Academic literature on the topic '1868-1890'
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Journal articles on the topic "1868-1890"
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Gil, Rafael Barquín. "La producción de trigo en España en el último tercio del siglo XIX. Una comparación internacional." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 20, no. 1 (March 2002): 11–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610900009654.
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RESUMENEl propósito del artículo es presentar la evolución de la producción triguera de España en la última década del siglo xix. Para ello, se evalúan varias informaciones del período, y en particular dos de ellas: los avances estadísticos realizados por los ingenieros agrónomos provinciales en la década de los ochenta, y la estadística sobre consumo de cereales del Ministerio de Fomento de 1868. La principal conclusión que se deriva de esa investigación es que el consumo y la producción de trigo entre 1868 y 1890 fueron similares a los del período 1890–1896, lo que asemeja el caso español al italiano. Probablemente, el Arancel Cánovas tuvo un poderoso efecto en el incremento del auto-consumo de los campesinos cerealícolas.
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Galloway, David J. "Notes on the holotype of Sticta damaecornis β weigelii Ach. (=Sticta weigelii)." Lichenologist 38, no. 1 (December 19, 2005): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282905015598.
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Sticta wiegelii (Ach.) Vain., a cyanobacterial lichen characterized by mainly marginal isidia, occurs in montane rainforest in both tropical and cool-temperate forest biomes, being known from East Africa (Stizenberger 1895; Swinscow & Krog 1988; Krog 2000), Réunion and Madagascar (Nylander 1868; Hue 1890, 1901a), India (Joshi & Awasthi 1982); Japan (Yoshimura 1974; Kurokawa 2003; Takahashi et al. 2004), Central America and the West Indies (Nylander 1865; Hue 1890, 1901a; Imshaug 1956, 1957; Harris 1984; McDonald et al. 2003), Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil (Martius 1833; Vainio 1890; Hue 1901a; Malme 1934; McDonald et al. 2003), Argentina, Chile (Galloway 1994a), Java (Nylander 1868; Stizenberger 1895; Hue 1901b; Zahlbruckner & Mattick 1956); New Guinea (Szatala 1956; Streimann 1986), north-eastern Australia (Galloway 1998, 2001; McDonald et al. 2003), and several Pacific island groups including Hawaii, Fiji, the Galapagos, Tahiti, New Caledonia and the Kermadecs (for references see Elix & McCarthy 1998: 269; McDonald et al. 2003).
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Titterton, Rosemary, Robin C. Whatley, and John E. Whittaker. "A review of some key species of mainly Indo-Pacific Ostracoda from the collections of G. S. Brady." Journal of Micropalaeontology 20, no. 1 (July 1, 2001): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.20.1.31.
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Abstract. Fifteen key species of Recent Ostracoda (all but one from Indo-Pacific waters), selected from the collections of G. S. Brady and deposited in the Hancock Museum, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and The Natural History Museum, London, are reviewed. Holotypes and lectotypes have been formally designated and illustrated (by SEM) in the case of seven of these species: Neonesidea crosskeiana (Brady, 1866), Macrocyprina decora (Brady, 1866), Macrocyprina maculata (Brady, 1866), Pontocypris attenuata (Brady, 1868), Neocyprideis spinulosa (Brady, 1868), Keijia demissa (Brady 1868), Cytherella semitalis (Brady 1868). Other taxa reviewed and re-illustrated are five species erected by Brady in 1880: Neonesidea woodwardiana, Paranesidea globulus, Loxoconcha pumicosa, Kotaracythere inconspicua, Cletocythereis rastromarginata and Cytherelloidea venusta, and one species described by Brady in 1890: Neomonoceratina entomon. Lectotypes of these have been designated previously, elsewhere. The final species, Neocyprideis timorensis which, although found by Brady in 1880, was first formally described by Fyan in 1916.
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Robic, Marie-Claire. "Variations sur la forme: l’exercice cartographique à l’école (1868-1890)." Mappemonde 23, no. 3 (1991): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mappe.1991.978.
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Robic, Marie-Claire. "Variations sur la forme: l’exercice cartographique à l’école (1868-1890) (1ère partie)." Mappemonde 22, no. 2 (1991): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mappe.1991.967.
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Schuster, Jack C., Enio B. Cano, and Stéphane Boucher. "OGYGES AND VETURIUS (COLEOPTERA: PASSALIDAE) IN CENTRAL AMERICA: SYNONYMIES, RANGE EXTENSIONS AND NEW SPECIES." ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.) 21, no. 2 (May 7, 2005): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/azm.2005.2121990.
