Academic literature on the topic '1885-1930 Criticism and interpretation'
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Journal articles on the topic "1885-1930 Criticism and interpretation"
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Winarni, Retno, Ratna Endang Widuatie, Tri Chandra Aprianto, and Nurhadi Sasmita. "Perkembangan Perkebunan Partikelir di Jember (1850-an – 1930-an)." Historia 4, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jhist.v4i1.28427.
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This study was aimed to track how the history of plantations in Jember from the 1850s-1930s. When did plantations arise in Jember? What types of plants were developed on Jember plantations? How was the development of the plantation quantitatively? And what was the impact of the existence of plantations on the development of Jember and its people. The method in this study is a historical method which includes heuristic, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of this study are that plantations in Jember developed along with the development of colonial power in the Belada Indies, precisely since the VOC era, but experienced rapid development starting from the implementation period culture stelsel, but reached its peak in liberal times, and plantations also experienced a period of ebb as colonial power receded as well. The conclusion is that there is a parrarel relationship between plantation development and the development of colonial power.
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Imadudin, Iim. "PERDAGANGAN LADA DI LAMPUNG DALAM TIGA MASA (1653-1930)." Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya 8, no. 3 (May 5, 2017): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v8i3.14.
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This article aims to reveal the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung in three political systems. The study uses historical method consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The struggle for influence in the region is created in the pattern of domination and subordination. Lampung as the pepper producer is under the influence of Banten, VOC, and the Dutch government. Thus, it is inevitable that there isthe economic exploitation in the relationship. The study shows that the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung cannot be separated from the various competing parties. The players are Sultanate of Banten, VOC, and the Dutch government. However, the role of local elites of Lampungis also taken into account. The waning of pepper trade, in addition to internal factors such as not optimal maintenance of pepper garden, also due to lower demand from the international market. The monopoly factor of the pepper trade by foreign powers also crushes the pepper trade system that has lasted long enough.
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Mansyur, Mansyur. "MIGRASI DAN JARINGAN EKONOMI SUKU BUGIS DI WILAYAH TANAH BUMBU, KERESIDENAN BORNEO BAGIAN SELATAN DAN TIMUR, 1930-1942." Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v1i1.11850.
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The Bugis migration to Tanah Bumbu, Afdeeling Pasir en de Tanah Boemboe, Residentie Borneo’s Zuid en Oosterafdeeling continued until the early decades of the 20th century, especially in 1930-1942. It was indirectly indicates how strong economic motives of the Bugis. In an effort to survive in the midst of economic depression or malaise, Bugis migrants "creates" economic adaptation strategy to establish a network of fisheries Ponggawa (skipper) Bugis in the early 1930's. Most migrant Bugis also tried farmer (bahuma) for copra and coconut planting. Plantation crops are suitable and almost the same as plantation crops in South Sulawesi. In addition, in the field of marine migrant boat Bugis also developed business people to serve the marine transportation. This study uses the history of the historical method, which is a method to test and analyze critically the recording and relics of the past. The historical method comprises step heuristics, criticism of sources (external and internal), interpretation and historiography.
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Bertonneau, Thomas F. "Like Hypatia before the Mob: Desire, Resentment, and Sacrifice in The Bostonians (An Anthropoetics)." Nineteenth-Century Literature 53, no. 1 (June 1, 1998): 56–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2902970.
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Recent criticism of Henry James's The Bostonians (1885) tends to vindicate the plan of Olive Chancellor to recruit the young Verena Tarrant to the cause of radical feminism. This essay argues that such an interpretation can be made only at the cost of ignoring the novel's plea for recognizing the validity of the subject's own plan for himself or herself, a recognition that Olive's intentions regarding Verena violate. The essay makes use of an allusion in James's novel to Charles Kingsley's Hypatia (1853) that has been over-looked by previous critics. Exploring the relation between James's and Kingsley's novels permits us to understand that The Bostonians is a novel about sacrifice-the dedication of individuals to causes not their own and against their will. James ultimately affirms a dialogical view of human existence in which each individual makes an implicit demand to be included as an equal partner in a reciprocal conversation about life. The highest form of this conversation is love.
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Jodi, Jergian, and Badrun Badrun. "Eksistensi Kawasan Pecinan dalam Bentuk Pemenuhan Tata Ruang Kota Jember, 1930-1970." Local History & Heritage 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.57251/lhh.v2i1.330.
