Relevant bibliographies by topics / 1800s

Academic literature on the topic '1800s'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "1800s"

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McDonald, S. W. "Glasgow Resurrectionists." Scottish Medical Journal 42, no. 3 (June 1997): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693309704200307.

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The Napoleonic Wars and the colonial campaigns of the early 1800s created a great need for surgical training. Many of the cadavers used in Glasgow s schools of Anatomy were resurrected from local churchyards or imported from Ireland. In the 1820s, the activities of some resurrectionists showed gross insensitivity, with bodies being stolen before the funeral. In the early 1830s, cholera riots and the fear of “burking ” led to the Anatomy Bill of 1832 receiving the Royal Assent.
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Demidova, Olga. "Эпистолярия как литературные беседы: Письма Г. В. Адамовича А. В. Бахраху [_Epistolaria_ as Literary Conversations: Letters of Georgy Adamovich to Alexander Bacherac]." Slavica Revalensia 8 (2021): 238–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22601/sr.2021.08.08.

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This article is an attempt at close reading an extensive ego text (Georgy Adamovich’s letters to Alexander Bacherac of the 1940s – 1972) as a thirty-year-long literary conversation of two Russian émigré writers. Regarding the letters as a single cultural text, and relying on the hermeneutic and semiotic approaches, the article singles out three major layers of the text in question, and analyzes the textual body “inwardly,” i.e. starting from the purely existential-informational upper layer, proceeding to the layer of literary criticism, and finally reaching the layer of literary quotations and cultural allusions used as one of the basic devices forming Adamovich’s epistolary style. Comparing the letters with Adamovich’s famous Literary Conversations (Literaturnye besedy) of the 1920s, the author argues that in his correspondence with Bacherach Adamovich followed the tradition of the Russian friendly literary-philosophical discourse borrowed from the West in the 1800s and developed in the 1820s – 1830s by Alexander Pushkin and his circle. KEYWORDS: 20th-Century Russian Literature, Georgy Adamovich (1892—1972), Alexander Bacherac (1902—1985), Correspondence, History of Literature.
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Staton, Maria. "The Indian Maiden on the American stage, 1800s-1850s." Humanities Directory 2, no. 1 (February 5, 2014): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7563/hd_02_01_01.

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Liang, Hao, Yun Tan, Fang Ju Zhang, and Kai Zhang. "Compressive Properties of Mg-3Al-2Zn-2Y Alloy at Different Strain Rates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 327 (June 2013): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.327.13.

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The compressive properties of Mg-3Al-2Zn-2Y alloy at room temperature at strain rates in range of 0.001s-1~4800s-1were investigated. To the alloy compressed at 1300s-1, its basal and non-basal slip produce the mixed dislocation configuration including parallel, bended and tangled dislocation. There is significant twinning in the alloys compressed at 1800s-1and 4800s-1. The flow stress and ultimate trength show the strain rate hardening behavior at the range of 0.001s-1~1800s-1. There appears localized deformation zones formed with recrystal grains and twin crystals in the alloy compressed at 4800s-1, whose mechanical properties are lower than those of alloy compressed at 1800s-1.
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Simard, Hélène, and André Bouchard. "The precolonial 19th century forest of the Upper St. Lawrence Region of Quebec; a record of its exploitation and transformation through notary deeds of wood sales." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): 1670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-188.

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A method based upon the use of wood sales, recorded by notary deeds, was used to describe how the precolonial forest of the Upper St. Lawrence Region of Québec changed during the 19th century. The notary deeds, covering the period of 1800 to 1880, are conserved in the National Archives of Quebec, in Montréal. Wood sales of the different species were compared, for each decade, as well as the fluctuations of volumes sold in relation to price. The results show a succession of species, appearing and disappearing, in the recorded wood sales. The sales began, in the early 1800s, with bur oak (Quercusmacrocarpa Michx.), eastern white cedar (Thujaoccidentalis L.), white pine (Pinusstrobus L.), sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.), yellow birch (Betulaalleghaniensis Britton), and American beech (Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.). Oak sales reached their highest level in the first decade of the century, but this species was rapidly exhausted and disappeared completely from the market by the end of the 1840s. Similarly, pine was sold mostly during the 1820s. Sugar maple, yellow birch, and beech, sold for firewood during the 1820s and 1830s, were replaced gradually in the following decades by other species also used for firewood, such as black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) BSP), tamarack (Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch), hemlock (Tsugacanadensis (L.) Carrière), "plaine" (a mix of Acerrubrum L. and Acersaccharinum L.), American elm (Ulmusamericana L.), and ash (Fraxinus). The most valuable species were the first exploited for wood sales, and as they were depleted from the forest, they were replaced by others of less value. Throughout the 19th century, under the influence of this harvesting, the composition of the Upper St. Lawrence forest changed to become what it is today.
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Holmén, Janne. "Time and Space in Time and Space." Contributions to the History of Concepts 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/choc.2020.150206.

