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Dissertations / Theses on the topic '1900-2000'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

DeWitt, Amy L. "Parental Portrayals in Children's Literature: 1900-2000." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4884/.

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The portrayals of mothers and fathers in children's literature as companions, disciplinarians, caregivers, nurturers, and providers were documented in this research. The impact of time of publication, sex of author, award-winning status of book, best-selling status of book, race of characters, and sex of characters upon each of the five parental roles was assessed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, and multinomial logistic regression techniques. A survey instrument developed for this study was completed for each of the 300 books randomly selected from the list of easy/picture books in the Children's Catalog (H.W. Wilson Company, 2001). To ensure all time periods were represented, the list was stratified by decades before sampling. It was expected that parental role portrayals would become more egalitarian and less traditional in each successive time period of publication. Male authors were expected to portray more egalitarian parental roles, and the race and sex of the young characters were not expected to influence parental portrayals. Award-winning books were expected to represent more egalitarian parental roles. Books that achieved the Publisher's Weekly all-time best-selling status were expected to portray parents in less egalitarian roles. Secondary analyses explored the prevalence of mothers' occupations, parental incompetence, and dangerous, solo child adventures. While the time of publication affected role portrayals, the evidence was unclear as to whether the changing roles represented greater egalitarianism. The race and the sex of the young characters significantly affected parental role portrayals, but the sex of the author did not influence these portrayals. While award winning and bestselling texts portrayed parents differently than books that did not achieve such honors, most did not provide enough information to adequately assess parenting roles. Half of the mothers who worked in the texts worked in conjunction with their husbands rather than independent of them. Over 10 % of mothers and fathers acted incompetently. The time of publication and the sex of the author was associated with the prevalence of solo, dangerous, child adventures. Subsequent implications and recommendations suggest the inclusion of stronger parental characters in children's books. Many of the parents are portrayed as inactive, incompetent, or neglectful. The concern is that children are exposed to these picture book portrayals during the primary years of identity acquisition.
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Delano, Anthony. "The formation of the British journalist 1900-2000." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2002. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/93wq4/the-formation-of-the-british-journalist-1900-2000.

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3

Bhautoo-Dewnarain, Nandini. "Mauritian writing in English 1900-2000 : a critical survey." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250083.

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This thesis is a critical survey of Mauritian literature written in English between 1900 and 2000. It covers the four different genres of the novel, the short story, poetry and drama. It aims to place the writing produced over this span of time within the social, historical and cultural context of production. Throughout, I have used the Structuralist construct that authors can only begin to shape themselves into being as authors within the existing discursive literary structures which exist at a specific point in time. It is argued therefore that the strong imitative bent of most of the writing here studied originates from this structuralist determination of authorial identity. However, the authors show their originality by hybridising these discursive genres with alternative cultural influences, emanating from their specific socio-cultural and temporal location In this context I trace the effect of British Colonial Literary pedagogy, as it was developed for India and implemented in British colonies. This substantially contributed to shape the sense of English Literature for the first generation of writers of the novel and for poets. In addition, writers in Mauritius were functioning within a local context where language use was associated with ethnic appurtenance, thus English was appropriated to counteract the elitist tendencies of French and Francophone culture on the island. Thus caught between the elitism of French and the bias of English pedagogy, Mauritian writers in English have remained fairly fixated in conventional notions of canonical genres. This is applicable for all the three major genres: the novel, poetry and drama. It has to be highlighted though, that in the case of drama the forms which have wielded the greatest influence on the dramatists is European and American drama. But, as in the case of the novel and poetry, these authors still function within the same schema of imitation as they reproduce the genres. Innovation can be traced to the new writing of short story writers who have published in a series of anthologies since 1990. This is the focus of my last chapter.
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SALCEDO, Diego Andres. "A ciência nos selos postais comemorativos brasileiros: 1900-2000." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3624.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:32:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo94_1.pdf: 1767409 bytes, checksum: 3e5bb9cf3b20aafb5bc83b7d4f045816 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho investiga a difusão de ciência por meio dos selos postais comemorativos brasileiros emitidos no século XX. Guiado por pressupostos teóricometodológicos da Comunicação e da Divulgação Científica e da Linguagem, com ênfase no gênero discursivo, foi possível verificar como os selos postais contribuem e participam do domínio discursivo científico. Também foram explorados os debates sobre a ciência e a tecnologia, seus valores histórico-conceituais e as suas representações. A revisão bibliográfica permitiu compreender, sob um uma visão histórico-social, as características da produção, distribuição e circulação desse artefato, além da determinação de seus elementos constitutivos. Na investigação, foram identificados 2354 selos postais comemorativos nos Catálogos RHM e Scott, emitidos pelo Estado brasileiro entre 1900 e 2000. Desse universo, 104 selos formaram o corpus ampliado, a partir de uma proposta de categorização dos seus elementos verbo-visuais. Por fim, quatro selos constituíram o corpus restrito, sobre os quais foi feita uma leitura crítico-metodológica. A pesquisa possibilitou constatar que o selo postal, assim como outros media, difunde ciência e contribui na construção de uma cultura científica e indicar critérios teóricos e técnicos rumo ao estatuto do selo postal
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Backhaus, Till. "Betrachtungen zur Getreideproduktion in Mecklenburg - Vorpommern zwischen 1900 und 2000." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963575163.

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6

Bannister, David. "Public health and its contexts in northern Ghana, 1900-2000." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2017. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/26656/.

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This is a study of the long-term political economy of public health work in northern Ghana, and of the contingent application of medical knowledge under different political regimes. Covering the period from 1900 to 2000, the thesis asks how the north and its people's enduring peripherality - defined in various ways - shaped the evolution of public health institutions and conditioned the state's attention to particular diseases. It assesses key public health transitions across the century, including the creation of the north's Native Authority health system in the 1930s, the entrenchment of church authority for healthcare in the 1950s, and the government's gradual cession of medical oversight to international organisations from the late 1960s, a process which was partially reversed in the late 1990s. It examines specific disease control programmes against sleeping sickness, onchocerciasis, and guinea worm, for what they reveal about the social history of medical work on the margins of the state, and about the political contexts for population-level health interventions. Colonial-era tsetse control inadvertently contributed to the serious prevalence of onchocerciasis in the north at independence, and this high prevalence of onchocerciasis made northern Ghana a focus of international health fundraising ahead of the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Programme, which began in 1974. In the urban south, guinea worm disease was substantially reduced in the early twentieth century, but in the north the disease only received concerted attention from the 1980s. In the historical literature on health in Ghana, there are few studies which adequately disaggregate the north and its particular experiences of public health work. Using sources from northern regional archives, the archives of the World Health Organisation, and interview testimony from government health officials and village communities, the thesis aims to make a contribution to this area.
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Graah-Hagelbäck, Ofelia. "Svenska barnbibliotekets utveckling - en jämförelse mellan sekelskiftet 1900 och sekelskiftet 2000." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101621.

