Relevant bibliographies by topics / 1861-1865 African American troops

Academic literature on the topic '1861-1865 African American troops'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "1861-1865 African American troops"

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Blackett, Richard, and Edwin S. Redkey. "A Grand Army of Black Men: Letters from African-American Soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865." Journal of American History 80, no. 4 (March 1994): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2080668.

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Mitchell, Reid, and Edwin S. Redkey. "A Grand Army of Black Men: Letters from African-American Soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865." African American Review 29, no. 3 (1995): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3042409.

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Fitzgerald, Michael W., and Edwin S. Redkey. "A Grand Army of Black Men: Letters from African-American Soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865." History Teacher 27, no. 2 (February 1994): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/494730.

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Latypova, Nataliya. "Discussion on the Causes of the American Civil War (1861–1865): Periodization of Historiography." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 2 (April 2022): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.2.1.

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Introduction. The Civil War in the United States (1861–1865) has been of considerable interest to historians, lawyers, economists, and political scientists for more than 150 years. The internal political struggle that broke out in the middle of the 19th century between the two regions of the young democratic state seems to be a valuable object of research. However, scientific approaches to the study of the causes of the “inevitable conflict”, their transformation and rebirth depending on the historical period and the political situation are of even greater interest. This article attempts to summarize the main trends in the historiography of the causes of the Civil War in the United States, mainly in foreign historiography. Methods of research and materials. The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific and private scientific methods. The historical-legal, comparative method, as well as sociological, concrete-historical and systemic methods are used. The theoretical basis of the study was the work of mainly foreign historians, lawyers, political scientists and state historians. Analysis. Without denying the centrality of slavery among the causes of the Civil War, researchers identify religious, economic, political and social factors as the key determinants of the separatist movement in the South. A special place in American studies is occupied by the consideration of the role of African Americans in inciting conflict, the personality factor of A. Lincoln, as well as the influence of the abolitionist movement and journalists on the growing confrontation between the North and the South. At the same time, all directions, one way or another, boil down to the fact that it was slavery that was the fundamental cause of the Civil War. The peculiarities of the formation of each of the scientific directions were determined by the socio-economic and political conditions that took place in a particular historical period. Results. The periodization of scientific approaches to the study of the causes of the Civil War in the United States in the historical and legal literature can be carried out by dividing the research into three main periods: the “confrontational” (second half of the 19th century); the “socio-economic” (beginning – middle of the 20th century); the “industrial” (middle of the 20th century – the beginning of the 21st century). In the period from the beginning of the 21st century to the present, there is an obvious consensus on the central role of slavery among the determinants of war, but approaches to this problem in recent years have been characterized by interdisciplinarity, complexity, taking into account completely different sides of the conflict. Each of these areas has contributed to the formation of a holistic view of the causes of the Civil War, allowing us to realize the complex, multifaceted nature of the causes of the conflict and to reject two-dimensional approaches to their understanding. Key words: American Civil War, causes of the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, slavery in the United States, the Missouri Compromise, abolitionists, history of the USA.
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Brickell Bellows, Amanda. "Selling Servitude, Captivating Consumers." Journal of Global Slavery 1, no. 1 (2016): 72–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00101005.

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After the abolition of Russian serfdom and American slavery in 1861 and 1865, respectively, businesses played an important role in molding popular attitudes about post-emancipation integration processes in Russia and the United States through visual representations of serfs, peasants, slaves, and freedpeople in advertisements. Both American and Russian companies developed parallel marketing strategies by constructing advertisements that depicted African Americans and peasants in positions of servitude, which appealed to consumers who were nostalgic for an idealized rural, pre-industrial and pre-emancipation era during an age of rapid industrialization, urbanization, and geographic expansion. But Russian and American companies also pursued divergent marketing tactics that beg further consideration. While US businesses predominantly disparaged African Americans in racialized caricatures, Russian businesses sometimes depicted peasants in positions of equality relative to other citizens. What accounts for this disparity? This article examines newspaper ads, posters, broadsides, and ephemera from collections at Russian and American archives, and argues that apart from perceived racial differences in the case of US ads, dissimilarities between Russian and American population compositions, urban migration patterns, and distinct notions of national identity also explain this important distinction.
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Hudson, Leonne M. "A Grand Army of Black Men: Letters from African-American Soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865 (review)." Civil War History 39, no. 4 (1993): 354–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.1993.0002.