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The formation of the district of Jember was influenced by Europeans who were interested in establishing a plantation in Jember. Jember which was originally part of the Bondowoso afdeeling then on January 9, 1883 the Governor of the Dutch East Indies made a change to a separate afdeeling and in 1928 the Dutch East Indies government issued a regulation to increase the status to Regentschap Djember as a district. Changes in status caused a large number of migrants to come, especially ethnic Chinese who made their place of residence namely the Chinatown village. The Chinatown area which is located in the city center is not only their place of residence, but their economic activities are also carried out in the area. The objectives to be achieved in this article are: (1) to determine the process of the formation of the Chinatown area in Jember Regency, (2) to determine the influence of the Chinatown area on the spatial planning of the city of Jember, 1930-1970. The method used in this study is a historical research method that contains four points, including: heuristics (data collection), verification (source criticism), interpretation, and historiography.
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Fagniez, Guillaume. "Karl Löwiths Kritik der geschichtlichen Existenz." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 67, no. 5 (December 2, 2019): 789–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2019-0058.
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Abstract This paper examines the “critique of historical existence” as a main theme in Karl Löwith’s philosophical works and discusses its emergence, its exact meaning and its contemporary relevance. First, the study shows that Löwith’s critique of History stems from his preoccupation with the question of nihilism. He first discusses the question of “the world as such” in the 1920’s in the context of his anthropological project, and then again in the 1930’s as part of his interpretation of the work of Nietzsche. Secondly, a distinction is proposed between, on the one hand, Löwith’s investigation into the “theological background of the philosophy of history” and, on the other hand, his radical criticism of history as a “historical world”. Finally, the paper sheds light on the difficulties that challenge the project of overcoming the modern historical paradigm, and goes on to discuss the new relevance that Löwith’s philosophy could have today in order to think anew the relationship between nature and history.
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Hana, Muhamad Yusrul. "Dinamika Sosio-Ekonomi Pedagang Santri dalam Mengembangkan Industri Kretek di Kudus, 1912-1930." JUSPI (Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam) 2, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/j.v2i1.1420.
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<p><em>This paper explain about study on local history on the economic action of santri trader in kretek industry in Kudus 1912-1930. The early trading system of kretek cigarettes was dominated by santri trader until Chinese began producing kretek cigarettes as well, which causes significant profit decline for santri trader. It raised socio-economic tension between the two ethnic due to economic rivalry relations. In the middle of 1912, Chinese merchants started taking over kretek cigarettes market in Kudus. The rivalry matters turns out to be a competition and reach its peak on October 1918 when santri Kudus commence attacking and destroying homes and shops owned by chinese. The falling economic of Chinese, has made Nitisemito and H.M Muslich (Santri trader figure) motivated to maximize their ability in developing kretek cigarette trading system in Kudus. There are several main points that will be explained furthermore in this study. First, the depict of construction between santri traders and chinese merchants in Kudus, second, the effort of Nitisemito and H.M. Muslich in founding kretek cigarettes factory, third, understanding of sosio-economic patterns and economic action of santri trader in Kudus. The methode that be used in this study is historical research contains heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>economic action,<strong> </strong>santri trader, kretek industry</p>
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Malinkin, Alexander. "To the History of Russian Sociology of the 1920–1930s: Soviet Marxism vs “Sociology of Knowledge”." Sociological Journal 27, no. 3 (September 28, 2021): 147–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2021.27.3.8428.
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In the 1920’s Marxism, having become the state ideology of Soviet Russia, took a leading position among the political ideologies of Europe in terms of its influence on the minds and hearts of people. The teachings of K. Marx and F. Engels received various interpretations, among which “sociology of knowledge” in the interpretation of M. Scheler and K. Mannheim earned the most recognition in the academic environment. It originated in Germany in the mid 1920’s as a result of criticism of the Marxist “theory of ideology”, of “economist” limitations of the materialistic vision of man, of history and society. In the USSR “sociology of knowledge” was understood to be the most refined attempt to overcome Marxism. The essential characteristics of Marxism and “sociology of knowledge” as interpreted by K. Mannheim are revealed, while being subjected to comparative and critical analysis. The first reaction of Soviet Marxist sociologists to “sociology of knowledge” is analyzed. In the light of this reaction, it was presented as “social fascism”. The specifics of how the teachings of K. Marx and F. Engels existed in the USSR during the 1920s–1930’s are evaluated. “Historical materialism” is qualified as a sociological methodology of suspicion, and the practice of its application by the Bolsheviks as a form of discrimination and persecution in society based on social class and social group affiliation.
