Journal articles on the topic '1846-1926'

The genus Sinetectula gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate Triton egregius Reeve, 1844, Buccinum cinis Reeve, 1846, Buccinum nigricostatum Reeve, 1846, Buccinum (Pollia) farinosum Gould, 1850, Pisania naevosa Martens, 1880, Pollia shepstonensis Tomlin, 1926 and one still undescribed species. These species are discussed and compared, and remarks on their biogeography are provided. The occasional appearance of a labral denticle is recorded and the morphological variability of the group is discussed. The radula of S. egregius gen. et comb. nov. is described.

De 1638 à 1648, tout a opposé les deux médecins parisiens Théophraste Renaudot (1586-1653) et Guy Patin (1601-1672) : empirisme contre dogmatisme, paracelsisme contre galénisme, arrivisme politique contre mépris de la cour royale, Université de Montpellier contre Faculté de médecine de Paris… Sans doute attisé par leur ancienne camaraderie, leur duel a produit un foisonnement de libelles, auxquels s’ajoutèrent procès et pieds de nez dans un déchaînement réciproque de haine et de dédain. En 1643, après la mort de Richelieu et de Louis XIII, Patin pouvait impunément injurier son ennemi désarmé ; en disgrâce à la cour, Renaudot dut s’avouer vaincu. À la fin du XIXe siècle s’engagea une joute posthume entre les deux ennemis : Patin pour ses Lettres caustiques (rééditées en 1846) et Renaudot pour son invention du journalisme en France (La Gazette créée en 1631). L’opinion plaça le journaliste sur un piédestal et le fit jouir d’une immense célébrité en attachant son nom à celui d’un prix littéraire (1926).

American carcinologist Sidney Irving Smith (1843–1926) established names of one family, seven genera and 50 species ofbrachyuran crustaceans in 11 publications between 1869 and 1885. The precise dates of these publications as determined fromvarious sources are given, with particular emphasis on the relative precedence of four that appeared in 1869. A complete list ofthe brachyuran names proposed by Smith, and their current identities, is also given. Xantho stimpsonii Smith, 1869, a previ-ously overlooked replacement name for Xantho denticulatus Stimpson, 1860 (non White, 1848), is an objective synonym ofWilliamstimpsonia stimpsoni (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), and the precedence of the two names is reversed to maintain prevail-ing usage of the latter. The same action is also taken for Xantho multidentatus Lockington, 1877, a subjective synonym of Wil-liamstimpsonia stimpsoni (A. Milne-Edwards, 1879). The authorship of the following names previously attributed to attributedto Smith in a publication by Verrill (1869) should be attributed only to the latter author: Hepatella amica (Aethridae), Hypocon-cha panamensis (Dromiidae) and Pinnotheres margarita (Pinnotheridae). Authorship of the name Cardiosoma, an unjustifiedemendation of Cardisoma (Gecarcinidae), is conventionally attributed to Smith (1869) but it was actually first used by Agassiz (1846). Cardisoma is attributed to Latreille, in Latreille, Le Peletier, Serville & Guérin, 1828.

New replacement names and synonymies are proposed for Neotropical Tachinidae, mainly from Brazil. The following 13 new replacement names are proposed for junior secondary homonyms: Jurinella neobesa, new name for Jurinella obesa (Townsend, 1928) (preocc. Wiedemann, 1830); Archytas wulpianus, new name for Archytas nigrocalyptratus (Wulp, 1888) (preocc. Macquart, 1846); Calodexia neofumosa, new name for Calodexia fumosa (Townsend, 1917) (preocc. Townsend, 1912); Calodexia bigoti, new name for Calodexia flavipes (Bigot, 1889) (preocc. Schiner, 1868); Eucelatoria paracarinata, new name for Eucelatoria carinata (Townsend, 1927) (preocc. Townsend, 1919); Eucelatoria currani, new name for Eucelatoria carinata (Curran, 1926) (preocc. Townsend, 1919); Lixophaga opsiangusta, new name for Lixophaga angusta (Townsend, 1927:294) (preocc. Townsend, 1927:284); Lixophaga thompsoniana, new name for Lixophaga fumipennis (Thompson, 1968) (preocc. Townsend, 1927); Lixophaga townsendiana, new name for Lixophaga fumipennis (Townsend, 1928) (preocc. Townsend, 1927); Myiopharus argentata, new name for Myiopharus argentescens (Townsend, 1935) (preocc. Townsend, 1927); Phyllophilopsis disgracilis, new name for Phyllophilopsis gracilis (Townsend, 1927) (preocc. Townsend, 1919); Phasia townsendiana, new name for Phasia brasiliana (Townsend, 1937) (preocc. Townsend, 1929); and Phasia aurodysderci, new name for Phasia dysderci (Townsend, 1940) (preocc. Townsend, 1938). And the two following synonymies are proposed (reinstated): Jurinella ambigua (Macquart, 1851) = Jurinella obesa (Wiedemann, 1830); and Archytas analis (Macquart, 1843) = Archytas analis (Fabricius, 1905).

