1 (2018): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ltr.2018.0030.
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Mat Akin, Hasriadi, Emi Lidya Astri, and Maimun Barmawi. "Pola Segregasi Sifat Ketahanan Terhadap Soybean Stunt Virus dan Keragaman Genetik FAMILI F2:3 HASIL PERSILANGAN VARIETAS ORBA DAN GALUR B3570." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 9, no. 1 (November 6, 2020): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1973-77.
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Segregation pattern of the Soybean Stunt Virus resistant character and genetic diversity of F2:3 families derived from crosses between Orba and B3570. Soybean stunt disease caused by SSV (Soybean Stunt Virus) is the most destructive soybean disease in Indonesia. This research was conducted from October 2005 to June 2006 at experiment station of Lampung University. The aims of this research were to evaluate the segregation of resistant characters and total genetic diversity of eight populations of F2:3 families. Experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The resistance was evaluated based on the score of disease severity. The results showed that the resistant characters segregate 1:2:1 to susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant, respectively based on the segregation pattern. The resistant character was controlled by single gene and the action of the gene is noncompletely dominant gene. Eight populations of F2:3 families have high diversities on the yield and yield components.
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Maisch, M. "Die Gletscher um "1850" und "HEUTE" im Bünderland und in den angrenzenden Gebieten : Untersuchungen zur Höhenlage, Veränderungen und räumlichen Struktur von Schneegrenzen." Geographica Helvetica 42, no. 2 (June 30, 1987): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-42-127-1987.
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Abstract. An inventory of data for the extent of ice in 1850 is presented and compared to the extent of alpine glaciers in 1973 as recorded by the Swiss glacier inventory. Special attention is given to the position and spatial Variation of snowline altitudes based on data for the general ice retreat between 1850 and 1973. The ränge of snowline altitudes (as given by the 2 :1 -equilibrium line calculation) reflects the topography and the related change from wet perialpine to dry continental inneralpine areas. In addition, the effects of local condition are superimposed on this trend. The overall climatically induced rise in snowline altitudes between 1850 and 1973 is 77 +/-51 m. The considerable ränge of 340 m as compared to the actual Situation in 1973 demonstrates the influence of local topography, geometry and dip of the glacier surface on the snowline altitude. The mean altitude of the firnline in 1973 quantifies the melting during the last year of Observation 1972/73. The glaciers in the regions of Bernina, Bergell and Kesch are more strongly affected than in other areas during this budget period. On the average, the firnline altitude rose 120 m above de 2 :1 - equilibrium line corresponding to the surface geometry of that year. The data presented and the climatological information will be analysed and deciphered in more details.
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Ermilov, Sergey G., and Stefan Friedrich. "To the knowledge of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Samoa." Systematic and Applied Acarology 24, no. 1 (January 25, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.24.1.9.
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A new species of oribatid mites of the family Galumnidae (Acari, Oribatida) is described from Samoa; Pergalumna enricoi sp. nov. differs from Pergalumna foveolata Hammer, 1973 by the elongate oval, transversely oriented notogastral porose areas Aa and heavily tuberculate prodorsum. An identification key to the known species of the genus Pergalumna from the Australian region is presented. A list of oribatid mite taxa of the Samoan Islands, including 77 species/subspecies from 56 genera and 29 families, is provided.
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Breathnach, Oscar S., Boris Freidlin, Barbara Conley, Mark R. Green, David H. Johnson, David R. Gandara, Michael O’Connell, Frances A. Shepherd, and Bruce E. Johnson. "Twenty-Two Years of Phase III Trials for Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Sobering Results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 19, no. 6 (March 15, 2001): 1734–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2001.19.6.1734.
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PURPOSE: To determine the changes in clinical trials and outcomes of patients with advanced-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated on phase III randomized trials initiated in North America from 1973 to 1994. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Phase III trials for patients with advanced-stage NSCLC were identified through a search of the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program database from 1973 to 1994, contact with Cooperative Groups, and by literature search of MEDLINE. Patients with advanced NSCLC treated during a similar time interval were also examined in the SEER database. Trends were tested in the number of trials, in the number and sex of patients entered on the trials, and in survival over time. RESULTS: Thirty-three phase III trials were initiated between 1973 and 1994. Twenty-four trials (73%) were initiated within the first half of this period (1973 to 1983) and accounted for 5,359 (64%) of the 8,434 eligible patients. The median number of patients treated per arm of the trials rose from 77 (1973 to 1983) to 121 (1984 to 1994) (P < .001). Five trials (15%) showed a statistically significant difference in survival between treatment arms, with a median prolongation of the median survival of 2 months (range, 0.7 to 2.7 months). CONCLUSION: Analysis of past trials in North America shows that the prolongation in median survival between two arms of a randomized study was rarely in excess of 2 months. Techniques for improved use of patient resources and appropriate trial design for phase III randomized therapeutic trials with patients with advanced NSCLC need to be developed.
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Schurko, Robert W., Roderick E. Wasylishen, Scott J. Moore, Luigi G. Marzilli, and John H. Nelson. "Solid-state phosphorus-31 NMR study of phosphine- and phosphite-substituted cobaloximes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 11 (1999): 1973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-77-11-1973.
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Mettinger, K. L., C. E. Söderström, and J. Neiman. "Stroke before 55 years of age at Karolinska Hospital 1973-77. A study of 399 well-defined cases." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 70, no. 6 (January 29, 2009): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1984.tb00846.x.
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Aygun, M. "Comparative analysis of proximity potentials to describe scattering of 13C projectile off 12C, 16O, 28Si and 208Pb nuclei." Revista Mexicana de Física E 64, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfise.64.149.
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In this work, we examine the elastic scattering cross sections of 13C on 12C, 16O, 28Si and 208Pb target nuclei at different incident energies. For the first time, we apply six types of proximity potentials such as Broglia andWinther 1991 (BW 91), AageWinther (AW95), Christensen and Winther 1976 (CW 76), Bass 1973 (Bass 73), Bass 1977 (Bass 77) and Bass 1980 (Bass 80) in order to obtain the real part of the optical potential. The imaginary part is taken as the Woods-Saxon potential. Theoretical results are compared with each other as well as the experimental data.
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Wilson, John. "A third survey of university legal education in the United Kingdom." Legal Studies 13, no. 2 (July 1993): 143–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1993.tb00479.x.
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The second survey of legal education was published in July 1975 and was based largely on information gathered during the academic session 1973/74. At that time, the decision was taken to present the material in tabular form in order that the report could provide a framework for the future publication, at suitable intervals, of supplements containing appropriate up-dated tables. In pursuance of this objective, supplements were published in 1978 and 1981 with statistics drawn largely from sessions 1976/77 and 1980/81 respectively.Developments since 1981 now justify the undertaking of a more thorough review with the object of producing a third survey report.
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Parsons, E. C. M. "Strandings of Small Cetaceans in Hong Kong Territorial Waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no. 3 (August 1998): 1039–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400045021.
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Since official records were first initiated in 1973, there have been reports of 154 small cetacean strandings in Hong Kong territorial waters. The species Neophocaena phocaenoides (finless porpoise) and Sousa chinensis (Indo-Pacific hump-backed dolphin) accounted for 77% of these strandings. There are seasonal peaks in the number of reported strandings: Sousa chinensis is more frequently reported during the summer monsoon season and Neophocaena phocaenoides is more frequent in the winter. Almost a third of all finless porpoises stranded were calves. The number of reported small cetacean strandings in Hong Kong has increased dramatically in recent years; partially due to an increasing awareness of local cetaceans and possibly due to escalating levels of human disturbance and anthropogenic pollution.
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Crichlow, Michaeline A. "Reply to Jean Besson." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, no. 3-4 (January 1, 1995): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002640.
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[First lines]It is very difficult to operate within the plantation economy paradigm (Best 1968; Beckford 1972; Girvan 1973), and treat history as subject to change. This was the substance of my critique in my article in NWIG 68 (pp. 77-99). lts empirical subject matter dealing with the lived experiences of smallholders (popularly designated Caribbean folk) demonstrated the limitations of the plantation paradigm in exploring the rich lives of Caribbean working peoples. I am one of several analysts who has made my discomfort with the paradigm clear and so there have been numerous critiques (Bernstein & Pitt 1974; Sudama 1979). I will cite only the most salient given the nature of this exercise.
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Pribil, Stanislav. "Atlas hnízdního rozšíření ptáku̇ v ČSSR 1973/77. [The Atlas of Breeding Birds in Czechoslovakia] Karel Šťastný Aladár Randík Karel Hudec." Auk 107, no. 4 (October 1990): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4088034.
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Norling, L. L., and M. Landt. "Comparison of Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation in viable dispersed brain cells with calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity in cell-free preparations of rat brain." Biochemical Journal 232, no. 3 (December 15, 1985): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2320629.
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Using two depolarizing agents, veratrine and high concentrations of extracellular KCl, we studied depolarization-stimulated phosphorylations in 32P-labelled dispersed brain tissue in order to identify phosphoprotein substrates for Ca2+ - and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity at the cellular level, for comparison with findings in cell-free preparations. In intact brain cells, the only prominent depolarization-stimulated phosphorylation was a 77 kDa protein separated on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. This phosphorylation was dependent on external Ca2+, since chelation of Ca2+ in media with 6 mM-EGTA or the presence of verapamil (a Ca2+ -channel blocker) in the incubation media inhibited depolarization-stimulated phosphorylation of the 77 kDa protein. Phosphorylation of the 77 kDa protein also appeared to be dependent on calmodulin, because depolarization-stimulated phosphorylation was significantly decreased (P less than 0.05) when 100 microM-trifluoperazine was present in the incubation media. Polymyxin B, an inhibitor of Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent phosphorylation, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, the phorbol ester enhancing Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent phosphorylation, had no effect on the phosphorylation of the 77 kDa protein. The 77 kDa phosphoprotein was identified as a protein previously named synapsin I [Ueda, Maeno & Greengard (1973) J. Biol. Chem 248, 8295-8305] on the basis of similar migration of native and proteolytic fragments of the 77 kDa protein with those of authentic synapsin I on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Whereas several studies with cell-free preparations showed that 57 kDa and 54 kDa endogenous phosphoproteins were the most prominent species phosphorylated in a Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent manner, these results indicate that synapsin is the most prominent Ca2+-and calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation in intact cells. The phosphorylations of 54 kDa and 57 kDa proteins may not be as important in vivo, but instead occur as a result of the disruption of cellular integrity inherent in preparation of cell-free subfractions of brain tissue.
