Journal articles on the topic '184 s 177/.62'

Abstract There is a lack of reliable pediatric reference intervals for many clinical laboratory tests. In 2002, the Children’s Health Improvement through Laboratory Diagnostics (CHILDx) organization initiated a project to collect blood and urine samples from healthy children 7 – 17 years of age with the goal of establishing reference intervals for many laboratory tests. The purpose of the present study was to determine pediatric reference intervals for ten coagulation proteins associated with common bleeding and thrombotic disorders. All assays were functional except for vonWillebrand factor antigen. All were measured according to manufacturer specifications and standard methods using the STA-R coagulation analyzer (Diagnostica Stago), with the exception of the ristocetin cofactor assay, which was performed on the BCS (Dade Behring). Samples used to establish adult reference intervals were purchased from George King Bio-Medical, Precision Biologic, and also drawn in-house. At each age of life, 62 individuals (31 girls/31 boys) were drawn for a minimum of 124 individuals for each age group. Reference intervals were established based on a nonparametric method (NCCLS C28-A). RESULTS: 1. Although pediatric PTT values do not differ from adult values, the mean pediatric PT values are about 1 sec longer, 2. Pediatric FIX levels trend upward until ages 16-17 when adult levels are reached, 3. FVIII, FXI, RCF and vWFAg demonstrate higher reference values in younger ages, 4. The lower limit of pediatric AT levels is significantly higher than adults, 5. The lower limit of pediatric protein C levels is significantly lower than adults, however, this difference is not seen for protein S levels. In conclusion, a number of significant differences between pediatric and adult reference intervals have been found supporting the use of these newer reference intervals. Age N PT PTT F VIII F IX F XI 7–9 186 13.1–15.4* 27–38 78–199* 71–138* 70–138 10–11 124 12.9–15.5* 27–38 83–226* 72–159* 63–137 12–13 124 13.1–15.2* 27–38 74–205* 73–152* 65–130* 14–15 124 12.9–15.4* 26–35 69–241* 80–162 57–125* 16–17 121 12.6–15.9* 26–35 63–225* 85–175 64–160 Adult 125 12.3–14.4 26–38 56–190 78–184 56–153 Age AT RCF VWF Ag PC PS-Male PS-Female * The t-test of the means, F-test of the SD, or both is statistically different (p< 0.05) from adult reference values. 7–9 96–135* 51–172* 62–176 71–143* 64–141 58–154 10–11 92–134* 61–195* 61–201* 76–146* 68–150 68–140* 12–13 92–128* 47–183* 61–186* 68–162* 65–143 60–150 14–15 95–135* 50–215* 57–204* 69–170* 66–149 53–147* 16–17 94–131* 47–206* 51–211 70–170* 75–157* 51–150* Adult 76–128 44–195 51–185 83–168 66–143 57–131

Marine macro alga are known to produce a plethora of bioactive metabolites with potential application in pharmaceutical and nutritional product development. In this study, the brown algae <i>Sargassum wightii</i> was collected along the coast of Kovalam, Thiruvananthapuram and subjected to <i>in vitro</i> analysis to determine their bioactive properties. The chloroform-methanol extract of <i>S. wightii</i> was utilized to screen and quantify phytochemical components. Further, the study examined the antioxidant potentials by lipid peroxidation inhibition, DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging assays followed by an antibacterial activity. The capability of the extract to inhibit DNA damage and protein oxidation was also evaluated <i>in vitro</i>. Finally, the chemical characterization was attained using UV-Visible, FTIR, and GC-MS spectral data. Alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, were detected in preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis and their quantitative estimation revealed a significant concentration of these phytocomponents. The extract showed an IC₅₀ value of 310.53 &#177; 0.35 &#181;g/mL and 242.85 &#177; 0.377 &#181;g/mL for DPPH and ABTS free radicals respectively. Whereas an IC₅₀ of 205.42 &#177; 0.20 &#181;g/mL was estimated for lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. A significant antimicrobial activity against four bacterial pathogens with a maximum zone of inhibition of &#62; 40 mm was also observed against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> 1.5 &#181;g/mL). The extract also demonstrated a high capability for concentration-dependent prevention of DNA damage and protein oxidation. The GC-MS spectral peaks confirmed the occurence of 17 active components with reported biological activities. These findings suggest that the extract of <i>S. wightii</i>, can be a lead compound for the development of a promising pharmaceutical product.

SummaryAntibodies directed against protein S (anti-ProtS) may be involved in the development of thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome. We assessed the prevalence and clinical significance of anti-ProtS and evaluated their immunological characteristics in 184 patients with SLE and 99 healthy donors. All patients were tested for IgG anti-ProtS by an in-house ELISA. Plasma levels and functional activity of protein S were also tested.Anti-ProtS were found in 57 patients (31%) and 4 healthy controls (4%). Patients with thrombosis had anti-ProtS more frequently than controls (29% vs 4%, OR 9.5 [95% CI 3.07-29.3], p<0.0001). Anti-ProtS were more frequent in patients with venous thrombosis and in those with arterial thrombosis, than in controls (41% vs. 4%, OR 16.5 [95% CI 5-54], p< 0.0001 and 23% vs. 4%, OR 7 [95%CI 2.1-23.5], p=0.0008, respective-ly). Patients with prematurity, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth restriction had anti-ProtS more frequently than the control group (36%, 47% and 44% vs. 4%; OR 13.6 [95% CI 2.8-66], p=0.003, OR 21 [95% CI 5-86], p<0.0001 and OR 19 [95% CI 4-99], p=0.0014, respectively). Plasma levels of free protein S were not statistically different between patients with and without anti-ProtS and controls (77.9% [20.7-100] vs. 83.7% [52.7-100] vs. 89% [62-101], respectively). Free protein S functional activity was no different between subgroups (105% [48-230] in anti-ProtS positive vs. 123% [95-283] in anti-ProtS negative vs. 136% [60-174] in controls).Anti-ProtS are frequent in SLE patients with thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. These antibodies do not interfere with free protein S in plasma since its level and/or functional activity are not impaired.

There is a need to improve the efficacy and safety of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for thrombo-occlusive diseases, and ultrasound-assisted CDT (USAT) is a promising approach. We tested if thrombolysis efficacy of USAT can be improved by adding gaseous microbubbles (MB). We developed an in vitro dynamic overflow model for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and added MB to an USAT system with ultrasound energy and dose of tissue plasminogen activator according to clinical practice. A total of 64 clots (mean baseline weight of 8.23 ± 1.12 g, generated from citrated human whole blood from 7 healthy male volunteers) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 study protocols of 30 minutes' duration: negative control, CDT, USAT, and USAT + MB.Thrombolysis efficacy was assessed by measuring the change in D-dimer levels in the overflow liquid and the percentage of clot weight reduction. Compared to negative control, change in D-dimer increased by 62% (p = 0.017), 128% (p = 0.002), and 177% (p < 0.001) in the CDT, USAT, and USAT + MB groups, respectively. D-dimer increase was greater in the USAT than in the CDT group (p = 0.014), and greater in the USAT + MB than in the USAT group (p = 0.033). Compared to negative control, percentage of clot weight reduction increased by 123% (p = 0.016), 154% (p = 0.002), and 233% (p < 0.001) in the CDT, USAT, and USAT + MB groups, respectively. Percentage of clot weight reduction was greatest in the USAT + MB group (p < 0.05 compared with all other groups). In conclusion, our in vitro study suggests that the thrombolytic efficacy of USAT in human whole blood clots can be improved by local administration of MB.

This study investigated the efficacy of ingesting an oral rehydration solution (DD) that has a high electrolyte concentration after exercise on fluid balance and cycling performance in comparison with a sports drink (SD) and water (WA). Nine healthy males aged 24 ± 2 years (mean ± SD), with peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) 55 ± 6 mL·kg−1·min−1 completed three experimental trials in a randomised manner ingesting WA, SD (carbohydrates: 62 g·L−1, sodium: 31 ± 3 mmol·L−1) or DD (carbohydrates: 33 g·L−1, sodium: 60 ± 3 mmol·L−1). On all trials, fluid was ingested during 75 min cycling at 65% VO2 peak (temperature: 30.4 ± 0.3 °C, relative humidity: 76 ± 1%, simulated wind speed: 8.0 ± 0.6 m·s−1) and during 2 h of recovery (temperature: 23.0 ± 1.0 °C, relative humidity: 67 ± 2%), with the total volume equivalent to 150% of sweat loss during the ride. A 45 min pre-load cycling time trial at a 65% VO2 peak followed by a 20 km time trial was conducted after a further 3 h of recovery. Fluid retention was higher with DD (30 ± 15%) than WA (−4 ± 19%; p < 0.001) and SD (10 ± 15%; p = 0.002). Mean ratings of palatability were similar among drinks (WA: 4.25 ± 2.60; SD: 5.61 ± 1.79; DD: 5.40 ± 1.58; p = 0.33). Although time trial performance was similar across all three trials (WA: 2365 ± 321 s; SD: 2252 ± 174 s; DD: 2268 ± 184 s; p = 0.65), the completion time was faster in eight participants with SD and seven participants with DD than with WA. Comparing SD with DD, completion time was reduced in five participants and increased in four participants. DD was more effective at restoring the fluid deficit during recovery from exercise than SD and WA without compromising the drink’s palatability with increased sodium concentration. Most individuals demonstrated better endurance exercise time trial performance with DD and SD than with WA.

Abstract Background: The effectiveness of simulation is rarely evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a short training course on the ability of anesthesiology residents to comply with current difficult airway management guidelines. Methods: Twenty-seven third-year anesthesiology residents were assessed on a simulator in a “can’t intubate, can’t ventilate” scenario before the training (the pretest) and then randomly 3, 6, or 12 months after training (the posttest). The scenario was built so that the resident was prompted to perform a cricothyrotomy. Compliance with airway management guidelines and the cricothyrotomy’s duration and technical quality were assessed as a checklist score [0 to 10] and a global rating scale [7 to 35]. Results: After training, all 27 residents (100%) complied with the airway management guidelines, compared with 17 (63%) in the pretest (P &lt; 0.005). In the pretest and the 3-, 6-, and 12-month posttests, the median [range] duration of cricothyrotomy was respectively 117 s [70 to 184], 69 s [43 to 97], 52 s [43 to 76], and 62 s [43 to 74] (P &lt; 0.0001 vs. in the pretest), the median [range] checklist score was 3 [0 to 7], 10 [8 to 10], 9 [6 to 10], and 9 [4 to 10] (P &lt; 0.0001 vs. in the pretest) and the median [range] global rating scale was 12 [7 to 22], 30 [20 to 35], 33 [23 to 35], and 31 [18 to 33] (P &lt; 0.0001 vs. in the pretest). There were no significant differences between performance levels achieved in the 3-, 6-, and 12-month posttests. Conclusion: The training session significantly improved the residents’ compliance with guidelines and their performance of cricothyrotomy.

Transportation is vital in accessing healthcare services as well as reducing maternal mortality. This study examined clients&rsquo; perception of the role of transportation to the hospital and level of hospital in reducing maternal mortality in Calabar. This study was a cross-section descriptive design. Four (4) research questions were developed for the study. A total of 220 participants were recruited by proportionate sampling technique. Respondents were selected from four clinic days Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays in each visit for a period of two weeks were used for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analysed using frequencies and percentages. The finding of the study revealed that: 153 (68%) agreed that good transportation increases the number of times participants go for an antenatal visit. 159 (72%) of the respondents viewed that good roads and vehicles make a journey to the hospital quick and easy. 177 (62%) opined that the best way to visit the hospital is by one&rsquo; s car or a taxi drop. 203 (93%) agreed that hospital has skilled midwives and doctors; 153 (70%) agreed that level of the hospital is reflective of low maternal and infant deaths; 159 (72%) agreed that healthcare team are highly skilled in handling both complicated and uncomplicated deliveries. 181 (78%) supports the notion that transportation plays a huge role in the reduction of maternal mortality in Calabar; 148 (67%) agreed that good road network has an indirect role in reducing maternal mortality in Calabar; 146 (67%) opined that controlled traffic helps reduced maternal mortality in Calabar, and 159 (71%) agreed that lack of access to transport for women in labour can increase stillbirth and maternal death rates. The study concludes that a good road network should be provided to reduce maternal mortality in Calabar.

