Academic literature on the topic '1835-1882'
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Journal articles on the topic "1835-1882"
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Kounekamp, Mrs Rosamond. "William Stanley Jevons (1835-1882)." Manchester School 30, no. 3 (April 21, 2008): 251–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1962.tb00331.x.
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Bousquet, Yves. "TAXONOMIC REVISION OF NEARCTIC, MEXICAN, AND WEST INDIAN OODINI (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 128, no. 3 (June 1996): 443–537. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent128443-3.
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AbstractEight genera and 25 species are recognized among the Nearctic, Mexican, and West Indian Oodini. Four new species are described: Oodinus pseudopiceus (type locality: Hillsborough River St. Pk., Hillsborough Co., Florida); Oodinus similis (type locality: San Quintín, Chiapas, Mexico); Oodinus darlingtoni (type locality: Cauto El Cristo, Oriente, Cuba); and Oodinus edentulus (type locality: 31.8 mi E Francisco Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico). Oodes fluvialis LeConte, 1863, previously recognized as a subspecies of O. americanus Dejean, 1826, is given specific status. The following new synonymies are established: Eulachnocrepis Habu, 1956 with Lachnocrepis LeConte, 1853; Stenocrepis texana (LeConte, 1863), S. chalcas Bates, 1882, and S. chalcochrous Chaudoir, 1883 with S. insulana (Jacquelin du Val, 1857); Stenocrepis quatuordecimstriata (Chaudoir, 1843), S. picipes (LeConte, 1844), S. stenocephala (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1851), and S. sulcata Chevrolat, 1863 with S. mexicana (Chevrolat, 1835). Lectotypes are designated for Oodinus alutaceus (Bates, 1882), Oodes amaroides Dejean, 1831, O. fluvialis LeConte, 1863, O. americanus Dejean, 1826, Stenocrepis texana (LeConte, 1863), S. chalcas Bates, 1882, S. lecontei (Chaudoir, 1857), S. quatuordecimstriata (Chaudoir, 1843), S. picipes (LeConte, 1844), S. cuprea (Chaudoir, 1843), S. tibialis (Chevrolat, 1834), S. femoralis (Chaudoir, 1835), S. elegans (LeConte, 1851), and S. gratiosa (Bates, 1882). The genus-group name Nanodes Habu, 1956, a homonym of Nanodes Schönherr, 1825, is replaced by Nanodiodes, new replacement name. For each genus treated, the following are provided: citation of original description and selected references, notes about synonymy (if required), description, geographical distribution and diversity, and monophyly and phylogenetic relationships. For each species included, the following are given: citation of original description and synonymies, type material, etymology (for new species only), notes about synonymy (if required), diagnosis, description, geographical distribution, bionomics, and phylogenetic relationships (if the genus includes more than two species). Keys to genera and, for each genus, to species are included. The species distributions are mapped, and the important structural features are illustrated.
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Dilworth, David. "Destiny and conditionality: the ameliorative pragmatisms of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Fukuzawa Yukichi." Cognitio: Revista de Filosofia 21, no. 1 (July 19, 2020): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2316-5278.2020v21i1p45-67.
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O artigo desenvolve uma hermenêutica comparativa dos “mundos da vida” da América do Norte continental e do círculo Pacífico do Japão Meiji através de uma interface das articulações protopragmáticas de Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) e Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835-1901). Ainda relevante no mercado de ideias atuais, The Young American (1844), de Emerson, e Outline of a Theory of Civilization (1875), de Fukuzawa, foram possibilidades melhorativas pioneiras da modernidade meritocrática na civilização pós-patriarcal e pós-feudal.
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Nilsson, Anders N. "Revision of the Hydroporus nigellus complex (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) inciuding multivariate species separation." Insect Systematics & Evolution 25, no. 1 (1994): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631294x00054.
