Journal articles: '1946-1985'

1

Mohr, Philip, Mariana Botha, and Jon Inggs. "South Africa's balance of payments 1946–1985." South African Journal of Economic History 4, no. 2 (September 1989): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20780389.1989.10417161.

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National Park Service Research Center, University of Wyoming. "Researchers at the Jackson Hole Research Station and their Institutional Affiliations 1946-1985." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 9 (January 1, 1985): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1985.2527.

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3

CIECHOMSKI, W. "HORTICULTURAL BUSINESS IN POLAND IN THE PERIOD 1946–1985." Acta Horticulturae, no. 223 (May 1988): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1988.223.2.

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4

Wittkowski, Wolfgang, and Ferdinand Piedmont. "Schiller spielen: Stimmen der Theaterkritik 1946-1985: Eine Dokumentation." German Quarterly 65, no. 2 (1992): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/406499.

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Dyck, Martin, and Ferdinand Piedmont. "Schiller spielen: Stimmen der Theaterkritik 1946-1985: Eine Dokumentation." German Studies Review 15, no. 3 (October 1992): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1430381.

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6

Mokaddem, Hamid. "Éloi Machoro (1946-1985). Recherche d’anthropologie politique sur une trajectoire1." Journal de la société des océanistes, no. 136-137 (October 15, 2013): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/jso.6936.

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7

HECK, J. LOUIS, PHILIP L. COOLEY, and CARL M. HUBBARD. "Contributing Authors and Institutions to theJournal of Finance: 1946-1985." Journal of Finance 41, no. 5 (December 1986): 1129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1986.tb02535.x.

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8

Almeida, Marco Antonio Bettine de, and Gustavo Luis Gutierrez. "O lazer no Brasil: do nacional-desenvolvimentismo à globalização." Conexões 3, no. 1 (November 27, 2007): 36–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/conex.v3i1.8637887.

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Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre as práticas e teorias de lazer em diferentes períodos históricos a partir da realidade política e econômica brasileira. O texto tem como objetivo apresentar a evolução das práticas de lazer no contexto nacional, como também os principais autores estrangeiros que influenciam a produção teórica local. Para tal adotamos a seguinte periodização: nacional-desenvolvimentismo (1946-1964); período militar (1964-1985); redemocratização (1985-1990) e globalização (1990-atualidade).

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9

Rodrigues, Fabiana de Cássia, and Fábio Antonio de Campos. "Imperialismo total e educação na revolução burguesa no Brasil (1946-1985)." Revista HISTEDBR On-line 18, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 698–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rho.v18i3.8653148.

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O artigo tem por objetivo tratar das relações entre a educação no Brasil e as determinações advindas do que o sociólogo Florestan Fernandes chamou de “Imperialismo Total”. As ideias deste autor sobre os dilemas educacionais na consolidação da revolução burguesa no Brasil são a referência principal utilizada para a realização desta análise. Primeiramente discutiremos a forma “total” do imperialismo e suas relações com a contrarrevolução brasileira, evidenciando como se organiza a dominação externa a partir de dentro em todos os níveis da ordem social, com destaque para sua manifestação na área educacional. Na segunda parte do artigo, apresentamos o dilema educacional brasileiro que se expressa fortemente no pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial e os encaminhamentos dados a esta questão na ditadura instalada a partir de 1964. Concluímos que a educação brasileira sob o “imperialismo total” foi conduzida mediante um controle ideológico externo, sob a inspiração da teoria do capital humano, constituindo uma superestrutura que consolidou a precarização do ensino público, a dissociação da educação e os interesses de autonomia e soberania nacional, além da transformação crescente da educação em mercadoria.

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10

Leathers, Daniel J., Thomas L. Mote, Karl C. Kuivinen, Stuart McFeeters, and Douglas R. Kluck. "Temporal characteristics of USA snowfall 1945–1946 through to 1984–1985." International Journal of Climatology 13, no. 1 (January 1993): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370130105.

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11

Nee, Victor, and Burton Pasternak. "Guests in the Dragon: Social Demography of a Chinese District, 1985-1946." Contemporary Sociology 14, no. 5 (September 1985): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2069534.

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Surtees, P. G., and J. C. Duffy. "Suicide in England and Wales 1946?1985: an age-period-cohort analysis." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 79, no. 3 (March 1989): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10247.x.

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13

Pelto, M., J. Kavanaugh, and C. McNeil. "Juneau Icefield Mass Balance Program 1946–2011." Earth System Science Data Discussions 6, no. 1 (May 24, 2013): 119–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-6-119-2013.

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Abstract. The mass balance records of the Lemon Creek Glacier and Taku Glacier observed by the Juneau Icefield Research Program are the longest continuous glacier mass balance data sets in North America. On Taku Glacier annual mass balance averaged +0.40 m a−1 from 1946–1985 and −0.08 m a−1 from 1986–2011. The recent mass balance decline has resulted in the cessation of the long term thickening of the glacier. Mean annual mass balance on Lemon Creek Glacier has declined from −0.30 m a−1 for the 1953–1985 period to −0.60 m a−1 during the 1986–2011 period. The overall mass balance change is −26.6 m water equivalent, a 29 m of ice thinning over the 55 yr. Probing transects above the transient snow line (TSL) indicate a consistent balance gradient from year to year. Observations of the rate of summer TSL rise on Lemon Creek and Taku Glacier indicate a comparatively consistent rate of 3.8 to 4.1 m d−1. The relationship between TSL on Lemon Creek and Taku Glacier to other Juneau Icefield glaciers, Norris, Mendenhall, Herbert, and Eagle, is strong with correlations exceeding 0.82 in all cases. doi:10.5065/D6NZ85N3

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14

Shabbar, Amir, Kaz Higuchi, and John L. Knox. "Regional Analysis of Northern Hemisphere 50 kPa Geopotential Heights from 1946 to 1985." Journal of Climate 3, no. 5 (May 1990): 543–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1990)003<0543:raonhk>2.0.co;2.