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Krupach, Mykola. "«Z lupoyu literaturnoho detektyva» (Do problemy identyfikatsiyi utayemnychenykh tekstiv)." Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie 8 (April 16, 2021): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2451-2958spu.8.15.
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The article “Contemporary Ukrainian Poetry” by Oleh Olzhych has been given the status of an authoritative source in domestic literary criticism in recent decades, in particular, in the study of the genesis of emigrant poetry of 1920-1930 and in general on the interpretation of the state of national literature in eastern and western countries, which in the interwar period were respectively under the rule of Russia and Poland. Only the “textual coincidences, general concept and intonation” of the article and Olzhych’s related texts were taken as the basis of identification. Such a technique contains elements of pre-programming of the final result and can lead to erroneous conclusions in identifying the author of the publication. It draws attention to the analogies of text construction, subject matter, lexical and stylistic coincidences, etc., but distracts from what is the main in the objective establishment of the publication of a particular person - the (internal) content of the text. The example of Olzhych’s attitude to the process of development of national literature in the interwar period and especially to the work of his father (Oleksandr Oles) shows that he can’t be the author of a politically quite controversial article “Contemporary Ukrainian Poetry”.
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Nilova, Anna. ""POETICS" OF ARISTOTLE IN RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS." Проблемы исторической поэтики 19, no. 4 (December 2021): 7–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j9.art.2021.9822.
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The article presents an overview of the existing translations of Aristotle's “Poetics”, characterizes the features of each of them. In the preface to his translation of Aristotle's “Poetics”, V. Zakharov characterized the work of the Greek philosopher as a “dark text.” Each translation of this treatise, which forms the basis of European and world literary theory, is also its interpretation, an attempt to interpret the “dark places.” The first Russian translation of “Poetics” was made by B. Ordynsky and published in 1854, however, the Russian reader was familiar with the contents of the treatise through translations into European languages and its expositions in Russian. For instance, in the “Dictionary of Ancient and New Poetry” Ostolopov sets out the Aristotelian theory of drama and certain other aspects of “Poetics” very close to the original text. Ordynsky translated the first 18 chapters of “Poetics”, focusing on the theory of tragedy. The translator presented his interpretation of Aristotle’s concept in an extensive preface, commentaries and a lengthy “Statement.” This translation set off a critical analysis by Chernyshevsky, and influenced his dissertation “Aesthetic relations of art to reality”, in which the author polemicizes with the aesthetics of German romanticism. In 1885 V. Zakharov published the first complete Russian translation of “Poetics”, in which he offered his own interpretation of Aristotle's teaching on language and epic. The author of this translation returns to the terminology of romantic aesthetics, therefore the translation itself is outside the main line of perception of the teachings of Aristotle by domestic literary theory, which is clearly manifested in the translations of V. G. Appelrot (1893), N. N. Novosadsky (1927) and M. L. Gasparov (1978). The subject of discussion in these translations was the interpretation of the notions of μῦϑος and παθος, the concepts of mimesis and catharsis, the source of suffering and the tragic, the possibility of modernizing terminology. An important milestone in the perception and assimilation of Aristotle's treatise by Russian literary criticism was its translation by A. F. Losev, which was not published, but was used by the author in his theoretical works and in criticizing other interpretations of “Poetics”. M. M. Pozdnev penned one of the last translations of “Poetics” (2008). The translator does not seek to preserve the peculiarities of the original style and interprets “Poetics” within the framework and terms of modern literary theory, focusing on its English translations. The main subject of the translator's reflection is Aristotle's understanding of the essence and phenomenon of poetic art. Translations of the Greek philosopher's treatise reflect the history of the formation and development of the domestic theory of literature, its main topics and terminological apparatus.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1885-1930 Criticism and interpretation"
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Grimanis, Catherine. "The narrator in D.H. Lawrence's travel fiction : nostalgia, disillusion, and vision." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61874.
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Vacani, Wendy. "A sense of place and community in selected novels and travel writings of D.H. Lawrence." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15154.