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Mental maps and historical consciousness, which describe the spatial and temporal dimensions of worldviews, are not, as commonly stated, twentieth century concepts. Historical consciousness was coined simultaneously by several German scholars in the mid-1800s. Mental maps, used in English since the 1820s, had a prominent role in US geography education from the 1880s. Since then, the concepts have traveled between practical-technical, educational, and academic vocabularies, cross fertilizing fields and contributing to the formation of new research questions. However, when these initial periods of reflection gave way to empirical investigation, strict intra-disciplinary definitions of the concepts have strengthened disciplinary borders by excluding the interpretations of the same concepts in other fields.
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Hohmann-Vogrin, Anna M. "Graz Grunderzeit." STORIA URBANA, no. 120 (July 2009): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/su2008-120009.

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- Graz in the Gründerzeit, the Era of Industrial Development Graz was an important military stronghold and commercial center in the mining basin of Styria. Archduke Johann of Hapsburg promoted the building of its first railway line in 1844, which was linked to the Vienna-Trieste line in 1857. Members of the rich industrial bourgeoisie were able to make investments that helped expand the city outside the walls, beginning with the 1830s. Graz's urban development plans were guided by criteria modeled after those of the Ring in Vienna. In the latter 1800s, Graz's projects for dealing with its increasing population reinforced this tendency, exemplified in the headquarters buildings of local political and economic powers, which give its outer rings its characteristic stately elegance.
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Beltran-Garcia, Miguel J., and James F. White. "Introduction to Special Issue: Plant Microbiome Augmentation and Stimulation—New Strategies to Grow Crops with Reduced Agrochemicals." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (September 6, 2021): 1887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091887.

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Farr, Kathryn Ann. "Shaping Policy Through Litigation: Abortion Law in the United States." Crime & Delinquency 39, no. 2 (April 1993): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128793039002003.

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The criminalization of abortion in the United States began in the early 1800s and was nearly universal by the late 1800s. It was not until the middle of the 1900s that abortion reform gained momentum, culminating in 1973 in the Roe v. Wade decision that protected women's right to abortion. In this article it is argued that since Roe, litigation has been increasingly used to shape abortion policy. The rise of such litigation, as well as the kinds of issues and concerns raised by litigants, are described. The role played by the Supreme Court in changing the legal status of abortion is examined.
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Houston, James. "SHORELINE RESPONSE TO FUTURE SEA LEVEL RISE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.sediment.60.

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Florida, United States, has shoreline change measurements starting in the 1800s with spacing of about every 300 m. In addition, due to extensive shoreline development and tourism, processes causing shoreline change have been studied extensively. The 1160-km east and 275-km southwest shorelines advanced seaward on average from the 1800s even before widespread beach nourishment and despite sea level rise. Shoreline advance despite sea level rise has been noted along other coasts such as the Netherlands central coast (Stive and de Vriend, 1995). In contrast, the 335-km Florida west coast retreated landward on average almost 30 m from 1867 to 2015.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1800s"

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Shah, Neet. "Early Psychiatry: From Ancient Times to the late 1800s." The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626594.

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Bozeva-Abazi, Katrin. "The shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian national identities, 1800s-1900s." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19473.

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The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions. The historical data examined demonstrate that before the establishment of their sovereign states ordinary Serbs and Bulgarians had only a vague idea, if any, of their national identity. The peasantry was accustomed to defining itself in terms of religion, locality and occupation, not in terms of nationality. Once the nation state was established peasants had to be indoctrinated in nationalism. The inculcation was executed through the schooling system, military conscription, the Christian Orthodox Church, and the press. It was through the channels of these state institutions that a national identity came into existence.
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Skaria, Ajay. "A forest polity in western India : the Dangs; 1800s-1920s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335238.

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Lafont, Anne. "Une Jeunesse artistique sous la Révolution : Giro det avant 1800s." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040152.