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15

Logie, Ilse. "Steenmeijer, Maarten. 1989. De Spaanse en Spaans-Amerikaanse literatuur in Nederland (1946-1985)." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 2, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.2.2.14log.

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16

Beedle, M. J., B. Menounos, and R. Wheate. "Glacier change in the Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia, Canada (1952–2005)." Cryosphere 9, no. 1 (January 7, 2015): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-65-2015.

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Abstract. We applied photogrammetric methods with aerial photography from 11 different years between 1946 and 2005 to assess changes in area and volume of 33 glaciers in the Cariboo Mountains of British Columbia for the latter half of the 20th century. These are used to identify changes in extent and elevation primarily for the periods 1952–1985, 1985–2005, and 1952–2005. All glaciers receded during the period 1952–2005; area retreat averaged −0.19 ± 0.05 % a−1. From 1952 to 1985, nine glaciers advanced; following 1985, retreat rates accelerated to −0.41 ± 0.12% a−1. Thinning rates of a subset of seven glaciers likewise accelerated, from −0.14 ± 0.04 m w.e. a−1 (1952–1985) to −0.50 ± 0.07 m w.e. a−1 for the period 1985–2005. Temperatures increased from the earlier to the latter period for the ablation (+0.38 °C) and accumulation (+0.87 °C) seasons, and average precipitation decreased, particularly in the accumulation season (−32 mm, −3.2%). Our comparison of surface area change with glacier morphometry corroborates previous studies that show primary relations between extent change and surface area. We also find that the strength and sign of these relations varied for different epochs. Our results also indicate that the 1985 glacier extent for the study area reported previously by other studies may be slightly overestimated due to errant mapping of late-lying snow cover.

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17

Rábano, Isabel. "Pioneras en la Paleontología española: María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985)." Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, no. 114 (August 4, 2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29077/bol.114.e06.

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Resumen Se presentan algunos aspectos de la biografía de María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985), una pionera desconocida en la historia de la Geología española. El matrimonio y la maternidad la retiraron de la ciencia tras una breve pero intensa actividad investigadora. Licenciada en Ciencias, Sección de Ciencias Naturales, por la Universidad Central en 1946, obtuvo una beca del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid para realizar su tesis doctoral sobre el Devónico en España, dirigida por Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. Colaboró con Manuel Alía Medina en algunas cuestiones paleontológicas de las investigaciones geológico-mineras del Sáhara Occidental. Asimismo, se muestra la evolución de la enseñanza de las materias geológicas durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en España. Abstra ct This paper deals with some aspects of María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado´s biography (1921-1985), an unknown pioneer in the history of Spanish Geology. Marriage and motherhood removed her from science after a brief but intense research work. She graduated in Natural Sciences in 1946, and got a Spanish National Research Council scholarship to carry out her Ph.D. thesis on the Devonian of Spain, supervised by Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. She collaborated with Manuel Alía Medina on some paleontological issues of the geology of Western Sahara. Also, the evolution of the teaching of geological subjects during the first half of the 20th century in Spain is shown.

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18

Pelto, Mauri. "Exceptionally High 2018 Equilibrium Line Altitude on Taku Glacier, Alaska." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 14, 2019): 2378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202378.

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The Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP) has been examining the glaciers of the Juneau Icefield since 1946. The height of the transient snowline (TSL) at the end of the summer represents the annual equilibrium line altitude (ELA) for the glacier, where ablation equals accumulation. On Taku Glacier the ELA has been observed annually from 1946 to 2018. Since 1998 multiple annual observations of the TSL in satellite imagery identify both the migration rate of the TSL and ELA. The mean ELA has risen 85 ± 10 m from the 1946–1985 period to the 1986–2018 period. In 2018 the TSL was observed at: 900 m on 5 July; 975 m on 21 July; 1075 m on 30 July; 1400 m on 16 September; and 1425 m on 1 October. This is the first time since 1946 that the TSL has reached or exceeded 1250 m on Taku Glacier. The 500 m TSL rise from 5 July to 30 July, 8.0. md−1, is the fastest rate of rise observed. This combined with the observed balance gradient in this region yields an ablation rate of 40–43 mmd−1, nearly double the average ablation rate. On 22 July a snow pit was completed at 1405 m with 0.93 m w.e. (water equivalent), that subsequently lost all snow cover, prior to 16 September. This is one of eight snow pits completed in July providing field data to verify the ablation rate. The result of the record ELA and rapid ablation is the largest negative annual balance of Taku Glacier since records began in 1946.

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19

Pelto, M., J. Kavanaugh, and C. McNeil. "Juneau Icefield Mass Balance Program 1946–2011." Earth System Science Data 5, no. 2 (November 15, 2013): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-319-2013.

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Abstract. The annual surface mass balance records of the Lemon Creek Glacier and Taku Glacier observed by the Juneau Icefield Research Program are the longest continuous glacier annual mass balance data sets in North America. Annual surface mass balance (Ba) measured on Taku Glacier averaged +0.40 m a−1 from 1946–1985, and −0.08 m a−1 from 1986–2011. The recent annual mass balance decline has resulted in the cessation of the long-term thickening of the glacier. Mean Ba on Lemon Creek Glacier has declined from −0.30 m a−1 for the 1953–1985 period to −0.60 m a−1 during the 1986–2011 period. The cumulative change in annual surface mass balance is −26.6 m water equivalent, a 29 m of ice thinning over the 55 yr. Snow-pit measurements spanning the accumulation zone, and probing transects above the transient snow line (TSL) on Taku Glacier, indicate a consistent surface mass balance gradient from year to year. Observations of the rate of TSL rise on Lemon Creek Glacier and Taku Glacier indicate a comparatively consistent migration rate of 3.8 to 4.1 m d−1. The relationship between TSL on Lemon Creek Glacier and Taku Glacier to other Juneau Icefield glaciers (Norris, Mendenhall, Herbert, and Eagle) is strong, with correlations exceeding 0.82 in all cases. doi:10.5065/D6NZ85N3

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20

Tkhagapsova, G. G. "Development of medicine and health care in Adygea in the postwar period (1946-1985)." Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2020-12-4-51-59.