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AbstractThe six species assigned to the Holarctic nigellus complex of Hydroporus Clairville are revised, and a key is given to the separation of males. Species limits were studied biometrically, chiefly using body length, penis length and male protarsal width. Principal components analysis was used to combine size variables taken from samples throughout species ranges. The two Holarctic species H. geniculatus Thomson, 1854, and H. nigellus Mannerheim, 1853, are separated on tarsal width, with H. nigellus being circumboreal and H. geniculatus confined to NW Europe and NW North America. Of the four other species H. semenowi Jakowlew, 1897, is Palearctic, and H. despectus Sharp, 1882, H. tartaricus LeConte, 1850, and H. tenebrosus LeConte, 1850, are Nearctic. Lectotypes are designated for the following nominal species: Hydrocoptus obscuripes Motschulsky, 1860, Hydroporus caminarius Motschulsky, 1860, Hydroporus despectus Sharp, 1882, Hydroporus eugeniae Zaitzev, 1909, Hydroporus lugubris Motschulsky, 1845, Hydroporus melancholicus Motschulsky, 1860, Hydroporus opacus Wehncke, 1871, Hydroporus pyrenaeus Wehncke, 1871, Hydroporus rusticus Sharp, 1882, Hydroporus semenowi Jakowlew, 1897, and Hydroporus tartaricus LeConte, 1850. The following new synonymies are established: Hydroporus longitarsis J. Sahlberg, 1910, and Hydroporus afflatus Scholz, 1917 = Hydroporus semenowi Jakowlew, 1897; Hydrocoptus obscuripes Motschulsky, 1860, Hydroporus pyrenaeus Wehncke, 1871, Hydroporus bungei Zaitzev, 1910, and Hydroporus tungus Zaitzev, 1910 = Hydroporus nigellus Mannerheim, 1853; Hydroporus eugeniae Zaitzev, 1909 = Hydroporus elongatulus Sturm, 1835.
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Inoue, Takutoshi, and Michael V. White. "Bibliography of Published Works by W. S. Jevons." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 15, no. 1 (1993): 122–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200005307.
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William Stanley Jevons (1835–1882) was one of the great Victorian polymaths. His published writing spans chemistry, meteorology, geology, astronomy, geometry, physiology, political economy, sociology, logic and the philosophy of science. The extraordinary range and volume of this output was not the result of dabbling in the tradition of the Victorian “gentleman scientific amateur.” Dependent in large part on extensive experimental practice, Jevons's work was published in prominent physics journals and his Principles of Science (1874) was considered by one physicist to be a state of the art summary of scientific method and principles (Clifford, 1875, p. 480). Jevons's versatility was evident throughout his life. His article on “reflected rainbows,” which drew on a controversy in art and optics, was published in the month of his death.
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Nilsson, Anders N., Robert E. Roughley, and Michel Brancucci. "A review of the genus- and family-group names of the family Dytiscidae Leach (Coleoptera)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 20, no. 3 (1989): 287–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631289x00348.
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AbstractAll available genus- and family-group names of the adephagan family Dytiscidae Leach published before 31 December 1988 are listed. Names proposed for fossil taxa are listed separately. Given for each genus-group name are: original citation, type species with fixation, and current status. Incorrect spellings, invalid type designations etc. are noted. Each family-group name is presented with its original citation, spelling and status, together with its type genus and current status. Type species are designated for: Graphothorax Motschulsky, 1853, Hydrocoptus Motschulsky, 1853, Scutopterus Dejean, 1833, Scytodytes Seidlitz, 1887, Trochalus Dejean, 1833, and Xanthodytes Seidlitz, 1887. The names of the subgenera of Cybister Curtis, 1827, are revised. As previous type fixations for Hydrocoptus Motschulsky, 1853, are invalid the noterid genus Hydrocoptus sensu Sharp, 1882, takes the name Neohydrocoptus Satô, 1972. The subgenus Vathydrus Guignot, 1954, is a junior subjective synonym of Hydrovatus (s.str.) as the type species of the genus is Hyphydrus cuspidatus Kunze, 1818. Scutopterus Dejean, 1833, is a senior subjective synonym of Meladema Laporte, 1835, that should be suppressed because it is not in use. This is also true for Leucorea Laporte, 1835, an unused senior objective synonym of Vatellus Aubé, 1837. To support stability we suggest that Thermonetus should be considered an invalid original spelling of Thermonectus Dejean, 1833.
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Turazzi, Maria Inez. "Os estudos comparativos e os desenhos 'imparciais e singelos' de Antonio Lopes Mendes no Brasil (1882-1883)." Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas 9, no. 2 (August 2014): 361–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-81222014000200007.