The Institute of the Consolata for Foreign Missions was founded in Turin, Italy in 1901 by the General Superior, Giuseppe Allamano (1851-1926). The primary purpose of the mission is to evangelize and educate non-Christian peoples. Allamano believed in the benefit of religion and education when he stated that the people “will love religion because of the promise of a better life after death, but education will make them happy because it will provide a better life while on earth.” The Consolata distinguishes itself for stressing the moral and secular education and its enthusiasm for missionary work. To encourage young people to become missionaries, Allamano convinced Pius X to institute a world-wide mission day in 1912. Allamano's original plan was for his mission to work among the “Galla” (Oromo) people of Ethiopia and continue the mission which Cardinal Massaia had begun in 1846 in southwestern Ethiopia. While waiting for the right moment, the Consolata missionaries ministered among the Kikuyu people of Kenya. In 1913 the Propaganda Fides authorized the Consolata Mission to begin work in Kaffa, Ethiopia. In 1919 it entered Tanzania and, accepting a government invitation in 1924, the Consolata installed itself in Italian Somalia and in 1925 in the Portuguese colony of Mozambique. Before the World War I the mission also expanded in Brazil, in 1937, and after 1937 its missionaries went to Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela, Canada, the United States, Zaire, Uganda, South Africa, and South Korea.

There are two theories about the lyricist of A framed picture written on the south and north sides of Independence Gate. It was written by Lee Wan-yong(1858-1926), who was patriotic but degenerated into a traitor, and by Dongnong Kim Ga-jin(1846-1922), who devoted himself to modernization of Joseon and campaigned for independence until he turned his back on the world. Independence Gate is a national monument modeled after the Arc de Triomphe in Paris in the form of a 14.2m high and 11.48m wide stone gate that greeted the envoys of Cheong since the Independence Association advocated the construction of Independence Gate in 1896. The south side of Independence Gate is engraved in Korean, and The north side is engraved with three letters of Independence Gate in Chinese characters. As both Lee Wan-yong and Kim Ga-jin were known as the best handwritings of the time, it is highly likely that they wrote the compilation of the Independence Gate. In addition, Lee Wan-yong was the chairman of the Independent Association and the foreign minister of the Joseon government at the time of the establishment of the Independent Gate, and Kim Ga-jin was also a member of the Independent Association and a high-ranking official of Joseon. Therefore, it is considered reasonable to interpret the answer to who wrote the compilation of the independent text in a calligraphy manner through the genuine enemies left by Lee Wan-yong and Kim Ga-jin. Therefore, this paper analyzes the calligraphy context of Lee Wan-yong and Kim Ga-jin and the font characteristics of similar handwriting left by them based on two different theories about independent writers.

The 34 species of Australian Psilota are revised, with 26 new species described (Psilota aislinnae Young sp. nov., Psilota alexanderi Young sp. nov., Psilota apiformis Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota auripila Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota azurea Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota bicolor Young and Ferguson sp. nov., Psilota brunnipennis Young sp. nov., Psilota calva Young sp. nov., Psilota darwini Young sp. nov., Psilota flavoorta Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota fuscifrons Young sp. nov., Psilota livida Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota longipila Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota mcqueeni Young sp. nov., Psilota metallica Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota nigripila Young sp. nov., Psilota occidua Young sp. nov., Psilota pollinosa Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota purpurea Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota smaragdina Young sp. nov., Psilota solata Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota spathistyla Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota spinifemur Young sp. nov., Psilota viridescens Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota xanthostoma Young sp. nov., Psilota zophos Young sp. nov.) and one new record for Australia (Psilota basalis Walker, 1858). Previously described Australian species are redescribed, with the males of Psilota auricauda Curran, 1925 and P. basalis (Walker, 1858) described for the first time. Six previously described species (Psilota erythrogaster Curran, 1926, Psilota hirta Klocker, 1924, Psilota queenslandica Klocker, 1924, Psilota rubra Klocker, 1924, Psilota rubriventris Bigot, 1885, and Psilota shannoni Goot, 1964) are morphologically indistinguishable from related species. P. erythrogaster, P. rubra, and P. rubriventris are therefore treated under the Psilota cuprea (Macquart, 1850) species complex while P. hirta, P. queenslandica, and P. shannoni treated under the Psilota tristis Klocker, 1924 species complex. Lectotypes for the following species are designated: Coiloprosopa nitida Macquart, 1850, Merodon muscaeformis Walker, 1852, Orthonevra basalis Walker, 1858, Psilota coerulea Macquart, 1846, and Psilota viridis Macquart, 1847.

