Dissertations / Theses on the topic '1909-1914'
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Gade, Christel. "Gleichgewichtspolitik oder Bündnispflege? : Maximen britischer Aussenpolitik (1909-1914) /." Göttingen ; Zürich : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39906662t.
Full textBehr, Shulamith. "Wassily Kandinsky as playwright : the stage - compositions 1909-1914." Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292267.
Full textUzel, Meltem. "British Sea Power And Oil Policy In The Persian Gulf 1909-1914." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608056/index.pdf.
Full texts oil related naval policies from 1909 to 1914 in the formation of British oil diplomacy in the northern hinterlands of the Persian Gulf. On the basis of this attempt, it examines the precise beginning of oil security concerns of Britain and its articulation on the southwest Persian and Mesopotamian oil basins in light of the transition of the Royal Navy from coal to oil burning internal combustion engines. It delineates the interconnectedness of the issues relating to the significance of oil in British naval developments and naval supremacy and her clash of interests with the other Great Naval Powers, which had significant interest in oil rich Mesopotamia and southern Persia. By 1914, the Admiralty, through its exceptional relations with the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in the hinterlands of the Persian Gulf became an important actor in the government&rsquo
s involvement in the oil industry. This thesis, suggests that the Admiralty was the political demand channel in the processes of British imperial expansion under the spread of new imperialism in general, and in the consolidation of fuel oil security in particular. The study will be a contribution to the academic literature on the history of naval powers in Turkey.
De, Togni Monica. "Il governo locale in Cina (1909-1914): funzionari, elezioni e assemblee nel Sichuan." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/366.
Full textДенисюк, Сергій Петрович. "Українознавство на початку 20 століття: характер, проблеми (на матеріалі журналу "Українська хата" (1909-1914))." Diss. of Candidate of Philological Sciences, КУ ім. Т.Шевченка. Ін-тут українознавства, 1998.
Find full textCicali, Ilaria. "Alexander Archipenko (1909-1914) : une oeuvre au carrefour des expériences de la sculpture moderne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100094.
Full textBetween his arrival in Paris in 1909, and the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Alexander Archipenko created nearly fifty sculptures, which he presented at the Salon des Indépendants, the Salon d’Automne, numerous cubist exhibitions, as well as two personal exhibitions organized in Germany (Hagen and Berlin). His name appeared often in the reviews of the Salons that were published in the press. Considered as both a ‘cubist sculptor’ and a ‘novateur élégant’ (in the decorative sense), Archipenko actively participated in both of these artistic currents, which together led to the development of modern sculpture. Despite his importance, only part of his artistic production from this period is generally known today, many of the works were lost or re-worked at a later date. The aim of this thesis is to reconstitute his corpus of work in its original state, as well as document his participation in expositions, in order to place Archipenko’s artwork within the Parisian antebellum artistic scene, and in doing so, create a context in which his work may be compared to that of other sculptors, colleagues, and painters of the epoch. This work is based upon an attentive formal analysis of these works, and thorough review of the exhibition catalogue of the period. And also, by the analysis of different archives, among which the “Der Strum” archives (Staatsbibliothek of Berlin), the Archipenko Foundation’s ones (Bearsville, NY) and those of American Art (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.). From this research emerges the portrait of an artist who fully embraced the spirit of discovery of his times
Repussard, Catherine. "Ideologie coloniale et imaginaire mythique. La revue "kolonie und heimat" de 1909 a 1914." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20007.
Full textThe creation of the myth of the german colonial - as it appears in the review "kolonie un heimat" - seems to be structured around certain "mythotyps" ("mythologemes", to use the terminilogy of g. Durand upon whose our approach is based) : "nostalgia of origins", "the struggle between good and evil" ans "germanic cohesion and unlimited progress". These "mythotypes", wich have profound anthropologic roots and owe their resurgence to the socio-political situation of the kaisers germany, are centred on an essentially backward-looking utopia which has as its axis a return to "germaness" ("deutschtuum"). The fulfilment of the settler - a "new man", subscribing to a traditional, prechristian mysticism-is to be achieved within a "community of the people" ("volksgemeinschaft"). The german colonies thas become a real alternative, an ultimate hope for a reich considered as embasked on the road of decadence and degeneration
Lévy-Aksu, Noémi. "L'ordre public dans la capitale ottomane : Istanbul, 1879-1909." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0110.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the production of public order in the Ottoman capital between the late 1870's and the aftermath of the Young Turk Revolution. It tries to take into account both the discourses and practices related to public order in Istanbul. By analyzing state and non state discourses on order and disorders, I question the meaning of those notions in the Ottoman context and how their connotations were modified after 1908, pointing out the growing place of insecurity in public debates. Beyond representations, the modalities of maintaining order and social control in the capital are at the core of this study. During the period studied, police forces were institutionalized and spread throughout the city. The second part of the dissertation focuses on the aims of those police forces, their integration into the city and their inspirations at the lime of Abdüihamid II (1876-1909) and after the Young Turk revolution. The last part of Ibis work questions the persistence and redefinition of the role played by local actors in spatial and personal control. Case studies of specific categories (nightwatchers, strongarm men) and of a district of the city, Tophane, are used to analyze the interactions between the different actors and their relationships with the police forces
Galanopoulos, Philippe. "Le Dr. Bourneville, l'hystérie et l'anticléricalisme au début de la Troisième République : un médecin à l'assaut des superstitions et des croyances religieuses." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS001S.
