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Hogue, Jeffrey B. "The strugle for modernity in African 1950-1965." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527324.
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Roger-Hacyan, Dalita. "La marginalité dans le roman anglais d'après-guerre (1950-1965)." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030021.
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Les années 50 et 60 voient le retour de la prospérité en Angleterre. La modernité gagne jusqu'aux villes de province, où elle côtoie les vestiges du passé. Mais le traumatisme de la Crise et de la guerre est partout présent, ainsi que la terreur nucléaire. De nombreux garçons des classes modestes qui ont pu faire des études supérieures grâce à des bourses se trouvent piégés entre deux mondes. La fiction d'après-guerre s'intéresse à l'état de la société (Etat-Providence, plein emploi, permissivité, etc. ) d'où sa réputation de réalisme, et aussi aux comportements anti-conventionnels, avec une impressionnante gamme de rebelles, déclassés, jeunes hédonistes, homosexuels, philistins, voyous, délinquants, pervers, psychotiques et névrosés, dont l'interaction avec la société mérite l'attention. L'écriture est le plus souvent classique, mais quelques textes relèvent du roman expérimental. Tous, cependant, restent fidèles à la grande tradition littéraire anglaiseIn the 1950s and 60s prosperity gradually came back in England. Contrasting with the remains of the past, modernity reached even provincial towns. But the trauma of the 30s and of the war was still felt and the bomb was an obsession. Numerous working-class or middle-class boys who could go to university thanks to scholarships remained trapped between two worlds. Postwar fiction focuses both on the state of society (welfare, full employment, permissiveness etc. ) hence its reputation for realism, and on unconventional behaviour, with an arresting range of rebels, déclassés, young hedonists, homosexuals, philistines, hooligans, delinquents, sex perverts, neurotic or psychotic individuals, whose interaction with society at large is worth examining. While most novels are classical in form, a few are remarkable examples of experimental literature. However, all remain faithful to the great English literary tradition
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Herbertson, Ian Richard. "Working-class writing and Americanisation debates in Britain and Australia: 1950-1965." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Arts, 2006. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003190/.
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[From Introduction]: ‘Work’ is not a topic that much concerns contemporary novelists or fires the creative imagination. Today, writing about work is primarily done by investigative reporters like Elizabeth Wynhausen, whose Dirt Cheap: Life at the Wrong End of the Job Market (2005) is a striking – if rare – under-cover exposé of what ‘economic reform’ really means for menial Australian workers. There is certainly no literary equivalent now of the British and Australian novels, appearing in the 1950s and 1960s, preoccupied with the relationship between changing patterns of work and working-class experience: the lived transformations of traditional class and family ties; the impact of new consuming habits and popular cultural pursuits; the political situation of ordinary working people, and shifts in their attitudes and values. These British and Australian novels generally assumed that reorganisations of the working coal face or factory floor extended into the private sphere, informing or producing the stressful personal dramas played out in communities and at the kitchen sink.This thesis argues that these novels were elements of a broader dialogue in the 50s and 60s: one in which work and working-class life were significant subjects, articulated in a range of complementary discourses that were interlocutory – economic and political analysis, sociology, nascent cultural theory, popular newspaper commentary and literature. Consequently, a main objective of this thesis is to reveal how these representational forms or disciplines converged in the period 1950–1965: to examine their common themes and interests, and their collectiveresponses to questions concerning working-class life. The thesis argues that all these forms or disciplines shared the view that the condition of the working classes, in both Britain and Australia, crucially mattered to the overall social architecture of the time. It also argues that they all regarded the presence of America, the era’s pre-eminent global force, as central to such questions; and that America was complexly understood as an idealised political concept, a power-house of popular cultural production, and a very real engine of socio-economic change.
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Hedlund, Cecilia. ""Månntro hon är homo?" : Om lesbiska kvinnors identitetsformering och livsvillkor 1950-1965." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för historia och samtidsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24358.
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The construction of an identity among lesbian women during 1950-‐1965 is in focus in this master ́s thesis. My starting point is that identity, such as lesbian or any other identity, is formed in relation to other people and groups, as well as society. This thesis will also examine how lesbian women met and formed bonds with like-minded, and whether these aspects changed, during the defined time period. The empirics is made up by letters written by women to Riksförbundet för sexuellt likaberättigande (a Swedish organisation for lesbian and gays) as well as an interview with two lesbian women who were born in 1938 and 1940. The theoretical approach is queer theory and phenomenology. In summary: I have found that women in this study to a great extent formed their identity in relation to prevailing scientific ideas that claimed to explicate homosexuality. Disappointments in marriage and personal failures were stressed by the women writers in order to explain their lesbian desires. Some of them also put equal weight on the relationship between a high sexual drive/nymphomania and homosexuality. Among many lesbians outside Stockholm in the 1950’s personal ads played a major role in order for them to meet with like-minded women. The women in this study travelled long distances with the aim to visit pen friends in other parts of Sweden. Through those penfriends they were also introduced to other lesbian women, showing how lesbian networks emerged and grew.
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Sánchez, Barba Francesc 1957. "Una proyección cultural del franquismo: el auge del cine negro español (1950-1965)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/432783.
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Esta investigación se centra en la Dictadura franquista durante el periodo 1950-1965 y en el análisis de materiales de la cultura popular: los filmes producidos en España en los que aparecen determinadas representaciones dialécticas entre lo delictivo y los aparatos de control policial.
Se profundiza asimismo en el marco legal característico de un Estado totalitario y en las instituciones encargadas tanto del Orden Público como del control ideológico y cultural accediendo a la tipología de los delitos y a las cifras de la población reclusa.
Más allá de otras propuestas oficiales, el cine de ficción criminal español, contribuyó desde 1950 a ampliar una industria poco consolidada y tomó registros de la realidad social que serán anotados a través de diversos índices y descriptores. El tratamiento de la imagen como fuente histórica seguirá la metodología propuesta por autores como Marc Ferro, Pierre Sorlin o José María Caparrós.
Se estudian más de 200 filmes desde diferentes perspectivas: en primer lugar se analizan las vicisitudes de productoras, directores y equipos artísticos y técnicos y, en segundo lugar, se registra la presencia de las fuerzas de seguridad del Estado, del mundo de la delin- cuencia y de, principalmente, la sociedad urbana en la pantalla.
El estudio comparativo de estos filmes con producciones como la norteamericana o la francesa permitirá diagnosticar si existió un cine negro crítico o simplemente una exaltación de las actuaciones policiales alertando de la persecución ante la comisión de los delitos y proyectando determinados valores del régimen franquista en los guiones fomentados por determinadas instancias y por incentivos y premios oficiales. Todo ello sin negar la importancia del factor de espectáculo y entretenimiento de los cines en el período estudiado.
De manera complementaria a través de las imágenes rodadas en exteriores, se analizarán algunos espacios urbanos en los que se podrán detectar fenómenos sociales del período como los flujos migratorios, la marginalidad y también determinados patrones y valores imperantes que serán contrastados con fuentes bibliográficas y orales.
Finalmente se repasarán las cifras de la producción, la respuesta de la crítica y del público y se establecerán tipologías en base a temáticas y propuestas genéricas presentes en la realidad social española que cambiará poco a poco a partir de la década de los 60.This research focuses on Franco’s dictatorship during the 1950-1965 period. It thoroughly reviews the legal procedures typical of a totalitarian state, not only highlighting the institutions in charge of public order, but also those in charge of ideological and cultural control. Apart from fulfilling official tasks of propaganda, Spanish fiction crime films contributed to the development of a barely-consolidated industry. These films depict a social reality, which is here recorded and analysed in terms of various categories and concepts. For the treatment of images as a source of historical data, this research follows the methodology proposed by authors such as Marc Ferro, Pierre Sorlin or José María Caparrós. More than 200 films are studied from different perspectives. First, there is an overview of the various vicissitudes of production companies and directors, as well as those of artistic crews and technicians. Second, there is a study of the presence the State and its security forces, the world of crime and, most important, the urban society as displayed on the screen. Finally, there is an assessment of production figures, and a proposal of classification types both for general script topics and generic proposals within the reality of Spanish society. A society which will change little by little after the 1960s.
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Filho, Carlos Roberto Torres. "Sociedade Brasileira de Direito Aeronáutico (SBDA): a formulação da política aeronáutica brasileira (1950-1965)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3782.