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8

Mohamed, Omar Ibrahim. "La fiscalité de Djibouti : évolution et perspectives de 1900 à 2000." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010255.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de faire ressortir combien la question fiscale conditionne l'essor économique des pays en développement comme la République de Djibouti. Elle peut être appréhendée comme une question de changements institutionnels amenant à la fois conflits et inerties. Pour ce faire, la thèse est construite sur l'analyse de deux problématiques majeures qui orientent les développements de notre argumentation: la mobilisation des ressources budgétaires suffisantes d'une part et d'autre part, l'encouragement de la promotion des investissements économiques. La première partie de la thèse se consacre à l'analyse de l'héritage et de la transmission d'un système fiscal colonial pour nous permettre d'appréhender le développement de la fiscalité dans cette partie du monde. Dans cette première partie, nous avons voulu faire ressortir l'apport indéniable de la reforme de 1952 qui a fait de ce territoire un paradis fiscal en réduisant au strict minimum les impôts perçus. Toutefois, avec la préparation de l'indépendance du territoire, la mobilisation de nouvelles ressources fiscales pour la future République devenait une urgence. La seconde partie de cette thèse consiste à introduire la question fiscale dans un contexte de compétitivité économique mondiale plus accentuée et un cadre macroéconomique nécessitant toujours plus de recettes fiscales. Ce pari difficile devra être considéré comme un élément clef de la question du développement et cela renforce la problématique en termes de changements institutionnels et organisationnels tant par une nouvelle législation fiscale adaptée à l'environnement naissant et prenant en considération l'intégration au COMESA mais aussi par la révision des procédures et processus facilitant l'éclosion d'une catégorie de PME capable d'absorber le chômage endémique et relancer la croissance économique.
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9

Ledderose, Patrick [Verfasser]. "Dramatische Zeiten : Zeitkonzepte in skandinavischen Theatertexten um 1900 und 2000 / Patrick Ledderose." Baden-Baden : Rombach Wissenschaft – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235279790/34.

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10

Templeton, Cesarina A. (Cesarina Antoinette) 1971, and Mark S. 1966 Baranski. "A repeat sales index for office buildings in New York City, 1900-2000." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8165.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references.
This paper comments on one of the real estate and financial world's most common adages: that real estate is a safe long-term investment that will perform equal to or exceed other common investments, particularly over long stretches of time. With data drawn from a wide range of primary and secondary sources, a repeat sales index of large (250,000+ square foot) commercial building sales in the Midtown and Downtown sub-markets of New York City is created to illustrate how these properties have performed as an inflation-adjusted investment from 1900 through 2000. It differs from other papers that focused on hedonic modeling of building attributes and locational characteristics or that created appraisal-, lease- or property-share returns indices. Although our findings were not statistically significant, appreciation is found to be rather flat over time, appreciating on average between 1/4 to 2/3 percent per year and mirrors the findings of Eichholtz 1997 and Eichholtz & Geltner 2002. This suggests that while commercial office properties may provide investment opportunities when purchased and sold at the right points in the cycle, it tends to under-perform other investment options when carried over time.
by Cesarina A. Templeton and Mark S. Baranski.
S.M.
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11

Berglund, Johannes. "Kampaladefinitionen avaggressionsbrottet : Fungerar en definition från 1900-talet på 2000-talets krig och konflikter?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58104.

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12

Rodríguez, Marta Pérez. "Tras un siglo de recepción cervantina en Brasil: estudios críticos sobre el Quijote (1900-2000)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8145/tde-26052008-151439/.

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Dom Quixote de Miguel de Cervantes contou com ampla recepção no contexto brasileiro que se manifestou sob diversas linguagens e formas artísticas. O presente trabalho dedica-se exclusivamente ao estudo da recepção crítica que a obra teve no Brasil entre os anos de 1900 e 2000. As datas comemorativas relacionadas com a obra e seu autor representaram momentos privilegiados para a produção de ensaios e estudos críticos publicados em forma de livro ou de artigos de jornal. Levando em conta esse fato, a data de início da pesquisa é o ano de 1905 quando se comemorou na cidade do Rio de Janeiro o III centenário da publicação da primeira parte da obra. O objetivo do trabalho é o de analisar o modo como tais estudos trataram de traduzir a forma e o conteúdo da obra, às vezes por meio de imagens, às vezes por meio da defesa de determinados valores, estabelecendo, em alguns casos, relações entre vida do autor e obra literária. Além da consideração analítica dos dezesseis textos analisados, o trabalho trata também de estabelecer conexões entre eles por meio do exercício crítico comparativo com ênfase na representação simbólica. A pesquisa realizada levou à organização de um fichário bibliográfico a partir do acervo jornalístico consultado e registrado, o que possibilitou a elaboração de um primeiro catálogo de trabalhos cervantinos produzidos no país. O que se pretende com o referido catálogo é possibilitar futuras consultas e novas pesquisas acerca da recepção da obra no Brasil.
Dom Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes enjoyed a generous reception in the Brazilian context that was manifested in various spoken and artistic forms. The present work confines itself to the study of the critical reception of the work in Brazil from 1900 to 2000. The commemorative dates related to the work and its author provided privileged moments for the production of essays and critical studies published in book form or as news articles. Taking this fact into account, the starting date for the research is 1905, when the third centenary of the publication of the first part of the work was commemorated in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The aim of the work is to analyze the way in which such studies set about translating the form and content of the work, sometimes through images, other times by the defense of certain values, establishing in some cases connections between the life of the author and the literary work. Apart from the analytical consideration of the 16 analyzed texts, the work seeks to establish connections between them by means of a comparative critical exercise with emphasis on symbolic representation. The research undertaken led to the organization of a bibliographical archive based on the journalistic resources consulted and registered, which enabled the formulation of the first catalog of Cervantes\'s works produced in the country. This catalog is intended to facilitate future consultations and new research into the reception of the work in Brazil.
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Quijada, Prado Paula Andrea. "Políticas de vivienda en Iberoamérica: un siglo de políticas de vivienda y vivienda social: 1900-2000." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398756.

