Dissertations / Theses on the topic '1914-1918 Literature and the war'
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Díaz-Cristóbal, Marina B. "Modernism and the generation of 1914 in Spain, 1914-1918 /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2003.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2003.Adviser: Jose Alvarez-Junco. Submitted to the Dept. of History. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Rennie, David Alan. ""Varying offensives" : American writers' representations of World War I." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=233979.
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Over the past thirty years the dominant trend in studies of American World War I literature has been to recognise the plurality of experience represented in American writing connected with the First World War, beyond that registered in the canonical works of white male modernists. Scholars have identified literary representations of the various gendered, political, intellectual, and racial subgroups that were affected by World War I in America. This growing interest in the experiences of diverse socio-political constituencies has, unfortunately, often reductively classified authors as belonging to a particular category of identity. Accordingly, the present work challenges this trend in three distinct ways. I argue, firstly, that individual authors held and represented complex and nuanced responses to the war. I propose, secondly, that writers expressed these views not just in the key works for which they are remembered, but across multiple literary media, including novels, magazine fiction, film scripts, book reviews, history works, prefaces, and autobiographies. Finally, I maintain a focus throughout on the provisionality of authors' responses to the war, arguing that these changed over time as a consequence of authors' intellectual and professional developments.
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Blazek, William. "The Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps and American literature of World War I." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1986. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228965.
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The Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps numbered among its members some of the most important American writers of World War I, Including E. E. Cummings and John Dos Passos. What is less well-known is that the ambulance corps had strong tIes to a pre-war generation of American expatriates, whose participation first created the elite aura of the unit known as the "gentlemen volunteers." Henry James served as chairman until his final illness, and the family of the late Charles Eliot Norton operated the organization in France and America. This study, making use of unpublished archival material, outlines the history of the Norton-Harjes during the war, from its beginnings in Paris and London, to its activities on the Western Front, and its dissolution in late 1917. Around this historical context, the foundations of the unit are traced to Harvard University and an ideal of humanitarian service and social duty drawing from the late nineteenth-century concept of the gentleman. The war writings of the Norton-Harjes authors are examined in view of this historical and cultural evidence. Affirmation of the artist's role in society and criticism of American industrial-commercialism feature in the work of the authors connected with the unit, themes which gained new impetus from the war. A discussion of Charles Eliot Norton's moral aestheticism, expatriation, teaching at Harvard, and attitudes towards war, along with an outline of the Harvard careers of Norton's sons Eliot and Richard and of the future Norton-Harjes writers Cummings, Dos Passos, and Robert Hillyer, make up the chapter following the Introduction, which establishes the background of early American involvement in the war. Henry James' work for the ambulance corps and his move from intense observer to direct participant in war-time is explored in the third chapter. The fourth chapter presents the bulk of the historical information about the unit's war activities while examining the career and writings of Richard Norton, founder and leader of the corps. The succeeding three chapters are devoted to the ambulance volunteers who studied together at Harvard. E. E. Cummings' The Enormous Room is interpreted in light of the author's whole experience with the Norton-Harjes, emphasizing his use of primitivism in support of aesthetic individualism. Robert Hillyer's traditionalism stands opposed to Cummings' Modernist experimentation, but the Harvard professor-poet was equally critical of American industrialism. John Dos Passos' war novels attack the commercial basis of American culture and present as alternatives the rural culture of Spain and the ideal of the gentlemen volunteers as represented by Richard Norton. A brief Epilogue describes the last stage of Norton's war career and the post-war attempts to organize former volunteers into an association and to produce a history of the ambulance service.
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Herron, Stefanie. "Willa Cather's argument with modernism unearthing faith amid the ruins of war /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 228 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1650498641&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Potter, Jane Elizabeth. "Boys in khaki, girls in print : women's literary responses to the Great War, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286947.
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Martins, Luciana de Lima. "História, Literatura e Memória: reflexões sobre a Grande Guerra (1914-1918)." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2008. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6032.
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This dissertation thesis reflects upon the Great War (1914 1918), from the Historiography, analyzing the romances All Quiet on the Western Front, written by Erich Maria Remarque and A Farewell to Arms, written by Ernest Hemingway, and, consequently, their constructed memories. Both the Historical and the Literary knowledge relates to group and individual experiences from the present and the past. Since they reflect upon the past, they contribute to the construction of historical cultures. The extension, the length and the brutality of the First World War, characterized as a paradigmatic moment in the 20th century, has contributed for the construction of historical cultures that, aside their ifferences, question and search for a comprehension of the historical moment.