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In 1919 Lawrence left England to search for a better society; his novels and travel sketches (the latter are usually seen as peripheral to the novels) continually questioned the values of Western society. This study examines D.H. Lawrence's great 'English' novels in the light of their vivid portrayal of place and community. However, to procure a new emphasis the novels and travel writing are brought into close alignment, in order to examine the way in which the sorts of philosophical questions Lawrence was interested in - ideas on human character, marriage, social structures, God, time, and history - influence his portrayal of place and community across both these genres. Chapter I, on Sons and Lovers, emphasises the way social and historical factors can shape human relationships as powerfully as personal psychology. In Chapter II, on Twilight in Italy, discussion of the effect of place on human character is broadened into a consideration of the differences between the Italian and English psyche; the philosophical passages are read in the light of revisions made to the periodical version. Chapters III and IV, on The Rainbow and Women in Love, conscious of the critique of English society that Lawrence made in Twilight, recognise that although Lawrence is concerned to show the flow of individual being he is no less interested in the relationship between the self and society, and the clash between psychological needs and social structures like work, marriage and industrialisation. Chapter V, on Sea and Sardinia, examines Lawrence's realisation that the state of travel engages with the present and impacts on individual needs and identity. Chapter VI, on Mornings in Mexico, studies the way Lawrence transcended the journalism usual to the travel genre and maintained a deep spirituality as he pondered the attributes of a primitive society and its appropriateness to Western Society. Because travel writing is both reactive and subjective (a writer's reaction to a country is underpinned by the metatext of his own concerns), I ask if Lawrence's presentation of experience can be thought of as accurate or whether places and people are constructs of his imagination. Chapter VIII examines Lady Chatterley's Lover as Lawrence's attempt to bring together the attitudes to sex, class and education witnessed on his travels with an English setting; to envisage a way of living that would meet the deep-rooted needs of man. Chapter VIII, on Etruscan Places, shows Lawrence conscious of encountering the ultimate journey, death, and pays tribute to the fact that while the book searches for philosophical answers on how to die, it is at the same time a paean to life and the beauty of landscape.
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Church, Joanne. "Jennifer Johnston and the Bildungsroman heroine." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61281.
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Jennifer Johnston, a contemporary Irish novelist, has written nine novels thus far encompassing a wide thematic range. While her protagonists include both male and female, in the three novels, The Old Jest, The Christmas Tree, and The Invisible Worm we witness the emergence of a new kind of heroine: the female Bildungsroman protagonist. I begin my study with a discussion of the traditional Bildungsroman as a male project, which traces the growth and self-development of an adolescent as he approaches maturity. A reformulation is then established allowing for a female version of the genre while differentiating between stories of the failure of development, such as Jane Eyre, and Johnston's stories where development is realized. I propose to demonstrate how Johnston's works exemplify the Bildungsroman form and also explore questions relevant to female development such as the protagonist's relationship to work, to love, to family, to tradition, and to writing.
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Rivard, Jacques. "L'Universalité du théâtre de Marcel Dubé." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56934.
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The works of Marcel Dube are a testimony of the French Canadian society's evolution, at a time when its cultural and social identity was being questioned. Beyond any doubt, his plays had a strong influence upon Quebecers during the fifties and sixties. Dube's dramatic works have instigated the interest of critics throughout Canada and also in the United States and Europe.This thesis represents an analysis of five plays written by Marcel Dube giving clear indication of the universality of his works, particularly based on unpublished documents. These plays were written almost thirty years ago; nevertheless, they are still alive and applauded nowadays, which corroborates their universality. Also, on the unpublished recording tapes, actress Monique Miller, actor Jean Duceppe and author and critic Jean Ethier-Blais dwell precisely on the universality of Dube's works. Therefore I thought advisable to study this particular topic in the following plays: Zone, Florence, le temps des lilas, Bilan and Au retour des oies blanches.
On these unpublished recording tapes, Marcel Dube talks about himself and his life as a writer. We learn about his childhood, the beginning of his career, the people who surrounded and encouraged him, the social, cultural, and political environment that prevailed at the time he wrote his most famous plays. He also acknowledges his mistakes, his weaknesses, his ambitions and talks about the motives that prompted him to become a writer.
Furthermore, well known author and critic Jean Ethier-Blais expresses his ideas and feelings regarding the author and his works. Actors and personal friends Monique Miller and Jean Duceppe recollect the circumstances and the effect the dramatic art of Marcel Dube has had on French Canadian culture.
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Wilson, Sonia. "La symbolique maternelle dans quatre romans de Françoise Mallet-Joris /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59851.