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Pavlovsky, S., C. Corrado, M. T. Santarelli, J. Saslavsky, F. Cavagnaro, M. Palau, M. de Tezanos Pinto, A. Huberman, and J. M. Lein. "An update of two randomized trials in previously untreated multiple myeloma comparing melphalan and prednisone versus three- and five-drug combinations: an Argentine Group for the Treatment of Acute Leukemia Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 6, no. 5 (May 1988): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1988.6.5.769.
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An update of two consecutive randomized studies in previously untreated multiple myeloma was performed. The first study (10-M-73) began in 1973; 150 patients were treated with melphalan and prednisone (MP) or semustine, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone (MeCP). In a second randomized study (3-M-77), begun in 1977, 260 patients were treated with MP or melphalan, prednisone, cyclophosphamide, semustine, and vincristine (MPCCV). A total of 27 of the 67 patients (40%) treated with MP and 33 of the 83 patients (40%) treated with MeCP showed a good response in protocol 10-M-73; 48 of 145 patients (33%) treated with MP and 51 of the 115 patients (44%) treated with MPCCV in protocol 3-M-77 obtained a good response (P is not significant). Median survival in protocol 10-M-73 was 30 months for MeCP and 38 months for MP. At 84 months, 19% and 9% remain alive, respectively. Median survival for protocol 3-M-77 was 44 months for those treated with MPCCV and 42 months for MP. At 60 months, 9% and 11% remain alive; this difference was not significant. Also, there was no survival difference for favorable or unfavorable prognostic groups among the four treatment arms of both protocols. It can be concluded, with a long-term follow-up of both protocols, that the combination of MP is as effective as the three- and five-drugs combinations, and in view of its simplicity and cost-saving advantages, it should be favored for initial therapy of multiple myeloma patients.
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Delwaide, Ann, and Louise Filion. "Coupes forestières effectuées par les Indiens et par la Compagnie de la Baie d’Hudson à Poste-de-la-Baleine, Québec subarctique." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032667ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Depuis plus de deux siècles, les Indiens Cris et les employés de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson ont exploité la forêt de la région de Poste-de-la-Baleine (Nouveau-Québec, 55°17'N, 77°47'0), notamment sur la terrasse au sud de la grande rivière de la Baleine. L'analyse dendrochronologique a permis la datation des coupes forestières depuis 1865, soit par l'augmentation de la croissance radiale des survivants, soit par l'âge des reprises de dominance apicale sur les arbres taillés ou par l'âge des cicatrices causées aux arbres par les coups de hache. Quelque 200 sites de camps et aires de coupe ont été cartographies et ont pu être datés précisément. Trois grandes périodes de fréquentation de la forêt ressortent de l'analyse. Pendant la période antérieure à 1954, la reconstitution de l'histoire des coupes révèle que la fréquentation de la forêt par les Cris était essentiellement estivale. Des coupes importantes ont aussi été effectuées pour le chauffage des établissements de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson. La période 1954-1973 se caractérise par une occupation de plus en plus continuelle du territoire par les Indiens. Les coupes s'intensifient à proximité du village, une quantité importante de bois y étant transporté pour le chauffage domestique. Enfin, on observe depuis 1973 une diminution importante du nombre et de l'étendue des coupes sur tout le territoire, cette période marquant la substitution du chauffage au bois par le chauffage à l'huile dans les habitations du village.
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Baek, HanUlAn, and JaeYoon Chang. "A study on the characteristics of college graduate job seekers who strongly believe unfounded tips on the successful job interview." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 27, no. 3 (August 31, 2014): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v27i3.519-542.
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Based on the perspective of Spence(1973)'s signaling theory, this study aimed to find out the unfounded tips on the successful job interview which were pervasive among college graduate job seekers, and to investigate the job seekers' characteristics which make them to strongly believe the unfounded tips. Using data from 120 college graduate job seekers and 77 managers who had experience of selection interview, this study could draw a lot of unfounded job interview tips which showed substantial difference of the perceived effectiveness of interview tips between job seekers and managers. After finding out the unfounded interview tips, this study also investigated the characteristics of job seekers who strongly believe them. The results showed that the degree of believing the unfounded job interview tips was positively related to the strength of formal job search behavior and the job seeking related stress, and negatively to having clear career planning.
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Nakamura, I., Y. Amau, K. Nonaka, and T. Miura. "Alternate Changes in Birth Seasonality of Twins During 1971–1984 in Japan." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 36, no. 3 (July 1987): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000006139.
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AbstractBirth dates of 1,536 twin-pairs in 1971-1984 were collected from the members of an association of twins' mothers. The seasonal variation of twinning changed every 2-4 years. Years when twinning rate was higher in the summer-fall season (1971-72, 1976-77, 1982-84) and those when a peak of the rate was not observed (1973-75, 1978-81) appeared alternately. In years with a summer-fall peak, the elevation of twinning in the summer-fall season was detected consistently in both like- and unlike-sexed and in both MZ and DZ twin groups. The twinning seasonality in these years, however, was not evident in twin births of mothers who were born in May-July. These results suggest the possibility that seasonal factors which influence the twinning rate be not multiple-ovulation-inducing but probably abortion-inducing factors and most likely seasonally epidemic microbes.
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Mills, K. H. "Responses of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) to Fertilization of Lake 226, the Experimental Lakes Area." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-016.
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The responses of an unexploited population of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) to fertilization of Lake 226 (L226), the Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario, were measured for 4 yr (1973–77). A vinyl sea curtain separated the lake into a northeast (NE) basin, which received P, N, and C additions, and a southwest (SW) basin, which received only N and C additions. Lake whitefish in the NE basin grew faster, had higher coefficients of condition, and had greater recruitment and production than those in the SW basin during the 2nd through 4th yr of fertilization. No differences between basins were detected in annual survival for fish [Formula: see text], but survival of age 0 fish was greater in the NE basin. Whitefish production in L226NE averaged twice that in L226SW from the 2nd to the 4th yr of fertilization, though significant variations occurred between years in both the NE and SW populations.
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Kaufmann, Matthew R., P. Ryan Camilon, Tyler A. Janz, and Jessica R. Levi. "Factors Associated With the Improved Survival of Head and Neck Neuroblastomas Compared to Other Body Sites." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489418818586.
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Objective: To examine pediatric neuroblastoma survival and management in the head and neck compared to other body sites. Study Design: Retrospective analysis of a large population database. Methods: Patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database with neuroblastoma, NOS; ganglioneuroblastoma; or olfactory neuroblastoma diagnosed from birth to 18 years between 1973 and 2014 were included. These patients were classified into 1 of 3 categories based on primary tumor site: head and neck, adrenal, and “other.” Results: Four thousand five hundred neuroblastoma cases were identified. One hundred seventy-five (3.9%) occurred in the head and neck, 1,934 (43.0%) occurred in the adrenal gland, and 2,391 (53.1%) occurred in “other” sites. The mean age at diagnosis was 4.21 years in the head and neck, 2.23 years in the adrenal gland, and 2.47 years in the “other” cohorts ( P < .001). Two- and 5-year disease-specific survival rates were 89% and 84% in the head and neck versus 77% and 65% in the adrenal and 84% and 77% in the “other” cohorts ( P < .001). The risk of disease-specific death (DSD) was higher in the adrenal cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.85; 95% CI, 1.54-5.27) compared to the head and neck cohort. Patients treated with surgery only had the lowest risk of DSD (aHR = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.13-0.35) compared to all other studied treatments. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that primary neuroblastoma of the head and neck has a better prognosis than primary neuroblastoma of the adrenal gland.
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Turnock, David. "Romanian Villages: Rural Planning under Communism." Rural History 2, no. 1 (April 1991): 81–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300002636.
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The village is an important research theme in Romania in view of its significance for culture and ecology as well as the modernisation process. Interest developed after Romanian Independence but the efforts of the early historians like A.D. Xenopol (1847–1920) were greatly extended after the First World War, when the enlargement of frontiers, adding Transylvania (and temporarily Bessarabia) to the Old Kingdom embracing Moldavia and Wallachia, gave Romanian scholars access to the whole of the central Carpathian belt. Historians like C. Daicoviciu (1898–1973) and C.C. Giurescu (1901–77) were joined by ethnographers and sociologists, such as D. Gusti (1880–1955) and R. Vuia (1887–1963), ecologists like I. Simionescu (1873–1944) and geographers including I. Conea (1902–74) and V. Mihailescu (1890–1978).1 Interdisciplinary research stimulated by royal patronage was particularly fruitful in the case of the project involving a selection of some sixty representative Romanian villages (‘60 sate romanesti’).2 This gave rise to numerous publications, including monographs and shorter pieces, which formed the core of a distinguished sociology journal of the 1930s: Sociologie Romaneasca.
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Tovell, Joyce Pressey. "The Creswell Library of Islamic Art and Architecture at the American University in Cairo Part One: in the Presence of the Original Owner, 1956-73." Art Libraries Journal 17, no. 4 (1992): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008051.