Changes to the treatment of Coleoptera family-group names published by Bouchard et al. (2011) are given. These include necessary additions and corrections based on much-appreciated suggestions from our colleagues, as well as our own research. Our ultimate goal is to assemble a complete list of available Coleoptera family-group names published up to the end of 2010 (including information about their spelling, author, year of publication, and type genus). The following 59 available Coleoptera family-group names are based on type genera not included in Bouchard et al. (2011): Prothydrinae Guignot, 1954, Aulonogyrini Ochs, 1953 (Gyrinidae); Pogonostomini Mandl 1954, Merismoderini Wasmann, 1929, †Escheriidae Kolbe, 1880 (Carabidae); Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko & Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Stictocraniini Jakobson, 1914 (Staphylinidae); Cylindrocaulini Zang, 1905, Kaupiolinae Zang, 1905 (Passalidae); Phaeochroinae Kolbe, 1912 (Hybosoridae); Anthypnidae Chalande, 1884 (Glaphyridae); Comophorini Britton, 1957, Comophini Britton, 1978, Chasmidae Streubel, 1846, Mimelidae Theobald, 1882, Rhepsimidae Streubel, 1846, Ometidae Streubel, 1846, Jumnidae Burmeister, 1842, Evambateidae Gistel, 1856 (Scarabaeidae); Protelmidae Jeannel, 1950 (Byrrhoidea); Pseudeucinetini Csiki, 1924 (Limnichidae); Xylotrogidae Schönfeldt, 1887 (Bostrichidae); †Mesernobiinae Engel, 2010, Fabrasiinae Lawrence & Reichardt, 1966 (Ptinidae); Arhinopini Kirejtshuk & Bouchard, 2018 (Nitidulidae); Hypodacninae Dajoz, 1976, Ceuthocera Mannerheim, 1852 (Cerylonidae); Symbiotinae Joy, 1932 (Endomychidae); Cheilomenini Schilder & Schilder, 1928, Veraniini Schilder & Schilder, 1928 (Coccinellidae); Ennearthroninae Chûjô, 1939 (Ciidae); Curtimordini Odnosum, 2010, Mordellochroini Odnosum, 2010 (Mordellidae); Chanopterinae Borchmann, 1915 (Promecheilidae); Heptaphyllini Prudhomme de Borre, 1886, Olocratarii Baudi di Selve, 1875, Opatrinaires Mulsant & Rey, 1853, Telacianae Poey, 1854, Ancylopominae Pascoe, 1871 (Tenebrionidae); Oxycopiini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Eutrypteidae Gistel, 1856 (Mycteridae); Pogonocerinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1985 (Pyrochroidae); Amblyderini Desbrochers des Loges, 1899 (Anthicidae); Trotommideini Pic, 1903 (Scraptiidae); Acmaeopsini Della Beffa, 1915, Trigonarthrini Villiers, 1984, Eunidiini Téocchi, Sudre & Jiroux, 2010 (Cerambycidae); Macropleini Lopatin, 1977, Stenopodiides Horn, 1883, Microrhopalides Horn, 1883, Colaphidae Siegel, 1866, Lexiphanini Wilcox, 1954 (Chrysomelidae); †Medmetrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010, †Megametrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010 (Nemonychidae); Myrmecinae Tanner, 1966, Tapinotinae Joy, 1932, Acallinae Joy, 1932, Cycloderini Hoffmann, 1950, Sthereini Hatch, 1971 (Curculionidae). The following 21 family-group names, listed as unavailable in Bouchard et al. (2011), are determined to be available: Eohomopterinae Wasmann, 1929 (Carabidae); Prosopocoilini Benesh, 1960, Pseudodorcini Benesh, 1960, Rhyssonotini Benesh, 1960 (Lucanidae); Galbini Beaulieu, 1919 (Eucnemidae); Troglopates Mulsant & Rey, 1867 (Melyridae); Hippodamiini Weise, 1885 (Coccinellidae); Micrositates Mulsant & Rey, 1854, Héliopathaires Mulsant & Rey, 1854 (Tenebrionidae); Hypasclerini Arnett, 1984; Oxaciini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Stilpnonotinae Borchmann, 1936 (Mycteridae); Trogocryptinae Lawrence, 1991 (Salpingidae); Grammopterini Della Beffa, 1915, Aedilinae Perrier, 1893, Anaesthetinae Perrier, 1893 (Cerambycidae); Physonotitae Spaeth, 1942, Octotomides Horn, 1883 (Chrysomelidae); Sympiezopinorum Faust, 1886, Sueinae Murayama, 1959, Eccoptopterini Kalshoven, 1959 (Curculionidae). The following names were proposed as new without reference to family-group names based on the same type genus which had been made available at an earlier date: Dineutini Ochs, 1926 (Gyrinidae); Odonteini Shokhin, 2007 (Geotrupidae); Fornaxini Cobos, 1965 (Eucnemidae); Auletobiina Legalov, 2001 (Attelabidae). The priority of several family-group names, listed as valid in Bouchard et al. (2011), is affected by recent bibliographic discoveries or new nomenclatural interpretations. †Necronectinae Ponomarenko, 1977 is treated as permanently invalid and replaced with †Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko & Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Agathidiini Westwood, 1838 is replaced by the older name Anisotomini Horaninow, 1834 (Staphylinidae); Cyrtoscydmini Schaufuss, 1889 is replaced by the older name Stenichnini Fauvel, 1885 (Staphylinidae); Eremazinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1977 is treated as unavailable and replaced with Eremazinae Stebnicka, 1977 (Scarabaeidae); Coryphocerina Burmeister, 1842 is