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The development of health care in Adygea during the post-war five-year plans is considered. Despite the difficulties of the recovery period, the state considered one of the priority tasks to protect the health of the population. It was necessary not only to restore, but also to improve the quality of diagnostic and medical care in the shortest possible time. In the article the implementation of these tasks by the Adygoblzdrav department has been considered on the basis of the analysis of archival materials. The high rates of construction and expansion of the network of medical institutions in the post-war years in Adygea were demonstrated. Much attention was paid to the organization of specialized assistance. Advances in medical science and technology made it possible to conduct deeper examinations of patients and apply new methods of treatment. It became mandatory for doctors to plan for specialization and professional development. The network of medical institutions was expanding, new ones were being actively put into operation: the regional hospital, children’s, infectious diseases, as well as gynecological, neurosurgical, traumatological, etc. departments. It was concluded that, despite the economic difficulties, the Soviet state paid great attention to protecting the people’s health, considering it one of the most important social functions. This formulation of the problem at the state level and the high responsibility of the regional authorities in the use of state allocations made it possible to build an effective system of medical service in Adygea during the Soviet power era.

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21

Young, C. M., J. L. Cameron, and K. J. Eckelbarger. "Extended Pre-Feeding Period in Planktotrophic Larvae of the Bathyal Echinoid Aspidodiadema Jacobyi." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 69, no. 3 (August 1989): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400031076.

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The long-standing hypothesis (Thorson, 1946, 1950; Mileikovsky, 1971; Jablonski & Lutz, 1983) that deep-sea invertebrates should reproduce by direct development or by non-feeding (lecithotrophic) larvae is beginning to fall in the light of recent data. Traditional reasoning maintained that planktonic food should be limiting at great depths, and that microscopic, ciliated larvae should be incapable of migration to the euphotic zone. However, in recent years, planktotrophic larvae of two deep-sea gastropods have been collected in surface waters, and planktonic larval development has been inferred from shell morphology and chemistry in several other species (Bouchet & Warren, 1979; Killingley & Rex, 1985). Planktonic larvae have also been collected in the water column of the deep sea (Berg et al., 1985; Smith, 1985; Berg & Van Dover, 1987), particularly near hydrothermal vents. Relatively diverse benthopelagic plankton populations relying primarily on suspended detritus for food are now known from the benthic boundary layer of the deep sea (Wishner, 1980a, b; Gowing & Wishner, 1986). Thus, it is increasingly apparent that planktotrophy may be a common option for deep-sea larval development.

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22

Barnes, W. M. "Mapping the World (Sub-title A History of the Directorate of Overseas Surveys 1946–1985)." Survey Review 34, no. 263 (January 1997): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/sre.1997.34.263.61.

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23

Woolridge, Joyce. "A new breed? Some observations about the careers of professional footballers in England, 1946–1985." Soccer & Society 11, no. 5 (September 2010): 522–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2010.497345.

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24

Hogg, Robert S., Martin T. Schechter, Julio SG Montaner, and James C. Hogg. "Asthma Mortality in Canada, 1946 to 1990." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2, no. 1 (1995): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/921501.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of asthma on Canadian mortality rates over a 45-year period.DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study.SETTING: Canada.SUBJECTS: All persons who died from asthma in Canada from 1946 to 1990 as reported to Statistics Canada in Ottawa.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Standardized mortality ratios, age-specific patterns of death, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and life expectancy lost.RESULTS: A total of 12,010 male and 8486 female asthma deaths were recorded in Canada from 1946 to 1990. Mortality rates for both sexes declined from a high of between three to six deaths in 1951 to 1955 to approximately two deaths per 100,000 in 1986 to 1990, with the decline in rates being greater for males than females. Age-specific mortality rates were highest al all ages in 1951 to 1955, except for 15 to 24 years when deaths rates for the 1981 to 1985 period were greater. PYLL exhibit the same pattern as mortality, peaking in 1951 to 1955 and subsequently declining with each period. Loss in life expectancy due to asthma was about one month (not significant) in all time periods.CONCLUSIONS: Asthma mortality rates have declined significantly over the study period. This decline appears to be linked with the convergence of sex-specific rates and with changes in the patterning or age-specific mortality. The impact of asthma on the life expectancy of Canadians is small.

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25

Bonneuil, Noël, and Manuela Martini. "Career Advancement in a Family-Owned French Construction Firm Under Changing Labor Legislation and Market Demand, 1946-1985." Family Business Review 28, no. 1 (September 12, 2013): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486513500304.

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Personnel data from a small French construction firm’s archives were followed up for 1946-1985 to examine family firm employment practices in historical perspective. The firm had limited scope to favor national origin, seniority, or kinship; kin of management were not paid more than nonkin. Event history analysis reveals macroeconomic context and individual qualification as the main variables explaining wage-level changes. The need to respond to market conditions and maintain good labor relations favored skill over seniority and kinship. Ultimately, however, family-style managerial practices failed to link wages to performance, compromising financial stability and contributing to the firm’s demise.