Este trabalho consiste em uma reflexão sobre a Grande Guerra (1914-1918), a partir da historiografia, dos romances Nada de Novo no Front, de Erich Maria Remarque e Adeus às Armas, de Ernest Hemingway e, conseqüentemente, das memórias engendradas por eles. Tanto o conhecimento histórico quanto o literário se relaciona com experiências individuais e coletivas do presente e do passado. Na medida em que ambos refletem sobre o passado, contribuem para a construção de culturas históricas. A Primeira Guerra Mundial se caracteriza como um momento paradigmático, do século XX, no qual a extensão, a duração e a brutalidade do conflito colaboraram para a construção de culturas históricas, que independentemente dos caminhos percorridos, questionam e procuram compreender este momento.
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Isherwood, Ian Andrew. "The greater war : British memorial literature, 1918-1939." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3462/.
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This thesis concerns non-fiction ‘war books’ published in the inter-war period. War books were mostly written by participants in the First World War who contributed to Britain’s memory culture afterwards through the publication of their accounts. The war books catalogue represents diversity in terms of the experiences depicted and the geographic locations represented. Though they went through distinctive periods of popularity, war books were published throughout the inter-war period, and in great numbers. The publishing industry was receptive to martial literature and encouraged its publication. The breadth of the war books catalogue challenges the cultural uniformity of an ‘age of disillusionment’ by demonstrating the different ways that the war was remembered by its participants. War books had widespread interpretative breadth on the meaning of the war to veterans/participants in the years afterwards.
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McDonald, Jessica J. "(In)sane dissolution of illusion trauma, boundary, and recovery in Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/637.
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Piep, Karsten H. "Embattled homefronts politics and representation in American World War I novels /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1109634736.
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Chan, Lai-on, and 陳麗安. "New enemies: women writers and the First World War." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628703.
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McArthur, Kathleen Maureen. "The heroic spirit in the literature of the Great War." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23680.
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Sarver, Jay William. "The production and re-production of masculine subjects in Pat Barker's Regeneration." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
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Clay, Kevin M. "Asleep in the Arms of God." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2253/.
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A work of creative fiction in the form of a short novel, Asleep in the Arms of God is a limited-omniscient and omniscient narrative describing the experiences of a man named Wafer Roberts, born in Jack County, Texas, in 1900. The novel spans the years from 1900 to 1925, and moves from the Keechi Valley of North Texas, to Fort Worth and then France during World War One, and back again to the Keechi Valley. The dissertation opens with a preface, which examines the form of the novel, and regional and other aspects of this particular work, especially as they relate to the postmodern concern with fragmentation and conditional identity. Wafer confronts in the novel aspects of his own questionable history, which echo the larger concern with exploitative practices including racism, patriarchy, overplanting and overgrazing, and pollution, which contribute to and climax in the postmodern fragmentation. The novel attempts to make a critique of the exploitative rage of Western civilization.
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Kelly, Alice Rose. "'A change of heart' : representations of death and memorialisation in First World War writing by women, 1914-39." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708210.
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Sieben, Ingolf. "A conflict of perception : medical aspects of German First World War literature : the presentation of the medical professions and of medical conditions in contemporary and Weimar prose relating to the First World War." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2189.
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There is a divergence of views in German First World War literature concerning the presentation of medical aspects and nursing experiences. Although all accounts of the war claim implicitly to present the truth about a section of, or even the whole of, the war, be they diaries, letters or war fiction, variations arise due to the individual attitude, perspective and intention of each author. This thesis examines a range of different types of fictional and non-fictional war literature: diaries, letters, reports, narratives and novels written by or about participants during or after the war, taking due account of the precise relationship to the experience, the intent of the writers and the context of their accounts. Some of these are based on personal experience and provide an imnediate impression of the war. Some use personal experience, but not specific historical details, to look at the war in retrospect, conditioned by the (additional) medical knowledge of the late 1920s. Others blend fictional and historical characters and events. Although the standpoint of the individual ordinary soldier and sailor, or officer, predominates in writings of this kind, writings both by and about women and other non-combatants involved in the war have been included. German material is compared with American, British and French accounts wherever possible and practicable. A preliminary section (chapters 2+3) provides the reader with a detailed and necessary historical overview of the organization of the German lieeressanialtswesen. between 1914 and 1918, followed by an examination of the discrepancy between the historical experience and perception of the Lazarett in the German literary context. The second part of the work (chapters 4-6) examines descriptions and perceptions of specific medical aspects of the war from the point of view of those immediately involved in the Yermuncletenliirgarge: surgeons and medical practitioners, paramedical orderlies and stretcher-bearers as well as nurses. The largest part (chapters 7-12) examines the medical effects of the war as perceived in different literary and non-literary contexts, ranging from straightforward wounds, shell-shock and other psychological phenomena, to the effects of poison gas and chemical warfare, venereal diseases, self-inflicted wounds and the medical implications of trench warfare, followed by an analysis of the motif of 'war as disease'.
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Garlitz, Richard P. "Responses to catastrophe from Henri Barbusse to Primo Levi : rethinking the Great War and the Holocaust in literary history." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217399.