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Se realizaron los siguientes cambios nomenclatoriales en la taxonomía de Passalidae: Veturius laevior (Kaup 1868) n.stat., bona sp.; V. lineatosulcatus Luederwaldt 1941, n. syn. de V. laevior; Ogyges championi (Bates 1886) n. stat., bona sp.; y O. laevior (Kaup 1868) sensu auct., n. syn.de O. championi. Se presentan nuevos registros de distribución de V. sinuatocollis Kuwert 1890 (Honduras), O. crassulus (Casey) (Guatemala, Honduras), O. championi, O. cakchiqueli Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990, O. tzutuhili Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990, O. hondurensis Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990, O. quichensis Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990 y O. politus (Hincks 1953) (Guatemala). Se redescribe O. crassulus y se describen O. coxchicopi n. sp., O. monzoni n. sp., O. aluxi n .sp. y O. nahuali n. sp., todas especies de bosques nubosos o mesófilos de montaña, entre 900 y 2064msnm de Guatemala y Honduras. Se presenta una clave para las especies de Ogyges.
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bird, Olivia. "Mon Journal: The Journal and Memoir of Father Léon Doucet OMI, 1868–1890." Canadian Historical Review 100, no. 2 (May 2019): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.100.2.br05.en.
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Guagnano, Giacinto Davide. "The Transformations of Abduction: From the Inferential Model to the Logic of Relatives." Semiotica 2017, no. 215 (March 1, 2017): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0068.
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AbstractThis article traces the evolution of C. S. Peirce’s notion of abduction and proposes an interpretation of this evolution in light of the philosopher’s own theory of categories. It shows the shift from the inferential and propositional model developed in On a New List of Categories in 1867 and Some Consequences of Four Incapacities in 1868, focused on the category of Firstness (quality) to the post-1890 evenemential model. In this post-1890 model, Firstnesses, events expressed by the verb of the proposition, are generated in their opposition to other Firstnesses (the relation of Secondnesses) from a tendency to action or general habit, Thirdness. Parallel to this, the article also shows the shift from the first formulation of the notion of abduction, which replaced the multiplicity of qualities with a comprehensive predicate that implied all of them to the discovery of the diagrammatic reasoning and Logic of Relatives, which confers greater importance to the category of Thirdness and transforms the abductive movement into a transductive one.
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Kanke, Tomohiro, and Junya Morooka. "In search of an alternative history of debate in early modern Japan." Journal of Argumentation in Context 1, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 168–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jaic.1.2.02kan.
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This paper offers an alternative historical account of debate in Japan during the Meiji, Taishō, and early Shōwa eras (1868-1936). Most previous studies on the modern history of debate in Japan have focused on Yukichi Fukuzawa (the alleged founding father of Western debate) or political advocacy by voluntary associations in the Freedom and People’s Rights Movement (1874-1890). Contrary to the prevailing view that debate had largely dissipated by 1890 due to the government’s strict regulations and crackdowns, this paper demonstrates that debate continued to be an important activity of youth clubs across the nation. Emerging around the late 1880s, those youth clubs regularly held intra-group debates on various topics in order to advance knowledge in academic and practical matters. This paper concludes by suggesting that far from suppressing debates altogether, political authorities tolerated, and even promoted, certain forms of debate which they deemed fit for producing active yet subservient citizens.
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Petersen, Ronald H., and L. Vogelenzang. "Peck, C. H., Annual Reports of the State Botanist 1868-1912, Vol. 2, 1878-1890." Mycologia 78, no. 6 (November 1986): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3807448.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "1868-1890"
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Sekimori, Gaynor Meredith. "Haguro Shugendō and the separation of Buddha and Kami worship (shinbutsu bunri), 1868-1890." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251731.
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Bedeau, Camille. "Historiographie ecclésiastique au dix-neuvième siècle en Angleterre : Henry Hart Milman (1791-1868) et John Henry Newman (1801-1890)." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC038.