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26

Kohn, Anna, and Berenice M. M. Fernandes. "Estudo comparativo dos helmintos parasitos de peixes do rio Mogi Guassu, coletados nas excursões realizadas entre 1927 e 1985." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 82, no. 4 (December 1987): 483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761987000400006.

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Este trabalho abrange o parasitismo por nematóides, acantocéfalos, trematódeos e cestóides de 1027 peixes pertencentes a 45 espécies do rio Mogi Guassu, examinados nos anos de 1927, 1946, 1947, 1962, 1983 e 1985, como uma contribuição ao conhecimento da fauna parasitária em 58 anos. São relacionadas 32 espécies de nematóides, 21 de trematódeos, três de acantocéfalos e duas de cestóides. São referidos novos hospedeiros para Cucullanus pinnai, Spirocamallanus inopinatus e Travnema travnema, para o trematódeo Pararhipidocotyle jeffersoni e para o acantocéfalo Gorytocephalus spectabilis. São apresentadas medidas adicionais de Creptotrema lynchi, tabelas, gráficos e a lista dos hospedeiros examinados e seus parasitos.

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Nefyodov, D. "Presentation of the Ukrainian SSR working class history of the postwar twenty years (1946–1965) in the Soviet scientific literature of the perestroika period (1985–1991)." Scholarly Works of the Faculty of History, Zaporizhzhia National University 49 (2017): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/swfh-2017-49-044.

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28

Paterne, Martine. "Obituary: Jacques Labeyrie (1920–2011)." Radiocarbon 53, no. 3 (2011): v—vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200034548.

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After more than 50 years dedicated to scientific research and to the dissemination of knowledge, Dr Jacques Labeyrie recently passed away at the age of 91. Upon graduating from the Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielle de la Ville de Paris (1940–43), he became the assistant to Frédéric Joliot-Curie at the Collège de France. With Joliot's recommendation, he was recruited in 1946 to the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), where he stayed until his retirement in 1985. He was named Head of the Section d'Electronique Physique (later known as the Service d'Electronique Physique) of the CEA in 1955, which he managed until 1982.

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Olsson, Karin, Wilhelm Granéli, Jörgen Ripa, and Per Nyström. "Fluctuations in harvest of native and introduced crayfish are driven by temperature and population density in previous years." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 1 (January 2010): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-170.

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The effects of temperature and density on annual fluctuations in catches of large adult crayfish are evaluated using time series analysis. We tested if temperature during different stages of the crayfish life cycle influenced observed catches from 1946 to 2007 in Lake Bunn (Sweden). From 1946 to 1974, native noble crayfish ( Astacus astacus ) inhabited the lake, but then, crayfish plague wiped out the whole population. In 1985, the exotic signal crayfish ( Pacifastacus leniusculus ) was introduced and is still present. This made it possible to model the two species separately and compare how temperature and density influence the abundance of large adult crayfish. The best models indicate that both climatic- and density-dependent factors influence the observed fluctuations and there was a time lag for most factors included in the best models. Winter temperature had the strongest influence on fluctuations of both species. Also, density dependence was included in the best model for both species. Growth season for noble crayfish and temperature during the mating season for signal crayfish were also present in the most parsimonious model. Based on our findings, it is difficult to predict how further climate warming will affect crayfish population dynamics in freshwaters.

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30

Dragert, H. "The fall (and rise) of central Vancouver Island: 1930–1985." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-067.

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Levelled height differences obtained from first-order vertical control surveys between 1930 and 1984 indicate large apparent elevation changes along the east coast of central Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The levelling survey following the 1946 earthquake (M = 7.3) indicated relative subsidence, likely coseismic, of up to 80 mm for the northern third of the 130 km traverse between Comox and Campbell River. Subsequent surveys indicated relative uplifts within this region at rates averaging 1 mm/year (1946–1977) and 5 mm/year (1977–1984). Tilting along a 90 km traverse across central Vancouver Island between Gold River and Campbell River is not well defined because of uncalibrated magnetic errors present in the 1976–1978 baseline data. Minimal estimates indicate a possible average uplift rate of 1–2 mm/year for the east coast region with respect to the outer coast between 1976 and 1985.Taken at face value, these data are consistent with the crustal deformation sequence expected for an earthquake cycle. The coseismic subsidence has been followed by gradual postseismic recovery totalling 30 mm over 30 years. The apparent recent acceleration of this uplift rate to 5 mm/year could mark a stage of more rapid strain accumulation prior to a seismic event. The sense of tilting, principally upwards to the northwest, is difficult to reconcile with two-dimensional, northeast subduction. If this tilting is being generated at depths directly by the subduction process, it implies that the northern part of the survey area overlies a locked or currently more resistive subduction zone. Alternatively, elastic strain accumulation within the crust across the Beaufort Range (or a subparallel) fault preceding right-lateral strike-slip rupture could also lead to the observed tilt pattern.

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Doner, H. E., R. G. Amundson, and B. Lilieholm. "Comparison of Se and As concentrations in soils of the western San Joaquin valley, California: 1946–1985." Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 3, no. 3 (January 1989): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15324988909381208.

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32

Fleming, Robert J., Samuel P. Graci, and Joel E. Thompson. "THE DAWNING OF THE AGE OF QUANTITATIVE/EMPIRICAL METHODS IN ACCOUNTING RESEARCH: EVIDENCE FROM THE LEADING AUTHORS OF THE ACCOUNTING REVIEW, 1966–1985." Accounting Historians Journal 27, no. 1 (June 1, 2000): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.27.1.43.

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This study documents changes that took place in The Accounting Review during 1966–1985 compared with earlier 20-year periods, 1926–1945 and 1946–1965. The comparisons are based on examining the articles published in The Accounting Review and written by its leading authors (i.e., those authors who published the most articles). The article considers topics, research methods, financial accounting subtopics, citation analyses (including influential journals, articles, books, and authors), length, author background, and other items. This study shows that The Accounting Review evolved into a journal with demanding acceptance standards whose leading authors were highly educated accounting academics who, to a large degree, brought methods and tools from other disciplines to bear upon accounting issues.