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La presente investigación constituye un intento por reconstruir un siglo de intervenciones gubernamentales en materia habitacional en Iberoamérica por medio de la recopilación de políticas de vivienda y vivienda social. Para tal cometido, en un proceso basado casi exclusivamente en la búsqueda de leyes y decretos a través de Internet, se procedió a dar sentido a la información recabada mediante la confrontación con aspectos económicos, sociales y políticos que han mediado en las respuestas del Estado frente al tema. En un intento por acotar el extenso trabajo, tanto en número de años como de países abordados, se procedió a dividir el siglo XX en tres períodos, los cuales a su vez arrastran antecedentes y sientan precedentes para los siglos XIX y XXI. Estos tres períodos abarcan aproximadamente los años: 1870-1930, 1930-1975 y 1975-2010. Los puntos de quiebre de los distintos períodos se asociaron a los cambios ocurridos en los ciclos de acumulación del capital, los cuales, a su vez, generaron cambios en la actuación del Estado, como concepto abstracto, y de este sobre los distintos Estados-nación, ergo, sobre las distintas formas de proceder y conciliar los intereses y necesidades de la sociedad y del capital. Esta es una investigación fuertemente basada en fuentes secundarias, las cuales han permitido la reconstrucción de un siglo en sus aspectos económicos, políticos y sociales, y en fuentes primarias, como son las distintas normativas emanadas de cada país. A través de los distintos capítulos se ha procedido a abordar las distintas variables consideradas, buscando su interrelación y, también, asociándolas con el contexto internacional. Esto último porque desde su inicio el Estado Liberal Iberoamericano ha mostrado una fuerte dependencia de los procesos económicos internacionales y, por ende, ha estado sujeto a los vaivenes económicos y políticos ocurridos en la escena internacional, lo que ha terminado traduciéndose en las formas de intervención del Estado, en este caso concreto, en materia de vivienda y vivienda social: vivienda que considerada como un objeto construido incide en el territorio y lo modifica, que vista como activo influye en el valor de suelo y lo modifica y que apreciada como un valor social influye en la persona que lo habita y, por tanto, en su relación con el entorno y también lo modifica.
The following doctoral research represents an attempt to rebuilt a whole century of governmental interventions in the Ibero-American housing issue, through the collection of policies related to the topic. To do so, based exclusively on laws and decrees available on Internet, the information gathered was put into a context in terms of the Government answers to economical, social and political aspects. It is important to consider that this research was divided into three periods of the 21st century, mainly with the intention of summarising and establishing the background that the laws and interventions previously mentioned set for the 19th and 20th centuries. These three periods are: 1870-1930; 1930-1975 and 1975-2010. Many changes occurred during these periods, which are closely related to economical aspects and as a consequence, governmental decisions. These decisions were focused on matching not only the state interests and needs, but also the social ones. Throughout this research, different variations were considered to set a strong connection between the local and the international background. This as a consequence of the great importance the latter developed since the beginning of the Ibero-American Liberal State and the vast influence it has had over politics and economical international issues. This influence has been reflected in the housing aspect, specially the ones considered as ‘social’: a type of housing which modifies not only the person who lives in it, but also there is a modification of the surrounding, the capital gains and the environment.
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Vang, Pamela. "Good Guys : A Cultural Semiotic Study of the Print Advertising of the Oil Industry (1900-2000)." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för språk och kultur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106721.

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Oil is central to our lives and is the source of many of the conveniences that we take for granted. It can bring wealth and prosperity to individuals and to nations, but is also a source of political conflict and the consequences of its impact on the environment are only now beginning to be fully recognised. The oil companies have been leaders in the development of marketing and branding and this thesis traces the history of the oil industry and analyses the different forms of print advertisements that its major companies have produced over a period of some hundred years, from the industry’s infancy until 2012. It takes a cultural semiotic perspective to investigate and reveal the ways in which the companies have adapted their advertising messages to the prevailing socio-political conditions to reflect current attitudes and to guide both public opinion and national policy. The analyses demonstrate how the companies have responded to different crises and to increasing globalisation and how they have engineered a shift from product to presence and from oil to energy to communicate a more environment-friendly image. A close reading of the advertisements produced by the companies shows how they have cast themselves in the mythical role of the indefatigable hero whose mission is the common good. Moreover, it uncovers the different heroic personalities that they have acquired and adopted over time to differentiate their products and services.
Olja är en central faktor i våra liv och en källa till många av de bekvämligheter som vi tar för givna. Den kan bringa nationer och individer rikedom och välstånd men den kan också ge upphov till politiska konflikter – och dess miljökonsekvenser börjar först nu bli helt klarlagda. Oljebolagen har varit ledande inom marknadsföring och branding. Denna avhandling följer oljeindustrins historia och analyserar de tryckta annonser som de stora oljebolagen har producerat under en period av drygt hundra år, från oljeindustrins barndom till och med 2012. Utifrån ett kultursemiotiskt perspektiv undersöks och klarläggs hur bolagen har anpassat sina reklambudskap till rådande sociopolitiska förhållanden och på så sätt sökt både spegla gängse attityder och styra opinionsbildning och politik. Analyserna visar hur bolagen, som svar på olika kriser och en ökande globalisering, har förändrat sina budskap. Dels har ett fokus på produkten ersatts av ett fokus på närvaro, dels har olja ersatts av energi, allt för att kommunicera en mer miljövänlig image. En närläsning av bolagens annonser visar hur de konstant har framställt sig själva som den oförtröttlige hjälten vars mål är det allmänna bästa samt vilka olika hjälteskepnader de har iklätt sig över tid.

Images removed due to copyright.

For a complete copy contact ep@ep.liu.se or pamela.vang@liu.se

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15

Wise, Raymond. "Defining African American gospel music by tracing its historical and musical development from 1900 to 2000." Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1243519734.

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Capellari, Marcos Alexandre. ""Sob o olhar da razão: as religiões não católicas e as ciências humanas no Brasil (1900-2000)"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-01082003-144126/.