replaced by the older name Rhomborhinina Westwood, 1842 (Scarabaeidae); Eudysantina Bouchard, Lawrence, Davies & Newton, 2005 is replaced by the older name Dysantina Gebien, 1922 which is not permanently invalid (Tenebrionidae). The names Macraulacinae/-ini Fleutiaux, 1923 (Eucnemidae), Anamorphinae Strohecker, 1953 (Endomychidae), Pachycnemina Laporte, 1840 (Scarabaeidae), Thaumastodinae Champion, 1924 (Limnichidae), Eudicronychinae Girard, 1971 (Elateridae), Trogoxylini Lesne, 1921 (Bostrichidae), Laemophloeidae Ganglbauer, 1899 (Laemophloeidae); Ancitini Aurivillius, 1917 (Cerambycidae) and Tropiphorini Marseul, 1863 (Curculionidae) are threatened by the discovery of older names; Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) or an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature will be necessary to retain usage of the younger synonyms. Reversal of Precedence is used herein to qualify the following family-group names as nomina protecta: Murmidiinae Jacquelin du Val, 1858 (Cerylonidae) and Chalepini Weise, 1910 (Chrysomelidae). The following 17 Coleoptera family-group names (some of which are used as valid) are homonyms of other family-group names in zoology, these cases must be referred to the Commission for a ruling to remove the homonymy: Catiniidae Ponomarenko, 1968 (Catiniidae); Homopterinae Wasmann, 1920, Glyptini Horn, 1881 (Carabidae); Tychini Raffray, 1904, Ocypodina Hatch, 1957 (Staphylinidae); Gonatinae Kuwert, 1891 (Passalidae); Aplonychidae Burmeister, 1855 (Scarabaeidae); Microchaetini Paulus, 1973 (Byrrhidae); Epiphanini Muona, 1993 (Eucnemidae); Limoniina Jakobson, 1913 (Elateridae); Ichthyurini Champion, 1915 (Cantharidae); Decamerinae Crowson, 1964 (Trogossitidae); Trichodidae Streubel, 1839 (Cleridae); Monocorynini Miyatake, 1988 (Coccinellidae); Gastrophysina Kippenberg, 2010, Chorinini Weise, 1923 (Chrysomelidae); Meconemini Pierce, 1930 (Anthribidae). The following new substitute names are proposed: Phoroschizus (to replace Schizophorus Ponomarenko, 1968) and Phoroschizidae (to replace Schizophoridae Ponomarenko, 1968); Mesostyloides (to replace Mesostylus Faust, 1894) and Mesostyloidini (to replace Mesostylini Reitter, 1913). The following new genus-group name synonyms are proposed [valid names in square brackets]: Plocastes Gistel, 1856 [Aesalus Fabricius, 1801] (Lucanidae); Evambates Gistel, 1856 [Trichius Fabricius, 1775] (Scarabaeidae); Homoeoplastus Gistel, 1856 [Byturus Latreille, 1797] (Byturidae). Two type genera previously treated as preoccupied and invalid, Heteroscelis Latreille, 1828 and Dysantes Pascoe, 1869 (Tenebrionidae), are determined to be senior homonyms based on bibliographical research. While Dysantes is treated as valid here, Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) is used to conserve usage of Anomalipus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 over Heteroscelis.

Petar Konjovic (Curug, May 5, 1883 - Belgrade, October 1, 1970) stands out among Serbian composers as an author of instrumental and vocal compositions. Studies at the Prague Conservatory (1904-1906) acquainted Konjovic with Czech music, Wagner's opus, and the Russian national-romantic school, which contributed to the evolution of his talent for both music and stage, enabling him to express his ideas more explicitly in operatic works. It was in the Prague that the second opera - Prince of Zeta - was conceived, with new musical vividness and dramatic appeal (first version composed 1906-1926, the second and final 1929-1939), followed by Kostana (1928), Peasants (1951) and Fatherland (1960). Konjovic's mature operas are characterized by his masterful handling of form, both in close-ups and in detail, as well as his deeply individual assimilation of musical folklore into his work. The Prince of Zeta is not to be understood as a folk opera, but some main themes are directly derived from folk music, precisely from the Montenegrin folk songs quoted in the Mokranjac's Ninth Garland and treated in Konjovic's post-romantic, almost expressionistic way, interwoven with some Italianate leitmotifs, so as to present the opera's two worlds, Montenegrin and Venetian. In the process of forming Konjovic's operatic style, with vocal parts based mainly on the principle of declamation, the opera Prince of Zeta (first performed in Belgrade, 1929, conducted by Lovro von Matacic) proved to be a work of great impact. Hardly anyone grasped then the wide sweep of inspiration which allowed the composer to set and to solve several important problems connected with music drama, essential also in his subsequent stage works. First of all, Konjovic had to handle in his own way the verbal drama the prototype of his opera, Maxim Crnojevic by the Serbian poet Laza Kostic (1841-1910). Permission came from the playwright in the first decade of the 1900, Prince of Zeta being partly set