Full textThis thesis concerns the clinical work of Dr. Bourneville (1840-1909) on hysteria and its instrumentality towards an anticlericalism aim. For eight years he was assistant to Pr. Charcot in the Salpêtrière (1871-1879), then head of the section called “des enfants” in Bicêtre (1879-1905). Désiré-Magloire Bourneville had never ceased identifying the demoniac and divine phenomena to the purest pathological manifestations of the “great neurosis”. Denying at the same time the influence of the devil and of God on the health and the life of humans, he had thus tried, since the years of the “Ordre moral” till the law of Separation of the Church from the State, to throw back religion and religious into a past made of obscurantism and barbarity, so as to better reclaim the foundation of a positive Republic, that is to say, laic and scientific
Gamalova-Malecot, Natalia. "Les essais critiques du poète I. F. Annenskij dans le contexte de la littérature russe et européenne à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècles." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO31010.
Full textLundström, Julia. "”Ingen av oss behöver stå utanför och se på” : Den socialdemokratiska kvinnorörelsens argumentation för kvinnlig rösträtt i tidningen Morgonbris, 1909-1914." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-134145.
Full textJewad, Kaïs. "Les cinq coups d'État militaires au sein de l'Empire Ottoman (1908-1913) : étude sur les sources arabes." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040009.
Full textAbret, Helga. "Albert Langen (1869-1909), éditeur et médiateur : contribution à l'histoire de la vie littéraire et des échanges intellectuels en Allemagne autour de 1900." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040166.
Full textAlbert Langen (1869-1909) belonged to a young generation of publishers who began publishing at the end of the nineteenth century; while managing their business, they became deeply and personally involved in it so that they really became genuine actors in the literary life of their time. The Albert Langen editing company has contributed to a large extent to circulating European literature, especially French (H. Becque, P. Hervieu, A. France, G. De Maupassant, O. Mirbeau, E. Zola) and Scandinavian writers (Bj. Bjornson, K. Hamsun, S. Lagerlof, V. Von Heidenstam). Langen has discovered and encouraged German writers such as H. Mann and F. Wedekind. He published and edited "simplicissimus", the most widely-circulated and influential satirical periodical as the time of William II. Moreover, Langen had founded in 1907 a political and cultural bimonthly periodical, "Marz", which through articles from writers, artists, politicians, both German and French, strove to establish relationships between the two nations. This thesis based on many documents and still unpublished letters describes the activity of this publisher at the time of William II and thus reveals to the public a mediator of European stature
Sendesni, Wajda. "Les jeunes Turcs en Egypte 1895-1908 : histoire politique et intellectuelle." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0133.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to make known the Young Turks of Egypt who remained the big forgotten of the opposition movement to the regime of Abdülhamid which had been born in 1889 and the aim of which was to restore the Ottoman constitution of 1876. Without being more important than the others, the Egyptian branch of this movement had played a role in the ideological preparation of the revolution of 1908, and Cairo had been an important center for Young Turks' activities and publications. Egypt in which the Young Turks find refuge in the 1890s and the first decade of the XXth century facilitates, by its particular political context, the development of their activities. Egypt under occupation in which the British consul, the khedive and the sultan fight over the power offers to the opponents of Abdülhamid a quasi-total freedom of expression and action. The fact of being implanted in a country still considered as an ottoman province gives a strategic importance to the Egyptian branch. The nearness with the Empire makes the activities of the Young Turks in Cairo more disturbing for Abdülhamid than those that take place in Europe. In Egypt, the Young Turks are not the only ones to criticize the despotic regime of Abdülhamid, there are the Arabic liberals who share their ideas and pursue the same objective as them. Through this study, we can discover who the Young Turks in Egypt were, how they were organized, what their activities were, but also what they wrote and thought about questions like ottomanism, panislamism, caliphate, nationalism and materialism. Because the Young Turks are at the origin of what is caIled the revolution of 1908 in the Ottoman Empire, it is important to see which conception they had of the revolution generally and which ideological evolution of their movement had brought them of the peaceful opposition to the regime of Abdülhamid to the armed action as a way to restore the constitution
Bosc, Olivier. "La foule criminelle : positivisme, politique et criminologie en Italie à la fin du xix siècle. Scipio Sighele (1863-1913) et l'Ecole lombrosienne." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090018.
Full textGilodi, Alexis. "Agents de la République dans l’Empire ottoman (1875-1914) : aux avant-postes de la défense du rang de la France." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0001.
