Journal articles: '190102 Ecosystem adaptation to climate change'

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Xavier, Luciana Yokoyama, Maila Guilhon, Leandra Regina Gonçalves, Marina Ribeiro Corrêa, and Alexander Turra. "Waves of Change: Towards Ecosystem-Based Management to Climate Change Adaptation." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 25, 2022): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031317.

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Coastal climate change impacts challenge policy and decision makers to adopt more effective adaptation measures. The ecosystem-based management approach can shift adaptation towards a more holistic, integrated and sustainable path. However, as countries work on strategies to adapt to climate change, the questions of if and how such agendas consider and operationalise ecosystem-based management remains. As one of the world’s largest coastal countries, Brazil can have a prominent role in advancing the implementation of ecosystem-based management to coastal zones. By analysing two national Brazilian climate change adaptation institutions, this article evaluates and discusses the country’s advances in promoting climate change adaptations based on ecosystem-based management principles. Our findings show that, although Brazil has incorporated many ecosystem-based management principles to climate change adaptation at the national level, greater attention should be given to operationalizing principles related to acknowledging uncertainties, sustainability, democracy and knowledge production and application. The challenges to implement these principles mirror historical challenges of Brazilian coastal management policies, such as balancing development and conservation, promoting social participation and implementing effective social-ecological assessments and monitoring programs. Policy makers, scientists and communities should be aware of the need to strengthen ecosystem-based management principles in the current adaptation agenda in order to enhance its capacity to foster adaptation and just coastal sustainability.

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Piccininni, Frank. "Adaptation to Climate Change and the Everglades Ecosystem." Environmental Claims Journal 26, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2014.872975.

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Lavorel, Sandra, Bruno Locatelli, Matthew J. Colloff, and Enora Bruley. "Co-producing ecosystem services for adapting to climate change." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1794 (January 27, 2020): 20190119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0119.

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Ecosystems can sustain social adaptation to environmental change by protecting people from climate change effects and providing options for sustaining material and non-material benefits as ecological structure and functions transform. Along adaptation pathways, people navigate the trade-offs between different ecosystem contributions to adaptation, or adaptation services (AS), and can enhance their synergies and co-benefits as environmental change unfolds. Understanding trade-offs and co-benefits of AS is therefore essential to support social adaptation and requires analysing how people co-produce AS. We analysed co-production along the three steps of the ecosystem cascade: (i) ecosystem management; (ii) mobilization; and (iii) appropriation, social access and appreciation. Using five exemplary case studies across socio-ecosystems and continents, we show how five broad mechanisms already active for current ecosystem services can enhance co-benefits and minimize trade-offs between AS: (1) traditional and multi-functional land/sea management targeting ecological resilience; (2) pro-active management for ecosystem transformation; (3) co-production of novel services in landscapes without compromising other services; (4) collective governance of all co-production steps; and (5) feedbacks from appropriation, appreciation of and social access to main AS. We conclude that knowledge and recognition of co-production mechanisms will enable pro-active management and governance for collective adaptation to ecosystem transformation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions’.

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Yashkina, Viktoriia. "TOOLS FOR FINANCING ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 10(29) (2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.10(29).10.

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The article aims to determine the "portfolio" of financing ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change based on the analysis of traditional market instruments used to preserve, maintain and restore ecosystem services and biodiversity. The definition of ecosystem-based adaptation, its qualification criteria and elements of their application in contrast to traditional economic measures for biodiversity and nature conservation are revealed. The relevance of using ecosystem and nature-based approaches to adapt to climate change and reduce the risk of natural disasters given the increasing frequency of extreme weather events associated with climate change – severe droughts, floods, heatwaves, storms and other hazards are explored. Accordingly, the urgency of adaptation to climate-related risks and hazards in different economic sectors, e.g. agriculture, land use, fisheries, and natural components with a focus on the climate impacts prognosis for the European region, using effective and affordable measures with additional long term social and environmental benefits are explained. Trends and specific gaps in the international experience in financing climate adaptation measures are considered. The most common instruments for financing nature-based solutions and ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change, which are already used in world practice or have the potential of their practical implementation in various sectors, including environmental and carbon taxes, subsidies, tradable environmental permits, risk insurance, obligations, debt and equity instruments, as well as innovative forms of green loans, green bonds, and climate-related insurance types are systematized and represented. The specifics of financing such measures through international funds, development banks and European Union funds are considered. Possibilities of integrating financing of ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change to the current processes of climate change adaptation policy development of Ukraine, particularly in the context of performance of obligations under the Paris climate agreement, are considered.

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Hessen, Dag O., and Vigdis Vandvik. "Buffering Climate Change with Nature." Weather, Climate, and Society 14, no. 2 (April 2022): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-21-0059.1.

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Abstract It is increasingly evident that climate sustainability depends not only on societal actions and responses, but also on ecosystem functioning and responses. The capacity of global ecosystems to provide services such as sequestering carbon and regulating hydrology is being strongly reduced both by climate change itself and by unprecedented rates of ecosystem degradation. These services rely on functional aspects of ecosystems that are causally linked—the same ecosystem components that efficiently sequester and store carbon also regulate hydrology by sequestering and storing water. This means that climate change adaptation and mitigation must involve not only preparing for a future with temperature and precipitation anomalies, but also actively minimizing climate hazards and risks by conserving and managing ecosystems and their fundamental supporting and regulating ecosystem services. We summarize general climate–nature feedback processes relating to carbon and water cycling on a broad global scale before focusing on Norway to exemplify the crucial role of ecosystem regulatory services for both carbon sequestration and hydrological processes and the common neglect of this ecosystem–climate link in policy and landscape management. We argue that a key instrument for both climate change mitigation and adaptation policy is to take advantage of the climate buffering and regulative abilities of a well-functioning natural ecosystem. This will enable shared benefits to nature, climate, and human well-being. To meet the global climate and nature crises, we must capitalize on the importance of nature for buffering climate change effects, combat short-term perspectives and the discounting of future costs, and maintain or even strengthen whole-ecosystem functioning at the landscape level. Significance Statement Natural ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, and heaths are key for the cycling and storage of water and carbon. Preserving these systems is essential for climate mitigation and adaptation and will also secure biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. Systematic failure to recognize the links between nature and human well-being underlies the current trend of accelerating loss of nature and thereby nature’s ability to buffer climate changes and their impacts. Society needs a new perspective on spatial planning that values nature as a sink and store of carbon and a regulator of hydrological processes, as well as for its biodiversity. We need policies that fully encompass the role of nature in preventing climate-induced disasters, along with many other benefits for human well-being.

