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1
Garrote, R. L., R. A. Bertone, E. R. Silva, and A. Avalle. "Note. Comparison of Two Rapid Methods of Lipoxygenase Assay in Blanched Green Peas, Green Beans and Potatoes." Food Science and Technology International 7, no. 2 (April 2001): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108201320100700211.
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Two rapid methods, methylene blue bleaching (MBB) and potassium iodide-starch (KI-S), for lipoxygenase assay in blanched green peas, cut green beans and diced potatoes were evaluated and compared, using as a reference a quantitative spectrophotometric procedure for lipoxygenase (LPO) activity determination. Green peas (diameter - 10-II mm), cut green beans (diameter = 10 mm; length = 20 mm) and diced potatoes (cubes of 10 mm) were water blanched at 100 'C; heating times ranged between 10 and 40 seconds. For visual comparison of the methods, two times were registered: starting time, when the color began to change, and final time, when the color change fully developed. Both rapid visual methods (MBB and KI-S) showed good performance in detecting LPO in blanched vegetable samples. KI-S method was more sensitive than MBB procedure, with its detection limit between 0.70 and 1.80 LPO units/g, depending on the product. Additionally, FT was 180 seconds for KI-S method as compared to 600 seconds for MBB procedure, therefore, KI-S method is recommended as the best option for a rapid assay of LPO in the vegetables studied.
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Sorimachi, Takatoshi, Hiroshi Abe, Shigekazu Takeuchi, and Ryuichi Tanaka. "Ischemic depolarization monitoring: evaluation of protein synthesis in the hippocampal CA1 after brief unilateral ischemia in a gerbil model." Journal of Neurosurgery 97, no. 1 (July 2002): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.97.1.0104.
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Object. The authors investigate whether depolarization monitoring is an accurate index of ischemic damage in a gerbil model of unilateral ischemia and assess the effects of brief cerebral ischemia on protein synthesis in this model. Methods. The authors evaluate the relationship between the duration of ischemic depolarization caused by unilateral carotid artery occlusion and ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the CA1 subregion 7 days after ischemia. When the depolarization period exceeded 210 seconds, some neuronal damage was detected, and almost complete neuronal damage was observed when the period exceeded 400 seconds. Uptake of [14C]valine was evaluated in ischemic and nonischemic CA1 subregions. Disturbances in protein synthesis were seen in all animals subjected to sublethal ischemia (≤ 210-second depolarization) after a 10-minute recirculation, and after 2 and 6 hours of recirculation in animals with 90 seconds or more of depolarization. Inhibition of protein synthesis was proportional to the length of the depolarization period. After 1 and 3 days of recirculation, protein synthesis returned to near normal, and some animals with depolarizations greater than 180 to 210 seconds showed an increase in protein synthesis. Protein synthesis in all animals returned to normal levels after 7 days of recirculation. Conclusions. In this study the authors demonstrate that monitoring of ischemic depolarization is a useful method to predict neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 in this model, and they identify subtle changes in protein synthesis after brief ischemia. Sublethal ischemia was divided into three categories by its depolarization period (< 90 seconds, 90–180 seconds, and > 180–210 seconds) with regard to changes in protein synthesis.
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Rinaldi, R. Gustav, Muhammad Anton Kuncoro, and Yesiana Arimurti. "PERBANDINGAN PENGISIAN KAPASITOR OLEH PIEZOELEKTRIK DENGAN BATERI." Prosiding SNFA (Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Aplikasinya) 3 (February 28, 2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v3i0.28522.
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<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong><strong> </strong>This study aims to compare the charging of capacitors by piezoelectric with batteries. The research method is tapping a 2.7 cm diameter piezoelectric using a finger with a frequency of 30 bpm, 60 bpm, 90 bpm, 120 bpm, 150 bpm and 180 bpm to fill a capacitor of 47 uF which is observed every 10 seconds for 90 seconds. The 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 bpm beats respectively produced the capacitor end voltage of 575 mV, 882 mV, 980 mV, 1337 mV, 1383 mV, and 1444 mV. After that, the relationship between the beat frequency and the final voltage of the capacitor is analyzed to be compared with charging the capacitor by the battery.<strong></strong></p><p class="KeywordsEngish"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengisian kapasitor oleh piezoelektrik dengan baterai. Metode peneltian berupa mengetuk sebuah piezoelektrik berdiameter 2,7 cm menggunakan jari tangan dengan frekuensi 30 bpm, 60 bpm, 90 bpm, 120 bpm, 150 bpm, dan 180 bpm untuk mengisi kapasitor sebesar 47 uF yang tegangannya diamati setiap 10 detik selama 90 detik. Ketukan 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, dan 180 bpm secara berturut – turut menghasilkan tegangan akhir kapasitor sebesar 575 mV, 882 mV, 980 mV, 1337 mV, 1383 mV, dan 1444 mV. Setelah itu, hubungan antara frekuensi ketukan dan tegangan akhir kapasitor dianalsisis untuk dibandingkan dengan pengisian kapasitor oleh baterai.</p>
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Prasanko, Andika Wahyu, Dwi Djumhariyanto, and Agus Triono. "ANALISIS PARAMETER INJECTION MOLDING TERHADAP WAKTU SIKLUS DAN CACAT FLASH PRODUK TUTUP BOTOL 180 ML MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI." ROTOR 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/rotor.v10i1.5147.
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At present plastic becomes inseparable from human life especially in the food and beverage industry. One of the methods used in the manufacturing process of plastic products is injection molding. Injection molding is one of manufacturing technique that consists of a series of cyclical processes and is used to produce thermoplastic materials. The effect of the combination of process parameters impact on the product results such as the quantity and quality of the product, the non-conformity of the parameters causes the production to be not optimal. One method that can be used for optimization is the taguchi method. The taguchi method is a set of special matrices called orthoghonal arrays that are used as reference in the determination combination of parameters and level values. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal cycle time and net of the product on the process of making 180 ml bottle cap but by minimizing flash defects. The method used in this phase is ANOVA, and the calculation of taguchi method by using minitab 16 software. From the result of the research, the result of optimal condition is combination injection pressure 1320 bar, injection speed 50 mm/s, holding pressure 300 bar, and nozzle temperature 255oC produces a cycle time value of 15.72 seconds and netto 3.56 grams. This result is better than the setting of the company that produces 16.66 seconds cycle time and entered in the net range of 4 ± 0.5 grams resulting in an increase in production of 5.97%. While with combination of injection pressure 1280 bar, injection speed 50 mm / s, holding pressure 300 bar, and nozzle temperature 245oC resulted in fewer number of flash defects compared to company setting that is 12 units from 80 units of sample.