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This dissertation by taking as subject of research the Brazilian Society of Aviation Law (SBDA), with the chronological cut the years between 1950 and 1965, aims to bring historical analysis to another element in helping to understand the process of state building in Brazil core of a development project involving national capitalist shades infrastructure, industrialization, science and technology, including the modernization of the armed forces, where the reorganization of responsibilities of public and private spheres transfixed by the expansion of both the activities and regulatory and state agencies led to the institutionalization of a broad economic sectors by the Government, in the case of this study aeronautical industry. The SBDA worked as an articulator of interests between the Political Society (Ministry of Aviation) and Civil Society (companies and trade unions) acting this way in a portable state role that falls within the Gramscian concept of ?Extended State?. The formulation of a legal field in Brazil, through the analytical perspective of Pierre Bourdieu of intellectual field, is part of the path of struggle for autonomy of SBDA to Aviation Law, acting as organizer of the demands from this group.Esta dissertação, ao tomar como objeto de pesquisa a Sociedade Brasileira de Direito Aeronáutico (SBDA), tendo por recorte cronológico os anos entre 1950 e 1965, pretende trazer para a análise histórica mais um elemento no auxílio à compreensão do processo de formação do Estado brasileiro no cerne de um projeto de desenvolvimento capitalista de matizes nacionalistas envolvendo infraestrutura, industrialização, ciência e tecnologia, inclusive a modernização das Forças Armadas, no qual a reorganização das incumbências das esferas pública e privada transpassada pela expansão tanto das atividades de regulamentação quanto dos órgãos e agências estatais conduziu a uma ampla institucionalização dos setores econômicos por parte do governo, no caso específico deste estudo o ramo Aeronáutico. A SBDA funcionou como articuladora de interesses entre a sociedade política (Ministério da Aeronáutica) e a sociedade civil (empresas e sindicatos), exercendo desta maneira no parelho estatal um papel que a insere na aplicação do conceito de Estado gramsciano. A formulação de um campo jurídico no Brasil, mediante a perspectiva de análise de Pierre Bourdieu relativa ao campo intelectual, integra a trajetória de luta da SBDA pela autonomia do Direito Aeronáutico, agindo como organizadora das demandas provenientes deste setor específico de atividades.
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Dolinger, Amy D. "Playboys, single girls, and sexual rebels sexual politics 1950-1965 : a trilogy of significant developments /." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0330101-123809/unrestricted/dolingera3.pdf.
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Dolinger, Amy Denise. "Playboys, Single Girls, and Sexual Rebels: Sexual Politics 1950-1965: A Trilogy of Significant Developments." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/128.
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In the years between 1950 and 1965, three significant developments in American culture left women struggling to merge the housewife archetype of the Cold War era with changing attitudes toward sexuality. Because of these cultural shifts, the developments that dominate the research presented here are; first, the changing elements in the lives of the women who pass through the halls of academia during this time of societal flux; second, the impact of the development of the birth control pill; and third, the impact of the publications of Playboy magazine and Sex and the Single Girl. These developments mark a shift from an age of idealism that permeated the consciousness of postwar Americans to an age of realism concerning American sexuality.
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MATOS, Juscelina Bárbara Anjos. "COSTURANDO MODA: Uma análise das práticas vestimentares femininas em Vitória da Conquista Ba (1950 1965)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2813.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-04As Durand (1988), the fashion is capricious matter, which invites us to speak of many things. Speaking in fashion is not only remember of the fashion designers and parades importants is mainly know how they dress ordinary people, as they do for follow the latest fashion and adapt it to their daily lives. It's talk, as objective is of this study, as was the behavior of fashion of the women in Vitória da Conquista-BA between the years 1950 and 1965; of how fashion is related to the lives of these women who live far from large cities, in a period of limited resources and access to information in more limited of fashion. We talking about, too, as the women's from there of different social classes were wearing at this time. Not just talking about the lady of society, but talking about how the worker, the seller of the little store the corner, a housewife, a seamstress is related to fashion. We still talk as the vestiment practices are closely related to the role that women was doing in the season. We show which were the main influencers of fashion in the city, as magazines, parades, competitions of beauty and social events. We seek to retract who were the main seamstresses local, shopping areas and how the binomial production/consumption constitute itself in marks symbolic of distinction. The approach adapted in this investigation have how sustentation the methodology of historical research where we are privilege the analysis of photographic images, anchored in oral history and analysis of other secondary documents as newspapers and magazines of time. Of crossing of the photographic document whit other fonts complementary is that we can rebuild the social practices and vestiment practices of them.
Como afirma Durand (1988), a moda é assunto caprichoso, que nos convida a falar de muitas coisas. Falar em moda não é só lembrar dos grandes estilistas e desfiles importantes é sobretudo saber como se vestem as pessoas comuns, como o fazem para seguir a última moda e adaptá-la às suas vidas cotidianas. Trata-se de falar, como é objetivo do presente estudo, como era o comportamento de moda das mulheres em Vitória da Conquista - BA, entre os anos 1950 e 1965, de como a moda está relacionada com a vida de mulheres que viviam longe das grandes centros urbanos, numa realidade interiorana, em um período de poucos recursos e de acesso limitado à informação de moda. É lembrar, também, como as mulheres de diferentes classes sociais se vestiam no momento. Não apenas falar sobre a dama da sociedade, mas sim falar de como a trabalhadora, a vendedora da pequena loja da esquina, a dona de casa, a costureira se relacionavam com a moda. Para tanto, buscamos mostrar nesta pesquisa como as práticas vestimentares estão intimamente relacionadas com o papel que a mulher desempenhava na sociedade da época. Mostramos quais foram os principais influenciadores da moda na cidade, como revistas, desfiles, concursos de beleza e eventos sociais. Procuramos retratar quem foram as principais costureiras locais, as áreas comerciais e como o binômio produção/consumo constituem-se em marcas simbólicas de distinção. A abordagem adotada na presente investigação teve como sustentação metodológica a pesquisa histórica, em que privilegiamos a análise de imagens fotográficas, ancorada na história oral, e análise de outros documentos secundários como jornais e revistas da época. Do cruzamento do documento fotográfico com outras fontes complementares é que podemos reconstruir as práticas sociais e práticas vestimentares das conquistenses.
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Zhang, Muchun. "The Sino-Indian Border War and the foreign policies of China and India (1950-1965)." Thesis, Bangor University, 2018. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-sinoindian-border-war-and-the-foreign-policies-of-china-and-india-19501965(32bc5179-c994-4885-a0c0-fe9e981cdf09).html.
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There has been growing interest in the historical analysis of the Sino-Indian relations and the Sino-Indian border issue, yet little research has focus on the impact of two Government’s foreign policies on the Sino-Indian border issue. This study examines the Sino-Indian relations, particularly the Sino-Indian border issue, Tibetan issues and China and India’s foreign policies in the middle 20th century. This research will examine the origin and development of the Sino-Indian border issue and connections between and national diplomatic policies and the border disputes in China and India. More specifically, this research aims to illustrate the origins of the Sino-Indian border dispute, the role Tibet played in the Sino-Indian border issue, the impacts of their foreign policies on the Sino-Indian border issue from the 1950s to the 1960s, the measures both states took to ease boundary intension and conflicts, why the 1962 Border War happened, and what changes to foreign policies two governments made before and after the 1962 Border War. This study involves the collection and analysis of historical archival materials and official documents from both China and India.
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Nordström, Katarina. "Den moderna civilisationens plågoris : Den medicinska diskussionen om diffusa mag- och tarmbesvär i Sverige 1950-1965." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201067.
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Chupik-Hall, Jessa. ""Good families do not just happen", indigenous people and child welfare services in Canada, 1950--1965." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57981.pdf.
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Lowry, Daniel William. "The life and times of Ethel Tawse Jollie : a case study of the transference and adaptation of British social and political ideas of the Edwardian era to a colonial society." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001854.
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This is an appraisal of the career of Ethel Tawse Jollie (1876-1950), the first woman parliamentarian in Southern Rhodesia, and the British Empire overseas, prolific writer and leading intellectual of her political generation who played a key role in the achievement of responsible government in Southern Rhodesia in 1923. As the founder and principal organiser of the Responsible Government Association she imported from Britain a singular political philosophy which made a lasting impression on Rhodesia's political character and social identity. She was an influential figure in British imperialist circles and in the women's suffrage controversy. No other Rhodesian politician had achieved such prominence in the metropole, or possessed such a thoroughly formed, comprehensive ideology, and the propaganda skills necessary to give it effect. The study traces the formation of her ideas within the intellectual milieu of pre-1914 Britain and - through her - its subsequent adaptation in Rhodesia; how, through her marriage to Archibald Colquhoun - explorer, writer and Cecil Rhodes's first Administrator of Mashonaland - she became steeped in the ideology of the Edwardian Radical Right - that reaction to imperial decline denoted by the slogan 'National Efficiency'. By 1915. when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that by 1915, when she arrived in Rhodesia, she had come to believe that the salvation of the Empire lay in its 'patriotic' periphery where it was possible to create new societies on Radical Right principles. Both in and out of parliament she gave to Rhodesian public policy and identity a distinct Radical Right hue, which she further enhanced by her involvement in various extra parliamentary pressure groups. It is a life and times study and considerable use is made of contemporary ballads and novels in the belief that immersion in the atmosphere of the period is particularly useful in an intellectual biography of this kind. Comparisons are also made with other British peripheries notably Ulster, Canada and New Zealand. The study challenges the traditional view of Rhodesia as a neo-Victorian intellectual backwater; seeing it rather as a society which continued to import selectively ideas from elsewhere in the Empire. It should interest Commonwealth and - because of its central character - women's historians.