Full textIn the aftermath of a disastrous defeat by Prussia in 1870, France sought, in part through the expansion of her colonial domain, to retrieve her position as a great power.Financial imperialism created a semi-colonial aspect to the relationship between France and the Ottoman Empire. Similarly, the embrace of French culture by the Ottoman elite enhanced this tie. The expansion of the teaching of French throughout the empire was largely the work of the Catholic Church under the protection of the French consuls, themselves armed with the Capitulations and consequentially politically empowered. Thus, the French consular network in Turkey became the most entrenched of all the powersOne aspect of this work is the examination of the coherence between the consular staff resident in Turkey and the cultural standards of an oriental society in the midst of rapid change. Analysis of the reasons for the failures in this regard brings to light weakness of the foreign service at the time. The Republican regime increased the requirements for diplomats, consuls and dragomans while setting career path insulated from favouritism. These changes have been analyzed through a prosopographic study. Personal data of nearly five hundred officers and the details of their careers have been input in a database for the purpose of statistical analysis. Splitting the corpus in four groups according to four successive recruiting periods shows the evolutions that took place. Biographies of a number of these officers have been written illustrating statistical results or showing off meaningful exceptions. The consular network is a means but to what end? France’s strategic objectives, and those of the other powers, that underlined the development of their networks have been analyzed in a comparative perspective. Their rivalries in the Middle East hindered France’s formation of alliances, though that was a major goal of her foreign policy.The case study regarding Lebanon and the consulate general in Beirut addresses the question of patronage and the significance of influence in a region where Catholics are a minority and hold a weak economic and political power. Thus, is raised the question of the relationship between France and the Muslim world, exacerbated by the rise to power of the Young Turks
Moroni, Anastasia-Ileana. "Une nation impériale : construire une communauté politique ottomane moderne au lendemain de la révolution de 1908." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0023.
Full textThis thesis examines the transformation of the Ottoman political order in the aftermath of the 1908 Young Turk revolution. First, through bibliography and documents from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France (AMAE), I seek to re-evaluate the revolution that inaugurates the “Second Constitutional Era” in July 1908. Then, using again the AMAE as well as Ottoman and French language newspapers, but mostly analyzing in depth the minutes of the Ottoman Parliament from 1908-09, I present the main issues that the constitutional régime had to face, and the answers given by the élites who emerged thanks to the revolution. As the revolution had upset the Ottoman political order, deputies posing as representatives of an Ottoman nation demanded that legitimacy be transferred from the sultan-sovereign to the sovereign nation. But they also were challenged to define this nation – in a multi-ethnic empire – and set the rules according to which its general interests could be defined. On these issues, I observe that there are both agreements and disagreements among deputies; to a large extent, their views formed gradually, as they encountered unpredicted events. The thesis concludes that, in the end, the sovereignty of the nation was consolidated, but the nation was defined along the lines of Ottoman imperial traditions, as an “imperial nation. ” Elites found that the active implication of the totality of the people – whom they believed to be ignorant– and the possible upset of the fragile balance that existed among ethno-religious groups would be contrary to the raison d’état and would endanger the Empire’s integrity
Scarpa, Sébastien. "Algernon Charles Swinburne et les enjeux post-romantiques de la création." Grenoble 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE39049.
Full textAn enfant terrible of the Victorian age, Swinburne can be considered the heir of the great Romantic poets. In the wake of Blake, Wordsworth or Shelley, he embodied the spirit of rebellion generated by the structures of the modern world. Be they prophetic or aimed at expressing his longing for communion with the forces of Nature, his poems take us beyond the limits of reality. Yet, his work does not amount to the mere will to transcend life's restrictive boundaries. Shattered by the disrupting event of "God's death", Swinburne would also deal with the end of idealism by re-evaluating the stakes of living in a radically immanent world. Many of his poems thus reveal the foundations of an ethic taking into consideration what is "down below". It can therefore be said that Swinburne's twofold work somehow den ounces the very impossibilities of Romanticism. As far as style is concerned, the disappearance of God was also to have an influence on the poet's aesthetics for two contrary tendencies are once again at work in the typical Swinburnian text. On the one hand, it displays the Romantic desire for expanding the possibilities of signification by turning the lines of the verse into lines of flight, and, on the other hand, Swinburne's Post-Romantic distrust of what remains beyond reach resulted in a poetics based on the notions of completeness and self-sufficiency. Extremely tight and curled upon themselves, his poems are propitious to revealing the powers of a language assuming a material existence independent of what it should signify. Both a poet of constraint and expansion, Swinburne foreshadowed modernism by drawing on the very sources of Romanticism
Maia, Cláudio Silveira [UNESP]. "Pedras perdidas: o decadentismo e a visão pós-colonial de Gastão Cruls." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102361.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta tese, com base nos pensamentos de Franz Fanon, Homi Bhabha e Albert Memmi, faz uma leitura pós-colonial da obra do escritor brasileiro Gastão Cruls (1888-1959), examinando-a pelo viés de sua crítica à colonização e à neocolonização do Brasil e situando seu autor ao lado de Euclides da Cunha de Os sertões, como um dos mais importantes - se não o mais importante entre os de sua época - reveladores da realidade nacional, principalmente do Nordeste e do Norte do Brasil. Paralelamente, esta tese realiza uma leitura decadentista de alguns contos crulsianos e os examina em paralelo à obra de outros decadentistas, como Augusto dos Anjos, Alain Fournier e Oscar Wilde. O objetivo dessa leitura é, sobretudo, ressaltar, na obra de Gastão Cruls, sua produção decadentista de alto nível, ainda pouco estudada, como é a maioria de seus textos. Dessa forma, ao entrelaçar na análise da obra crulsiana a perspectiva pós-colonialista, para revelar o posicionamento crítico do autor em face de uma realidade histórica e de uma realidade social emergente, e a perspectiva decadentista, para explorar sua obra como uma manifestação estética singular que reage aos paradigmas da poética adotados pela sociedade burguesa, esta tese revela Gastão Cruls como um autor crítico, que nos dá uma faceta pouco explorada do período Modernista da Literatura Brasileira.