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O artigo analisa a singularidade de Antonio Lopes Mendes (1835-1894), agrônomo português que viajou por seu país e pelo mundo (especialmente Índia e Brasil) integrando missões científicas e comerciais. Essa experiência resultou em abundante material textual e iconográfico, ainda pouco estudado. Como outros 'homens de ciência' e politécnicos de seu tempo, Lopes Mendes demonstrou notória sensibilidade para a expressão visual, realizando estudos comparativos com a 'imparcialidade' e a 'singeleza' de seu traço. Desenhista atento, meticuloso e prolixo, ele esteve no Brasil entre 1882 e 1883, quando percorreu várias províncias do país e, mais detidamente, a região Norte. As descrições textuais e visuais que compõem suas observações de campo nos ajudam a compreender a interdisciplinaridade do conhecimento científico, assim como sua constituição e comunicação pelas artes visuais no século XIX.
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BALKE, MICHAEL, JIŘÍ HÁJEK, and LARS HENDRICH. "Generic reclassification of species formerly included in Rhantus Dejean (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae)." Zootaxa 4258, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4258.1.7.
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A reclassification of several species traditionally included in Rhantus Dejean, 1833 is given: Nartus Zaitzev, 1907 is re-instated as genus with one species in the Nearctic and one in the Palaearctic region; two new genera are erected: Meri-diorhantus n. gen., with M. antarcticus (Germain, 1854) n. comb., M. calidus (Fabricius, 1792) n. comb., M. limbatus (Aubé, 1838) n. comb., M. orbignyi (Balke, 1992) n. comb., M. validus (Sharp, 1882) n. comb. in the Neotropical region (M. calidus also in the southern USA and along the eastern coast as far north as New York City), and the monotypic Caperhantus n. gen., with C. cicurius (Fabricius, 1787) n. comb. in south Africa. Furthermore, nine Pacific and Australian Rhantus are transferred to the genus Carabdytes Balke, Hendrich & Wewalka, 1992: C. alutaceus (Fauvel, 1883) n. comb., C. guadalcanalensis (Balke, 1998) n. comb., C. monteithi (Balke, Wewalka, Alarie & Ribera, 2007) n. comb., C. novaecaledoniae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1944) n. comb., C. oceanicus (Balke, 1993b) n. comb., C. pacificus (Boisduval, 1835) n. comb., C. plantaris (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., C. poellerbauerae (Balke, Wewalka, Alarie & Ribera, 2007) n. comb. and C. pseudopacificus Balke, 1993b) n. comb. All changes are based on a previous comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of Colymbetinae. Diagnostic characters are given for all genera mentioned above and each of them is illustrated with one or more habitus pictures. An updated key to all genera of Colymbetinae is also given.
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Karpiński, Lech, Wojciech T. Szczepański, Radosław Plewa, Marcin Walczak, Jacek Hilszczański, Lech Kruszelnicki, Krzysztof Łoś, Tomasz Jaworski, Marek Bidas, and Grzegorz Tarwacki. "New data on the distribution, biology and ecology of the longhorn beetles from the area of South and East Kazakhstan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)." ZooKeys 805 (December 11, 2018): 59–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.805.29660.
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New data on the distribution, biology and ecology of the longhorn beetles occurring in southern and eastern regions of Kazakhstan are presented together with a list of 78 species that were collected during two entomological expeditions conducted in May and June 2017. New localities of some rare taxa endemic to this region of Asia, such asPsilotarsusbrachypterusbrachypterus(Gebler, 1830),Stenocorusminutus(Gebler, 1841) andDorcadioncrassipescrassipesBallion, 1878 are given.ExocentrusstierliniGanglbauer, 1883 is recorded from Kazakhstan for the first time. Moreover, the occurrence of three species:AmarysiusduplicatusTsherepanov, 1980,RhopaloscelisunifasciatusBlessig, 1873 andSaperdaalbertiPlavilstshikov, 1916, which were recently found in the country, is also confirmed. Furthermore, high-quality photographs of several unique taxa, i.e.Psilotarsusbrachypteruspubiventris(Semenov, 1900),Xylotrechusadspersus(Gebler, 1830),X.alakolensisKarpiński & Szczepański, 2018,Anoplistesgalusoi(Kostin, 1974),A.jacobsoniBaeckmann, 1904 andObereakostiniDanilevsky, 1988 along with images of their habitats and feeding galleries are also presented. New localities of species considered serious pests or invasive, such asTuraniumscabrum(Kraatz, 1882) andTrichoferuscampestris(Faldermann, 1835), respectively, are also given. A new synonymy is proposed:CerambyxscalarisLinnaeus, 1758 =CerambyxhieroglyphicusPallas, 1773,syn.n.