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This thesis examines how the First World War and the Holocaust fit into Western history and literary history by. It takes as its point of departure two arguments that currently enjoy, the favor of many specialists. First, it critiques the idea that the literature of the First World War is firmly embedded in the Western literary heritage while that of the Holocaust lies outside the realm of expression, a position that Jay Winter has taken a leading role in developing. Second, it challenges the notion that the Holocaust is an occurrence in history to which no other event offers parallels. The study argues that these points of view obscure our understanding of each disaster. In reality, personal narratives demonstrate that many survivors responded to the First World War and the Holocaust in similar ways. If this is true, then the Great War cannot be firmly embedded in the European cultural tradition while the Holocaust destroys it. A more accurate representation is that the first episode of industrial mass slaughter, the Great War, initiated a rupture in the Western historical and literary heritage that the Holocaust completed.Department of History
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Onions, J. "The ideal of heroism in English fiction and drama about the First World War, 1918-1939." Thesis, Keele University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373170.
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Roszik, Anderson Augusto [UNESP]. "A crítica política e literária de Kurt Tucholsky e o início da República de Weimar (1919-1924)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94127.
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roszik_aa_me_assis.pdf: 1230308 bytes, checksum: 11540821cea3e0d3e83bdd1d6243bdd2 (MD5)A pesquisa intitulada “A crítica política e literária de Kurt Tucholsky e o início da República de Weimar (1919-1924)” objetiva discutir a construção do discurso crítico de Tucholsky expressa através dos heterônimos Peter Panter e Ignaz Wrobel. O estudo de seus textos suscita indagações a respeito não só do contexto artístico e cultural da República de Weimar, como também questões referentes à relação do autor com o novo sistema político que é marcado, em grande parte, pelo caos social após a Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). Sob este aspecto, além de contribuir para a ampliação dos conhecimentos sobre Kurt Tucholsky com o respaldo da tradução de seus textos para o português, a pesquisa investiga a configuração do novo sistema político e cultural no início da década de 1920 alemã.
The goal of the research entitled “Political and Literary Criticism of Kurt Tucholsky and the beginning of the Republic of Weimar (1919-1924)” is to discuss the construction of Tucholsky’s critical discourse expressed through the heteronyms Peter Panter and Ignaz Wrobel. The study of his texts propitiates questions not only about the artistic and cultural context of the Republic of Weimar, but also about the author’s relation to the new political system, which is greatly marked by the social chaos post First World War (1914-1918). Under this aspect, besides contributing to the expansion of the knowledge about Kurt Tucholsky with the translations of his texts to Portuguese, the research investigates the configuration of a new political and cultural system in the early German 1920s.
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Martin, Nancy Marie. ""[I am] unable to refuse the call of these pages to be scribbled in" : the function of First World War life-writing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:69a9cf71-8775-4ed9-88c8-70f1db66ecd6.
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Drawing on a diverse collection of both published and unpublished First World War diaries and letters, this thesis investigates the role of composition in war, examining the ways in which the act of writing itself - imposing narrative order on chaotic experience - functions in creating, securing, and repairing one's multiple identities in war. Indeed, through narration, the individual can connect to, challenge, or reconfigure, the war's prescribed social scripts - of soldier, nurse, spouse, parent, and/or patriotic citizen. This process or writing, and thereby re-asserting, one's identity was a fundamental component of men and women's emotional survival. In the midst of the First World War's chaos, life-writing held heightened significance on both home and battlefront. The diary and letter were appropriate generic vehicles through which men and women could express and negotiate the new facets and fragments of self; they were also sites where different social scripts could be tried and rehearsed, and venues for the navigation of war's trauma, suffering, and grief. Through the act of writing, the individual imposes some level of control over this otherwise chaotic experience. The 'I' on the page - whatever the length or descriptive quality of the words that surround it - is an assertion of the individual in a culture of sweeping propagandist claims, mass movement, and mass death. By putting pen to paper, the newly enlisted man could attempt to navigate the seemingly rapid transition from ordinary civilian to heroic soldier; the home front mother could confess fears and frustrations on the diary page, in turn mitigating grief and navigating the sense of self - as mother, as wife, as patriotic citizen - in the face of loss; from his trench, the frontline combatant could find distraction and escape through writing a letter home. The civilian man, in turn, could seek refuge in the diary's pages - his search to secure and validate alternate forms of âmanliness' often being particularly fraught.
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Piep, Karsten H. "Embattled Homefronts: Politics and Representation in American World War I Novels." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1109634736.
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Roszik, Anderson Augusto. "A crítica política e literária de Kurt Tucholsky e o início da República de Weimar (1919-1924) /." Assis : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94127.