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K. BOOMIRAJ, SUHAS P. WANI, P. K. AGGARWAL, and K. PALANISAMI. "Climate change adaptation strategies for agro-ecosystem – a review." Journal of Agrometeorology 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v12i2.1297.

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Agriculture the major economic and social activity in the globe. It is understood that agriculture is highly sensitive to climatic variability and likely to be affected most to predicted climate change. The fourth assessment report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reconfirmed that the phenomenon of existence of climate change in recent decades is due to anthropogenic activities. It is also revealed the availability of wide array of adaptation options for agro-ecosystem to cope up with the impact of climate change. However, it is important to design more extensive adaptation strategies to reduce vulnerability of agriculture and rural poor to impacts of climate change. Climate change impacts and responses are presently observed as autonomous adaptation in the physical and ecological systems as well as in human adjustments to resource availability and risks at different spatial and trophic levels. But these strategies are not enough to reduce the current anthropogenic driven climate change, so there is a need to adopt the planned adaptation. This paper reviews the findings based on the series of studies carried across the globe on the potential adaptation strategies to alleviate the impact of climate change by improving the resilience of the agro-ecosystems. Adaptation strategies have to be in place to reduce vulnerability to climate change through developing consensus between industrialized countries and developing countries at global scale, whereas new public policies in place at national regional and local level is prudent to support adaptation research, insurances, incentives to farmers to adapt new technologies.

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Zawude Bakure, Berhanu, Kitessa Hundera, and Magarsa Abara. "Review on the effect of climate change on ecosystem services." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1016, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1016/1/012055.

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Abstract Currently, ecosystem services (the benefits society drive from the ecosystem) are under pressure from climate change. With increasing climate change over time, the influence that it can cause ecosystem service attracted the attention of the world more than ever. In our daily life, directly or indirectly we rely on benefits gained from the ecosystem. This review paper was aimed to address the effects of climate change on ecosystem services with its possible mitigation and adaptation measures by analyzing articles, books, and reports collected from trusted journals and websites. The range and extents of ecosystem service can be affected in quality and quantity both directly and indirectly due to climate change over time. Supporting services of the ecosystem like biomass production, nutrient cycling, soil formation, atmospheric oxygen, production, and the water cycle were affected. Similarly, provisioning services such as food, drinking water, timber, wood fuel, fodder, wood, fibers, plants, and animal species are affected. Regulating services like cross-pollination, seed dispersal, decomposition, water regulation, flood control, carbon sequestration, and climate regulation are affected. Furthermore, cultural services like tourism and recreation, aesthetic values, cultural heritage, spiritual and religious values, educational values, social relations, and ecotourism are going to decline. Generally, understanding the effects of climate changes on ecosystem services became fundamentally important adaptation and mitigation of effect. Hence, conservation, protection, restoration, and appropriate management ecosystem are required for adaptation and mitigation of climate change effect.

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Barkdull, John, and Paul G. Harris. "Emerging responses to global climate change: ecosystem-based adaptation." Global Change, Peace & Security 31, no. 1 (May 21, 2018): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14781158.2018.1475349.

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Donatti, Camila I., Celia A. Harvey, David Hole, Steven N. Panfil, and Hanna Schurman. "Indicators to measure the climate change adaptation outcomes of ecosystem-based adaptation." Climatic Change 158, no. 3-4 (November 27, 2019): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02565-9.

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Karki, Gyanendra, Balram Bhatta, Naba R. Devkota, Ram P. Acharya, and Ripu M. Kunwar. "Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Interventions and Indicators in Nepal: Implications for Sustainable Adaptation." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 13195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313195.

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We reviewed 76 climate change adaptation projects that were operational between 2010 and 2020. The review was followed by office and field visits for verification. The office visit helped crosscheck the findings, and the field observations carried out between December 2020 and April 2021 asked 24 key informants and collected supplementary information appraisal and indicator development. Of the CCA projects studied, the most (n = 48, 32%) were community-based initiatives, while the least (n = 12, 8%) were ecosystem-based interventions. The main environment-centered projects were Ecosystem-based Adaptations and Ecosystems Protecting Infrastructure and Communities (EPIC) while Enhanced Action of Inclusive CSOs for Participation in Climate Resilient Economic Growth (UTHAN), Initiative for CCA (ICCA), Support to Rural Livelihoods and Climate Change Adaptation in the Himalayas (HIMALICA), etc., adaptation projects were community-based. Capacity building and awareness-raising were the major thrust of the CbA projects, while the abatement of climate vulnerabilities and risks through nature-based solutions were priorities of EbA. Payment for Ecosystem services is a nature-based solution that can play a role in enhancing adaptation to climate change at a local scale by adopting community-based and culturally appropriate methods and enhancing and incentivizing adaptation measures and capacities. A set of 11 criteria and 40 indicators comprised the institutional and behavioral responses and the use of technologies, and the design of climate-resilient plans and climate-smart practices were proposed as appraisal measures to evaluate the success of CCA interventions. The importance of criteria and indicators lies in the fact that such a comprehensive assessment would lead to effective and efficient adaptation projects, which could help benefit beyond the borders. It also furthers ongoing adaptation interventions and is set to be an integral part of associated studies and monitoring and review of new adaptation interventions.

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Shekmohammed, Siraj. "The Role of Agroforestry in Ecosystem Service and Climate Change Regulation: A Review." Middle East Research Journal of Biological Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/merjbs.2021.v01i01.003.

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Abstract: Agroforestry systems are believed to provide several ecosystem services; however, until recently evidence in the agroforestry literature supporting these perceived benefits has been lacking. This paper aimed to provide empirical information on the role of agroforestry in ecosystem maintenance and climate change adaptation and mitigation provided by agroforestry. Agroforestry has played a greater role in the maintenance of the ecosystem and mitigation of CO2 than monocropping and open cereal-based agriculture but less than natural forest. The three components of agroforestry are important for biodiversity conservation, CO2 sequestration, and climate change adaptation. CO2 sequestration through above and ground biomass, offsetting CO2 emission from deforestation and microclimate modification are major climate change mitigation effects. Provision of numerous ecosystem services such as food, fodder, and fuel wood, income source, and enhancing soil productivity help the community to sustain changing climate effects. Hence, considerable attention needs to be given to agroforestry to contribute considerable benefit to the maintenance of the ecosystem, and climate change mitigation and adaptation next to a forest.