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KARABACAK, OSMAN, HASAN YILDIRIM, and ESRA MARTİN. "Bellevalia koyuncui sp. nova (Asparagaceae): a new species from South Eastern Anatolia, Turkey." Phytotaxa 203, no. 1 (March 19, 2015): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.203.1.9.
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Bellevalia Lapeyrouse (1808: 425) is a genus comprising about 65 species and subspecies distributed over the Mediterranean region (Bareka et al. 2008, Jafari & Maassoumi 2008, Borzatti von Loewenstern et al. 2013). Wendelbo (1984) reported 18 taxa, seven of which endemic to the country. In further studies, Wendelbo (1985) reduced Bellevalia latifolia Feinbrun (1940: 369) to a synonym of B. olivieri (Baker 1874: 8) Wendelbo (1985: 120). Since then, three species were published by Özhatay (2000), while Johnson (2003) reduced B. pycnantha (Koch 1849: 255) Losinskaja (1935: 310) to a synonym of B. paradoxa (Fischer & Meyer 1835: 30) Boissier (1882: 308). In recent years, four more species, B. leucantha Persson (2006: 253), B. malatyaensis Uzunh. & H.Duman in Uzunhisarcıklı et al. (2013: 652), B. chrisii Yıldırım & B.Şahin in Yıldırım et al. (2015: in press) and B. pseudolongipes Karabacak & Yıldırım in Karabacak et al. (2014: 210) were described. In this study, we present a further new species, Bellevalia koyuncui, endemic to Turkey.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1835-1882"
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Gouverneur, Virginie. "John Stuart Mill et William Stanley Jevons sur la question des femmes : d’une continuité supposée à l’éclairage d’une rupture." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/184980240#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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John Stuart Mill et William Stanley Jevons sont des représentants clés du passage vers le marginalisme en économie. Dans le même temps, ils se réclament tous deux de l’utilitarisme, doctrine philosophique reconnue pour ses liens avec le féminisme. Leurs revendications en ce qui concerne les femmes sont pourtant tout à fait divergentes : si Mill prône des réformes égalitaires et s’oppose aux Factory Acts limitant le travail des femmes, Jevons adhère à l’ensemble des lois restrictives adoptées au XIXe siècle et prône en outre la prohibition du travail des mères de jeunes enfants dans les usines. Cet apparent paradoxe est résolu lorsqu’on considère l’opposition de Mill et Jevons comme l’emblème d’une rupture plus générale entre utilitaristes classiques et premiers marginalistes sur la question des femmes. Mill se situe, au sujet des femmes, dans la lignée des premiers : comme eux, il considère que les intérêts des femmes doivent compter autant que ceux des hommes et en tire un certain nombre de conséquences. Il prolonge en particulier les avancées de Jeremy Bentham, père de l’utilitarisme classique, vers une considération plus grande des intérêts des femmes par les économistes. Jevons, lui, apparaît comme représentatif de ces auteurs du dernier tiers du XIXe siècle qui certes soulèvent la question des femmes mais dont la position semble marquer un recul par rapport à celles de leurs prédécesseurs. Ainsi en est-il de plusieurs économistes marginalistes, tels que Marshall, qui désignent le foyer comme le lieu idéal d’expression des femmes où elles accomplissent leur fonction première, la reproduction. L’analyse de l’opposition de Mill et Jevons offre alors des éléments de réponse à la question suivante : comment se fait-il que les premiers marginalistes, après les avancées de l’utilitarisme classique vers une meilleure prise en compte, en économie, des femmes et des problèmes les affectant, aient renvoyé ces dernière dans ce qu’ils considèrent comme leur véritable place, le foyer ?John Stuart Mill and William Stanley Jevons are key representatives of transition to Marginalism in Economy. At the same time, they both claim to be a part of Utilitarianism, a philosophical theory known for its connections with feminism. Though, their demands about women are quite divergent: if Mill recommends egalitarian reforms and disagrees with Factory Acts restricting women’s employment, Jevons adheres to the whole of the restrictive laws passed in the 19th Century and advocates the prohibition of mothers of young children employment in factories. This apparent contradiction is solved if Mill and Jevons opposition is considered as a symbol of a more general break up between Classical Utilitarians and Early Marginalists on the question of women. Mill, on this subject, is in line with Classical Utilitarians: like them, he considers that women’s interests should be equal to men’s ones and he draws conclusions from that. He extends Jeremy Bentham’s – regarded as the father of Classical Utilitarianism – breakthroughs to a greater consideration of women’s interests by economists. As for Jevons, he appears to be representative of these authors from the latter third of 19th Century who admittedly raised the question of women but whose position seems to make a step backwards compared to their predecessors’. In this way, several Marginalists, like Marshall, define home as the ideal place of women’s expression, the place where they accomplish their primary function, reproduction. Analysis of Mill and Jevons opposition then gives elements of answer to the following question: How is it that Early Marginalists, after the Classical Utilitarians’ breakthroughs to a better consideration of women and their issues in economy, have sent them back to the place these men consider women belong – home?