musically, but from then on with new interventions in the poet's text. Being a highly skilled writer, poet musicologist and essayist (he wrote four books and a great number of articles on music and the theatre, and translated opera librettos of Wagner and Moussorgsky), Konjovic felt free to introduce some daring alterations to the literary works he used for his music dramas. So it was with the play Maxim Crnojevic, premiered in Novi Sad in 1870 (printed in the same place in 1846 and 1866). On the other hand, the young poet Kostic (he was in his early twenties when he wrote Maxim Crnojevic) had the prototype for his play in the folkpoem The Marriage of Maxim Crnojevic, turning a naturalistic folk-story into a Hellenic-Shakespearian drama of friendship and love, full of chivalrous deeds and emotions. The once handsome Maxim, his face ruined by heavy disease, can no longer make his marriage with the doge's daughter Angelica (with whom he was already acquainted). The nobles of Montenegro particularly Ivo Crnojevic, who in the meanwhile, proud of his son, boasted in Venice, conspire a doublecrossing plot (with another man, Milos resembling Maxim as bridegroom) which works in the folk-poem, in some ways in drama, but not in the opera, with the story changed by Konjovic. The difference between drama and folk poetry is essential: in Montenegro Maxim murders Milos for the doge's daughter's dowry, on their way back. In the play, too, the tragic event takes place in Montenegro: on the way home Maxim kills Milos, thinking Milos is going to keep the beautiful Angelica for himself (the agreement was that he will hand over the bride to Maxim immediately after the wedding in Venice), then commits suicide realizing his fatal mistake. The girl, deeply disappointed leaves Montenegro. In the opera Maxim reveals the truth to Angelica in Venice, before she is to be wedded with Milos, and stabs himself. She chooses death also, drinking poison - a dramatically and musically very capturing finale in the style of Romeo and Juliet! In some recently performed versions of the opera (1989) the director (Dejan Miladinovic) and conductor (Oskar Danon) returned to the playwright's original denouement, avoiding the Shakespearian end of Konjovic (although in the spirit of Kostic who was also appreciated as a skillful translator of Shakespeare into Serbian language). In the opera Prince of Zeta Konjovic focuses on Ivo Crnojevic, making his role dominant to that of Maxim. The unhappy father, the tragic Hellenic figure, is with his son Maxim the main historical personality in both opera and drama. Zeta forms part of present-day Montenegro but was independent for a short period, then came under Byzantium, and eventually Rashka-Serbia. After the fall of last remnants of the Serbian vassal state in 1439, Zeta was partly independent protected by Venetians under the ruler Ivo Crnojevic, before the Turks grasped Montenegro. Serbian drama, which is usually trochaic, took an iambic course in Kostic's play. The composer preserved the poet's iambs, following the musically accented flexions of spoken language, which remains the main feature of his style. The impressive vocal parts, especially those of Ivo Crnojevic, starting from the Prologue and the first act, are supported by the dynamic and highly symphonized orchestra. For effective choral music the monks' ensemble in the second act (in the final version) and the dramatic Venetian carnival scene with the stylized Montenegrin folk-dances should be noted in both versions. With Prince of Zeta the author definitely made a distinguished name as a composer in Serbian culture, with a strong influence on younger generations of Serbian musicians.

Based on my revision of the types of Nearctic aleocharine staphylinids numerous nomenclatural and taxonomic changes are proposed. The following taxa are transferred: Acrimea acerba Casey, 1911a to Tinotus Sharp, 1883; Moluciba grandipennis Casey, 1911a to Oxypoda Mannerheim, 1830; Paradilacra Bernhauer, 1909 to subtribe Tachyusina Thomson, 1859 of tribe Oxypodini Thomson, 1859; Atheta angusticornis Bernhauer, 1907 to Boreophilia Benick, 1973; At. coriaria (Kraatz, 1856) (originally described in Homalota Mannerheim, 1830) to Dalotia Casey, 1910a; Homalota ambigua Erichson, 1839 to Strigota Casey, 1910a; Pseudousipalia microptera Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 to Emmelostiba Pace, 1982; and Sableta brittoni Casey, 1911a to Thamiaraea Thomson, 1858. The following new synonymies are established: Acrimea Casey, 1911a with Tinotus Sharp 1883; Acri. fimbriata Casey, 1911a with Ti. trisectus Casey, 1906; Acri. resecta Casey, 1911a with Ti. acerbus (Casey, 1911a); Ancillota Casey, 1910a and Moluciba Casey, 1911a with Oxypoda Mannerheim, 1830; Anc. sollemnis Casey, 1910a, O. vetula Casey, 1911a, O. neptis Casey, 1911a and O. schaefferi Notman, 