Based on FF’s, HB’s and AM’s thought, this dissertation offers a postcolonial reading of the work of the Brazilian writer Gastão Cruls (1888-1959) and examines his texts in the light of his critical stance against the colonization and neocolonization of Brazil. It also places Cruls, together with Euclides da Cunha, as one of the most important writers – and maybe the most important in his time – who revealed our national reality, especially of the north and northeast regions of the country. This dissertation also examines some of Cruls’s short stories with the lenses of the Decadent movement and compares them to the work of other writers, such as Augusto dos Anjos, Alain Fournier and Oscar Wilde. It stresses the importance of Cruls’s decadent texts and claims that they have not received the attention they deserve, as is also the case for most of his texts. Therefore, by intertwining a postcolonial perspective, that reveals Cruls’s critical view of the historical and emerging social reality of his country, with a decadent perspective, that elicits his singular literary response to the aesthetic paradigms of the Brazilian burgeois society of his time, this dissertation presents Gastão Cruls as a critical author that represents an almost unexplored aspect of the Brazilian Modernist period.
Doria, Carlos Alberto. "Cadencias e decadencias do Brasil : (o futuro da nação a sombra de Darwin, Haeckel e Spencer)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281054.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T12:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Doria_CarlosAlberto_D.pdf: 2382643 bytes, checksum: a52a5d9d551949816ee8d3cc71c5988d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: À constituição de uma nova nação corresponde também a formação da idéia que a expressa, o modo de representá-la como objeto do pensamento que abarca os seus caracteres sociais, culturais, econômicos, geográficos, históricos e políticos. O propósito dessa tese é estudar a formação desse objeto de pensamento primeiro como um requerimento da filosofia da história do século XIX e, depois, como noção trabalhada no bojo das teorias evolucionistas do período até ela se materializar através da ¿arte de governar¿. A orientação do estudo é, portanto, dispor a nação como conceito em formação segundo a diretriz de integração dos seus vários componentes. Os autores em cujos textos se persegue esse rocesso são, com prioridade, Euclides da Cunha, Manoel Bomfim e Silvio Romero e, secundariamente, Oliveira Vianna. A tese está dividida em quatro partes e nove capítulos. Na primeira parte, em três capítulos, são expostas as hipóteses do trabalho, o enquadramento histórico do tema e a diretriz de integração que orienta metodologicamente o estudo. Na segunda parte, composta por um capítulo, trata-se da filosofia da história como gênero literário típico do século XIX e dos problemas da absorção de uma nação nova nesse nível de representação da história, tomada como um processo ascensional marcado por descontinuidades ¿ ¿decadências¿ ¿ que também afetam a sua trajetória. Na terceira parte, composta por quatro capítulos, discorre-se sobre a adoção por autores nacionais dos paradigmas do evolucionismo, em variantes darwinistas e pré-darwinistas, como elementos de crítica do conhecimento no tratamento de temas como a hereditariedade e a adaptação, considerando as particularidades do meio e das ¿raças¿ humanas que integram idealmente a nação. É esse tratamento pelos autores nacionais que lhes permite vislumbrar uma agenda política para o Estado, agora como principal fautor da nação ou agente político da sua integração. Finalmente, na quarta parte são apresentados argumentos conclusivos do estudo a partir das correlações das partes da tese
Abstract: As it is well known, the constitution of a new nation also corresponds to the construction of the very idea of nation and its own way to represent it as the object of thought which embraces social, cultural, economic, geographic, historical and political characters. The aim of this dissertation is to study the formation of this object of thought first of all as a request of the Philosophy of History in the 19th century, and further, as a notion worked in the core of the evolutionist theories of the period up to its incorporation as object that the state shall incorporate in the ¿art of governing¿. Therefore, the guideline of the study is to display the nation as a concept under formation, according to the guidelines of the integration of its many components. The authors whose texts we pursue this processes are, primarily, Euclides da Cunha, Manoel Bomfim and Silvio Romero, and secondarily, Oliveira Vianna. The dissertation is divided into four parts and nine chapters. In the first part, in three chapters, the hypothesis of the work, the historic settlement of the theme, and the guideline of the integration which gives the methodological orientation of the study, are presented. The second part, corresponding to one chapter, deals with the Philosophy of History as a typical 19th century literary genre, and with the problems of absorbing a new nation in such a level of representation of History as a rising process marked by discontinuities, ¿decadency¿, which also affect the integration of new nations. The third part, composed by four chapters, discoursed about the adoption of the evolutionism paradigms by home authors in Darwinist and pre Darwinist variations, as elements for knowledge criticism in treating themes, such as heritage and the adaptation along the historical process, considering the particulars of the environment, and of the human ¿races¿ which integrate ideally into the nation. It is this treatment given by home authors that allows them to forsee a politic agenda for the Estate, now as the main nation factor or the political agent of its integration. Finally, the forth part presents final arguments of the study as of the correlations of the dissertation parts
Doutorado
Doutor em Sociologia
Knörzer, Heidi. "« Champion[s] de la même cause » ? : la pensée politique des rédacteurs de l’Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums et des Archives israélites entre Allemagne et France (1848-1914)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030066/document.