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Sekerler, Richiardi Ayse Pelin. "Jevons et Walras : entre philosophie morale et économie sociale, un jalon dans la compréhension de la décision publique." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010035.
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Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur les manières dont deux économistes du XIXe siècle, W. S. Jevons et L. Walras, abordent la question du bien-être collectif et la prise de décision publique. Connus principalement pour leurs travaux en économie pure, ces auteurs s'intéressent également à la question sociale et proposent des solutions pour Y remédier. Jevons, conformément à son adhésion à la tradition utilitariste, estime que les interventions des autorités publiques doivent avoir pour objectif l'amélioration du bien-être collectif. Quant à Walras, il adopte un critère de justice qui relève du « droit naturel» et les propositions sociales qu'il préconise sont justifiées sur la base de leur conformité avec ce dernier. A l'issue du travail effectué dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons abouti à deux résultats principaux: 1)Les analyses de Jevons et Walras, deux économistes qui sont souvent considérés comme des « marginalistes » diffèrent fondamentalement non seulement dans leur analyse de l'économie pure mais également en termes d'économie du bien-être. 2)Il existe deux voies originales pour justifier les réformes sociales dans les œuvres de Jevons et Walras qui partagent des similarités importantes avec les théories modernes bien que ces auteurs ne fassent pas partie des jalons généralement retenus de l'histoire de l'économie du bien-être et de l'économie publique. Ces deux résultats nous conduisent à avancer que l'étude des approches de Jevons et de Walras peut contribuer à la formulation de nouvelles solutions à des problèmes rencontrés dans l'évaluation des différentes politiques publiques, car elles peuvent permettre de nuancer certains aspects des méthodes modernes.
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Bayon, Nathalie. "Eugène Spuller (1835-1896) : itinéraire d'un républicain entre Gambetta et le Ralliement." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30037.
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Ce travail est une biographie politique de Eugène Spuller(1835-1896), député opportuniste de la Seine puis de la Côte d'Or, ministre de l'Instruction publique et des Cultes à deux r prises, ministre des affaires étrangères, sénateur de la Côte d'Or, conseiller général. Ce personnage, dont le devenir semble lié à celui de Gambetta disparaît trés rapidement dès 1933, de la mémoire collective, alors que de son vivant il était considéré comme l'un des pères fondateurs de la Troisième république. L'étude de la vie d'Eugène Spuller coduit selon la méthode prosopographique, permet une analyse de "l'opportunisme" et permet également de s'interroger sur le processus de canonisation politique et sur la construction de la mémoire d'EtatRésumé : This work is a political biography of Eugène Spuller(1835-1896) : opportunist Member of Parliament elected from Paris' district, then from Dijon's district ; twice Secretary for Public instructi n and Religious Affairs, Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Senator from Dijon's district, and "Conseiller général". This character, whose life is linked to Gambetta's own life, disappears in 1933 from the collective memory ; though alive he was considered as being one of the most important fonder fathers of tht Third Republic. The study of Eugène's Spuller's life was led according to a prosopografic method, enabling an analysis of "oppotunism" and enables also to interrogate the process of political canonisation and the construction of State memory
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Soppelsa, Fernanda Bondam. "Regionalidade e tradução em Aventuras de Tom Sawyer, de Monteiro Lobato." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1075.