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So far, Francoise Mallet-Joris has been categorized either as a Catholic novelist or as a moderate feminist. Accused of conservatism by some, perceived by others as immoral, she has been considerably underrated by a critical audience anxious to maintain traditional literary categories. This thesis attempts to demonstrate that faith and feminism, far from conflicting with each other, are linked in Mallet-Joris' work with the process of writing, thus forming a triple entity where the common denominator is the theme of maternity. This theme will be analysed in four of Mallet-Joris' novels, Les Mensonges, Les Signes et les Prodiges, Allegra, and La Tristesse du Cerf-volant, using a symbolic approach whose usefulness lies in the twofold definition of a symbol as, on the one hand, a materialisation of the inexpressible and on the other, a split unity. For the temporal modality and the concept of identity inherent in the maternal experience place it outside the narrative system, thus putting any author who wishes to tackle this area in the position of either inventing a new narrative form or attempting a compromise between already existing forms and the specific content of the maternal experience. It is this latter alternative that Francoise Mallet-Joris adopts. Although as far as form is concerned, Mallet-Joris can hardly be termed innovative, she demonstrates on an ideological plane an originality which is largely the product of using the symbol of the Virgin Mary as an intermediary between the maternal experience and the symbolic order.
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Ocaña, Karen Isabel. "Synthetic authenticity : the work of Angela Carter, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26748.
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This thesis constitutes an investigation into contemporary writing--both fictional and philosophical. More specifically, it is a comparative analysis of the work of British novelist Angela Carter, and French philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, in the light of the concept of synthetic authenticity. It is divided into three chapters, "Becomings", "Events", and "Machines", and each chapter presents the work of both Carter and Deleuze and Guattari, respectively, in light of one of these topics. Chapter Two, however, focuses closely on Angela Carter's first novel, Shadow Dance, as it relates to the concept 'event'. And Chapter Three focuses on Carter's novel The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman, as it relates to and differs from the schizoanalytic notion of desiring machines.
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Leone, Matthew J. (Matthew Joseph). "The shape of openness : Bakhtin, Lawrence, laughter." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39750.
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How is Bakhtin's conception of novelistic openness distinct from modernist-dialectical irresolution or open-endedness? Is Women in Love a Bakhtinian "open totality"? How is dialogic openness (as opposed to modernist indeterminacy) a "form-shaping ideology" of comic interrogation?This study tests whether dialogism illuminates the shape of openness in Lawrence. As philosophers of potentiality, both Bakhtin and Lawrence explore the dialogic "between" as a state of being and a condition of meaningful fiction. Dialogism informs Women in Love. It achieves a polyphonic openness which Lawrence in his later fictions cannot sustain. Subsequently, univocal, simplifying organizations supervene. Dialogic process collapses into a stenographic report upon a completed dialogue, over which the travel writer, the poet or the messianic martyr preside.
Nevertheless, the old openness can be discerned in the ambivalent laughter of The Captain's Doll, St. Mawr or "The Man Who Loved Islands." In these retrospective variations on earlier themes, laughing openness of vision takes new, "unfinalizable" shapes.
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Highman, Kathryn Barbara. "A study of Ted Hughes's Birthday letters." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002235.
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This thesis focusses on the literary self-reflexivity of Birthday Letters, Ted Hughes's collection of poems addressed to his long-dead first wife, poet Sylvia Plath. By close attention to the language of select poems and a discussion of cross-referencing images and allusions across the volume, and intertextually, I argue that the collection is more self-consciously ordered and designed than the mainly biographical criticism the work has met with suggests. The thesis focusses on the poets' art rather than the biographical context of Birthday Letters, though it does not draw a neat distinction between their lives and their poetry - rather it demonstrates how Birthday Letters itself treats the relationship of art to life thematically. The introduction outlines the context of the volume's genesis and publication and the notions of poetry, myth and drama out of which Hughes works, and introduces the central metaphor of metamorphosis as figured in Ariel's song "Full Fathom Five" from The Tempest, as well as the importance of that play to Plath. Each of the chapters that follow focusses on a cluster of inter-related imagery through a discussion of four or five key poems. Chapter One examines Hughes's portrayal of himself as imprisoned by Plath's poetic portraits, and relates this to the recurring motifs of the snapshot and the Medusa myth. The poems discussed emphasize Hughes's consciousness of the metamorphic and "magical" relationship of art to life. The second chapter discusses Hughes's use of the myth of the labyrinth and the Minotaur, tracing it back to Plath's writings and reading, and pointing out its self-reflexivity: the labyrinth figures Hughes's own loss as well as the labyrinthine nature of writing. The third chapter considers the themes of possession and loss, and how they attach themselves to images of houses and jewels. Possession and loss tum, self-reflexively, upon issues of inheritance and remembrance, notably Hughes's inheritance of Plath's poetic legacy, and his remembrance of her and her poetry through his own poetry. The conclusion pursues connections between the observations made in the separate chapters, outlining the larger context out of which the poems emerge, and returning to the trope of metamorphosis as figured in "Full Fathom Five"
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Nichols, Margaret K. "D. H. Lawrence and submerged cultures in Birds, beasts and flowers." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1999. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/83.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
English Literature
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Prévost, Maxime. "Gaiete perverse et rire de force dans l'œuvre de Victor Hugo." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37816.