Keywords: flash deffect, injection molding, taguchi method, cycle time
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Alpöz, A. Rıza, Fahinur Ertuḡrul, Dilsah Cogulu, Aslı Topaloḡlu Ak, Metin Tanoḡlu, and Elçin Kaya. "Effects of Light Curing Method and Exposure Time on Mechanical Properties of Resin Based Dental Materials." European Journal of Dentistry 02, no. 01 (January 2008): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697351.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate microhardness and compressive strength of composite resin (Tetric-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent), compomer (Compoglass, Ivoclar, Vivadent), and resin modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC, GC Corp) polymerized using halogen light (Optilux 501, Demetron, Kerr) and LED (Bluephase C5, Ivoclar Vivadent) for different curing times.Methods: Samples were placed in disc shaped plastic molds with uniform size of 5 mm diameter and 2 mm in thickness for surface microhardness test and placed in a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 2 mm teflon cylinders for compressive strength test. For each subgroup, 20 samples for microhardness (n=180) and 5 samples for compressive strength were prepared (n=45). In group 1, samples were polymerized using halogen light source for 40 seconds; in group 2 and 3 samples were polymerized using LED light source for 20 seconds and 40 seconds respectively. All data were analyzed by two way analysis of ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests.Results: Same exposure time of 40 seconds with a low intensity LED was found similar or more efficient than a high intensity halogen light unit (P>.05), however application of LED for 20 seconds was found less efficient than 40 seconds curing time (P=.03).Conclusions: It is important to increase the light curing time and use appropriate light curing devices to polymerize resin composite in deep cavities to maximize the hardness and compressive strength of restorative materials. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:37-42)
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Mitkovic, Milan, Sasa Milenkovic, Ivan Micic, Igor Kostic, Predrag Stojiljkovic, and Milorad Mitkovic. "Operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy time in different internal fixation methods for subtrochanteric fractures treatment." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 146, no. 9-10 (2018): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh180220042m.
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Introduction/Objective. Subtrochanteric fractures are unstable, tending to a varus, antecurvatum, and shortening deformity. The aim of this paper was to compare operation time and fluoroscopy time between different internal fixation methods in the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. Method. The prospective study of the group of 27 patients with a subtrochanteric fracture treated by the SIF (selfdynamisable internal fixator with a trochanteric unit) method had been done. Operation time and fluoroscopy time values from this group were compared to the same parameters data from the literature for intramedullary (IM) nails, proximal femur locking plates (PF-LCP), dynamic condylar screws (DCS), and the 95?-angled blade plate. Results. In the SIF group, operation time was 62.2 (25?140) minutes and fluoroscopy time was 43 (20?95) s. Average operation time from the literature data was: 102.1 (43?181) minutes for IM nail, 94.2 (75?129) minutes for PF-LCP, 105.3 (70?166) minutes for DCS and 221.5 (171?272) minutes for blade plate. Average fluoroscopy time from the literature data was: 109.6 (34?250) seconds for IM nail, 102.3 (47?180) seconds for PF-LCP, 238 seconds for DCS. Operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy time were higher in IM nail, PF-LCP, DCS and blade plate comparing to SIF method (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The above mentioned difference could be explained by a degree of required accuracy in the initial operative technique maneuvers, by used number of screws and by the type of the fracture reduction performance in different fixation methods. Operation time during IM nailing of subtrochanteric fractures sometimes can be shorter than average operation time in SIF method, what could be explained by the skill of the surgeon to perform as fast closed reduction for insertion of guide wire.
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Grap, MJ, C. Glass, M. Corley, and T. Parks. "Endotracheal suctioning: ventilator vs manual delivery of hyperoxygenation breaths." American Journal of Critical Care 5, no. 3 (May 1, 1996): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1996.5.3.192.
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BACKGROUND: Despite a large number of studies on endotracheal suctioning, there is little data on the impact of clinically practical hyperoxygenation techniques on physiologic parameters in critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the manual and mechanical delivery of hyperoxygenation before and after endotracheal suctioning using methods commonly employed in clinical practice. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used, with twenty-nine ventilated patients with a lung injury index of 1.54 (mild-moderate lung injury). Three breaths were given before and after each of two suction catheter passes using both the manual resuscitation bag and the ventilator. Arterial pressure, capillary oxygen saturation, heart rate, and cardiac rhythm were monitored for 1 minute prior to the intervention to obtain a baseline, continuously throughout the procedure, and for 3 minutes afterward. Arterial blood gases were collected immediately prior to the suctioning intervention, immediately after, and at 30, 60, 120, and 180 seconds after the intervention. Data were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Arterial oxygen partial pressures were significantly higher using the ventilator method. Peak inspiratory pressures during hyperoxygenation were significantly higher with the manual resuscitation bag method. Significant increases were observed in mean arterial pressure during and after suctioning, with both delivery methods, with no difference between methods. Maximal increases in arterial oxygen partial pressure and arterial oxygen saturation occurred 30 seconds after hyperoxygenation, falling to baseline values at 3 minutes for both methods. CONCLUSION: Using techniques currently employed in clinical practice, these findings support the use of the patient's ventilator for hyperoxygenation during suctioning.
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Weiss, HJ, VT Turitto, HR Baumgartner, Y. Nemerson, and T. Hoffmann. "Evidence for the presence of tissue factor activity on subendothelium." Blood 73, no. 4 (March 1, 1989): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v73.4.968.968.