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Orientador: Álvaro Santos Simões JuniorBanca: Marlene Holzhausen
Banca: Fábio Luís Chiqueto Barbosa
Resumo: A pesquisa intitulada "A crítica política e literária de Kurt Tucholsky e o início da República de Weimar (1919-1924)" objetiva discutir a construção do discurso crítico de Tucholsky expressa através dos heterônimos Peter Panter e Ignaz Wrobel. O estudo de seus textos suscita indagações a respeito não só do contexto artístico e cultural da República de Weimar, como também questões referentes à relação do autor com o novo sistema político que é marcado, em grande parte, pelo caos social após a Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). Sob este aspecto, além de contribuir para a ampliação dos conhecimentos sobre Kurt Tucholsky com o respaldo da tradução de seus textos para o português, a pesquisa investiga a configuração do novo sistema político e cultural no início da década de 1920 alemã.
Abstract: The goal of the research entitled "Political and Literary Criticism of Kurt Tucholsky and the beginning of the Republic of Weimar (1919-1924)" is to discuss the construction of Tucholsky's critical discourse expressed through the heteronyms Peter Panter and Ignaz Wrobel. The study of his texts propitiates questions not only about the artistic and cultural context of the Republic of Weimar, but also about the author's relation to the new political system, which is greatly marked by the social chaos post First World War (1914-1918). Under this aspect, besides contributing to the expansion of the knowledge about Kurt Tucholsky with the translations of his texts to Portuguese, the research investigates the configuration of a new political and cultural system in the early German 1920s.
Mestre
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Light, Alison. "Forever England : femininity, literature, and conservatism between the wars /." London ; New York : Routledge, 1991. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0648/91000587-d.html.
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Gassert, Imogen L. "Collaborators and dissidents : aspects of British literary publishing in the First World War, 1914-1919." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391071.
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Burrells, Anna Louise. "Inter-war modernism and technology 1918-1945 : machine aesthetics in the work of Ezra Pound, Francis Picabia, D.H. Lawrence, Henry Green and Wyndham Lewis." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/978/.
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New technologies have long been considered important to the development of modernism – especially theories of efficient form in Vorticism and Italian Futurism This thesis rethinks the relation between modernism and technology in the inter-war years. It uses the work of theorists of technology including Jacques Ellul, Martin Heidegger, Sigfried Gideon and Marshall McLuhan picking up a strand in inter-war modernism highlighting concerns about mechanicity and technologisation as overwhelming and somewhat malign forces. Ezra Pound’s ‘Machine Art’ is influenced by the work of Francis Picabia but demonstrates crucial differences between their conceptions of technology. D. H. Lawrence’s Women in Love is an early example of machine antipathy articulating fears about war and mechanistic mental processes. Henry Green’s factory novel, Living, demonstrates the malign effects of organisational techniques on working-class lives, whilst Wyndham Lewis’s novels Snooty Baronet and The Revenge for Love’s protagonists with prosthetic legs satirise the systematic techniques used in warfare to control individuals, turning them into mechanised grotesques. Finally, Henry Green’s Back enacts Marshall McLuhan’s notion of man as servo-mechanism to the machine. The thesis concludes that some inter-war modernisms display an antipathy towards machine culture which transcends the simple machine, and critiques mechanistic systems which control human bodies and minds.
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Özden-Schilling, Thomas Charles. "Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, and the Great War discourse on "Shell-Shock"." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35704.
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Thesis (S.B. in Literature)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Humanities, 2006.Includes bibliographical references.
Introduction: The infantrymen of the Great War experienced the unimaginable. Soldiers in the trenches internalized images of confusion and gore, and returned to a society unwilling and often unable to comprehend their sacrifices. For nearly 65,000 of these soldiers, their experiences on the front brought on hysteria, mental breakdown, muteness, paralysis, and other bizarre physical maladies (ER, 189). The medical description of the mental conditions that precipitated so many of these symptoms underwent a dramatic evolution as more and more cases were reported. These conditions were first collected under the terse assignation of "shell-shock," linking the range of maladies to the psychological influence of heavy artillery as well as referring tacitly to ontological theories of physical lesions in cerebral tissue. Such diagnostic projections were assisted by patients who, upon solicitation, readily supplied anecdotal evidence of mortar blasts. As the war progressed, however, the appearance of cases not directly linked to close-proximity explosions prompted the search for a non-physical term; "neuroses" was put into use, and an epistemological link to madness was established. Finally, in the search for a more scientific label, physicians decided upon "neurasthenia," a psychiatric condition linked to exhaustion and memory loss. These three terms - shell-shock, neurasthenia, and neuroses - were used interchangeably in public, political, and military discourse throughout the war, but most of the physicians who worked in Great Britain's mental wards were less careless. Each term bore a distinct epistemological weight: shell-shock clearly implied both physical causality and temporariness, neurasthenia referred to a specific mental condition, and neuroses hinted at a psychological disease "entity." Every subsequent war since the medical "discovery" of shell-shock has occasioned another evolution in terminology, and each new term has since fought to position its particular insight alongside an epistemological backlog that accrued new facets more often than it changed form in totality. Disassembling such networks of discourse thus requires historicizing conflicting definitions. The theories of psychoanalysis put forth by Sigmund Freud loomed large for many of the figures in these debates, both as an inspiration for cerebral therapeutics and as a challenge to the conventionalism and psychological materialism of the pre-war medical establishment. In subtly adapting Freud's insights, however, the practitioners of post-Freudian psychoanalysis pushed the official discourse on shell-shock in a different direction, leading to a more sophisticated understanding that was less accepting of paradigmatic and ideological identifications of Britishness with courage, character, and mental fortitude ...
by Thomas C. Schilling.