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Cette thèse s'interroge sur le traitement de l'histoire sainte et de l'histoire ecclésiastique dans l'oeuvre de Henry Hart Milman, l'historien controversé de l'Histoire des Juifs publiée en 1829, et de John Henry Newman, théologien et historien dont l'Essai sur le Développement de la Doctrine chrétienne (1845) devait donner une fondation intellectuelle à sa conversion au catholicisme. La première partie est consacrée à l'affrontement entre les partisans de la méthode historico-critique de lecture des Ecritures pratiquée en Allemagne et qui commence d'être débattue en Angleterre, et les défenseurs d'une vision traditionnelle de l'inspiration excluant toute erreur scientifique ou historique dans la Bible. Ni Milman ni Newman ne défendent la notion d'inspiration verbale, ils émettent cependant des critiques à l'encontre de l'école allemande (qui n'est elle-même évidemment pas homogène). La deuxième partie permet d'explorer plus avant les positions respectives de Milman et de Newman, qui se recensent l'un l'autre : Newman critique l'Histoire du christianisme (1840) de Milman, et Milman l'Essai sur le Développement. Enfin, la troisième partie révèle Milman comme un précurseur de l'anglicanisme libéral tel qu'il est proposé par les essayistes (Essays and Reviews, 1860) tandis que Newman s'associe aux catholiques libéraux du Rambler à la veille du concile Vatican I. Les deux questions (qu'est-ce que l'Eglise ? qu'est-ce que le contenu de la foi chrétienne ?) qui sont largement débattues au cours du dix-neuvième siècle sont pour nos auteurs appelées à être résolues dans l'étude de l'histoireThis dissertation is about the writing of Church history in the works of H. H. Milman, the controverted historian of The History of the Jews published in 1829 and of J. H. Newman, the theologian and historian whose Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (1845) was intended to give an intellectual foundation to his conversion to Roman Catholicism. The first part deals with the conflict between the promoters of the historical-critical method of Scripture interpretation which was part of contemporary German theology, and the advocates of a traditional understanding of inspiration who saw Scripture as necessarily void of historical or scientific mistake. Neither Milman nor Newman supported verbal inspiration, but they were critical of the German school (which was not homogeneous itself). The second part throws light on the differences of appreciation between Milman and Newman as to what a Church history should be. This is made particularly clear in the reviews that they wrote on each other's work : Newman reviewed The History of Christianity [1840] and Milman the Essay on the Development already mentioned. The third part shows that Milman was a forerunner of the liberal Anglicanism that was characteristic of the essayists of the collection Essays and Reviews (1860), while Newman associated with the liberal Catholics of the Rambler on the eve of the first Vatican Council. Two questions were largely debated during the 19th century, especially in the aftermath of the E & R crisis : what are the boundaries of the Christian Church ? ; what are the contents of the Christian faith ? Both questions could be solved, so Milman and Newman thought, by an appeal to history
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Khou, Carrie [Verfasser], and Ulfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Reichardt. "Trajectories of Change : Modernity - the Woman Question - New Woman Fiction, Progressive America (1890-1920) and Meiji Japan (1868-1912) [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Carrie Khou. Betreuer: Ulfried Reichardt." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078852316/34.
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Rouchon, Jean-Francois. "Les mélodies de Charles Bordes (1883-1909) : Histoire et analyse." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES017.
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Disciple de César Franck, Charles Bordes a tracé son parcours de musicien en marge du Conservatoire et des institutions officielles. De son intégration à la « bande à Franck » jusqu’à la fondation des Chanteurs de Saint-Gervais et de la Schola cantorum, il a tissé un vaste réseau relationnel formé de compositeurs, d’interprètes, d’écrivains et de mélomanes, qui l’ont, par la suite, décrit comme un fervent artisan du renouveau musical français. Cette image a, en contrepartie, partiellement occulté l’œuvre de compositeur de Bordes. Ses mélodies présentent pourtant un remarquable intérêt. L’histoire de leur publication permet de mettre en évidence la complexité des relations avec le monde de l’édition à la fin du XIXe siècle et la nature du travail de révision posthume effectué par son ami Pierre de Bréville. L’analyse du corpus témoigne de l’originalité de la production, aussi bien sur le plan des choix littéraires – Bordes fut l’un des pionniers de la mise en musique des poèmes de Paul Verlaine et de Francis Jammes – que d’une écriture musicale inspirée et aux frontières de l’académisme sur le plan harmonique. Auteur de plus de trente-cinq mélodies avec piano, Bordes s’essaya également à la composition de mélodies orchestrées ou « symphoniques », comme nombre de ses contemporains au tournant du siècleStudent of César Franck, Charles Bordes established himself as a musician outside the Conservatoire and the official institutions. From his integration with the “bande à Franck” to the founding of the Chanteurs de Saint-Gervais and the Schola cantorum, he formed a vast network of relationships among composers, interpreters, writers and music lovers, who would later describe him as a fervent architect of the French musical revival. This image overshadowed his contributions as a composer; his mélodies, however, still stimulate a remarkable interest. An examination of the history of their publication reveals the complexity of relationships within the musical publishing world at the end of the nineteenth-century and the nature of the posthumous reviewing work executed by his friend Pierre de Bréville. The analysis of the corpus shows the originality of the production, either about its literary aspects – Bordes was among the first artists to set the poetry of Paul Verlaine and Francis Jammes to music – or about his inspired musical language at the boundaries of academia from an harmonic point of view. Author of more than thirty-five songs for voice and piano, Bordes also tried his hand at the composition of orchestrated or “symphonic” songs like many of his contemporaries at the end of the century
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Gil, Farré Núria. "El taller de vitralls modernista Rigalt, Granell & Cia. (1890-1931)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134966.