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Abstract By a variety of methods, tissue factor activity was demonstrated in the subendothelium of rabbit aorta and human umbilical artery. In one method, everted segments of de-endothelialized vessels were mounted in an annular perfusion chamber and the subendothelial surface was exposed to nonanticoagulated human blood under controlled flow. Procoagulant activity was assessed by measuring fibrin deposition on subendothelium and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels in post chamber blood. Both fibrin deposition and FPA were decreased with rabbit vessel segments exposed (at a shear rate of 650 seconds-1) to blood from patients with factor VII deficiency and with umbilical artery segments (at shear rates of 90 to 180 seconds-1) that had been pretreated with a monoclonal antibody to human tissue factor. In a second method, everted umbilical artery segments were mounted on a stir bar and the subendothelial surface was exposed, with stirring, to plasma or purified coagulation factors. The capacity of the surface to clot plasma on addition of calcium was inhibited by the antibody to tissue factor. The surface also activated purified 3H-factor X in the presence of factor VIIa, but not in its absence, and this surface property was almost entirely eliminated by pretreating the vessel segments with antitissue factor. Tissue factor activity in subendothelium could play a role in both the arrest of bleeding and in promoting the formation of thrombi at sites of vascular injury.
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Weiss, HJ, VT Turitto, HR Baumgartner, Y. Nemerson, and T. Hoffmann. "Evidence for the presence of tissue factor activity on subendothelium." Blood 73, no. 4 (March 1, 1989): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v73.4.968.bloodjournal734968.
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By a variety of methods, tissue factor activity was demonstrated in the subendothelium of rabbit aorta and human umbilical artery. In one method, everted segments of de-endothelialized vessels were mounted in an annular perfusion chamber and the subendothelial surface was exposed to nonanticoagulated human blood under controlled flow. Procoagulant activity was assessed by measuring fibrin deposition on subendothelium and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels in post chamber blood. Both fibrin deposition and FPA were decreased with rabbit vessel segments exposed (at a shear rate of 650 seconds-1) to blood from patients with factor VII deficiency and with umbilical artery segments (at shear rates of 90 to 180 seconds-1) that had been pretreated with a monoclonal antibody to human tissue factor. In a second method, everted umbilical artery segments were mounted on a stir bar and the subendothelial surface was exposed, with stirring, to plasma or purified coagulation factors. The capacity of the surface to clot plasma on addition of calcium was inhibited by the antibody to tissue factor. The surface also activated purified 3H-factor X in the presence of factor VIIa, but not in its absence, and this surface property was almost entirely eliminated by pretreating the vessel segments with antitissue factor. Tissue factor activity in subendothelium could play a role in both the arrest of bleeding and in promoting the formation of thrombi at sites of vascular injury.
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Afolabi, Oluwasola O. D., and M. Sohail. "Comparative evaluation of conventional and microwave hydrothermal carbonization of human biowaste for value recovery." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 12 (March 18, 2017): 2852–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.164.
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This paper compares conventional and microwave hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of human biowaste (HBW) at 160 °C, 180 °C and 200 °C as a potential technology to recover valuable carbonaceous solid fuel char and organic-rich liquor. Also discussed are the influence of HTC heating methods and temperature on HBW processing conversion into solid fuel char, i.e. yield and post-HTC management, dewaterability rates, particle size distribution and the carbon and energy properties of solid fuel char. While HTC temperatures influenced all parameters investigated, especially yield and properties of end products recovered, heating source effects were noticeable on dewatering rates, char particle sizes and HBW processing/end product recovery rate and, by extension, energy consumed. The microwave process was found to be more efficient for dewatering processed HBW and for char recovery, consuming half the energy used by the conventional HTC method despite the similarity in yields, carbon and energy properties of the recovered char. However, both processes reliably overcame the heterogeneity of HBW, converting them into non-foul end products, which were easily dewatered at <3 seconds/g total solids (TS) (c.f. 50.3 seconds/g TS for a raw sample) to recover energy-densified chars of ≈17 MJ/kg calorific value and up to 1.4 g/l of ammonia concentration in recovered liquor.
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Parang, Zohreh, and Davood Moghadamnia. "Synthesis of Silver Nano-particles by Electrochemical Method and the Effects on the Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones (T3, T4) in Adult Male Rats." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 13, no. 4 (July 10, 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.13.4.575.4.
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Background: Silver nano-particles have anti-fungal properties. In the present study, silver nano-particles were synthesized by electrochemical method and its effects on the serum levels ofT3 and T4 hormones were investigated in adult male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 28 adult male Wistar rats weighing approximately 180-220g were divided into 4 groups of 7 rats. The control group (no treatment). The experimental groups 1and 2 received silver intraperitoneal nano-particle doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for 14 days. The nano-aprticles had been synthesized at 75 seconds interval. The experimental group 3 received silver nano-particles that were synthesized at 300 seconds interval with an intraperitoneal dose of 25 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of this period, blood samples were obtained from the rats’ hearts, and the serum levels of T3 and T4 hormones were measured. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests. Results: At the completion of the study, there was no significant difference in the mean body weights in all experimental groups compared to control group. The results showed that the mean serum levels of T3 hormone in the experimental group1 increased significantly relative to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the mean serum levels of T4 hormone in all experimental groups compared to that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Silver nano-particles increased the serum T3 hormone level in male Wistar rats.
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Sochorcova, V., P. Proks, E. Cermakova, and Z. Knotek. "Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the liver, gall bladder and urogenital tract in female red-eared terrapins (Trachemys scripta elegans)." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 12 (December 4, 2017): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/73/2017-vetmed.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced computed tomography for organ morphology and perfusion in five captive terrapins. Native scans were performed and afterwards an iodinated non-ionic contrast media was manually administered through the jugular vein catheter. Post-contrast CT scans were taken 20 (T<sub>20</sub>), 60 (T<sub>60</sub>) and 180 (T<sub>180</sub>) seconds after the contrast medium administration. Maximum contrast enhancement of the kidneys and the liver was detected at T<sub>20</sub> and T<sub>60</sub>, respectively. The gall bladder content, the urinary bladder content and ovarian follicles were all without contrast enhancement in all five terrapins. Gall bladder wall thickness was 0.9 mm in all terrapins. Enhancement of the gall bladder wall in post-contrast studies was considered excellent, good or poor in two terrapins, two terrapins and one terrapin, respectively, with a mean score of 1.8 ± 0.84 over all contrast studies. Enhancement of the ureters in post-contrast studies was considered excellent in all terrapins in all contrast studies. Peak aortic enhancement was reached 20 seconds after contrast medium administration with the peak enhancement of 213.5 ± 41 HU in four terrapins and 560 HU in one terrapin. Peak hepatic vein enhancement after contrast medium administration was recorded 20 and 60 seconds in two and three terrapins, respectively. In conclusion, contrast-enhanced computed tomography proved to be a valuable method for clinical examination of the liver, gall bladder, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and ovarian follicles in red-eared terrapins.