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This thesis studies the theme of laughter in the works of Victor Hugo, distinguishing two topical networks: that of perverse gaiety and that of forced laughter. Part One (La Gaiete perverse) shows how Hugo, drawing various commonplaces related to cruel laughter in the gothic novel, creates a first family of characters whose laugh derives from their demented nature (the monster, the headsman, the priest, the outlaw, the mob, the court jester). Part Two (La Tristesse des justes) concerns the Hugo which, between 1845 and 1862, fashions a mythology of the People renewing with commonplaces related to perverse gaiety, which he now links to characters seen as pillars of the Second Empire (the tyrant, the soldier, the police officer). While the wicked laugh, the just man cries, and the laughter of the oppressed (the convict, the prostitute, the street urchin) is constrained. Part Three (Le Rire de force) considers three works dating from Hugo's exile, including L'Homme qui rit, where the author clearly defines what constitutes forced laughter: a victim's exultation caused by the perversity of his social torturer, the tyrant. This transition from perverse gaiety (which stems from individual perversion) to forced laughter (the result of society's perversion) will be interpreted as the reflexion of a shift in the identity of Hugo's implied reader. While the first Hugo wrote about the people, the later Hugo aspires to write for the people, which considerably affects the meaning conferred to various commonplaces used throughout his writing career.
Books on the topic "1885-1930 Criticism and interpretation"
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Ray, Michele. Tatlin e la cultura del Vchutemas: 1885-1953, 1920-1930. Roma: Officina, 1992.
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Jules Pascin. London: Parkstone, 2003.
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Waggoner, Mark W. Bibliography of Balzac criticism, 1930-1990. Encinitas, CA, U.S.A: French Research Publications, 1990.
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Jämsänen, Auli. Juho Mäkela, (1885-1943). [Oulu]: Pohjoinen, 1997.
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Miller, Henry. The world of Lawrence: A passionate appreciation. London: Calder, 1985.
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Henry, Miller. The world of Lawrence: A passionate appreciation. London: John Calder, 1996.
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Harold, Bloom, ed. D.H. Lawrence. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986.
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Reading late Lawrence. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
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Hyde, G. M. D.H. Lawrence. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
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1929-, Salgādo Gāmini, and Das G. K, eds. The Spirit of D.H. Lawrence: Centenary studies. Totowa, N.J: Barnes & Noble Books, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "1885-1930 Criticism and interpretation"
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Mozharova, Marina A. "Textual Criticism of L.N. Tolstoy’s Unfinished Works of 1860–1870s." In L.N. Tolstoy: Moral Search and Creative Laboratory, 184–208. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/lt-978-5-9208-0664-2-184-208.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to L.N. Tolstoy’s unfinished works, published in academic Complete Works in 100 volumes (vol. 9, 2014). The author explores textual features of comedies “The Contaminated Family”, “The Nihilist” and the novel “The Decembrists”. Complications in studying the text of unfinished works arise from many factors, the main being the preservation of manuscript collection. Textual critic often has to reconstruct separate words or text fragments predicating on autographs and authorized copies. Another factor which greatly influences author’s text is the work of copyists. Their deliberate or unintentional meddling in the text usually results in losses but sometimes it becomes Tolstoy’s new source of inventive solutions. Another problem is the peculiarity of the writer’s handwriting which causes textual discrepancy. When it comes to selecting the main text source for the publication, the most difficult case is with “The Contaminated Family”. Although Tolstoy had finished the comedy, to this day we only have its unfinished copy as some manuscripts and the last version proofread by the author have not been preserved. The author of the article compares old publications of comedy (1928, 1930, 1936, 1982) and substantiates the main source for the academic edition. On the basis of detailed study of the preserved autographs and handwritten copies of Tolstoy’s unfinished works the progress of the writer’s work is shown, copyists’ work is analyzed and new interpretation of certain words is offered.