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In 1956 the American University in Cairo (AUC) committed itself to the formidable task of transforming a purchased personal library into a specialized university library supporting research and teaching in a new curriculum in Islamic art and architecture. The library’s original owner, K. A. C. Creswell, the eminent British historian of Islamic architecture, became at age 77 the university’s first professor in the discipline. An agreement that he would have exclusive use of the library during a three-year teaching period set the pattern for later years. Until 1973, while Creswell remained in Cairo, the uncatalogued library, though used by Islamic art faculty and their thesis-writing students, was barely accessible to other Islamic art students and faculty in related fields. Secrecy surrounding the library’s purchase hindered the university’s dealings with Creswell. When the Suez War interrupted final arrangements, Creswell’s exemption from the government-ordered expulsion of British nationals, and permission to move the books to the university, were secured by telling the government of Egypt that the library was Creswell’s gift to AUC.
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Scamoni, A. "Runge, M., Energieumsätze in den Biozönosen terrestrischer Ökosysteme. Scripta Geobotanica 4. 77 S., 8 Abb., 31 Tab. Verlag Erich Goltze KG, Göttingen 1973. Preis geb. DM 15,-." Feddes Repertorium 86, no. 9-10 (April 18, 2008): 623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19750860920.
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Agosta, Eduardo A., and Rosa H. Compagnucci. "Central-West Argentina Summer Precipitation Variability and Atmospheric Teleconnections." Journal of Climate 25, no. 5 (March 2012): 1657–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00206.1.
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The interannual-to-multidecadal variability of central-west Argentina (CWA) summer (October–March) precipitation and associated tropospheric circulation are studied in the period 1900–2010. Precipitation shows significant quasi cycles with periods of about 2, 4–5, 6–8, and 16–22 yr. The quasi-bidecadal oscillation is significant from the early 1910s until the mid-1970s and is present in pressure time series over the southwestern South Atlantic. According to the lower-frequency spectral variation, a prolonged wet spell is observed from 1973 to the early 2000s. The precipitation variability shows a reversal trend since then. In that wet epoch, the regionally averaged precipitation has been increased about 24%. The lower-frequency spectral variation is attributed to the climate shift of 1976/77. From the early twentieth century until the mid-1970s, the precipitation variability is associated with barotropic quasi-stationary wave (QSW) propagation from the tropical southern Indian Ocean and the South Pacific, generating vertical motion and moisture anomalies at middle-to-subtropical latitudes east of the Andes over southern South America. The QSW propagation could be related to anomalous convection partly induced by tropical anomalous SSTs in the western Indian Ocean (WIO). It could also be linked to another midlatitude source along the storm tracks, to the east of New Zealand. After 1976/77, the precipitation variability is associated with equatorial symmetric circulation anomalies linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like warmer conditions. Positive moisture anomalies are consistently observed at lower latitudes in association with inflation of the western flank of the South Atlantic anticyclone. Outside of this, the precipitation variability is unrelated to ENSO.
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Gimenez, Andres Rosello, Luiz Guilherme Altopiedi, Nicolás Versolato Carballo, Leila Cristina Magalhães Silva, and Cleber Wanderlei Liria. "O aumento da produtividade e a busca pela excelência na produção do etanol brasileiro: uma história de sucesso." Research, Society and Development 7, no. 2 (February 19, 2018): e1472195. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/rsd-v7i2.270.
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Atualmente, o Brasil é líder quando o assunto é produtividade na obtenção de etanol. Os avanços na tecnologia de produção deste biocombustível foram impulsionados por fatores mundiais e nacionais. Um desses fatores foi a criação do Programa Nacional do Álcool (Proálcool) pelo governo federal em 1973. A partir daí, os pesquisadores brasileiros começaram os estudos de otimização da cadeia produtiva que levaram o país a se destacar no cenário internacional. Os principais resultados foram: i) aumento, de 73%, na produtividade agrícola; redução, de 77%, no tempo de fermentação; e aumento, de 44 vezes, na produção anual de etanol; ii) autossuficiência e venda da energia elétrica produzida pela queima do bagaço; iii) menor custo de produção de etanol quando comparado com o custo de produção norte americano. A partir de 2010, os ganhos em produtividade foram pequenos, mesmo com a grande produção científica. Para que o Brasil continue ocupando os altos patamares no ranking mundial de produtores de etanol, será necessário: i) buscar a viabilidade econômica da produção de etanol de segunda geração; ii) transformar as usinas em biorrefinarias para converter o etanol em moléculas de maior valor agregado.
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Boujenane, I., and M. Machmoum. "Mensurations corporelles des ânes des races Poitevine et Catalane et de leurs croisés au Maroc." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10015.
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L’étude a porté sur l’analyse des mensurations corporelles de 125 ânes de race Poitevine (P), 107 de race Catalane (C) et 77 croisés réciproques (PxC et CxP) utilisés dans les haras nationaux au Maroc. Ces ânes étaient nés entre 1937 et 1973 au Maroc, en France et en Espagne. Le type génétique des ânes avait un effet significatif sur toutes les mensurations étudiées sauf sur la hauteur au garrot. Les ânes Poitevins avaient une hauteur au garrot, un tour de poitrine, un poids corporel, une longueur du corps, un vide sous-sternal et un tour du canon antérieur respectivement de 139,7 cm, 152,4 cm, 346,4 kg, 143,2 cm, 76,8 cm et 20,5 cm. Les différences par rapport aux ânes Catalans étaient respectivement de – 0,5 cm, 2,7 cm, 15,7 kg, 3,7 cm, – 1,4 cm et 1,5 cm, et par rapport aux ânes croisés de 1,4 cm, 2,3 cm, 14,2 kg, 5,1 cm, – 0,5 cm et 1,3 cm. L’effet hétérosis était significatif pour la longueur du corps (– 2,30 p. 100) et le tour du canon antérieur (– 2,78 p. 100) seulement. Il est conclu que les mensurations corporelles des ânes Poitevins et Catalans sont légèrement différentes.
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Piccirillo, Jay F., Clarence T. Sasaki, Carolyn K. Wells, and Alvan R. Feinstein. "New Clinical Severity Staging System for Cancer of the Larynx." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 103, no. 2 (February 1994): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949410300201.
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Although statistics for cancer of the larynx are reported according to the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) morphological staging system, functional clinical distinctions can identify major prognostic differences within the same morphological stage. This study was done to improve the staging system by incorporating pertinent clinical variables. In 193 patients with cancer of the larynx first treated between 1973 and 1985, the total 5-year survival was 66% (127/193). By TNM stage it was I, 78% (60/77); II, 67% (32/48); III, 60% (27/45); and IV, 35% (8/23). In three new functional severity stages that combined symptom severity and comorbidity, the corresponding rates were alpha, 83% (89/107); beta, 58% (34/59); and gamma, 15% (4/27). The functional severity stages could be combined with TNM stages to create a powerful new clinical severity staging system, in which the survival results were A, 88% (53/60); B, 80% (24/30); C, 63% (38/60); and D, 28% (12/43). These results demonstrate that inclusion of clinical variables in a formal staging system can strikingly improve prognostic estimations and classification of patients.
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ApSimon, A. M. "Excavations at Mount Sandel 1973–77. By P. C. Woodman. 201 pp., 16 pls, 99 figs, 54 tabs, 1 microfiche. Northern Ireland Archaeological Monographs, No. 2. Belfast: H.M.S.O., 1985." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 52 (1986): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00006794.
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Evans, Marlene S. "Large-Lake Responses to Declines in the Abundance of a Major Fish Planktivore—the Lake Michigan Example." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1738–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-198.
Full textAbstract:
Alewife abundances declined dramatically in southeastern Lake Michigan over 1973–77, several years before the lakewide decline occurred. The regional effects of this decline on adult copepod abundances, zooplankton biomass, and water clarity are examined. In the offshore region, the two largest copepods, Limnocalanus macrurus and Diaptomus sicilis, increased in abundance during the mid-1970's, reflecting the decrease in alewife predation. Limnocalanus macrurus abundances declined in later years, reflecting increased prédation pressures from the increasing bloater population. The small-bodied D. minutus and the medium-bodied D. ashlandi exhibited no apparent response to the decline in alewife abundance. Large-bodied D. oregonensis and small-bodied C. bicuspidatus thomasi declined in abundance. Size-selective fish prédation pressures continued to remain high in the inshore region: increased abundances of yellow perch and rainbow smelt apparently compensated for the alewife decline. Zooplankton biomass, zooplankton mean dry weight, and water clarity apparently were not affected by the decline in alewife abundance in either the inshore or offshore region. The results of this study are evaluated in terms of the lakewide decline in alewife abundance, the summer 1983 dominance of Daphnia pulicaria in offshore waters, the 1983 marked improvement in offshore water clarity, and later changes in summer offshore D. pulicaria populations.
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Dirksen, P. B. "Song of Songs Iii 6-7." Vetus Testamentum 39, no. 2 (1989): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853389x00093.
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AbstractAB The Anchor Bible; AT An American Translation (1923, 1951 15); A TD Das Alte Testament Deutsch; BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Stuttgart, 1967/77); BKAT Biblischer Kommentar Altes Testament; COT Commentaar op het Oude Testament; BJér La Bible de Jérusalem (Paris, 1973); Buber M. Buber, Die Schrift verdeutscht (Heidelberg, 1980); CBA The Holy Bible, Translated... by Members of the Catholic Biblical Association of America (Paterson, New Jersey, 1955); GB W. Gesenius and F. Buhl, Hebräisches und Aramäisches Handwörterbuch über das Alte Testament (Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg, 1949 17); GK W. Gesenius/E. Kautzsch, Hebräische Grammatik (Leipzig, 1896 16) ; GNB Good News Bible (London, 1976); HAT Handbuch zum A lten Testament; HkA T Handkommentar zum Alten Testament; JerB The Jerusalem Bible (London, 1966); KAT Kommentar zum Alten Testament; KB L. Koehler and W. Baumgartner, Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros (Leiden, 1958, 19743); KHkAT Kurzer Handkommentar zum Alten Testament; Moff. J. Moffatt, A New Translation of the Bible (London, 1950); NBE Nueva Biblica Española (Madrid, 1975); NEB The New English Bible (Oxford, 1970); Pl La Bible, Bibliothèque de la Pléiade (1959); NV Nieuwe Vertaling (Amsterdam, 1951); RSV Revised Standard Version (New York, 1952); SB La Sainte Bible, Version Synodale (Paris, 1929 3); SBMar La Sainte Bible. Texte intégral établi par les moines de Maredsous (1977).