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Hardeman, Martin J., and Edwin S. Redkey. "A Grand Army of Black Men: Letters from African-American Soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865. Cambridge Studies in American Literature and Culture." Journal of Southern History 60, no. 2 (May 1994): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210130.

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Albin, Maurice S. "In praise of anesthesia: Two case studies of pain and suffering during major surgical procedures with and without anesthesia in the United States Civil War-1861–65." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2013): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2013.07.028.

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AbstractBackgroundThe United States Civil War (1861–1865) pitted the more populous industrialized North (Union) against the mainly agricultural slaveholding South (Confederacy). This conflict cost an enormous number of lives, with recent estimates mentioning a total mortality greater than 700,000 combatants [1]. Although sulfuric ether (ETH) and chloroform (CHL) were available since Morton’s use of the former in 1846 and the employment of the latter in 1847, and even though inhalational agents were used in Crimean war (1853–1856) and the Mexican-American War (1846–1848), the United States Civil War gave military surgeons on both sides the opportunity to experience the use of these two agents because of the large number of casualties.MethodsResearch of historic archives illustrates the dramatic control of surgical pain made possible with introduction of two general anesthetic and analgesic drugs in 1846 and 1847.ResultsAn appreciation of the importance of anesthesia during surgical procedures can be noted in the poignant and at times hair raising cases of two left arm amputations carried out under appalling circumstances during the United States Civil War. In the first-case the amputation was delayed for nearly five days after the wounding of Private Winchell who served in an elite sharpshooter brigade and was captured by the Confederate Army during battle. The amputation was performed without anesthesia and the voice of the Private himself narrates his dreadful experience. The postoperative course was incredible as he received no analgesia and survived a delirious comatose state lying on the ground in the intense summer heat.Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson was a famous ascetic Confederate General who helped defeat the Union forces at the Battle of Chancellorsville on May 2, 1863. In the ensuing near-darkness, Jackson was fired upon by his own friendly troops where he suffered multiple gunshot wounds on his right hand as well as a ball in the upper humerus of the left arm similar to that of Private Winchell. Transported to a field hospital about thirty miles away, the evacuation was carried out under artillery fire and the General dropped from the stretcher at least twice before arriving at the field hospital. There, a team of surgeons operated on “Stonewall”, using open drop chloroform, the surgery taking 50 min, anesthesia times of one hour with General Jackson awake and speaking with clarity shortly after the termination of the anesthesia. A brief explanation of the use of anesthetics in the military environment during the Crimean, Mexican American and the United States Civil War is also presented.Conclusion and implicationsTwo case stories illustrate the profound improvement in surgical pain made possible with ether and chloroform only 160 years ago. Surgeons and patients nowadays have no ideas what these most important improvements in modern medicine means, unless “reliving” the true hell of pain surgery was before ether and chloroform.
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Santos Gontijo, Michelle, and Thomas LaBorie Burns. "Collective Memory and Cultural Trauma in Female-Authored African American Life Narratives." Literatura e Autoritarismo, no. 23 (May 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1679849x42516.

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Este estudo examina a relação entre memória coletiva e escravidão como um trauma cultural em textos autobiográficos afro-americanos de autoria feminina no início do desenvolvimento dessa tradição na literatura afro-americana. O corpus literário enfoca, respectivamente, a narrativa de Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861), e o livro de memórias da Guerra Civil de Susie King Taylor, Reminiscences of My Life in Camp with the 33d United States Colored Troops Late 1st S. C. (1902). Ambos textos trazem memórias subterrâneas (POLLAK, 1989) de mulheres afro-americanas do período antebellum e do período da Guerra Civil Americana que desafiam as memórias nacionais e a história americana.
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"A grand army of Black men: letters from African-American soldiers in the Union Army, 1861-1865." Choice Reviews Online 30, no. 08 (April 1, 1993): 30–4612. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.30-4612.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1861-1865 African American troops"

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Ferguson, Benny Pryor. "The Bands of the Confederacy: An Examination of the Musical and Military Contributions of the Bands and Musicians of the Confederate States of America." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798486/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the bands of the armies of the Confederate States of America. This study features appendices of libraries and archives collections visited in ten states and Washington D.C., and covers all known Confederate bands. Some scholars have erroneously concluded that this indicated a lack of available primary source materials that few Confederate bands served the duration of the war. The study features appendices of libraries and archives collections visited in ten states and Washington, D.C., and covers all known Confederate bands. There were approximately 155 bands and 2,400 bandsmen in the service of the Confederate armies. Forty bands surrendered at Appomattox and many others not listed on final muster rolls were found to have served through the war. While most Confederate musicians and bandsmen were white, many black musicians were regularly enlisted soldiers who provided the same services. A chapter is devoted to the contributions of black Confederate musicians.
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Forstchen, William R. "The 28th United States Colored Troops Indiana's African-Americans go to war, 1863-1865 /." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39758013.html.