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La tesi doctoral que aquí presentem té com a base de la investigació l’associació empresarial entre el vitraller Antoni Rigalt i Blanch i l’arquitecte Jeroni F. Granell i Manresa. La recerca té dos objectius principal, Per una bada en aquest estudi es vol donar a conèixer el treball de l’empresa de vitralls artístics Rigalt, Granell & Cia. mitjançant l’anàlisi de l’evolució de l’empresa des de diferents vessants: a través de l’estudi de les seves obres que ens donaran constància dels diversos períodes artístics pels quals hi passen, dels diferents tipus d’obra, i de les qualitats del treball. A més, s’ha aprofundit en el coneixement sobre els diferents integrants de la societat i la seva relació amb diversos artistes i arquitectes contemporanis amb qui hi col•laboren i saber quina va ser la seva veritable rellevància dins de la recuperació de l’art del vitrall i del moviment modernista.
El segon objectiu d’aquest treball ha estat portar a terme el recull de les obres d’aquesta empresa, tant de les conservades com de les desaparegudes, de les que pot restar algun tipus de documentació que corrobori que han estat obra d’aquesta empresa.
El marc temporal de la investigació se centra cronològicament entre la creació del taller, el 1890, fins a la mort d’un dels seus principals socis Jeroni F. Granell i Manresa, l’any 1931. L’arxiu principal i base d’aquest treball, encara que ens ha arribat dispers i fragmentat és l’arxiu documental conservat per la família Granell i que actualment es troba al DHUBdoc, Centre de Documentació del Disseny Hub Barcelona.
La tesis s’ha estructurat en cinc apartats diferenciats, el primer titulat vitralls i vitrallers, el segon tècniques i materials, el tercer el taller Rigalt. i quart i últim la producció artística, així com una catalogació final de les obres documentades.
Aquest és un taller que consolida la recuperació de l’art del vitrall de finals de segle XIX, arribant a ser un dels màxims exponents dins del vitrall modernista.The PhD thesis "The workshop of modernist stained glass: Rigalt, Granell & Cia (1890- 1931)" is grounded on the investigation of the business association between Antoni Rigalt i Blanch, a stained glass artist, and Jeroni F. Granell i Manresa, an architect. This research has two main objectives. The first one is to increase awareness of the artistic stained glasses that were produced at the Rigalt, Granell & Cia workshop by analysing the evolution of that business in different ways: by studying their artistic creations to describe its artistic periods, the different types of works and the quality of its productions. Moreover, all manner of society members have been studied in depth, as well as their relation with various contemporary artists and architects in order to know the importance of this workshop in the re-emergence of the stained glass art and the modernist movement. The second objective of this research is to compile the pieces of work of this workshop, both those well conserved and those that have already disappeared but there are documents that confirm their origin. The time frame of this investigation goes from the opening of the workshop, in 1890, until the death of one of their main associates, Jeroni F. Granell I Manresa, in 1931. The basis of this study, even it was received dispersed and fragmented, was the documental file kept by the Granell family and nowadays can be found in the Centre of Design Documentation Hub Barcelona (DHUBdoc). This PhD has been structured in five different parts: stained glasses and stained glass artists, materials and techniques, the Rigalt workshop, artistic production and the compilation of the workshop’s documented productions. The Rigalt, Granell & Cia workshop was responsible for the stained glass art comeback at the end of the XIX century, and became one of the best representatives among the modernist stained glass movement.
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Ashby, Charlotte. "Words and deeds : national style versus modernity in Finnish architecture 1890-1916 : the writings and work of Vilho Penttilä and the architecture of financial institutions." Thesis, St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/318.
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Batista, Miguel. "Bildung and initiation : interpreting German and American narrative traditions." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14616.
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This thesis is divided into two main parts. The first, comprising the three initial chapters, looks, in chapter one, at the specifically German origins of the Bildungsroman, its distinctive features, and the difficulties surrounding its transplantation into the literary contexts of other countries. Particular attention is paid to the ethical dimension of the genre, i.e. to the relation between the individual self and the exterior world, and how it affects individual formation. The focus then shifts to American literature, and the term 'narrative of initiation' is recommended as a credible alternative to 'Bildungsroman'. Allowing for similarities between them, it is none the less strongly suggested that the Bildungsroman of German origin and the American narrative of initiation should be seen as being intrinsically different, principally because of the different cultural backgrounds that shaped them. Several features of the theme of initiation are postulated as decisive factors in the discrepancies between the initiatory narrative and the Bildungsroman. Analysis of six texts - three of each literary tradition - follows, to provide support for the theoretical discussion of the terms introduced in chapter one. Three Bildungsromane are considered in the second chapter, namely Goethe's Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, Stifter's Der Nachsommer and Keller's Der grune Heinrich, and three narratives of initiation in chapter three: Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Crane's The Red Badge of Courage and Anderson's Winesburg, Ohio. Their relevance to the tradition of German and American fiction as a whole and as precursors of Mann's Der Zauberberg and Hemingway's The Nick Adams Stories is considered. A direct comparison between Mann's and Hemingway's texts constitutes the second part of this thesis, wholly contained in chapter four. In addition to a comprehensive critical reading of both narratives, the contemporaneity of Der Zauberberg and The Nick Adams Stories is taken into account, and consequently special consideration is given to the texts' close relation with the cultural and historical realities of the early twentieth century, particularly the impact of the First World War. With the assistance of Jung's theories, an increased awareness of death and of the dark side of the psyche - though dealt with differently in both texts - is put forward as a significant factor in the deviation of Der Zauberberg and The Nick Adams Stories from the traditions of the Bildungsroman and of the narrative of initiation. This departure leads to a re-appraisal of the relation between the protagonists and their society, and to a new ethical attitude that presupposes different, more modem conceptions of what Bildung and initiation represent in the context of the early twentieth century. How and why they changed and if they survived as literary notions are questions this thesis attempts to answer.