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Puvača, Nikola, Dragana Ljubojević Pelić, Milica Živkov Baloš, Jovanka Lević, Radivoj Prodanović, Vidosava Puvača Čović, Sanja Popović, and Olivera Đuragić. "Impact of Microwave Thermal Processing on Major Grain Quality Traits of Linseed (Linum usitatissium L.)." AgriEngineering 2, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering2020016.
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The current study investigated the effects of thermal processing of the microwave technology on nutritive value, crude protein solubility, urease activity and amino acid profile on linseed grains. Samples were treated in a SAMSUNG GE82N-B microwave oven at 450W for 0 (L1), 60 (L2), 180 (L3), 300 (L4), and 420 (L5) seconds, respectively. Microwave treatment for 300 seconds showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in activity urease comparing to raw linseed. The raw and treated linseed protein solubility index (PDI) show statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) between all the treatments compared. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses of samples differences in the amino acid composition between controls and experimental treatments showed that amino acids were not significantly affected (p ≥ 0.05), except isoleucine and leucine amino acid (p ≤ 0.05). From the results of the present study, it is possible to identify that the best method for improving linseed quality for animal feed is the application of microwave for 60 second (treatment L2). Our results indicate that microwave thermal processing or micronizing dry thermal processing of grains could be successfully used in large industrial feed production with a short period of time and the improved nutritional parameters of grains, increased shelf-life and the unchanged amino acid profile of treated grains.
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A. Samad, S., and A. B. Huddin. "Genre Classification of Traditional Malay Music Using Spectrogram Correlation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.11 (October 2, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11.20683.
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A method to classify the genre of traditional Malay music using spectrogram correlation is described. The method can be divided into three distinct parts consisting of spectrogram construction that retains the most salient feature of the music, template construction that takes into account the variations in music within a genre as well as the music progresses, and template matching based on spectrogram image cross-correlation with unconstrained minimum average correlation energy filters. Experiments conducted with seven genres of traditional Malay music show that the recognition accuracy is dependent on the number of segments used to construct the filter templates, which in turn is related to the length of music segment used. Despite using a small dataset, an average recognition rate of 61.8 percent was obtained for music segments lasting 180 seconds using six relatively short excerpts.
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Almirdash, Lina Mohammad, and Ziad Saffour. "Study the Effect of Using Microwave Energy in Chemical Processes for Dyeing and Printing Pretreatments of Cotton Fabrics." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 22, no. 2 (July 20, 2019): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.22020073.
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The research focuses on studying the effect of microwave energy as an alternative heating method on dyeing and printing pretreatments of cotton fabrics. In this research, a microwave oven was used to heat the solutions which used in de-sizing, scouring, bleaching and mercerizing processes at different energy levels. The results showed the importance of this heating method in improving desizing efficiency where the best result was obtained at 180 W and 24 min and this method was beneficial in saving energy and time. The best result in scouring was obtained at 720 watts and 24 minutes, whereas at 720 watts and 20 minutes was the best result in bleaching. We can save energy, time and chemicals compared with the conventional method. The mercerizing by microwave increased the absorption of dye solutions for the samples compared with the traditional method, where the color strength increased by increasing the treatment time and the level of energy in the microwave and the best result was obtained at 900 watts and 90 seconds.
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Widiatmika, I. Made Aris Satia, I. Nyoman Piarsa, and Arida Ferti Syafiandini. "Recognition of The Baby Footprint Characteristics Using Wavelet Method and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN)." Lontar Komputer : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/lkjiti.2021.v12.i01.p05.
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Individual recognition using biometric technology can be utilized in creating security systems that are important in modern life. The individuals recognition in hospitals generally done by conventional system so it makes more time in taking identity. A newborn baby will proceed an identity tagging after birth process is complete. This identity using a bracelet filled with names and ink stamps on paper that will be prone to damage or crime. The solution is to store the baby's identity data digitally and carry out the baby's identification process. This system can increase safety and efficiency in storing a baby's footprint image. The implementation of baby's footprint image identification starting from the acquisition of baby's footprint image, preprocessing such as selecting ROI size baby's footprint object, feature extraction using wavelet method and classification process using K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) method because this method has been widely used in several studies of biometric identification systems. The test data came from 30 classes with 180 images test right and left baby's footprint. The identification results using 200x500 size ROI with level 4 wavelet decomposition get recognition results with an accuracy of 99.30%, 90.17% precision, and 89.44% recall with a test computation time of 8.0370 seconds.
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Yamafuji, Kazuo, Koutaro Honda, and Tsuyoshi Kobayashi. "Posture Detection and Landing Control of Robot Thrown in Midair." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 6, no. 5 (October 20, 1994): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1994.p0434.
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In the previous papers, the authors investigated a robotic cat which could restore its attitude during free fall by twisting and controlling its body. The principle of the twisting motion was then elucidated: the robotic cat could rotate its body by 180 degrees turn within 0.6 seconds when released from an upside-down position. In this paper, 3D midair attitude detection and landing control of a newly developed robot with multi-articulated twin legs were studied. A postural detection method using the Enter angles generated by the 3D attitude angles detected by three rate gyrosensors mounted on the robot was proposed, and a landing control method for the twin legs using 4 pairs of antagonists composed of artificial rubber muscles was described. Experiments conducted with this robot reveal that the attitude of the robot thrown in an arbitrary direction could be detected and the legs could be successfully controlled to turn towards the ground for landing.
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Hardy, Elaissa, Yumiko Sakurai, Nadia Sanjaya, Alisa S. Wolberg, and Wilbur Lam. "Effect of Locally Applied Electricity On Clot Formation and Hemostasis." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2220.2220.