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La thèse porte sur la première carrière du peintre Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (1767-1824) c'est-à-dire sur son activité depuis le début de son pensionnat parisien en 1774 jusqu'à sa première commande professionnelle en 1800. Son œuvre de jeunesse est étudié sous deux aspects principaux : l'ambition que Girodet donna à ces années d'expérience et d'apprentissage qu'il savait éphémères, et les conséquences favorables de la Révolution française (conjoncture historique particulière) sur son audace artistique. L'essai est articulé en neuf chapitres au cours desquels la vie du jeune peintre est reconstituée précisément (ses rencontres artistiques les plus décisives sont étudiées ; ses quêtes esthétiques sont identifiées ; ses conditions de vie matérielles et son entourage sont également révélés) et deux derniers chapitres analysant son style tant au plan formel que thématique. Le catalogue de 144 notices est à la fois le fondement de l'essai et son complément indispensable
The dissertation examines the early career of the painter Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (1767-1824) : his activity from the beginning of his Parisian studies in 1774 until his first professional commission in 1800. Two principal aspects of his early work are examined : the ambitions Girodet brought to these years of apprenticeship and experimentation (which he knew would not be long-lasting), and the favorable consequences of the French Revolution (a unique historical moment) on his artistic audacity. The essay is divided into nine chapters which reconstitute the life of the young painter (his most decisive encounters with other artists are considered, his aesthetic investigations are identified, the material conditions of his life and his social network are explored) and two final chapters analyze his style, both on the formal and the thematic level. The catalogue of 144 entries is at once the foundation of the essay and its indispensable complement
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Lewis, Mischka Jade. "Artistic Interventions in the Historical Remembering of Cape slavery, c.1800s." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8076.

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Magister Artium - MA
This mini-thesis thesis intends to grapple with silences by looking the possibilities of reconceptualising archives through notions of “traces,” “absence,” and “fragments.” Examining archives as bodies of knowledge, a window to telling us something about pastpresent- future representations is to think about navigating archives of colonialism and slavery as sites of historical memory. The aim of this paper is to enter the pedagogical problem of remembering and gendered representational voids by seeking to explore how artistic representations offer insights in the absence of detail in the colonial archives. In exploring the relationship between bodies, remembering and the historical trauma of slavery and colonialisation, specifically in relation to historical corporeal and flesh narratives attached to indigenous black women, and how women negotiate these meanings through embodied interventions in (post-) slavery South Africa. The positioning of the body as an archive probes questions on how the memory of traumatic wounding in a (post-)slavery South Africa body politics are inscribed to convey meaning, memory and identity. The notions of embodiment that this thesis is concerned with asks in what ways can we creatively and imaginatively re-construct, outside of conventional historiographies and knowledge(s), that which has been disembowled through colonial dominating narratives of enslaved subjects?
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Cameron, D. M. "The contest over the control of the nineteenth-century universities of Scotland and England." Thesis, Open University, 1986. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54197/.

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This thesis studies the reform of the nineteenth century universities of Scotland and England in terms of the conflict between the aristocracy, the professions and the mercantile section of the middle class. A methodology has been developed that draws on the secondary sources on the universities to identify the main characters involved in certain debates relating to university reform. The work consists of the study of the original correspondence of the central persons involved in specific changes in the two university systems. These sources have been set into a context constructed from the study of newspaper reports, pamphlets, essays, speeches and other accessible pieces. A background chapter on the main contrasts betw--en the university systems in Scotland and England in the years before the Victorian age is followed by three chapters that focus on parellel developments in the two university systems in three distinct periods. By juxtaposing the events in (1) the 1820s and 1830s, (2) the 1850s and (3) the 1870s and 1880s the thesis indicates that differences in the reforms of the various parts of the systems in the two countries can be related to the resolution of local compromises between the aristocracy, the professions and the mercantile wing of the middle class that reflected the relative strength of those classes in the local areas. By concentrating on events in this way the thesis draws conclusions which cast doubt on the analysis presented by G. E. Davie in his work 'The Democratic Intellect'. The study concludes that the ideas associated with the three identified contending interest groups had a divergent impact on Oxford and Cambridge, on the universities of Scotland and on the newer civic universities as the century unfolded.
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Techapinyawat, Rheana. "The Evolution of Opium and Anesthesia: From the Ancient Sumerians to 1800s." The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626597.

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Smith, Neville Benjamin. "The history of vocational education's role in educating the disadvantaged, 1800s to 1963." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27988.