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Collier, P. W., J. C. M. Sharp, Aida F. MacLeod, G. I. Forbes, and F. Mackay. "Food poisoning in hospitals in Scotland, 1978–87." Epidemiology and Infection 101, no. 3 (December 1988): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880002954x.
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SUMMARYDuring the 10-year period 1978–87 there were 48 outbreaks of food poisoning in Scottish hospitals affeeting a total of 2287 persons of whom 12 died. This compared with 50 outbreaks during the previous 5 years (1973–77) when over 1500 persons and 7 deaths were recorded. Although the incidence of outbreaks has decreased the average number of persons affected in outbreaks has increased. A marked reduction was seen in the incidence of outbreaks due to Clostridium perfringens, in contrast to foodborne salmonellosis which remains a problem. Thirty-four hospitals, of which 10 reported two or more outbreaks, were involved. The type of hospitals most frequently affected were general (14), psychiatric (13), geriatric (9) and hospitals for the mentally subnormal (7). Meat, including poultry meat, was incriminated in over 90% of outbreaks where a food vehicle was identified. In modern or re-equipped kitchens cooking in advance with subsequent reheating is being progressively discontinued as more food is being cooked on the day of consumption, a practice which may readily explain the decreasing incidence of outbreaks due to Cl. perfringens. Bacterial cross-contamination from poultry-meat and other raw foods, compounded by inadequate temperature control, however, continues to be a problem in some hospitals. It is too early as yet to determine whether the removal of Crown immunity will have any effect on the future incidence of hospital ‘food poisoning’.
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Tahir, Rizwan. "Defence Spending and Economic Growth: Re-examining the Issue of Causality for Pakistan and India." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (December 1, 1995): 1109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.1109-1117.
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What is the impact of carrying a heavy defence burden on the country’s economic development and growth? Views expressed in the literature1 argue that national defence is a consumption good which reduces economic growth by reducing saving and capital investment. A number of empirical studies have investigated the possible trade-offs between defence spending and other government expenditures like health and education. Empirical evidence concerning the relationship between defence spending and economic growth for developed countries is not inconsistent with the view that defence reduced the resources available for investment and hurts economic growth. See, for example, Benoit (1973). The evidence for developing countries, however, has not been entirely consistent or conclusive.2 Benoit (1978), using data on 44 less developed countries (LDCs) for the period 1950–65, found a strong positive association between defence spending and growth of civilian output per capita. Fredericksen and Looney (1982), using data for the period 1960–78 on a large cross-section, concluded that increased defence spending assists economic growth in resource-rich countries and not in resource-constraint ones. Using a sample of 54 LDCs pertaining to the period 1965–73, Lim (1983) found that defence spending hurts economic growth. Biswas and Ram (1986) in a sample of 58 LDCs for time-periods 1960–70 and 1970–77, using conventional and augmented growth models, concluded that military expenditures neither help nor hurt economic growth to any significant extent.
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Schabalina, Tatjana. ""Texte zur Music" in Sankt Petersburg. Neue Quellen zur Leipziger Musikgeschichte sowie zur Kompositions- und Aufführungstätigkeit Johann Sebastian Bachs." Bach-Jahrbuch 94 (March 13, 2018): 33–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/bjb.v20081898.
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Der Artikel beleuchtet die verblüffend reichhaltige Überlieferung von für die Bachforschung relevanten Textdrucken des 18. Jh. in der russischen Staatsbibliothek St. Petersburg und bietet über die im BJ 1973 von Wolfgang Hobohm gebotene Übersicht der damals bekannten Quellen (Link s.u.) hinaus eine Bibliografie neu aufgefundener Textdrucke zu Vokalwerken Bachs und seiner Zeitgenossen (S. 35-43). Genauer werden daraufhin Textdrucke zu Werken von Vorgängern und Nachfolgern J. S. Bachs dargestellt (mit Incipits der einzelnen Sätze) (S. 43-61). Textdrucke zu Werken von Bach selbst werden in zwei Abteilungen behandelt; S. 61-77 geistliche, S. 85-88 weltliche Kantaten. Dazwischen wird der Text des Passionsoratoriums von 1734 erläutert, der erstmals die genaue Bestimmung dieses Werkes als Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld G. H. Stölzels erlaubt. Weitere Beobachtungen und Schlüsse aus dem reichhaltigen Fund vervollständigen den Artikel.
Erwähnte Artikel: John W. Grubbs: Ein Passions-Pasticcio des 18. Jahrhunderts. BJ 1965, S. 10-42
Hans-Jaochim Schulze: Johann Sebastian Bach und Christian Gottlob Meißner. BJ 1968, S. 80-88
Wolf Hobohm: Neue "Texte zur Leipziger Kirchen-Music". BJ 1973, S. 5-32
Andreas Glöckner: Johann Sebastian Bachs Aufführungen zeitgenössischer Passionsmusiken. BJ 1977, S. 75-119
Hans-Joachim Schulze: Ein "Dresdner Menuett" im zweiten Klavierbüchlein der Anna Magdalena Bach. Nebst Hinweisen zur Überlieferung einiger Kammermusikwerke Bachs. BJ 1979, S. 45-64
Hans-Joachim Schulze: "Entfernet euch, ihr heitern Sterne", BWV Anh. 9. BJ 1985, S. 166-168
Christine Fröde: Zur Entstehung der Kantate "Ihr Tore zu Zion" (BWV 193). BJ 1991, S. 183-186
Ulrich Leisinger, Peter Wollny: "Altes Zeug von mir". Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs kompositorisches Schaffen vor 1740. BJ 1993, S. 127-204
Wolf Hobohm: Kantatentextsammlungen der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts - Texte zur Musik? BJ 1997, S. 185-192
Peter Wollny: Tennstedt, Leipzig, Naumburg, Halle - Neuerkenntnisse zur Bach-Überlieferung in Mitteldeutschland. BJ 2002, S. 29-60
Christoph Wolff (et al.): Zurück in Berlin: Das Notenarchiv der Sing-Akademie. BJ 2002, S. 165-180
Peter Wollny: "Bekennen will ich seinen Namen" - Authentizität, Bestimmung und Kontext der Arie BWV 200. Anmerkungen zu Johann Sebastian Bachs Rezeption von Werken Gottfried Heinrich Stölzels. BJ 2008, S. 123-158
Vergleiche auch: Tatjana Schabalina: "Texte zur Music" in Sankt Petersburg - Weitere Funde. BJ 2009, S. 11-48
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Derolf, Åsa Rangert, Therese M.-L. Andersson, Paul C. Lambert, Sigurdur Y. Kristinsson, Sandra Eloranta, Ola Landgren, Paul W. Dickman, and Magnus Bjorkholm. "Temporal Trends in the Proportion Cured Among Patients Diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Sweden 1973-2001, a Population-Based Study." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1378.1378.
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Abstract Abstract 1378 Poster Board I-400 Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults and is rapidly fatal without specific therapy. In a recently published population-based study we showed large differences in 1- and 5-year relative survival in AML patients in Sweden depending on age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis[1]. Here we use an alternative approach to study patient survival that simultaneously estimates the proportion of patients cured from AML and the survival time of those patients that are not cured. The cure proportion provides a better estimate of long-term survival than 5-year survival and is therefore of direct interest to patients and health care professions. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study including 6,439 patients aged 19-79 diagnosed with AML in Sweden 1973 to 2001. Patients are considered statistically cured when, as a group, their mortality returns the level of a comparable general population. We estimated mixture cure fraction models that provide estimates of both the cure proportion and the distribution of survival times of the “uncured”. Age at diagnosis was classified into four categories 19-40, 41-60, 61-70 and 71-80 and year of diagnosis was modeled using restricted cubic splines. Results: During the first years of the study period the cure fraction was less than 5% for all age groups and the median survival time for “uncured” approximately 0.5 years or less. In 2000 the estimated cure proportion was 68% (95% CI 56%-77%) for the youngest age group, 32% (25-39%) for those aged 41-60, 8.4% (3.1-21%) for those aged 61-70 at diagnosis and 4.3% (2.3-8.1%) for the oldest age group. The estimated median survival times for “uncured” were 0.74 (0.43-1.26), 0.71 (0.53-0.97), 0.69 (0.51-0.95) and 0.37 (0.31-0.44) years respectively (Table 1). The improvement in survival manifested as longer survival among the uncured during the early calendar years but increases in the cure proportion were observed during later years. Conclusion: There are large differences in the proportion cured between the age groups. In younger patients the cure proportion has increased dramatically, while survival of the “uncured” actually decreased in the last time period. In the older age groups improvement is merely seen within the survival of the “uncured”. [1] Derolf AR, Kristinsson SY, Andersson TM-L, Landgren O, Dickman PW, Björkholm M. Improved patient survival for acute myeloid leukemia: A population-based study of 9,729 patients diagnosed in Sweden 1973-2005. Blood. 2009 Apr 16;113(16):3666-72. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Goodwin, Godfrey. "The formation of Islamic art. By Oleg Grabar. Revised and enlarged edition, pp. xix, 232, 77 pl., map. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1987. (First pub. 1973.) £40.00 (cloth), £14.95 (paperback)." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 121, no. 1 (January 1989): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00168029.
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Dixon, G. R., C. D. Kershaw, and E. A. Hunter. "Crop yields from lucerne (Medicago sativa) cultivars displaying gradations in resistance to wilt (Verticillium albo-atrum)." Journal of Agricultural Science 112, no. 3 (June 1989): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960008583x.
