Academic literature on the topic '1924-1987 Criticism and interpretation'

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Journal articles on the topic "1924-1987 Criticism and interpretation"

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Mondry, H. "Glasnost in Soviet literary criticism: current debates on the Russian national character (1988-1990)." Literator 12, no. 3 (May 6, 1991): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v12i3.783.

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Re-evaluation of the cultural heritage of the past has been an integral part of Soviet literary criticism. From 1987 up to the present, literary criticism has played a leading role in the promotion of the economic, social and political reforms of perestroika. Literary critics use the methodology of social deconstruction in the interpretation of the literary texts of the past, actualising the problematics of the texts in accordance with their relevance to contemporary Soviet issues.
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Kholis Sofiah, Asri Nur, and Ajid Hakim. "Sejarah PLTA Lamajan Pangalengan Sebagai Situs Peninggalan Belanda di Kabupaten Bandung Tahun 1925." Historia Madania: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah 4, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hm.v4i1.9192.

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This study aims to determine how the history of the Lamajan Hydroelectric Power in 1925, both in terms of the geographical, demographic conditions of Pangalengan and also the components that still exist in Lamajan. Lamajan is a Dutch hydroelectric power plant (PLTA) which was built in 1924 in Pangalengan, Bandung and has been operating since 1925. Lamajan has three generator units, the engine used by Lamajan supplied from the Dutch factories Heemaf and Smit Slikkerveer, initiated by V.H Willem Smith & Co. and R.W.H. Hofstede Crull. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, namely by collecting data through literature and documentation. This method is carried out through four stages namely, heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study show this hydroelectric power plant was built during the Dutch colonial era in 1920-1924 and operated in 1925. This power plant was initially built by a Dutch engineer named Willem Beyerinc K. for the electricity needs of sugar factories but over time was used to illuminate the area of Bandung and its surroundings, this power plant utilizes the flow of water from the Cisarua and Cisangkuy rivers.
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Marley, Jodie. "‘Invisible Gates Would Open’." Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 98, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/bjrl.98.1.4.

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Yeats’s Blake criticism of the 1890s hinged on his knowledge of the esoteric and occult systems that he used as his framework for interpretation of the Romantic poet. This article examines The Works of William Blake: Poetic, Symbolic, and Critical (1893) and Yeats’s 1890s reviews of his contemporary Blake critics, as well as his relationship with the mystic poet and artist George William Russell (Æ), whom he repeatedly compared to Blake. Yeats’s emphasis on the importance of Boehme and Swedenborg in Blake’s system had a major influence on Blake’s critical legacy in the twentieth century, such as S. Foster Damon’s approach to Blake in William Blake: His Philosophy and Symbols (1924) and Kathleen Raine’s Blake and Tradition (1969). Yeats’s engagement with Blake in the 1890s also contributed to the popular conception of Blake as a mystic and visionary artist which still continues.
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Babak, Galina. "AHAPII SHAMRAI IN SEARCH OF SYNTHETIC THEORY OF LITERATURE: 1920s." Слово і Час, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2022.03.28-44.

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This article reconstructs the theoretical views of a literary historian and critic Ahapii Pylypovych Shamrai (1896—1952) in the context of perception of Oleksandr Potebnia’s philological and linguistic heritage — and at the same time in the context of the development of the formal method and sociological approach in Ukrainian literary criticism in the 1920s. The study offers a detailed analysis of Shamrai’s early work “O. Potebnia and the methodology of the history of literature” (1924) in the connection with Russian formalists’ critical approach to Potebnia’s theoretical ideas. In his early work, Shamrai calls for a rethinking of Potebnia’s theory of the ‘inner form of the word’ and some of his other ideas, which, in his opinion, could be the basement for the further development of Ukrainian and Russian literary theory. Particular attention is paid to the study of a reader (audience) as a major component of literary analysis and interpretation. The idea of ‘studying a reader’ was crucial when Ukrainian scholars tried to combine two theoretical approaches — the formal and sociological methods. One of the best examples of such ‘synthetism’ in Ukrainian literary studies of the 1920s was Shamrai’s textbook “Ukrainian Literature. Brief overview” (1927, 1928), which is discussed in this article. The paper also argues that “synthetism” was inherent to the Ukrainian literary criticism of the 1920s in general. It was a theoretical framework used by many Ukrainian literary scholars, Oleksandr Biletskyi and Borys Jakubskyi being among them. Providing a historical context for Shamrai’s theories, the article also examines the historical and philological ideas of his older contemporary Oleksandr Biletskyi and estimates their influence on the development of Ukrainian literary criticism of that time
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Nugraha, Farhan, Muhammad Fakhruddin, and Humaidi Humaidi. "Mahbub Djunaidi, Seniman Politik Nahdlatul Ulama (1960-1987)." Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah 10, no. 2 (August 23, 2021): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jc.v10i2.13609.