Abstract Background: DDAVP (desmopressin) is commonly used for the prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding in patients with mild forms of von Willebrand disease (VWD) and Hemophilia A (HemA). The standard dose is 0.3 ug/kg IV, to a maximum of 20 ug. In 1995, our Bleeding Disorders Program began to use a maximum dose of 15 ug both for DDAVP challenges and for therapeutic purposes. This dosing change was triggered by the new availability of 15 ug (1 ml) vials of DDAVP. We also switched to subcutaneous administration rather than intravenous, given the smaller volume (1 ml), and the body of evidence supporting this route of administration (De Sio et al, Thrombosis and Hemostasis1985; 54:387–9). With this strategy, patients weighing <50 kg continue to receive a weight-based dose, but those weighing ≥ 50 kg receive 15ug. Method: In order to evaluate this new dosing regimen, a retrospective review was performed of 62 patients with VWD (n=36) or mild hemophilia (n=26) weighing ≥ 50kg who underwent DDAVP challenges using a 15 ug s/c dose of DDAVP. Data was also collected on the 9 patients (5 VWD, 4 HemA) tested prior to 1995 who received 20 ug IV of DDAVP. Results: Levels of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFag), ristocetin cofactor activity (RCof) and factor VIII (FVIII) were measured immediately prior to and 1 hour after administration of DDAVP. In the VWD patients (14M, 22F), median baseline levels of vWFag, RCof and FVIII were 31, 27 and 45 U/ml respectively, and rose to a median of 93, 90 and 177 U/ml following a 15 ug dose of DDAVP. This resulted in a median increase of 64 for vWFag (range 0–180), 55 for RCof (24–191) and 121 for FVIII (21–237). Results were comparable in the 5 pts who received 20 ug doses of DDAVP, achieving median increases of 77 (range 17–125), 53 (40–91) and 98 (79–184) respectively. In the HemA patients (19M, 7F), median baseline level of FVIII was 23 U/ml, and rose to a median of 57 U/ml following 15 ug DDAVP. Median increase in FVIII levels was 33 U/ml (range 2–108). These results compare favorably to the 4 patients who received 20 ug DDAVP and achieved a median FVIII increase of 19 U/ml (range 9–60). Chart review identified 26 patients (14 VWD, 12 HemA) who successfully received 15 ug doses of DDAVP in 44 clinical settings, either for the treatment of an acute bleeding episode or as prophylaxis prior to a planned surgical or dental procedure. Conclusions: DDAVP given subcutaneously to a maximum dose of 15 ug appears to be a safe and effective alternative to 20 ug IV for pts > 50 kg with VWD or mild hemophilia A.

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Background:EGPA is a small vessel vasculitis characterised by the presence of tissue eosinophilia, necrotising vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation1. Typically, a prodromal asthmatic phase, leads to an eosinophilic stage, which can evolve to include the presence of vasculitis with renal manifestations. In the recent randomised, placebo-controlled MIRRA trial for relapsing and refractory EGPA, adjuvant therapy with anti-IL5 mAB Mepolizumab [MEPO] at 300mg s/c monthly, accrued longer times in remission, reduced steroid exposure and reduced relapse rates2.Objectives:The aim of our study was to analyse the response and outcome for EGPA patients who received 100mg s/c of MEPO monthly for a minimum of 52 weeks, with particular focus on the steroid minimisation benefits.Methods:This retrospective, descriptive study analysed 13 patients with EGPA, who received 100mg s/m monthly MEPO therapy under the eosinophilic asthma care-pathway. Time points of assessment included MEPO commencement [M0] and 12 [M12] months.Results:Table 1.EGPA patients receiving Mepolizumab therapy for one year [100mg s/c]DemographicsAll [n=13]Gender ratio M/F4M:9FANCA positive/ negativeANCA: 3MPO, 1 PR3 positive/ 9 ANCA negativeAge of diagnosis of asthma35 yrs [IQR 28.5-40]Age of diagnosis of EGPA47 yrs [IQR 43.5-53.5]Median age51 yrs [IQR 47.5- 60.5]EGPA disease characteristicsN=13 [%]Asthma 13 [100]Serum eosinophilia or biopsy evidence [N= 12] 12 [100]Pulmonary infiltrates, non-fixed 8[61.5]Neuropathy, mono/poly 4[30.7]Sino-nasal abnormality 12[92.3]Glomerulonephritis 3[23]Cardiovascular 4[30.7]Prior ImmunosuppressantsN=13 [%]Steroids13[100%]Cyclophosphamide 6[46%]Rituximab6[46%]Azathioprine10[77%]Mycophenolate mofetil8[62%]Methotrexate4[31%]Campath 1[7%]Response to therapyM0 [%] Post M12 [%]Prednisolone dose N= 13Mean ±SD 18.925 mg ±11.44 10.575mg ± 5.85Eosinophil count X109/L N=13Mean ±SD 0.415mg ±0.25 0.035±0.039Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ] N=5Mean ±SD 2.92 ±1.27 1.31± 0.79BVAS N= 13Mean ±SD 7.307±6.29 2.2307±1.69Creatinine N=9Mean ±SD 68.44±15.03 69.11±17.84Continuation of anti-IL5 therapy N=13 12/13 [92.3%]Conclusion:The relapsing nature of EGPA places a potential dependency of therapy on steroids for asthmatic and vasculitic flares. This underscores the importance of targeted pathway specific biologic therapy to minimise steroid exposure, prevent tissue damage and ensure early response to therapy. This study demonstrates that anti-IL5 serves as a favourable model with steroid minimisation, improvement in asthma control questionnaire, reduction in BVAS and eosinophil counts at the 100mg s/c dosage. ANCA positive serology normalised in all four patients, independent of subtype. Well tolerated, it demonstrated considerable clinical benefit, with 12 patients [92.3%] continuing anti-IL5 therapy beyond 12 months.Long term plan > 12 monthsN=13 [%] Current Months Adjuvant therapy 12M1 Continue15 Aza2 Switched Benralizumab 26 MMF [+], IVIG [-]3 Continue 184 Switched Benralizumab 145 Discontinued Rituximab 12 MTX6 Continue 147 Continue 24 MMF Reduced8 Continue 18 MTX [+]9 Continue 15 MMF [-]10 Continue 1411 Continue 1312 Continue 13 Aza13 Continue 12References:[1]J.C.Jenette,et alRevised International Chapel Hil Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides.65, 1–11 (2013).[2]Wechsler, M. E.et al.Mepolizumab or Placebo for Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.N. Engl. J. Med.376, 1921–1932 (2017).Disclosure of Interests:Allyson Egan: None declared, pasupathy Sivasothy: None declared, Robin Gore: None declared, Marcos Martinez Del-Pero: None declared, Caroline Owen: None declared, Lisa Willcocks: None declared, Rona Smith: None declared, Stella Burns: None declared, David Jayne Grant/research support from: ChemoCentryx, GSK, Roche/Genentech, Sanofi-Genzyme, Consultant of: Astra-Zeneca, ChemoCentryx, GSK, InflaRx, Takeda, Insmed, Chugai, Boehringer-Ingelheim

Интерес к изучению систем, содержащих сульфиды формулой АIВIIIСVI2, обусловлен, прежде всего, открывающимися возможностями их практического использования в изготовлении нелинейных оптических приборов, детекторов, солнечных батарей, фотодиодов, люминофоров и др. Поэтому в связи с поиском новых перспективных материаловна основе тиогаллата серебра и железа целью этой работы является исследование квазибинарного разреза FeGa2S4–AgGaS2 четырехкомпонентной системы Fe–Ag–Ga–S.Синтез сплавов системы AgGaS2–FeGa2S4 проводили из лигатур с использованием высокой чистоты: железа – 99.995 %, галлия – 99.999 %, серебра – 99.99 % и серы – 99.99 %. Исследование сплавов проводили методами дифференциально-термического, рентгенофазового, микроструктурного анализов, а также измерением микротвердости и определениемплотности.Методами физико-химического анализа впервые изучена и построена Т-x фазовая диаграмма разреза AgGaS2–FeGa2S4, который является внутренним сечением квазитройной системы FeS–Ga2S3–Ag2S. Установлено, что система относится к простому эвтектическому типу. Состав эвтектической точки: 56 мол. % FeGa2S4 и Т = 1100 К. На основе исходных компонентов были определены области твердых растворов. Растворимость на основе FeGa2S4 и AgGaS2 при эвтектической температуре достигает до 10 и 16 мол. % соответственно. С уменьшением температуры твердые растворы сужаются и при комнатной температуре составляют на основе тиогаллата железа (FeGa2S4) 4 мол. % AgGaS2,а на основе тиогаллата серебра (AgGaS2) 11 мол. % FeGa2S4. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Zhаo B., Zhu S., Li Z., Yu F., Zhu X., Gao D. Growth of AgGaS2 single crystal by descending cruciblewith rotation method and observation of properties. Chinese Sci. Bull. 2001; 46(23): 2009–2013. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF029019182. Горюнова Н. А. Сложные алмазоподобные полупроводники. М.: Сов. радио; 1968. 215 с.3. Абрикосов Н. Х., Шелимова Л. Е. Полупроводниковые материалы на основе соединений АIVBVI..М.:Наука; 1975. 195 с.4. Kushwaha A. 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Enterococcus faecium are commensal bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans and an important cause of drug-resistant nosocomial infections. This longitudinal study aimed to determine whether changes in the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotype and genotype occurred among Enterococcus spp. isolated from cattle rectal samples obtained at the entry to and exit from an Australian feedlot. The samples obtained at the feedlot induction yielded enterococci (104/150; 69.3%), speciated as E. hirae (90/104; 86.5%), E. faecium (9/104; 8.7%), E. mundtii (3/104; 2.9%), E. durans, and E. casseliflavus (1/104; 1.0% each). AMR was observed to lincomycin (63/104; 60.6%), daptomycin (26/104; 25.0%), nitrofurantoin (9/104; 8.7%), ciprofloxacin (7/104; 6.7%), tetracycline (5/104; 4.8%), tigecycline (4/104; 3.9%), and quinupristin/dalfopristin (3/104; 2.9%). From the rectal swab samples collected at the abattoir from the same animals (i.e., the feedlot exit), the enterococci recovery was significantly higher (144/150; 96.0%), with a marked shift in species distribution dominated by E. faecium (117/144; 81.3%). However, the prevalence of AMR to individual antimicrobials remained largely static between the entry and exit except for the increased resistance to nitrofurantoin (77/144; 53.5%) and quinupristin/dalfopristin (26/144; 18.1%). Overall, 13 AMR genes were observed among the 62 E. faecium isolates. These included aac(6’)Ii, aac(6’)-Iid, and ant(6)-Ia (aminoglycosides); eatAv, lnu(G), vat(E), msr(C), and erm(B) (macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins); efmA (fluoroquinolones); and tet(45), tet(L), tet(M), and tet(S) (tetracyclines). The results confirm the presence of fluoroquinolone- and streptogramin-resistant enterococci in cattle faeces at the feedlot entry in the absence of antimicrobial selection pressure. E. faecium, exhibiting increased nitrofurantoin resistance, became the dominant Enterococcus spp. during the feeding period.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the linear relations among pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), cultivar BRS Mandarim, traits and identify the ones applied for indirect selection. Two uniformity experiments were carried out, in an experimental area located 29º42’S, 53º49’W and with 95m of altitude, selecting 360 plants per experiment, totaling 720 plants. For each plant, the number of nodes was counted and the height and stem diameter were measured, for ten evaluation times (62, 69, 76, 83, 90, 98, 104, 111, 119 and 125 days after sowing - DAS) in the first experiment and 18 times (44, 51, 58, 65, 72, 79, 86, 93, 100, 107, 114, 120, 128, 135, 141, 148, 156 and 162 DAS) in the second experiment. During plant flowering, i.e. the 125 DAS in the first experiment and 162 DAS in the second experiment, the fresh and dry mass for each plant was obtained. The sigmoidal model was adjusted and it was studied the relations among the traits through correlation and path analysis. In the pigeon pea crop, the stem diameter has a positive and linear relation with the fresh and dry mass and it can be used for indirect selection.