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Abstract Abstract 2220 Background: Electricity has historically been used in medical applications such as defibrillators, cauterization, and electrosurgery. Additionally, Kalghatgi et al. [1] demonstrate that high voltage electrical fields (∼30 kilo volts) activate platelets and induce coagulation. However, the exact effect of applied electrical current on clot formation is unknown. We show that upon direct application of electricity (voltages between 5 – 40 volts), platelets are activated immediately and clots rapidly form without excessive heating. This newfound application to induce blood clot formation may enable a new and novel class of therapeutics to achieve hemostasis at sites of bleeding. As newer hemostatic agents are currently derived from animal or human products, which carry risk of blood borne infections and immune dysregulation, a clear need exists for novel therapies to achieve hemostasis. Method: Our experimental setup consisted of a silicone polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chamber with embedded metallic wires (Figure 1A). The metallic leads were connected to an Agilent E3649A variable power supply and a constant voltage was applied to the chamber for 1 minute. A Fluke 179 multimeter monitored the temperature with a thermocouple lead inserted into the liquid in the chamber. Experiments were conducted using whole human blood, platelet rich plasma (PRP), platelet poor plasma (PPP), and isolated, washed platelets. Additionally, fluorescently labeled fibrinogen (Alexa Fluor 488) was added to the blood product, 5%v/v, to assess fibrin formation. Experiment: Initial experiments characterized the electrical characteristics of the different components of blood pertinent for clot formation to assess the potential safety concerns. Voltages between 5 – 40 volts (V) result in currents below 0.1 amps (A) and temperatures between 20 – 50°C. Nominally, current values of 0.1A and greater are considered deadly [2], and thermal tissue damage caused by temperatures below 45°C are considered reversible [2], therefore the majority of our work focuses on voltages less than 30V. Figure 1B shows the timeline of fibrin network formation for a control whole blood sample versus a whole blood sample exposed to 30V for 60 seconds. At 30V and immediately after electrical stimulus, platelet aggregation begins to form. At 120 seconds, fibrin polymerization initiates and showed complete coverage at 180 seconds, as well as numerous clusters of platelet aggregates. In the absence of electrical stimulus, no fibrin polymerization or platelet aggregation was detected until greater than 240 seconds and full network coverage was complete by 420 second. Platelet aggregration was more pronouced with electrical stimulus, as compared to the control case. Various voltages were tested with the mean time to complete the fibrin network formation in stimulated and unstimulated whole blood was 170 seconds vs. 320 seconds, respectively (n = 3) indicating a 53% increase in fibrin formation and platelet aggregation. Additional experiments were conducted on anti-coagulated PPP, PRP, and isolated, washed platelets showing no evidence of fibrin polymerization. This suggests that all the components in blood are necessary to create the fibrin scaffold when exposed to electricity. Continued work will focus on unraveling the underlying mechanisms of how electrical stimulation affects platelet aggregation and coagulation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that direct electrical stimulation promotes clot formation and could potentially lead to a new category of hemostatic therapies that are free from the infectious risks and immune effects that encumber current human or animal-derived agents. With the addition of electrical stimulus, fibrin networks form on average 53% faster than control conditions. We anticipate this concept of applying electricity to different processes in the blood will have significant implications for experimental and clinical hematology. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Villavicencio, Alan T., Sigita Burneikiene, Ketan R. Bulsara, and Jeffrey J. Thramann. "Intraoperative three-dimensional fluoroscopy-based computerized tomography guidance for percutaneous kyphoplasty." Neurosurgical Focus 18, no. 3 (March 2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2005.18.3.4.
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Object Percutaneous kyphoplasty is an established method for the treatment of pathological vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). This procedure is usually performed with the aid of biplanar fluoroscopic image guidance. There are currently no published clinical studies in which the use of three-dimensional (3D) image guidance to facilitate this technique has been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isocentric fluoroscopy-based navigation for the kyphoplasty procedure, with special reference to operating time and the amount of radiation exposure. Methods A prospective clinical study was performed in which 11 consecutive patients with painful pathological VCFs that did not respond to conservative treatment underwent the kyphoplasty procedure. During this procedure, cannulation of the pedicle and vertebral body was performed with the aid of isocentric 3D fluoroscopy visualization. Total operating time and intraoperative fluoroscopy time for this group was compared with a cohort of nine patients who underwent the procedure prior to the availability of isocentric fluoroscopy (only biplanar fluoroscopy was used). Possible complications such as cement extravasations were evaluated during the procedure and on postoperative computerized tomography scans. The mean duration of surgery for the 3D isocentric fluoroscopic guidance group was 60 minutes (range 36–89 minutes) for one-level and 68.5 minutes (range 65–75 minutes) for two-level cases. Because of a learning curve with the equipment, the operating time for the initial cases was significantly longer than with the later ones. Even with the initial cases included, the mean operating time was shorter compared with the biplanar fluoroscopy-assisted procedures, which averaged 69.2 minutes (range 44–113 minutes) for one-level procedures. This difference was not statistically significant. The mean fluoroscopy exposure time was 41.3 seconds (range 25–62 seconds) in the isocentric fluoroscopy-assisted procedures, with an additional 40 seconds of fluoroscopy time used for the 3D fluoroscopy “spin,” compared with 293.2 seconds (range 180–400 seconds) in the biplanar fluoroscopy-assisted procedures. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02). All pedicles were accessed without difficulty and no complications were encountered in either group of patients. Conclusions The main advantage of isocentric fluoroscopy is the significant reduction in radiation exposure for the patient and surgical staff without an increase in the mean operating time. This technique is a significant advancement over biplanar fluoroscopy in this setting.
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Palubinskas, G., V. Žilaitis, and R. Antanaitis. "Improvement of dairy cow embryo yield with low level laser irradiation." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 20, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2017-0037.