1920 with O. amica Casey, 1906; Atheta lanei Casey, 1910a and At. nomadica Casey, 1910a with At. graminicola (Gravenhorst, 1806); Homalota polita Melsheimer, 1844, At. disjuncta Casey, 1910a, At. replicans Casey, 1910a, At. spadix Casey, 1910a and At. bucolica Casey, 1910a with At. aemula (Erichson, 1839); At. innocens Casey, 1910a, At. achromata Casey, 1911a and At. profecta Casey, 1911a with At. keeni Casey, 1910a; Dimetrota dempsterensis Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with At. prudhoensis (Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990); At. aperta Casey, 1910a, At. wrangelica Casey, 1911a, At. morbosa Casey, 1911a, At. intacta Casey, 1911a and At. alaskana Casey, 1911a with At. picipennis (Mannerheim, 1843); At. leviceps Casey, 1910a, Dimetrota sectator Casey, 1910a, Dim. retrusa Casey, 1910a, Datomicra hebescens Casey, 1910a, Dat. insolida Casey, 1910a, Dat. pellax Casey, 1910a and Pseudota vana Casey, 1911a with At. hampshirensis Bernhauer, 1909; At. repexa Casey, 1911a with At. brumalis Casey, 1910a; At. querula Casey, 1910a, At. socors Casey, 1911a, Dimetrota resima Casey, 1910a, Dim. vigilans Casey, 1910a, Dim. immerita Casey, 1911a, Dim. incredula Casey, 1911a, Dim. opinata Casey, 1911a and Dim. cerebrosa Casey, 1911a with Atheta fenyesi Bernhauer, 1907; At. crassicornis virginica Bernhauer, 1907, At. rhodeana Casey, 1910a, At. capella Casey, 1910a, At. ducens Casey, 1910a, At. temperans Casey, 1910a, At. logica Casey, 1910a, At. tradita Casey, 1911a, At. fenisex Casey, 1911a, At. vierecki Casey, 1911a, At. auguralis Casey, 1911a and At. bifaria Casey, 1911a with At. modesta (Melsheimer, 1844); At. comitata Casey, 1910a, At. gnoma Casey, 1910a, At. elota Casey, 1910a, At. insidiosa Casey, 1910a, Pseudota puricula Casey, 1911a, At. candidula Casey, 1911a, At. diffisa Casey, 1911a, At. nata Casey, 1911a, At. modiella Casey, 1911a and At. vacillans Casey, 1911a with At. frosti Bernhauer, 1909; At. mollicula Casey, 1910a, Sableta phrenetica Casey, 1910a, At. callens Casey, 1911a, At. franklini Casey, 1911a and At. postulans Casey, 1911a with At. ventricosa Bernhauer, 1907; At. cephalina Casey, 1910a, At. nympha Casey, 1910a, At. discreta Casey, 1910a: 42 (nec Casey, 1893, nec Casey, 1910a: 79), Pseudota dissensa Casey, 1910a, At. villica Casey, 1911a and At. disca Moore & Legner, 1975 with At. klagesi Bernhauer,1909; At. citata Casey, 1910a, At. evecta Casey, 1910a, At. propitia Casey, 1911a, At. palpator Casey, 1911a, At. burra Casey, 1911a and At. nacta Casey, 1911a with At. annexa Casey, 1910a; At. sumpta Casey, 1911a with At. concessa Casey, 1911a; At. punctata Blatchley, 1910, Synaptina merica Casey, 1910a and Sy. consonens Casey, 1910a with At. festinans (Erichson, 1839); Boreostiba hudsonica Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with At. parvipennis Bernhauer, 1907; Boreophilia chillcotti Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with At. blatchleyi Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926; Datomicra decolorata Casey, 1910a, Dat. inopia Casey, 1910a, Dat. schematica Casey, 1910a and Dat. stilla Casey, 1910a with At. dadopora Thomson, 1867; Boreophilia caseyiana Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with Boreophilia nomensis (Casey, 1910a); Metaxya plutonica Casey, 1910a with Boreophilia angusticornis (Bernhauer, 1907); Boreostiba lamellifera Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with Boreostiba frigida (J. Sahlberg, 1880); At. laurentiana Blatchley, 1910 with Aloconota sulcifrons (Stephens, 1832); At. immigrans Easton, 1971 with Adota maritima (Mannerheim, 1843); Pseudota miscella Casey, 1910a, Dimetrota pectorina Casey, 1910a and Dim. crucialis Casey, 1910a with Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz, 1856); Dimetrota revoluta Casey, 1910a and Datomicra vaciva Casey, 1910a with Dochmonota rudiventris (Eppelsheim, 1886); At. insolens Casey, 1910a, Dimetrota resplendens Casey, 1910a and At. apposita Casey, 1911a with Liogluta nitens (Mäklin in Mannerheim, 1852); Achromata Casey, 1893 with Mocyta Mulsant & Rey, 1874a; Achromata fusiformis Casey, 1893, Dimetrota nuptalis Casey, 1910a, Acrotona lividula Casey, 1910a and Acro. adjuvans Casey, 1910a with Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst, 1806); Acrotona digesta Casey, 1910a, Acro. severa Casey, 1910a, Acro. shastanica Casey, 1910a, Acro. prudens Casey, 1910a, Acro. ardelio Casey, 1910a, Acro. renoica Casey, 1910a and Acro. malaca Casey, 1910a with Mocyta breviuscula (Mäklin in Mannerheim, 1852); Eustrigota Casey, 1911a with Acrotona Thomson, 1859; Colpodota inceptor Casey, 1910a, C. abdicans Casey, 1910a, C. repentina Casey, 1910a, C. laxella Casey, 1910a, C. pupilla Casey, 1910a and Strigota seclusa Casey, 1911a with Acrotona sonomana (Casey, 1910a); Anaduosternum Notman, 1922 with Strigota Casey, 