S.B.in Literature
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Green, Leanne. "Advertising war : pictorial publicity, 1914-1918." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2015. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/600404/.
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This research discusses pictorial publicity released in Britain during the period of the First World War. Based on the historic ‘War Publicity’ collection at IWM, it analyses a wealth of imagery produced by official, charitable and commercial concerns to assess the meanings about war that were absorbed and circulated by posters, propaganda and advertisements between 1914 and 1918. It provides an extensive examination of First World War pictorial publicity, and proposes a new methodology for looking at such material within both a visual and a historical context. The study proposes that as spaces of power, museum archives affect the way that their holdings are viewed and interpreted. It argues that the way that the ‘War Publicity’ collection has been negotiated and taxonomised at IWM has influenced how the visual culture of the First World War has consequently been considered. Exceptional examples of well-designed posters have achieved an elevated status, while commonplace imagery encountered in the everyday by the British public has been ignored. This thesis rectifies this by examining the ‘War Publicity’ collection as it would have been viewed: as a mass. In doing so, it is able to consider the narratives and discourses present in the visual culture of the war, and deduce how such meanings worked visually to convince the British public to support war aims. This research contributes to discussions in patriotism and citizenship during the First World War through the development of the concept of ‘patriotic citizenship’. ‘Patriotic citizenship’ describes the core visual language present in First World War publicity. It relied on convincing the viewer that in order to be a good British citizen, one must participate in prescribed forms of war-related activities such as joining the army, donating to wartime charities, economizing in food and buying war bonds and savings. This thesis examines how publicity worked visually to persuade the British public to subscribe to defined forms of participatory citizenship in the form of complying with British war aims, and the new representations that pictorial publicity was able to necessitate in the process.
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Fletcher, Martin John. "The view from The Waste Land : how Modernist poetry in England survived the Great War." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149526.
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O poema icônico de T. S. Eliot The Waste Land, publicado em 1922, é indiscutivelmente o texto principal de poesia moderna em inglês. Eliot residia em Londres no momento da sua composição, e embora o poema contenha numerosas citações literárias e culturais, The Waste Land não é considerado como tendo sido influenciado por nenhum dos poetas ingleses que foram contemporâneos de Eliot. Pelo contrário, o poema é tido como um afastamento radical e uma reação contra, a poesia inglesa escrita antes e durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). Neste artigo, eu argumento que The Waste Land contém ecos da obra dos poetas ingleses Harold Monro e Herbert Read, ambos os quais conheciam Eliot bem. Olhando retrospectivamente a partir de 1922, tendo The Waste Land como meu texto modernista base e ponto de partida crítico, eu conduzo uma reavaliação da cena poética inglesa do período 1910- 1922, a partir dos Georgian Poets do pré-guerra até o aparecimento, no pós-guerra, da obraprima de Eliot. Ambos Monro e Read foram influenciados pelo movimento radical 'Imagism' de Ezra Pound, que formou um elemento central na cena da poesia progressiva de Londres nos anos que antecederam a guerra. Portanto, utilizo ambos The Waste Land e os experimentos 'Imagist' de Pound como modelos de prática modernista através dos quais comparar e contrastar a obra dos Georgian Poets (especificamente Wilfrid Gibson), a poesia produzida durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, e a obra de Monro e Read. Os princípios orientadores da minha abordagem analítica são dois: em termos de prática poética, eu avalio o trabalho de Eliot e seus contemporâneos, comparando as suas abordagens quanto à forma, a fim de demonstrar como a forma poética não apenas define o conteúdo, mas também revela mudanças nos valores culturais. Em segundo lugar, minha abordagem teórica é baseada nos conceitos mutantes da função estética da poesia, buscando demonstrar como valores estéticos estão historicamente relacionados a, e determinam, a produção e a recepção da poesia, expondo como os experimentos modernistas de Eliot e Pound estão historicamente relacionados com princípios estéticos românticos.T. S. Eliot’s iconic poem The Waste Land, published in 1922, is indisputably the key Modernist poetry text in English. Eliot was living in London at the time of its composition, and although the poem contains numerous literary references, The Waste Land is not thought to have been influenced by the poetry of Eliot’s English contemporaries. On the contrary, the poem is regarded as a radical departure from, and reaction against, the English poetry being written before and throughout the Great War (1914-1918). In this paper, I argue that The Waste Land contains echoes of the work of English poets Harold Monro and Herbert Read, both of whom knew Eliot well. Looking back retrospectively from 1922, with The Waste Land as my exemplary Modernist text and critical starting point, I carry out a reassessment of the English poetry scene from 1910 to 1922, from the pre-war Georgians to the post-war appearance of Eliot’s masterpiece. Both Monro and Read were influenced by Ezra Pound’s radical ‘Imagism’ movement, which formed a central plank in the progressive London poetry scene in the years leading up to the war. I therefore employ both The Waste Land and Pound’s ‘Imagist’ experiments as models of Modernist practice by which to compare and contrast the work of the Georgians (particularly Wilfrid Gibson), the poetry produced during the Great War, and the work of Monro and Read. The guiding principles of my analytical approach are twofold: firstly, in terms of poetic practice, I evaluate the work of Eliot and his contemporaries by comparing their approaches to form, assessing how poetic technique both defines content and offers insight into shifts in cultural values; secondly, my theoretical approach is based on changing concepts of the aesthetic function of poetry, revealing how aesthetic values are historically relative to, and determine, the production and reception of poetry, ultimately exposing how Eliot and Pound’s Modernist experiments are historically related to Romantic aesthetic principles.