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Abstract The goal of this study is to estimate the effects of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the superovulatory response according to the number of corpora lutea (CL), follicles (F) and the embryo yield. In recent years, while searching for new, more efficient and organic methods to improve superovulatory response and embryo yield with respect to the conventional methods, low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is a more sensitive and less costly technology that can be used to improve animal reproduction, namely, artificial insemination and the embryo production system. The dairy-cow donors were treated for superovulation with Pluset®, at any time during the oestrus cycle, and the total dose per donor was 700 IU. The first group of the donors (n=25), test group (TG), was irradiated on the sacroiliac area for 180 seconds per day, from the 1st to 11th superovulatory treatment (ST) days in a row, with LLLI in the 870-970-nm wavelength, 65.93 J/cm dose, frequencies in the 20-2000 Hz range and pulse durations commonly in the range of about 1 second. For the second control group (CG) (n=25), the ST was performed without LLLI. After the ST, The mean number of CL in the right side ovaries in the TG was 25.43% (p<0.05) greater than in those of the CG. The number of total recovered and transferable embryos was greater in the TG compared with the CG by 28.97% (p<0.05) and 15.8% (p>0.05), respectively. With respect to conventional methods, LLLI can be used to improve the superovulatory response and embryo yield as a supplementary environment and animal-friendly method of treatment.
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ÇAY, Vedat Veli. "Effects of Abrasive Particle Type, Load and Sliding Distance on Micro-Abrasion Resistance of High Speed Steel Coated with AlCrN or AlTiN." Materials Science 27, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.ms.25776.
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High Speed Steel (HSS) specimen surfaces were coated with AlCrN and AlTiN via Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method. Then, the wear performances of the film coatings so produced were investigated by using different abrasive types with different particle sizes. During the micro-abrasion wear tests, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 N loads were applied for periods of 60 and 180 seconds. During the wear tests, wear loss increased with increasing SiC and Al2O3 abrasive particle size. Micro-grooving and micro-rolling wear were observed when F800 and F1200 abrasive slurry were used, respectively. It was determined that the volume losses formed by SiC abrasive particles on AlTiN and AlCrN coatings to be higher than Al2O3 abrasive particles. Volume losses increased with the increase in the applied load and the number of cycles. The AlCrN coatings exhibited better wear resistance than the AlTiN coatings. The applied test load had a significant effect on the wear mechanisms observed.
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Zeng, Yanxia, and Xiashi Zhu. "Rapid determination of iodine content in drinking water by isopropyl sensitization and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)." E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124503004.
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A subject for the rapid determination of iodine content in drinking water by isopropyl sensitization and ICP-MS was established. The samples were dissolved in 1% ammonia solution, 127I was selected as the mass number to be measured and 159Tb as an internal standard. At the same time, 4% (V/V) isopropanol was used to enhance aerosol gasification efficiency, 2% NH3·H2O was used to effectively eliminate memory effects of iodine by cleaning sample for 180 seconds. The results show that, the detection limits of iodine in this method are 0.007 mg·kg-1 and it is superior to other literature. The standard curve has a good linear relationship and the recovery rates of testing rusults range are from 96.00% to 112.3%. The content of iodine in standard substance water samples was determined by ICP-MS method. The iodine content in water samples from seven drinking water sources in Lianyungang area was analyzed between 14~21 μg·L-1. It was in line with the allowable value of 10~300 μg·L-1 of the sanitary standard for drinking water, suggesting that the iodine content of drinking water resources in Lianyungang area was in a safe range.
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Myrnerts Höök, Susanna, Nicolas J. Pejovic, Francesco Cavallin, Clare Lubulwa, Josaphat Byamugisha, Jolly Nankunda, Thorkild Tylleskär, and Tobias Alfven. "Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study." BMJ Paediatrics Open 4, no. 1 (July 2020): e000688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000688.
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BackgroundHeart rate (HR) assessment is crucial in neonatal resuscitation, but pulse oximetry (PO) and electrocardiography (ECG) are rarely accessible in low-resource to middle-resource settings. This study evaluated a free-of-charge smartphone application, NeoTap, which records HR with a screen-tapping method bypassing mental arithmetic calculations.MethodsThis observational study was carried out during three time periods between May 2015 and January 2019 in Uganda in three phases. In phase 1, a metronome rate (n=180) was recorded by low-end users (midwives) using NeoTap. In phase 2, HR (n=69) in breathing neonates was recorded by high-end users (paediatricians) using NeoTap versus PO. In phase 3, HR (n=235) in non-breathing neonates was recorded by low-end users using NeoTap versus ECG.ResultsIn high-end users the mean difference was 3 beats per minute (bpm) higher with NeoTap versus PO (95% agreement limits −14 to 19 bpm), with acquisition time of 5 seconds. In low-end users, the mean difference was 6 bpm lower with NeoTap versus metronome (95% agreement limits −26 to 14 bpm) and 3 bpm higher with NeoTap versus ECG in non-breathing neonates (95% agreement limits −48 to 53 bpm), with acquisition time of 2.7 seconds. The agreement between NeoTap and ECG was good in the HR categories of 60–99 bpm and ≥100 bpm; HR <60 bpm had few measurements (kappa index 0.71, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.79).ConclusionHR could be accurately and rapidly assessed using a smartphone application in breathing neonates in a low-resource setting. Clinical assessment by low-end users was less accurate with wider CI but still adds clinically important information in non-breathing neonates. The authors suggest low-end users may benefit from auscultation-focused training. More research is needed to evaluate its feasibility in clinical use.
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Ivashchenko, O. V., M. O. Nosko, Yu M. Nosko, and S. O. Chernenko. "Pattern Recognition: Description of Modes of Teaching Boys Aged 7 Throwing a Small Ball at a Vertical Target." Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ 19, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2019.3.04.
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The study purpose was to determine the possibility of using pattern recognition methods to study the impact of physical exercises modes on teaching primary school children throwing a small ball at a vertical target.
Materials and methods. The study participants were boys aged 7 years (n=48). The paper relied on analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature, general scientific methods of theoretical level, such as analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, as well as general scientific methods of empirical level: observation, testing, experiment.
Results. The effectiveness of teaching boys aged 7 “throwing a ball at a vertical target” is positively influenced by 6-12 sets, 3 repetitions per set, rest interval of 60-180 seconds. The focus in choosing a teaching mode is on the number of repetitions per set.