Die Behandlung dieses vielschichtigen Themas erfordert die Zusammenfassung zahlreicher entscheidender Details zu persönlichen Zeugnissen, Lehrplänen und Schulliteratur sowie theologischen Interpretationen verschiedener Schulen. Das System der schulischen Bildung in Lüneburg wird aus den verfügbaren Dokumenten beschrieben; für Eisenach und Ohrdruf werden Andreas Reyhers Reformvorhaben und Materialien zur persönlichen Geschichte herangezogen. Frömmigkeit, Lerneifer und Befähigung zu höherer Bildung werden als Ziele erkannt. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes) Vergleiche auch: Rainer Kaiser: Johann Sebastian Bach als Schüler einer "deutschen Schule" in Eisenach? BJ 1994, S. 177-184

The topic of the present paper is the process of transformation of old Russian poetics in Russian literature in the beginning of the 20th c. and particularly the concept of light. The concept of light is very specific in Old Russian literature and can be perceived as phenomenological image and associated with sacral world. The concept of light may be transformed and manifested in different images such as protective veil or as a boundary between light and dark (which is explored through the example of old Russian literature). The literature of the early 20 c. proves that the concept of light is similar to one of the Old Russian literature and plays special role in works by M. Tsvetaeva, B. Pasternak, O. Mandelshtam, A. Akhmatova. It is due to transcendental vector of their works. In Tsvetaeva`s works light is shown through opposition “colour – light” that reveals sacral nature of it and white color. The works by Mandelshtam and Akhmatova demonstrate that light also can be white (similar to Tsvetaeva) but also connected with red color as it is associated with death of millions. In the Christian tradition it symbolizes martyrdom. The novel “Doktor Zhivago” by B. Pasternak illustrates that the source of light is inside material life. Thus, the concept of light in the works of postrevolutionary years reveals 2 types of consciousness (according to S. Frank) — immanent presence of common in nature and in human soul and strong feeling of transcendency.

The ability to recognize the concept of early numbers in early childhood is very important to develop so that children are ready to take part in learning mathematics at a higher level. This study aims to determine the effect of mathematics learning approaches and self-regulation to recognize the concept of early numbers ability in kindergarten. The study used an experimental method with a treatment design by level 2x2. The sample used was 32 children. Score data, ability to recognize number concepts, analyzed and interpreted. The results showed that: (1) The Realistic Mathematics Education approach is better than the Open Ended Approach in improving the ability to recognize children's number concepts; (2) There is an interaction effect between mathematics learning approaches and Self-Regulation to recognize the concept of early numbers ability; (3) The Realistic Mathematics Education approach is more suitable for children with high self-regulation, (4) The Open Ended approach is more suitable for children with low self-regulation. Subsequent experiments are expected to find mathematics learning approaches for children whose self-regulation is low on recognizing the concept of early numbers ability. Keywords: mathematics learning approach, self-regulation, early number concept ability References: Adjie, N., Putri, S. U., & Dewi, F. (2019). Penerapan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Bilangan Cacah pada Anak Usia Dini. 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Abstract Background The proto-oncogene ERG is located on chromosome 21q22 and overexpression of ERG was shown to have an adverse impact on outcome in cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML). Acquired gain of chromosome 21 (+21) is a recurrent cytogenetic abnormality in AML, however, the pathogenetic impact remains elusive. Data indicate that +21 could be the underlying mechanism for altered expression of genes located in the respective regions, such as ERG, which might contribute to the pathogenesis in myeloid malignancies with +21. Aims 1) To investigate a possible relationship between ERG copy numbers and variations in ERG mRNA expression levels in patients (pts) with myeloid malignancies. 2) Analysis of ERG expression in CN-AML to reveal a possible association between ERG overexpression and other relevant molecular markers and to ascertain the prognostic impact of ERGin context of these markers. Methods ERG mRNA expression and ERG copy numbers were analyzed using a hydrolysis probe based real-time PCR assay. 1) To address ERG expression in relation to +21 the following cohorts were analyzed: 62 AML pts with a complex karyotype including +21 (CK+21); 44 AML pts with a non-complex aberrant karyotype including +21 (AK+21); 19 pts with various myeloid malignancies (10 de novo AML, 3 MDS, 1 s-AML, 2 t-AML, 1 MDS/AML, 1 t-MDS, 1 MDS/MPN) all of them showing ERG amplification by interphase FISH and array CGH (ERG-Amp). In addition, 32 CK-AML and 330 CN-AML pts without +21 or ERGamplification were analyzed. Results were expressed as mean values±SEM. Expression levels/DNA copy numbers were compared by t-test. 2)ERG expression was assessed in a cohort of 330 patients (<65 years) with de novo CN-AML. Female/male ratio was 169/161. To distinguish low from high ERG expressers the median %ERG/ABL1 level was used. BAALC expression levels were analyzed accordingly. Expression levels were correlated with clinical outcome and with the presence of mutations (mut) in ASXL1 (n=330), CEBPA (n=330), DNMT3A (n=261), FLT3-TKD (n=330), IDH1R132 (n=328), IDH2R140 (n=328), IDH2R172 (n=328), NPM1 (n=330), NRAS (n=330), RUNX1 (n=329), TET2 (n=166), WT1 (n=329) and FLT3-ITD (n=330), and with MLL-PTD (n=330) and BAALCexpression (n=328). Results 1) Analysis of pts with +21 or ERG-Amp revealed significantly higher expression levels of ERG in pts with +21 (AK+21 and CK+21 combined, 331 ± 28) and ERG-Amp (606 ± 127) as compared to pts with CN-AML (229 ± 10; p=0.001, p=0.008, respectively) or CK-AML (177 ± 36; p=0.001, p=0.004, respectively). Mean ERG expression was even higher in pts with ERG-Amp (606 ± 127) as compared to pts with +21 (331 ± 28, p=0.047). Quantification of ERG copy numbers on DNA level showed good correlation to ERG mRNA expression, with abundantly higher ERG DNA amount in +21 (3.25 ±0.14) and moreover in ERG-Amp (9.21 ±1.05) as compared to CN-AML and CK-AML (combined: 2.20 ± 0.05; p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). 2) In CN-AML, %ERG/ABL1 levels ranged from 0.078 to 1,016.027 (median: 188.904). High ERG expression was associated with lower age (mean: 48.7 vs. 52.4 years, p=0.002), higher white blood cell (WBC) count (mean: 64.8 vs. 44.4 x 109/L, p=0.019), FLT3-ITDmut/wt ratio≥0.5 (51/165, 30.9% vs. 24/165, 14.5%, p=0.001), IDH2R172mut (6/164, 3.7% vs. 0/164, 0.0%, p=0.030) and high BAALC expression (104/164, 63.4% vs. 59/164, 36.0%, p<0.001), as compared to low ERG expression. In contrast, NPM1mut (91/165, 55.2% vs. 118/165, 71.5%, p=0.003), IDH1R132mut (10/165, 6.1% vs. 29/163, 17.8%, p=0.001) and TET2mut (10/76, 13.2% vs. 22/90, 24.4%, p=0.077) were less frequent in high ERG expressers. Survival analysis revealed inferior overall survival (OS at 3 years: 52.2% vs. 68.7%, p=0.021) and event free survival (EFS at 3 years: 34.6% vs. 43.1%, p=0.052) for high ERG expressers as compared to low ERG expressers. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, WBC, BAALC expression, FLT3-ITDmut/wt ratio≥0.5, MLL-PTD and WT1mut, high ERG expression revealed a trend towards an adverse impact on OS (p=0.069), while no impact on EFS was observed. Conclusions 1) Gain of chromosome 21 and especially amplification of chromosomal band 21q22 is a mechanism for ERG overexpression. This might indicate ERG as an important factor contributing to the pathogenesis and progression of myeloid malignancies with gain of chromosome 21. 2) In CN-AML, ERG overexpression is associated to several molecular markers and has a negative impact on OS and EFS. Disclosures: Weber: MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Noel:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Alpermann:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Kern:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership. Schnittger:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment, Equity Ownership.

The aim in this study is to investigate the interface between semantics and pragmatics in relation to the use of the indexical demonstrative ‘haay’ ‘this-S.F.’ in Jordanian Arabic (JA). It is argued here that an analysis of meaning in relation to context-sensitivity inherent in the use of ‘haay’ can give evidence to the view that semantic and pragmatic processes can be distinguished from each other. I have found that the meaning of ‘haay’ consists of three distinct levels: linguistic, semantic, and pragmatic meaning. The denotational and conventional senses of ‘haay’ comprise its linguistic meaning, its semantic meaning is generated when any of the variables in the linguistic meaning is selected in relation to 'narrow context', the pragmatic meaning depends on relating the semantic meaning to an entity in the physical context of interaction. The results of this study support the view that the boundary between semantics and pragmatics can be distinctively demarcated. 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We report on successful synthesis of ZBLAN glass. Different purity of zirconium tetrafluoride used for synthesis and fluorinating agents were analyzed to obtain high optical quality glass. Among fluorinating agents we used ammonium bifluoride, xenon difluoride and sulfur hexafluoride. The best results in form of synthetized glasses have transmission window extending from 0.2 to 8.0 um, which allows to fabricate fibers for mid-infrared applications. Full Text: PDF ReferencesR. Stępień, J. Cimek, D. Pysz, I. Kujawa, M. Klimczak, and R. Buczyński, Soft glasses for photonic crystal fibers and microstructured optical components, Opt. Eng. 53, 071815 (2014). CrossRef D. Pysz, I. Kujawa, R. Stępień, M. Klimczak, A. Filipkowski, M. Franczyk, L. Kociszewski, J. Buźniak, K. Haraśny, R. Buczyński, Stack and draw fabrication of soft glass microstructured fiber optics, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci.-Tech. Sci., 62(4), 667-683 (2014). CrossRef R. Kasztelanic, I. Kujawa, R. Stępień, K. Haraśny, D. Pysz and R. Buczyński, Molding of soft glass refraction mini lens with hot embossing process for broadband infrared transmission systems, Infrared Phys. Technol. 61, 299-305 (2013). CrossRef Moynihan C.T. (1987) Crystallization Behavior of Fluorozirconate Glasses. In: Almeida R.M. (eds) Halide Glasses for Infrared Fiberoptics. NATO ASI Series (Series E: Applied Sciences), 123, Springer, Dordrecht. CrossRef M. R. Majewski, R. I. Woodward, S. D. Jackson, Dysprosium-doped ZBLAN fiber laser tunable from 2.8?m to 3.4?m, pumped at 1.7?m, Opt. Lett. 43, 971-974 (2018). CrossRef G Bharathan, R. I. Woodward, M. Ams, D. D. Hudson, S. D. Jackson, A. Fuerbach, Direct inscription of Bragg gratings into coated fluoride fibers for widely tunable and robust mid-infrared lasers, Opt. Express 25, 30013-30019 (2017). CrossRef Y. Shen, Y. Wang, H. Chen, K. Luan, M. Tao, J. Si, Wavelength-tunable passively mode-locked mid-infrared Er3+-doped ZBLAN fiber laser, Sci. Rep. 7, 14913 (2017). CrossRef J. Méndez-Ramos, P. Acosta-Mora, J. C. Ruiz-Morales, T. Hernández, M. E. Borges, P. Esparza, Heavy rare-earth-doped ZBLAN glasses for UV?blue up-conversion and white light generation, J. Lumin. 143, 479-483 (2013). CrossRef X. Jiang, N. Y. Joly, M. A. Finger, F. Babic, G. K. L. Wong, J. C. Travers, P. St. J. Russell, Deep-ultraviolet to mid-infrared supercontinuum generated in solid-core ZBLAN photonic crystal fibre, Nat. Photonics 9, 133?139 (2015). CrossRef X. Jiang, N. Y. Joly, M. A. Finger, F. Babic, M. Pang, R. Sopalla, M. H. Frosz, S. Poulain, M. Poulain, V. Cardin, J. C. Travers, P. St. J. Russell, Supercontinuum generation in ZBLAN glass photonic crystal fiber with six nanobore cores, Opt. Lett. 41, 4245-4248 (2016). CrossRef A. Medjouri, E. B. Meraghni, H. Hathroubi, D. Abed, L. M. Simohamed, O. Ziane, Design of ZBLAN photonic crystal fiber with nearly zero ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion for supercontinuum generation, Optik 135, 417?425 (2017). CrossRef D. C. Tee, N. Tamchek, C. H. Raymond Ooi, Numerical Modeling of the Fundamental Characteristics of ZBLAN Photonic Crystal Fiber for Communication in 2?3 ?m Midinfrared Region, IEEE Photon. J. 8, 4500713 (2016) . CrossRef Y. Dai, K. Takahashi, I. Yamaguchi, Thermal oxidation of fluorozirconate glass and fibres, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 12, 1648?1651 (1993). CrossRef P. Hlubina, White-light spectral interferometry with the uncompensated Michelson interferometer and the group refractive index dispersion in fused silica, Opt. Commun. 193, 1-7 (2001). CrossRef F. Gan, Optical properties of fluoride glasses: a review, J. Non Cryst. Sol. 184, 9-20 (1995). CrossRef A. Filipkowski, B. Piechal, D. Pysz, R. Stepien, A. Waddie, M. R. Taghizadeh, and R. Buczynski, Nanostructured gradient index micro axicons made by a modified stack and draw method, Opt. Lett. 40, 5200-5203 (2015). CrossRef R. Kasztelanic, A. Filipkowski, D. Pysz, R. Stepień, A. J. Waddie, M. R. Taghizadeh, and R. Buczynski, High resolution Shack-Hartmann sensor based on array of nanostructured GRIN lenses, Opt. Express 25, 1680-1691 (2017). CrossRef