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Esta Dissertação de Mestrado descreve o nascimento, a inserção e o desenvolvimento das religiões não Católicas em solo brasileiro. Discorre, entre as que estão em maior evidência, sobre suas doutrinas e práticas fundamentais. Por outro lado, analisa a produção científica brasileira sobre a temática, ocorrida entre 1900 e 2000, através de um balanço bibliográfico. Procura, assim, verificar quais religiões foram mais estudadas pela comunidade científica, bem como as lacunas existentes.
This Master thesis describes the birth, insertion and development of the noncatholic religions in the Brazilian territory. It concerns about the dogmas and basic practices of the most popular ones. On the other hand, it analyses the Brazilian scientific production about such issue between 1900 and 2000, through a bybliographic research. Thus far, this text aims to verify which religions were studied the most by the scientific community, as well as the blanks left by them.
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Sharpe, Leslie J. "Economic development in the Kimberley region of Western Australia: a history and dependency theory perspective." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003564/.

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[Abstract]:The focus of the research undertaken for this dissertation is the economic development of the Kimberley region of Western Australia. The period studied is, approximately, the one hundred years from 1900–2000. The region has many of the characteristics of an underdeveloped area and of a low income economy.This research used dependency theory as a framework for examining the causes of underdevelopment in the Kimberley. The development that occurred in the region during the relevant period has been catalogued by the creation of a database. This has enabled the collected information to be examined and manipulated in many ways. The database has allowed the detail of development in the Kimberley to be studied with respect to time, place and type of activity. This made it possible to examine the five hypotheses proposed by A. G. Frank which he considered likely to lead to fruitful research. The detailed study of these hypotheses would not have been possible in the way described without the database.It was found that dependency theory does help to explain and understand the development experience of the Kimberley region of Western Australia during the twentieth century. This was the clear and positive result of this study.The extension to Frank’s core dependency theory, the five hypotheses, were not found to be applicable to the Kimberley region nor supported by the data. The hypotheses, therefore, do not add to our understanding of the nature of Kimberley development during the period examined. This does not invalidate or devalue the usefulness of dependency theory in this study.
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Lif, Vera. "Ingermanländares namnskick under 1900-talet : kontinuitet och förändring /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4270.

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Kollman, Paul. "Book review: Ogbu U. Kalu, "Clio in a Sacred Garb: Essays on Christian Presence and African Responses, 1900-2000"." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 2009. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,3241.

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Kazimbaya-Senkwe, Mwila Barbara. "The social construction of access to water in Zambia's Copperbelt, 1900-2000 : beyond the managerial explanation for inadequate access." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413138.

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21

Hamberg, Elin. "Svart eller vitt? : Svenska religionsläroböckers framställning av inhemska afrikanska religioner under 1900 och 2000-talet ur ett orientalistiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184722.

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Studien har syftat till att undersöka att undersöka hur inhemska afrikanska religioner har framställts i svenska religionsläroböcker från 1907 början till 2013, samt studera utvecklingen av denna gestaltning. Studien har vidare syftat till att diskutera dessa eventuella förändringar med utgångspunkt i Edward Saids Orientalism. Detta genom att göra en text och i viss mån även bildanalys av tjugosex läroböcker mellan nämnda årtal. Studien har visat att läroböcker från framför allt första halvan av 1900-talet har starka tendenser till andrefiering och exotifiering, där studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt- orientalism- i hög grad är möjlig att diskutera som en viktig faktor till läroböckernas skildring av afrikansk inehemsk religion. Dessa tendenser fortsätter i viss mån under 1900-talets senare hälft, men på sent 1900-tal och tidigt 2000-tal finns i de studerade läroböckerna tydliga försök till avståndstagande av nedsättande uttryck och termer, även fast även dessa är skrivna ur ett västerländskt perspektiv.I det avslutande och analyserande avsnittet diskuteras resultatet och det empiriska materialet i förhållande till orientalismen, där den viktigaste slutsatsen är att det är möjligt att konstatera att orientalismen mycket väl kan användas för att förstå läroböckernas skildringar och utveckling gällande framställandet av inhemska afrikanska religioner, men att även andra faktorer som författaren, rådande ideologisk strömning och samhällsförändringar kan vara viktiga faktorer till att förklara detta.
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Farmer, Gareth. "Veronica Forrest-Thomson, poetic artifice and the struggle with forms." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39713/.

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This thesis examines the poetry and critical work of Veronica Forrest-Thomson, arguing that her poetic project is characterised by her ‘struggle with forms'. Forrest-Thomson developed many formal models of poetry in her critical writing which acted as ideals to be enacted in practice. The broad struggle in Forrest-Thomson's poetic project is, then, between the formal projections of theory and a variety of forms of poetic practice; between, that is, the fixed and totalising frames of theory and the local patterns of form and meaning which exceed the logic of an ideal model. This thesis examines the struggle between theoretical and practical forms through consecutive stages in Forrest-Thomson's career. First, I examine Forrest-Thomson's attempt to combine Romantic, formalist and modernist poetic theories in an early manifesto. Her early, conflicted theoretical perspectives, I argue, transferred to her poetry as tensions between a use of traditional poetic forms and a variety of free, formal modes. Second, I demonstrate how conflicts between traditional and innovative form in the poems were exacerbated by Forrest-Thomson's developing interest in artistic theory and concrete poetry. Third, I assess the influence of Ludwig Wittgenstein's linguistic philosophy on Forrest-Thomson's theory and practice, concentrating on her use of his notion of ‘language-games' to inform collage-like poems and the idea that the poem is a ‘context' absorbing and transforming others. At this stage, Forrest-Thomson's theory and poetry also exhibit tensions between modernist and post-modernist perspectives which induce an anxiety of losing control at the level of poetic form for which she compensates with an emphasis on traditional literary figures and forms. Fourth, I examine Forrest-Thomson's Poetic Artifice: A Theory of Twentieth-Century Poetry as an example of a particular type of formalism where fixed metaphors of poetic form comprise both the polemical strength and conceptual weakness of her poetic theory. Lastly, I outline the struggle between formal and semantic control and excess in Forrest-Thomson's late theory and poetry, arguing that her quest for what she calls ‘writing straight' is impeded by her conflicted assessment of the role and status of complex poetic form.
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Moore, Joseph G. "Two struggles into one? : Labour and environmental movement relations and the challenge to capitalist forestry in British Columbia, 1900-2000 /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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Kieffner, Gary L. "Riding the Borderlands the negotiation of social and cultural boundaries for Rio Grande Valley and southwestern motorcycling groups, 1900-2000 /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Pursell, Tricia. "The net, the fish and the child: The muro-ami system, transformation in coastal communities of southern Cebu 1900 - 2000." Thesis, Pursell, Tricia (2002) The net, the fish and the child: The muro-ami system, transformation in coastal communities of southern Cebu 1900 - 2000. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2002. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41504/.