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33

Teixeira, Marco Antonio. "DIMENSÕES DA MEMÓRIA DA REPRESSÃO POLÍTICA NO CAMPO." Raízes: Revista de Ciências Sociais e Econômicas 37, no. 1 (June 28, 2017): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37370/raizes.2017.v37.50.

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O artigo analisa a maneira como trabalhadores rurais, seus familiares e atores envolvidos nos conflitos sociais no campo fluminense se lembram e narram as memórias sobre a repressão política que os atingiu durante a ditadura civil-militar no Brasil (1964-1985). Esta reflexão se baseou nos dados da pesquisa Conflitos e repressão no campo no estado do Rio de Janeiro (1946-1988), financiada pela FAPERJ e voltada para auxiliar os trabalhos da CEV-Rio. A análise feita aqui buscou destacar as variadas maneiras como as memórias sobre os conflitos e repressão foram narradas pelos diferentes atores que viven- ciaram alguns dos eventos traumáticos da ditadura iniciada no Brasil em 1964.

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Whissell, Cynthia. "The Trend toward more Attractive and Informative Titles: American Psychologist 1946–2010." Psychological Reports 110, no. 2 (April 2012): 427–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/17.28.pr0.110.2.427-444.

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Titles of journal articles serve to attract attention and inform potential readers. All titles from 65 volumes of American Psychologist (1946–2010, N = 12,313 titles) were studied in terms of their emotionality, style, and contents. Several trends noted for titles in different kinds of journals from psychology and other disciplines were present in American Psychologist (increasing title length, increasing use of punctuation marks, increasing employment of words with pleasant and arousing connotations, variations in the frequency of different content words). Longer titles allow authors to specify more information, and emotionally upbeat titles are more likely to attract reader attention. In an unexpected quadratic trend, titles became more abstract and the number of titles increased until about 1985, after which the trend was reversed and titles became more concrete as their numbers decreased. Predictors of this trend include societal variables and the journal's editorial policies.

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Potemkina, T. G., and V. L. Potemkin. "Actual inflow of riverine sediment load into Lake Baikal: main tributaries the Selenga, Upper Angara, and Barguzin Rivers (Russia)." Limnology and Freshwater Biology, no. 1 (2021): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2021-a-1-1111.

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Abstract. The sediment load delivery into Lake Baikal from its main tributaries the Selenga, Upper Angara, and Barguzin Rivers has been reduced since the mid-1970s. This is explained by climate change and socioeconomic activities. Integrated analysis of changes in hydro-meteorological parameters (water discharge, sediment load, air temperature, precipitation) and their trends over the period 1946 1975 (baseline) and 1976 2017 (warming) is performed. Changes in natural processes and human activity were negligible during the baseline period. During the warming period, the greatest reduction of the sediment load inflow against the background of temperature rise and precipitation decrease occurred in the interval between 1996 and 2017 in the Selenga River, between 1985 and 2017 in the Upper Angara River, and between 1992 and 2017 in the Barguzin River. The flux of the sediment load into these rivers was 768 103, 88 103, and 29 103 t y 1, respectively. This is 2 3 times less than the average multiyear values for all period of 1946 2017, which are usually used when characterizing sediment load runoff from these rivers. Currently the values in the given intervals correspond to the actual sediment load flux into Lake Baikal from the main tributaries.

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Aurov, Oleg. "La traducción rusa del fuero de León en el contexto del medievalismo tardosoviético." Cuadernos de Historia del Derecho 26 (October 14, 2019): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cuhd.66023.

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El presente trabajo persigue analizar la historia de aparición de la traducción comentada rusa del Fuero de León, realizada por los investigadores soviéticos Sergei Chervonov (1955-1988) y Olga Variaš (1946-2003) en el año 1985. Las causas de aparecer de la traducción citada se explican no solamente por el contexto de relaciones diplomáticas y culturales entre España y la URSS (restaurados en el año 1977), pero también por los factores específicos que pertenecieron al terreno del medievalismo soviético. La influencia de los principios básicos del marxismo tárdosoviético parece muy sensible en el carácter de la traducción y especialmente en el comentario. Pero la gran calidad técnica de la obra se explica el hecho que el Fuero de León ruso conserva su importancia científica en nuestros días.

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Schulthess, Peter. "Rezension von: Nancy Amendt-Lyon (Hrsg.). (2017). Zeitlose Erfahrung. Laura Perls’ unveröffentlichte Notizbücher und literarische Texte 1946–1985." Kultur, Religion und Psychotherapie, hg. von Mario Schlegel und Nicola Gianinazzi 9, no. 1 (April 2019): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/1664-9583-2019-1-87.

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Magnússon, E., J. M. C. Belart, F. Pálsson, H. Ágústsson, and P. Crochet. "Geodetic mass balance record with rigorous uncertainty estimates deduced from aerial photographs and LiDAR data – case study from Drangajökull ice cap, NW-Iceland." Cryosphere Discussions 9, no. 5 (September 9, 2015): 4733–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-9-4733-2015.