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SummaryYields from lucerne cultivars grown on land infested with Verticillium albo-atrum, a cause of wilt disease, were studied over the period 1969–77. Field experiments established in 1969, 1971, 1972 and 1973 were maintained for periods of 4–6 years. Reactions by cvs Europe and Vertus were of principal interest. Europe is considered to be moderately susceptible, initially producing yields exceeding those of resistant types on uninfested land. In comparison cv. Vertus has considerable resistance derived from a polygenic system. In the first 2 cropping years on infested land, Europe yielded similarly to Vertus with only slight symptom expression. In year 3, Europe maintained comparable yields to Vertus but with increasing disease expression. During succeeding years Europe was badly affected by discase and yields were below those achieved by Vertus. Data from other cultivars indicated a positive correlation between symptoms in years 4 and 5, a negative correlation between dry-matter yield in year 5 and symptom severity in year 4, and a negative correlation between symptom severity and yield in year 5. Symptom expression and pathogen build-up appear to occur at similar rates in the latter years of a lucerne crop. Disease development in one season has a considerable effect on future productivity. These findings are discussed in terms of the primary (extra-vascular) and secondary (intra-vascular) determinants of resistance to wilt pathogens. It is suggested that the apparent moderate susceptibility of cv. Europe in seasons two and three relates to a rapid growth rate.
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Hare, Felicia, Jashmin Kirankumar Patel, Moon Jung Fenton, and Michael Gary Martin. "The effect of adjuvant radiation on survival for patients with resected localized or regional primary small cell carcinoma of the breast." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 26_suppl (September 10, 2014): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.26_suppl.87.
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87 Background: Primary small cell carcinoma of the breast (SCCB) is rare and prognosis, the role of radiation therapy and outcomes are largely undefined. Methods: Using case listing session of SEER 18 (1973-2010) we examined outcomes for patients (pts) with SCCB. Analyses were conducted with SEER*Stat 8.1.2, Microsoft Excel 2007 and GraphPad Prism 6. Comparisons were made using the chi-squared test and log rank test (Mantel-Cox); all p-values were 2-sided. Results: 199 pts with primary SCCB with staging were identified; median age was 65 (range 28-97); 98% were female. 84 (42%) had localized disease (dz), 77 (39%) had regional dz and 38 (19%) had distant dz. 95% of pts with localized dz and 88% of pts with regional dz had breast surgery. Median overall survival (OS) varied by stage (150 months [m] v 56m v 7m, p<0.001) and radiation did not impact OS for pts with either localized (202m v 147m, p=0.477) or regional (52m v 75m, p=0.650) dz. For comparison 81,933 cases of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were identified in SEER; 8% localized, 29%regional and 63% distant disease. Outcomes were superior for pts with SCCB with localized (150m v 16m, p<0.001) and regional dz (56m v 13m, p<0.001) but not distant dz (7m v 7m, p=0.043). Conclusions: SCCB presents at an earlier stage than and has a more favorable prognosis by stage for localized and regional dz than SCLC. Adjuvant radiation does not improve survival for patients with localized or regional SCCB.
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Sharma, K. P., and P. K. Garg. "Estimation of Snow-Melt Run-Off During Pre-Monsoon Months in Beas Sub-Basin using Satellite Imagery (Abstract)." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026030550000094x.
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The increasing demand for water, coupled with the construction of multi-purpose reservoirs to control and regulate snow-melt run-off, requires accurate strearm-flow forecast. For making an accurate prediction of spring run-off, information on the amount of snow accumulation in winter is necessary; this may be achieved through remote-sensing techniques in any inaccessible region. This paper outlines the snow-melt run-off study carried out in a part of Beas basin, India, using Landsat imagery for the years 1973, 1975, 1976, and 1977. The Beas basin lies between long. 76°56' to 77°52'E. and lat. 31°30' to 32°25'N., covering an area about 4900 km2, of which 1400 km2 is permanently covered by snow. The gradual melting of snow accumulated over the catchment area during the winter months is responsible for the perennial character of the Beas River. Photohydrological investigation of the part of the Beas basin up-stream of Barji was carried out and a study was made for the estimation of the snow-melt run-off during the pre-monsoon period in the sub-basin up-stream of Manali. For this purpose, the sub-basin has been divided into permanent and temporary snow-covered zones. The degree-day method and the melt due to rainfall on snow have been used to estimate snow-melt run-off. The routing of snow-melt, after accounting for losses as well as the run-off from the excess rainfall from the permanent and temporary snow-covered areas, has also been done taking the recession coefficient K as 0.90, and the excess rain from the non-snow-covered areas has been assumed to contribute directly to the run-off for that day. Run-off coefficients of 0.595 for rainfall on the snow-covered areas and 0.278 for rainfall on the non-snow-covered areas have been determined. Reference can be made to similar work in India and Pakistan to establish the relationship between the snow cover and the cumulative discharges for the months of March, April, and May of the years 1973, 1975, 1976, and 1977, and an exponential trend was observed with the help of Landsat Imagery. Furthermore, the snow-covered areas as determined from bands 5 and 7 of the Landsat imagery, for the same day, showed a linear trend. The analysis of the results shows that remote-sensing data used in conjunction with conventional methods are likely to improve the accuracy of the snow-melt forecasts in remote areas like the Himalayan catchments.
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Sharma, K. P., and P. K. Garg. "Estimation of Snow-Melt Run-Off During Pre-Monsoon Months in Beas Sub-Basin using Satellite Imagery (Abstract)." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s026030550000094x.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing demand for water, coupled with the construction of multi-purpose reservoirs to control and regulate snow-melt run-off, requires accurate strearm-flow forecast. For making an accurate prediction of spring run-off, information on the amount of snow accumulation in winter is necessary; this may be achieved through remote-sensing techniques in any inaccessible region.This paper outlines the snow-melt run-off study carried out in a part of Beas basin, India, using Landsat imagery for the years 1973, 1975, 1976, and 1977. The Beas basin lies between long. 76°56' to 77°52'E. and lat. 31°30' to 32°25'N., covering an area about 4900 km2, of which 1400 km2 is permanently covered by snow. The gradual melting of snow accumulated over the catchment area during the winter months is responsible for the perennial character of the Beas River.Photohydrological investigation of the part of the Beas basin up-stream of Barji was carried out and a study was made for the estimation of the snow-melt run-off during the pre-monsoon period in the sub-basin up-stream of Manali. For this purpose, the sub-basin has been divided into permanent and temporary snow-covered zones. The degree-day method and the melt due to rainfall on snow have been used to estimate snow-melt run-off. The routing of snow-melt, after accounting for losses as well as the run-off from the excess rainfall from the permanent and temporary snow-covered areas, has also been done taking the recession coefficient K as 0.90, and the excess rain from the non-snow-covered areas has been assumed to contribute directly to the run-off for that day. Run-off coefficients of 0.595 for rainfall on the snow-covered areas and 0.278 for rainfall on the non-snow-covered areas have been determined.Reference can be made to similar work in India and Pakistan to establish the relationship between the snow cover and the cumulative discharges for the months of March, April, and May of the years 1973, 1975, 1976, and 1977, and an exponential trend was observed with the help of Landsat Imagery. Furthermore, the snow-covered areas as determined from bands 5 and 7 of the Landsat imagery, for the same day, showed a linear trend.The analysis of the results shows that remote-sensing data used in conjunction with conventional methods are likely to improve the accuracy of the snow-melt forecasts in remote areas like the Himalayan catchments.
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Nistala, Puja, Carl E. Freter, Donald Doll, and Akm Mosharaff Hossain. "Epidemiological and Survival Disparities of Multiple Myeloma in Different Ethnicities in the USA: A SEER Database Based Analysis From 1973 to 2009." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4967.4967.
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Abstract Abstract 4967 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy affecting all races and the incidence is increasing. The rise in incidence is partly due to an increase in average life span in the patient population above the age of 65. It is estimated that 21, 700 individuals will be diagnosed with and 10, 710 patients will die of myeloma in 2012. The comparative epidemiological and survival data on different ethnic groups has not been analyzed on a large population scale. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the epidemiologic and survival parameters of MM in major US ethnic groups which may provide new insights into disease pathophysiology. Methods: The SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) database has been reporting cancer incidence since 1973. Using SEER 18 registries database 1973–2009, appropriate frequency and survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier survival method age adjusted) were performed and compared. Results: US whites (USW) accounted for the highest reported cases (77%) while the next highest reported cases were AA population (17%) (Table 1). On the contrary, the incidence of MM was highest in AA (11. 7%) and lowest in the US-Hispanic group (3. 4%). Male to female distribution was similar among groups. The median age at diagnosis was 63yrs in AA and 62yrs in US-Asians compared to ∼70yrs in the other ethnic groups. The cancer at presentation was more advanced in the AA and US-Asian groups. However, as shown in both Tables 1 & 2, the mortality rates were significantly lower in the US-Asian population when compared to other ethnic groups (2. 4%). Conclusions: Our analysis shows that the incidence of MM is highest in AA population, with more males affected than females, and least common in US-Asian population, more specifically US-Asian women. Interestingly, we observed that not only the average age of diagnosis is significantly less in both groups, but those presenting with an advanced stage are also significantly increased in number. However, the improved mortality rates and survival in US-Asians may be attributed to differences in tumor biology, cytogenetics, emigrational factors, higher socioeconomic status, better health care, higher educational background with awareness, lifestyle and environmental factors such as dietary habits and obesity. Large scale epidemiological studies performed by Alexander et al in 2007 demonstrated an association between obesity and an increased risk of MM whereas dietary factors such as increased consumption of green vegetables and fish was linked to a decrease in risk. Molecular and cytogenetic studies are warranted to examine the behavior and biology of MM in these AA and US-Asian ethnicities, directly comparing the treatment and management of this particular disease, which may translate into better understanding of pathogenesis and identification of prognostic factors leading to improvements in treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Sousa, Arturo, Mónica Aguilar-Alba, Mark Vetter, Leoncio García-Barrón, and Julia Morales. "Spatiotemporal Distribution of Malaria in Spain in a Global Change Context." Atmosphere 11, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040346.