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Mark Twain, renomado autor realista e local colorist, é conhecido pelo seu estilo coloquial de escrever. A modalidade oral regional da língua inglesa é representada na fala dos personagens do romance The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Aventuras de Tom Sawyer). Nesta dissertação, é feita uma análise comparativa entre alguns trechos da obra original de Mark Twain, publicada em 1876, e da tradução feita por Monteiro Lobato, em 1934. A partir dos conceitos de regionalidade apresentados por Arendt (2012) e Stüben (2013), o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as especificidades culturais da obra original e verificar de que forma o tradutor, Lobato, as transpõe para o texto da língua-meta, o português brasileiro. Além disso, a partir da análise dos trechos selecionados, são identificadas as técnicas tradutórias utilizadas por Monteiro Lobato, com base nas propostas de Vinay e Dalbernet (1971), Barbosa (1990) e Hurtado Albir (2001). Duas línguas nunca serão suficientemente iguais para serem consideradas representativas de uma mesma realidade cultural, sendo possível analisar se há perdas e ganhos na tradução, como corrobora Bassnett (2005). Nos moldes de Venuti (1995), verifica-se se a tradução é sobretudo domesticadora ou estrangeirizadora.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-11-27T17:11:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Fernanda Bondam Soppelsa.pdf: 1404862 bytes, checksum: c9db702a15ee99a35256e0741dba0f7c (MD5)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, FAPERGS.
Mark Twain was a prominent realistic author and local colorist, known by his colloquial style of writing. He represents the regional oral modality of the English language in the speech of the characters in the novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Aventuras de Tom Sawyer). This master’s thesis aims at comparatively analyzing parts of the original work by Mark Twain, published in 1876, and the translation made by Monteiro Lobato, from 1934. Using the concepts of regionality from Arendt (2012) and Stüben (2013), the objective of this research is to analyze the cultural characteristics of the original novel and verify how the translator, Lobato, transposes the text to the target language, Brazilian Portuguese. In addition, the translational techniques used by Monteiro Lobato are identified, based on the proposals by Vinay and Dalbernet (1971), Barbosa (1990) and Hurtado Albir (2001). Two languages are never enough alike to be considered representative of the same cultural reality, so it is possible to analyze whether there are losses and gains in translation, as confirmed by Bassnett (2005). Following the ideas systematized by Venuti (1995), this work analyzes to what extend the selected translation is a domestication or keeps the cultural elements from the original novel.
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Missemer, Antoine. "L’analyse économique face à l’épuisement des ressources naturelles, de William Stanley Jevons à Harold Hotelling (1865-1931) : Le cas des énergies fossiles." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO22007.
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L’épuisement des énergies fossiles est un thème d’actualité dont les prémices datent, selon l’opinion courante, des années 1970 et du premier choc pétrolier. En réalité, c’est une préoccupation plus ancienne, intimement liée à l’ère industrielle. Dans la deuxième partie du XIXème siècle, les économistes se sont penchés sur la question de l'épuisement des minerais, ‘objet non identifié’ jusqu'alors et nécessitant la mise sur pied de nouveaux outils d'analyse (effet-rebond chez Jevons, rente minière chez Marshall-Einaudi notamment). Avec le progrès des techniques et l'apparition de nouvelles énergies (pétrole, hydro-électricité), leurs craintes de déclin industriel se sont progressivement dissipées dans les années 1910 et 1920. Mais ces évolutions tenant à l’histoire des faits ne sont pas les seules à considérer. Des facteurs internes à la discipline économique, comme l'émergence du marginalisme dans les années 1870 et de la théorie de l'épargne et du capital dans les années 1890, ont aussi changé le regard des économistes sur la question de l'épuisement des ressources. Pourquoi ? Comment ? Quels enseignements peut-on en tirer pour les défis environnementaux d'aujourd'hui ? Voilà les questions qui sont traitées dans ce travail de thèseFossil fuels exhaustion is a current topic. It is often said that its first presages appeared in the 1970s with the first oil shock. Actually, this exhaustion fear is much older than that, it started with the Industrial Revolution and kept going since then. In the second part of the 19th century, some economists focused their attention on the mineral resources depletion, which was at the time an ‘unknown item’ that necessitated the creation of new concepts and new analytical tools to deal with (for example Jevons’ rebound-effect, Marshall-Einaudi’s mining rent). In the 1910s and 1920s, thanks to technical progress and the development of new energies (oil, hydro-electricity), their fears about industrial decline progressively dissipated. Yet, these factual evolutions are not the only ones to consider. Internal factors, inside economic science (marginalism in the 1870s, capital theory in the 1890s), also shaped economists’ viewpoint on resources exhaustion. Why? How? What lessons can we get from this period for our current environmental challenges? These are the questions that are studied in this thesis
Books on the topic "1835-1882"
1
Darwin, Charles. Darwin en Chile: 1832-1835 : viaje de un naturalista alrededor del mundo. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Universitaria, 1996.