Objective Obesity and pregnancy are risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In nonpregnant individuals, abdominal obesity is associated with venous insufficiency. This study aimed to compare venous Doppler volume flow and velocity in the lower extremities of obese versus nonobese women. Study Design A prospective cohort study was performed. Duplex ultrasound examined bilateral lower extremity venous flow and velocity (time-averaged mean velocity, TAMV). Flow was analyzed at the superficial femoral (SFV), distal external iliac (DEI), common femoral, profunda femoris, and popliteal veins. Mann–Whitney U-test, Spearman's correlation, and chi-square tests were used, with a significance of p < 0.05. Results Left SFV TAMV and volume flow were higher in the obese group (5.1 [4.1–5.7] vs. 2.8 [1.7–3.4] cm/second; p < 0.001) and (89 [73–119] vs. 48 [26–62] cm/minute; p = 0.005). Significant differences were noted for right DEI flow (obese 326 [221–833] vs. nonobese 182 [104–355] cm/minute; p = 0.049). The right femoral profunda flow was also higher in obese (49 [40–93] cm/minute) compared with nonobese (31 [22–52] cm/minute; p = 0.041). Conclusion Volume flow and TAMV in the lower extremities of obese gravidas are higher compared with nonobese ones. Thus, the increased risk of VTE among obese pregnant women may not be caused by venous stasis.

The new sardine Sardinella alcyone n. sp. is described on the basis of 19 specimens collected from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan and southwestern Taiwan. The new species closely resembles Sardinella pacifica Hata & Motomura 2019, both species having lateral scales with centrally discontinuous striae, a dark spot on the dorsal-fin origin, the pelvic fin with 8 rays, deciduous body scales, and very similar numbers of prepelvic and postpelvic scutes, scale rows in the longitudinal series, and pseudobranchial filaments. However, the new species is distinguished from S. pacifica by having lower total gill-raker counts on the first, second, third and fourth gill arches, and on the posterior face of the third gill arch (99–112, 97–115, 79–98, 62–77, and 25–31, respectively, vs. 112–137, 112–148, 95–127, 78–106, and 30–43), and greater pectoral fin (20.7–23.4% SL vs. 18.2–20.8%), pelvic fin (11.9–13.1% SL vs. 10.3–11.9%), maxilla (10.8–12.4% SL vs. 9.3–10.9%), lower jaw (11.8–13.4% SL vs. 10.4–11.6%), and pre-anal-fin length (77.4–82.3% SL vs. 72.9–79.3%) proportions.

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність вивчення чинників акультурації та мовної адаптації у контексті дослідження специфіки прояву прокрастинації іноземними студентами. Висвітлено особливості операціоналізації вказаних понять у сучасній науковій літературі. Вибірку дослідження склали іноземні студенти (n=41), які навчаються за освітнім рівнем «бакалавр» у двох вищих навчальних закладах України. Результати кореляційного аналізу свідчать про позитивний взаємозв’язок прокрастинації із загальним рівнем прояву стресу акультурації (r = 0.43, p<0,01), а також такими його аспектами як акультураційний страх (r = 0.46, p<0,01), сприйнята дискримінація (r = 0.37, p<0,05), почуття провини (r = 0.31, p<0,05). Вагоме значення аспектів мовної інтеграції у контексті вивчення тематики прокрастинації підтверджено зафіксованими прямими значущими кореляційними зв’язками із загальною шкалою мовної тривожності (r = 0.59, p<0,001), страхом негативної оцінки (r = 0.62, p<0,001), страхом спілкування (r = 0.62, p<0,001) та складання іспитів (r = 0.47, p<0,01). Література References Грабчак О. Особливості академічної прокрастинації студентів-першокурсників// Педагогіка і психологія професійної освіти. 2016. № 4. С. 210-218 Колтунович Т.А., Поліщук О. М. Прокрастинація – конфлікт між «важливим» і «приємним»// Young Scientist. 2017. Вип. 5, № 45. С. 211-218. Ряднова В. В., Безега Н. М., Безкоровайна І. М., Воскресенська Л. К., Пера-Васильченко А. В. Психологічні особливості процесу адаптації й організації навчання студентів-іноземців// Актуальні питання медичної (фармацевтичної) освіти іноземних громадян: проблеми та перспективи. Збірник наукових статей. 2018. С. 74-76. Balkis, M., Duru, E. (2019). Procrastination and Rational/Irrational Beliefs: A Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. doi:10.1007/s10942-019-00314-6 Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(6), 697-712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013 Chowdhury, S.F., Pychyl, T.A. (2018). A critique of the construct validity of active procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 7-12. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.016. DuBow, F. McCabe, E., Kaplan, G. (1979). Reactions to Crime: A Critical Review of the Literature, Unpublished report. Center for Urban Affairs, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ferrari J.R., Crum K.P., Pardo M.A. (2018), Decisional procrastination: Assessing characte­rological and contextual variables around indecision. Current Psychology, 37(2), doi: 10.1007/s12144-017-9681-x. Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., McCown, W. G. (1995). The Plenum series in social/clinical psychology. Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. N.Y.: Plenum Press. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0227-6 Ferrari, J. R., O'Callaghan, J., Newbegin, I. (2005). Prevalence of Procrastination in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia: arousal and avoidance delays among adults. North American Journal of Psychology, 7(1), 1-6. Gamst-Klaussen, T., Steel, P., Svartdal, F. (2019). Procrastination and personal finances: Exploring the roles of planning and financial self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00775 Goldin, C., Katz, L. F., Kuziemko, I. (2006), The homecoming of American college women: The reversal of the college gender gap. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(4), 133-157. Haghbin, M. (2015). Conceptualization and operationalization of delay: Development and validation of the multifaceted measure of academic procrastination and the delay questionnaire. (Unpublished Ph.D. thesis). Carleton University, Ottowa, Canada. Hashemi, M., Abbasi, M. (2013). The role of the teacher in alleviating anxiety in language classes. International Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(3), 640-646. Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M.B., Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132. Klingsieck, K. B. (2013). Procrastination: When good things don’t come to those who wait. European Psychologist, 18(1), 24-34. doi: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000138 Kornienko, A. A., Shamrova, D. P., Kvesko, S. B., Kornienko, A. A., Nikitina, Y. A., Chaplinskaya, Y. I. (2016). Adaptation Problems Experienced by International Students in Aspect of Quality Management. The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioral Sciences, 48, 358-361 doi: 10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.48 Kráľová, Z., Sorádová D. (2015). Foreign Language Learning Anxiety. In: Teaching Foreign Languages in Inclusive Education: (A teacher-trainee´s handbook), Nitra: Constantine the Philosopher University. doi: 10.17846/SEN.2015.91-100 Lee, S. (2008). Relationship between selected predictors and adjustment/acculturation stress among East Asian international students. (Doctoral dissertation). University of Kentucky, Lexington. Lindblom-Ylänne, S., Saariaho, E., Inkinen, M., Haarala-Muhonen. A., Hailikari., T (2015). Academic procrastinators, strategic delayers and something betwixt and between: An interview study. Frontline Learning Research, 3(2), 47-62. Markiewicz, K. (2018). Prokrastynacja i prokrastynatorzy. Definicja, etiologia, epidemiologia i terapia. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, 31(3), 195-213. Markiewicz, K., Dziewulska, P. (2018). Procrastination Predictors and moderating effect of personality traits. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne, 23(3), 593-609 doi: 10.14656/ PFP20180308 Pychyl, T.A., Sirois, F. M. (2016). Procrastination, emotion regulation, and well-being. In: Procrastination, Health, and Well-Being, (pp. 163-188). Academic Press, Rorer, L. G. (1983). “Deep” RET: A reformulation of some psychodynamic explanations of procrastination. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 7, l-10. Russell, J., Rosenthal, D., Thomson, G. (2010). The international student experience: Three styles of adaptation. Higher Education, 60, 235-249 Sandhu, D. S., Asrabadi, B. R. (1994). Development of an acculturative stress scale for international students: Preliminary findings. Psychological Reports, 75(1,2), 435-448. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.435 Schouwenburg, H. C., Lay, C. H., Pychyl, T. A., Ferrari, J. R. (Eds.). (2004). Counseling the Procrastinator in Academic Settings. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi: 10.1037/10808-000 Sirois, F.M., Pychyl, T.A. (2013). Procrastination and the Priority of Short-Term Mood Regulation: Consequences for Future Self. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(2), 115-127. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential selfregulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133, 65–94. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 Steel, P., Ferrari, J. (2013). Sex, education and procrastination: An epidemiological study of procrastinators’ characteristics from a global sample. European Journal of Personality, 27(1), 51-58. doi: 10.1002/per.1851. Tibbett, T. P., Ferrari, J. R. (2015). The portrait of the procrastinator: Risk factors and results of an indecisive personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 82, 175–184 Van Eerde, W., Klingsieck, K. B. (2018). Overcoming procrastination? A meta-analysis of intervention studies. Educational Research Review, 25, 73-85. Zhanibek, A. (2001). The relationship between language anxiety and students’ participation in foreign language classes. (Master thesis). Bilkent University, Ankara. References (translated and transliterated) Hrabchak, O. (2016). Osoblyvosti akademichnoji prokrastynaciji studentiv-pershokursnykiv [Academic procrastination features in first-year students]. Pedaghohika i Psykholohiya Profesiynoyi Osvity, 4, 210-218 Koltunovych, T.A., Polishhuk, O.M (2017). Prokrastynacija – konflikt mizh “vazhlyvym” i “pryjemnym” [Procrustination - the conflict between “important” and “pleasant”]. Young Scientist, 5 (45), 211-218. Riadnova, V.V., Bezeha, N.M., Bezkorovaina, I.M., Voskresens’ka, L.K., Pera-Vasylchenko, A.V. (2018). Psykhologhichni osoblyvosti procesu adaptaciyi i orghanizaciyi navchannia studentiv-inozemtsiv [Psychological features of the process of adaptation and organization of international students’ training]. Issues of Medical (Pharmaceutical) Education of International Citizens: Problems and Prospects. Book of abstracts (74-76). Poltava, Ukraine. Balkis, M., Duru, E. (2019). Procrastination and Rational/Irrational Beliefs: A Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. doi:10.1007/s10942-019-00314-6 Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(6), 697-712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013 Chowdhury, S.F., Pychyl, T.A. (2018). A critique of the construct validity of active procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 7-12. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.016. DuBow, F. McCabe, E., Kaplan, G. (1979). Reactions to Crime: A Critical Review of the Literature, Unpublished report. Center for Urban Affairs, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Ferrari J.R., Crum K.P., Pardo M.A. (2018), Decisional procrastination: Assessing characte­rological and contextual variables around indecision. Current Psychology, 37(2), doi: 10.1007/s12144-017-9681-x. Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., McCown, W. G. (1995). The Plenum series in social/clinical psychology. Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. N.Y.: Plenum Press. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0227-6 Ferrari, J. R., O'Callaghan, J., Newbegin, I. (2005). Prevalence of Procrastination in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia: arousal and avoidance delays among adults. North American Journal of Psychology, 7(1), 1-6. Gamst-Klaussen, T., Steel, P., Svartdal, F. (2019). Procrastination and personal finances: Exploring the roles of planning and financial self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00775 Goldin, C., Katz, L. F., Kuziemko, I. (2006), The homecoming of American college women: The reversal of the college gender gap. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(4), 133-157. Haghbin, M. (2015). Conceptualization and operationalization of delay: Development and validation of the multifaceted measure of academic procrastination and the delay questionnaire. (Unpublished Ph.D. thesis). Carleton University, Ottowa, Canada. Hashemi, M., Abbasi, M. (2013). The role of the teacher in alleviating anxiety in language classes. International Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(3), 640-646. Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M.B., Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132. Klingsieck, K. B. (2013). Procrastination: When good things don’t come to those who wait. European Psychologist, 18(1), 24-34. doi: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000138 Kornienko, A. A., Shamrova, D. P., Kvesko, S. B., Kornienko, A. A., Nikitina, Y. A., Chaplinskaya, Y. I. (2016). Adaptation Problems Experienced by International Students in Aspect of Quality Management. The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioral Sciences, 48, 358-361 doi: 10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.48 Kráľová, Z., Sorádová D. (2015). Foreign Language Learning Anxiety. In: Teaching Foreign Languages in Inclusive Education: (A teacher-trainee´s handbook), Nitra: Constantine the Philosopher University. doi: 10.17846/SEN.2015.91-100 Lee, S. (2008). Relationship between selected predictors and adjustment/acculturation stress among East Asian international students. (Doctoral dissertation). University of Kentucky, Lexington. Lindblom-Ylänne, S., Saariaho, E., Inkinen, M., Haarala-Muhonen. A., Hailikari., T (2015). Academic procrastinators, strategic delayers and something betwixt and between: An interview study. Frontline Learning Research, 3(2), 47-62. Markiewicz, K. (2018). Prokrastynacja i prokrastynatorzy. Definicja, etiologia, epidemiologia i terapia. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, 31(3), 195-213. Markiewicz, K., Dziewulska, P. (2018). Procrastination Predictors and moderating effect of personality traits. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne, 23(3), 593-609 doi: 10.14656/ PFP20180308 Pychyl, T.A., Sirois, F. M. (2016). Procrastination, emotion regulation, and well-being. In: Procrastination, Health, and Well-Being, (pp. 163-188). Academic Press, Rorer, L. G. (1983). “Deep” RET: A reformulation of some psychodynamic explanations of procrastination. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 7, l-10. Russell, J., Rosenthal, D., Thomson, G. (2010). The international student experience: Three styles of adaptation. Higher Education, 60, 235-249 Sandhu, D. S., Asrabadi, B. R. (1994). Development of an acculturative stress scale for international students: Preliminary findings. Psychological Reports, 75(1,2), 435-448. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.435 Schouwenburg, H. C., Lay, C. H., Pychyl, T. A., Ferrari, J. R. (Eds.). (2004). Counseling the Procrastinator in Academic Settings. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi: 10.1037/10808-000 Sirois, F.M., Pychyl, T.A. (2013). Procrastination and the Priority of Short-Term Mood Regulation: Consequences for Future Self. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(2), 115-127. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential selfregulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133, 65–94. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 Steel, P., Ferrari, J. (2013). Sex, education and procrastination: An epidemiological study of procrastinators’ characteristics from a global sample. European Journal of Personality, 27(1), 51-58. doi: 10.1002/per.1851. Tibbett, T. P., Ferrari, J. R. (2015). The portrait of the procrastinator: Risk factors and results of an indecisive personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 82, 175–184 Van Eerde, W., Klingsieck, K. B. (2018). Overcoming procrastination? A meta-analysis of intervention studies. Educational Research Review, 25, 73-85. Zhanibek, A. (2001). The relationship between language anxiety and students’ participation in foreign language classes. (Master thesis). Bilkent University, Ankara.