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Abstract. In this paper we describe how recent high resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) can be used as constraints for extracting glacier surface DEMs from old aerial photographs and to evaluate the uncertainty of the mass balance record derived from the DEMs. We present a case study for Drangajökull ice cap, NW-Iceland. This ice cap covered an area of 144 km2 when it was surveyed with airborne LiDAR in 2011. Aerial photographs spanning all or most of the ice cap are available from survey flights in 1946, 1960, 1975, 1985, 1994 and 2005. All ground control points used to constrain the orientation of the aerial photographs were obtained from the high resolution LiDAR DEM (2 m × 2 m cell size and vertical accuracy < 0.5 m). The LiDAR DEM was also used to estimate errors of the extracted photogrammetric DEMs in ice and snow free areas, at nunataks and outside the glacier margin. The derived errors of each DEM were used to constrain a spherical variogram model, which along with the derived errors in ice and snow free areas were used as inputs into 1000 Sequential Gaussian Simulations (SGSim). The simulations were used to estimate the possible bias in the entire glaciated part of the DEM. The derived bias correction, varying in magnitude between DEMs from 0.03 to 1.66 m (1946 DEM) was then applied. The simulation results were also used to calculate the 95 % confidence level of this bias, resulting in values between ±0.21 m (in 2005) and ±1.58 m (in 1946). Error estimation methods based on more simple proxies would typically yield 2–4 times larger error estimates. The aerial photographs used were acquired between late June and early October. An additional bias correction was therefore estimated using a degree day model to obtain the volume change between the start of two hydrological years (1 October). This correction corresponds to an average elevation change of ~ −3 m in the worst case for 1960, or about ~ 2/3 of volume change between the 1960 and the 1975 DEMs. The total uncertainty of the derived mass balance record is mostly due to uncertainty of the SGSim bias correction, the uncertainty of the seasonal bias correction and the uncertainty of the interpolated glacier surface where data is lacking. The record shows a glacier-wide mass balance rate of Ḃ = −0.250 ± 0.040 m w.e. a−1 for the entire study period (1946–2011). We observe significant decadal variability including positive periods, peaking in 1985–1994 with Ḃ = 0.26 ± 0.11 m w.e. a−1. There is a striking difference if Ḃ is calculated separately for the western and eastern halves of Drangajökull, with a reduction of eastern part on average ~ 3 times faster than the western part. Our study emphasises the need of applying rigorous geostatistical methods for obtaining uncertainty estimates of geodetic mass balance, the importance of seasonal corrections of DEMs from glaciers with high mass turnover and the risk of extrapolating mass balance record from one glacier to another even over short distances.

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Magnússon, E., J. Muñoz-Cobo Belart, F. Pálsson, H. Ágústsson, and P. Crochet. "Geodetic mass balance record with rigorous uncertainty estimates deduced from aerial photographs and lidar data – Case study from Drangajökull ice cap, NW Iceland." Cryosphere 10, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-159-2016.

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Abstract. In this paper we describe how recent high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) can be used to extract glacier surface DEMs from old aerial photographs and to evaluate the uncertainty of the mass balance record derived from the DEMs. We present a case study for Drangajökull ice cap, NW Iceland. This ice cap covered an area of 144 km2 when it was surveyed with airborne lidar in 2011. Aerial photographs spanning all or most of the ice cap are available from survey flights in 1946, 1960, 1975, 1985, 1994 and 2005. All ground control points used to constrain the orientation of the aerial photographs were obtained from the high-resolution lidar DEM. The lidar DEM was also used to estimate errors of the extracted photogrammetric DEMs in ice- and snow-free areas, at nunataks and outside the glacier margin. The derived errors of each DEM were used to constrain a spherical semivariogram model, which along with the derived errors in ice- and snow-free areas were used as inputs into 1000 sequential Gaussian simulations (SGSims). The simulations were used to estimate the possible bias in the entire glaciated part of the DEM and the 95 % confidence level of this bias. This results in bias correction varying in magnitude between 0.03 m (in 1975) and 1.66 m (in 1946) and uncertainty values between ±0.21 m (in 2005) and ±1.58 m (in 1946). Error estimation methods based on more simple proxies would typically yield 2–4 times larger error estimates. The aerial photographs used were acquired between late June and early October. An additional seasonal bias correction was therefore estimated using a degree-day model to obtain the volume change between the start of 2 glaciological years (1 October). This correction was largest for the 1960 DEM, corresponding to an average elevation change of −3.5 m or approx. three-quarters of the volume change between the 1960 and the 1975 DEMs. The total uncertainty of the derived mass balance record is dominated by uncertainty in the volume changes caused by uncertainties of the SGSim bias correction, the seasonal bias correction and the interpolation of glacier surface where data are lacking. The record shows a glacier-wide mass balance rate of Ḃ = −0.26 ± 0.04 m w.e. a−1 for the entire study period (1946–2011). We observe significant decadal variability including periods of mass gain, peaking in 1985–1994 with Ḃ = 0.27 ± 0.11 m w.e. a−1. There is a striking difference when Ḃ is calculated separately for the western and eastern halves of Drangajökull, with a reduction of eastern part on average ∼ 3 times faster than the western part. Our study emphasizes the need for applying rigorous geostatistical methods for obtaining uncertainty estimates of geodetic mass balance, the importance of seasonal corrections of DEMs from glaciers with high mass turnover and the risk of extrapolating mass balance record from one glacier to another even over short distances.

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Luchin, Vladimir A., and Vladimir I. Matveev. "Interannual variability of thermal state of the cold subsurface layer in the Okhotsk Sea." Izvestiya TINRO 187, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2016-187-205-216.