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Papillault, Rémy. "Chandigarh, l'œuvre ouverte et le temps : anatomie d'un projet de ville de Le Corbusier en Inde, 1950-1965." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0016.
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Suite à l'indépendance de l'Inde en 1947, le premier ministre Nehru lance un vaste plan de modernisation du territoire où il prévoit la réalisation de nombreuses villes nouvelles. Pour le nouvel état du Punjab, l'ambition est la construction d'une capitale qui sera le symbole de cette politique. Le projet urbain de Le Corbusier pour Chandigarh s'appuie sur un premier plan dressé par les architectes Albert Mayer et Matthew Nowicki et s'inscrit à l'échelle internationale dans un débat sur la production d'une l'architecture puisant dans ; le « Nouveau Régionalisme ». Pour ce qui est de la réalisation du plan à l'échelle de la ville, nous faisons l'hypothèse que les architectes Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Maxwell Fry et Jane Drew, avec l'aide des ingénieurs indiens, ont mis en place une série d'outils urbains qui ont permis une réalisation dans la durée. Un des objets de cette thèse est de relever les catégories temporelles utilisées par les architectes pour cette ville nouvelle. Comment les architectes qui ont eu à concevoir cette ville nouvelle se positionnaient par rapport au temps? Quels sont les apports externes à cette pensée sur la ville, notamment de la part d'Albert Mayer, de Maxwell Fry et de Jane Drew? Dans quelle mesure les projets de bâtiments, réalisés ou non, de Le Corbusier sont les fragments d'une pensée pour la ville? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons principalement travaillé sur les lettres, les carnets de croquis de l'architecte conservés à la, Fondation Le Corbusier, ainsi que sur ses plans récemment publiés sous forme numérique en DVD. Une grande partie de l'analyse a aussi été produite directement sur place, au pied des bâtimentsAfter the independency of India in 1947, the Prime Minister Nehru promoted a wide planning to modernize the territory, where he anticipated about fifty new towns. For the new state of Punjab, the ambition was to build a capital, as a symbol of this policy. The Le Corbusier's urban project for Chandigarh is based on a previous planning designed by the architects Albert Mayer and Matthew Nowicki; it belongs to the international discussion about the architectural production inspired by the « New Regionalism ». For the realization of the plan at the scale of the city we assume that Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, helped by Indian engineers, will set a range of tools to allow the formerly realisation. One of the topics of this thesis is to understand the temporal categories used by the architects for the creation of the new town. We will try to estimate how Chandigarh has been decided since the origin as an open project. How is the position of the architects in charge of its design in relationship with the time's issues? What sort 0 external contributions are part of this way of thinking the city, particularly from Albert Mayer, Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew? How the Le Corbusier buildings projects, realized or not, are the fragments of thinking the city? ln order to answer to such questions, we will work essentially on the architect's letters, sketches notebooks conserved in The Le Corbusier Foundation and on its numeric DVD recently published plans. A great part of the analysis has been produced right on the sit at the bottom of the buildings
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Ortiz, Valoy Juan Pablo. "El desarrollo de la arquitectura moderna o la arquitectura moderna para el desarrollo : el Caribe hispano antillano 1950-1965." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385117.
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The development of modern architecture or the modern architecture for development the hispanic Caribbean antillas 1950-1965.
Once assumed the validity of the principies of modern architecture and the revaluation of its production in Latin America, this work is presented as a study of its occurrence in the Hispanic Caribbean Antillas.
lt proposes a comprehensive and simultaneous vision that links three islands of the Caribbean with international modernity and with the most authentic local one, in a period and sources of greater development. Addresses the process of its occurrence in Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, three countries of their main islands, linked not only for its geographical position, but also by an historical and cultural ties that span for its architecture.
lt is based on the recognition of the fact of the quality of the projects accomplised under the criteria of modem architecture in the mid-twentieth century. The coincidence of their realization with the pursuit of an ideal state of development of the young nations links them to important historical events and attributes its dissemination to governmental impulse through a modern social project of social concem that lead to group them under the name of "Architecture for Development "
The motivation of the research focuses on the study of cases that are related to the achievement of the progressive goal, under the discourse of development plans, public and social works and the modern criteria that define them.
The perennial quest for social development and the consideration of the validity of the use of modern principies determine the relevance of its deepening.
The work is structured in three main blocks that refer to the title of the thesis; first ''The development of modern architecture" that will address the introduction of modernity, the incidences of assimilation and development a second block notes and links work plans and programs with the momentum of modernity; and a third block "Modern architecture for development' that explores aspects of the project that led to the modern Caribbean architecture linked to reform plans as a particular geographical conditions.Asumida la vigencia de los postulados de la modernidad arquitectónica y la revalorización de su producción en Latinoamérica,este trabajo se plantea como un estudio de su acontecer en el Caribe hispano antillano. Plantea una visión abarcadora y simultanea que relaciona tres islas del Caribe con la modernidad internacional y con la local más auténtica ,en el periodo y en los focos de mayor desarrollo .Aborda el proceso de su acontecer en Cuba, República Dominicana y Puerto Rico, tres paises de sus islas mayores relacionados no sólo por su posición geográfica, sino además por unos vínculos históricos y culturales que abarcan por tanto su arquitectura. Parte del hecho de reconocer la calidad de los proyectos realizados bajo los criterios de la arquitectura moderna a mediados del siglo XX. La coincidencia de su ejecución con la búsqueda de un estado ideal de desarrollo de las jóvenes naciones los vincula a importantes acontecimientos históricos y atribuye su difusión al impulso estatal a través de un proyecto moderno de carácter social que conducen a agruparlos bajo la denominación de "Arquitectura para el Desarrollo". La motivación de la investigación se centra en el estudio de los casos que se relacionan con la consecución del objetivo progresista. Bajo el discurso de los planes de desarrollo, obras públicas o sociales y de los criterios modernos que los definen.La perenne búsqueda de desarrollo social y la consideración de la vigencia del empleo de los postulados modernos determinan la pertinencia de su profundización. El trabajo se estructura en tres principales bloques que remiten al titulo de la tesis :en primer lugar "El desarrollo de la arquitectura moderna" que tratará la introducción de la modernidad, las incidencias de su asimilación y desarrollo; un segundo bloque que señala y relaciona unos planes de obra y programas de desarrollo con el impulso de la modernidad; y un tercer bloque "La arquitectura moderna para el desarrollo" que profundiza en los aspectos del proyecto que determinaron la arquitectura moderna caribeña vinculada a unos planes de reforma y a unas condiciones geográficas particulares .
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Kilpi, Harri. "The representation of the British past : class and change in the period film in Britain from 1950 to 1965." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429674.
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Carvalho, Cristina Toledo de. "Migrantes amparados: a atuação da Sociedade Beneficente Brasil Unido junto a nordestinos em São Caetano do Sul (1950-1965)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12729.
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Previous issue date: 2012-05-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research analyses the performance of the Brasil Unido Beneficent Society, in the context of the correlation of strengths and historical conjunctures presented in São Caetano do Sul, between 1950 and 1965. Founded in 1950, by a group consisting most of socially and economically stable people from the Northeast part of Brazil, this society had as its main goal to give support to migrants from this part of the country. Such initiatives were concretized by mutualist and philanthropic ways. The mutualist initiatives were featured by practices such as monetary assistance to its members, in case of illness, financial issues and unemployment. The philanthropy was directed to not members and provided shelter, feeding, employment and health treatment. Craving the strengthening of the group, its directors embrace a strategy to enlarge the work, starting to benefit not only people from the Northeast. This way, the Brasil Unido would have more conditions to stand out among the acting forces in the city, giving its projects visibility and fundraising increase alternatives. The search for resources made its directors developed a relationship with the municipal, state and federal political system. Speachs to propagate the society work, guided and fortified by these relations, disseminated the group concept about the people benefited by its actions. This concept was close to the preconception presented in the social imaginary in those times, that conceived migrants as a violent, without culture and rough people. This preconception induced the Brasil Unido to propose an adaptation of those people to the habits and costumes of the city, seeking for their social inclusion in a scenario defined by an increasing urbanization and industrialization, such as São Caetano do Sul
A presente pesquisa analisa a atuação da Sociedade Beneficente Brasil Unido, no contexto da correlação de forças e das conjunturas históricas de São Caetano do Sul, no período compreendido entre 1950 e 1965. Fundada em 1950, por um grupo constituído predominantemente por nordestinos que possuíam certa projeção socioeconômica, a referida entidade tinha como finalidade precípua a promoção de iniciativas de amparo junto a migrantes provenientes do Nordeste. Tais iniciativas concretizavam-se a partir de duas vias: a mutualista e a filantrópica. Enquanto a primeira era caracterizada por práticas representadas, basicamente, pela concessão de auxílios monetários a sócios da instituição em casos de doença, dificuldades financeiras e desemprego, a segunda estava voltada para os não associados e consistia, principalmente, na disponibilização de abrigo, alimentação e providências para a obtenção de emprego, documentos e tratamentos médicos para os migrantes. Almejando o fortalecimento da entidade, a sua direção adotou a estratégia de expandir a política de amparo, que, assim, passou a beneficiar não somente nordestinos. Com uma proposta mais abrangente, a Brasil Unido teria maiores condições de se colocar, mais efetivamente, entre as forças atuantes no município sul-sancaetanense, o que poderia lhe render uma maior visibilidade e o aumento de suas possibilidades de arrecadação de recursos para os seus projetos e empreendimentos. A busca por recursos moveu, aliás, os seus dirigentes em suas articulações e relações com o sistema político da época, tanto em níveis municipal e estadual, quanto na esfera federal. Pautavam e legitimavam tais relações discursos que, ao divulgarem as propostas e trabalhos da entidade, veicularam a sua concepção acerca do migrante nordestino amparado por suas ações. Tal concepção estava em sintonia com as representações preconceituosas recorrentes no imaginário social daquele momento histórico, as quais concebiam o nordestino como um ser sem cultura, violento, rude e marcado pelo flagelo da seca. A existência desse preconceito motivou a Brasil Unido a propor, entre as beneficências previstas por seus estatutos, a adaptação do migrante aos usos e costumes da localidade, vislumbrando, assim, a sua inserção social em um cenário como o de São Caetano do Sul, marcado por uma crescente urbanização e industrialização
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Barrella, Jessica Rose. "Landscape of fear : a social history of the missile during the early years of the cold war, 1950-1965." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1405.