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Garnett, E. J. "Aspects of the relationship between Protestant ethics and economic activity in mid-Victorian England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381860.

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Persson, Petter. "Maximum element temperature for Kanthal Super 1800S in flowing nitrogen atmosphere with low content of oxygen." Thesis, Uppsala University, Materials Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121411.

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Abstract

The behavior for MoSi2 based high temperature heating elements for resistive heating has been examined in elevated temperature and low oxygen content environment. MoSi2 spontaneously forms a protective SiO2 scale at high temperature if the amount of oxygen in the ambient atmosphere is sufficient according to the following reaction:

5MoSi2 + 7O2(g)  7SiO2 + Mo5Si3

If the oxygen content at a specific temperature is too low, SiO(g) is more stable than SiO2 and the following reaction will occur instead:

2SiO2  2SiO(g) + O2(g)

Then surface will be Si-deplated and finally, the base material will be exposed. Si and Mo will oxidize and degas from the surface as SiO and MoO3 with severe diameter reduction of the heating element as a result. It is therefore of high interest to find the relationship between the maximum element temperature and the oxygen content in the ambient atmosphere to be able to fully exploit the potential of the heating elements and also to aid and help diagnose customer complaints.

 

After 14 full scale tests in a custom made atmospheric furnace, the following equation could be calculated:

p(O2) = 1.748·100.01677·T·log(e)-10

The equation gives the minimum oxygen content at a specified temperature. The equation is based on 100 hours tests at atmospheric pressure, gas flow rate of 4 liter per minute, varying temperature and varying oxygen content. Nitrogen has been used as carrier gas for the oxygen.

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Books on the topic "1800s"

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1943-, Miller James, ed. The 1800s. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2001.

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Porter, Tom. Annalong in the 1800s. Newcastle, Co. Down (20 Donard Fold): Tom Porter, 1997.

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Schimpky, David. Children's clothing of the 1800s. Oxford: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1995.

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Women writers: Voices from the 1800s. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2005.

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Hladish, Kathryn. Harmony happenings: Late 1800s to 1993. Park Falls, Wis: Weber & Sons, 1994.

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Way, Megan McDonald. Family Economics and Public Policy, 1800s–Present. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-43963-5.

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Foster, Elizabeth Carroll. Virginia Carrolls and their neighbors, 1618-1800s. Bowie, Md: Heritage Books, 1999.

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Rau, Dana Meachen. Arctic adventure: Inuit life in the 1800s. Norwalk, Conn: Soundprints, 1997.

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Chastain, Zachary. Scandals and glory: Politics in the 1800s. Broomall, Pa: Mason Crest Publishers, 2011.

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1956-, Thornton Harold, ed. Labor in Queensland: From the 1800s to 1988. St Lucia, Qld., Australia: University of Queensland Press, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "1800s"

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Sears, Clare. "Centering Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Queer History (1800s–1890s)." In The Routledge History of Queer America, 39–51. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315747347-4.

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Pizzato, Mark. "Romanticism, Melodrama, and Minstrelsy (1800s)." In Mapping Global Theatre Histories, 167–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12727-5_9.

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Grattan-Guinness, Ivor. "Institutions and individuals around the 1800s." In Convolutions in French Mathematics, 1800–1840, 76–125. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7811-1_2.

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Easttom, William. "History of Cryptography to the 1800s." In Modern Cryptography, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63115-4_1.

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Easttom, William. "History of Cryptography from the 1800s." In Modern Cryptography, 27–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63115-4_2.

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Easttom, Chuck. "History of Cryptography to the 1800s." In Modern Cryptography, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12304-7_1.

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Easttom, Chuck. "History of Cryptography from the 1800s." In Modern Cryptography, 29–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12304-7_2.

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Grattan-Guinness, Ivor. "Institutions and individuals around the 1800s." In Convolutions in French Mathematics, 1800–1840, 76–125. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9125-7_2.

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Bevis, Teresa Brawner. "Education Exchange in America in the 1800s." In A World History of Higher Education Exchange, 69–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12434-2_4.

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Johnson, Benjamin. "Advances in Organic Chemistry, Catalysis, and the Chemical Industry." In Making Ammonia, 29–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85532-1_3.