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Antle, Michael Lee. "Progressivism/Prohibition and War: Texas, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935651/.
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This thesis focuses upon the impact of war upon the progressive movement in Texas during 1914-1918. Chapter I defines progressivism in Texas and presents an overview of the political situation in the state as relating to the period. Chapter II discusses the negative impact that the first two years of World War I had upon the reform movement. Chapter III examines the revival of the Anti-Saloon League and the 1916 Democratic state convention. Chapter IV covers the war between James E. Ferguson and the University of Texas. Chapter V tells how the European war became a catalyst for the reform movement in Texas following America's entry, and its subsequent influence upon the election of 1918. Chapter VI concludes that James E. Ferguson's war with the University of Texas as well as World War I were responsible for the prohibitionist victory in the election of 1918.
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Stibbe, Matthew. "German anglophobia and the Great War, 1914-1918 /." Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University press, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38920187m.
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Erbs, David. "Le roman-feuilleton français et le serial britannique pendant le premier conflit mondial, 1912-1920." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1019/document.
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Cette recherche concerne l’étude de deux productions littéraires au cours de la décennie 1910, le roman-feuilleton français et le serial britannique de la presse quotidienne. Elle s’intéresse à leurs conditions de production, de diffusion et de réception, et vise à évaluer l’impact de la Première Guerre mondiale sur la fiction sérielle, principale forme de littérature de masse de la période. Elle s’inscrit dans une problématique d’histoire culturelle attentive aux représentations produites et diffusées pendant ce conflit, et prend place dans une réflexion sur les “cultures de guerre” telles qu’elles ont été définies et discutées à partir du début des années 1990 par les historiens ; c’est une des raisons pour lesquelles elle se veut résolument comparatiste et interdisciplinaire. Elle s’attache à mettre en évidence les modalités de l’instrumentalisation de cette littérature dite “populaire” par la mobilisation culturelle, processus au travers duquel une société entreprend, à un moment donné, d’orienter dans un but précis les représentations qu’elle partage. Elle vise à analyser leur rôle dans le façonnement des imaginaires de guerreThis research is focused on the study of two literary productions during the 1910’s, the French roman-feuilleton and the British serial published in the daily press. It examines their conditions of production, distribution and reception. Its purpose is to evaluate the impact of the First World War on the serial fiction, the main form of mass literature during this period.It is part of an issue of cultural history, looking for the representations which are built and shared during the conflict, and part of a reflexion on “war cultures”, as they have been defined and discussed from the beginning of the 1990’s by the historians ; that is one of the reasons why this study is intended to be a comparative and interdisciplinary work. It gives special attention to highlight the terms of the instrumentalization of these “popular” literatures by the process of cultural mobilization through which a society, at some point, undertakes to influence collective representations for a specific purpose. It aimes to analyse their role in the shaping of imaginaries of war
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Davidson, Melissa. "Preaching the Great War: Canadian Anglicans and the war sermon 1914-1918." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114214.