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The missile's significance has been central to national security since the Soviet launching of Sputnik, and became increasingly important throughout the years of the Cold War. Much has been written about missile technology, but little has been written about how the development and deployment of this weapon affected Americans. The missile was developed to both deter war but also to win war. Its presence, however, was not always reassuring.
Three areas of the United States are studied to evaluate the social implications of the missile during these pivotal years: San Francisco, home of multiple Nike installations; of Cape Canaveral, Florida, the nation's primary missile test center; the Great Plains, the location of the largest ICBM concentration in the country. Interviews were conducted, tours of facilities were taken, and local newspapers were reviewed. In conjunction with national newspapers and magazines and public opinion polls, this information provided a local social context for missile history. Nationally and locally, Americans both feared and praised the new technology. They were anxious for government funding in their cities and often felt that the danger the missile brought to their communities by making it as a Soviet target was justified in the larger cause for national security.
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Zachrisson, Malin. "Hälsa – Att Må Bra eller Se Bra Ut? : En analys av veckotidningarna Veckorevyn, Veckojournalen och Hemmets veckotidning under 1950-talet och 1965-1975." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-37258.
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Sarango, Ramírez Marvin Kevin. "Estudio de la evolución del contenido en cobre de las monedas de "Sol de oro" acuñadas entre 1950 y 1965 en el Perú: redescubriendo crisis económicas." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8365.
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Las monedas son una parte fundamental de la vida económica de todo país; tienen, generalmente, forma de disco y son fabricadas en aleaciones metálicas. Existen numerosos estudios sobre cambios composicionales de las monedas en periodos de crisis en muchos lugares del mundo, sobre todo en la antigüedad, pero se tiene escasa información en el caso de las monedas peruanas, a pesar de las constantes crisis económicas por las que el Perú ha pasado desde su fundación. El periodo comprendido entre los años 1950 y 1965 se caracterizó por el empleo de diferentes aleaciones de cobre en la acuñación de las monedas en circulación. En el plano económico, se caracterizó por dos crisis que influyeron en el precio del cobre. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue la identificación y cuantificación (principalmente por medio de técnicas no destructivas) de los elementos que conforman las aleaciones empleadas en diversas monedas de “Sol de oro” acuñadas entre los años 1950 y 1965 y el seguimiento de su evolución temporal durante el periodo indicado para conocer si los eventos económicos del periodo quedaron reflejados en la composición de las mismas.
En el presente trabajo, las monedas se lavaron con agua des-ionizada y jabón neutro en un baño de ultrasonidos y después fueron enjuagadas con etanol. Se optimizaron las condiciones de análisis por fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF) y las monedas se midieron usando una corriente de 1,3 µA, un voltaje de 40 kV y un tiempo de medida de 60s. El número de medidas por cada lado dependió del tipo de aleación.
Se identificaron solo dos elementos en los espectros XRF en todas las monedas: cobre y cinc. De las áreas de las señales correspondientes a estos elementos se calculó la relación Cu/Zn para cada moneda. La relación Cu/Zn hallada muestra una tendencia a la reducción del contenido en cobre en las monedas de 1 y 2 centavos, con mínimos en 1954 y 1959. El resto de denominaciones no muestran una tendencia clara en la evolución de la relación Cu/Zn.
La cuantificación se realizó por medio de espectroscopia de absorción atómica (AAS) de un número limitado de monedas. La concentración de cobre en peso determinada por AAS para las monedas de 1 y 2 centavos (fabricadas principalmente en cinc) mostró una buena correlación con la tendencia observada en las medidas de XRF. Sin embargo, los estudios de AAS en piezas de latón no se correlacionan con sus relaciones Cu/Zn de XRF. Se obtuvo una mejor correlación después de lijado de un conjunto de piezas de diferente denominación, pero no satisfactorio, por lo que no se calculó la concentración de estos metales en estas monedas.
La correlación AAS/XRF observada en las monedas de 1 y 2 centavos ha permitido conocer que la concentración promedio de cobre anual en esas monedas se encuentra por debajo de lo estipulado por ley (5% ± 2) en casi todos los casos, con excepción de 1950, 1951, 1952 y 1955. Asimismo, los mínimos de concentración coinciden, temporalmente, con los dos periodos de crisis económica ocurridos en el Perú durante ese tiempo.Tesis
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Al, Kharusi Khalid. "Dhofar War, 1965-1975." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2018. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/24029/.
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This project examines the nature of UK relations with the Omani Sultans, Sultan Said bin Taimur (1932-1970) and his son, Sultan Qaboos (1970- present), in the context of the Dhofar War (1965-1975). The internal and external circumstances of this conflict give valuable insights into Omani independence and sovereignty, thereby addressing the paucity of Omani writing on this conflict (e.g. Al Hamdani, 2010, Al Amri, 2012, Ja'boub, 2010; Muqaibl, 2002). This study utilises a qualitative descriptive analytical methodology to study documents from British, American, Egyptian, and Omani sources, including archival texts from government officials and the revolutionaries. Interviews were also conducted with key military and civilian figures in the Sultanate of Oman and Britain. Examination of the actions undertaken by Sultan Said and Sultan Qaboos in the war highlights a dichotomy between the need to ensure compatibility with British politics at that time and the desire of the Omani leaders to maintain independence in the face of British imperialism. Despite the profound differences between the policies of both Sultans, this study shows that both governments had a developing and negotiable autonomy, rather than existing as a direct colony or an informal colony (see Abdalsatar, 1989, p. 46; Fadel, 1995, p. 212; Halliday, 2008, p. 331; Miles, 1920, pp.222-230; Omar, 2008, pp. 6-7; Owtram, 2004, p. 16;Samah, 2016, p. 273; Sultan & Naqeeb, 2008, p. 26; Wilson, 2012, pp. 331-332). Importantly, the relationship with the British is shown to have been a less important factor in the events and should therefore not be over-stated as informal imperialism. The main political values in the conflict were: (1) the support of tribal leaders; (2) the role of Islam and communism; (3) the unity of the leadership; and (4) the relations between the Sultans and other Gulf leaders. Overall, the relationship between the Omani rulers and the British was one of friendship, cooperation, and exchange of interests, which the Sultans used to maintain the independent needs of Oman.
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Sutley, Stewart K. "Losing a revolution : the PKI versus the army in Indonesia, 1949-1965." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64101.
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Heck, Márcia. "Casas modernas cariocas [1930-1965]." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5250.
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Esta dissertação visa traçar um panorama representativo das casas modernas cariocas dentro do quadro da arquitetura moderna brasileira de 1930 a 1965. Para tanto, utiliza-se da reunião catalográfica de 145 exemplares de autoria de arquitetos nascidos ou radicados no Rio de Janeiro, localizadas no estado do Rio ou eventualmente fora dele. Os objetos de estudo são apresentados cronologicamente em sete períodos, correspondentes à incubação (1930-35), à eclosão (1936-39), à emergência (1940- 45), à consolidação (1946-50), à hegemonia (1951-55), à mutação (1956-60) e ao conseqüente ocaso (1961-65) da arquitetura moderna brasileira. A constituição do panorama é feita sistematicamente sobre dados extraídos da documentação publicada nacional e internacionalmente, através de tabulações e fichamentos. A identificação dos exemplares permite, primeiramente, ampliar e formatar um conjunto disperso; num segundo momento, a leitura dos dados facilita a análise e gera comentários que buscam somar um enfoque qualitativo à coletânea. As verificações corroboram a validade atemporal da arquitetura moderna brasileira e apontam para a necessidade de abertura de colunas intermediárias de classificação, que contemplem os ‘caminhos do meio’ entre o figurativo e o abstrato, o particular e o universal, o vernáculo e o erudito, o tradicional e o moderno.