Full textThe articles published by Ludwig Philippson, Gustav Karpeles, Isidore Cahen and Hippolyte Prague inthe Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums and the Archives Israélites between 1848 and 1914 show a constant concern for politics. Their writings deal with such topics as equal rights for – and discrimination against – Jews, the relationship between politics and religion, the new political movements of the 19th century like nationalism, socialism or zionism. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to study the political discourse that manifests itself in the articles these journalists published in these journals. The political thought of Jewish minorities in 19thcentury Germany and France has been at the center of many scholarly works. Some of them adopt a national perspective, others – like the present study – chose a comparative framework approach, focusing essentially on the differences between the two Jewish communities’ points of view. These works are based on the assumption that Germany and France show basic structural differences, particularly with regards to the conception of nation, the role of religion and subsequently the emancipation model adopted for Jews, inferring that the same is true for the Jewish communities, their way of thinking, feeling and acting. While not denying the influence of thenational context on the way the journalists see the world, this dissertation rests on the conviction that it should not prevent us from seeing how their political discourses share a common logic. Its claim is that the political discourses of German and French Jews, far from being disconnected or opposed, did meet and influence one another to form a largely transnational discourse. The mere existence of these journals created contacts between the journalists that could, among other factors, explain the parallels and similarities in their political approaches
Massipe, Alexandre. "S'engager aux côtés de la classe ouvrière pour "changer la vie" : 1919-1939." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010519.
Full textKaynar, Erdal. "Ahmed Riza (1858-1930) : histoire d'un vieux Jeune Turc." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0129.
Full textThe thesis is on the Young Turk leader Ahmed Rıza (1858-1930). Through the life of a single person, the intellectual and political history of late Ottoman Empire with a special emphasis on the Young Turk movement is exemplified. The microhistorical approach aims at illustrating how ideological and political evolutions converged and interacted in one person, and thus, how a political interpretation of Ottoman reality was articulated. At the same time, it places Ahmed Rıza in the social, political, intellectual and cultural context of the French Third Republic. First, I explore the possibilities of a non-French existence in fin-de-siècle Paris in order to highlight Rıza’s role in Parisian society. Second, I underline the importance of this experience for Ahmed Rıza’s life in order to develop an understanding of this connected history between France and the Ottoman Empire. Rıza being one of the most important thinkers of his time, I analyze which socio-historical circumstances contributed to the development of a modernist political thought, which aimed at replacing the Ottoman Empire in the unified space-time of the fin-de-siècle world. At the same time, I stress the uncertainties and tensions of this thought, resulting often in contradictory interpretations of the Ottoman Empire and the world in general. The entire work emphasizes the global context of different cultural, intellectual and sociopolitical trends in the Ottoman Empire and France, and aims at their integration in a critical approach to modernity
Riginos, Michalis L. "Salaires et pouvoir d'achat en Grèce : 1909-1936." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010554.
Full textThrough this study i've attempted to reveal the factors that determine the mechanisms of the formation of industrial wages in Grece during the period 1900-1936. This study is divided into three parts : the first part takes into consideration : 1) The description of the documentation that has been used, 2) The problems that have been encountered and 3) The methode that has been chosen in order to evaluate the indices that helped us to follow the movements of wages and prices. The second part refers to the principals factors that determine the level of the worker's salary in the industry in the long term. The above factors are linked with the transformations that have occured in the structures of the productive sphere and in the demographique and social structure of the Greek society. The third part examines the fluctuations of worker wages in the industry and by extension the movements of workers incomes on the whole sector of transformation. The study's approach is concerned with the evolution of rate and structure of the nominal wages as much as with the variations that have been occured during the examined period, the purchasing power and more generally the standard of living of the workers in the secondary sector
Brinkmeier, Petra. "Weibliche Jugendpflege zwischen Geselligkeit und Sittlichkeit : zur Geschichte des Verbandes der evangelischen Jungfrauenvereine Deutschlands (1890-1918)." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2003. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1022/.