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Ladmiral, Guillaume. "L’empire des expédients : achat de voix, répression des fraudes électorales et système politique dans le Japon d’avant-guerre (1890-1937)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0005.
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La thèse consiste en un réexamen des traits saillants des systèmes politique et partisan du Japon d’avant-guerre (1890-1937). L’analyse de données quantitatives et qualitatives sur l’achat de voix et les pratiques d’ingérence des gouvernements dans le déroulement des campagnes électorales démontre que la première pratique était massive et généralisée et les secondes systématiques. L’achat de voix massif et généralisé et les pratiques d’ingérence étaient liés par une relation de complémentarité fonctionnelle, l’ingérence consistant le plus communément en la répression partiale des fraudes électorales. Le système partisan s’ordonnait autour de ce binôme d’expédients. Les acteurs collectifs de ce système furent des spécimens du type « parti-cartel, stratarchique, clientélistes et attrape-tout », des partis qui n’activaient pas de clivage sociologique ou idéologique. Le binôme d’expédients structurants eut de nombreuses conséquences systémiques et constitua la plus puissante des modalités de la politisation des rapports sociaux. En conclusion, les résultats de l’examen de la pratique de l’achat de voix dans le Japon d’avant-guerre sont confrontés à ceux que proposent des études de cette pratique en d’autres sociétés, les États-Unis d’Amérique et le Royaume-Uni au XIXe siècle ou, au XXe siècle, des pays d’Amérique Latine et TaiwanThis thesis is a reappraisal of salient features of the political and party systems in prewar Japan (1890-1937). Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data on vote buying and governmental interference in electoral campaigns demonstrate that the first practice was massive and generalized; and that the second was systematic. These two practices were tied by a functional relationship since the most common form of governmental interference consisted in a partisan bias in the repression of electoral frauds. The core of electoral politics was a functional set of expedients. The collective actors of this system are characterized as specimens of the “cartel party stratarchic, clientelistic, catch-all” type, many political parties that did not activate any sociological or ideological cleavage. The two electoral expedients bore many systemic consequences and were the most powerful ways of the politicization of social relationships in this society. The concluding chapter is a comparative examination of the characteristics and properties of vote buying in prewar Japan to those of the same practice in other societies, the 19th century United States of America and Britain, or 20th century Latin America and Taiwan
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Proulx, Geneviève-Anaïs. "Représenter la féminité : l'oeuvre de Georges de Feure entre 1890 et 1910." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4132/1/M12128.pdf.
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Entre 1890 et 1910 les œuvres de Georges de Feure (1868-1943) illustrent diverses représentations de la féminité. S'inscrivant tout d'abord au sein du symbolisme puis de l'Art nouveau, les œuvres créées par de Feure présentent des transformations dans le traitement du motif féminin. Participant au mouvement symboliste, Georges de Feure collabore avec le milieu artistique montmartrois et aborde les thèmes décadents du pessimisme schopenhauerien, de la supériorité de l'Idée sur la réalité et de la perversité féminine. Influencé par les poèmes de Charles Baudelaire, de Feure représente abondamment le thème de la Femme fatale et ses différentes déclinaisons iconographiques liées à la domination, la toxicité, la cruauté et le vice involontaire. Dans une deuxième partie de sa carrière, les œuvres de Georges de Feure adoptent l'esthétique Art nouveau et présentent plusieurs caractéristiques de modernité. La stylisation et le thème de l'industrialisation des arts décoratifs apparaissent comme nouveaux éléments des créations qu'il conçoit pour le Pavillon de l'Art Nouveau lors de l'Exposition universelle de Paris en 1900. Influencé par le japonisme, des caractéristiques d'élégance et d'indépendance sont désormais présentes dans ses œuvres mettant en scène le type féminin de la Femme à la mode. Le débat entourant la Femme nouvelle dans la fin-de-siècle eut des répercussions dans les affiches réalisées par de Feure. Les représentations de la Femme nouvelle apparaissent dans les affiches faisant la promotion de performances liées à la danse. Un changement de commanditaire modifie toutefois les représentations de la féminité dans les affiches. Dans les affiches artistiques conçues pour les éditeurs et galeristes de l'avant-garde, les représentations de la féminité introduisent graduellement des caractéristiques de la Femme à la mode, ce qui participe à la création d'un nouveau type féminin que nous avons baptisé Femme hybride. Rapidement la Femme à la mode l'emporte complètement sur la Femme nouvelle dans les affiches conçues par de Feure après 1900 et c'est finalement à partir de ce moment que l'œuvre affichiste et l'œuvre peint de l'artiste se rejoignent.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Georges de Feure, fin-de-siècle, Femme fatale, Femme à la mode, Femme nouvelle.