В статье рассматриваются последние достижения в области изучения Бохая (698–926 гг.) на Дальнем Востоке России в последнее десятилетие. Наряду с археологическими исследованиями в этот период велись и исторические, включая перевод китайских письменных источников. Изучение археологических памятников с применением мультидисциплинарных исследований привело к существенному росту сведений о хозяйстве бохайцев, культуре, о внутренних и внешних торговых связях. Всё более очевидно, что в Приморье была периферия Бохая, осваивавшаяся этим государством постепенно на протяжении всего его существования. Ослабление Бохая в конце IX века привело к тому, что центры бохайской власти над местным мохэским населением – образованные на землях разных народов – шуайбинь, юйлоу, тели и др. – областные и окружные – с обретением этими народами самостоятельности становились центрами новой зарождающейся государственности. 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This paper presents a brief review on the ternary phase equilibria in the ternary AV–BVI–I systems (AV = Sb, Bi; BVI = S, Se, Te). These systems includes the series of ternary compounds those are very attractive source materials for photo-, thermos- and ferroelectric energy transformation along the recently discovered semiconductors that exhibit Rashba-type spin splitting in their surface states. In the Rashba semiconductors, a unique toroidal 3D Fermi surface appears on the crystal surface, which leads to unusual properties that make it possible to realize unique electronic devices based on these compounds. The thorough knowledge on the ternary phase diagram of these systems shed light on the chemical and structural design of new multifunctional materials with tunable properties. This knowledge is very important whenfocusing on the chemistry of such multifunctional materials based on complex element systems. REFERENCES Audzijonis A., Sereika R., Ћaltauskas R. 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ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the level of income inequality in member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OC). The research period used was from 2012 to 2021, using the System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) analysis tool. The variables used consist of the Gini ratio (proxy of income inequality), economic growth, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflation, the average length of schooling (human capital proxy), and corruption perception index (sharia proxy). The results showed that sharia, human, and inflation variables had a negative effect, while economic growth and FDI had a positive and significant effect on income inequality in OIC countries. These results show that in addition to economic factors and human capital, sharia elements cannot be released in overcoming income inequality in OIC countries. Sharia is a driving factor in a more even distribution of income. Keywords: Income Inequality, Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), Sharia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di negara anggota Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Periode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2021, dengan menggunakan alat analisis System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Variabel yang digunakan terdiri dari rasio gini (proksi ketimpangan pendapatan), pertumbuhan ekonomi, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflasi, rata-rata lama sekolah (proksi human capital), dan indeks persepsi korupsi (proksi syariah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel syariah, human, dan inflasi berpengaruh negatif, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan FDI berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di negara-negara OIC. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa selain faktor ekonomi dan human capital unsur syariah tidak bisa dilepaskan dalam mengatasi ketimpangan pendapatan di negara OIC. Syariah menjadi faktor pendorong dalam distribusi pendapatan yang lebih merata. Kata kunci: Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), Syariah REFERENCES Abdulkarim, F. M., & Ali, H. S. (2019). Financial inclusions, financial stability, and income inequality in oic countries: A GMM and quantile regression application. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 5(2), 419–438. doi:10.21098/jimf.v5i2.1069 Alamanda, A. (2021). The effect of economic growth on income inequality: Panel data analysis from fifty countries. Info Artha, 5(1), 1–10. doi:10.31092/jia.v5i1.1176 Anto, M., H. (2011). Introducing an Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI) to measure development in OIC countries. Islamic Economic Studies, 19(2), 69–95. Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). 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Verbascum nigrum L., common name black mullein, family Scrophulariaceae, is a rustic perennial plant belonging to the native flora in Italy. The plant, which produces bright yellow flowers densely grouped on the tall stem, is used in low-maintenance gardens. During fall 2012, plants grown in mixed planting borders in a garden located in Biella Province (northern Italy) showed extensive foliar disease. Approximately 100 plants were affected by the disease. Early symptoms were small, light brown, necrotic spots on leaves, later reaching 10 mm diameter, with an irregular shape, showing a chlorotic halo. Necrotic areas often coalesced surrounded by yellowing. In some cases, the internal part of the necrotic areas dried with the appearance of holes. The disease progressed from the base to the apex of plants. In some cases, most of leaves turned completely necrotic and plants were severely damaged. Symptomatic tissues were immersed in a solution containing 1% sodium hypochlorite for 2 to 3 s and rinsed with sterile distilled water. Small fragments were excised from the margin of lesions and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Petri dishes were incubated at temperatures ranging between 20 and 25°C under alternating daylight and darkness (12 h light, 12 h dark). A single fungus was consistently isolated and subcultured on malt extract agar (MEA). On MEA, colonies were felty, white cream, and produced dark globose or subglobose pycnidia measuring 68 to 185 × 62 to 177 (average 122 × 113) μm, containing hyaline (light grey in mass), ellipsoid, non-septate conidia measuring 3.1 to 5.7 × 1.5 to 2.7 (average 4.0 × 2.0) μm after 15 days. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and D1/D2 regions of rDNA were amplified using the primers ITS1/ITS4 and NL1/NL4, respectively, and then sequenced (GenBank Accession Nos. KC411473 and KF041823). BLAST analysis of both fragments showed 99% homology with the sequences GU237753 and JQ768403 of Phoma novae-verbascicola Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley (Basionym: Phyllosticta verbascicola Ellis & Kellerm.). Morphological characteristics of the fungus also were consistent with the descriptions of P. poolensis var. verbascicola (Ellis & Kellerm.) Aa & Boerema (2) (Syn.: P. novae-verbascicola). Pathogenicity tests were performed by spraying a conidial suspension (4 × 104 CFU/ml) obtained from 15-day-old PDA cultures of the fungus onto leaves of three healthy 3-month-old V. nigrum. Three plants inoculated with sterile water served as controls. Plants were maintained in a growth chamber for 5 days at 25 ± 1°C under 70 to 90% relative humidity. The first foliar lesions developed on leaves 2 days after inoculation and after 5 days, 80% of leaves were severely infected. Control plants remained healthy. The organism reisolated on PDA from leaf lesions was identical in morphology to the isolate used for inoculation. The pathogenicity test was carried out twice. Phoma spp. has been reported on Verbascum spp. P. novae-verbascicola has been very recently described (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of P. novae-verbascicola on V. nigrum in Italy. At present, the economic importance of this disease is limited, but may become a more significant problem if the cultivation of this species increases. References: (1) M. M. Aveskamp et al. Studies in Mycology, 65: 1, 2010. (2) J. de Gruyter et al. Persoonia 15 (3): 369, 1993.