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Abstrak: Nahdlatul Ulama merupakan salah satu organisasi Islam terbesar di Indonesia. Organisasi ini lahir tentu dari para tokoh-tokoh besar yang menggawanginya, salah satunya Mahbud Djunaidi. Kemampuan politiknya diperoleh dari berbagai pengalaman organisasi dan kemampuan dalam kepenulisan. Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana riwayat politik Mahbub Djunaidi sebagai aktivis politik Nahdlatul Ulama pada tahun 1960-1987. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan perjalanan politik Mahbub Djunaidi (1960-1987). Berdasarkan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian tersebut, maka metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis yang terdiri dari tahap heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahbub Djunaidi memiliki konsep khittah plus. Demokrasi politik ala Mahbub Djunaidi adalah cita-cita demokrasi yang diperjuangkan melalui garis politik.Kata Kunci: Mahbub Djunaidi, Demokrasi Politik, Nahdlatul Ulama.Abstract: Nahdlatul Ulama is one of the largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia. This organization was born of course from the big figures who oversee it, one of them Mahbud Djunaidi. His political abilities are obtained from various organizational experiences and abilities in writing. The problem raised in this research is how the political history of Mahbub Djunaidi as a political activist of Nahdlatul Ulama in 1960-1987. Based on these problems, this study aims to describe the political journey of Mahbub Djunaidi (1960-1987). Based on the problems and objectives of the research, the method used is the historical method which consists of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography stages. The results of the study show that Mahbub Djunaidi has the concept of khittah plus. Political democracy in the style of Mahbub Djunaidi is the ideal of democracy which is fought for through political lines. Keywords: Mahbub Djunaidi, Political Democracy, Nahdlatul Ulama.
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Milanowicz, Anna, and Piotr Kałowski. "Zing Zing Bang Bang: How Do You Know What She Really Meant. Gender Bias in Response to Irony: The Role of Who is Speaking to Whom." Psychology of Language and Communication 20, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/plc-2016-0014.

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Abstract Literature points towards the role of context in irony interpretation and the existence of gender differences in language use. We decided to examine the influence of interlocutors’ gender stereotypes on interpreting and reacting to ironic criticism in conversation. To this end, we designed two experiments gathering participants’ responses to the same ironic utterances voiced both by women and by men in control and gender stereotype activation conditions. Results of the first experiment showed that women tended to use irony significantly more often when responding to a man than to another woman. The second, ongoing experiment will additionally examine participants’ response times and total time of utterance in respect to their addressee’s gender. The results are discussed with regard to the social comparison theory (Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, & Wetherell, 1987) and the linguistic intergroup bias theory (Wigboldus & Douglas, 2007).
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Regina, Adisthy, and Andi Suwirta. "KIPRAH SUDHARMONO DALAM SEJARAH GOLONGAN KARYA (1983-1988)." FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/factum.v7i2.15600.

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The main problem discussed in this study, “how was the role of Sudharmono in leading the Golongan Karya (1983-1988)”. The research method used was the historical method including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Based on result’s study, Sudharmono was Soeharto’s right-hand man in New Order’s era. This proven with the candidacy of Sudharmono as Golkar Chairman from 1983-1988, that was directly elected by Soeharto. Sudharmono was a figure who contributed to Golkar’s progress in the New Order (1983-1988). Sudharmono was a Chairman from civilian,however, he could take Golkar to maximum advancement. These advancements were made because Sudharmono had taken formal and non-formal education with tremendously well. His great accomplishments made Sudharmono become a figurewho could work more. Sudharmono has made Golkar better through his policy called Tri Sukses Golkar, such as Sukses Konsolidasi, Sukses Repelita IV and Sukses Pemilu 1987, as well as General Assembly of MPR 1988. The policy that made by Sudharmonohave connectedness because if consolidation succeeded, it would affect success for other policy namely Repelita and the General Election of 1987. A great victory of Golkar in General Election of 1987, had succeeded made Sudharmono became the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia in 1988. This accomplishment became a threat to Soeharto because he could replace him from the presidency position. To prevent such action, Soeharto forbade Sudharmono to proposed back to became Golkar’s Chairman for 1988-1993 period.
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Munawar, Lutfa, Mahbub Hefdzil Akbar, and Widiati Isana. "Aktivitas K.H. Sholeh Abdul Hafidz dalam Mengembangkan Dakwah Islam di Kecamatan Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang Tahun 1957-1987." Historia Madania: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah 4, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hm.v4i1.9190.