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Malaria is one of the most cited vector-borne infectious diseases by climate change expert panels. Malaria vectors often need water sheets or wetlands to complete the disease life cycle. The current context of population mobility and global change requires detailed monitoring and surveillance of malaria in all countries. This study analysed the spatiotemporal distribution of death and illness cases caused by autochthonous and imported malaria in Spain during the 20th and 21st centuries using multidisciplinary sources, Geographic Information System (GIS) and geovisualisation. The results obtained reveal that, in the 20th and 21st centuries, malaria has not had a homogeneous spatial distribution. Between 1916 and 1930, 77% of deaths from autochthonous malaria were concentrated in only 20% of Spanish provinces; in 1932, 88% of patients treated in anti-malarial dispensaries were concentrated in these same provinces. These last data reveal the huge potential that anti-malarial dispensaries could have as a tool to reconstruct historical epidemiology. Spanish autochthonous malaria has presented epidemic upsurge episodes, especially those of 1917–1922 and 1939–1944, influenced by armed conflict, population movement and damaged health and hygiene conditions. Although meteorological variables have not played a key role in these epidemic episodes, they contributed by providing suitable conditions for their intensification. After the eradication of autochthonous malaria in 1961, imported malaria cases began to be detected in 1973, reaching more than 700 cases per year at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. Therefore, consistent and detailed historical studies are necessary to better understand the drivers that have led to the decline and elimination of malaria in Europe and other temperate countries.
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Hoeritzauer, Ingrid, Alan J. Carson, and Jon Stone. "‘Cryptogenic Drop Attacks’ revisited: evidence of overlap with functional neurological disorder." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 7 (February 7, 2018): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317396.
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ObjectiveIn their 1973 BMJ paper ‘Cryptogenic Drop Attacks’, Stevens and Matthews described 40, mostly middle-aged, female patients with drop attacks of unknown cause. Although clinically common, there has been little on this topic since. We aimed to determine clinical features, comorbidity and outcome of patients with drop attacks.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective review of patients with cryptogenic drop attacks seen consecutively by one clinician (JS) between 2006 and 2016. Demographics, phenomenology, duration and frequency of attacks, attack description and comorbid diagnoses were recorded. Patients were followed up with a notes review.Results83 patients with cryptogenic drop attacks were predominantly female (89%, n=79), mean age 44 years. The majority (93%, n=77) could not remember the fall itself and almost half (43%, n=36) experienced prodromal dissociative symptoms. Mechanical trips or syncope preceded drop attacks, historically, in 24% (n=20) of cases. Persistent fatigue (73%, n=61), chronic pain (40%, n=33), functional limb weakness (31%,n=26) and dissociative (non-epileptic) attacks 28% (n=23) were common, with the latter usually preceding or emerging from drop attacks. At follow-up (88%, mean 38 months), 28% (n=23) had resolution of their drop attacks. Predisposing (but non-causative) disease comorbidity was found at baseline (n=12) and follow-up (n=5).ConclusionsCryptogenic drop attacks are associated with high frequency of comorbid functional somatic and functional neurological disorders. Patients commonly have prodromal dissociative symptoms and in some there was a clear relationship with prior or subsequent dissociative (non-epileptic) attacks. Some cryptogenic drop attacks may be best understood as phenomena on the spectrum of dissociative attacks.
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Постолова, Ірина, and Наталія Томарєва. "Perception of the Lexeme 'Europe' by Students: A Psycholinguistic Analysis." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.1.pos.
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The article analyzes the results of the free associative experiment, which was conducted among first-year students during 2016-2018. According to the frequency of reactions, the authors model the structure of the associative field: nucleus, body and periphery; define the morphological and semantic groups of associations on the word-stimulus ‘Europe’ obtained during the experiment, analyze the syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships among the reactions, build the structure of the resulting associative field. The responses of respondents are significantly dominated by nouns; occasionally occur adjectives, verbs, adverbs and pronouns; adjectives and adverbs are mostly colored with emotions and estimations. Phrases make a significant group of associations phrases (about one fifth). Among the above mentioned things, toponyms and surnames of well-known political figures are named. Semantically, all associations are divided in general cultural, economic and political, such ones that express aesthetic perception of the word-stimulus, as well as those related to travel and leisure. Special attention in the article is given to emotional coloring of reactions (they are divided in positive, negative and neutral). Thus, the material presented in the work reflects, to a certain extent, the perception of the word-stimulus 'Europe' by contemporary student youth.
References
Горошко Е. Интегративная модель свободного ассоциативного эксперимента. Харьков: Изд. группа “РА – Каравелла”, 2001.
Postolova, I., Tomarieva, N. (2017). Emotional Aspects of Psycholinguistic Experiment with “Europe” as a word-stimulus. Third International Conference Challenges of Psycholinguistics and Psychology of Language and Speech COPAPOLS 2017. Book of Abstracts (77-78). Lutsk: Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University.
Жаботинская С. Язык как оружие в войне мировоззрений. МАЙДАН- АНТИМАЙДАН: словарь-тезаурус лексических инноваций. Украина, декабрь 2013 – декабрь 2014. Retrieved from: http://uaclip.at.ua/zhabotinskaja-jazyk_kak_oruzhie.pdf
References (translated and transliterated)
Goroshko, E. Integrativnaya model svobodnogo assotsiativnogo eksperimenta [Integrational model of free associative experiment]. Kharkiv: RA–Karavella, 2001.
Postolova, I., Tomarieva, N. (2017). Emotional Aspects of Psycholinguistic Experiment with “Europe” as a word-stimulus. Third International Conference Challenges of Psycholinguistics and Psychology of Language and Speech COPAPOLS 2017. Book of Abstracts (77-78). Lutsk: Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University.
Zhabotinskaya, S. Yazyk kak Oruzhiye v Voyne Mirovozzreniy. MAIDAN-ANTIMAIDAN: Slovar-Tezaurus Leksicheskikh Innovatsiy. Ukraina, dekabr 2013 – dekabr 2014 [Language as a Weapon in the War of Worldviews. MAIDAN- ANTIMAIDAN: Dictionary-Thesaurus of Lexical Innovations. Ukraine, December 2013 – December 2014] Retrieved from: http://uaclip.at.ua/zhabotinskaja-jazyk_kak_oruzhie.pdf
Джерела
Асоціативний експеримент. Короткий психологічний словник / за ред. В. Войтко. Київ: Вища школа, 1978.
Бутенко Н. Словник асоціативних норм української мови. Львів: Вища школа, 1979.
Бутенко Н. Словник асоціативних означень іменників в українській мові. Львів: Вища школа, 1989.
Мартінек С. Український асоціативний словник: У 2 т. 2-ге вид. Львів: Паїс, 2008.
Славянский ассоциативный словарь: русский, белорусский, болгарский, украинский / под ред. Н. Уфимцевой. М., 2004.
Словарь ассоциативных норм русского языка. Прямой / под ред. А. Леонтьева. M., 1973.
Черкасова Г. Русский сопоставительный ассоциативный словарь. М.: ИЯ РАН, 2008.
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Asotsiativniy eksperiment [Associative experiment]. (1978). Korotkiy Psykhologichnyi Slovnyk [Short Psychological Dictionary]. V. Voytko, Ed. Kyiv: Vyscha Shkola.
Butenko, N. (1979). Slovnik Asotsiativnykh Norm Ukrayinskoyi Movy [Associative Dictionary of the Ukrainian language]. Lviv: Vyscha Shkola.
Butenko, N. (1989). Slovnyk Asotsiativnykh Oznachen Imennykiv v Ukrayinskiy Movi [Dictionary of Associative Noun Attributes in the Ukrainian Language]. Lviv: Vischa shkola, 1989.
Martinek, S. Ukrayinskyi Asotsiativnyi Slovnyk [Ukrainian Associative Dictionary]: in 2 Volumes. 2nd edition. Lviv: Payis, 2008.
Slavyanskiy assotsiativnyiy slovar: russkiy, belorusskiy, bolgarskiy, ukrainskiy [Slavonic Associative Dictionary: Russian, Belorussian, Bulgarian and Ukrainian languages]. (2004). N. Ufimtseva, Ed. Moscow.
Slovar assotsiativnyih norm russkogo yazyika. Pryamoy [Associative guide of Russian language. Direct] (1973). A. Leontyev, Ed. Moscow.
Cherkasova, G. (2008). Russkiy Sopostavitelnyi Assotsiativnyi Slovar [Russian comparative associative dictionary]. Moscow: Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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Kádár, Imre. "A műtrágyázás hatása a kölesre (Panicum miliaceum L.) csernozjom talajon." Agrokémia és Talajtan 54, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2005): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.54.2005.1-2.6.