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Long-term variability of the cold subsurface water (CSW) in the Okhotsk Sea is analyzed on the base of all available oceanographic data collected in March through August of 1946-2015 (total 65,742 stations). The Integral Heat Content (IHC) is calculated for each station and average annual IHC anomalies of the cold subsurface water are determined by month and by 2-degree grid. The IHC anomaly series are analyzed using the EOF analysis. Cycles with period of approximately 30 years are revealed in the variations of the subsurface layer heat content. Thus, in the 1946-1950, its temperature decreased, but it grew since 2009-2010 to 2015. The warming of CSW was also observed in the 1951-1964 and 1978-1994, while the cooling was in the 1965-1977 and 1995-2008. Based on this criterion, the CSW thermal condition in certain years is classified as «extremely cold» in 2001, as «cold» in 1949, 1950, 1951, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1999, 2000, 2010, 2012, as «normal» in 1946, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1961, 1962, 1965, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, as «warm» in 1948, 1956, 1964, 1968, 1974, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2015, and as «extremely warm» in 1963. Statistically significant correlation is found between changes of the CSW thermal conditions and long-term variations of atmosphere and ocean climate indices, as well as local patterns of the atmosphere-ice-ocean interaction in the Okhotsk Sea and adjacent onshore and offshore areas of Asia and the Pacific Ocean.

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Hoare, Graham. "R. L. Goodstein and mathematical logic." Mathematical Gazette 97, no. 540 (November 2013): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200000139.

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Born in London, Reuben Louis Goodstein (1912-1985) completed his secondary education at St Paul's School and in 1931 proceeded to Magdalene College, Cambridge, with a Major Open Scholarship to read mathematics. He graduated in 1933 having taken firsts in Parts I and II of the Mathematical Tripos. From 1933 to 1935 his research on transfinite numbers was supervised by Professor J. E. Littlewood. He took a MSc and left Cambridge in 1935 to take up an appointment as lecturer in pure and applied mathematics at Reading University, a position he held until late 1947. While undertaking a strenuous teaching load at Reading his research interests were developing and for this work he received a PhD from the University of London in 1946, which was supervised by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein.

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Domingues, Heloisa Maria Bertol. "Heloisa Alberto Torres e o inquérito nacional sobre ciências naturais e antropológicas, 1946." Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas 5, no. 3 (December 2010): 625–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1981-81222010000300005.

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O objetivo do trabalho é analisar um documento elaborado pela então diretora do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Heloisa Alberto Torres (1895-1977), que propôs fazer um estudo sobre o estado das ciências naturais e da antropologia com a finalidade de reestruturar a pesquisa científica em função do desenvolvimento econômico, político e social do Brasil. O documento foi enviado ao reitor da Universidade do Brasil, Pedro Calmon (1902-1985), em 1946, ao fim do Estado Novo e da Segunda Guerra Mundial, quando a diretora foi reempossada no cargo que exercia desde 1938. De acordo com o documento, o papel político das ciências naturais e da antropologia deveria ser exercido nos marcos teóricos da Ecologia, que se chocavam, no entanto, com as demandas políticas de exploração desmedida dos recursos naturais. As ideias da diretora do Museu Nacional acabaram por se limitar a projetos institucionais, levados a efeito pela política internacional de cooperação científica, que facilitou a circulação dos cientistas e beneficiou a pesquisa com financiamento interno e externo.

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Wolff, Konrad. "E. A. Bennett, Meetings with Jung. Conversations recorded during the years 1946-1961. Dairnon Verlag, Zürich 1985. 125 Seiten." Gesnerus 43, no. 3-4 (November 21, 1986): 338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0430304029.

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SOSA, FRANCISCO, and SERGIO DE FREITAS. "A new synonym, a new male description and new geographical records for three Ceraeochrysa species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." Zootaxa 2913, no. 1 (June 10, 2011): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2913.1.5.

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Ceraeochrysa Adams is the largest genus in Chrysopini with 62 valid species distributed in the New World. The taxonomy of this group is complex and largely based on male genitalic characters. There are still serious complications, especially with the species that have been described solely from female specimens. The male of C. montoyana (Navás, 1913), unknown previously, is herein described for the first time, and compared with its closest relative, C. claveri (Navás, 1911). Ceraeochrysa acutipuppis Adams & Penny, 1985 is designated as a junior synonym of C. fairchildi (Banks, 1946) based on the evidence that both species share external morphological features uncommon in other species of the genus. The species C. claveri, C. fairchildi and C. montoyana are recorded from Venezuela for the first time. External morphology and genitalia of these insects are described and illustrated.

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Gáspár, Ferenc. "A Somogyvármegyei Berzsenyi Irodalmi Társaság története 1904–1909." Kaposvári Rippl-Rónai Múzeum Közleményei, no. 7 (2020): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26080/krrmkozl.2020.7.233.

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The Berzsenyi Literary society (as it is called to-day: Dániel Berzsenyi society of Literature and Art) was re-established three times (in 1925, 1946 and 1985) after its foundation in 1904. The publications elaborating the history of the society deal exclusively with the presentation of the periods following the re-establishments, and merely mention, but do not reveal thoroughly the history of the early years of 1904-1909. The aim of the author of the present publication is to eliminate these deficiencies (to a considerable degree by making use of the contemporary local press coverage). In doing so, the study touches upon the relationship between the Berzsenyi freemason lodge of Kaposvár and the Literary society, which relationship gave rise to suspicion among the general public and thus hindered the expansion of member-ship and the efficacy of functioning.

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Pontes, Renata. "Representaciones culturales de América Latina y Caribe un análisis de La música en Cuba de Alejo Carpentier." ÍSTMICA. Revista de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, no. 19 (November 29, 2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/istmica.19.2.

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En este análisis de La música en Cuba (1946), de Alejo Carpentier, discutimos la inclusión del afrocubanismo en la conformación de la música y la cultura cubana, en conexión con los debates del nacionalismo y del vanguardismo. Tanto en este libro como en la literatura de Carpentier resuena su visión del tiempo y el concepto de lo real maravilloso, relacionados con la «autenticidad» de América Latina. Al mismo tiempo, su posición sobre las tareas del escritor latinoamericano gana acento particular cuando la música se convierte en el principal elemento para forjar la nacionalidad. Esta obra, que propone el arte musical como la clave de la «originalidad» de la cultura cubana, también permite analizar el papel que cumplen los intelectuales, en una época en que la literatura “asumía un puesto central dentro de las fuerzas componentes de la cultura del país o de la región” (Ángel Rama, 1985).