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The dissemination of Islamic da'wah in the area of Rancakalong District, Sumedang Regency, began in 1957. At the time, a kiai (Islamic scholar) came from the southern Sumedang aiming to spread the Islamic da'wah in Rancakalong District. Before his arrival, The religious conditions of Rancakalong people are not so prominent. Although at that time, the mosques already existed in several places, but there was no religious leader who could guide the community yet to be able to prosper the mosque and other forms of religious activities. The was called K.H. Sholeh Abdul Hafidz. This study uses qualitative methods, namely data collection through interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique is done by the heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicate that K.H. Sholeh Abdul Hafidz came to Rancakalong in 1957. The initial step of the preaching carried out by K.H. Sholeh Abdul Hafidz, began with his approach to the young and the old group of the community. The contribution form of his da'wah in Rancakalong District consisted of the establishment of the Bunsiari Islamic Boarding School I, then the Majelis Taklim of Bunsiari Islamic Boarding School I, and four Madrasa Diniyah Takmiliyah which were founded by K.H. Sholeh Abdul Hafidz’schildren.
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Wardana, Wahyu, Najamuddin Najamuddin, Amirullah Amirullah, and Patahuddin Patahuddin. "Perjuangan Hasan Al-Banna Mengembalikan Kejayaan Khilafah (1924-1949)." JURNAL PATTINGALLOANG 9, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jp.v9i2.25165.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang perjuangan Hasan Al-Banna, bentuk perjuangan Hasan Al-Bannna mengembalikan kejayaan khilafah hingga dampak dari perjuangan Hasan Al-Banna mengembalikan kejayaan Khilafah. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan penelitian pustaka melalui buku-buku atau literatur terkait dengan obyek yang diteliti atau dokumen pendukung seperti jurnal dan artikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasan Al-Banna adalah tokoh Islam kontemporer yang mempunyai visi besar terhadap umat Islam khususnya di Mesir. Dimana, saat runtuhnya Khilafah Turki Usmani tanggal 3 Maret 1924 yang menyebabkan munculnya persoalan kaum muslimin mulai dari kolonialisme, konflik di Negara Dunia Ketiga, persoalan ekonomi, politik dan sosial budaya. Dalam kondisi Mesir inilah Hasan Al-Banna memulai pembaharuannya, melalui dakwah-dakwah yang dilakukakannya bersama organisasi yang didirikannya yaitu Ikhwanul Muslimin, organisasi yang didirikan sebagai wadah perjuangan Hasan al-Banna bersama sahabat-sahabatnya dalam melancarkan risalah dakwah. Dampak dari adanya kegigihan dan perjuangannya yang kemudian membuat organisasi ini menjelma sebagai kekuatan politik yang dikagumi di Mesir dan dunia Arab. Akhir dari penelitian, disimpulan bahwa Hasan Al-Banna melalui organisasi dakwah yang didirikannya dengan segala kegigihannya telah berjuang untuk menegakkan agama Islam. Hasan Al-Banna menghabiskan hidupnya hanya untuk berdakwah untuk memperjuangkan syariat Islam agar dapat Jaya kembali.Kata Kunci : Perjuangan, Hasan Al-Banna, Ikhwanul MusliminAbtract This study aims to determine the background of Hasan Al-Banna's struggle, the form of Hasan Al-Bannna's struggle to restore the glory of the Caliphate to the impact of Hasan Al-Banna's struggle to restore the glory of the Caliphate. This research is descriptive analytic using historical research methods, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The method of data collection is done by conducting library research through books or literature related to the object under study or supporting documents such as journals and articles. The results show that Hasan Al-Banna is a contemporary Islamic figure who has a great vision for Muslims, especially in Egypt. Where, when the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate on March 3, 1924 which led to the emergence of problems for Muslims ranging from colonialism, conflicts in Third World Countries, economic, political and socio-cultural issues. It was in this Egyptian condition that Hasan Al-Banna began his renewal, through the da'wah he carried out with the organization he founded, namely the Muslim Brotherhood, an organization founded as a forum for Hasan al-Banna's struggle with his friends in launching a message of da'wah. It was the impact of his persistence and struggle that later made this organization transformed into a political force admired in Egypt and the Arab world. At the end of the study, it was concluded that Hasan Al-Banna through the da'wah organization he founded with all his tenacity had struggled to uphold the religion of Islam. Hasan Al-Banna spent his life just preaching to fight for Islamic law in order to get Jaya back.Keywords: Struggle, Hasan Al-Banna, Ikhwanul Muslimim
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Hollander, Samuel. "On Composition of Demand and Income Distribution In Classical Economics." History of Economics Society Bulletin 11, no. 2 (1989): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1042771600005949.

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In several reviews of my Classical Economics (1987; henceforth CE) a criticism recurs relating to my proposition that distribution in Ricardian economics is dependent upon the pattern of final demand. Anthony Brewer, who is convinced by the demonstration in the book of ‘a fundamentally important core of general equilibrium economics accounting for resource allocation in terms of the rationing function of relative prices,’ has stated the objection fairly and his formulation invites and deserves a response:[Hollander] does overstate his case at times. For example, he claims that, in Ricardo's theory, changes in the pattern of demand should react on the demand for labour, and thus on wages, while admitting that ‘Ricardo himself never formally made’ this extension [CE, p. 104]. He later uses exactly this interaction of demand and wages to support his interpretation of Ricardo against Dobb [CE, p. 360]. Surely, the fact that Ricardo did not ‘formally make’ this point (i.e., did not make it at all) is an argument against Hollander's reading, not for it (1988, p. 555).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1924-1987 Criticism and interpretation"

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Stedall, Ellie. "Herman Melville, Joseph Conrad and transatlantic sea literature, 1797-1924." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648378.