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Mészlepedékes vályog csernozjom talajon, egy műtrágyázási tartamkísérlet 24. évében, köles elővetemény után vizsgáltuk az eltérő N-, P- és K-ellátottsági szintek és kombinációik hatását a Debreceni tarka bab fejlődésére, gyomosodására, termésére, ásványi összetételére és elemfelvételére. Az 1973 őszén az MTA TAKI Nagyhörcsöki Kísérleti Telepén beállított műtrágyázási tartamkísérlet termőhelyi jellemzését, valamint az alkalmazott kezeléseket és a kísérlet elrendezését a folyóirat jelen számában (77-92. oldal) megjelenő közleményünk (Kádár, 2005) ismerteti. A főbb eredmények: - A N 100 kg/ha/év adagig, a P-ellátottság 175 mg/kg ammónium-laktát(AL)-oldható P 2 O 5 , ill. a K-ellátottság 200 mg/kg AL-oldható K 2 O értékig előnyösnek mutatkozott a hajtás fejlődésére. Az aratáskori szalmatermés a kontrollon mért 1,7 t/ha értékről 3,2-3,6 t/ha-ra emelkedett. A kifejezett légköri aszály nyomán 1,2 t/ha körüli magtermés képződött a kezelésektől függetlenül. - A N-trágyázás növelte a növényi szervek N-, Mn- és Cu-, valamint mérsékelte a Ca-, S-, P-, B-, Zn- és Sr-tartalmát. A P-kínálattal emelkedett a P- és Sr-, ill. gátolt volt a Zn-beépülés. A K-ellátottság javulásával kifejezetté vált a K/Mg antagonizmus, nőtt a K %-a a Mg-tartalom egyidejű csökkenésével. - A leveles szár akkumulálta a makro- és mikroelemek nagyobb részét, de a N, P és Zn elemek döntő hányada a szemtermésbe épült be. Irodalmi adatokat is figyelembe véve a hazai szaktanácsadás számára 60-20-30-30-10 = N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O-CaO-MgO kg javasolható minden tonna tervezett szemtermés és a hozzá tartozó melléktermés elemszükségletének számításakor. Mivel a N-igényt a bab döntően a levegőből fedezheti, a N-igény felére-harmadára mérsékelhető. A foszforral és káliummal kielégítően ellátott meszes talajokon forgóban a P-, K-, Ca- és Mg-trágyázás is feleslegessé válhat kombájn betakarításnál, amikor a melléktermés a talajon marad és ezen elemekben előálló veszteség jelentéktelen.
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Cournoyer, A., E. Notebaert, S. Cossette, L. Londei-Leduc, J. Chauny, R. Daoust, J. Morris, et al. "MP30: Impact des bicarbonates sur le devenir des patients souffrant dun arrêt cardiaque préhospitalier." CJEM 20, S1 (May 2018): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.184.
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Introduction: Les patients souffrant dun arrêt cardiaque extra hospitalier (ACEH) sont fréquemment traités à laide de soins avancés en réanimation cardiovasculaire (SARC). Dans ce contexte, des bicarbonates de sodium sont parfois administrés à des patients en arrêt cardiaque réfractaire chez qui une acidose métabolique importante, une hyperkaliémie ou une intoxication est suspectée. Puisquil ny a que peu dévidences quant à cet usage, lobjectif de la présente étude est dévaluer lassociation entre le traitement à laide de bicarbonate de sodium (une dose ou plus) et le devenir (retour de circulation spontané et survie au congé) chez les patients souffrant dun ACEH. Methods: La présente étude de cohorte a été réalisée à partir des bases de données de la Corporation dUrgences-santé dans la région de Montréal entre 2010 et 2015. Les patients adultes ayant souffert dun ACEH dorigine médicale traités en préhospitalier par des paramédics de soins avancés prodiguant des SARC ont été inclus. Les associations dintérêt ont été évaluées initialement à laide de régressions logistiques univariées, puis à laide de régressions logistiques multivariées ajustant pour les variables sociodémographiques et cliniques pertinentes. Results: Un total de 1973 patients (1349 hommes et 683 femmes) dun âge moyen de 66 ans (±17) ont été inclus dans cette étude, parmi lesquels 77 (3,8%) ont reçu une dose de bicarbonate, 763 (37,5%) ont retrouvés un pouls en préhospitalier et 222 (10,9%) ont survécu jusquà leur congé de lhôpital. Sans ajustement, il y avait une association négative entre le traitement à laide de bicarbonates et le retour de circulation spontané (rapport de cotes [RC]=0,46 [intervalle de confiance {IC} 95% 0,27-0,79], p=0,005) et la survie au congé (RC=0,21 [IC 95% 0,05-0,86], p=0,030). Cependant, ces associations nétaient plus significatives suite à lajustement pour les autres covariables (RC ajusté=0,63 [IC 95% 0,34-1,18], p=0,15 et RC ajusté=1,69 [95% IC 0,29-10,01], p=0,56). Conclusion: Il ny a pas dassociation indépendante entre le traitement à laide de bicarbonates et le devenir chez les patients souffrant dun ACEH. Dans ce contexte, il serait adéquat de réaliser un essai clinique afin de trancher définitivement sur cette question.
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Pahl, Joy M. "Cow comfort: a case study in sustainable entrepreneurship." CASE Journal 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-02-2017-0010.
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Synopsis The case is set in Northeast Wisconsin, where the two largest industries are dairy farming and papermaking. Dairy farms have a continual need for bedding material for cows, and Lynn Heemeyer recognized an opportunity for a new bedding material: a waste byproduct of recycled paper. The case includes the progression of Heemeyer’s venture – Alternative Animal Bedding (AAB) – from the idea phase, to initiation and growth, to near collapse, recovery, and renewed growth. By September 2015, AAB was at a turning point as the sales were increasing, and Jess, Lynn’s daughter, had joined the business. Jess’s challenge: how best to grow the business. Research methodology Information for the case was gathered via interviews with Jess Heemeyer; she also provided some supporting materials. Jess Heemeyer is a former student of the author and a graduate of the institution that employs the author. Additional information for the case was collected from publicly available sources, as referenced. The identification of the college was not included in the case. Relevant courses and levels The case is best suited for use in an undergraduate or graduate entrepreneurship course or courses that include entrepreneurship as a topic. The case fits well with the topics of alertness and opportunity identification, and the innovation process. It can also be used to illustrate critical factors for new-venture development and growth. In addition, the benefits and challenges related to family-based entrepreneurial ventures can be included as a learning objective. Theoretical bases This case draws upon and illustrates the concept of alertness (Kirzner, 1973) which was further developed by Tang et al. (2012) when they identified three dimensions of alertness: “scanning and searching for information, connecting previously disparate information, and making evaluations on the existence of profitable business opportunities” (p. 77). Also, the case follows the creativity-based model of opportunity recognition developed by Corbett (2005) that uses experiential learning theory. Finally, students are asked to apply Ansoff’s Growth Matrix (Ansoff, 1957) to identify and evaluate the growth options available to the business owners and managers. As an optional pasture for discussion, a stewardship theory perspective can be applied to examine the family business aspect of this case (see Eddleston and Kellermanns, 2007).
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McGuire, C. S., K. L. Cobb, and P. G. Fisher. "Both age and location predict survival in childhood ependymoma: A SEER study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 9545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9545.
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9545 Background: Supratentorial (SUP) ependymoma in childhood has been reported in studies with limited samples to carry improved overall survival (OS) compared to infratentorial (INF) tumors, with spinal (SPI) ependymoma having the best outcome. Moreover, radiation therapy (XRT) for INF tumors has been considered standard of care, though there have been case reports of children treated successfully without XRT. Thus, we aimed to examine how age, gender, location, XRT and race influence OS in childhood ependymoma by rigorous analysis of a large registry. Methods: We queried the Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) registry from 1973 to 2003, strictly defining ependymomas by histology (ICD-O-3: 9391–9394). ICD-0–2 site codes, when available, were used to distinguish SUP, INF, and SPI tumors. OS was compared by age, gender, race, location, and XRT, using Kaplan-Meier analysis with logrank tests in SPSS 12.0 (Chicago, IL). Cox regression incorporated all significant covariates from univariate analysis. A similar analysis was conducted to determine whether findings differed in adults. Results: 635 children <18 years at diagnosis were identified (265 females; 510 whites, 77 blacks; 106 SUP, 193 INF, 55 SPI) with 5-year OS 57.1% ± standard error 2.3%. With univariate analysis, OS did not differ by gender or race. For location, 5-year OS did not differ between SUP 59.5% ± 5.4% and INF 57.1% ± 4.1%, but was significantly better for SPI 86.7% ± 5.2%. With multivariate analysis, location and age remained significant predictors for OS, with younger children having worse outcome. A similar multivariate analysis in 1388 adults again showed age and location to be significant. Adults fared better than children (logrank p <0.0001). XRT of INF tumors was associated with significantly improved OS in children (logrank p <0.018), but did not lead to an OS difference among adults. Conclusions: Age and location directly influence OS in childhood ependymoma. SPI tumors are associated with a significantly better prognosis than other ependymomas. This study could not show a difference in OS between SUP and INF tumors, proposed recently to have different stem cell origins. SPI tumors may represent a distinct biological entity. Curiously, XRT is associated with improved OS in pediatric, but not adult, INF ependymomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Innes, L., L. Marchand, P. Frey, M. Bourassa, and R. C. Hamelin. "First Report of Melampsora larici-populina on Populus spp. in Eastern North America." Plant Disease 88, no. 1 (January 2004): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.1.85b.
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In September 2002, yellow spots were observed on the leaf surface of a hybrid poplar (Populus maximowiczii Henry × P. balsamifera L.) grown at the Berthier forest nursery (46°2′N, 73°11′W) in the St. Lawrence Valley (Lanaudière Region, Québec, Canada). Disease severity was low, but the pathogen was present on a hybrid that was previously thought to be resistant to Melampsora medusae Thuem, the only reported poplar rust in eastern North America. Uredinia typical of a Melampsora sp. were observed on the abaxial leaf surface. The observed urediniospores were longer (32 to 48 μm) than the expected range for M. medusae (23 to 35 μm) and possessed an apical bald spot; thick paraphyses were also observed. These characteristics are diagnostic of M. larici-populina Kleb (2). Samples were deposited in the National Mycological Herbarium of Canada (DAOM 232107 and 232108) and in the Quebec Forest Biology Herbarium (QFB14703 and 14704). DNA was extracted from uredinia, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene was amplified and sequenced (GenBank Accession Nos. AY429656 and AY429657). There was a 100% match between the two sequences obtained and that of M. larici-populina (GenBank Accession No. AY375267), but there was approximately 12% divergence with the ITS sequence of M. medusae (GenBank Accession No. AY375273-5). This is the first report of M. larici-populina in eastern North America. This fungus was reported on P. trichocarpa × P. deltoides hybrids in the western United States in the early 1990s (1). It appears that M. larici-populina can overwinter in Québec because it was observed again at the nursery in September 2003. The occurrence of M. larici-populina in eastern North America has direct implications for the poplar industry since the host specificities of M. medusae and M. larici-populina differ; P. balsamifera and P. maximowiczii are sensitive to M. larici-populina (3). Hybrids with P. balsamifera or P. trichocarpa components may be particularly at risk. References: (1) G. Newcombe and G. A. Chastagner. Plant Dis. 77:532, 1993. (2) J. Pinon. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 3:221, 1973. (3) J. Pinon. Silvae Genet. 41:25, 1992.