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Nikodemus, Andreas, Miroslav Hájek, Albertina Ndeinoma, and Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri. "Forest Ecosystem Services-Based Adaptation Actions Supported by the National Policy on Climate Change for Namibia: Effectiveness, Indicators, and Challenges." Forests 13, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111965.

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Forest ecosystem services are crucial in adaptation, mitigation, and increasing climate change resilience. Although most climate change policies promote adaptation actions in forest ecosystem services, there are limited studies focusing on the forest ecosystem services-based adaptation actions supported by the National Policy on Climate Change for Namibia (NPCC). This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of forestry adaptation actions of the NPCC. An independent t-test for non-categorical data was used for the statistical analysis to compare mean scores of the implementation effectiveness of adaptation actions and challenges before and after the NPCC implementation, according to the perceptions of forestry and climate change cross-sectoral experts. A p-value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) was designated as the statistical significance. Adaptation actions in forest ecosystem services were significantly effective after the introduction of the NPCC. Biodiversity and carbon sequestration were significantly effective after the introduction of the NPCC. The most significant challenges identified were the lack of awareness, which affected adaptation actions before and after the policy. Afforestation, reforestation, awareness, and forestry research need strengthening to improve the effectiveness of the NPCC. Although our results showed that adaptation actions supported by the NPCC were generally effective after the introduction of the policy, we identified some implementation areas that require strengthening, mainly through research, to help in sound decision-making. We, therefore, recommend future research to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities (SWOT) of the NPCC and consequently design/propose a framework for forest ecosystem services-based adaptation actions in the policy to improve adaptation actions.

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Manes, Stella, Mariana M. Vale, Artur Malecha, and Aliny P. F. Pires. "Nature-based solutions promote climate change adaptation safeguarding ecosystem services." Ecosystem Services 55 (June 2022): 101439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2022.101439.

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Lukasiewicz, Anna, Jamie Pittock, and Max Finlayson. "Institutional challenges of adopting ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change." Regional Environmental Change 16, no. 2 (February 14, 2015): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0765-6.

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Chong, Joanne. "Ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation: progress and challenges." International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 14, no. 4 (February 2, 2014): 391–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10784-014-9242-9.

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Munang, Richard, Ibrahim Thiaw, Keith Alverson, Musonda Mumba, Jian Liu, and Mike Rivington. "Climate change and Ecosystem-based Adaptation: a new pragmatic approach to buffering climate change impacts." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 5, no. 1 (March 2013): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2012.12.001.

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Brown, Iain. "Assessing climate change risks to the natural environment to facilitate cross-sectoral adaptation policy." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2121 (April 30, 2018): 20170297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0297.

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Climate change policy requires prioritization of adaptation actions across many diverse issues. The policy agenda for the natural environment includes not only biodiversity, soils and water, but also associated human benefits through agriculture, forestry, water resources, hazard alleviation, climate regulation and amenity value. To address this broad agenda, the use of comparative risk assessment is investigated with reference to statutory requirements of the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment. Risk prioritization was defined by current adaptation progress relative to risk magnitude and implementation lead times. Use of an ecosystem approach provided insights into risk interactions, but challenges remain in quantifying ecosystem services. For all risks, indirect effects and potential systemic risks were identified from land-use change, responding to both climate and socio-economic drivers, and causing increased competition for land and water resources. Adaptation strategies enhancing natural ecosystem resilience can buffer risks and sustain ecosystem services but require improved cross-sectoral coordination and recognition of dynamic change. To facilitate this, risk assessments need to be reflexive and explicitly assess decision outcomes contingent on their riskiness and adaptability, including required levels of human intervention, influence of uncertainty and ethical dimensions. More national-scale information is also required on adaptation occurring in practice and its efficacy in moderating risks.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advances in risk assessment for climate change adaptation policy’.

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Celeste, Novlloyd, and Gerald Malabarbas. "PLANNING FOR COASTAL COMMUNITY CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION: AN ECOSYSTEMS-BASED APPROACH." International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (May 25, 2022): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v4i3.324.

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Adaptation to climate change is seen as the immediate response of people anywhere in the world. However, there is still a problem in its implementation as no solution fits all problems. Coastal communities’ vulnerable situation is not exempted from climate change impacts, but the fact that it has numerous ecosystems provide basic life support. Thus, this paper is guided by the following objectives 1) determine ecosystems and socioeconomic sectors reliant and dependent on strategies and policies of coastal communities; and 2) examine the current adaptation strategies and activities. Focus group discussions among key officials and document analysis were carried on. After a rigorous examination, it was discovered that coastal communities are reliant on fishery and water resources ecosystem services. In this regard, adaptation options are geared toward the protection of these services to continually provide to local communities. Alternative livelihoods are also seen as a long-term response to climate change adaptation apart from policy and ordinances to protect and conserve the ecosystems. Keywords: Climate Change Adaptation, Ecosystem Services, Adaptation Strategies, Climate Environmental Protection Laws And Policies, Coastal Communities.

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Park, Jaeyoon, and Mozaharul Alam. "Ecosystem-based Adaptation Planning in the Panchase Mountain Ecological Region." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 17 (August 28, 2015): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v17i0.13271.

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As part of numerous efforts on adapting to climate change in Nepal, an approach of Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) is being demonstrated in the Panchase Mountain Ecological Region (PMER). Partners under the project entitled Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Mountain Ecosystems in Nepal have been implementing activities to reduce vulnerability of the PMER to climate change and enhance resilient capacity of communities and ecosystems in the region to cope with adverse impacts of climate change already being witnessed. This article places focus on the process of EbA planning and preliminary lessons learned through the project activities in particular at local and ecological level. Reflection and suggestion on EbA planning presented in the article is expected to help all stakeholders in the Himalayan region and beyond design and implement future climate change adaptation activities to be more effective and efficient while empowering local communities and ensuring social, economic and environmental sustainability. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 17, July 2015

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Singh, Pramod K., Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Harpalsinh Chudasama, and Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Climate Change Adaptations in the World’s Largest Mangrove Ecosystem." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 6655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236655.