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AbstractAs we saw in the last section, the modern understanding of chemistry began in the second half of the eighteenth century with the advances of Antoine Lavoisier and others, and further contributions from John Dalton and Jöns Jacob Berzelius in the early 1800s. This period saw the emergence of organic chemistry, which, with the help of new conceptual and experimental tools, established itself as a discipline separate from inorganic chemistry over the next half century. The researchers of this period encountered considerable confusion due to the complexities and behavior of organic structures. Aided by increasingly accurate elementary analysis, they nevertheless made significant advances based on the empirical studies of structure chemistry. While these developments, along with other factors, helped the chemical and dye industries make large strides in chemical synthesis, the conceptual and experimental tools did not supply sufficient understanding of chemical systems to enable ammonia synthesis from the elements. Here we will focus on two developments that illustrate the experimentally-based approach to organic chemistry in the 1800s in order to frame the conceptual leap in physical chemistry toward the end of the century that led to Fritz Haber’s breakthrough.
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Conference papers on the topic "1800s"

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Johansson, P., and P. Wahlgren. "Experiences from Interior Super Insulation of a Brick Wall from the 1800s." In XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. CIMNE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.065.

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Popp, Ivan Aleksandrovich. "BASHKIR POPULATION AT TOWNSHIP COURT IN THE 1860S-1880S." In Историческая наука и историческое образование в условиях глобальных трансформаций. Екатеринбург: [б.и.], 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54351/978-5-7186-1774-0_2021_25_43.

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Popp, Ivan Aleksandrovich. "BASHKIR POPULATION AT TOWNSHIP COURT IN THE 1860S-1880S." In Историческая наука и историческое образование в условиях глобальных трансформаций. Екатеринбург: [б.и.], 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26170/978-5-7186-1774-0_2021_25_43.

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Kirilina, Liubov. "The Women's Issue in Slovenian Journalism (1870s - mid-1890s)." In Woman in the heart of Europe: non-obvious aspects of gender in the history and culture of Central Europe and adjacent regions. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0475-6.11.

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Kobakhidze, Elena. "Judicial System In The North Caucasus In The 1820S-1850S." In International Scientific Conference «Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism» dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Turkayev Hassan Vakhitovich. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.261.

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Kotov, Viktor. "The Sokol Movement and Gender Relations in the Czech Lands in the 1860s - Early 1870s." In Woman in the heart of Europe: non-obvious aspects of gender in the history and culture of Central Europe and adjacent regions. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0475-6.12.

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Медведева, Т. В. "Франтишек Иезбера в кругу русских славистов." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.37.

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The article is devoted to the relations of the Czech philologist F. Iezbera in Russia in the 1860–1880s and it is based on archival materials. Among the correspondents of Iezbera were suchfigures as A. F. Gilferding, M. F. Rayevsky, V. V. Makushev, P. A. Lavrovsky, I. S. Aksakov. The correspondence discusses the history of Slavic languages, the attitude of the Czechs to Russia and the publication of the newspaper “Slovenin” in the 1860s.
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"Rebecca Harding Davis’s Writing of American Women’s Changing Structure of Feeling in the Transition Period (1860s-1890s)." In 2019 International Conference on Advances in Literature, Arts and Communication. The Academy of Engineering and Education (AEE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35532/jahs.v1.015.

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Gattuso, Caterina, Marco Castriota, Philomène Gattuso, and Francesca Saggio. "Memoria e conoscenza. Il castello di Belmonte in Calabria." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11486.

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Memory and knowledge. The castle of Belmonte in CalabriaA small A small village located in Italy on the Calabrian Tyrrhenian coast, Belmonte Calabro has its historic center with a typical medieval urban structure that has remained almost unchanged over the centuries and is characterized by the presence of the ruins of a castle and its surrounding environments whose. The planimetry succeeds to be identified because it is bordered by a wall, only partially preserved, pronounced by towers and marked by a road that, in its main points still existing, follows its development. The castle, built on the hill’s top of a tuff nature, in an elevated position respect to the urban core, had a plan with a roughly quadrangular shape with four imposing square towers. Of particular note is its curtain wall that originally had four doors, which opened in correspondence at the four cardinal points. In addition to having suffered several collapses in many parts of its structure due to the various earthquakes that occurred over time, as well as various looting and the siege by the French artillery dating back to the early 1800s, the castle is currently subjected to degrading actions due to the attack of biological type, which manifests itself with a widespread presence of patinas, as well as those due to a thick weed vegetation that affects many of the surfaces of its structure. The study aims to provide a useful contribution to reconstructing the profile of the original structure of the ancient castle. To obtain, therefore, more information about it, a specific survey plan was developed to characterize its constituent materials and also its state of preservation. To this end, in correspondence of structural parts still intact, samples were collected that were analyzed and characterized in the laboratory by Raman Spectroscopy.
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Varvaro, Stefania. "Protection and reuse of a forgotten heritage: the Parmesan cheese buildings. Notes for a widespread museum in the lower Reggio Emilia plain." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15285.