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Federmann, Birgit, Christoph Faul, Wichard Vogel, Lothar Kanz, and Wolfgang Andreas Bethge. "Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in AML: Comparable Results After Matched or Mismatched Unrelated Versus Matched Related Transplantation." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1199.1199.
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Abstract Abstract 1199 Poster Board I-221 Currently, most treatment algorithms reserve the use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) to patients with a matched related donor (MRD) and intermediate/high-risk disease. However, the role of HCT from a matched or mismatched unrelated donor (MUD/MMUD) in patients with AML remains to be defined. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 219 consecutive adult patients (98 female, 121 male) with AML who received HCT from 2000-2009 at our institution. The patients were transplanted after either myeloablative (MAC, n=139) or dose-reduced-conditioning regimens (RIC, n=80). Median age of patients was 50 years (range, 18-76). 77 patients were transplanted from MRD, 80 patients from MUD and 62 patients from MMUD (one antigen mismatch (MM)=31; two antigen MM=2; one allel MM=24; two allel MM=3, one antigen/one allel MM= 2). In all but six patients receiving MMUD grafts, ATG was included in the conditioning. Age, risk profile and pretreatment were evenly distributed among the three cohorts of patients. At time of HCT 22 (MRD), 18 (MUD) and 28 (MMUD) patients were not in CR. Current overall survival is 40 of 77 (52%) in patients transplanted from MRD, 48 of 80 (60%) from MUD and 34 of 62 (55%) from MMUD with a median follow-up of 1309 (range, 98-3173), 796 (range, 87-3075) and 648 (range, 111-1973) days of alive patients, respectively. Kaplan-Meier-estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) was similar with 54% after MRD-, 56% after MUD- and 46% after MMUD-HCT (p=0.4554). In patients transplanted in CR, 3-year estimated OS was also comparable (64% MRD vs. 58% MUD vs. 55% MMUD, p=0.6614). However, in patients transplanted in partial remission (PR) we observed a trend for a better survival in patients receiving a MUD graft (30% MRD vs. 46% MUD vs. 39% MMUD, p=0.1707). In the patients receiving MAC we observed a better OS compared to RIC with an estimated 3-year OS of 58% vs. 38% (p=0.1047) mainly due to a lower incidence of relapse. In the subgroup of patients receiving MRD-HCT this survival benefit was significant (61% vs. 21%, p= 0.0327) while there was only a trend for MUD- or MMUD-HCT (60% vs 45%, p=0.5702 and 49% vs. 43%, p= 0.7566, respectively). There was no significant difference in the incidence of acute GvHD >II with 25% (MRD), 35% (MUD) and 34% (MMUD) or chronic GvHD with 43% (MRD), 46% (MUD) and 34% (MMUD), respectively. A significant better survival of patients with limited cGvHD vs. extensive or without cGvHD (estimated 3-year OS 73% vs. 34% vs. 47%, p=0.0001) was observed. This advantage was present in all subgroups with a significant better survival in the group with MRD (86% vs. 38% p= 0.0034), a trend in MUD (67% vs. 55% p= 0.0564) and MMUD (59% vs. 55%, p= 0.3111). No significant influence on survival or GVHD of the degree and loci of HLA-mismatch could be detected. In conclusion in our cohort of patients, HCT from MUD or MMUD in AML resulted in a similar outcome compared to MRD. In patients with PR at time of HCT, the use of MUD and occurrence of limited cGVHD may lead to improved survival due to an enhanced graft-versus-leukemia-effect. Disclosures: Off Label Use: some chemotherapeutical agents in the conditioning are off-label-use.
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Barlow, R., H. Hearnshaw, P. F. Arthur, and R. E. Darnell. "Evaluation of Hereford and first-cross cows on three pasture systems. I. Calf growth and reproductive performance of young cows." Journal of Agricultural Science 122, no. 1 (February 1994): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600065862.
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SUMMARYHereford (H × H), Brahman × Hereford (B × H), Simmental × Hereford (S × H) and Friesian × Hereford (F × H) females born over a 5-year period (1973–77) were placed on pastures of high, medium or low nutritive value at Grafton, New South Wales, Australia, at weaning (7–8 months of age). The first mating of heifers on high pasture was at 15 months (1974) while that on medium and low pastures was delayed until 27 months of age (1975). This paper reports the reproductive performance of these cows up to 5 years of age and the preweaning growth of their calves which were sired by Hereford bulls at Grafton, Australia. In total, 1222 calving records were analysed.Most traits were subject to interaction between genotype and other main effects (pasture, year of birth of cow, cow age and sex of calf). Eyelid pigmentation was an exception, with calves from B × H cows having more than calves of other genotypes (73 v. 43%). There were significant genotype differences in calving difficulty among 2-year-old heifers only, with H × H (33%) requiring more assistance than F × H (15%) and SxH (10%) heifers, while B × H heifers did not require any assistance. Genotype differences in percentage of calves born and weaned were observed on low pastures only, where B × H (66% born, 65% weaned) exceeded H × H (48%, 39%) and S × H (39%, 38%) cows, with F × H (58%, 50%) cows being intermediate. Calves by H × H cows were the slowest-growing and were the lightest at weaning on all pastures, with mean gains of 759, 604 and 340 g/day, and mean weaning weights of 212, 188 and 110 kg, on high, medium and low quality pastures, respectively. F × H and S × H cows produced the fastest-growing calves on high quality pasture (966 and 936 g/day, respectively) while B × H cows produced the fastest-growing calves on medium (823 g/day) and low (679 g/day) quality pastures. F × H cows weaned the heaviest calves on high quality pasture (274 kg) while F × H and B × H weaned the heaviest calves on medium (230 and 229 kg, respectively) and low (162 and 169 kg, respectively) quality pastures. Differences in body measurements followed a pattern similar to weaning weight.
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Miao, Yi, Lei Fan, Wei Xu, and Jianyong Li. "Laterality and Survival Outcomes in Patients with Primary Testicular Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129952.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) arising from the testis have a relatively poor outcome. Age, stage and use of radiation and surgery are important prognostic factors in patients with primary testicular DLBCL. Additionally, the study by Gundrum et al suggested that laterality was also an important predictor of outcomes in patients with primary testicular DLBCL, with left side involvement being associated poorer prognosis. However, most patients included in the study by Gundrum et al were diagnosed in the pre-rituximab era, therefore, the role of laterality in the prognostification of patients with primary testicular DLBCL remains to be explored. In this study, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to evaluate the prognostic roles of laterality in patients with primary testicular DLBCL. Methods: Data from the SEER 18 Registries were used to conduct this study. Cases with newly-diagnosed testicular (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition [ICDO-3] codes 9823, sites: C62.0-C63.2) in the time period between 1973 and 2015 were included. Exclusion criteria included history of cancer, unknown laterality, unknown survival data and unknown cause of death. For each case we included age at the time of diagnosis, laterality (left, right, bilateral), SEER cause-specific death classification, survival months and vital status. Overall survival (OS) was defined as time from diagnosis to death or last follow-up and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was calculated as time from diagnosis to death from DLBCL or last follow-up. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was used for comparison. P value was 2-sided and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All analyses were conducted using Graphpad Prism 6. Results: A total of 1213 patients were included in this analysis. The median follow-up was 43 months (interquartile range[IQR]: 13-90 months). Of these patients, 372 patients were diagnosed from 1973-2000 (pre-rituximab era) and 841 patients were diagnosed from 2001-2015 (rituximab era). We found that patients with bilateral testis involvement had a significantly decreased CSS (median CSS: 53 vs. 142 months, P=0.0035) and OS (median OS: 32 vs. 77 months, P=0.0008) compared with those with unilateral involvement. Patients with left-side involvement had a similar CSS (median CSS: 136 vs. 153 months, P=0.2997) and OS (median OS: 76 vs. 80 months, P=0.7360) compared to those with right-side involvement. For patients with left-side involvement, patients diagnosed in the rituximab era had a significantly longer CSS(hazards ratio[HR]: 0.4140, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 0.3065 to 0.5593, P<0.0001) (Figure 1A)and OS (HR: 0.5522, 95% CI: 0.3926 to 0.6340, P<0.0001 ) (Figure 1B) than those diagnosed in the pre-rituximab era. For patients with right-side involvement, patients diagnosed in the rituximab era had a significantly longer CSS (HR: 0.7146, 95% CI: 0.5218 to 0.9029, P=0.0057) (Figure 1A)and OS (HR: 0.7116, 95% CI: 0.5407 to 0.8311, P=0.0011) (Figure 1B)than those diagnosed in the pre-rituximab era. The different HRs suggested patients with left-side primary testicular DLBCL benefited more from the introduction of rituximab. Additionally, the improvement in median OS from the pre-rituximab era to the rituximab era was 68 months for patients with left-side involvement but only 35 months for patients with right-side involvement. Conclusion: our study demonstrated that laterality was not a prognostic factor for patients with primary testicular DLBCL. And the improvement in the prognosis from pre-rituximab era to rituximab era was more remarkable in primary testicular DLBCL patients with left-side involvement than those with right-side involvement. These data suggest primary testicular DLBCL from different sides had different responses to therapy and may have different biological characteristics. Figure 1 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.