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Rogers, Joshua. "Enchanted Texts: Japanese Literature Between Religion and Science, 1890-1950." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jarv-wk23.
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This dissertation explores how emerging understandings of science and religion impacted the formation of the modern field of literature in Japan. I argue that many modern Japanese writers “enchanted” literature, giving it a metaphysical value that they thought might stand firm in the face of modernity’s “disenchantment of the world,” to use the famous phrase of Max Weber. To do so, writers leveraged new anti-materialistic, pantheistic, and mystical ontologies that emerged around the globe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in philosophy, theology, and new fields of knowledge like religious studies. These worldviews were appealing alternatives to “religion,” which many Japanese intellectuals understood mainly as orthodox forms of Christianity and Buddhism, and which had been widely rejected by the early twentieth century under the influence of new scientific and historical hermeneutics. At the same time though, influential voices in the emerging critical discourse of Japanese literature were skeptical of purely materialistic accounts of reality and especially of art, turning instead to new notions of the spirit, the ideal, and the transcendental. I argue that the foundations of literary value and of the social position of the author in modern Japan are rooted in these new ideas about what might be experienced and represented outside the bounds of both scientific materialism and traditional religious dogma.
The texts I examine consist of literary and aesthetic treatises, debates on philosophical and theological issues, and biographical and fictional works, all of which were pivotal to the theorization of Japanese literature and the artist, ranging from early efforts in the 1890s and extending through the tumultuous first half of the 20th century. The first chapter of my dissertation explores how canonical writers like Kitamura Tōkoku (1868–1894), Mori Ōgai (1862–1922), and Natsume Sōseki (1867–1916) wove emerging theories of religion and reality into their view of the capacity of poetry and fiction in the 1890s and 1900s. I show how their idea of the genius, or, drawing from Thomas Carlyle, of the “hero,” ascribed to the modern author the same capacity to perceive beyond the five senses as that identified in the prophets of the world religions. This understanding was based on a shared premise that religious texts were products not of divine revelation, but of a universal, non-empirical type of experience of the “inner heart,” the “ideal,” or the “World-soul,” defined as the essence of the world’s religions yet untethered to any one religious faith and fully accessible to the modern genius.
The second chapter argues that similar ideas penetrated notions of the modern novel and the author through the early 1910s. A new generation of young writers who launched their careers after Japan’s victory in the Russo-Japanese War, including Yanagi Muneyoshi (1889–1961) and Mushanokōji Saneatsu (1885–1976), imagined Japanese artists as equal members of a global community of artists by identifying universal truths and beauty as the object of all art, religion, and science. In justifying the universal nature of art, writers argued that figures from Tolstoy to Rodin, and from Jesus to the Buddha, were all engaged in the same creative process. I show that these views provided a basis for Japanese authors to claim equality with their Western counterparts, just as it allowed prominent Japanese feminist Hiratsuka Raichō (1886–1971) to claim equality with male writers, since both nationality and gender were seen as unrelated to one’s ability to experience and represent the non-material aspects of reality.
Similar views of art were employed to imagine the sociopolitical role of the writer within Japan. The third chapter begins with analysis of two leftist intellectuals, Kōtoku Shūsui (1871–1911) and Ōsugi Sakae (1885–1923), who were both eventually killed for their political activity. Both argued that myths, defined by them as both as religious texts and the great works of modern artists, could lead to individual enlightenment, bringing moral clarity for Kōtoku and a new means of experiencing reality for Ōsugi, thus creating the type of subject that could spark political change. Aristocrats Yanagi and Mushanokōji were unsympathetic with the left, but I argue that these two writers similarly attempted to repurpose religious texts to affect social change. By following in the footsteps of the mystics and prophets of the past, while also never directly addressing the existence of the supernatural, they believed that they could create change while also avoiding the pitfalls of religion. I argue that each of these writers drew from religious traditions in their definition of the author’s continuing social and political legitimacy in the midst of the rapid expansion of both leftist movements and of Japanese imperial power in the 1910s and ‘20s.