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Fattah, Nadia Abdel. "James Baldwin's Search for a Homosexual Identity in his Novels." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5231.

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James Arthur Baldwin (1924- 1987) is one of the two major writers who have dared write about black gay men and from a black gay perspective. However, his fame as a racial spokesman and his insightful analyses of race relations in America tend to distract attention from the fact that he has been one of the most important homosexual writers of the twentieth century. Intolerance and homophobia among black and white Americans often led to a misinterpretation or misevaluation of James Baldwin's novels. James Baldwin was very courageous to come out as a black homosexual writer during the period of the Cold War and the Civil Rights movement. However, his awareness of racism and homophobia in the American society, and his difficult position of being a public figure and a spokesman for the Afro-Americans left its traces in his novels and influenced his novel writing career. The purpose of the present study is to show that out of intolerance, ignorance, and homophobia the evaluators of James Baldwin's novels often did him no justice. Baldwin through his novel writing developed a homosexual consciousness for himself. This struggle of coming-out was his personal struggle and it was marked by his burden of the doubly oppressed. I argue that Baldwin's search for an identity as a black homosexual writer is reflected in his writing. He constructed his identity through his writing. This study attempts to show that Baldwin's development of a homosexual identity took place in stages during his novel writing career. An analysis of the novels Go Tell It On the Mountain (1953), Giovanni's Room (1956), Another Country (1962), and Just Above My Head ( 1979) will demonstrate his movement from dealing with homosexuality as an underlying theme to using it as a tool to protest against any kinds of labels in the American society. Baldwin believed that discrimination cannot cease as long as the categorization of people through artificial constructs such as the "Negro" or the "homosexual" exists.
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Kanada, Chizu. "Compelling moments of collaboration : a reading of the works by Fukazawa Shichiro." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29963.

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This thesis is a study of the narrative strategies in the fiction of Fukazawa Shichirō (1914-87) and the ways in which these strategies work to solicit involvement in a compelling reading experience. The role of the narrator in each of the stories I discuss proves to be critical in the establishment of this relationship. And while I examine the thematic implications further enhanced by this solicitation, I have chosen to focus on how each story through its narrator produces those thematic messages. My emphasis on each work's technical aspect is also a deliberate, compensatory move, a reaction against the tendency of Japanese critics who slight the process of reading as a determining factor in their evaluation of Fukazawa's works. Little effort has been made to account for the construction of each work, and thus credit is rarely given for an immediate or enjoyable experience while reading. Thus, I have explored the neglected aspect of Fukazawa's fiction which, I believe, is one of the most commendable of his writings' achievements. I have primarily dealt with one story per chapter, although I have frequent recourse to other works by Fukazawa and other writers, and have selected four stories which I believe best capture the essence of Fukazawa's narrative craftsmanship. Each story's center of consciousness--the third person narrators in the subjects of study of Chapters One and Two, respectively, "On the Melodies of Oak Mountain" and The Fuefuki River, and the first person narrator-protagonists of "A Dream Tale (Chapter Three) and "The Dolls of Michinoku" (Chapter Four)--asks its reader to participate in a complex and distinct negotiation. And yet, despite all the variety one expects and finds in works spanning a thirty year writing career, I will contend that in each of the four stories above certain strategies are consistently used to initiate reader involvement and thus invite us to co-produce those compelling moments that Fukazawa would have us enjoy.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate
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Beard, June N. "Le monde du théâtre dans l'oeuvre dramatique de Jean Anouilh /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61931.

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Waterkeyn, Linda Catherine. "Idolatry and the artist's role with special reference to the work and thought of Andy Warhol." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002221.

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This thesis uses Hirsch's dual notion of intention, i. e. conscious, intentional meaning and symptomatic, unconscious meaning, in order to avoid a dead end in the critical assessment of Warhol's work. T.S. Eliot's term "objective correlative" refers to a phenomenon whereby "an inner emotional reality" is evoked by its "external equivalent". (Benet, 1965). Thus, given that no work of art is purely self-referential (as distinct from its being autonomous),Hirsch's notion allows that viewerreconstruction of a painting involves shared values and concerns; that a painting reconstructed by a viewer acquires the status of an icon through which the viewer participates in the artist's sacred cosmos. Sociology of art tends on the whole to extrapolate from actual works to the alleged conditions that gave rise to them. That it cannot predict what specific works will arise from given conditions makes it unscientific. However, its usefulness lies in its ability to reveal what values and concerns are shared by artist and viewer. This is vital for an interpretation of Warhol's work. Warhol's biography leads directly into the meaning of his work. The sickly child of an immigrant steelworker, he grew up in Pittsburgh - an epitome of the technocratic-industrial environment - and was exposed from an early age to a violent and ugly world where the disparity between the super-wealthy and the struggling workers was deeply disturbing. That Warhol himself became a multi-millionaire artistic tycoon is significant, for it means that his works, his icons, were participatory in the very cultural myths and neuroses they appear to display or even despise. That his work has meaning and is open to interpretation there is no doubt. For example, a man-made soup can, as a manifestation and containment of the sacred, is coercive. Here the sacred becomes familiar, affordable and disposable. An electric chair, a man-made instrument of death, gives man supremacy over mortality and the divine prerogative of purging the world of all evil. The essay, however, does not attempt to answer the broader questions raised by Fromm and Roszak about the spiritual emptiness of the twentieth century and the existential crises experienced by those who hunger for meaning and fasten greedily onto anything that seems to proffer a glimpse of something beyond. The essay, nevertheless, strives within this context to elucidate the valid in Warhol's work
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Abramowitz, Rachel I. "Donald Barthelme and 'Not-Knowing', 1964-1987." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c183d6a9-86f9-4337-b6c5-4efdc6dc0731.