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The Sundarbans is the world’s largest coastal river delta and the largest uninterrupted mangrove ecosystem. A complex socio-ecological setting, coupled with disproportionately high climate-change exposure and severe ecological and social vulnerabilities, has turned it into a climate hotspot requiring well-designed adaptation interventions. We have used the fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM)-based approach to elicit and integrate stakeholders’ perceptions regarding current climate forcing, consequent impacts, and efficacy of the existing adaptation measures. We have also undertaken climate modelling to ascertain long-term future trends of climate forcing. FCM-based simulations reveal that while existing adaptation practices provide resilience to an extent, they are grossly inadequate in the context of providing future resilience. Even well-planned adaptations may not be entirely transformative in such a fragile ecosystem. It was through FCM-based simulations that we realised that a coastal river delta in a developing nation merits special attention for climate-resilient adaptation planning and execution. Measures that are likely to enhance adaptive capabilities of the local communities include those involving gender-responsive and adaptive governance, human resource capacity building, commitments of global communities for adaptation financing, education and awareness programmes, and embedding indigenous and local knowledge into decision making.

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Wedding, Lisa M., Sarah Reiter, Monica Moritsch, Eric Hartge, Jesse Reiblich, Don Gourlie, and Anne Guerry. "Embedding the value of coastal ecosystem services into climate change adaptation planning." PeerJ 10 (August 23, 2022): e13463. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13463.

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Coastal habitats, such as salt marshes and dune systems, can protect communities from hazards by reducing coastline exposure. However, these critical habitats and their diverse ecosystem services are threatened by coastal development and the impacts from a changing climate. Ever increasing pressure on coastal habitats calls for coastal climate adaptation efforts that mitigate or adapt to these pressures in ways that maintain the integrity of coastal landscapes. An important challenge for decisionmakers is determining the best mitigation and adaptation strategies that not only protect human lives and property, but also safeguard the ability of coastal habitats to provide a broad suite of benefits. Here, we present a potential pathway for local-scale climate change adaptation planning through the identification and mapping of natural habitats that provide the greatest benefits to coastal communities. The methodology coupled a coastal vulnerability model with a climate adaptation policy assessment in an effort to identify priority locations for nature-based solutions that reduce vulnerability of critical assets using feasible land-use policy methods. Our results demonstrate the critical role of natural habitats in providing the ecosystem service of coastal protection in California. We found that specific dune habitats play a key role in reducing erosion and inundation of the coastline and that several wetland areas help to absorb energy from storms and provide a protective service for the coast of Marin county, California, USA. Climate change and adaptation planning are globally relevant issues in which the scalability and transferability of solutions must be considered. This work outlines an iterative approach for climate adaptation planning at a local-scale, with opportunity to consider the scalability of an iterative science-policy engagement approach to regional, national, and international levels.

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Millington, Rebecca, Peter M. Cox, Jonathan R. Moore, and Gabriel Yvon-Durocher. "Modelling ecosystem adaptation and dangerous rates of global warming." Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 3, no. 2 (April 25, 2019): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20180113.

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Abstract We are in a period of relatively rapid climate change. This poses challenges for individual species and threatens the ecosystem services that humanity relies upon. Temperature is a key stressor. In a warming climate, individual organisms may be able to shift their thermal optima through phenotypic plasticity. However, such plasticity is unlikely to be sufficient over the coming centuries. Resilience to warming will also depend on how fast the distribution of traits that define a species can adapt through other methods, in particular through redistribution of the abundance of variants within the population and through genetic evolution. In this paper, we use a simple theoretical ‘trait diffusion’ model to explore how the resilience of a given species to climate change depends on the initial trait diversity (biodiversity), the trait diffusion rate (mutation rate), and the lifetime of the organism. We estimate theoretical dangerous rates of continuous global warming that would exceed the ability of a species to adapt through trait diffusion, and therefore lead to a collapse in the overall productivity of the species. As the rate of adaptation through intraspecies competition and genetic evolution decreases with species lifetime, we find critical rates of change that also depend fundamentally on lifetime. Dangerous rates of warming vary from 1°C per lifetime (at low trait diffusion rate) to 8°C per lifetime (at high trait diffusion rate). We conclude that rapid climate change is liable to favour short-lived organisms (e.g. microbes) rather than longer-lived organisms (e.g. trees).

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Siddiqui, KM, I. Mohammad, and M. Ayaz. "Forest ecosystem climate change impact assessment and adaptation strategies for Pakistan." Climate Research 12 (1999): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr012195.

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Hale, Lvnne, P. Van Ejik, M. Hatziols, N. Davidson, R. Chacko, and C. Toropova. "Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change in coastal and marine areas." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 35 (February 1, 2009): 352006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/35/352006.

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Xu, Jianchu, and R. Edward Grumbine. "Building ecosystem resilience for climate change adaptation in the Asian highlands." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 5, no. 6 (August 28, 2014): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcc.302.

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Widayati, Atiek, Bastiaan Louman, Elok Mulyoutami, Edi Purwanto, Koen Kusters, and Roderick Zagt. "Communities’ Adaptation and Vulnerability to Climate Change: Implications for Achieving a Climate-Smart Landscape." Land 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2021): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080816.

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Rural landscapes in many parts of Indonesia are rapidly being transformed, due to the expansion of agrocommodity plantations—oil palm in particular. At the same time, communities in those landscapes face declining crop yields and ecosystem degradation as a result of both climate and non-climate factors. We assessed local perceptions on climate stressors, adaptation and vulnerability using focus group discussions in Ketapang, West Kalimantan. We found that the main perceived climatic stressors were extreme and unpredictable seasons, fires, and saltwater intrusion, affecting ecosystem services and agricultural production. Land clearing and forest loss were mentioned as exacerbating non-climatic stressors. Respondents indicated willingness to adapt to these changes by investing in long-term measures, such as tree-planting. To adapt to yield declines, respondents indicated that many farmers shifted from rubber to oil palm. Such adaptation actions benefit households in the short term but may be at odds with long-term adaptation objectives at the landscape level. Finally, we found that perceptions about vulnerability differed between landscapes, and between communities at the landscape level and stakeholders at the district level. This stresses the importance of participatory and inclusive planning and multi-stakeholder processes towards context-based climate action planning to accommodate the differences in contexts and scale, and to reconcile the differences in perceptions.

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Thayer, Vargas, Castellanos, Lafon, McCarl, Roelke, Winemiller, and Lacher. "Integrating Agriculture and Ecosystems to Find Suitable Adaptations to Climate Change." Climate 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8010010.