Full textIn der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhundert begann ein Teil des protestantischen Bürgertums damit, für die hochmobilen Unterschichts-Jugendlichen, die im Zuge der Industrialisierung als Handwerksgesellen und Dienstmädchen, später als Fabrikarbeiter und -arbeiterinnen in die expandierenden Großstädten gingen, Herbergen und Vereine zu gründen. Damit trugen die Initiatoren wesentlich zur Entstehung eines öffentliches Bewusstsein für die prekäre Lebenssituation der Unterschichtsjugend und für die Notwendigkeit präventiver Jugendarbeit bei. Der Verband initiierte dann in den Jahren um 1900 zahlreiche innovative soziale Projekte in der weiblichen Jugendpflege und Jugendfürsorge. Die Arbeit untersucht drei Bereiche: 1. Vereine (sog. Abendheime) und Wohnheime für Fabrikarbeiterinnen; 2. die 1894 begonnene Bahnhofmission, die sich der mobilen weiblichen Jugendlichen direkt an die Bahnhöfen annahm; 3. Erholungshäuser für erwerbstätige Jugendliche. Bei allen Initiativen arbeitete der Verband eng mit seinem lokalen Partner, dem Berliner Verein zur Fürsorge für die weibliche Jugend zusammen, der neue Arbeitsbereiche in der Praxis testete.
Neben der Verbandsgeschichte im engeren Sinne thematisiert die Untersuchung auch die Konzeption und die Inhalte der Vereinsarbeit. Orientiert an dem Konzept einer christlichen Persönlichkeitsbildung sollte die Vereinsarbeit möglichst viele Bereiche jugendlichen Lebens umfassen: Arbeit (inkl. Erholungsurlaub), Wohnen, Freizeit (Geselligkeit, Lektüre), Gesundheit und Bildung. Da jedoch aufgrund der Orientierung an einem konservativen Frauenbild der Bereich jugendlicher Sexualität bewusst ausgeklammert wurde, erreichte man mit diesem Konzept präventiver Jugendarbeit im wesentlichen nur die ohnehin wohlanständigen Jugendlichen.
Die Spannung zwischen einem konservativen Frauenbild einerseits und den modernisierenden Impulsen einer Jugendarbeit mit weiblichen Jugendlichen andererseits zeigt sich auch daran, dass der Verband durch die Gründung eines Berufsverbandes für Sozialarbeiterinnen (Verband der Berufsarbeiterinnen der Inneren Mission) und der Einrichtung von Ausbildungsstätten wesentlichen Anteil an den modernisierenden Prozessen der Verberuflichung der sozialen Arbeit und der kirchlichen Jugendpflege zu Berufen bürgerlicher Frauen hatte.
This is the first study into the Protestant association for female youths, the so-called Jungfrauenvereine, from their origins in the 1840s until World War I, and especially the German Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) founded in 1893.
In the first half of the 19th century, members of the Protestant middle-class began founding hostels and associations for the highly mobile youth from the lower classes that went to the expanding cities to find jobs as manual labourers or housemaids, then later as factory workers. As a consequence, the initiators of Protestant youth welfare contributed significantly to the common awareness for the precarious situation of lower class youth (females) and of the necessity for preventive youth care.
In the decade preceding and subsequent to 1900, the Association initiated various pioneering social projects in the area of female youth work and youth welfare. This study examines three areas: 1. The associations and homes for young female workers; 2. The Railway Station Mission (Bahnhofsmission) which was founded in 1894 and cared for mobile female youths directly at the central stations of big cities. 3. Rest homes for young working women. In all these efforts the national associations worked together very closely with their local partner, the Berlin Association for the Welfare of Female Youths (Berliner Verein zur Fürsorge für die weibliche Jugend), which tested and practised new forms of social work.
Apart from the history of the German Young Women’s Christian Association in a narrower sense, this study also explores the conception and content of the Association’s work. Based on the concept of Christian inspired personal development, the work of the Association sought to encompass various parts of juvenile life such as: work (including holiday), living, leisure (social gatherings, reading), health and education. Because of the focus on conservative female role models, juvenile sexuality was explicitly ignored. This meant that this concept of preventive youth care only reached those young women who already conducted themselves in the perceived decency.
The tension between the conservative female role model on the one hand and the modernising impact of new models of youth welfare on the other hand is also visible in the fact that the Association made an essential contribution to the institutionalisation of new social professions for middle-class women by founding a vocational association of social workers and vocational schools and colleges.
Vial, Monique. "Les origines de l'enseignement spécial en France : histoire et enjeux d'une loi scolaire, les racines de la psychologie à l'école (1882-1909)." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H055.