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Schoofs, Kim, and Dorien Van De Mieroop. "Adjusting to new “truths”." Narrative Inquiry 29, no. 2 (October 16, 2019): 268–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.19020.sch.

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Abstract In this article, we study the diachronic (re)construction of repeated WWII-testimonies. Specifically, we scrutinize how shifting master narratives in the social context may affect how stories are told in a particular time and place. We selected testimonies by two Belgian concentration camp survivors – one Flemish and one Walloon – who both wrote down their story twice, namely in 1946 and 1985. By comparing the “same” diachronically dispersed stories – thus addressing the temporal dimension – and the differences in the narrators’ regional background – thus incorporating the spatial dimension – we study how overlapping and differing storytelling environments influenced the narratives’ construction. In the analyses, we adopt an interactional-sociolinguistic approach to illustrate the storytelling environments’ influence upon the story formulations and the relativity of what is presented as the “truth”, since the narrators continuously adjusted their stories and identities to fit with the ever-evolving storytelling context.

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Garcia, Alessandro Barreta, Rui Anderson Costa Monteiro, Almir De França Ferraz, Erinaldo Luiz de Andrade, and Aylton Figueira Junior. "A temática saúde nos documentos internacionais sobre esporte e lazer entre os anos de 1964 e 1985." Revista Sustinere 9 (March 25, 2021): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/sustinere.2021.50715.

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O tema saúde sempre suscitou curiosidades de muitos pesquisadores. Sendo ela uma temática de grande importância, diferentes trabalhos são expostos com variados pontos de vistas e críticas. Na área da educação física não é diferente, e essa discussão se arrasta por muitos anos em um cenário de rediscussão constante. Nesse contexto, muitas críticas acabam por surgir, uma delas é a ideia de que a saúde não foi amplamente debatida no período dos governos militares e pouco havia de documentação a esse respeito. A pergunta de partida do presente estudo é: não havia uma preocupação mais ampla com a saúde, bem como, documentos que tratassem dessa temática no âmbito da educação física escolar e do esporte? O objetivo da pesquisa consistiu em identificar, analisar e sintetizar documentos relacionados à saúde com ênfase no esporte e lazer/educação física brasileira no período de 1964 a 1985. Os documentos utilizados a partir da indicação da bibliografia do professor Manoel Gomes Tubino. A análise dos documentos fundou-se no item “conteúdos sobre saúde” à luz do conceito de saúde de 1946. Foi possível entender que as práticas esportivas na sociedade e na escola estavam alinhadas aos ideais de prevenção da saúde por meio do desenvolvimento dos aspectos físico, social e mental. Dessa forma, os resultados parecem contradizer o pensamento de parcos documentos abordando o fomento à saúde no período de 1964-1985, seja na escola ou na sociedade de forma geral.

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Kelly, John S., and John H. Horlock. "Walter Laing Macdonald Perry KT OBE, Baron Perry of Walton. 21 June 1921 – 17 July 2003." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 50 (January 2004): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2004.0015.

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Lord Perry of Walton died suddenly on 17 July 2003, at the age of 82 years. Walter Laing Macdonald Perry was a native of Dundee, educated at Morgan Academy Dundee, Ayr Academy, Dundee High School and St Andrews University (MB ChB, MD and DSc), winning the Rutherford Silver Medal for his MD thesis and the Sykes Gold Medal for his DSc thesis. After Casualty Officer and House Surgeon posts in 1943–44, he served as a Medical Officer in the Colonial Medical Service in Nigeria in 1944–46, then briefly as a Medical Officer in the RAF, 1946–47, before embarking on a scientific career on the staff of the Medical Research Council at the National Institute for Medical Research from 1947 to 1958, serving as Director of the Department of Biological Standards from 1952 to 1958. Professionally, he achieved MRCP (Ed) in 1963 and was elected FRCPE in 1967, FRCP in 1978, FRSE in 1960 and FRS in 1985.

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Wikström, Jussi. "An acoustic study of the RP English LOT and THOUGHT vowels." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 43, no. 1 (April 2013): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100312000345.

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While there is variation among existing impressionistic accounts where the description of the RP English LOT and THOUGHT vowels is concerned (compare Wells 1982 (vol. I), Collins & Mees 2003, Roach 2004, Cruttenden 2008), not much attention has been paid to this issue in acoustic studies of RP (e.g. Wells 1962, Deterding 1990, Hawkins & Midgley 2005). In the present study, seven female native speakers of RP or near-RP born between 1985 and 1993 (i.e. speakers aged between 18 and 25 years at the time of the study) were recorded saying English words containing monophthongal vowels. In addition, data consisting of read speech from 18 male native speakers of RP or near-RP born between 1983 and 1991 (i.e. speakers aged between 18 and 25 years at the time they were recorded) contained in the DyViS database (Nolan et al. 2009) were analysed. The data were analysed acoustically by measuring F1 and F2 and normalising the measurements according to Lobanov's (1971) formula along with the mean F1 and F2 frequencies reported in Wells (1962), Deterding (1990) and Hawkins & Midgley (2005). Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the F1 formant measurements of the seven female speakers and the 18 male speakers versus Hawkins & Midgley's speakers born between 1946 and 1951; mean F1 was higher for the speakers born between 1946 and 1951. As for the THOUGHT vowel, the F1 measurements overlapped with the means relating to all different age groups in Hawkins & Midgley's (2005) data. It is suggested that RP LOT is undergoing raising whereas there is no strong evidence of any shift of the THOUGHT vowel.

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Journal articles on the topic '1946-1985'

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