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Climate change is altering agricultural production and ecosystems around the world. Future projections indicate that additional change is expected in the coming decades, forcing individuals and communities to respond and adapt. Current research efforts typically examine climate change effects and possible adaptations but fail to integrate agriculture and ecosystems. This failure to jointly consider these systems and associated externalities may underestimate climate change impacts or cause adaptation implementation surprises, such as causing adaptation status of some groups or ecosystems to be worsened. This work describes and motivates reasons why ecosystems and agriculture adaptation require an integrated analytical approach. Synthesis of current literature and examples from Texas are used to explain concepts and current challenges. Texas is chosen because of its high agricultural output that is produced in close interrelationship with the surrounding semi-arid ecosystem. We conclude that future effect and adaptation analyses would be wise to jointly consider ecosystems and agriculture. Existing paradigms and useful methodology can be transplanted from the sustainable agriculture and ecosystem service literature to explore alternatives for climate adaptation and incentivization of private agriculturalists and consumers. Researchers are encouraged to adopt integrated modeling as a means to avoid implementation challenges and surprises when formulating and implementing adaptation.

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Kappes, Peter J., Cassandra E. Benkwitt, Dena R. Spatz, Coral A. Wolf, David J. Will, and Nick D. Holmes. "Do Invasive Mammal Eradications from Islands Support Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation?" Climate 9, no. 12 (November 30, 2021): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9120172.

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Climate change represents a planetary emergency that is exacerbating the loss of native biodiversity. In response, efforts promoting climate change adaptation strategies that improve ecosystem resilience and/or mitigate climate impacts are paramount. Invasive Alien Species are a key threat to islands globally, where strategies such as preventing establishment (biosecurity), and eradication, especially invasive mammals, have proven effective for reducing native biodiversity loss and can also advance ecosystem resilience and create refugia for native species at risk from climate change. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that successful eradications may also contribute to mitigating climate change. Given the cross-sector potential for eradications to reduce climate impacts alongside native biodiversity conservation, we sought to understand when conservation managers and funders explicitly sought to use or fund the eradication of invasive mammals from islands to achieve positive climate outcomes. To provide context, we first summarized available literature of the synergistic relationship between invasive species and climate change, including case studies where invasive mammal eradications served to meet climate adaptation or mitigation solutions. Second, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and eradication-related conference proceedings to identify when these synergistic effects of climate and invasive species were explicitly addressed through eradication practices. Third, we reviewed projects from four large funding entities known to support climate change solutions and/or native biodiversity conservation efforts and identified when eradications were funded in a climate change context. The combined results of our case study summary paired with systematic reviews found that, although eradicating invasive mammals from islands is an effective climate adaptation strategy, island eradications are poorly represented within the climate change adaptation and mitigation funding framework. We believe this is a lost opportunity and encourage eradication practitioners and funders of climate change adaptation to leverage this extremely effective nature-based tool into positive conservation and climate resilience solutions.

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Pratiwi, D., and T. W. Yuwati. "Paludiculture: peatland utilization to support climate change adaptation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012001.

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Abstract Tropical peatlands are one of the largest carbon-storing ecosystems in the world. Draining tropical peatland causes environmental damage including greenhouse gas emissions. Drained peat is highly susceptible to fires that increase carbon emissions into the air. Rewetting is one way to solve the problem because, to achieve a zero or negative carbon balance, the water level should be close to or above the surface to maintain the water saturation of peat. The government of Indonesia has thoughtfully restored the peatland by implementing the 3R approach (rewetting, revegetation, and revitalizing local livelihood). After rewetting, paludiculture (wetland cultivation) is a promising land-use option for peatland. Through paludiculture, the peatland ecosystem will be improved which has already undergone drainage and will re-encourage carbon accumulative in peatland. This paper aims to determine the potential of paludiculture to support climate change adaptation including presenting challenges and opportunities in its implementation. Paludiculture has been shown to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by keeping peat moist. Besides having an ecological function, paludiculture also functions economically because it can be an alternative source of livelihood for people living around peat.

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SEFU, ARUNA, KIMENYA MUSAILWA, BITUNDU MWANYA TANYA, M’OPANDU MONDONGE, LWIMO MUKENGE, KAMBALE KAVUSA, and MANGAMBU MOKOSO Jean De Dieu. "CLIMATE RISKS ASSESSMENT, OPPORTUNITIES RELATED TO THE EVOLUTION OF ECOSYSTEMS AND LIMITATION OF THE PROVISION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: LANDSCAPE CASE OF SOUTH-KIVU (ALBERTINE RIFLT, DRC)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 7 (July 27, 2020): 98–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i7.2020.426.

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The analysis and characterization of climate variability over a long five-year period proved fundamental to understanding the impacts of climate change and the vulnerability of ecosystem services in the South Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Collection methods from surveys and literature reviews allowed us to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyses of climate change impacts and adaptation approaches based on ecosystem services. For data collection, we used surveys and inventories. The data were statistically analyzed, mainly with regression methods and arithmetic averages. The results of agro-pastoral, fisheries and water production highlight the strong influence of climate change through the decrease in products essential for local consumption. These results are confirmed by statistical analysis almost everywhere R² < 0.5 and p-value > 0.05 (except for vegetable production « p-value < 0.05», Cereal: R²= 0.54 and Legume: R²= 0.74). The same results show us that the non-regulation of river regimes and the decrease in water production by the appropriate service as a result of precipitation and temperature variability data have led to unprecedented disruption due to negative effects on the ecosystem services analyzed. The proposals of the ecosystem-based adaptation approaches as a solution and are important indicators that have assessed climate risks of ecosystem services combined with the poverty impacts of the population and its environment highly vulnerable to climate change.

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Ayieko Aseta, John, Paul Omondi, and Abdirizak A. Nunow. "ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN KAKAMEGA TROPICAL RAINFOREST ECOSYSTEM OF KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 1100–1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11373.

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Tang Kai, Natasha Michele, Larry Swatuk, Roger Suffling, and Mark Seasons. "Ecosystem Services in Canadian City Planning." Canadian Planning and Policy / Aménagement et politique au Canada 2022 (December 21, 2022): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/cpp-apc.v2022i1.15654.

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Sustainability plans offer insights into cities’ efforts to integrate sustainability but little on Ecosystem Services (ES) in sustainability and climate change planning. Integrating the Ecosystem Services Approach (ESA) in planning can help decision-makers understand the trade-offs between development scenarios and the human-nature relationship. This study surveyed Canada’s largest cities where threats to ES due to urbanization is the greatest. The survey explored the ES concept, frameworks, methods, applications in climate change planning and ES governance. It found that most cities recognize ES but had limited knowledge of ES frameworks and had challenges in ES valuation and mapping. The ESA was most promising in climate change planning to support climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction. The governance of ES appears to be partly responsible for its low and inconsistent uptake in planning. This study therefore recommends five policy and planning opportunities to help build climate resilient and sustainable cities.