One of the highest and continually increasing phenomena of violence in Indonesia is sexual abuse. The most frequent victims of this phenomenon are early childhood. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the "SI ANDI - Siap Amankan Diri” (Ready to Protect Yourself) flashcard games on improving personal safety skills in early childhood. This study involved 40 subjects aged 4-6 years, divided into control and experimental groups (n=20 for each group). This research is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. Assessment of personal safety skills employed the WIST-III instrument. The hypothesis was analyzed using independent sample t-tests. The "SI ANDI" flashcard games program was effective on improving personal safety skills among participants in the experimental group, as evidenced by a statistically significant p-value of sig. 0.000 < 0.005. This finding suggests that the "SI ANDI" flashcard games can be used as an alternative tool for teaching personal safety skills in early childhood. Further observation is necessary to ascertain the long-term effects of using the "SI ANDI - Siap Amankan Diri" flashcards on the personal safety skills of young children. This is essential for identifying changes that occur over an extended period, providing insight into the sustained impact of the intervention. Keywords: personal safety skills; sexual abuse; early childhood; sex education References: Agudo, J. E., Rico, M., & Sánchez, H. (2016). Design and Assessment of Adaptive Hypermedia Games for English Acquisition in Preschool. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 22(2), 161–179. Agustina, L. S. S., Kusumawati, R. N., & Hardjono. (2022). Edukasi Seks Berbasis Permainan Puzzle untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Perlindungan Diri Anak. 14(2), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.15294/intuisi.v14i2.29575 Akbar, Z., & Mudzdaliffah, F. (2012). 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Abstract Objectives This quality improvement project sought to enhance clinical information sharing for interhospital transfers to an inpatient hepatology service comprised of internal medicine resident frontline providers (housestaff) with the specific aims of making housestaff aware of 100% of incoming transfers and providing timely access to clinical summaries. Interventions In February 2020, an email notification system to senior medicine residents responsible for patient triage shared planned arrival time for patients pending transfer. In July 2020, a clinical data repository (“Transfer Log”) updated daily by accepting providers (attending physicians and subspecialty fellows) became available to senior medicine residents responsible for triage. Methods Likert scale surveys were administered to housestaff before email intervention (pre) and after transfer log intervention (post). The time from patient arrival to team assignment (TTA) in the electronic medical record was used as a proxy for time to patient assessment and was measured pre- and postinterventions; >2 hours to TTA was considered an extreme delay. Results Housestaff reported frequency of access to clinical information as follows: preinterventions 4/31 (13%) sometimes/very often and 27/31 (87%) never/rarely; postinterventions 11/26 (42%) sometimes/very often and 15/26 (58%) never/rarely (p = 0.02). Preinterventions 12/39 (31%) felt “not at all prepared” versus 27/39 (69%) “somewhat” or “adequately”; postinterventions 2/24 (8%) felt “not at all prepared” versus 22/24 (92%) somewhat/adequately prepared (p = 0.06). There was a significant difference in mean TTA between pre- and posttransfer log groups (62 vs. 40 minutes, p = 0.01) and a significant reduction in patients with extreme delays in TTA post-email (18/180 pre-email vs. 7/174 post-email, p = 0.04). Conclusion Early notification and increased access to clinical information were associated with better sense of preparedness for admitting housestaff, reduction in TTA, and reduced frequency of extreme delays in team assignment.

Referred to data of Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) and Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI), almost landslide occurrence in Ponorogo always starts with high-intensity rain. This research aimed to determine simultaneously correlation and partial assessment impact of rainy days every month and monthly rainfall toward landslide occurrence in Ponorogo using logistic regression. The data collection was conducted through Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in the book of Ponorogo Regency in Figure on 2012 to 2016. The existing data shows that in sixty months have been twenty-six times landslides occurrence in Ponorogo districts. The data statistically analyzed in simultaneous proves that contribution of rainy days and rainfall to landslide were included adequate correlation (Nagelkerke R Square = 25.4 % and Cox & Snell R Square = 36.9 %) and in partial test proves that rainy days have significant impact (sig. = 0.024) and rainfall does not significant impact (sig. = 0.291) (α = 0.05) to landslide occurrence in Ponorogo regency. The rainy days per month were abled applied to predict for possible landslide elsewhere. Keywords: rainy days, rainfall, landslide, Ponorogo, logistic regression References Aditian, A., Kubota, T., & Shinohara, Y. (2018). Geomorphology Comparison of GIS-based landslide susceptibility models using frequency ratio , logistic regression , and arti fi cial neural network in a tertiary region of Ambon , Indonesia. Geomorphology Journal, 318, 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.06.006 Agresti, A. (1996). An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis. 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Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Ponorogo. (2016). Ponorogo Dalam angka 2016. Ponorogo. Retrieved from https://ponorogokab.bps.go.id/publication Chuang, Y. C., & Shiu, Y. S. (2018). Relationship between landslides and mountain development—Integrating geospatial statistics and a new long-term database. Science of the Total Environment Journal, 622–623, 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.039 Chuang, Y., & Shiu, Y. (2018). Science of the Total Environment Relationship between landslides and mountain development — Integrating geospatial statistics and a new long-term database. Science of the Total Environment Journal, 622–623, 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.039 Departemen Pekerjaan Umum. Pedoman Penataan Ruang Kawasan Rawan Bencana Longsor, Pub. L. No. 22 /PRT/M/2007, 148 (2007). Indonesia: Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Republik Indonesia. 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We conducted a retrospective comparative analysis of 75 patients undergoing video-assisted mitral valve repair with right minithoracotomy over a period from November 2011 to August 2013. The control group comprised 71 patients operated on mitral valve by using median sternotomy during the same period. Median (25th; 75th) times of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping were significantly longer in the minimally invasive group (180 [139; 224] and 111 [87; 145] min, respectively) as compared to the controls (84 [69; 117] and 62 [49; 81 ] min, respectively), p<0.01. Fatal outcome occurred in 2 (2.7%) cases in the minimally invasive group versus none in the controls. In both cases death resulted from intraoperative aortic dissection. While ventilation time and intensive care unit stay were comparable across the groups, postoperative respiratory failure occurred in 6 (8%) cases in the minimally invasive group versus none in the controls (p<0.05). No other significant differences in the postoperative course were observed between the groups. The results of the present study are generally consistent with the world's tendencies. On the other hand, complication rates observed in the minimally invasive group present a considerable economic burden and require substantial human resources in the postoperative period.

Introduction Chronic otitis media can cause multiple middle ear pathogeneses. The surgeon should be aware of relation between ossicular chain erosion and other destructions because of the possibility of complications. Objective This study aimed to investigate the rates of ossicular erosion in cases of patients with and without facial nerve canal destruction, who had undergone mastoidectomy due to chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma. Methods We retrospectively analyzed three hundred twenty-seven patients who had undergone tympanomastoidectomy between April 2008 and February 2014. We documented the types of mastoidectomy (canal wall up, canal wall down, and radical mastoidectomy), erosion of the malleus, incus and stapes, and the destruction of facial and lateral semi-circular canal. Results Out of the 327 patients, 147 were women (44.95%) and 180 were men (55.04%) with a mean age 50.8 ± 13 years (range 8–72 years). 245 of the 327 patients (75.22%) had been operated with the diagnosis of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. FNCD was present in 62 of the 327 patients (18.96%) and 49 of these 62 (79.03%) patients had chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. The correlation between the presence of FNCD with LSCC destruction and stapes erosion in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma is statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Although incus is the most common of destructed ossicles in chronic otitis media, facial canal destruction is more closely related to stapes erosion.

Background:Juvenile systemic sclerosis (jSSc) is an orphan disease with a prevalence of around 3 in 1, 000,000 children. It is known that in pediatric jSSc cohorts, there are a significant number of patients with overlap features, such as arthritis and myositis. However, the disease burden between those with and without overlap features in jSSc has not been defined.Objectives:Compare the clinical phenotype between children with and without overlap features in the juvenile systemic scleroderma inception cohort (jSScC).Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed using baseline visit data. Demographic, organ system evaluation, autoantibody profile, treatment, and patient and physician reported outcome variables were extracted from jSScC. Comparison between patients with and without overlap features was performed using chi-square test and Mann Whitney U-test.Results:At the time of data extraction, 175 jSSc patients were enrolled in the cohort, 81% were Caucasian and 81% female. Mean disease duration was 3.1 year (±2.7). Mean age at Raynaud´s onset was 10 years (±3.8) and mean age of first non-Raynaud´s was 10.2 years (±3.8). Overlap features occurred 17% (n=30) of the cohort, 12.5% in the diffuse cutaneous (dc) jSSc and in 30% in the limited cutaneous (lc) jSSc. Significant differences in clinical characteristics were found between those patients with compared to without overlap characteristics. Patients with overlap features presented more frequently with Gottron papules (p=0.007), swollen joints (p=0.019), muscle weakness (p=0.003), and lung involvement documented by decreased DLCO < 80% (p=0.06) and/or abnormal high resolution computed tomography (p=0.049). Anti-PM/Scl autoantibodies were also more common in this group (p=0.001). Significantly more patients without overlap features had Raynaud´s (p=0.006). Physician Global Assessment of disease activity was significantly higher in patients with overlap features (41 vs 34; p=0.041). (Table 1.)Table 1.Demographic and clinical characteristics of jSSc patients with and without overlap features.Whole CohortN=175Patients without overlapN=145Patients with overlapN=30P valueFemale to Male Ratio 4.3:1(142/33)4:1(116/29)6.5:1(26/4)0.395Cutaneous subtypeDiffuse subtype (N)73% (128)11216Limited subtype (N)27% (47)3317Mean disease duration (years)3.1 (± 2.7)3.2 (± 2.8)3.1 (± 2.2)0.291Mean age of onset of Raynaud´s (years)10.0 (± 3.8)17 non-Raynaud10.0 (± 3.8)10 non-Raynaud10.0 (± 3.7)7 non-Raynaud0.931Mean age of onset of non-Raynaud´s (years)10.2 (± 3.8)10.2 (± 3.9)9.8 (± 3.7)Disease modifying drugs (N)88% (154) 89% (129)83% (25)0.388Raynaud´s phenomenon90% (158)93% (135)77% (23)0.006Anti-PMScl18% (12/68)9% (5/53)47% (7/15)0.001Gottron Papules (N)27% (46/171)23% (33/144)48% (13/27)0.007DLCO <80% (N)44% (39/88)39% (28/71)65% (11/17)0.06Abnormal findings in HRCT (N)44% (59/133)40% (43/107)62% (16/26)0.049Proportion of patients with swollen joints 18% (32) 14% (21) 37% (11)0.019Muscle Weakness (N) 21% (31/149)16% (20/123) 42% (11/26)0.003Physician global disease activity(0-100) min -max35 (0-90) n=14134 (0-90) n=11441 (0-80) n=270.041Conclusion:Results from this large international cohort of jSSc patients demonstrate significant differences between patients with and without overlap features. Patients with overlap have significantly more interstitial lung disease and more physician rated disease activity and should not be considered to have more “mild disease”.Supported by the “Joachim Herz Stiftung”Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Recent shift towards clean energy increased the demand for both fuel cells (used as clean power generator) and water electrolyzer (used as hydrogen supply) significantly. Anion exchange membrane (AEM) serves as a core component for these devices, though its low anion conductivity and durability inhibit their potential for commercialization. Many research and development (R&D) have been done seeking for improvements in AEM1, but current empirical-centric method consumes significant amount of resources, such as cost, labor, and time. To reduce resource consumptions, implementing materials informatics (MI) that allows high-speed screening of materials through a pre-trained AEM polymer machine learning (ML) model is important. However, AEMs are made up of polymers whose chemical structures are complex and hard to represent in a machine-understandable form. Fingerprints are often used to represent chemical structures in numerical forms generated through algorithm2. Majority of these fingerprints are designed for small molecules, not polymers, but they are usually unintuitive and difficult to understand due to their topological nature. In contrast, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shift have long been used in chemistry to identify the chemical structure of a particular sample3. In this study, we aim to utilize the high-resolution nature of NMR chemical shift to identify structural formula as chemical structure fingerprint for ML model, such that a polymer-suited and highly explainable fingerprint can be developed. First, an AEM database containing structural and experimental condition information was built using data extracted from 62 papers. Experimental conditions included were anion conductivity measuring temperature, alkaline stability test measuring condition (test temperature, length of test, and concentration of alkaline solution). Then, the 13C NMR chemical shift for the chemical structure contained in structural information was calculated using ChemDraw. The obtained chemical shifts were converted to numerical strings and is named as “NMR fingerprint”. A new AEM database containing both structural (molar ratio of each building blocks and NMR fingerprints) and experimental condition was used as the training database for ML models. Target variable was set to anion conductivity, and the rest were explanatory variables. ML model used was XGBoost. Cross-validation was used to evaluate the capability of ML models to predict anion conductivity of novel AEM polymers. Prediction logic was analyzed using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) value. The database built contains data from 62 AEM papers, with 2,197 anion conductivity data points. Each AEM chemical structures present in the database was converted to NMR fingerprints using NMR chemical shifts, obtaining around 2,000 NMR fingerprints for each AEM polymer unit. Together with the experimental conditions and structural information included in the database, the data were used as train-validation dataset for XGBoost. The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained for cross-validated model was 0.9235, implying that the model learnt and determined the relationship between anion conductivity and AEM polymer structure with high accuracy, with the aid of experimental conditions. Then, the prediction logic of the ML model was explored using SHAP values, which are values computed from coalitional game theory, and is used to increase transparency and interpretability of ML models. Analyzing the plot of SHAP values for top 20 important variables used in XGBoost showed that measuring temperature for anion conductivity ranked highest, which is in coherence to the well-known behavior of AEM polymers. Besides, non-experimental condition variables such as 29.8_A ranked into the top 3 important variables. 29.8_A is the chemical shift for alkyl groups attached in between two imidazolium group of AEM polymer, suggesting that the presence or absence of more than one imidazolium group per side chain is important to determine the anion conductivity of an AEM polymer. SHAP values for 29.8_A show that higher feature value (pink color) gives higher impact (positive region of x-axis) to the target variable, inferring that having alkyl groups between imidazolium groups give beneficial effect to anion conductivity. Such ability to explain the prediction logic of ML model shows that using NMR chemical shifts as fingerprints for AEM polymer structures provide intuitive, human-understandable ML prediction logic explanation. Together with the high cross-validation accuracy, NMR chemical shifts hold the potential to not only be a gold standard in expressing polymer structures in machine-understandable form, but also to strongly push the adoption of ML in the AEM polymer field, creating a paradigm shift for AEM R&D. Reference S. Gottesfeld et al., J. Power Sources 2018, 375, 170-184. J. Bajorath, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 2001, 41, 2, 233–245. P. Jezzard et al., Adv. Mater. 1992, 4, 2, 82-90. Figure 1