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Berthoux, Karine. "Les romans de ninja de 1955 à 1965 : l’univers du ninja ou l’emblème d’une population d’après-guerre." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3015/document.
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En France comme au Japon, l’intérêt que les chercheurs portent à la littératurepopulaire comme support pour des recherches autres que littéraires, telle que l’analysehistorique, est très faible. Pourtant, une analyse approfondie des tendances littéraires montreque les lecteurs, selon les époques, ne désirent pas les mêmes intrigues, les mêmespersonnages et n’ont ainsi pas les mêmes besoins. Dans ce contexte, les romans de ninja ouninpô shôsetsu au Japon apparaissent comme un genre particulièrement saisissant.Le shinobi est une figure importante de l’histoire japonaise qui fut longtemps dénigréeface aux valeureux samouraïs. Peu de récits l’employèrent pour distraire le peuple. Pourtant,éclata après l’Occupation un véritable boom du ninja, personnage dérivée du shinobi. Cetteétude analyse le sens de cette diffusion massive à l’heure de la modernité d'après-guerre et del'instauration de la démocratie, alors que le peuple japonais renouait avec la pleine possessionde son territoire.Véritable héros, le ninja représente en réalité une partie du peuple d’après-guerre etl'univers de ces romans semble décrire le Japon de l’époque. Les auteurs s’adressent à unlecteur implicite au passé commun, avec sa propre expérience et vision de la guerre, desévolutions économiques et politiques de la société. Véritable allégorie du peuple d’aprèsguerre,le ninja des années 1950 et 1960 symbolise divers acteurs de la société (salariés,précaires, personnes âgées, femmes). Figure romanesque de l’ombre, il incarne un personnagede contre-culture aux valeurs nouvelles, et relève autant d’un état d’esprit qu’il le construitIn France as in Japan, the interest that researchers take in popular literature as asupport for other researches other than literary, such as historical analysis, remains weak.Still, a deep analysis of the various literary genre shows that readers don’t look for the sameintrigues, the same characters and therefore don’t have the same needs over time. In thiscontext, ninja fiction or ninpô shôsetsu in Japan appears to be a good example of this.The shinobi is an important Japanese historical figure who was for a long timedenigrated compared to the brave samurais. Very few stories used it to distract people. Still,after the Occupation occurred a strong and sudden ninja boom, a character derived from theshinobi.This work analyses the meaning of this massive diffusion which emerge at the time ofafter-war modernity and of the establishment of democracy, just as Japanese peoplereconnected with their full property of their territory.As true heroes, the ninja represents in reality a part of the after-war population andthose novels’ universe seems to describe the Japan of this time. Authors indirectly address animplicit readership with a shared past, with their own vision and experience of the war,economic and political evolutions of society. Real allegory of the Japanese after-warpopulation, the 1950’s-60’s ninja symbolizes different social roles (salary-man, precariouspeople, elders, women). As a shadowy Romanesque character, he embodies the counterculturepersona with new values and belongs as much as he also established a certain way ofmind
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Tassi, Graziano. "La capitale du « miracle économique » italien : Milan et ses représentations entre littérature et cinéma (1955-1965)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100153/document.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser comment la littérature et le cinéma ont représenté la ville de Milan au cours de la décennie 1955-1965, qui précède et suit de peu ce que la grande majorité des historiens appelle maintenant « le miracle économique » des années 1958-1963. Avec cette étude, nous avons essayé de retracer le portrait réel et imaginaire d’une ville qui, au moment du « miracle économique », semble connaître et contenir toutes les dynamiques de changement, qu’à une plus grande échelle connaît le pays tout entier. Pour ce faire, nous avons adopté une démarche interdisciplinaire qui nous a conduit à étudier les formes réelles de la ville à travers des ouvrages d’histoire, d’architecture, d’urbanisme et de sociologie pour ensuite les confronter avec leurs représentations imaginaires dans la littérature et le cinéma. Ce choix était dicté par la conviction que la complexité de la ville, en tant qu’objet d’étude, intègre divers niveaux de structuration : physique, économique, social mais également temporel et imaginaire. Cette thèse est composée de cinq parties qui vont de l’analyse de la forme urbanistique de la ville à l’examen de sa composition sociale. Au terme de notre travail nous pouvons ainsi dégager trois « images », en apparence contradictoires, qui semblent définir la ville lombarde : « la ville dynamique », « la ville du capital » et « la ville cristallisée ». Ces trois images s’expriment au travers d’une grande variété de modalités de représentation, de styles et de tons, qui semblent former une vaste mosaïque d’expressions artistiques reflétant la complexité, les relations, les contrastes et les conflits qui caractérisent la ville de Milan au moment du « miracle économique »The aim of this dissertation is to analyse how literature and cinema have represented the city of Milan during the decade 1955-1965, which slightly precedes and follows what the majority of historians now call the “economic miracle” (1958-1963). This research attempts to retrace the real and the imaginary portrait of a city, whose experience and dynamics at the time of the “economic miracle”, appeared as a representative sample of Italy as a whole. This topic has been considered from an interdisciplinary perspective through works of history, architecture, urbanism and sociology, focusing first on the real forms of the city. These forms are then subsequently confronted with their imaginary representations through literature and cinema. This choice was dictated by the conviction that the complexity of the city, as an object of study, integrates various levels of structuration: physical, economic, social, but also temporal and imaginary. This dissertation is composed of five parts beginning with the analysis of the urban form of the city and ending with the examination of its social composition. After this investigation, three distinct, yet seemingly contradictory, images appear, which could define the Lombard city as “the dynamic city”, “the city of the capital” and “the crystalized city”. These three contradictory images are expressed through a large variety of modes of representation, styles and tones, which form a broad mosaic of artistic expressions reflecting the complexity, relations, contrasts and conflicts that characterize the city of Milan at the time of the “economic miracle”
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Horn, Carl John. "Military innovation and the helicopter : a comparison of development in the United States Army and Marine Corps, 1945-1965 /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1240844876.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 356 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 341-356). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Boursier, François. "Vers une politique globale de l'enfance : naissance d'une association, l'ARSEA de Lyon, 1935-1950." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2102.
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Cette thèse a pour objet d’étudier la création à Lyon de l’association « La Sauvegarde de l’enfance » sous le régime de Vichy. L’étude de cet « objet » a nécessité de désenclaver la période, afin de mettre davantage en évidence le rôle majeur des années de l’Entre-deux guerres dans l’élaboration d’un dispositif de prise en charge de l’enfance irrégulière et endanger moral. Et par conséquent d’inscrire cette étude dans la double continuité : années 30/Vichy, Vichy/Reconstruction. Ce temps étudié, met en évidence le rôle central que va jouer, tout au long des années 1935-1949, la neuropsychiatrie infantile dans l’élaboration du dispositif de prise en charge de l’enfance. Cela dans un contexte de forte médicalisation desquestions sociales. Au travers de cet objet historique, « La Sauvegarde de l’enfance », nous avons pu étudier au plus près la construction d’un rapport complexe entre l’Etat en pleine affirmation de son autorité, de renforcement de ses pouvoirs et l’Association comme expression de la société civile. Ce rapport complexe, fait de tensions, d’injonctions, et de reconnaissance mutuelle, s’inscrit dans une tradition élaborée dans le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle qui est celle du « concordat social », de la nécessité d’un compromis qui produit ce que Pierre Rosanvallon nomme « le jacobinisme amendé ». La Sauvegarde de l’enfance à Lyon, sera, entre 1943 et 1949, l’expression de cet amendement du jacobinisme. Cette étude a enfin permis de montrer, dans un contexte historique singulier, le rôle important des acteurs individuels ou collectifs, acteurs qui le plus souvent s’inscrivent au sein de réseaux et qui élaborent des stratégies. Ainsi au coeur de l’Occupation allemande, sous l’Etat Français de Vichy dans sa période la plus noire, des acteurs associatifs et politiques se donnent des marges de manoeuvres, négocient. Cette France au plus près du terrain a pu exprimer et réaliser ses vues, du moins les négocier, grâce à un contexte qui, paradoxalement, ne faisait pas de la protection de l’enfance une priorité de l’Etat. C’est là, au cours de cette séquence historique majeure, que les politiques de protection de l’enfance entrent dans un âge nouveau, que s’élabore un dispositif : fait d’un discours, d’une législation, d’institutions, de professionnels notammentThe purpose of this PhD dissertation is to study the creation process of the association « Sauvegarde de l’enfance » (protection/safeguard of childhood) in Lyon under the Vichy regime. This PhD disseration has required to open the period to the years which have preceded and followed the Vichy regime in order to evidence among others the major contribution of the inter-war period to the development of a scheme aiming at taking care of children in an irregular situation and in moral danger. And as a result to place this study in the double continuity : 30s/Vichy and Vichy/postwar reconstruction. The studied period highlighths the central role played by child neuropsychiatry through the years 1935-1949 in the development of the childcare system/scheme, in a context of heavy medicalisation of social matters. Through the historical object « The Protection/safeguard of childhood » it has been possible to study closely the development of a complex relation between the State - in a period where its authority grew significantly and got strengthened - and the associations / « the Association » as representative of the civil society. This complex relation, made of tensions, injonctions and mutual recognition, ties in a tradition developed during the last third of the 19th Century, the tradition of « social concordat », of the necessity of a compromise which developed into what Pierre Rosanvallon calls « the amended jacobinism ». The « Sauvegarde de l’enfance » in Lyon will be between 1943 and 1949 the expression of this amendment to jacobinism. This study has eventually allowed to show in a special historical context the important role of individual and collective actors, who most often relate to networks and work out strategies. Thus in the darkest period of the German occupation under the Vichy State its, associative and political actors negotiate. This France in contact with day-to-day realities has had the possibility to express and achieve its visions/intentions/aims/targets, at least negotiate them, thanks to a context where the State paradoxically did not prioritize the protection of childhood. It is in this period, during this major historical sequence, that policies aiming at protecting childhood entered into a new period ; this is when a care scheme has developped, made especially of an argumentation, a legislation and institutions
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Özer-Chulliat, Sibel. ""Se mettre en scène" dans les adaptations contemporaines de textes classiques : un point tournant dans l'art de la mise en scène ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA133.