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Nanlohy, Hellen, Ambaryanto Ambaryanto, Azis Nur Bambang, and Sahala Hutabarat. "PERUBAHAN IKLIM DALAM PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE MELALUI PENDEKATAN EKOLOGI, EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DI TELUK KOTANIA." PAPALELE (Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan dan Kelautan) 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/papalele.2017.1.1.16.

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Climate change is powerful on the growth of mangrove.The adaptation to climate change is an urgent need to minimize the impact of climate change.This study attempts to assess the impact of climate change on mangrove growth and formulating a program community adaptation to climate change the ecological, economic indicators, social and cultural community. The analysis survey was conducted qualitatively and analysis image Data Lansat ETM 8. The analysis shows climate change influenced the growth mangrove. The community adaptation to be applied is giving the use of a catch environmentally friendly, diversification of fruit trees. Other alternative business the fish and seaweed and participation in supporting the government programs.The adaptation others are cooperation between the government and the community in an effort to reforestation and rehabilitision. Tradition sasi mangrove came to watch to preserve the ecosystem mangrove.

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Bhattarai, Utsab. "Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Direction for Future Research." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 20 (January 27, 2017): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v20i0.16488.

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The potential adverse effects of climate change have posed serious threat to all species of the planet in many ways. Species’ functional characteristics strongly influence ecosystem properties. Although significant numbers of studies have already explored the interrelationship between biodiversity, ecosystem services and climate change more focused studies have now begun to appear with the goal of investigating and analyzing the negative consequences of climate change on life support systems. This review paper discusses the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and redirects how these losses of biological species on earth have affected and will continue to have effects on the delivery chain of ecosystem services. Concluding section of this paper spotlights on possible mitigation and adaptation plan of actions which contributes in minimizing climate change induced risks while supporting biodiversity and thus the entire ecosystem services. The timeliness of this review is evident because the concerns regarding the potential impacts of global climate change on species and ecosystem services are widely and seriously recognized as major threat of our time.HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 20Page: 41-48

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Momblanch, Andrea, Lindsay Beevers, Pradeep Srinivasalu, Anil Kulkarni, and Ian P. Holman. "Enhancing production and flow of freshwater ecosystem services in a managed Himalayan river system under uncertain future climate." Climatic Change 162, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02795-2.

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Abstract Future climate change will likely impact the multiple freshwater ecosystem services (fES) provided by catchments through their landscapes and river systems. However, there is high spatio-temporal uncertainty on those impacts linked to climate change uncertainty and the natural and anthropogenic interdependencies of water management systems. This study identifies current and future spatial patterns of fES production in a highly managed water resource system in northern India to inform the design and assessment of plausible adaptation measures to enhance fES production in the catchment under uncertain climate change. A water resource systems modelling approach is used to evaluate fES across the full range of plausible future scenarios, to identify the (worst-case) climate change scenarios triggering the greatest impacts and assess the capacity of adaptation to enhance fES. Results indicate that the current and future states of the fES depend on the spatial patterns of climate change and the impacts of infrastructure management on river flows. Natural zones deliver more regulating and cultural services than anthropized areas, although they are more climate-sensitive. The implementation of a plausible adaptation strategy only manages to slightly enhance fES in the system with respect to no adaptation. These results demonstrate that water resource systems models are powerful tools to capture complex system dependencies and inform the design of robust catchment management measures. They also highlight that mitigation and more ambitious adaptation strategies are needed to offset climate change impacts in highly climate-sensitive catchments.

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Angula, Margaret Ndapewa, Immaculate Mogotsi, Selma Lendelvo, Karl Mutani Aribeb, Aina-Maria Iteta, and Jessica P. R. Thorn. "Strengthening Gender Responsiveness of the Green Climate Fund Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Programme in Namibia." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 10162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810162.

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Scholars of gender and climate change argue that gender-blind climate change actions could exacerbate existing inequalities and undermine sustained climate change adaptation actions. For this reason, since 2017, the Green Climate Fund placed gender among its key programming prerequisites, making it the first multilateral climate fund to do so worldwide. However, to date, no lessons to inform planned gender-responsive ecosystem-based interventions in Namibia have been drawn from community-based natural resource management. Thus, this paper aims to share key lessons regarding the way in which gender assessment is useful in enhancing equity in an ecosystem-based adaptation programme for the Green Climate Fund. To this end, we conducted in-depth interviews and group discussions in the 14 rural regions of Namibia with 151 participants from 107 community-based natural resource management organisations (73.5:26.5; male:female ratio). The results identified gender imbalances in leadership and decision-making due to intersecting historic inequalities, ethnicity and geography, as well as other socio-cultural factors in local community-based natural resource management institutions. We also identified income disparities and unequal opportunities to diversify livelihoods, gendered differentiated impacts of climate change and meaningful participation in public forums. Overall, the assessment indicates that considering gender analysis at the initiation of a community-based climate change adaptation project is crucial for achieving resilience to climate change, closing the gender gap, building capacity to increase equity and empowering women in resource-dependent environments in Namibia and Sub-Saharan Africa more broadly.

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Roberts, Debra, Richard Boon, Nicci Diederichs, Errol Douwes, Natasha Govender, Alistair Mcinnes, Cameron Mclean, Sean O’Donoghue, and Meggan Spires. "Exploring ecosystem-based adaptation in Durban, South Africa: “learning-by-doing” at the local government coal face." Environment and Urbanization 24, no. 1 (December 2, 2011): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247811431412.

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The lack of progress in establishing ambitious and legally binding global mitigation targets means that the need for locally based climate change adaptation will increase in vulnerable localities such as Africa. Within this context, “ecosystem-based adaptation” (EBA) is being promoted as a cost-effective and sustainable approach to improving adaptive capacity. Experience with the ongoing development of Durban’s Municipal Climate Protection Programme indicates that achieving EBA in cities means moving beyond the conceptualization of a uniform, one-size-fits-all layer of street trees and parks to a more detailed understanding of the complex ecology of indigenous ecosystems and their resilience under climate change conditions. It also means engaging with the role that this “bio-infrastructure” plays in improving the quality of life and socioeconomic opportunities of the most vulnerable human communities. Despite the long-term sustainability gains of this approach, implementation in Durban has been shown to be both technically challenging and resource intensive. The close association between human and ecological systems in addressing climate change adaptation has also led to the development of the concept of “community ecosystem-based adaptation”.