Conclusions. A full factorial experiment method makes it possible to mathematically describe the process in some local area of the factorial space and to verify the regression model. Regression equations provide an opportunity to select the modes of performing for each exercise being studied. Discriminant analysis has made it possible to determine the modes of physical exercises in the process of motor skills development; to answer the question as to how significantly the modes of training differ by the effectiveness of motor skills development; what motor tasks most substantially influence the differentiation of classes; what class the object belongs to based on the values of discriminant variables. To select the most rational mode of performing exercises in the process of motor skills development in boys aged 7, the first and second discriminant functions can be used, with a focus on the most informative variables.
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Nienaber, Christoph A., Stephan Kische, Tim C. Rehders, Henrik Schneider, Tushar Chatterjee, Carsten Michael Bünger, Regina Höppner, and Hüseyin Ince. "Rapid Pacing for Better Placing: Comparison of Techniques for Precise Deployment of Endografts in the Thoracic Aorta." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 14, no. 4 (August 2007): 506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152660280701400411.
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Purpose: To investigate the safety, efficacy, impact on positioning, and neurocognitive outcomes of 3 conceptually different methods of avoiding the “windsock” effect during thoracic stent-graft placement. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 70 patients (48 men; mean age 63 years) who underwent elective or emergency stent-graft placement in the thoracic aorta for various pathologies. Twenty-seven patients (18 men; mean age 64±12 years) had stent-graft positioning during rapid right ventricular (RV) pacing at 180 to 200 beats per minute. Another 27 patients (18 men; mean age 62±12 years) had stent-graft placement under controlled hypotension (≤45 mmHg) achieved with sodium nitroprusside (3 µg/kg/min). Sixteen patients (12 men; mean age 63±14 years) had intermittent cardiac arrest induced by a 0.5-mg/kg adenosine bolus prior to launching the stent-graft. Termination of the endovascular procedure, weaning, and recovery were conducted according to the same routines in all patients. Hemodynamics, landing precision (deviation from planned placement site), cerebral blood flow, and neurocognitive function were compared. Results: Rapid RV pacing (median 12 seconds) was conducted without technical difficulty or delayed recovery in any of the 27 patients. Once rapid pacing ceased, blood pressure recovered within 8 seconds from 22±8 mmHg to normal prepacing levels. The level of hypotension was most pronounced in the rapid RV pacing group (20±4 mmHg, p<0.001), and the duration of hypotension was also the shortest (20±10 seconds, p<0.001) at a pacing rate of 190±10 beats per minute. The instantaneous mean flow velocity was lowest (10±4 cm/s, p<0.001) and recovery to normal pressure was quickest (within 1 minute) with rapid pacing. Instrumentation for rapid pacing did not prolong the procedure, but shortened it ∼25 minutes. Moreover, precise positioning at a mean 2±2 mm from the predetermined launch site was observed with rapid pacing (p<0.05). There were no differences in postprocedural neurological assessment among groups. Conclusion: Rapid RV pacing is safe in selected patients and in experienced hands. It abbreviates hemodynamic compromise, shortens the endovascular procedure, and may eventually emerge as the preferred method to avoid the windsock effect during stent-grafting. The maneuver, however, requires knowledge of right cardiac anatomy and expertise in selecting patients.
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Delmas, Clément, Aemilia Jacquemin, Fanny Vardon-Bounes, Bernard Georges, Felipe Guerrero, Nicolas Hernandez, Bertrand Marcheix, et al. "Anticoagulation Monitoring Under ECMO Support: A Comparative Study Between the Activated Coagulation Time and the Anti-Xa Activity Assay." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 35, no. 7 (May 16, 2018): 679–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885066618776937.
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Purpose: Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is used in cases of severe respiratory and/or circulatory failure over periods of several days to several weeks. Its circuitry requires a closely monitored anticoagulation therapy that is empirically supported by activated clotting time (ACT)—a method often associated with large inter- and intraindividual variability. We aimed to compare the measurement of heparin activity with ACT and the direct measurement of the heparin activity (anti-Xa) in a large ECMO population. Methods: All patients treated by venoarterial or venovenous ECMO in our intensive care unit between January 2014 and December 2015 were prospectively included. A concomitant measurement of the anti-Xa activity and ACT was performed on the same sample collected twice a day (morning–evening) for unfractionated heparin adaptation with an ACT target range of 180 to 220 seconds. Results: One hundred and nine patients (men 69.7%, median age 54 years) treated with ECMO (70.6% venoarterial) were included. Spearman analysis found no correlation between anti-Xa and ACT (ρ < 0.4) from day 1 and worsened over time. Kappa analysis showed no agreement between the respective target ranges of ACT and anti-Xa. Conclusions: We demonstrate that concomitant measurement of ACT and anti-Xa activity is irrelevant in ECMO patients. Since ACT is poorly correlated with heparin dosage, anti-Xa activity appears to be a more suitable assay for anticoagulation monitoring.
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Almeida, Gleide Viviani Maciel, Angela Ribas, and Jorge Calleros. "Sound Localization Test in Presence of Noise (Sound Localization Test) in Adults without Hearing Alteration." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 23, no. 03 (March 1, 2019): e276-e280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676657.
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Introduction Even people with normal hearing may have difficulties locating a sound source in unfavorable sound environments where competitive noise is intense. Objective To develop, describe, validate and establish the normality curve of the sound localization test. Method The sample consisted of 100 healthy subjects with normal hearing, > 18 years old, who agreed to participate in the study. The sound localization test was applied after the subjects underwent a tonal audiometry exam. For this purpose, a calibrated free field test environment was set up. Then, 30 random pure tones were presented in 2 speakers placed at 45° (on the right and on the left sides of the subject), and the noise was presented from a 3rd speaker, placed at 180°. The noise was presented in 3 hearing situations: optimal listening condition (no noise), noise in relation to 0 dB, and noise in relation to - 10 dB. The subject was asked to point out the side where the pure tone was being perceived, even in the presence of noise. Results All of the 100 participants performed the test in an average time of 99 seconds. The average score was 21, the medium score was 23, and the standard deviation was 3.05. Conclusion The sound localization test proved to be easy to set-up and to apply. The results obtained in the validation of the test suggest that individuals with normal hearing should locate 70% of the presented stimuli. The test can constitute an important instrument in the measurement of noise interference in the ability to locate the sound.