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N, Staines E. Journal of Eleonora (1833-1846): Daughter of the Revd. George Hallen curate of Rushock (1818-1835) in Canada (1835-1882). the author, 1997.
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Jevons, William Stanley. Economists' Papers: The Papers of William Stanley Jevons, 1835-1882, from the John Rylands University Library of Manchester. A. Matthew Publications, 1991.
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Economists' papers.: The papers of William Stanley Jevons, 1835-1882, from the John Rylands University Library of Manchester. Marlborough, Wiltshire, England: A. Matthew Publications, 1991.
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Fredeman, William E. Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti : The Formative Years, 1835-1862: Charlotte Street to Cheyne Walk. I. 1835-1854. Boydell & Brewer, Limited, 2016.
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Fredeman, William E. Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti Vol. 1: The Formative Years, 1835-1862 - Charlotte Street to Cheyne Walk, 1835-1854. Boydell & Brewer, Incorporated, 2002.
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Fredeman, William E. Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti : The Formative Years, 1835-1862: Charlotte Street to Cheyne Walk. II. 1855-1862. Boydell & Brewer, Limited, 2016.
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Fredeman, William E. Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti Vol. II : The Formative Years, 1835-1862: Charlotte Street to Cheyne Walk, 1855-1862. Boydell & Brewer, Incorporated, 2002.
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Fredeman, William E. The Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti: The Formative Years, 1835-1862: Charlotte Street to Cheyne Walk. II. 1855-1862 (Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti). D.S.Brewer, 2005.
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Benestad, Rasmus. Climate in the Barents Region. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.655.
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The Barents Sea is a region of the Arctic Ocean named after one of its first known explorers (1594–1597), Willem Barentsz from the Netherlands, although there are accounts of earlier explorations: the Norwegian seafarer Ottar rounded the northern tip of Europe and explored the Barents and White Seas between 870 and 890 ce, a journey followed by a number of Norsemen; Pomors hunted seals and walruses in the region; and Novgorodian merchants engaged in the fur trade. These seafarers were probably the first to accumulate knowledge about the nature of sea ice in the Barents region; however, scientific expeditions and the exploration of the climate of the region had to wait until the invention and employment of scientific instruments such as the thermometer and barometer. Most of the early exploration involved mapping the land and the sea ice and making geographical observations. There were also many unsuccessful attempts to use the Northeast Passage to reach the Bering Strait. The first scientific expeditions involved F. P. Litke (1821±1824), P. K. Pakhtusov (1834±1835), A. K. Tsivol’ka (1837±1839), and Henrik Mohn (1876–1878), who recorded oceanographic, ice, and meteorological conditions.The scientific study of the Barents region and its climate has been spearheaded by a number of campaigns. There were four generations of the International Polar Year (IPY): 1882–1883, 1932–1933, 1957–1958, and 2007–2008. A British polar campaign was launched in July 1945 with Antarctic operations administered by the Colonial Office, renamed as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS); it included a scientific bureau by 1950. It was rebranded as the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in 1962 (British Antarctic Survey History leaflet). While BAS had its initial emphasis on the Antarctic, it has also been involved in science projects in the Barents region. The most dedicated mission to the Arctic and the Barents region has been the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), which has commissioned a series of reports on the Arctic climate: the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) report, the Snow Water Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) report, and the Adaptive Actions in a Changing Arctic (AACA) report.The climate of the Barents Sea is strongly influenced by the warm waters from the Norwegian current bringing heat from the subtropical North Atlantic. The region is 10°C–15°C warmer than the average temperature on the same latitude, and a large part of the Barents Sea is open water even in winter. It is roughly bounded by the Svalbard archipelago, northern Fennoscandia, the Kanin Peninsula, Kolguyev Island, Novaya Zemlya, and Franz Josef Land, and is a shallow ocean basin which constrains physical processes such as currents and convection. To the west, the Greenland Sea forms a buffer region with some of the strongest temperature gradients on earth between Iceland and Greenland. The combination of a strong temperature gradient and westerlies influences air pressure, wind patterns, and storm tracks. The strong temperature contrast