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Depuis quelques années, certains metteurs en scènes européens prennent des initiatives particulièrement audacieuses dans leurs adaptations de textes classiques, coupant le texte, modifiant l’ordre des monologues et allant jusqu’à injecter des morceaux de textes écrits par eux ou bien issus d’autres oeuvre littéraires. Ils n’hésitent plus à "se mettre en scène", c’est-à-dire à traiter avant tout leurs propres questions existentielles par l’intermédiaire des textes classiques, se libérant ainsi de toute pression exercée sur eux par les interprétations textuelles faisant autorité ou bien par les représentations de ces textes dans l’imaginaire collectif, et emmenant les textes classiques dans un "ailleurs" très personnel. Leurs mises en scène dépassent la fragmentation et le désordre propres au théâtre postmoderne et s’attachent au contraire à raconter une histoire cohérente, centrée sur les préoccupations intimes du metteur en scène. Ce nouveau type de mises en scène s’appuie sur des influences diverses, depuis André Antoine jusqu’à Heiner Müller, en passant par Stanislavski, Artaud et Brecht, et constitue une nouvelle étape dans le processus d’autonomisation de l’art de la mise en scène à l'oeuvre depuis le XIXème siècle. Le corpus de cette thèse comprend quatre récentes adaptations (réalisées entre 2008 et 2011) de textes classiques : Hamlet de Thomas Ostermeier, Hamlet de Nikolaï Kolyada, Roméo et Juliette d’Olivier Py et Un tramway de Krzysztof Warlikowski (à partir de Un tramway nommé Désir de Tennessee Williams). Il comprend également une mise en pratique sous la forme d’une adaptation, Pygmalion - J’ai créé une femme (à partir de Pygmalion de George Bernard Shaw), réalisée par l’auteur de la thèse en 2014 au sein des Théâtres Nationaux de Turquie, et ayant permis de tester les arguments et conclusions tirés des analyses précédentesIn recent years, some European directors are taking particularly bold initiatives in their adaptations of classic texts, cutting the text, changing the order of monologues and even injecting pieces of texts written by them or from other literary works. They do not hesitate to "stage themselves", that is to say, to treat primarily their own existential questions through the classic texts, thus releasing any pressure exerted on them by the authoritative textual interpretations or by the representations of these texts in the collective imagination, and taking the classic texts in a very personal "elsewhere". Their stagings exceed the fragmentation and disorder specific to postmodern theater and focus instead on telling a coherent story, centered on the intimate concerns of the director. This new type of staging draws on diverse influences from André Antoine to Heiner Müller through Stanislavski, Brecht and Artaud, and represents a new stage in the empowerment process of the art of staging at work since the nineteenth century. The corpus of this thesis includes four recent adaptations (conducted between 2008 and 2011) of classic texts: Thomas Ostermeier’s Hamlet, Nikolai Kolyada’s Hamlet, Olivier Py’s Romeo and Juliet, and Krzysztof Warlikowski’s A Streetcar (from A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams). It also includes a practical application in the form of an adaptation, Pygmalion - I Created A Woman (from Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw), directed by the author of the thesis in 2014 in the Turkish State Theatres and having tested the arguments and conclusions from previous analyzes
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Harmon, Rebecca Bouterie. "Nursing care in a state hospital, 1950-1965 /." 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3083125.
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Ferreira, Cléria de Lourdes. "O tokoismo como elemento da identidade angolana: 1950-1965." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/9427.
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Tese de mestrado, História de África, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012Uma leitura atenta das literaturas historiográficas produzidas nas primeiras décadas do século XX sobre a história de Angola permite detectar a importância das igrejas cristãs africanas como agente histórico dos acontecimentos que envolveram o desencadeamento da guerra de libertação do jugo colonial. O conceito profético-messiânico de “cunho subversivo” foi utilizado nos textos escritos por representantes do ultramar e autores apoiantes do colonialismo para definir a igreja do líder religioso Simão Gonçalves Toko. Estes textos serviram de fonte a outros estudos desenvolvidos após a independência que, de forma positivista analisaram a igreja mais como um fenómeno autónomo da política interna de independência mas de forma paralela e mesmo objectivo. Contudo, das relações dos africanos com os missionários europeus surge uma nova expressão religiosa composta por valores cristãos e a ancestralidade kongo em que é observada a preservação da identidade dos povos de cultura Bantu. A forma de integração social, sua dinâmica e a leitura que os angolanos fizeram do cristianismo foram desprezados em prol de um história linear sem apreciação dos vínculos culturais de identidade e a transição social e religiosa pelas quais os africanos procuravam adaptar-se. O presente trabalho debruça-se sobre os conceitos dados por esta literatura no período entre 1950 e 1965 em que o corpo textual sustenta-se de uma profunda análise desta leitura apresentada nas correspondências trocadas entre homens e mulheres tokoistas e podendo dessa forma obter um outro olhar da sociabilidade e religiosidade em que se inscreve a Igreja Tokoista, seus adeptos e sua forma de agregação e os recursos identitários como elemento e integração sócio religiosa.
ABSTRACT: A thorough reading of the historiographical literature produced in the first decades of the twentieth century about the history of Angola allows sensing the importance of the African Christian churches as historical agents of the events that surrounded the outbreak of the war of liberation from colonial rule. The prophetic-messianic concept of "subversive nature" was used in the texts written by Ultramar representatives and by authors who supported colonialism, to define the church's religious leader Simão Gonçalves Toko. These texts were used as a source to other studies, developed after the Independence, which, in a positivist way, analysed the church more like an autonomous phenomenon of internal policy to the Independence. However, a new religious expression, composed by Christian values and the Kongo ancestry, in which the Bantu cultural identity is observed, emerged from the relationship between Africans and European missionaries. The process of social integration, its dynamics and the interpretation that Angolans made of Christianity were ignored in favour of a linear history, with no consideration of the cultural bonds of identity or of the social and religious transition that African people sought to adapt to. This dissertation focuses on the concepts addressed by this literature, between 1950 and 1965, in which the textual body is sustained by a careful examination of the correspondence exchanged between tokoist men and women, which allow the attainment of another approach to the sociability and religious spirit where the Tokoist Church and its members were included.
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Yu, Chien-Chou, and 尤健州. "The U.S. Aid and the Railway Construction in Taiwan（1950～1965）." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57730310003042723061.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
歷史學系所
102
After the World War II, facing the change of the world situation and the expansion of the Soviet Union, The U.S. goverment began a series of foreign aid to assist contries in post-war reconstruction in order to safeguard its national interests and leading position in the world. With the change of world situation in Cold War, the foreign policy of The U.S. government were also experienced the different periods: “The Economic Cooperation Act of 1948”, “The Mutual Security Act of 1951” and “The Act for International Development of 1961”. Each period has different purposes foreign aid program. The U.S. aid had played the very importment role in the post-war development of Taiwan not only in the military part, but alos in the economic part. It created the political and economic stability, let The ROC goverement could through the climacteric period began the economic development. Therefore, the relationship between The U.S. aid and the political and economic situation of Taiwan are inseparable. The railway construction in Taiwan was began in Qing Dynasty, developed in Japanese colonial period. Because of The Pacific War, the railway was destroyed by the bombing of the U.S air force. After the war, because of the financial difficulties, the railway equipment didn’t have the enough resources for reconstruction, the railway transportation were almost bog down. After The Korean War, The U.S. aid was coming, TRA began using the aid for the railway reconstruction. When the railroad repair facilities in succession, TRA has continued to apply U.S. aid loans to develop a series of railway equipment expansion plans to cope with the economic development and a rising passenger and freight rail transport. In the process of the railway repair and expand, in addition to the hardware facilities of innovation, through The U.S. aid, TRA also began sending personnel overseas, engaged in technical and institutional aspects of the investigation. It’s also made TRA considerable contributions in the future.