Background:Infections are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). India is endemic for Tuberculosis (TB) with a prevalence of 2.3 cases per thousand population.Objectives:Thus, we studied the prevalence of TB in our cohort of IIM patients and compared with that in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods:Medical records from paper charts and electronic medical records were reviewed for adults and juvenile patients with SLE (ACR criteria 1997) and IIM (Bohan and Peter criteria 1975) first presented at a tertiary care hospital in India from 1989 to 2016. Clinical variables including disease characteristics variables, the frequency, site, duration and complication of active TB as well as dose of corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs were extracted retrospectively from the medical records. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the cohort and TB characteristics. Chi-square and t-test were used to evaluate association of TB with clinical diagnosis as well as medication data.Results:There were 167 (132 adults and 35 juvenile) IIM and 280 (131 adults and 149 juvenile) SLE in our cohort. Active TB occurred in 24 (14.4%) of all IIM cases (18, 13.6% adults; 6, 17.1% juvenile) as compared to 18 (6.4%) of all SLE cases (8, 6.1% adults; 10, 6.7% juvenile, p value < 0.01). Of all the TB in myositis, most often it was seen in Dermatomyositis (n=11, 45.8%) followed by Polymyositis (5, 20.8%), and occasionally in Overlap myositis (3, 12.5) and juvenile dermatomyositis (1,4.1%).Considering an annual TB rate of 211 per 100,000 of the general population, the risk of developing active TB was 62-fold higher in patients with IIM and 27-fold higher in those with lupus. Patients with IIM had higher odds of developing TB as compared with Lupus [odds ratio 2.86 (CI 1.5-5.47), p=0.007).Amongst 24 IIM patients with TB, 10 had pulmonary TB and 14 had extra-pulmonary TB. The median glucocorticoid dose at the diagnosis of TB was 0.25 (0-1.5) mg/kg/day. Half the cases of active TB occurred during inactive myositis. Seventeen patients with active TB were followed up over 27 months (8-184), with remission of TB in all cases but required prolonged courses of Anti-Tuberculous Therapy (ATT) in 25% cases with 10 ATT related adverse events in 8 patients and 5 patients with relapse of myositis due to lowering of immunosuppression.Conclusion:Patients with IIM have higher prevalence of active TB as compared with SLE patients. The risk is highest in patients with Dermatomyositis possibly related to high doses of steroids. Extra-pulmonary forms of TB are more common, and patients commonly require prolonged course of ATT and may suffer relapses of myositis during ATT. Screening for latent TB may be useful in IIM patients before prescribing steroids and other immunosuppressive drugs.References:[1]TB Statistics India | National, treatment outcome & state statistics [Internet]. TB Facts | TB, tests, drugs, statistics. [cited 2019 Jun 13]. Available from:https://www.tbfacts.org/tb-statistics-india/[2]Muhammed H, Gupta L, Zanwar A, Misra DP, Lawrence A, Agarwal V, Aggarwal A, Misra R;OPC0243: Infections are leading cause of in-hospital mortality in patients with inflammatory myositis; Indian J Rheumatol 2018;13, Suppl S2:93-241[3]Gaitonde S, Pathan E, Sule A, Mittal G, Joshi VR. Efficacy of isoniazid prophylaxis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving long term steroid treatment. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002 Mar;61(3):251–3.[18]He D, Bai F, Zhang S, Jiang T, Shen J, Zhu Q, et al. High incidence of tuberculosis infection in rheumatic diseases and impact for chemoprophylactic prevention of tuberculosis activation during biologics therapy. Clin Vaccine Immunol CVI. 2013 Jun;20(6):842–7.Figure 1.(A) Prevalence and (B) sites of tuberculosisTable 1.Table 2.Clinical profile of patients with TuberculosisDisclosure of Interests:Latika Gupta: None declared, Abhishek Zanwar: None declared, Rohit Aggarwal Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Genentech, BMS, Mallinckrodt, Consultant of: Pfizer, Genentech, BMS, Mallinckrodt, Bristol Myers-Squibb, octapharma, CSL Behring, AstraZeneca, Corbus, Kezar, Abbvie, Able Lawrence: None declared, Durga Misra: None declared, Vikas Agarwal: None declared, Ramnath Misra: None declared, Amita Aggarwal: None declared

In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that the metabolic adaptations observed during steady-state exercise soon after the onset of training would be displayed during the nonsteady period of moderate exercise and would occur in the absence of increases in peak aerobic power (V̇o2peak) and in muscle oxidative potential. Nine untrained males [age = 20.8 ± 0.70 (SE) yr] performed a cycle task at 62% V̇o2peak before (Pre-T) and after (Post-T) training for 2 h/day for 5 days at task intensity. Tissue samples extracted from the vastus lateralis at 0 min (before exercise) and at 10, 60, and 180 s of exercise, indicated that at Pre-T, reductions ( P < 0.05) in phosphocreatine and increases ( P < 0.05) in creatine, inorganic phosphate, calculated free ADP, and free AMP occurred at 60 and 180 s but not at 10 s. At Post-T, the concentrations of all metabolites were blunted ( P < 0.05) at 60 s. Training also reduced ( P < 0.05) the increase in lactate and the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio observed during exercise at Pre-T. These adaptations occurred in the absence of change in V̇o2peak (47.8 ± 1.7 vs. 49.2 ± 1.7 ml·kg−1·min−1) and in the activities (mol·kg protein−1·h−1) of succinic dehydrogenase (3.48 ± 0.21 vs. 3.77 ± 0.35) and citrate synthase (7.48 ± 0.61 vs. 8.52 ± 0.65) but not cytochrome oxidase (70.8 ± 5.1 vs. 79.6 ± 6.6 U/g protein; P < 0.05). It is concluded that the tighter metabolic control observed following short-term training is initially expressed during the nonsteady state, probably as a result of increases in oxidative phosphorylation that is not dependent on changes in V̇o2peak while the role of oxidative potential remains uncertain.

A national survey was conducted to determine the overall microbiological quality of fresh and frozen breakfast-type sausages manufactured in Canada. Fresh (61 lots; 55 producers) and frozen (62 lots; 35 producers) were analyzed for aerobic colony counts (ACCs), coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella. There was wide variation in aerobic colony count values, but most were in the range of 104 to 107 CFU/g. Detectable levels of E. coli and S. aureus were found in at least one-third of all fresh and frozen sausages. In addition, Salmonella was detected in 14.8% of lots of fresh sausages and 6.5% of lots of frozen sausages. Frozen sausages generally had lower microbial loads than fresh ones. Although no standards or guidelines for breakfast-type sausages are available from the International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF), guidelines published in the literature were applied to ACCs, coliforms and S. aureus for both fresh and frozen sausages.

Summary The main goal of the current work was to describe and analyse the Digenean community structure in Sarpa salpa. A total of 114 specimens of S. salpa were collected from the Central Coast of Algeria at six localities. The fish were immediately transported to the laboratory to be examined for digeneans. From 107 of the 114 S. salpa examined, a total of 8,722 specimens of seven species belonging to three families were recovered. Among them, Robphildollfusium fractum and Mesometra orbicularis were the most prevalent and abundant species. Moreover, Lepocreadium album was found for the first time in S. salpa from the coast of Algeria, and Centroderma spinosissima and Wardula capitellata represent new parasites to the Algerian digenean fauna that infect teleost fish. The component community of these Digeneans is characterised by R. fractum as its dominant species representing 62% of the total number of collected Digeneans, as well by a Shannon diversity index (H′) and Dominance Simpson index (D) of 1.03 and 2.23, respectively. According to Spearman's correlation test, Mesometra brachycoelia and W. capitellata were negatively correlated to the host biological factors. On the other hand, R. fractum showed a positive correlation between its mean abundance and the total length of the fish. With these findings, we provided the component structure of the Digenean fauna of S. salpa and highlighted their diversity, contributing to the biodiversity of the parasitic Platyhelminthes in Algeria.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine incidence of concurrent peroneal nerve injury and to compare outcomes in patients with and without peroneal nerve injury after surgical treatment for multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs). A retrospective study of 357 MLKIs was conducted. Patients with two or more knee ligaments requiring surgical reconstruction were included. Mean follow-up was 35 months (0–117). Incidence of concurrent peroneal nerve injury was noted and patients with and without nerve injury were evaluated for outcomes. Concurrent peroneal nerve injury occurred in 68 patients (19%). In patients with nerve injury, 45 (73%) returned to full duty at work; 193 (81%) patients without nerve injury returned to full duty (p = 0.06). In patients with nerve injury, 37 (60%) returned to their previous level of activity; 148 (62%) patients without nerve injury returned to their previous level of activity (p = 0.41). At final follow-up, there were no significant differences in level of pain (mean visual analog scale 1.6 vs. 2; p = 0.17), Lysholm score (mean 88.6 vs. 88.8; p = 0.94), or International Knee Documentation Committee score (mean 46.2 vs. 47.8; p = 0.67) for patients with or without peroneal nerve injury, respectively. Postoperative range of motion (ROM) (mean 121 degrees) was significantly lower (p = 0.02) for patients with nerve injury compared with patients without nerve injury (mean 127 degrees). Concurrent peroneal nerve injury occurred in 19% of patients in this large cohort suffering MLKIs. After knee reconstruction surgery, patients with concurrent peroneal nerve injuries had significantly lower knee ROM and trended toward a lower rate of return to work. However, outcomes with respect to activity level, pain, and function were not significantly different between the two groups. This study contributes to our understanding of patient outcomes in patients with concurrent MLKI and peroneal nerve injury, with a focus on the patient's ability to return to work and sporting activity.