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Muro Ami is a system of drive in net fishing that originated in Okinawa in the early 1900s and spread southward with the country's economic expansion to Southeast Asia until the Second World War. While it died out in most of the region, it has continued in the Visayas in the Philippines, where there were extensive coral reefs and an impoverished, labour force with few options. Muro-ami was originally a communal-based fishing system, but in the Philippines, from the 1960s, it has scaled up to become an exploitive, Dickension system that uses factory ships and relies on a large labour force of youth; many of whom are bound to the operators through systems of credit bondage. These youths and their families are trapped in cycles of indebtedness and dependency that binds them to provide a son for the next season's fishing. This thesis also describes the scaling up of muro-ami in the Visayas after the Pacific War, in response to a post-war demand from growing cities for larger quantities of fresh fish. The different consumption patterns that occurred with the growing affluence in certain sectors of Filipino life resulted in a demand for particular types of fish. These changing tastes in tum had an impact on fishing techniques and resulted in the intensification of muro-ami fishing. As a result, hundreds of boys were utilised in an industrial-scale fishing system to scare fish into bag nets. Increasingly more destructive gear modifications and adaptations were created to improve the catch, not just of the mid-level fish that school above the reef, but of the bottom dwelling fish as well. As a result, coral reefs have been severely damaged and fish stocks are being depleted. Muro-ami's operations at the resource frontier(s) has put them largely beyond the control of state regulators, allowing them to maximise yields. However, this overfishing and destruction of the marine environment severely threatens future food security in the Philippines.
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Bredström, Anna. "Safe sex, unsafe identities : intersections of 'race', gender and sexuality in swedish HIV/AIDS policy /." Linköping : Department of social and welfare studies, Linköping university, 2008. http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:17781/FULLTEXT01.

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Nygaard, Kimiko Jean-Lena. "From the Old to New West: changes in landownership and land use in the Crazy Mountains, Montana from 1900 to 2000." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/nygaard/NygaardK1208.pdf.

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Land and life across the Mountainous West are changing rapidly. Traditionally, mountain localities of the western United States have been centers of natural resource extraction and production. Many of these settings however, are being redefined as part of an amenity-oriented, economy and lifestyle. Whereas Old West landscapes reflect industries of mining, farming, ranching, and logging, the New West has become a spatial arena for recreation, tourism, and second-home development. Consequently, different land use ethos and land management practices between residents have led to conflict over resources. This study reconstructs settlement patterns and land use histories for southwest Montana\'s Crazy Mountains between 1900 and 2000 to illustrate some of the ways in which the dichotomous interplay of Old and New West economies has quietly reshaped the region\'s human geography and cultural landscape. In addition, interview data with local residents allowed an examination of the complex mosaic of changing cultural values that accompany the transformation between the Old and New West. Changes in the landscape evolution of the Crazy Mountains are reflective of broader transformations that have taken place at the regional and national level.
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Nygaard, Kimiko Jean-Lena. "From the Old to New West changes in landownership and land use in the Crazy Mountains, Montana from 1900 to 2000 /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/nygaard/NygaardK1208.pdf.

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Lux, Marylène. "Sobre la recepción de la obra de Javier Marías en Alemania." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1238077574.

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Adams, Jordan M. "Thulium Mode-Locked Fiber Laser." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1556832264328871.

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Lux, Marylène. "Sobre la recepción de la obra literaria de Javier Marías en Alemania." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1238077574.

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32

Lundgren, Isa. "Reform och reträtt : En kvalitativ studie av svenska keramikers inspirationskällor till yta och dekor under 1800-, 1900-, och början av 2000-talet." Thesis, Department of Culture and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19765.

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Syftet med arbetet är att ge en bild av svenska keramikers inspirationskällor till yta och dekor under 1800-, 1900- och 2000-talet. Det som är relevant för frågeställningen är att ta reda på ursprunget till dessa källor och varför just dem har inspirerat och banat väg för dåtida, samtida och framtida keramiska uttryck i dekor och yta. Frågeställningarna har besvarats genom en kvalitativ litteraturstudie i kombination med två kvalitativa intervjuer med två idag verksamma keramiker i Sverige kring deras tillämpning av yta och dekor på sina föremål under 1990-talet samt 2000-talet. En begränsning har gjorts i urvalet av perioder studerade i arbetet på så sätt att början av 1800-talet har utelämnats samt även alla studier kring 1920-, 30-, och 40-talen. Resultatet visar på effekten av industrialiseringen, samt vikten av pionjärer och möjligheter att söka information. Bärande stilideal beskrivs och utmynnar i diskussion kring samhällets påverkan med betoning på vad som anses rätt och fel i tiden, samt det ständig återkommande fenomenet inom stilskapande där reform blandas eller byts ut mot reträtt. Arbetet kan användas som en del till en grund för större mer omfattande arbeten där syftet är att dra säkra slutsatser om generaliseringar, men även för arbeten som berör konsthantverk, stilideal och inspiration i övrigt.

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Wachenfeldt, Thomas von. "Folkmusikalisk utbildning, förbildning och inbillning : En studie över tradering och lärande av svensk spelmansmusik under 1900- och 2000-talen, samt dess ideologier." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Musik och dans, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26703.