Full textFrom sources of the time (educational reviews and congresses, litterature on abnormal children, parlementary documents, records), the thesis examines the validity of traditionally recognized historical constructions, and critical theories of the left, after 1968. It shows : 1) that the creation of special classes in 1909, and the elaboration of the notion of "debilite mentale" by Binet and Simon do not come from a request of the school, related to the compulsory education; 2) that the conflicts observed at that time, concerning abnormal children cannot be reduced to a simple rivality between physicians and psychologists or psychopedagogues; 3) that the creation of special classes is a multiple and contradictory project, which cannot be interpreted in a simple socio-political way. These questions are studied by the author as a special education specialist and in the light of her marxist ideology. Her results tend to show that a new critical approach is possible, based on the analysis of Binet and Simon's researches, and on a confrontation between the notion of "debilite mentale" and the actual treatment of school problems. The thesis concluded with a question about the way history of special education has been written. In particular, it tries to show h ow it is possible that, in France as well as in others countries, the historical models elaborated during more than half a century appear not to coincide with the data collected
Islert, Camille. "Renée Vivien, une poétique sous influence ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2021. https://bsnum.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/files/original/1338/6773/These_en_cours_de_traitement.pdf.
Full textThe generative value given to the influence of male works on women’s poetic writings at the turn of the 20th century has durably conditioned their reading. A prime example of this is the case of Renée Vivien: embarrassed by a work that is going backward Belle Epoque’s “feminine poetry”, critics have willingly analysed it exclusively through the prism of symbolist, decadent and Parnassian male milestones. Going against this tendency, the thesis proposes another interpretation of Renée Vivien's poetry. Taking as a starting point the abundance of remarks about imitation developed in her writing, the present analysis underlines the rework, subversion and emancipation process which conditions the emergence of a lesbian poetic subjectivity. In particular, the complex intertextual mesh, the renewal of fin-de-siècle aesthetics, and the reversal of decadent feminine representations are analysed in order to emphasize the reflexivity that presides over the whole creative process. With regards to the power stakes which constrain female and lesbian speech, the parodic posture – characteristic of the period – borrows here a singular turn. While being written, the text expresses the difficulty to compose with an alienating material in several ways. The thesis shows how this existential tension catalyzes the coexistence of two poetics - which are also two visions of influence - represented by the figures, both similar and inverse, of the “Androgyne” and the “Double Being”, whose images are diffused throughout the work
Slavkova-Montexier, Iveta. "L' homme n'est peut-être pas le centre de l'univers : la crise de l'humanisme et l'Homme nouveau des avant-gardes (1909-1930)." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010542.
Full textChardeau, Xavier. "Henri Bellery-Desfontaines (1867-1909) : peintre – Illustrateur – Décorateur, caractéristique de l'Art Nouveau." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040016.
Full textIn Paris around 1900, a generation of young artists, influenced by a variety of currents, such as Gothic Revival or Symbolism, shared a similar artistic outlook. Henri Bellery-Desfontaines (1867-1909) was part of that generation of artists who began their careers as painters, often aiming for careers in mural painting, and quickly showed an interest in the decorative arts, seduced by the idea of a total art. He started in Pierre-Victor Galland’s workshop, where he learned decoration; then in 1890, he entered Jean-Pierre Laurens’ one at the Ecole Nationale des Beaux Arts in Paris. At the same time, he started decorating the staff room at the Hôpital de la Charité where he befriended a group of young doctors who would subsequently follow his entire career. Then, he illustrated artistic magazines and somes books. But his artistic preferences gradually shifted from painting to the decorative arts. He started designing carpets and a few pieces of furniture. Then, with the support of a few wealthy patrons, Bellery-Desfontaines began designing increasingly ambitious complete interiors, focus on the notion of total art. Towards the end of his life he took a more active part in the debate over the decorative arts, which was a hallmark of the period. His vast artistic legacy is both influential and eclectic, yet remains little known. Bellery-Desfontaines was a complete artist, as were many of the artists at the time. An idealist, whose ambition was to make art for every day life, he died abruptly at the age of forty two, far too young to complete his career and achieve fame, for many of his project remained unfinished
Avakian, Alexandre. "La presse française et la question arménienne (1894-1914) : des massacres hamidiens (1894-1896) à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010580.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze the internal events in the Ottoman Empire against Armenians from 1894 until 1914 in the eyes of the French public through the French journalists' sources. 1894 start of the massacres of Armenians to the takeover of the Young Turks (1908), how the years of Abdul Hamid II to the Armenian population were they received and what was the vision of the Union government (1908 -1914) against the Armenians? This is an overview of the main issues that will be addressed through the study
Guay, Hervé. "Les discours sur le théâtre dans la presse hebdomadaire montréalaise de langue française de 1898 à 1914 : des genres journalistiques et des composantes identitaires en compétition /." Montréal : Université du Québec à Montréal, 2005. http://accesbib.uqam.ca/cgi-bin/bduqam/transit.pl?&noMan=24249404.
Full textEn tête du titre: Université du Québec à Montréal. Bibliogr.: f. [390]-407. Publié aussi en version électronique.
Ulugana, Sedat. "Bitlis : évolution socio-politique d'une province ottomane (1908-1914)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0192.