In the fourth chapter, I argue that across his career, writer Akutagawa Ryūnosuke (1892–1927) balanced a critique of traditional religion with an interest in non-religious forms of spiritual experience. Akutagawa cast the Christian Church as a colonial organization concerned with accumulating power, yet at the same time drew on the transnational discourse connecting the supernatural to both psychological disorder and to the colonial idea of “primitivity” in order to create ambiguous portrayals of inexplicable experiences and phenomena. Akutagawa also identifies the possibility for “poetic” literature to open the door to a type of extraordinary experience described almost exclusively in religious language, which I argue also influenced his own experiments with aphoristic writing. This chapter provides a new understanding of this canonical author’s views of religious experience and of literature, while also positioning his work as one part of a discursive current with deep roots in modern Japan and across the globe.
In the epilogue, I consider the afterlife of these currents in the 1930s, ‘40s, and ‘50s. I first discuss how the metaphysical and aesthetic positions analyzed in previous chapters laid the groundwork for some authors to shift toward support for the Japanese state’s embrace of authoritarianism and colonialism. However, even if the emphasis on intuitive knowledge and the deeds of heroic individuals within these forms of knowledge led some towards right-wing politics, the fictional and critical texts of Ishikawa Jun (1899–1987) written in this period provide an excellent example of an alternative path. In Ishikawa’s work, traditional Buddhism and Christianity are objects of incessant yearning, representing an absolute moral and conceptual authority that no longer exists in the grimy wartime and postwar reality. But I argue that parallel to his critique of absolutism, Ishikawa’s characters continue to yearn for something more, and Ishikawa himself identifies a potential for salvation within literature. Ishikawa’s work shows that the idea of an enchanted potentiality within writing continued to undergird literary discourse in Japan even in the face of the massive sociopolitical upheaval of WWII.
Books on the topic "1868-1890"
1
Eleições e caciquismo no Portugal oitocentista (1868-1890). Lisboa: DIFEL, 1991.
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Lomosits, Helga. Lakol Wokiksuye: Zur Geschichte der Plains von Little Bighorn bis Wounded Knee, 1868-1890. Wien: Jugend und Volk, 1990.
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Lemos, Jerônimo de. D. Pedro Maria de Lacerda: Último bispo do Rio de Janeiro no império (1868-1890). Rio de Janeiro: Edições "Lumen Christi", 1987.
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Mutert, Susanne. Die bayerischen Gewerkschaften im 19. Jahrhundert: Von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des Sozialistengesetzes (1868/69-1890). Essen: Klartext, 1997.
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Schweizer, Frank. Ästhetische Wirkungen in Adalbert Stifters Studien: Die Bedeutung des Begehrens und der Aneignung im Rahmen von Adalbert Stifters ästhetischem Verfahren (unter Abgrenzung zu Gottfried Keller). Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2001.
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McDonald, Robert H. property for Iris G. Lovato To: Kimberly Danniell Lovato/Risse Wills and deeds of Hall County, Georgia, Court of Ordinary: Will book A, 1837-1867 & 1868-1890, will book A-1, 1890-1907. Fernandina Beach, FL: Wolfe Pub., 2000.
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Nature, science, realism: A re-examination of programmatic realism and the works of Adalbert Stifter and Gottfried Keller. New York: P. Lang, 1995.
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Kazuko, Smith, ed. Makiko's diary: A merchant wife in 1910 Kyoto. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1995.
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Slate, Nico. The prism of race: W.E.B. Du Bois, Langston Hughes, Paul Robeson, and the colored world of Cedric Dover. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
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Crafting the quantum: Arnold Sommerfeld and the practice of theory, 1890-1926. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "1868-1890"
1
Vogel, Ezra F. "Nation-Building in Modern East Asia: Early Meiji (1868-1890) and Mao's China (1949-1971)." In Japan: A Comparative View, edited by Albert M. Craig, 130–54. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400867929-005.
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Sims, Richard. "The Constitutional Experiment and the Beginning of Compromise Politics, 1890–1905." In Japanese Political History since the Meiji Renovation 1868–2000, 69–92. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-63240-4_3.
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"The Domestic Imperatives of Monetary Reform, 1868–1890." In Investing Japan, 5–27. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781684175451_003.
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"Rapid Population Growth in Sicily, 1868 to 1890." In Festival of the Poor, 66–88. University of Arizona Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2vt025w.8.
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Pugh, Brian. "The Origin and Evolution of Mississippi’s Budget Process and Control over It." In Chaos and Compromise, 3–16. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496830197.003.0001.
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This chapter discusses Mississippi’s historic budget process and constitutional power structure. It discusses the powers given to the separate branches of government by Mississippi’s four constitutions (1817, 1832, 1868, and 1890). It shows how Mississippi’s current 1890 Constitution provided more legislative budget authority rather than executive budget authority. Chapter one shows how executive authority was weakened even more when the Budget Commission was replaced by the legislatively dominated commission of Budget and Accounting.