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Overland, James E. "Arctic Climate Extremes." Atmosphere 13, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 1670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101670.

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There are multiple extreme events underway in the Arctic that are beyond previous records: rain in Greenland, Alaska weather variability, and ecosystem reorganizations in the Barents and the northern Bering Sea associated with climate change and sea-ice loss. Such unique extreme events represent a philosophical challenge for interpretation, i.e., a lack of statistical basis, as well as important information for regional adaptation to climate change. These changes are affecting regional food security, human/wildlife health, cultural activities, and marine wildlife conservation. Twenty years ago, the Arctic was more resilient to climate change than now, as sea ice had a broader extent and was three times thicker than today. These new states cannot be assigned probabilities because one cannot a priori conceive of these states. They often have no historical analogues. A way forward for adaptation to future extremes is through scenario/narrative approaches; a recent development in climate change policy is through decision making under deep uncertainty (DMDU).

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Vizinho, André, David Avelar, Cristina Branquinho, Tiago Capela Lourenço, Silvia Carvalho, Alice Nunes, Leonor Sucena-Paiva, et al. "Framework for Climate Change Adaptation of Agriculture and Forestry in Mediterranean Climate Regions." Land 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020161.

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Planning the adaptation of agriculture and forestry landscapes to climate change remains challenging due to the need for integrating substantial amounts of information. This information ranges from climate scenarios, geographical site information, socio-economic data and several possible adaptation measures. Thus, there is an urgent need to have a framework that is capable of organizing adaptation strategies and measures in the agriculture and forestry sectors in Mediterranean climatic regions. Additionally, this framework should provide a cause effect relation with climate vulnerability to adequately support the development of adaptation planning at municipal and local (farm) level. In this context, we propose to test and evaluate a framework for climate adaptation of the agriculture and forestry sectors, based on the local causal-effect relation between adaptation strategies and measures and the level of vulnerability reduction achieved for Mediterranean areas. The framework was developed based on the combination of the DPSIR (Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impacts, Responses) and Vulnerability frameworks and reviewed 162 practical adaptation measures, further organized into strategies, complemented by a set of efficacy indicators. The framework was tested with 70 stakeholders in six stakeholder workshops for the planning of two farms and one municipal climate adaptation study, that are now in actual implementation and monitoring. The framework is composed by a set of eight adaptation strategies in which adaptation measures are clustered and assessed using efficacy indicators. In the evaluation of the adaptation framework, 96% of stakeholders considered its content as good or very good and 89% considered the final outcomes as good or very good. Finally, the framework was also used to assess and compare the adaptation strategies and measures presented in the climate adaptation plans of the three case studies. On average, 52.2% of the adaptation measures selected by the three case studies are dedicated to Ecosystem Resilience, 30.9% to Adaptive Capacity, 9.1% to Microclimates, 7.4% to Protection, and 0.3% to Mitigation strategies. This framework was considered effective in supporting adaptation planning at farm and municipal levels and useful to assess and compare adaptation plans in the frame of vulnerability reduction. Future studies can further contribute to support adaptation planning in these sectors by using, developing and streamlining this framework to additional and different socio-ecological contexts.

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Case, Michael J., John B. Kim, and Becky K. Kerns. "Using a Vegetation Model and Stakeholder Input to Assess the Climate Change Vulnerability of Tribally Important Ecosystem Services." Forests 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060618.

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We demonstrate a generalizable approach for assessing climate change effects on tribally important ecosystem goods and services. Indigenous peoples may be highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change because they rely on ecosystem goods and services, such as traditional foods, hunting, timber production, nontimber forest resources, and cultural resources. However, there are few assessments that have examined the potential impact of climate change on these goods and services and even less that examine ecological, socio-economic, and cultural resources in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Our approach uses four basic steps: (1) identify 78 tribally important ecosystem services (species and resources), (2) relate those ecosystem services with biologically relevant vegetation projections from a dynamic global vegetation model, (3) identify appropriate timeframes and future climate scenarios, and (4) assess future changes for vegetation types and ecosystem services. We then highlight how model uncertainty can be explored to better inform resilience building and adaptation planning. We found that more than half of the species and resources analyzed may be vulnerable to climate change due to loss of potential habitat, including aridland species and grazing quality. We further highlight our findings for tribally important species, huckleberries (genus Vaccinium) and bitterbrush (Purshia tridentate (Pursh) DC.), and show how this information can be applied to help inform resource management and adaptation planning. We have demonstrated a generalizable approach that identified tribally important ecosystem services and related them with biologically relevant vegetation projections from a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model. Although our assessment is focused in the Pacific Northwest, our approach can be applied in other regions for which model data is available. We recognize that there is some inherent uncertainty associated with using model output for future scenario planning; however, if that uncertainty is addressed and applied as demonstrated by our approach, it then can be explored to help inform resource management and adaptation planning.

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Warren, Rachel. "The role of interactions in a world implementing adaptation and mitigation solutions to climate change." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1934 (January 13, 2011): 217–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0271.

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The papers in this volume discuss projections of climate change impacts upon humans and ecosystems under a global mean temperature rise of 4°C above preindustrial levels. Like most studies, they are mainly single-sector or single-region-based assessments. Even the multi-sector or multi-region approaches generally consider impacts in sectors and regions independently, ignoring interactions. Extreme weather and adaptation processes are often poorly represented and losses of ecosystem services induced by climate change or human adaptation are generally omitted. This paper addresses this gap by reviewing some potential interactions in a 4°C world, and also makes a comparison with a 2°C world. In a 4°C world, major shifts in agricultural land use and increased drought are projected, and an increased human population might increasingly be concentrated in areas remaining wet enough for economic prosperity. Ecosystem services that enable prosperity would be declining, with carbon cycle feedbacks and fire causing forest losses. There is an urgent need for integrated assessments considering the synergy of impacts and limits to adaptation in multiple sectors and regions in a 4°C world. By contrast, a 2°C world is projected to experience about one-half of the climate change impacts, with concomitantly smaller challenges for adaptation. Ecosystem services, including the carbon sink provided by the Earth’s forests, would be expected to be largely preserved, with much less potential for interaction processes to increase challenges to adaptation. However, demands for land and water for biofuel cropping could reduce the availability of these resources for agricultural and natural systems. Hence, a whole system approach to mitigation and adaptation, considering interactions, potential human and species migration, allocation of land and water resources and ecosystem services, will be important in either a 2°C or a 4°C world.