1910a; Strigota oppidana Casey, 1910a, St. gnava Casey, 1910a, St. verecunda Casey, 1910a, St. assueta Casey, 1910a, St. mediocris Casey, 1910a, St. vapida Casey, 1910a, St. inculta Casey, 1910a, St. placata Casey, 1910a, St. recta Casey, 1911a, Anaduosternum brevipennis Notman, 1922 and Atheta notmani Moore & Legner, 1975 with St. ambigua (Erichson, 1839); Pseudousipalia Lohse in Lohse et al., 1990 with Emmelostiba Pace, 1982; Fusalia Casey, 1911a with Thamiaraea Thomson, 1858; Th. lira Hoebeke, 1988 and Th. paralira Hoebeke, 1994 with Th. brittoni (Casey, 1911a); Drusilla cavicollis Casey, 1906 with Dr. canaliculata (Fabricius, 1787); Leptusa laticollis Notman, 1921 with Le. brevicollis Casey, 1893; Sipalia fontana Casey, 1911a and Pasilia virginica Casey, 1911a with Leptusa elegans Blatchley, 1910; and Pseudota cornicula Casey, 1911a with Placusa vaga Casey, 1911a. Tinotus pallidus Casey, 1911a is removed from synonymy with Ti. caviceps Casey, 1893 and is placed in synonymy with Ti. trisectus Casey, 1906. Atheta granulata (Mannerheim, 1846) (originally described in Homalota) is considered to be a synonym of At. graminicola (Gravenhorst, 1806), which has Holarctic (circumboreal) distribution. Atheta keeni Casey, 1910a is the valid name for At. vasta sensu Klimaszewski & Winchester, 2002. Boreostiba frigida (J. Sahlberg, 1880) is removed from synonymy with Boreostiba sibirica (Mäklin, 1880) and is considered to be a valid species. Leptusa obscura Blatchley, 1910 is removed from synonymy with Le. canonica Casey, 1906 and is considered to be a valid species. The following synonymies are confirmed: Devia congruens (Casey, 1893) with De. prospera (Erichson, 1839); Paradilacra persola Casey, 1910a, Pa. willametta Casey, 1910a, Pa. uintana Casey, 1910a, Pa. glenorica Casey, 1910a, Pa. symbolica Casey, 1911a, Pa. erebea Casey, 1911a, Pa. subaequa Casey, 1911a, Pa. sinistra Casey, 1911a, Pa. memnonia Casey, 1911a, Pa. vulgatulaCasey, 1911a and Pa. deserticola Casey, 1911a with Pa. densissima (Bernhauer, 1909); Atheta carlottae Casey, 1910a with At. picipennis (Mannerheim, 1843); At. maeklini Fenyes, 1820 (replacement name for Homalota moesta Mäklin in Mannerheim, 1852) with At. hampshirensis Bernhauer, 1909; At. fontis Casey, 1911a with At. pennsylvanica Bernhauer, 1907, Leptusa tricolor Casey, 1906, Le. nebulosa Casey, 1911a and Le. iowensis Casey, 1911a with Le. canonica Casey, 1906; Le. seminitens Casey, 1893 with Le. opaca Casey, 1893. Atheta picipennis (Mannerheim, 1843) (ex Homalota) is a nomen protectum and At. picipennis (Stephens, 1832) (ex Aleochara; a junior synonym of At. amicula (Stephens, 1832)) is a nomen oblitum. Lectotypes are designated for Acrimea fimbriata Casey, 1911a, Acri. acerba Casey, 1911a, Acri. resecta Casey, 1911a, Ancillota sollemnis Casey, 1910a, Oxypoda amica Casey, 1906, O. vetula Casey, 1911a, O. neptis Casey, 1911a, O. schaefferi Notman, 1920, O. prospera Erichson, 1839, O. congruens Casey, 1893, Atheta densissima Bernhauer, 1909, At. lanei Casey, 1910a, At. nomadica Casey, 1910a, At. disjuncta Casey, 1910a, At. replicans Casey, 1910a, At. spadix Casey, 1910a, At. keeni Casey, 1910a, At. innocens Casey, 1910a, At. achromata Casey, 1911a, At. profecta Casey, 1911a, At. carlottae Casey, 1910a, At. aperta Casey, 1910a, At. morbosa Casey, 1911a, At. alaskana Casey, 1911a, At. altaica Bernhauer, 1901, At. leviceps Casey, 1910a, At. hampshirensis Bernhauer, 1909, At. brumalis Casey, 1910a, At. repexa Casey, 1911a, At. fenyesi Bernhauer, 1907, At. querula Casey, 1910a, At. socors Casey, 1911a, At. crassicornis var. virginica Bernhauer, 1907, At. rhodeana Casey, 1910a, At. capella Casey, 1910a, At. ducens Casey, 1910a, At. temperans Casey, 1910a, At. logica Casey, 1911a, At. tradita Casey, 1911a, At. fenisex Casey, 1911a, At. vierecki Casey, 1911a, At. auguralis Casey, 1911a, At. bifaria Casey, 1911a, At. frosti Bernhauer, 1907, At. comitata Casey, 1910a, At. gnoma Casey, 1910a, At. elota Casey, 1910a, At. insidiosa Casey, 1910a, At. candidula Casey, 1911a, At. diffisa Casey, 1911a, At. nata Casey, 1911a, At. modiella Casey, 1911a, At. vacillans Casey, 1911a, At. ventricosa Bernhauer, 1907, At. mollicula Casey, 1910a, At. callens Casey, 1911a, At. franklini Casey, 1911a, At. postulans Casey, 1911a, At. klagesi Bernhauer, 1909, Atheta cephalina Casey, 1910a, At. nympha Casey, 1910a, At. discreta Casey, 1910a: 42 (nec Casey, 1893, nec Casey, 1910a: 79), At. citata Casey, 1910a, At. evecta Casey, 1910a, At. propitia Casey, 1911a, At. palpator Casey, 1911a, At. burra Casey, 1911a, At. nacta Casey, 1911a, At. concessa Casey, 1911a, At. punctata Blatchley, 1910, At. parvipennis Bernhauer, 1907, At. caviceps Blatchley, 1910, At. pennsylvanica Bernhauer, 1907, At. angusticornis Bernhauer, 1907, Atheta laurentiana Blatchley, 1910, At. insolens Casey, 1910a, At. apposita Casey, 1911a, Paradilacra