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Carpinato, Caterina. "Lingua e letteratura (neo)greca a Ca’ Foscari: 1868-2018." In Le lingue occidentali nei 150 anni di storia di Ca’ Foscari. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-262-8/004.
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The essay aims to outline the history of the teaching of Modern Greek at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice: it started with its foundation in 1868, with Costantino Triantafillis, and was interrupted for more than a century from 1890. This paper also deals with the history of the discipline from 1868 until today, with an eye on the connection with the political and cultural life of the country and on the relationship with other disciplines (such as Ancient Greek language and literature and Byzantine civilization). After an interval of a century classes of Modern Greek started up again at Ca’ Foscari in 1994-95 thanks to the teaching of Lucia Marcheselli Loukas. Since 1998 the teaching has been revived with a tenured professor and, in the last twenty years, it has trained graduate students and young scholars who today play a cultural and linguistic role of mediation between Italy and Greece.
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"The Circulation of Energy: Thermodynamics, National Culture and Social Progress in Spain, 1868–1890." In Popularizing Science and Technology in the European Periphery, 1800–2000, 135–54. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315601472-12.
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Lamberti, Marjorie. "Confessional Particularism in Prussian Society and the Making of the School Law." In State, Society, and the Elementary School in Imperial Germany. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195056112.003.0010.
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More than half a century passed before the promise of a school law contained in the Prussian constitution of 1850 was fulfilled. The dissatisfaction of the Catholic bishops with Adalbert von Ladenberg’s draft of a school law in 1850 and the unhappy fate of Heinrich von Mühler’s school bills of 1868 and 1869 revealed the deep division of opinion within Prussian society on the school question and the conflicting interpretations that state officials, church leaders, and the liberal parties gave to those articles in the constitution that provided the fundamental principles for a school law. The experience of the Kulturkampf engendered in the Catholics an enduring distrust of the school administration, and in the following years a school law was always one of the prime concessions that the Center party sought as a quid pro quo for their support of government bills in the Reichstag. Catholic politicians looked to a school law to provide a secure foundation for a confessional public school system and solid protection for the rights of the church and confessional minorities in school districts. The possibilities of winning such a concession were enhanced after 1890 when the massive electoral vote of the Social Democrats increased the strategic value of the Center party’s seats in the Reichstag, which now held the balance between the Left and the Right. Assuming that this pivotal position gave the Center party more political power than it actually had, historians have generally seen the School Law of July 28, 1906 as a reactionary, Clerical measure, which was introduced by the government as a concession to the Center party and passed by a coalition of parties strongly motivated by antisocialism.1 An examination of the making of the school law from 1890 to 1906 produces a more detailed and complete picture of what happened and a more profound view of the society of imperial Germany. No progress was made in putting the school system on a modern legal foundation during the 1880s because of Bismarck’s political objections to the reform of school maintenance.
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"Work and welfare: 1868–1880s." In Children's Work and Welfare 1780–1890, 59–68. Cambridge University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511608032.004.
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Bell, Derrick. "Plessy’s Long Shadow." In Silent Covenants. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195172720.003.0005.
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The supreme court’s 1896 Decision in Plessy v. Ferguson served to bring the law into a dismal harmony with the nation’s view of race in life. The Court decided that segregation in public facilities through “separate but equal” accommodations for black citizens would satisfy the equal protection clause in the Fourteenth Amendment. The years since the sporadically enforced policies of Reconstruction ended in 1876 had been hard for those former slaves and their offspring whose slavery had legally ended with the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865. To ensure their rights to due process and the equal protection of the law, the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 provided that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States, . . . are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.” Despite legislation intended to provide enforcement of these rights, the laws were poorly enforced and most were subsequently declared unconstitutional. Corrupting law but relying on intimidation and violence, southern governments stripped blacks of political power. Given meaningful if unspoken assurances that the federal government would not protect black civil rights, conservative southerners regained power utilizing racial fear and hatred to break up competing populist groups of poor black and white farmers. In addition to the disenfranchisement of blacks, whites sought to secure their power through intensive anti-Negro propaganda campaigns championing white supremacy. Literary and scientific leaders published tracts and books intended to “prove” the inhumanity of the Negro. In this hostile climate, segregation laws that had made a brief appearance during Reconstruction were revived across the South, accompanied by waves of violence punctuated by an increase in lynchings and race riots. In an effort both to protest the indignity of segregation and challenge its validity, Homer Plessy, acting for a New Orleans civil rights group, attempted to ride in a railroad car reserved for whites. He was arrested and convicted of violating Louisiana’s 1890 segregation law. On appeal, the Supreme Court acknowledged that the Fourteenth Amendment required absolute equality of the two races before the law, adding: “but in the nature of things it could not have been intended to abolish distinctions based upon color, or to enforce social, as distinguished from political equality, or a commingling of the two races upon terms unsatisfactory to either.”