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This thesis argues that Barthelme's major 1985 essay "Not-Knowing" contains within its title Barthelme's central artistic idea, and that not-knowing informs both the subject of his fiction and his philosophy of art. This study will be the first critical treatment of Barthelme that positions his work from beginning to end in terms of the dimensions of not-knowing that came out of his own reading in psychology, art theory, philosophy, religion, and education, offering coherent readings of content and suggesting the ways in which content relates to form. The Introduction explores the origins of Barthelme's ideas of not-knowing, paying special attention to the influence of Mallarmé, Joyce, and Beckett on Barthelme's first characterisations of not-knowing, creativity, and reception. The first chapter gives an in-depth reading of Come Back, Dr. Caligari (1964), Barthelme's first collection of stories. Though Barthelme had not yet begun to formally theorise his ideas of not-knowing, they were already latent in Come Back, Dr. Caligari's characterisation of psychological experience, specifically in relation to anxiety, boredom, and interpretation. The second chapter looks at the ways in which Harold Rosenberg’s theories of the visual arts, and especially collage, which Barthelme encountered while co-editing Location magazine with Rosenberg in the early 1960s, address form and not-knowing, and how Barthelme treats these issues in Unspeakable Practices, Unnatural Acts (1968), City Life (1970), The Slightly Irregular Fire Engine (1971), Sadness (1972), Guilty Pleasures (1974), and Amateurs (1976). The third chapter shows how Barthelme's university studies in 19th century philosophy, especially Kierkegaard in The Concept of Irony (1841) and Kierkegaard's treatment of Schlegel in that treatise, inform his concern with irony, both in theory and practice, in City Life (1970), Great Days (1979), and Overnight to Many Distant Cities (1983). Chapter Four argues that Kierkegaard's theories of education and religion in Either/Or (1843) and The Present Age (1846), as well as the contemporary incarnation of Dewey's ideas of progressive education, both had a profound influence on Barthelme's ideas about the way a society is educated into knowingness, the artist's aspiration toward not-knowing, and the validity of religion in the postmodern world. The conclusion to the thesis reexamines the Introduction's argument about literary influence through a brief reading of The Dead Father (1975). Barthelme is recognised as one of the most important American postmodernist writers, and yet there has been relatively little critical treatment of his oeuvre. The major books that address Barthelme's work, which include Jerome Klinkowitz's Literary Disruptions: The Making of a Post-Contemporary American Fiction (1975) and Donald Barthelme: An Exhibition (1991), as well as Alan Wilde's Horizons of Assent (1981) and Stanley Trachtenberg's Understanding Donald Barthelme (1990), belong to a two-decade span of classifying writers such as Barthelme, Thomas Pynchon, Robert Coover, and John Barth using a limited set of ideas about postmodernism that were interesting as theory at the time, but did little to explore the actual literary, philosophical, and aesthetic content and contexts of these writers' works (with the possible exception of Pynchon). This thesis aims to rescue Barthelme from now-hackneyed ways of talking about postmodernism, which include lumping various aesthetic techniques under the rubric of "metafiction," claiming that the era's sole interest is in surface at the expense of depth, and that the dependence upon clichés is a deliberate expression of artistic exhaustion.
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Huggan, Graham. "The novelist as geographer : a comparison of the novels of Joseph Conrad and Jules Verne." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26839.