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Den svenska folkmusiken har alltsedan den ”upptäcktes” av akademiker under början av 1800-talet varit behäftad med ett tankegods som genom historien nyttjats för sina syften av såväl höger- som vänsterorienterade politiska rörelser. Då detta av många forskare i flertalet studier redan redovisats, är denna musikpedagogiska avhandlings främsta syfte att undersöka huruvida ideologier med rötter i tysk nyromantik och svensk nygöticism rönt inflytande på hur lärande och tradering över tid gestaltats.Studien, som är en sammanläggningsavhandling bestående av fyra artiklar och en historisk studie, har berört synen på lärande i den tidiga spelmansrörelsen under 1920-talet, folkmusikutbildning i nutid på Framnäs folkhögskola, samt lärande och tradering i ett spelmanslag. Metoderna som använts i de olika artiklarna har beroende på respektive undersöknings syfte varit av både kvantitativ och kvalitativ art. De teorier som använts har i huvudsak varit Bourdieus fältteori och Ricœurs Mimesisteori; Liedmanns begreppspar Manifesta och Latenta ideologier, samt Lave & Wengers teorier om situerat lärande och praxisgemenskap.I resultaten har det framkommit att spelmännen under 1920-talet i flera avseenden anammade ett under 1800-talet framarbetat tankegods som uppmuntrade ett autodidakt och gehörsbaserat lärande, samt en förändrad syn på repertoar som premierade äldre låttyper som polska och vallåt, framför nyare låtar som schottis och polka. Det framkommer även i studien att en betydande del av synen på folkmusikens tradering lever än idag såväl inom det institutionaliserade som icke-institutionella folkmusikfältet.
Godkänd; 2014; 20141220 (thovon); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av filosofie doktorsexamen, Namn: Thomas von Wachenfeldt Ämne: Musikpedagogik / Music Education Avhandling: Folkmusikalisk Utbildning, förbildning och inbillning En studie över tradering och lärande av svensk spelmansmusik under 1900- och 2000-talen, samt dess ideologier Opponent: Professor Magne I. Espeland Stord/Haugesund University Collage Stord, Norge Ordförande: Professor Cecilia Ferm Avdelningen för musik och dans Institutionen konst, kommunikation och lärande Luleå Tekniska Universitet Tid: Fredag den 6 februari 2015, kl. 13.00 Plats: L165, Campus Piteå, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Nasehi, Carly S. "Influences on migrant policy in Germany the role of identity, economy, and institutions on citizenship and asylum law between 1900 and 2000 /." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/210374.

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Thesis (Honors paper)--Florida State University, 2008.
Advisor: Dr. Elwood Carlson, Florida State University, College of Social Sciences, Dept. of International Affairs. Includes bibliographical references.
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Nilsson, Micael. "Genusregim i förändring : jämställdhet och makt i kommunal politik mellan åren 1970 och 2006 /." Linköping : Institutionen för studier av samhällsutveckling och kultur, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:54624/FULLTEXT01.

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Leibnitz, Kimiko. "Die Frauenfiguren in Hamlet-Verfilmungen des 20. Jahrhunderts." Doctoral thesis, Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2005. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-19478.

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Diese Dissertation liefert einen kulturhistorischen Überblick über die Darstellung der Frauenfiguren Gertrude und Ophelia in Hamlet-Verfilmungen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die beiden weiblichen Gestalten werden dabei im Hinblick auf ihr äußeres Erscheinungsbild wie auch ihre Charakterzeichnung vor dem historischen, kulturellen, politischen und gesellschaftlichen Entstehungshintergrund der Filme beleuchtet. Die Analysen konzentrieren sich ausschließlich auf Kinofilme, da diese ein wesentlich breiteres Publikum erreichen als etwa die diversen Bühnen- oder Textfassungen des Stücks. Die erste der insgesamt zwanzig untersuchten Leinwandfassungen entstand im Jahre 1900, die letzte kam 2000 in die Kinos – die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt also eine genau 100-jährige Tradition der Hamlet-Verfilmungen
This doctoral thesis provides a comprehensive historico-cultural analysis of the figures of Gertrude and Ophelia as portrayed in Hamlet film adaptations of the 20th century. The two female figures are examined with a special emphasis on their outward appearance and character disposition, which are set against the historical, cultural, political and social background of when the films were produced. These analyses focus exclusively on film adaptations made for cinematic release, which have a larger audience than the various book versions and TV and stage productions of the play. The first of the overall twenty Hamlet films discussed here was made in 1900, the last one in 2000 – the work at hand comprises therefore a one-hundred-year-old tradition of Hamlet film adaptations
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Valenzuela, Vidal Rodrigo Alfredo. "Tesis de Derecho Canónico y de Derecho Eclesiástico del Estado confeccionadas en Chile en las Facultades de Derecho en el Siglo XX (1900-2000)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2000. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/107215.

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Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)
No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo
El estudio del Derecho Canónico en Chile durante el siglo XX ha sido escaso en las universidades, quedando reducido más bien a los seminarios y a la Facultad de Teología. Con todo, durante este siglo el cultivo del mismo no ha desaparecido del todo en las Escuelas de Derecho en las cuales es posible encontrar numerosas memorias de grado que se han realizado sobre temas canónicos, ya en perspectiva histórica, ya en perspectiva dogmática, ya en comparación con los derechos estatales en general y con el chileno en particular. Las hay también que abordan el tema religioso desde la perspectiva del Derecho Eclesiástico del Estado, abordando aspectos diversos de la regulación que el Estado de Chile hace del hecho religioso en su dimensión social. La presente memoria tiene por objetivo un estudio bibliográfico de las memorias de grado que se han realizado en las Facultades de Derecho desde el año 1900 hasta la fecha en ambas ramas del Derecho.
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Kauer, Katja. "Banaler und dämonischer Sex in der Literatur um 1900 und um 2000 : "voneinander Besitz ergreifen oder einfach kopulieren: ... zwischen der Anatomie und dem Imaginären" /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-3114-7.htm.

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Kauer, Katja. "Banaler und dämonischer Sex in der Literatur um 1900 und um 2000 "voneinander Besitz ergreifen oder einfach kopulieren: ... zwischen der Anatomie und dem Imaginären"." Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://d-nb.info/985900490/04.

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Järnvall, Emma. "Från bokrum till social mötesplats : En studie av biblioteksbyggnadens funktion och utformning från 1970 till idag." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-144801.

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Den här uppsatsen undersöker biblioteksarkitekturens utveckling från 1970 till idag. Utifrån diskursanalysens principer samt genom en traditionell arkitekturanalys redovisas bibliotekets utveckling både vad gäller funktion, utseende och placering i stadsrummet. Genom fallstudier undersöks också arkitekturen hos Norrköpings stadsbibliotek, Uppsala stadsbibliotek samt Halmstads stadsbibliotek för att exemplifiera utvecklingen och ge en utökad bild av stadsbibliotekens arkitektoniska utveckling.
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Leiskau, Katja, and Patrick Rössler. "Das Who’s who des Grafikdesigns." SLUB Dresden, 2016. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A7618.