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Books on the topic "1861-1865 African American troops"

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Cornish, Dudley Taylor. The sable arm: Black troops in the Union Army, 1861-1865. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1987.

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Cornish, Dudley Taylor. The sable arm: Black troops in the Union Army, 1861-1865. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1987.

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The sable arm: Negro troops in the Union Army, 1861-1865. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1987.

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United States Colored troops, 1863-1867. Gettysburg, Pa: Thomas Publications, 1990.

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Black troops, white commanders, and freedmen during the Civil War. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1992.

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1949-, Smith John David, ed. Black soldiers in blue: African American troops in the Civil War era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

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Callum, Agnes Kane. Colored volunteers of Maryland, Civil War, 7th Regiment, United States Colored Troops, 1863-1866. [Baltimore, Md: Mullac Publishers, 1990.

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Illinois freedom fighters: A Civil War saga of the 29th Infantry, United States Colored Troops. Needham Heights, MA: Simon & Schuster Custom Pub., 1998.

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Like men of war: Black troops in the Civil War, 1862-1865. Boston: Little, Brown, 1998.

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German-speaking officers in the United States colored troops, 1863-1867. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "1861-1865 African American troops"

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Mendez, James G. "After the War." In A Great Sacrifice, 135–55. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823282500.003.0010.

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Even with victory in hand, northern black troops and their families had to wait longer for them to return home. While most white regiments were disbanded and their members mustered out, African-American regiments remained intact because their members had not completed their three years of service. The Union’s plan was for black troops to play a major role in the Union’s reconstruction of the South. Thus, black families would have to carry on long after the war had ended. Black troops worked to keep the peace in the defeated, resentful, and hostile South. In addition, black troops helped to facilitate the transition from slavery to freedom for the freedmen. The continued use of black regiments in the Union army forced their families to have to continue writing letters. What was different after April 1865 was that the goal of a Union victory no longer made sacrifices bearable for Union families.
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Levy, Daniel S. "Ending the Deadly Embrace." In Manhattan Phoenix, 351–61. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382372.003.0024.

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This chapter describes how, as the American Civil War dragged on, the death toll rose, and the cost of basic necessities increased. Then, in July of 1863, arrived the National Enrollment Act. This military conscription law made all men aged 20 to 45 eligible for the draft if they were physically and mentally healthy, and were not the child of infirm parents, the only son of a widow, or a widower with dependent children. The act angered many whites who resented being forced to fight a war to free African Americans. A mass of people poured out onto the streets to protest the draft. The Metropolitan Police could not control what became known as the Draft Riot. As citizens rampaged, many focused their wrath on African Americans. While some New Yorkers committed murder, many others abhorred what had happened and some tried to stop it. And as a sign of their changed stance toward African Americans, many New Yorkers following the riot favored the idea of arming Black troops fighting for the Union. The chapter then looks at the Confederates’ attempts to torch New York City. The war finally ended on April 9, 1865, when Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Virginia's Appomattox Court House.
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Mendez, James G. "The Conclusion of the War." In A Great Sacrifice, 130–34. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823282500.003.0009.

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As 1865 began, the Union saw victory in sight. Major Union victories in the later months of 1864 led to the sense of optimism in the North. Union armies on all fronts throughout the South continued to put pressure on the Confederates. Still, the Confederates were not willing to end the war just yet. They scrambled to keep their morale up and their armies together and supplied with men and resources. And even with victory in site, African Americans continued to volunteer to join the Union army in 1865. In spite of the hardships black troops and their families experienced in 1863 and 1864 and would endure in 1865, Northern blacks continued to support the Union war effort. And similar to their white counterparts, the more battles they participated in, the more committed black troops became to finish the job and to ensure their fallen comrades had not died in vain.
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Noyalas, Jonathan A. "“This Causes Great Excitement”." In Slavery and Freedom in the Shenandoah Valley during the Civil War Era, 114–38. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066868.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the experiences of African Americans in the Shenandoah Valley from the beginning of 1864 through the Civil War’s end in the spring of 1865. In addition to utilizing a recruiting mission of the 19th United States Colored Troops (USCTs) in early April 1864 to discuss the challenges USCTs confronted, including the decision to enlist and the contributions they made to the Union war effort, this chapter also highlights the continued contributions of the Valley’s African Americans to the Union war effort via non-combatant roles, especially espionage. Of particular note are the efforts of Thomas Laws, an enslaved man from Clarke County, Virginia, who played a significant role in intelligence gathering for Union general Philip Sheridan during the 1864 Shenandoah Campaign. Finally, this chapter concludes with an examination of the simultaneous joy and uncertainty which gripped African Americans when they learned of Union victory in the spring of 1865. Although Union military success meant slavery’s annihilation, this chapter illustrates that African Americans realized they would confront an entirely new set of challenges in the postwar period.
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Mendez, James G. "A Grand Opportunity." In A Great Sacrifice, 19–27. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823282500.003.0003.