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The works of Joseph Conrad and Jules Verne share a fascination with geography: concern with geographical issues made explicit in their non-fictional works is also implicit in their fiction. Unfortunately, limited knowledge of or interest in geographic theory on the part of the literary critic has made the relation between literature and geography a relatively unpopular focus; to redress the balance, it is necessary to outline briefly some of the ways in which geographical theory may usefully inform the practice of literary criticism. Areas to be introduced include geography and literature as spatial distribution, as spatial perception, as inscription on and description of the environment, as text, as cultural matrix. The above areas serve as a focus for the comparative analysis of a series of novels by Joseph Conrad and Jules Verne in which three issues are foregrounded: first, the interrelations between concentrated place and surrounding space in the sea-tales The Nigger of the Narcissus and Vingt mille lieues sous les mers; second, the reading and writing of cultural landscape in Heart of Darkness and Voyage au centre de la terre; third, the geopolitics of territory, boundary and landclaim in Lord Jim and L'lle mystérieuse. In each case, relevant geographical theory is drawn upon: in the first instance, the phenomenological notions of Yi-Fu Tuan and Edward Relph; in the second, the landscape evaluations of Carl Sauer and Courtice Rose; in the third, the geopolitical and politico-geographical definitions of Glassner, De Blij and Cohen. The first section (on The Nigger of the Narcissus and Vingt mille lieues sous les mers) explores the spatial notions of topophilia, placelessness and geometricity inherent in the relation between ship and sea. The second section (on Heart of Darkness and Voyage au centre de la terre) discusses the various connotations of landscape: cultural imprint (rewriting), false perspective (mis-reading), textual sign-system (encoding/decoding), which suggest that landscape can be interpreted as a controlling mechanism of and means of access to the text. The third section (on Lord Jim and L' Ile mystérieuse) outlines the geographical motifs of the two novels (division, (dis)possession, ascent and descent, etc.) and infers possible motives behind these motifs, relating topographical issues to personal and political ones and paying particular attention to the implications of island environments and communities and to the connections between imperialism, colonialism and narrative strategy. Finally, the 'literary geography' of Conrad's and Verne's novels is situated in its historical context and related particularly to the late nineteenth-century debate on the relative merits of positivism and phenomenology. In Verne's work, the doctrine of positivism, which has been constituted in terms of an ideology of science, is only celebrated in so far as its limitations are recognized. In Conrad's work, man's struggle to conquer Nature through a physical and verbal mastery of his environment is reinterpreted as an attempt to overcome his own duality. Conrad's predominantly phenomenological geography of the mind serves as a critique of positivist doctrine, but its fractured topography also suggests that the attempt to substitute 'more traditional views of the social and moral order' (Watt, 163) is, perhaps, little more than a saving illusion.
Arts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
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Smith, Jeremy Mark. "Conviction in the everyday : Joseph Conrad and skepticism." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59889.

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Heart of Darkness, Chance, and Lord Jim can be described as philosophical works if considered in light of "ordinary language" philosophy. Conrad wrestled with skepticism much as Wittgenstein later would, but his struggle with the "bewitchment" of skeptical thinking took a narratival form. His champion was Marlow, raconteur of the three novels, who recurrently loses and recovers his words and his capacity to tell (to judge, to narrate). In these works the Marlovian investigation of human convention, linguistic and otherwise, is shown to be a necessary but perilous task. The possibility that we may be dissatisfied with the ordinary or transcendental conditions of living is dramatized in all three novels, often (but not only) by threats to marriage. Heart of Darkness demonstrates the loss of linguistic attunement that may follow upon taking human relation to be a problem of knowledge, and links this to Kurtz's world-devouring repudiation of the ordinary. Chance explores in melodramatic form the "germ of destruction at the source of our strength", and unmasks men's denial of women as one face of skepticism. Lord Jim presents skepticism, Romanticism, and fantasy as different versions of ontological dissatisfaction, and shows how a return to the ordinary requires a practice of reading and remembering (our words).
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McDonald, Timothy E. G. "The space of Kafka /." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69777.

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The following study investigates the fictional works of an early twentieth century Czechoslovakian writer named Franz Kafka. "The space of Kafka" is explored primarily through the "identity" of his characteristic monster figures and the temporally disjunctive narratives through which they travel. Monstrosity is qualified here as a principal mode of translation through which Kafka engaged the very terms of "identity" which an "individual" faces in the appearance of any "work". The intimations of a monstrous self are probed through Kafka's work in relation to human experience, intentionality, alterity and a "present" which is en-acted specifically as one form of the past. Through Kafka's paradigmatic "monster", "double" and "bachelor" figures, we find not "alternative" orientations of the "self" which contemporary literature and architecture may choose to undertake, but intrinsic re-presentations of the very relation which any self, any author, already is in the appearance of a "work".
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Pryor, Caitlin. "Vanishing Act." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801936/.

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This dissertation is comprised of a collection of poems preceded by a critical preface. The preface reconsiders the value of discontinuous poetic forms and advocates a return to lyric as an antidote to the toxic aspects of what Tony Hoagland terms “the skittery poem of our moment.” I consider poems by Wendy Xu, Kevin Prufer, Sharon Olds, and Stephen Dunn in depth to facilitate a discussion about the value of a more centrist position between the poles of supreme discontinuity and totalizing continuity. Though poets working in discontinuous forms are rightly skeptical of the hierarchies that govern narrative and linear forms, as Czesław Miłosz notes in The Witness of Poetry, “a poet discovers a secret, namely that he can be faithful to real things only by arranging them hierarchically.” In my own poems, I make use of the hierarchies of ordered perception in lyric and narrative forms to faithfully illuminate the collapsed structures of my own family history in the shadow of Detroit. I practice the principles I advocate in the preface, using a continuous form to address fractured realities in a busy, disordered age when poets often seek forms as fragmented as their perceptions. These poems are distinctly American, but because there is no true royalty in America, our great cultural and economic institutions—television, music, film, magazines, and big business—take the place of the castle (the book’s emblem) while Michael Jackson ultimately rises as the commanding dead king whose passing prompts contemplation of the viability of popular culture, family, history, and geography. The fallen structures that litter the work are many: the twin towers, chess rooks, bounce castles, nuclear families, the auto industry. However, the sole structure cohering the whole is that of a lyric voice whose authority is derived through lived experience and presented in rich, continuous poetic forms.
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Books on the topic "1924-1987 Criticism and interpretation"

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Notebooks 1924-1954. London: Quartet, 1995.