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Nath, Shikhasmita, Arun Jyoti Nath, Rattan Lal, and Ashesh Kumar Das. "Ecosystem-based Adaptation to Climate Change: Experience from Smallholder Floodplain Forest Management." Advances in Forestry Letters 4 (2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14355/afl.2015.04.002.

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Munang, Richard, Jesica Andrews, Keith Alverson, and Desta Mebratu. "Harnessing Ecosystem-based Adaptation To Address the Social Dimensions of Climate Change." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 56, no. 1 (December 23, 2013): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.2014.861676.

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Jönsson, Anna Maria, Fredrik Lagergren, and Benjamin Smith. "Forest management facing climate change - an ecosystem model analysis of adaptation strategies." Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 20, no. 2 (July 26, 2013): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-013-9487-6.

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Nguyen, Thu Thi, Jamie Pittock, and Bich Huong Nguyen. "Integration of ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change policies in Viet Nam." Climatic Change 142, no. 1-2 (March 11, 2017): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1936-x.

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Trivedi, Shantanu, and Raju Ganesh Sunder. "Creating Sustainable Agriculture Supply Chain Ecosystem for Remunerative Markets Under Changing Climate in Uttarakhand." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 12, no. 4 (October 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2021100105.

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Major issues in the sustainable development agenda include how to ensure the involvement of producers. Little research has been done of the agricultural supply chain to identify what adaptive measures are being considered or have already been taken for creating remunerative markets. Based on discussions with producers, processors, and retailers from Uttarakhand and nearby regions, this study examines to what extent the Uttarakhand agricultural supply chain ecosystem can sustain and transform with climate change. Perhaps farmers are implicitly taking initiatives to adapt to climate change. These include changing sowing and harvesting timing, cultivation of crops of short duration varieties, inter-cropping, organic farming, agritourism, contract farming, and food processing. These changes may be considered as passive responses or adaptation strategies to climate change. Currently, agricultural practices and policies are perceived as a greater adaptation challenge than climate change, and extra efforts are required to create a remunerative agricultural supply chain ecosystem.

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Dan-Woniowei, Fie David, Iyabrade IKPORUKPO, and Samuel B. Kalagbo. "Climate Change Governance and Ecosystem Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2022): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.98.12791.

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This study assesses whether climate change governance has improved ecosystem sustainability in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) from 2012 to 2021. It relied on the African Strategy on Climate Change (ASCC), May 2014 for the assessment and adopted the ecosystem approach (EA) for analysis. The study discovered that the ASCC May 2014 was quite elaborate, yet does not explicitly, address the issues bothering ecosystem sustainability (ES). Rather, efforts and considerations were organized around climate change mitigation financing and development, which motive was to perpetuate the exploitation of the continent’s natural resources. It also discovered that many of the policies and frameworks intended to mitigate climate change and adaptation have not been adequately implemented due to bad governance. The study, therefore, recommends that future African strategic policies and frameworks on the environment cum engagements with climate change governance actors such as development partners, regulators, and other stakeholders either on the global, regional, or national levels should be properly directed to enhance ecosystem sustainability. In addition, such outcomes should be implemented adequately to safeguard the livelihoods of the millions of indigenous people in the SSA.

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Vos, Claire C., Pam Berry, Paul Opdam, Hans Baveco, Bianca Nijhof, Jesse O’Hanley, Claire Bell, and H. Kuipers. "Adapting landscapes to climate change: examples of climate-proof ecosystem networks and priority adaptation zones." Journal of Applied Ecology 45, no. 6 (December 2008): 1722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01569.x.

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Chitale, V. S., H. L. Shrestha, N. K. Agarwal, D. Choudhurya, H. Gilani, H. K. Dhonju, and M. S. R. Murthy. "Forest climate change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment in Himalayas." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1291-2014.

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Forests offer an important basis for creating and safeguarding more climate-resilient communities over Hindu Kush Himalayan region. The forest ecosystem vulnerability assessment to climate change and developing knowledge base to identify and support relevant adaptation strategies is realized as an urgent need. The multi scale adaptation strategies portray increasing complexity with the increasing levels in terms of data requirements, vulnerability understanding and decision making to choose a particular adaptation strategy. We present here how such complexities could be addressed and adaptation decisions could be either directly supported by open source remote sensing based forestry products or geospatial analysis and modelled products. The forest vulnerability assessment under climate change scenario coupled with increasing forest social dependence was studied using IPCC Landscape scale Vulnerability framework in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape (CHAL) situated in Nepal. Around twenty layers of geospatial information on climate, forest biophysical and forest social dependence data was used to assess forest vulnerability and associated adaptation needs using self-learning decision tree based approaches. The increase in forest fires, evapotranspiration and reduction in productivity over changing climate scenario was observed. The adaptation measures on enhancing productivity, improving resilience, reducing or avoiding pressure with spatial specificity are identified to support suitable decision making. The study provides spatial analytical framework to evaluate multitude of parameters to understand vulnerabilities and assess scope for alternative adaptation strategies with spatial explicitness.

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Grantham, H. S., E. McLeod, A. Brooks, S. D. Jupiter, J. Hardcastle, A. J. Richardson, E. S. Poloczanska, et al. "Ecosystem-based adaptation in marine ecosystems of tropical Oceania in response to climate change." Pacific Conservation Biology 17, no. 3 (2011): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc110241.

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Tropical Oceania, including Melanesia, Polynesia, Micronesia and northern Australia, is one of the most biodiverse regions of the world. Climate change impacts have already occurred in the region and will become one of the greatest threats to biodiversity and people. Climate projections indicate that sea levels will rise in many places but not uniformly. Islands will warm and annual rainfall will increase and exhibit strong decadal variations. Increases in global atmospheric CO2 concentration are causing ocean acidification, compromising the ability of organisms such as corals to maintain their calcium carbonate skeletons. We discuss these climate threats and their implications for the biodiversity of several ecosystems (coral reefs, seagrass and mangroves) in the region. We highlight current adaptation approaches designed to address these threats, including efforts to integrate ecosystem and community-based approaches. Finally, we identify guiding principles for developing effective ecosystem-based adaptation strategies. Despite broad differences in governance and social systems within the region, particularly between Australia and the rest of the Pacific, threats and planning objectives are similar. Ensuring community awareness and participation are essential everywhere. The science underpinning ecosystem-based adaptation strategies is in its infancy but there is great opportunity for communicating approaches and lessons learnt between developing and developed nations in tropical Oceania.

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Journal articles on the topic '190102 Ecosystem adaptation to climate change'

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