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RESUMENEl objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los mecanismos de financiación y de control de las instituciones religiosas por los laicos en las primeras décadas de la conquista y colonización de Hispanoamérica. Investigar sobre la inversión laica en lo sagrado supone en un primer lugar aclarar la historiografía sobre laicos, religión y dinero en las sociedades de Antiguo Régimen y su trasposición en América, planteando una mirada desde el punto de vista de las motivaciones múltiples de los actores seglares. A través del ejemplo de restituciones, donaciones y legados en losAndes, se explora el papel de los laicos españoles, y también de las poblaciones indígenas, en el establecimiento de la densa red de instituciones católicas que se construye entonces. La propuesta postula el protagonismo de actores laicos en la construcción de un espacio cristiano en los Andes peruanos en el siglo XVI y principios del XVII, donde la inversión económica permite contribuir a la transición de una sociedad de guerra y conquista a una sociedad corporativa pacificada.PALABRAS CLAVE: Hispanoamérica-Andes, religión, economía, encomienda, siglos XVI y XVII.ABSTRACTThis article aims to reflect on the mechanisms of financing and control of religious institutions by the laity in the first decades of the conquest and colonization of Spanish America. Investigating lay investment in the sacred sphere means first of all to clarifying historiography on laity, religion and money within Ancien Régime societies and their transposition to America, taking into account the multiple motivations of secular actors. The example of restitutions, donations and legacies inthe Andes enables us to explore the role of the Spanish laity and indigenous populations in the establishment of the dense network of Catholic institutions that was established during this period. The proposal postulates the role of lay actors in the construction of a Christian space in the Peruvian Andes in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, when economic investment contributed to the transition from a society of war and conquest to a pacified, corporate society.KEY WORDS: Hispanic America-Andes, religion, economics, encomienda, 16th and 17th centuries. BIBLIOGRAFIAAbercrombie, T., “Tributes to Bad Conscience: Charity, Restitution, and Inheritance in Cacique and Encomendero Testaments of 16th-Century Charcas”, en Kellogg, S. y Restall, M. 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Recent studies have shown that a low birth weight is a risk factor for increased systemic blood pressure (BP) in adulthood. Further, systemic BP and arterial stiffness (AS) are reported to be increased in adolescents born prematurely. The purpose of this study was to characterize systemic BP and AS in young adults born preterm. Systemic BP was measured using an automated oscillometric device. AS was assessed by measuring the right carotid–radial pulse wave velocity (PWV) using a validated non-invasive automated method. Systemic BP, pulse pressure, and PWV [mean (confidence intervals)] were compared between 16 adults (age 21 years) born preterm (age at birth 32 weeks of gestation) with a birth weight (1710 g) appropriate for their gestational age and 15 adults (21 years) born at term (40 weeks of gestation) with a birth weight (3430 g) appropriate for their gestational age. Adults born preterm had a significantly higher systolic BP [122 mmHg (114–144) v. 112 (106–127)], mean BP [89 mmHg (86–98) v. 84 (81–91)], diastolic BP [69 mmHg (66–76) v. 65 (62–78)], pulse pressure [54 mmHg (47–72) v. 47 (42–60)], and PWV [7 m/s (6.3–8.6) v. 6.4 (5.8–8)] than did those born at term. Our findings suggest that young adults with a low birth weight due to preterm birth have increased systemic BP and AS. Accordingly, preterm birth may predispose individuals to cardiovascular diseases in adulthood due to increased AS.

Magnitude of the reflex contribution to force enhancement was investigated in vivo during passive stretches of the Achilles tendon (AT) of one female subject. Thirty passive (5 × 6) dorsiflexions were induced by a motorized ankle ergometer. Achilles tendon force (ATF) was sensed by a buckle transducer applied surgically around the right AT. Single passive stretches resulted in a low but rather linear ATF increase in the absence of EMG (surface electrodes) activity. In the presence of reflexes, a clear ATF enhancement occurred 13–15 ms after the beginning of the EMG reflex responses. In double dorsiflexions at either 1.2 or 1.9 rad · s-1, which were separated by a maintained stretched position of either 40 or 90 ms, the first stretch resulted in initial linear ATF increase, followed by an additional force enhancement during the plateau phase. This reflexly induced increase represented 94 ± 4 N and 184 ± 1 N, respectively, for the 40 and the 90 ms plateaus, corresponding to 210 ± 85% and 486 ± 177% enhancements as compared to the first passive stretch effect. The results suggest further that timing of the stretch during the twitch response influences the magnitude and rate of force potentiation.

Il nome della nota località balneare istriana Rabac (in grafia italianeggiante Rabaz) è attestato già nel 1341 sotto la forma Rabaç, precisamente negli Statuti di Albona [Labin] (cfr. P. Kandler "L'Istria" III, 1848, pp. 14 s.). A questo Rabaç fa riscontro, nel '500, Rabaz, che incontriamo nell'Itinerario Bragadin-Lando-Morosini dell'a. 1554 (ed. M. Bertoša VHARP 17, 1972, p. 41) e nel Catastico di Fabio da Canal dell'a. 1566 (ed. D. Klein, ib. 11-12, 1966-67, pp. 16- bis, 62). Rabaz ricompare in Carlo Donadoni, a. 1719 (P. Kandler Emporio p. 96, in "Miscellanea Conti" 1861-62), in un documento dell'a. 1749 (P. Kandler cit. p. 282), nonché nel Catasto di V. Morosini IV, a. 1775-76 (ed. M. Bratulić, Trieste-Fiume 1980, pp. 349-352). Anche la cartografia veneta di fine '700 attesta la forma Rabaz, così la nota carta dell'Istria Meridionale di Giov. Valle (Venezia 1784). Rabaz ricompare nel Reperto-Bargnani dell'a. 1806' (ed. E. Apih, ACRSR 12, 1981-82, p. 219), nell "' A vviso della Commissione per la vendita dei beni dello Sta to del Litorale", Trieste 15-1-1825 (Archivio di Stato, per gentile informazione del dott. Pierpaolo Dorsi), in Carlo Combi a. 1858-59 (cfr. E. Apih cit. p. 321) ecc. Rammenteremo anche la forma Rabatz (alternante con Rabaz) in R. P. Burton Note sopra i Castellieri (Capodistria 1877) p. 35 e Rabas (nella locuzione Porto Rabas in alcune carte geografiche del 1753 e 1780, Lago-Rossit OH indici), nonché in P. Tedeschi Viaggio fantastico in Oga Magoga, 1863, su cui v. P. Blasi "Voce Giul." 1-6-1984 p. 4). Abbastanza comune anche la locuzione Porto Rabaz, soprattutto nella cartografia istriana a partire dall'a. 1620 fino al 1797 (vedi gli indici in Lago-Rossit cit.): ricorderemo fra queste la Carta Geografka del Coronelli (Venezia 1696) nonché la Carta Santini ("à Venise" ante 1780, cfr. fot. in E. Schwarzenberg Plstr. 44 s. V, f. 8-9, 1980, p. 12); fra i moderni citeremo M. Gerbini Quaderni di Fianona (Trieste 1976) p. 41 e M. Catano, "In Strada Granda" N. 27 (aprile 1986) p. 26 e qualche altro.

Introduction. Occupational dust pathology of respiratory organs in Kuzbass remains relevant due to its high prevalence among workers of the coal industry. Entering the body, the components of coal cause the development of pneumoconiotic fibrosis. Innovative ideas about the morphogenesis of fibrosis in recent years have shifted to the molecular level and appeal to the state of cellular receptors, the expression of some genes and the repression of others, a radical change in the cellular phenotype, which is the platform on which complex pathological processes occur. The study aims to research the mechanisms of fibroplastic changes in the lung tissue of miners from the position of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Materials and methods. The authors carried out histological and immunohistochemical studies of the respiratory system obtained during fifty autopsy operations of a group of Kuzbass miners working in underground. We studied the bronchial mucosa, respiratory lung tissue, arteries and veins of the small and large circulatory circles. The scientists perfomed immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies (marker of proliferation Ki-67; oncogene of proapoptotic activity Bcl-2; endothelial function factors CD-31 and CD-34; marker of epithelial tissue cytokeratin; muscle tissue markers: actin, desmin, vimentin; connective tissue markers: type III collagen; muscle tissue collagenization marker: EMA; intercellular adhesion molecules E and N-cadherins; macrophage antigen (HAM5600)). Results. Epithelial cells of bronchi of coal industry workers partially lose the ability to express cytokeratins with the replacement of individual cell clusters with cells with non-core expression of maternal epithelial tissue of muscle antigens (vimentin, desmin, actin). When exposed to dust, the epithelial phenotype changes with changes in the quantity, shape and quality of the tissue structures of the lung tissue. Epithelial cells become elongated, fusiform, lose polarity and intercellular connections, acquire mobility and the ability to migrate beyond the tissue histione. Hyperactivation of cellular signaling pathways leads to disorganization and partial disintegration of the cytoskeleton with the appearance of functional mobility of cellular elements. A significant decrease in intercellular adhesive contacts under conditions of prolonged exposure to coal-rock dust leads to suppression of the expression of E-cadherin with partial substitution for N-cadherin contacts. Meanwhile, epithelial cells go through the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, participate in the processes of fibrosis.Activated myofibroblasts are the main source of fibrosis in the lungs , their precursors can be both resident and bone marrow fibroblast-like cells. Dedifferentiated epithelial cells can act as decompensation of the regenerative capacity of lung tissue. Conclusion. The concepts of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation as a mechanism of the main pathological changes in pneumoconiosis should serve as a foundation for further in-depth study and understanding of the complex pathogenetic aspects of this problem in medicine. Ethics. The authors conducted all the studies of the dead miners with the help of a secondary examination of blocks and ready-made histological micro-preparations (glasses) of the material of the Bureau of Forensic Medical examination in Novokuznetsk, Osinniki, Prokopyevsk. The researchers carried out studies of pathomorphological material strictly on the basis of Federal Law No. 323-FZ of 21.11.2011 "On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation", in particular Article 67 "Conducting pathoanatomic autopsies", Federal Law No. 8-FZ of 12.01.1996 "On Burial and Funeral Business" (Article 5, paragraph 1, 2), as well as in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of April 29, 1994 No. 82 "On the procedure for conducting a pathoanatomical autopsy" (appendix to the order of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of 29.04.1994 No. 82), Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia of 24.03.2016 No. 179n "On the rules for conducting pathoanatomical studies".

83 patients (men) with stable chronic coronary disease (mean age 62 ± 9 years, mean body weight 86± 11 kg, mean height 177 ± 6 cm, mean ejection fraction of left ventricle 47± 8%) were examined before and aft er three months lasting aerobic training combined with stregth components . Before the training period symptom-limited spiroergometry was provided. Spiroergometry was applied for the evaluation of anaerobic threshold to decide on the aerobic training intensity. Load intensity for the strength training phase was determined by the method of 1-RM (30-60%). Th e training (exercise unit) was performed three times a week. Th e impact on quality of life was measured using SAQ (Th e Seattle Angina Questionnaire). Th e all 5 SAQ dimensions were signifi cantly better aft er the training. Physical limitations (79,7 ± 19,0 vs. 84,9 ± 16,4*) stability of symptoms (78,2 ± 19,1 vs. 85,6 ± 16,1*) frequency of symptoms (83,5 ± 15,6 vs. 88,2 ± 14,5**), treatment satisfaction (87,8 ± 14,6 vs. 92,9 ± 11,5*), and disease perception (67,2 ± 19,7 vs. 73,8 ± 19,5**). Peak exercise oxygen uptake (VO2peak ) increased from 18,6 ± 3,1 to 19,8 ± 4,0** ml. kg-1.min-1 (*P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, Wilcoxon).

The objective of the present study was to investigate the changes in glucose and insulin metabolism in nutritionally stunted children that can be involved in the appearance of chronic diseases in adulthood. For this purpose, sixty-one children were selected, thirty-five boys and twenty-six girls, residents of slums in S˜o Paulo, Brazil. The children were classified according to the height-for-age as stunted (1·5 Z-score; n 21) or non-stunted (≥1·5 Z-score; n 40). The glucose and insulin plasma levels were determined and, from these values, the indexes that evaluate the pancreatic ·-cell function (homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-B)) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) were assessed. Stunted children showed lower values of fasting insulin than those of the non-stunted group (boys: 29·7 (SD 14·9) v. 5=·4 (SD 29·2) pmol/l, P=·019; girls: 34·4 (SD 12·6) v. 62·3 (SD 28·7) pmol/l, P=·016) but the glucose levels were similar (boys: 4·6 (SD =·3) v. 4·5 (SD =·3) mmol/l; girls: 4·2 (SD =·3) v. 4·4 (SD =·3) mmol/l). Stunted children showed lower HOMA-B values (boys: 83 (SD 22) % v. 115 (SD 36) %, P=·011; girls: 107 (SD 23) % v. 144 (SD 46) %, P=·045) and higher HOMA-S values (boys: 196 (SD 92) % v. 120 (SD 62) %, P=·014; girls: 159 (SD 67) % v· 98 (SD 57) %, P=·016). The results show a decreased activity of μ-cell function and increased insulin sensitivity in stunted children. The decreased b-cell function of this group may strongly predict type 2 diabetes.