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Debenedetti, Giacomo. Profeti: Cinque conferenze del 1924. Milano: Mondadori, 1998.

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Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal., ed. James Wilson Morrice, 1865-1924. [Montreal, Quebec, Canada]: Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, 1985.

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Türk basınında Tevfik Fikret 1924-1940. İstanbul: 3F Yayınevi, 2008.

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Austria), Trakl-Forum (1987 Salzburg. Trakl-Forum 1987. Salzburg: O. Müller, 1988.

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Asturias, Miguel Angel. Paris 1924-1933: Periodismo y creación literaria. Buenos Aires: ALLCA XX, 1988.

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1886-1980, Kokoschka Oskar, Bonito Oliva Achille, and Bisanz Hans 1929-, eds. Kokoschka, early drawings and watercolours 1906-1924. London: Thames and Hudson, 1985.

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Asturias, Miguel Angel. Paris 1924-1933: Periodismo y creación literaria. Buenos Aires: ALLCA XX, 1988.

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1893-, Krleža Miroslav, ed. Mladi Krleža i njegovi kritičari (1914-1924). Zagreb: Globus, 1987.

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Jiménez, Juan Ramón. Apartamiento: Moguer 1909-1911, 1924 : libro inédito. Ourense: Ediciones Linteo, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "1924-1987 Criticism and interpretation"

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"Given the sample bias towards Sicilian sites, it is difficult to see any consistent regional differences expressed in burial practices. The start of burial and occupation at the three north Sicilian sites at around the beginning of the Holocene however, suggests that the appearance of these practices (in the archaeological record) may be related to particular circumstances of changed mobility within, and use of, the changing landscape in this area; earlier burials are known from peninsular Italy (Mussi 1986; 1987). Although the list is necessarily incomplete and the dating is uncertainly biassed, there is a suggestion in the figures as presented that burial in caves may have been confined to, or more common in, the final LUP and earlier Mesolithic; burial practice, at least in terms of place, may have been changing by the later Mesolithic. Interestingly, caves with Epipalaeolithic burials do not show continuity of use for the same practice into the Neolithic: different sites are chosen (see below). Arguments against marked regional differentiation are the generally similar burial position, and the occurrence of identical types of perforated deer teeth from Puglia and Sicilia. The perforated tooth from the Grotta del Cavallo in Puglia probably relates to the late Romanellian, perhaps at circa 10000-8000 cal.BC; those from the Grotta Romanelli to a similar date. Equivalence of practice, of course, does not necessarily correlate with equivalence of meaning, as is suggested by the different faunal contexts of these finds. The main hunted animals in Puglia were generally equids and bovines, but deer and pig in Sicilia. Discussion Italian Late Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic burials have been discussed by Mussi (1986; 1987), Mussi et al. (1989) and Zampetti & Mussi (1991). Although most of the burials are from outside the study area (mostly in Liguria), Mussi (1987) includes the Grotta di San Teodoro and Grotta delPUzzo (SIC), and the Grotta del Romito (CAL). She considers differences to reflect different emphases and conditions of social reproduction (1987: 45ff). In scheme A only certain sex-age individuals were buried, perhaps related to the circumstances of their death. She suggests that male hunters are represented at the Grotta di San Teodoro (although revision now suggests three tentatively identified females: Mussi 1987: 46; Fabbri 1993). In contrast, the burials at the Grotta del Romito represent scheme C, with both males and females, reflecting increased emphasis on social reproduction through exogamy (Mussi 1987: 47-8). She also notes the apparent contemporaneity of the first occupation and burials at the Grotta di San Teodoro, and argues that this represents the "colonisation" of Sicilia at a time when it was still "almost deserted" (Mussi 1987: 47-8). A similar argument is expanded by Zampetti & Mussi (1991), in which they also consider the evidence of 'art'. They argue that in the early Late Upper Palaeolithic there were burials of high-status individuals, perhaps related to control of information and partner exchange in a sparsely-populated landscape (Mussi 1987: 156). By the final Late Upper Palaeolithic they argue that there is more evidence of concern with descent, perhaps more stabilised (partner) exchange networks, and less evidence of pre-eminent individuals in the burials (Mussi 1987: 157). Stimulating though their interpretations are, in attempting to relate burial modes to changing social organisation and mapping of the social landscape, one might criticise some of the work in detail: for example, the burials from the Grotta del Romito are difficult to visualise as partners (see below). Any interpretation must be preceded by the realisation that the sample is extremely small and is already uncertainly biassed by accidents of excavation. Only certain people may have been buried; and the survival and excavation of burial (or other disposal sites) may be skewed. Thirdly, the representation of remains within those sites may be biassed, for example by the lower survival rates of infant and child remains. However, assuming that the sample is at least partly representative of the practices surrounding the dead, the following suggestions may be made." In Gender & Italian Archaeology, 70–75. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315428178-17.