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The Civil War began on April 12, 1861, and provided a long awaited opportunity for northern African Americans to prove their loyalty and their worthiness for full citizenship. And for all African Americans, this was a chance to end slavery and the mark of inferiority it branded on the black race. However, the initial euphoria of these African Americans quickly evaporated when they were told this was not a war in which blacks were welcomed to participate. Their help was not requested and was outright rejected. Northern blacks (men and women) looked for and found other ways to contribute to the Union war effort. With the Emancipation Proclamation, Abraham Lincoln had decided to free all the slaves in rebel territory. The Union army now also became an army of liberation. The potential for Union forces to obtain desperately needed manpower, black troops, was another important factor for the decision.
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Anderson, Christian K. "The South Carolina Military Academy During The Civil War." In Persistence through Peril, 23–47. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496835031.003.0002.

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The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina (founded 1842), was modeled on West Point and created to form citizen-soldiers prepared to serve South Carolina. Citadel cadets were involved in various aspects of the Civil War. Cadets fired shots on the Star of the West, an American steamer headed to Fort Sumter, on January 9, 1861, preventing it from resupplying Union troops. Though the Citadel never closed during the war, many cadets enlisted in the war effort. While the war raged, Citadel cadet duties included providing basic training to conscripted soldiers and recruits (cadets were not exempt from conscription themselves), not just in Charleston but in the field as well; guarding and transferring prisoners; and other duties. While classes continued, the war effort took precedence over academics. In February 1865, Union troops occupied Charleston and were garrisoned in The Citadel until 1879.
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Bellows, Amanda Brickell. "Introduction." In American Slavery and Russian Serfdom in the Post-Emancipation Imagination, 1–13. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469655543.003.0001.

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The introduction provides an overview of the abolition of Russian serfdom in 1861 and American slavery in 1865. It explores how Americans and Russians of diverse backgrounds responded to emancipation through cultural production. They created textual and visual representations of African Americans and Russian peasants in fiction, poetry, illustrated periodicals, oil paintings, and advertisements. A comparison of these depictions reveals striking similarities and differences that show how people remembered or sought to portray serfdom, slavery, and the post-emancipation era.
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"Martin Robison Delany." In Writing Appalachia, edited by Katherine Ledford and Theresa Lloyd, 51–57. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813178790.003.0009.

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Martin Delany emerged as a dynamic public speaker and advocate for the African American community during the turbulent years of the Fugitive Slave Act (1850), the Civil War (1861–1865), and Reconstruction (1863–1877). Born free in Charles Town, (West) Virginia, to a free mother and an enslaved father, Delany learned to read and write from his mother. He settled in Pittsburgh as a young man, pursuing a variety of careers before founding ...
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Davidson, Christina C. "“What Hinders?”." In Reconstruction and Empire, 54–78. Fordham University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823298648.003.0003.

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This chapter explores the expansionist goals and actions of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, the first independent black Protestant denomination in the United States, after the American Civil War (1861–1865). Aiming to convert newly freed slaves, AME leaders sent missionaries to the U.S. South, which enabled the denomination to grow throughout the late 1860s and 1870s. This expansion turned leaders’ attention toward the foreign missionary field. While scholars have studied the AME Church’s missions in Africa, this chapter analyzes the impetuses and development of the denomination’s missions on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. AME expansionist discourse during Reconstruction aligned with U.S. imperialist action in the Caribbean, including the Dominican Republic, and obfuscated other impetuses for AME missionary work on Hispaniola, namely earlier nineteenth-century Afro-diasporic connections forged through emigration and cooperation between African Americans and Haitians.
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