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Mondäne Damen und gestählte Sportler, kühne Designs und moderne Anmutung – die schillernden Werbe-Ikonen der Weimarer Republik sind längst Teil unseres visuellen Gedächtnisses geworden. Die seit dem 10. März 2016 im Buchmuseum der SLUB gezeigte Ausstellung bot Einblicke in die Werbe- und Designgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts.
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Strand, Karin. "Känsliga bitar : text- och kontextstudier i sentimental populärsång /." Skellefteå : Ord & visor, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-87.

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Bouttier, Pierre. "La nouvelle et l'edition. Domaine francais 1975-1990." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030098.

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De 1975 a 1990, deux cent trente huit editeurs d'importance tres variable ont publie neuf cent soixante et un recueils de nouvelles d'interet inegal pendant qu'une centaine de revues plus ou moins specialisees inscrivaient a leurs sommaires un petit millier de signatures nouvellistes de qualites fort diverses. La realite arithmetique du microcosme nouvelliste est dite avec ces chiffres. Mais sa veritable decouverte implique la rencontre des textes brefs partout ou ils sont donnes a lire, du manuscrit impubliable a l'edition du recueil en format de poche en passant par les nouvelles primees des multiples concours et les textes retenus par les comites de lecture des revues et des maisons d'edition. Si la vitalite du genre s'apprecie principalement en lisant revues et recueils plutot qu'en parcourant les expeditifs bilans des echotiers, elle s'etalonne aussi en considerant la multiplication des concours et des prix, en mesurant l'impact du festival qui lui est dedie et, plus generalement, en observant la reception que lui reservent ses differents lectorats. Ce travail tente de presenter un panorama aussi complet que possible de la nouvelle francaise des annees 1975-1990 dans ses rapports les plus divers avec l'edition. Apres avoir rappele la difficulte de retenir une definition du genre unanimement acceptee, puis avoir invite a decouvrir les activites des principaux artisans d'un microcosme constrate (auteurs, revuistes, organisateurs de concours, editeurs. . . ), il s'acheve en proposant a ceux qu'interesse la reception de la nouvelle francaise d'aujourd'hui de mediter sur les pragmatiques enseignements delivres par l'interrogation d'un campus, par la lecture des histoires litteraires et des manuels avant de saluer les propagandistes qui, depuis 1990, ont pris le relais de leurs aines
From 1975 to 1990, two hundred and thirty eight publishers of various importance issued nine hundred and sixty-one short-stories collections of unequal interest whereas a hundred of more or less specialized reviews acknowledeged within their texts about a thousand differently gifted short-story writers. The arithmetical reality of the short-story microcosm can be expressed through these figures. But the real discovery implies that you can find studies of these short texts everywhere, from the impublishable manuscript to the edition of the pocket size collection, mentioning too the prizewinning short-stories and the texts selected by the magazine readind committees and publishing firms. If the vitality of this genre can be mostly enjoyed by reading magazines and books instead of going through the speedy evaluation of gossip columnists, it can be measured too by examining the increase of competitions and prizes and by considering the impact of the festival which is dedicated to the short-story and, more generally, by observing how it is received by different readers. This work attempts to present a perspective as complete as possible of the french short-story (1975-1990) in its different rapports to publishing. After considering the difficulty of retaining a definition of this genre accepted by everyone, after having been invited to discover the main author's activities in this contrasted small world (writers, magazine publishers, competition organizers, publishers. . . ), this work concludes by suggesting to people interested in the discovery of today's french short-story to ponder over the pragmatic teaching delivered by questioning of a campus, by the reading of the literary histories and text books before addressing the propagandists who, since 1990, have taken over from their elders
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Månsdotter, Anna. "Health, economics, and feminism : on judging fairness and reform /." Umeå : Public Health and Clinical Medicine, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-731.

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Benoist-Bruneau, Anne-Marie. "Emile Nelligan et la postérité." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040145.

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Emile Nelligan est un poète de référence. Il est vrai qu'il a été le premier à s'exprimer à la première personne du singulier et à utiliser des images singulièrement fortes. Son talent a été découvert par Louis Dantin qui l'a préfacé. Sa célébrité a été renforcée par quelques apparitions aux séances de l'école littéraire de Montréal. Cette poésie sans référence au pays natal a généré une querelle entre exotistes et régionalistes. L'hommage rendu au poète incitera des amateurs à écrire. Rejean Ducharme fera réciter ses vers par ses personnages de roman, tous des adolescents épris de liberté. Charles ab der Halden fut le défenseur, en France, de la poésie canadienne-française et de Nelligan. Cette poésie est si énigmatique que la mise en parallèle de différentes interprétations du poème La vierge noire aide à une meilleure interprétation. Emile Nelligan initie la poésie de l'intériorité. Un rapprochement avec Arthur Rimbaud s'impose tant les deux grands mythes sont comparables. Poète de la solitude, Emile Nelligan a-t-il influencé les grands poètes contemporains? Saint-Denys Garneau qui avoue ne pas le connaitre ressent un malaise comparable mais pratique une poésie plus libérée. Alain Grandbois, par sa personnalité et sa forme poétique, s'éloigne de la poésie de Nelligan mais cherche comme lui un ailleurs pour abolir le temps et l'espace. Anne Hébert semble, par une parole libératrice, donner réponse aux sujets d'angoisse de Nelligan. Les thèmes récurrents communs à tous ces poètes permettent d'envisager un particularisme québécois. Des écrivains plus jeunes comme Normand Chaurette et Claude Beausoleil se réfèrent à Nelligan montrant ainsi que celui-ci a facilité la naissance d'une identité québécoise. C'est pourquoi Emile Nelligan appartient incontestablement à la postérité.
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Geijer, Mia. "Makten över monumenten : restaurering av vasaslott 1850-2000 /." Stockholm : Nordiska museets förlag, 2007. http://www.nordiskamuseet.se/Upload/images/4709.jpg.

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Perret, Laetitia. "Montesquieu au miroir de l'enseignement : rhétorique, histoire littéraire, littérature (1803-2000)." Lyon, École normale supérieure lettres et sciences humaines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0055.