Full textBitlis, also known by the Armenian name «Paghesh», is located in a remote mountain town in today’s Turkey, but throughout history it was the name of an important political and administrative centre. Beginning in the early 1200s, with the Sheref khan dynasty, the Bitlis Emirate ended in the mid-1800s after a series of bloody wars and political issues with the Ottomans, the Safavids states and the neighbouring Kurdish emirates. With Bitlis at the center of the emirate, the administrative boundaries included a wide geographic area including the southern of Siirt, Bingöl, Muş and Van Lake. The city of Bitlis was home to more than one ethnic and religious communities was located on the plains of Diyarbekir-Cizre to Kurdistan’s highest mountains and the Anatolian Plateau to Iran and connecting the Caucasus with the strategic Silk Route.After the strategic position of this economic gain was confiscated and (self-) autonomous structure was abolished, Bitlis was then an ordinary mountain town and was transferred into a classic Ottoman vilayet in the late 1870s. In the newly established vilayet, the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamit was trying to consolidate his authority while the missionaries who adopted the doctrine of Halidi (Nakshibendi) and attempted to spread this doctrine as well as the missionaries who aimed to reverse the Eastern Christianity emerged as the protector of the Sunni Kurds and also as the patron of the Armenians and split the authority in the vilayet with the Sultan. On the grounds of the diversity of ethnic, religious and social and political power, no authority renounced its role until in 1908, whenthe Young Turk entered the period. With its political, social and economic transformations the Vilayet of Bitlis was a miniature of Kurdistan. As the matter of fact, the Young Turk Regime replaced Abdulhamit while the missionaries were replaced by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) and the Sheikhs the only group which had not lost its power. In this dissertation the situation of theVilayet of Bitlis which tries to exist in the quadrant of the state, the Halidi Sheikhs, tribal leaders and the Bedirhan’s, is being described in three chapters with the title « violence », «revolution» and rebellion» during the Young Turk regime
Roumanoff, P. A. "The change brought about by the designers for the Ballet Russe, 1909-1914." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/18584.
Full textJones, Zoe Marie. "A Transnational Bohemia: Dandyism and the Dance in the Futurist Art of Gino Severini, 1909-1914." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/4995.
Full textABSTRACT
My dissertation studies the intersection of popular entertainment and the visual arts in Paris during the first decades of the twentieth century and the dialogue that formed between this subculture and the avant-garde factions of Paris and Italy. While this project will focus on the Italian Futurist Gino Severini (1883-1966), it is not conceived of as a monograph. Instead I will use Severini as a case study to help make sense of a complicated world in which the boundaries between bohemia and the bourgeoisie, masculinity and femininity, and art and popular culture are transgressed and blurred. Severini is particularly well suited to this discussion because nearly all of the 170 paintings, sketches, and pastels that he produced between the time that he arrived in Paris and the outbreak of the First World War take as their subject a prime example of Parisian popular culture--Montmartre's dance-halls. My study will address how form and content interrelate in these works, analyzing the ongoing evolution of his style and the manner in which he developed his imagery to cater to both commercial and avant-garde audiences. It will also seek to make sense of the reception of Severini's work both in France and elsewhere. In order to make sense of his artistic career and to divine the importance of his life and work to the greater political and cultural environment of early twentieth-century Europe, I will also explore Severini's actual participation in dance-hall culture, his self-fashioning as a dandy and a foreigner, and his attempt to find a niche for himself in Paris while still maintaining a foothold in the Italian avant-garde. Gino Severini's unique posturing within the culture of Bohemian Paris and the rich visual record that he left behind provide a perfect platform from which to deepen our understanding of the multitude of factors influencing the Parisian avant-garde and its subsequent impact on avant-gardes throughout the rest of the Western world.
Dissertation
Benoit, Marie-Soleil. "Ne pas écrire pour les petites filles : analyse des stratégies discursives dans les "Modernités" (1906-1909) et Le débutant (1914) d'Arsène Bessette." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5222/1/M12707.pdf.
Full textBeales, Brodie Jane. "Becoming-Dionysian : art, exploration and the human condition in the works of Rimbaud, Burroughs and Bacon / Brodie Beales." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22229.
Full textxii, 324 p., [31] leaves of plates : col. ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2005
TROILO, Simona. "Patrimonio : il bene storico e l'identità locale nell'Italia centrale (1860-1909)." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6005.
Full textExamining board: Prof. Heinz-Gerard Haupt, IUE ; Prof.ssa Luisa Passerini (supervisor), Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut, Essen - Università di Torino) ; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, Università "La Sapeinza", Roma ; Prof. Salvatore Settis, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
Jodoin, Nicolas. "Les intérêts belges dans la province ottomane d'Alep selon la correspondance des consuls Picciotto et Poche (1855-1914)." Mémoire, 2014. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5990/1/M13239.pdf.
Full textLefebvre, Chantal. "L'architecture monumentale à caractère civique dans les Cantons-de-l'Est de 1855 à 1914 : étude de cas : le district judiciaire de Bedford." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3420/1/M11445.pdf.
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