persola Casey, 1910a, Pa. willametta Casey, 1910a, Pa. uintana Casey, 1910a, Pa. glenorica Casey, 1910a, Pa. symbolica Casey, 1911a, Pa. erebea Casey, 1911a, Pa. subaequa Casey, 1911a, Pa. sinistra Casey, 1911a, Pa. memnonia Casey, 1911a, Pa. deserticola Casey, 1911a, Aleochara graminicola Gravenhorst, 1806, Ale. nigritula Gravenhorst, 1802, Homalota aemula Erichson, 1839, H. polita Melsheimer, 1844, H. modesta Melsheimer, 1844, H. sodalis Erichson, 1837, H. festinans Erichson, 1839, H. ambigua Erichson, 1839, Dimetrota sectator Casey, 1910a, Dim. retrusa Casey, 1910a, Dim. resima Casey, 1910a, Dim. vigilans Casey, 1910a, Dim. incredula Casey, 1911a, Dim. opinata Casey, 1911a, Dim. cerebrosa Casey, 1911a, Dim. pectorina Casey, 1910a, Dim. crucialis Casey, 1910a, Datomicra hebescens Casey, 1910a, Dat. insolida Casey, 1910a, Dat. decolorata Casey, 1910a, Dat. inopia Casey, 1910a, Dat. schematica Casey, 1910a, Dat. stilla Casey, 1910a, Dat. vaciva Casey, 1910a, Pseudota vana Casey, 1911a, Ps. puricula Casey, 1911a, Ps. dissensa Casey, 1910a, Ps. miscella Casey, 1910a, Sableta phrenetica Casey, 1910a, Sa. brittoni Casey, 1911a, Synaptina merica Casey, 1910a, Sy. consonens Casey, 1910a, Metaxya plutonica Casey, 1910a, Acrotona lividula Casey, 1910a, Acro. adjuvans Casey, 1910a, Acro. digesta Casey, 1910a, Acro. severa Casey, 1910a, Acro. shastanicaCasey, 1910a, Acro. prudens Casey, 1910a, Acro. ardelio Casey, 1910a, Acro. renoica Casey, 1910a, Acro. malaca Casey, 1910a, Colpodota sonomana Casey, 1910a, C. inceptor Casey, 1910a, C. abdicans Casey, 1910a, C. repentina Casey, 1910a, C. laxella Casey, 1910a, C. pupilla Casey, 1911a, Strigota seclusa Casey, 1911a, St. oppidana Casey, 1910a, St. gnava Casey, 1910a, St. verecunda Casey, 1910a, St. assueta Casey, 1910a, St. mediocris Casey, 1910a, St. vapida Casey, 1910a, St. inculta Casey, 1910a, St. placata Casey, 1910a, St. recta Casey, 1911a, Leptusa seminitens Casey, 1893, Le. tricolor Casey, 1906, Le. nebulosa Casey, 1911a, Le. obscura Blatchley, 1910, Le. elegans Blatchley, 1910, Ulitusa pusio Casey, 1906 and Sipalia fontana Casey, 1911a. Oxypoda acuminata (Stephens, 1832) and Atheta dadopora Thomson, 1867 are reported from North America for the first time. North American records of Atheta altaica Bernhauer, 1901 are confirmed.

“Sal” (yıl) ve “name” (yazılı şey, mektup) kelimelerinden oluşmuş eserlere “Salname” denilmiştir. “Nevsal” de denilen bu eserler resmî ve özel olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Resmî salnamelerden biri olan Devlet Salnameleri devlet teşkilatı içinde yer alan mülki, askerî ve idari bilgilerin yanı sıra içinde bahsi geçen vilayetler hakkında da o vilayetin siyasi yapısı, idari taksimatı, memur listeleri, ekonomik faaliyetleri, nüfusu, coğrafî, ziraî, ticarî, iktisadî ve eğitimi gibi önemli bilgileri vermektedir. 1846’dan 1918’e kadar 1918 dâhil olmak üzere 68 adet basılan Devlet Salnameleri sadece 1846-1912 yılları arasında düzenli olarak yayımlanabilmiş, 1912-1916 yılları arasında savaş nedeniyle yayımına ara verilmiştir. Savaştan sonra son olarak 1918 yılında yayımlanmıştır. Bir süre ara verilen bu salnamelere Cumhuriyet Döneminde devam edilmiştir. Bu dönemde 1925 yılından 1928 yılına kadar Osmanlı Türkçesi olarak yayınlanan salnameler, 1929 yılından sonra 1941’e kadar Latin harfleri ile yayınlanmaya devam etmiştir. Çalışma konusu olarak seçilen Balıkesir, 1925 yılından 1941 yılına kadar basılan Devlet Salnamelerinde yer alan Balıkesir, 1925-1927 yılları arasında salnamelerde Osmanlı Türkçesi olarak anlatılmıştır. Cumhuriyet’in ilk döneminde Balıkesir tarihine ışık tutan 1925-1926, 1926-1927 ve 1927-1928 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Salnameleri bu bakımdan önemlidir. Çalışmada amaç, bahsi geçen salnamelerden Cumhuriyet’in ilk dönemlerinde Balıkesir’in siyasi yapısı, idari taksimatı, memur listeleri, ekonomik faaliyetleri, nüfusu, coğrafî, ziraî, ticarî, iktisadî ve eğitim gibi birçok konuda ayrıntılı bilgiler verilerek bu alanda var olan bilgi eksikliğinin giderilmesidir.

Icelandic translation from the Italian description of the city of Akureyri at the end of the XIX century by an Italian woman, Maria Savi Lopez (Napoli, 1846 - 1940); a musician, writer, literary critic, teacher, translator of folk tales, she wrote also about pedagogy. Amongst her main works are: Leggende delle Alpi (Torino, Loescher 1889), Le donne italiane nel '300 (Firenze, Civelli, 1890), Fra le Ginestre (Napoli, Pierro, 1892), Leggende del mare (Torino, Loescher, 1894), Miti e leggende degli indigeni americani (Milano,1894), La dama bianca (Catania, Giannotta, 1899), Il poema di Gudrun (Roma, Unione Ed., 1913), S. Caterina da Siena (Milano, Alpes, 1924), Nei regni del sole. Antiche civiltà americane (Roma, Treves, 1926), Città morte - dal Messico all'Honduras (Firenze, Rinascimento del Libro, 1931).