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When the British declared war on Germany on August 4, 1914, the Dominion of Canada, as part of the British Empire, was also at war. As an overwhelmingly Christian nation, Canada's mobilization included not only its manpower, industrial capacity, and agricultural wealth, but also its spiritual resources. This thesis focuses on views of the Great War offered by Canada's Anglican clerics from 1914 to 1918 through an analysis of sermons and other documents. Situated at a crucial junction between the religious and political life, clerical rhetoric about the war provides an invaluable tool for understanding how a people's religious and national identities shaped one another during this critical period. Rather than painting the conflict in stark terms of 'good and evil,' Canada's Anglican clerics appealed to theological ideas of repentance and righteousness. The clerics denounced national sins and called on Canadians to shoulder their responsibilities both as citizens of the Empire and as Christians. Identifying and negotiating the responsibilities of citizenship in the crucible of war were key elements in the clerical rhetoric, as they sought to construct and connect their overlapping identities as Anglicans, citizens of the Empire, and as Canadians.Quand l'Angleterre a déclaré la guerre à l'Allemange le 4 août 1914, le Dominion du Canada a été impliqué parce qu'il faisait partie de l'Empire britannique. La mobilisation du Canada a principalement inclus des gens et des capacité industrielles et agricol. Toutefois, comme le pays était majoritairement de religion chrétienne, la mobilisation du Canada a aussi collaboré à l'élaboration de nombreuses ressources spirituelles. Cette thèse se concentre donc sur les opinions à propos de la Première Guerre mondiale présentées par les prêtes anglicans du Canada entre 1914 et 1918. Ell fait une analyse des sermons et autre documents écrits par les prêtes anglicans nous permettant d'examiner la 'rhétorique des ecclésiastiques'. La rhétorique des ecclésiastiques de la guerre fournis un outil inestimable pour la connaissance de comment l'identité religieuse et nationale des gens rejoignent, parce que la rhétorique des ecclésiastiques est au même temp religieuse et politique. Au lieu d'aborder directement l'idée «du bien» et «du mal», les prêtes anglicans ont utilisés les idées théologiques comme «le repentir» et «la vertu» pour justifier la guerre. Les prêtes anglicans ont aussi dénonçé les péchés nationaux et ont demandé aux Canadiens de répondre à leur responsabilités en tant que citoyens de l'Empire britannique et chrétiens. Les gens ont donc dû identifier et négocier pendant cette épreuve la notion de citoyenneté, afin d'identifier leurs responsabilités. Cette question est donc particulièrement importante dans la rhétorique des ecclésiastiques alors que les prêtes anglicans ont essayé construire et associer des identités chevauchant la religion anglicane, la citoyenneté de l'Empire britannique, et la citoyenneté du Canada.
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Usher, Adam S. "The Great Air War, 1914-1918 : perception and reality /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09aru85.pdf.
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Gallagher, Niamh Aislinn. "Irish civil society and the Great War, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283970.
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Janke, Linda Sharon. "Prisoners of war sexuality, venereal disease, and womens' incarceration during World War I /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Ziino, Bart. "A distant grief : Australians, war graves and the Great War /." Crawley : University of West Australia Press, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41067725t.
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Lawson, Kenneth Gregory. "War at the grassroots : the great war and the nationalization of civic life /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10723.
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Cranstoun, James G. M. "The impact of the Great War on a local community : the case of East Lothian." n.p, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Russell, Bruce. "International law at sea, economic warfare, and Britain's response to the German U-boat campaign during the First World War." Thesis, n.p, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Hallifax, Stuart. "Citizens at war : the experience of the Great War in Essex, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:73fe34ce-e418-414c-8939-819b14a1f81f.
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This thesis examines the experiences and attitudes of civilians in Essex during the First World War, 1914-1918. Through these it explores the reasons for people’s continued support for the war and how public discourse shaped conceptions of the war’s purpose and course and what sacrifices were needed and acceptable in pursuit of victory. This combination kept the war comprehensible and enabled people to continue to support it. Vital to getting a picture of how the war was understood is an account of the role of the local elites that sought to shape popular knowledge and attitudes about the war. The narratives of the war, the discourse of sacrifice, and elites’ roles evolved with events at home and at the front. Chapter 1 deals with the initial reactions to the war and growing acceptance of the major war narratives. The second and third chapters address two of their major features: attitudes towards the enemy and volunteering for the armed forces. The fourth chapter addresses the changes to the war's narratives and ideas of sacrifice as casualties and hardships increased from 1916, while Chapter 5 provides an in-depth case study of local military service tribunals. The final chapter deals with the crises of 1917-18, which covered both the expected course of the war and the image of equal sacrifice, and how local and national elites overcame these problems. The successful depiction of the Great War as necessary, just, winnable, and fought against an evil enemy allowed civilians to accept sacrifices in order to win. An evolving discourse of sacrifice framed what was expected of and acceptable to civilians. Local elites played an essential role: advocating sacrifice and endurance for the national cause while also working to ensure that sacrifices were minimised and borne equally. This combination of framing the war and mitigating its effects was vital in maintaining civilian support for the war effort.
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Reyburn, Karen Ann. "Blurring the boundaries, images of women in Canadian propaganda of World War I." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35925.pdf.
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Forrest, Christopher S. "The 52nd (Lowland) Division in the Great War, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26681/.