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Montesquieu offre un terrain d'études particulièrement riche pour qui s'intéresse à la réception d'un auteur dans l'enseignement, par sa présence dans les programmes et les manuels dès la fin du XVIIIè siècle, par son appartenance au XVIIIè siècle, par ses oeuvres difficiles à catégoriser dans des genres préétablis. Un auteur n'existe pas seul dans ces manuels. Il est passé au travers de différents filtres, qui, souvent, le défigurent. Le premier de ces filtres est la conception de l'enseignement des lettres. De 1800 à 1880 Montesquieu est avant tout un modèle d'écriture. De 1880 à 1980, il est étudié en fonction de sa plus ou moins grande adéquation au mouvement des Lumières, à partir de 1980 s'ajoute à cet aspect celui de l'étude du discours. Mais un auteur est aussi lu à travers un autre filtre, qui est la conception que les manuels se font du XVIIIe siècle, analysé comparativement au XVIIe siècle. Cette conception fait du XVIIIè siècle un personnage à part entière, doté de caractéristiques fortes de sorte que les auteurs sont analysés en fonction de leur représentativité. Montesquieu est à la fois lu comme le continuateur d'une esthétique classique et comme l'annonciateur de l'écriture des Lumières. Mais il est aussi utilisé pour définir ce qu'est, ou n'est pas, un philosophe des Lumières, à travers sa biographie plus qu'à travers ses écrits. Dès lors, l'oeuvre en elle-même est non pas le point de départ de l'analyse des manuels, mais la résultante de ces différents filtres. Les oeuvres de Montesquieu sont ainsi analysées à partir du discours plus général sur le roman, le genre historique, et la littérature du XVIIIe siècle, qui s'attacherait à des problématiques moins littéraires, plus sociales, politques, scientifiques
Montesquieu offers a particularly rich ground for studies for whoever is interested in the reception of an author in teaching, in his presence in the syllabus and the handbooks of the end of the 18th century, in the way he belongs in the 18th century and in his work, which is difficult to categorize in pre-established categories. An author does not exist by himself in these handbooks. He goes through various filters, which often disfigure him. The first of those filters is the conception of the teaching of litterature. From 1800 to 1880, Montesquieu is above all a model of writing. From 1880 to 1980, he is studied according to his more or less great adequacy with the movement of The Enlightenment, and from 1980 on, the study of the speech is added to this aspect. But an author is also read through another filter which is the conception the handbooks have of the 18th century, analyzed comparatively with the 17th century. This conception makes the 18th century a one of a kind charachter endowed with strong characteristics so that authors are analyzed according to their representativeness. Montesquieu is read both like the continuator of traditional aesthetics and like the foreteller of the writing of The Enlightenment, through his biography more than through his writings. As a consequence, the work as such is not the starting point of handbooks analysis, but the resultant of these various filters. Montesquieu's works are thus analysed starting from the more general speech on the novel kind, the historical kind, and the literature of the 18th century, which would stick to less literary, more social, political and scientific issues
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48

Bonnevier, Katarina. "Behind Straight Curtains : Towards a queer feminist theory of architecture." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : School of Architecture, Royal Institute of Technology : Axl Books, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4295.

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49

Gayme, Évelyne. "L'image des prisonniers de guerre français de la Seconde guerre mondiale : 1940-2000." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100127.

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A la différence des prisonniers de guerre de la Grande guerre, ceux de la Seconde n'ont jamais été oubliés. Grâce au film La Grande Illusion, qui sort en 1937 et ressort en 1946, ils sont dans tous les esprits, d'autant que chaque famille connaît un prisonnier. Une image schématique, mais dans laquelle les Français se reconnaissent, se développe : les prisonniers sont des victimes, des Français moyens. Cette image naît pendant la guerre et se maintient après, grâce au cinéma, à la littérature, et à des témoignages autocensurés pour correspondre à l'image déjà construite. Craignant de devoir se justifier de la défaite française, les prisonniers de guerre s'auto-épurent en effet et opèrent un tri dans leurs récits : or l'image de l'opinion publique à leur égard n'est négative que durant l'été et l'automne 1945, en liaison avec le procès Pétain. Mais ils sont reconnus officiellement comme des combattants dès 1949. Cette image constamment présente dans la société évolue peu, et seulement en fonction des capacités d'identification et des aspirations des Français : le prisonnier de guerre est un homme ordinaire face au résistant gaullien dans les années 1960 ; il n'aime pas la guerre alors que la décolonisation bat son plein ; il témoigne que l'ennemi peut être humain quand la Guerre froide diabolise l'autre. Dès les années 1950, des voix très minoritaires s'élèvent au sein de la communauté des anciens prisonniers contre cette image qui ne met en valeur ni leurs souffrances particulières, ni les valeurs auxquelles ils sont attachées. Les années 1970, qui éclairent les zones de la Seconde Guerre mondiale jusque là restées dans l'ombre, sont le moment choisi par les prisonniers pour rétablir une image plus conforme à ce qu'ils ont subi, sans succès cependant, les Français ne pouvant s'identifier à une image trop précise. Pour intégrer cet échec, les anciens prisonniers développent aujourd'hui l'idée selon laquelle chaque captivité étant unique, aucune image ne saurait être fidèle
Contrarily to World War One prisoners of war, those of World War Two have never been forgotten. Owing to the movie La Grande Illusion, which came out in 1937 and again in 1946, prisoners were in all minds, especially as every family knew a prisoner personally. A basic image spread, in which the French people recognized themselves : prisoners were victims, average Frenchmen. This image was created during the war and carried on, owing to movies, literature and the self-censored witnesses who agreed with the existing image. As prisoners of war feared they had to justify themselves for the French defeat, censored themselves and selected the tales they chose to tell. However the public opinion's view was only negative during summer and autumn of 1945, on account of the Pétain trial. But prisoners of war were officially proclaimed fighting men as from 1949. This image, though constantly present in society, did not alter much and at that only with the abilities of identification and the expectations of the French people. The prisoner of war was an ordinary man facing the gaullien resistant during the Sixties. He hated war while decolonization took place. He proved that the enemy could be human even when the Cold War demonized the Other. During the Fifties, a minority among senior prisoners rose against this image, which did not show their private sufferings and the values in which they believed. The prisoners chose the Seventies to reestablish a more realistic picture of what they had lived through and enlightered the dark hours of World War Two. Unsuccessfully : the French people being unable to identify with too specific an image. Nowadays, senior prisoners argue that each one of their experience was so unique that no one image can reflect the diversity or their traumas
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50

Waldemarson, Ylva. "Kvinnor och klass - en paradoxal skapelseberättelse : LOs kvinnoråd och makten att benämna 1898-1967 /." Stockholm : Arbetslivsinstitutet : Univ, 2000. http://ebib.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/aio/2000/aio2000_01.pdf.

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