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Anjos, Carla Maria Pereira Davide Gaspar dos. "Modelos e materiais de ensino da matemática moderna em Portugal (1950-1965)." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/15025.
Full textAbstract:
Este artigo tem por base um estudo enquadrado no uso de materiais/modelos de
ensino da Matemática na década de 60, aquando da implementação do Movimento
Matemática Moderna, em Portugal.
Para atingir este objectivo definimos três questões:
1) Já havia interesse no uso destes novos métodos de ensino, e consequentemente
no uso de materiais diversos que levassem a uma melhor aprendizagem por
parte dos alunos, antes da década de 60?
2) De que modo os professores aplicaram e usaram estes métodos/materiais na sua
prática docente? E que formação tiveram?
3) Quais os métodos e materiais que os professores utilizavam nas suas aulas?
O foco central deste trabalho parte da análise de dois artigos escritos na revista
Labor, o primeiro em 1952 e o segundo em 1960, pelo professor António Augusto
Lopes1 sobre o uso de materiais no 1º ciclo e o Laboratório de Matemática. Toda a
pesquisa deste trabalho focou-se na interpretação de material fornecido pelo professor
Lopes (manuscritos, relatórios, livros e fotografias, documentos do Ministério da
Educação Nacional), bem como por reflexões e comentários do próprio, registadas na
forma de entrevista,2 sobre o que foi o Movimento Matemática Moderna ao nível da
prática docente, com recurso a novas metodologias e materiais de ensino.
O período que irá ser analisado em termos cronológicos será de 1957 a 1965, isto
porque é um período experimental e de mudança. A reunião de 57 da CIEAEM em
Madrid é o marco histórico que irá despoletar o interesse da Comissão e de Augusto
Lopes para a aplicação dos novos materiais\modelos. Apesar de só em 1965 serem
criadas as primeiras turmas piloto para aplicação das metodologias e dos novos
materiais\modelos preconizadas pelo MMM.
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Kuang, Rongrong. "The origins of de-collectivization in China politics, ideology and agrarian development, 1950-1965 /." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34751713.html.
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Joyce, Déirdre F. "A new dress for Cathleen changing Irish identities and the Irish fashion culture, 1950-1965 /." 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/56202444.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2004.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-90).
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"Playboys, Single Girls, and Sexual Rebels: Sexual Politics 1950-1965 A Trilogy of Significant Developments." East Tennessee State University, 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0330101-123809/.
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陳月萍. "The Overseas Students Education under the Aid of U. S. and the Activities of Anti-Communism(1950-1965)." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10436812831737449967.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
歷史學系
92
After World War II, the collision between the democratic groups of the U.S. and the communist bloc of Soviet Union has formed im opposing posions. To carry out the project of the U. S. aids of overseas students education is not only the result under the international situation at that time but also densely and integrally with the national policy, anti-Communist and Resisting Russia. Began in 1950, U.S. proposed helping the economy of Taiwan. Among them has already included educating part, but has not especially put emphasis on overseas students education . After Nixon''s visit in 1953, the governments started to implement the project. This project started since 1954, reduced the funds progressively after 1961, by the end of 1965, the colleges has brought up more than 20,000 graduates. The education which the overseas students received , the activities they had participate in and what they behaviored after they return to their residence, correlate with "anti-communism" more or less. It serves to show that the great composition of U. S. aids of overseas students education is anti-communism.
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Dutkiewicz, Adam. "Raising ghosts post-World War Two European emigre and migrant artists and the evolution of abstract painting in Australia, with special reference to Adelaide ca 1950-1965." 2000. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/24967.
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Raising ghosts examines the political and cultural climate in Australia in the mid-20th century, and proposes that e?migre? and migrant artists to a significant extent were the catalysts of change and progenitors of new forms of painting in the post-war years. It uncovers a largely hidden but fertile terrain in Australian modernism.thesis (PhDVisualArts)--University of South Australia, 2000.
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Laperle, Dominique. ""Enflammer le monde et libérer la vie" : l'évolution et l'adaptation de la Congrégation des Sœurs des Saints Noms de Jésus et de Marie en contexte conciliaire (1954-1985)." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5803/1/D2543.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Cette étude de la Congrégation des Sœurs des Saints Noms de Jésus et de Marie (SNJM) entre 1954 et 1985 explore l'évolution et l'adaptation d'un institut religieux apostolique féminin sous les effets conjugués du concile Vatican II, de la réforme de l'éducation lors de la Révolution tranquille et du mouvement féministe. Le cas des SNJM, une congrégation transnationale, nous permet de saisir le parcours d'un groupe de femmes consacrées catholiques dans le contexte des changements socioculturels majeurs qui affectent le Québec et l'Amérique du Nord. L'hypothèse générale de notre recherche est que les SNJM, loin de disparaître avec la fin de leur mainmise sur l'enseignement traditionnel, se sont renouvelées en tenant compte des propositions du concile Vatican II ainsi que de la réalité sociopolitique et économique du Québec. Ouvertes aux mêmes influences culturelles que les autres femmes de l'époque, mais portées par une volonté de servir un idéal eschatologique, elles se reconstruisent un nouvel espace d'intervention et d'épanouissement. Notre thèse illumine donc, sous différents angles, le cheminement particulier d'une congrégation, ce qui élargit la vision de l'expérience féminine de cette époque. Ainsi, l'évolution de cette congrégation religieuse n'est pas linéaire, mais le résultat de négociations entre les religieuses et les différentes structures de contrôle que sont la société québécoise, l'Église catholique et la congrégation elle-même. À partir d'un corpus de sources incluant entre autres les archives de la congrégation des SNJM, celles de différentes associations liées au monde de l'éducation, de revues religieuses et de la mise en perspective de cette thèse avec l'historiographie, nous avons été en mesure de situer cette congrégation sur le plan spirituel et apostolique, dans le contexte particulier de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. À l'orée de la période des changements, soit de 1954 à 1961, les autorités, les supérieures générales et provinciales, exercent leur influence dans un cadre balisé par l'Église et son épiscopat. Toutefois, au-delà de ces apparences, la congrégation et les espaces conventuels qu'elle développe offrent l'occasion à de nombreuses femmes d'exercer des fonctions non-traditionnelles et de s'épanouir professionnellement et personnellement. Dans le contexte du pontificat de Pie XII, la congrégation amorce des réformes sur le plan de la formation des novices et celle des enseignantes. L'action de Mère Joseph-de-la-Providence, la directrice générale des études, pave la voie à la phase préparatoire du Concile. L'horizon d'attente, puis la réception du concile Vatican II (1962-1965) interpellent les SNJM. Les attentes et les représentations que se font les membres de la congrégation sont marquées par les interprétations de l'épiscopat et des spécialistes religieux masculins ainsi que par les médias audiovisuels et imprimés. Les SNJM sont conscientes des enjeux de la tenue et de la réussite du Concile pour l'avenir de l'Église, mais l'éloignement géographique et le rôle passif qu'on leur impose ne leur permet pas de se construire une conscience conciliaire homogène à travers le processus de réception conciliaire. Simultanément au concile Vatican II, le gouvernement du Québec impose une autre réforme dans le champ de l'éducation. Cette situation colore fortement l'aggiornamento des SNJM. Suite aux recommandations du Rapport Parent, l'État québécois entreprend son vaste projet de réforme scolaire. Cela place les congrégations enseignantes féminines dans des situations souvent difficiles, car les changements structuraux sont imposés dans des délais de prescription assez courts. Les SNJM mettront en place des stratégies de sauvegarde de leurs institutions, mais qui se confronteront à la vision de l'État provincial québécois. Cette situation impose une redéfinition du concept d'éducation au sein de la congrégation, dans le contexte de révision constitutionnelle qui suit l'appel au changement du Concile. De nombreuses modifications sont apportées aux Constitutions sous l'inspiration de Vatican II. Les formes traditionnelles de l'autorité sont revisitées et le respect de la personne humaine devient un nouveau fondement des rapports au sein de la congrégation. La vie religieuse commune se transforme aussi, particulièrement sur le plan de la liturgie, à la lumière de la réinterprétation du charisme de la fondatrice. Les SNJM s'intéressent à la question des femmes à partir des années 1960. Sans faire l'unanimité, les idées féministes prennent une place dans les travaux théologiques de certaines SNJM et s'immiscent dans les documents officiels à partir des années 1980. La congrégation devient alors un terrain transnational fertile de débats et d'échanges, particulièrement sur le rôle et la place des femmes dans la structure ecclésiale et le monde laïc. Les religieuses SNJM quittent les anciens couvents qui ont modelé leurs interactions avec le monde extérieur et se lancent dans une série de nouveaux apostolats. À partir de formes renouvelées d'insertion de l'espace urbain séculier, de petites communautés de SNJM développent des œuvres inédites, centrées sur le respect de la personne humaine et l'éducation de la foi. Paradoxalement, les religieuses, malgré un contexte social défavorable, continuent à témoigner du Christ. Les SNJM le font dans une perspective élargie de l'éducation, à travers les initiatives individuelles d'œuvres de justice sociale, d'éducation populaire et d'aide aux femmes, mais aussi au sein de l'Église où elles s'occupent des fonctions et des responsabilités nouvelles.