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The historiography on the conduct of British military operations, 1914-1918, is geographically narrow in focus, concentrating predominately on the actions and performance of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in France and Belgium. This thesis will, to an extent, attempt to fill this gap in British military history by examining the military experience of one territorial division, the 52nd Lowland, which fought in three separate theatres: Gallipoli (June 1915- January 1916), Egypt and Palestine (February 1916 - March 1918), and the Western Front (April - November 1918). It will seek to answer one principal question, namely: how, and to what extent, did the military effectiveness of the 52nd (Lowland) Division improve during the First World War? However, in order to provide a coherent and differentiated approach to answering this question, five sub-questions will also be posed, relating to infantry tactics and techniques, training, morale and unit cohesion, combined arms warfare and the operational context in which the division was employed. These questions, in addition to other issues such as the division's Scottish identity, will help focus attention on the complexity of the 'learning curve' on which the division found itself. As such, the experience of the 52nd (Lowland) Division provides an ideal case study by which it can be ascertained whether the learning process of the British Army in the First World War was centralised, and hence 'universal', or whether the tactics of units outside the Western Front developed independently of the BEF.
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Bobič, Pavlina. "War and faith : he Catholic Church in Slovenia, 1914-1918." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503933.
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In response to Gavrilo Princip's shots on 28 June 1914, the Catholic Church in the Slovenian lands described the deaths of Franz Ferdinand and of his consort as those of martyrs, which provided a rich reservoir of biblically inspired arguments when the moment arrived to justify war against the Serbs and their allies. By arguing that Slovenians merely claimed their natural rights, based in divine law, the Catholic Church backed the political option that ultimately led to the creation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.
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Brown, Alison M. "Army chaplains in the First World War." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2771.
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In 1914, Church leaders assumed that fighting men would require the ministrations of ordained clergymen close to the front line. The War Office Chaplains' Department had few plans for the deployment of chaplains beyond a general expectation that the Churches would be willing to release men for service as required. Army Officers seemed to have little warning about the arrival of chaplains to accompany their units and very few ideas about the role chaplains could be expected to fulfil once they had arrived. The chaplains themselves embarked on overseas service with no special training and very little guidance about the nature of the task ahead of them. They received very little support from the Chaplains' Department or their home church in the first months of the war. Left to carve out a role for themselves, they were exposed to an environment churchmen at home could not begin to comprehend. Many chaplains left diaries and letters, the majority of which have never been published. They provide a unique insight into life with the troops, seen through the eyes of men who owed their first allegiance to their Church rather than to the Army whose uniform they wore. Post-war criticism of chaplains has obscured the valuable contribution many clergymen made to the well-being of the troops and to the reform movement within the Church of England after the war. The files of the Archbishop of Canterbury also provide important information about the troubled relationships between chaplains and their Department and with Church leaders at home. In seeking to determine the nature of the chaplains' duties and responsibilities, this study attempts to discover why clergymen faced so much criticism and why even their own churches were sometimes alarmed by the views aired by serving chaplains.
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Carden, Ron M. "German policy toward neutral Spain, 1914-1918." New York : Garland, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35698574t.
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Novick, Ben. "Conceiving revolution : Irish nationalist propaganda during the First World War /." Dublin : Four Courts press, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389565466.
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Jones, A. Philip. "Britain's search for Chinese cooperation in the First World War." New York : Garland, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13703311.html.
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Tranter, Samuel J. "Fighting the last war : Britain, the lost generation and the Second World War." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15606.
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Concerted efforts to debunk popular myths about the Great War have resulted in cant attention being paid to the purpose and value of the lost generation myth within British society, particularly during times of further conflict such as the Second World War. This thesis reveals the benefits of reflecting on the previous conflict in ways connected with the concept of a lost generation during the years 1939-45. These benefits boiled down to the fact that myths exist for their utility as means of comprehending both past and present. This applied to the myth in its strictest sense as an explanatory narrative used to interpret demographic issues as well as psychological, spiritual and material ones. Notions of a missing generation and visions of the living lost are therefore used to demonstrate how the concept of a lost generation was used to make sense of the world. Also examined are the myth's wider discursive effects. Other handy devices used to understand the past and to approach the present were powerful symbols and commemorative narratives closely connected to visions of a lost generation. Analysis of the myth-making power of major poets demonstrates how engagement with the iconic status and visions of Rupert Brooke, Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sasoon was used to outline contemporary concerns. A detailed examination of the language surrounding the British Legion's Poppy Appeal and the observance of Armistice Day also shows how these rituals were used not only to frame loss but also to understand and explain the renewal of international conflict. By exposing the utility of these related discourses and practices, as well as of the myth in its own right, this thesis ultimately illuminates a crucial phase in the myth's endurance as a popular definition of what happened between 1914 and 1918.
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Mepham, Leslie P. "Making their mark, Canadian snipers and the Great War, 1914-1918." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30969.pdf.
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Weise, Niels. "Der "lustige" Krieg Propaganda in deutschen Witzblättern 1914-1918 /." Rahden/Westf. : VML, Leidorf, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/226970616.html.
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McCulloch, Ian M. "The Fighting Seventh, the evolution & devolution of tactical command and control in a Canadian infantry brigade of the Great War." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22774.pdf.
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