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The content of this proposal is a reflection on the landscape of the low Reggio Emilia plain and on the material traces still present in the area linked to the artisanal production of Parmigiano Reggiano (Parmesan) cheese dating back to the 1700s and 1800s. We refer in particular to the agricultural system related to the production of forage and high quality grass to obtain the so-called “white gold”, milk - the raw material for making cheese - and to the architectural buildings used for artisanal dairy production. These structures, called caselli, are much more numerous in the province of Reggio Emilia (the Dairy Charter of 1911 lists 711 caselli), compared to Parma and Modena, despite the fact that Parmigiano Reggiano has always characterized the economy of these areas. This kind of architecture, is characterized by buildings of reduced proportions, with a central, square or polygonal, plan, structurally set on a central pillar around which the processing phases of the cheese production were organized. With perimeters defined by brick walls, bearing on the edges and characterized by jealous paneling on the sides, they are a testimony of valuable constructive knowledge. The grid infills, designed to calibrate air and light, transform them into essential components for the cheese production. Starting from the idea of a widespread museum in the area, close to H. de Varine's thought on the ecomuseum, some design guidelines are established for the enhancement of this production tradition and its agricultural landscape. The rapid evolution of dairy technology on the one hand, and the changes in the territory on the other, have compromised the interpretation of a system that in the tradition of knowledge, techniques and materials had characterized a territory for at least two centuries.
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Reports on the topic "1800s"

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Jones, Lee, Jenny Powers, and Stephen Sweeney. Department of the Interior: History and status of bison health. National Park Service, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2280100.

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The North American plains bison once numbered in the tens of millions, but only around 1,000 individuals remained by the late 1800s. Through the actions of private individuals and organizations, the establishment of a few protected, federally managed, herds saved the subspecies from extinction and today the Department of the Interior (DOI) supports ap-proximately 11,000 plains bison in 19 herds across 12 states. DOI chartered the Bison Conservation Initiative in 2008, which established a framework for bison conservation and restoration on appropriate lands within the species’ histori-cal range. With the recent announcement of the 2020 DOI Bison Conservation Initiative, DOI outlined a diverse range of accomplishments made under the 2008 Initiative and re-affirmed the commitment to work with partners in support of managing bison as native wildlife. Both the 2008 and 2020 DOI Bison Conservation Initiatives endorse a holistic approach, addressing health and genetic considerations, and recommend managing DOI bison herds together as a metapopulation to conserve genetic diversity by restoring gene flow. Bison conservation and restoration efforts must consider the significance of disease in bison herds and apply a multi-jurisdictional, multi-stakeholder approach to the management of bison on large landscapes. Robust herd health surveillance programs, both in the donor and recipient herds, along with strong partnerships and communication, are needed to protect the century-long success of DOI bison conservation and stewardship. This report discusses overarching principles affecting bison health decisions in DOI herds and provides detailed baseline herd health history and management, providing a foundation upon which the 2020 Bison Conservation Initiative vision for DOI bison stewardship can be realized.
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Dupont, Brandon, and Joshua Rosenbloom. Wealth Mobility in the 1860s. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27968.

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Rockoff, Hugh. The Capital Market in the 1850s. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0011.

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A., Šeļa. Russian songs corpus 1800-1840ss. Institute of Russian Literature, Russian Academy of Science, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/openlit-2019.11-c003.

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Crossfield, Don. Tools of American Mathematics Teaching, 1800-2000. Washington, DC: The MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/loci002860.

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Boustan, Leah Platt, Devin Michelle Bunten, and Owen Hearey. Urbanization in the United States, 1800-2000. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19041.

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Keller, Wolfgang, and Carol Shiue. China’s Foreign Trade and Investment, 1800-1950. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27558.

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Elliott, J. Request for Comments Summary RFC Numbers 1800-1899. RFC Editor, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1899.

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O'Rourke, Kevin, and Jeffrey Williamson. After Columbus: Explaining the Global Trade Boom 1500-1800. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8186.

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Mancall, Peter, Joshua Rosenbloom, and Thomas Weiss. Agricultural Labor Productivity in the Lower South, 1720-1800. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8375.

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