______________________________________________________________________________
MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Congrégation religieuse, Sœurs des Saints Noms de Jésus et de Marie, Femmes, Genre, Concile, Vatican II, Réception, Horizons d'attente, Catholique, Modernisation, Adaptation, Agentivité, XXe siècle, Québec
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Fabi, Cynthia. "Les discours sur la recherche scientifique au Canada français : 1945-1965." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2894/1/M11376.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Au cours de l'après-guerre et de la Révolution tranquille, le Canada et le Québec s'engagent dans un processus de modernisation de leurs structures sociales, économiques et politiques auquel les sciences prennent part. Elles sont de plus en plus perçues comme essentielles à la bonne marche de la société, à la croissance économique, ainsi qu'à la gestion publique éclairée. Dans ce mémoire, notre objectif est d'abord de prendre connaissance des discours sur la recherche scientifique au Canada français au cours de cette période et, par la suite, de comprendre leur évolution. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié tous les mémoires et annexes qui abordent de près ou de loin la question de la recherche scientifique déposés par des intervenants francophones à la Commission royale d'enquête sur l'avancement des arts, des lettres et des sciences au Canada (Massey, 1949-1951), à la Commission royale d'enquête sur les problèmes constitutionnels (Tremblay, 1953-1956) et à la Commission royale d'enquête sur l'enseignement dans la province de Québec (Parent, 1961-1966). Nous avons observé des éléments de continuité comme de rupture entre les discours propres à chaque commission. La prise en charge publique de la recherche, la plus grande implication du pouvoir provincial dans le champ scientifique, de même que la modernisation de l'État québécois sont toujours considérées comme cruciales pour le développement scientifique qui contribue à une société plus juste, à une économie plus solide, à un exercice éclairé du pouvoir et au rayonnement national. Toutefois, le règlement du litige constitutionnel relatif au financement des universités par Ottawa a pour résultat l'évacuation de cette question lors de la Commission Parent. Le rattrapage des francophones et la place des femmes dans la société y sont également évoqués pour la première fois. Enfin, le rayonnement du Québec y est présenté comme un argument de poids en faveur du développement scientifique soutenu par l'État québécois. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Histoire, Discours, Sciences, Recherche, Canada, Québec, Après-guerre, Révolution tranquille, XXe siècle.
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Ménard, Carolyne. "Éducation et politique dans le Chili contemporain (1965-2010) : regards étatiques et civiques sur les conditions de travail et de vie des enseignants." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5256/1/M12713.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Ce mémoire porte sur l'évolution des conditions de travail et de vie des professeurs de l'enseignement secondaire au Chili, entre 1965 et 2010. Les enseignants du secondaire ont vu leur situation de travail et leur niveau de vie se modifier considérablement durant les cinq dernières décennies, particulièrement sous la période de la dictature de Pinochet (1973-1990). Quelques études historiographiques ont montré que l'État militaire avaient mis en place des politiques éducatives qui causèrent une importante détérioration des conditions de travail des professeurs chiliens, tout en produisant simultanément un discours valorisant à l'égard de l'éducation et des enseignants. Selon une logique contre-intuitive, les politiques de l'État sont supposées refléter son discours ou concrétiser son discours dans la pratique; si l'État chilien valorisait les professeurs, il ne devrait pas avoir adopté des politiques qui leur nuisirent. Dans cette optique, il existe une distance importante entre le discours de l'État et le discours des enseignants par rapport aux conditions de travail et de vie de ce groupe socioprofessionnel. Ce mémoire veut donc analyser comment et pourquoi le discours étatique et le discours enseignant convergeaient ou divergeaient, et ce, durant trois périodes : sous les gouvernements de la Démocratie Chrétienne et de l'Unité Populaire (1965-1973), sous la dictature militaire (1973-1990), et sous la Concertation pour la démocratie (1990-2010). La pertinence de ce mémoire réside ainsi dans l'analyse, la compréhension et l'explication de cette distance qui existe entre le discours officiel de l'État et l'expérience enseignante en ce qui concerne leurs conditions de travail et leurs conditions de vie. Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé des entrevues avec vingt-deux professeurs de l'enseignement secondaire ayant travaillé et vécu sous les trois périodes étudiées. Nous nous sommes également appuyés sur des discours de présidents et de ministres de l'éducation, ainsi que des documents juridiques. Ce mémoire démontre que la distance entre le discours de l'État et le discours des enseignants varia en fonction du contexte économique, politique et social de l'époque. Entre 1965 et 1973, les deux discours convergèrent généralement davantage, étant donné un contexte politique et social favorable au dialogue entre les deux instances. Les conditions de travail n'étaient pas parfaites, mais les professeurs bénéficiaient d'une protection sociale pour compenser un salaire plutôt bas, et avait une qualité de vie typique de la classe moyenne. La période de la dictature fut quant à elle l'époque où les deux discours affichèrent le plus de différences, ce qui s'explique surtout par la présence d'un régime militaire au pouvoir et d'un contexte économique difficile caractérisé par des politiques néolibérales. Les conditions de travail furent mauvaises et le niveau de vie des enseignants/ diminua à un seuil critique, malgré l'attitude positive et confiante du régime militaire dans son projet éducatif néo libéral. Entre 1990 et 2010, les deux discours affichèrent un mélange de convergences et de divergences; les conditions de travail et de vie des professeurs s'améliorèrent, mais sans jamais combler entièrement les attentes enseignantes, puisque la Concertation ne se distancia pas considérablement de l'héritage néolibéral de la dictature.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Chili, éducation, politique, État, professeurs, conditions de travail, conditions de vie, discours, dictature.
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Onufriu, Vicki. "De la démagogie en Amérique : le sénateur James O. Eastland du Mississippi et la répression anticommuniste envers les militants du mouvement des droits civiques, 1948-1965." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3270/1/M9715.pdf.
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Ce mémoire analyse le caractére démagogique dans le discours et les actions du Sénateur James O. Eastland (1904-1986), qui a représenté l'État du Mississippi de 1942 à 1978. Eastland était un partisan reconnu de l'anticommunisme, ainsi que de la ségrégation raciale et de la suprématie de la race blanche. Nous démontrerons comment, afin d'entraver les actions du mouvement des droits civiques pour les Afro-Américains, le Sénateur invoquait de façon démagogique l'anticommunisme pour justifier ses opinions réactionnaires. Nous concentrerons notre recherche sur les années allant de 1948 à 1965, dans le contexte de la « chasse » aux Communistes et aussi de l'expansion du mouvement des droits civiques. Nous aborderons deux questions importantes dans notre projet : dans un premier temps, nous préciserons le degré réel d'influence du communisme chez les partisans du mouvement. Les accusations d'Eastland étaient-elles fondées? En fait, selon nous, l'idéologie communiste avait une influence trés limitée dans le mouvement des droits civiques durant cette période, car l'alliance avec les Communistes aurait fait plus de tort que de bien au mouvement. Ensuite, nous démontrerons quelle fut la place de ces accusations dans l'idéologie ultra-conservatrice du Sénateur Eastland, et à quel point elles furent utiles pour ses visées ségrégationnistes. Notre hypothèse sur cette question est qu'Eastland a stigmatisé ceux qui contestaient un tant soit peu la traditionnelle American Way of Life. Revendicateurs de leurs droits et libertés, les partisans du mouvement ont longtemps été étiquetés comme des radicaux.
Nous analyserons et déterminerons si les discours d'Eastland, prononcés tant au Sénat que devant la presse, ou encore devant des partisans d'une organisation suprémaciste blanche, le White Citizens' Council, étaient de fait de caractère démagogique. Nous étudierons également l'impact préjudiciable d'Eastland au sein des commissions et sous-commissions sénatoriales, qui avaient entre autres pour fonction d'étudier les projets de loi, et de mener des enquêtes sur des individus et organisations considérés comme étant subversifs, ce qui conduisit à de multiples abus envers les militants des droits civiques. Nous pouvons conclure suite à notre recherche que les agissements du Sénateur Eastland étaient effectivement de nature démagogique, car les accusations qu'il a portées étaient calomnieuses et tendaient à exploiter les préjugés racistes de ses concitoyens. D'ailleurs, nous constatons que ces accusations constituèrent le moyen le plus efficace qu'Eastland a pu trouver pendant quelques années pour entraver efficacement le mouvement des droits civiques. Cependant, malgré ses efforts soutenus, Eastland ne parvint pas à contrer les changements sociaux des années 1960. Son combat était perdu d'avance: il n'aura réussi qu'à retarder l'inévitable. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : États-Unis, 20e siècle, Congrès, Ségrégation, Maccarthysme.