between sea ice and open water in the northern part sets the stage for polar lows, as well as heat and moisture exchange between ocean and atmosphere. Glaciers on the Arctic islands generate icebergs, which may drift in the Barents Sea subject to wind and ocean currents.The land encircling the Barents Sea includes regions with permafrost and tundra. Precipitation comes mainly from synoptic storms and weather fronts; it falls as snow in the winter and rain in the summer. The land area is snow-covered in winter, and rivers in the region drain the rainwater and meltwater into the Barents Sea. Pronounced natural variations in the seasonal weather statistics can be linked to variations in the polar jet stream and Rossby waves, which result in a clustering of storm activity, blocking high-pressure systems. The Barents region is subject to rapid climate change due to a “polar amplification,” and observations from Svalbard suggest that the past warming trend ranks among the strongest recorded on earth. The regional change is reinforced by a number of feedback effects, such as receding sea-ice cover and influx of mild moist air from the south.
Book chapters on the topic "1835-1882"
1
Black, R. D. Collison. "Jevons, William Stanley (1835–1882)." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–11. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1198-1.
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Maas, Harro. "Jevons, William Stanley (1835–1882)." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–14. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1198-2.
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Maas, Harro. "Jevons, William Stanley (1835–1882)." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 7115–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1198.
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Wierzbicki, Andrzej. "3. Józef Szujski (1835–1882)." In Nation and History, edited by Peter Brock, John Stanley, and Piotr J. Wróbel. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442627222-005.
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Suntum, Ulrich van. "William Stanley Jevons (1835–1882)." In Klassiker des ökonomischen Denkens Band 1, 267–86. C.H.Beck, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/9783406615436-267.
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"William Stanley Jevons (1835–1882)." In The History of Economic Thought, 446–76. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203568477-33.
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Cortazzi, Hugh. "Charles Wirgman (1835–1891):." In Georges Bigot and Japan, 1882-1889, 34–40. Renaissance Books, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv8pzbmb.5.
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Hardin, Garrett. "From Jevons's Coal to Hubbert's Pimple." In Living within Limits. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078114.003.0018.
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In a commercial society like ours it is understandable that money-makers should be the ones who pay the greatest attention to the implications of economics. Historians have been a breed apart, with most of them (until recently) paying little heed to the ways in which economics affects history. Yet surprisingly, a basis for the eventual integration of economics, ecology, and history was laid in the nineteenth century. The Victorian who tackled history from the economic side was William Stanley Jevons (1835-1882). The distinction made in the previous chapter between living in a area and living on it was a paraphrase of what Jevons wrote about the material basis of English prosperity: "The plains of North America and Russia are our cornfields; Chicago and Odessa our granaries; Canada and the Baltic are our timber forests; Australia contains our sheep farms, and in South America are our herds of oxen;.. . the Chinese grow tea for us, and our coffee, sugar, and spice plantations are in all the Indies. Spain and France are our vineyards, and the Mediterranean our fruit-garden.'" A century before the term "ghost acres" was coined, Jevons had clearly in mind the idea behind the term. Half a century before Jevons was born—in fact in the year the Bastille was stormed by French revolutionaries (1789)—an English mineral surveyer by the name of John Williams had asked, in The Limited Quantity of Coal of Britain, what would happen to the blessings of the industrial revolution when England no longer possessed the wherewithal to power the machinery that produced her wealth? Optimism is so deeply engrained a characteristic of busy people that this warning, like most first warnings, was little noted. It remained for Jevons to rouse the British public in 1865 with the publication of his book, The Coal Question. Jevons's life coincided in time with the period when the nature and significance of energy (in its prenuclear formulation) was becoming manifest to physical scientists. Since energy was needed to turn the wheels of industry, and coal was the most readily available source of energy, Jevons reasoned that the continued political dominance of Great Britain was dependent on the bounty of her coal. This naturally led to the double question, How long would English coal and the British Empire last?