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"clash between the beauty-loving Renaissance and the he [Spenser] was quickly swept overboard because of moral Reformation. In the light of the medieval reli-his inability to write like Donne, Eliot, and Allen gious tradition examined by Tuve, Guyon destroys Tate’ (1968:2). His extended interpretation of Book the Bower because he ‘looks at the kind of complete II, The Allegorical Temper (1957), followed by essays seduction which means the final death of the soul’ on the other books, traces the changing psycholo-(31). gical or psychic development of the poem’s major If the New Critics of the 1930s to the early 1950s characters by ‘reading the poem as a poem’ (9) rather had been interested in Spenser (few were), they than as a historical document. My own book, The would not have considered his intention in writing Structure of Allegory in ‘The Faerie Queene’ (1961a), The Faerie Queene because that topic had been dis-which I regard now as the work of a historical critic missed as a fallacy. For Wimsatt and Beardsley partly rehabilitated by myth and archetypal criticism, 1954:5 (first proclaimed in 1946), ‘The poem is not examines the poem’s structure through its patterns the critic’s own and not the author’s (it is detached of imagery, an interest shared with Alastair Fowler, from the author at birth and goes about the world Spenser and the Numbers of Time (1964), and by beyond his power to intend about it or control it)’. Kathleen Williams, Spenser’s ‘Faerie Queene’: The So much for any poet’s intention, conscious or World of Glass (1966). unconscious, realized or not. Not that it would have In any history of modern Spenser criticism – for a mattered much, for the arbiter of taste at that time, general account, see Hadfield 1996b – Berger may T.S. Eliot, had asked rhetorically: ‘who, except schol-serve as a key transitional figure. In a retrospective ars, and except the eccentric few who are born with glance at his essays on Spenser written from 1958 to a sympathy for such work, or others who have delib-1987, he acknowledges that ‘I still consider myself erately studied themselves into the right apprecia-a New Critic, even an old-fashioned one’ who tion, can now read through the whole of The Faerie has been ‘reconstructed’ by New Historicism Queene with delight?’ (1932:443). In Two Letters, (1989:208). In Berger 1988:453–56, he offers a per-Spenser acknowledges that the gods had given him sonal account of his change, admitting that as a New the gift to delight but never to be useful (Dii mihi, Critic he had been interested ‘in exploring complex dulce diu dederant: verùm vtile numquam), though representations of ethico-psychological patterns’ he wishes they had; and, in the Letter to Raleigh, he apart from ‘the institutional structures and discourses recognizes that the general end of his poem could be that give them historical specificity’. Even so, he had achieved only through fiction, which ‘the most part allowed that earlier historical study, which had been of men delight to read, rather for variety of matter, concerned with ‘historical specificity’, was ‘solid and then for profite of the ensample’ (10). As a conse-important’. For the New Historicist Louis Adrian quence, he addresses his readers not by teaching them Montrose, however, earlier historical scholarship didactically but rather through delight. It follows that ‘merely impoverished the text’ (Berger 1988:8), and if his poem does not delight, it remains a closed book. he is almost as harsh towards Berger himself, com-Several critics who first flourished in the 1950s and plaining that his writings ‘have tended to avoid direct 1960s responded initially to Spenser’s words and confrontations of sociopolitical issues’, though he imagery rather than to his ideas, thought, or histor-blames ‘the absence of a historically specific socio-ical context. One is Donald Cheney, who, in Spenser’s political dimension’ on the time they were written – Image of Nature (1966), read The Faerie Queene a time when ‘the sociopolitical study of Spenser was ‘under the intensive scrutiny which has been applied epitomized by the pursuit of topical identifications or in recent decades to metaphysical lyrics’, seeking the cataloguing of commonplaces’ (7). In contrast, out ‘ironic, discordant impulses’, ‘rapidly shifting the New Historicism, of which he is the most elo-allusions’, and the poet’s ‘constant insistence upon quent theorist, sees a work embedded – i.e. intrins-the ambiguity of his images’ (7, 17, 20). Another is ically, inextricably fixed – not in history generally, Paul Alpers, whose The Poetry of ‘The Faerie Queene’ and certainly not in ‘cosmic politics’ that Thomas (1967) demonstrated that individual stanzas of the Greene 1963:406 claims to be the concern of all epics, poem may be subjected to very intense scrutiny. A but in a historically specific sociopolitical context. third, the most influential of all, is Harry Berger, Jr, (For further comments on their clash, see Hamilton." In Spenser: The Faerie Queene, 25. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315834696-23.

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