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Roman, ROMANENKO, RASULOV Ramis, and ROMANENKO Olena. "METHOD OF EXPRESS DIAGNOSTICS OF FISHSEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL JOURNAL "COMMODITIES AND MARKETS" 38, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/tr.knute.2021(38)05.
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Background. The main aspects of quality assessment of fish raw materials and combi ovens for its heat treatment are considered. The results of connection researches of structural and mechanical properties of raw materials with its thermophysical characteristics and parameters of necessary culinary processing are presented. The expediency of using physical methods for assessing the quality of raw materials to predict the mode of heat treatment is determined. The aim of the study is to develop a system of rapid diagnostics of structural-mechanical and thermophysical properties of fish semi-finished products for the institutions of the HoReCa industry. Materials and methods. The object of research is the structural-mechanical and thermophysical properties of grass carp and their changes during storage. The subject of research – culinary semi-finished products, specifically – grass carp steaks. Determination of structural and mechanical properties of steaks was carried out by a measuring sensor of original design, developed on the basis of components of ITM LLC. The heating kinetics of grass carp semi-finished products were performed in a PolEco cabinet at a temperature of 180 ºC and forced convection. The temperature in the samples was recorded by standard thermal sensors of the UMCD with a measurement period of 20 seconds. The amount of active electricity, consumed for the preparation of steaks, was determined excluding the reactive component, by using current measuring clamp. Culinary processing of steaks was in the steam convection oven Convotherm OEB 6.10. Results. A set of structural and mechanical properties of grass carp steaks with different shelf life was determined with a sensor of the original design of UMCD. The correlation of changes in the indicators of adhesion, penetration and relaxation force after compression with the shelf life of steaks was established. A correlation between the shelf life and the heating speed of the samples was established with a standard thermo sensors of UMCD. The heating speed of the samples after 24 h of storage increases by 10–11 %. By recording the current in the power cable of the combi steamer, the electricity consumption for cooking 12 portions of steaks (2400 g) was determined. The possibility of saving electricity from 4.6 % for cooking freshly asleep fish and up to 16.5 % for chilled fish stored for 24 hours was established. Conclusion. The measuring sensor was tested. It allows determining the relaxation, strength and adhesion of fish raw materials in the express mode. It was found that the structural-mechanical and thermophysical properties of grass carp change with storage time. It is experimentally confirmed that the change of information parameters of heat treatment in the steam convection oven is a criterion of quality of culinary products from freshwater fish. The developed method of express diagnostics allows determining the rheological properties of raw materials from freshwater fish and optimizing the heat treatment of culinary products in restaurants in terms of differential quality of raw materials. Due to the selection of individual processing modes for fish raw materials of different consistency and shelf life, it is possible to reduce electricity consumption by the steam convection oven by 4.6–22.4 %.
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Love, David C., and Mark D. Sobsey. "Simple and Rapid F+ Coliphage Culture, Latex Agglutination, and Typing Assay To Detect and Source Track Fecal Contamination." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 13 (May 4, 2007): 4110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02546-06.
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ABSTRACT Simple, rapid, and reliable fecal indicator tests are needed to better monitor and manage ambient waters and treated waters and wastes. Antibody-coated polymeric bead agglutination assays can fulfill these needs and are inexpensive and portable for nonlaboratory settings, and their reagents can be stored at ambient temperatures for months. The goal of this study was to develop, optimize, and validate a rapid microbial water quality monitoring assay using F+ coliphage culture, latex agglutination, and typing (CLAT) to detect F+ coliphage groups with antibody-coated particles. Rapid (180 min) F+ coliphage culture gave comparable results to those with the 16- to 24-h culture time used in EPA method 1601 and was amenable to CLAT assay detection. CLAT was performed on a cardboard card by mixing a drop of coliphage enrichment culture with a drop of antibody-coated polymeric beads as the detection reagent. Visual agglutination or clumping of positive samples occurred in <60 seconds. The CLAT assay had sensitivities of 96.4% (185/192 samples) and 98.2% (161/164 samples) and specificities of 100% (34/34 samples) and 97.7% (129/132 samples) for F+ RNA and DNA coliphages, respectively. CLAT successfully classified F+ RNA coliphages into serogroups typically obtained from human (groups II and III) and animal (groups I and IV) fecal sources, in similar proportions to those obtained with a nucleic acid hybridization assay. This novel group-specific antibody-based particle agglutination technique for rapid and simple detection and grouping of F+ coliphages provides a new and improved tool for monitoring the microbiological quality of drinking, recreational, shellfishing, and other waters.
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Zorn, Kevin C., Hugues Widmer, Jean-Baptiste Lattouf, Dan Liberman, Naeem Bhojani, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Maxine Sun, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Ronald Denis, and Assaad El-Hakim. "Novel method of knotless vesicourethral anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: feasibility study and early outcomes in 30 patients using the interlocked barbed unidirectional V-LOC180 suture." Canadian Urological Association Journal 5, no. 3 (April 4, 2013): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.641.
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Purpose: Our purpose was to describe the safety and feasibility ofa running posterior reconstruction (PR) integrated with continuousvesicourethral anastomosis (VUA) using a novel self-cinchingunidirectional barbed suture in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods: Between March and October 2010, 30 consecutivepatients with organ-confined prostate cancer underwent RARP byan experienced single surgeon (KCZ). Upon completion of radicalprostatectomy, urinary reconstruction was carried out using2 knotless, interlocked 6-inches 3-0 V-Loc-180 suture. The lefttail of the suture was initially used for PR (starting at 5-o’clockand ran to re-approximate the retrotrigonal layer to the rectourethralis)followed by left-sided VUA (from 6- to 12-o’clock), whilethe right-sided suture completed the right-sided VUA. Assuranceof watertight closure with an intraoperative 300 cc saline visualcystogram was performed in all cases prior to case completion.Perioperative outcomes and 30-day complications were recorded.Results: All anastamoses were performed without assistance andwithout knot tying. Median time for nurse setup and urinary reconstructionwas 40 seconds (interquartile range [IQR] 25-60) and14.6 min (IQR 10-18), respectively. The need to readjust suturetension or place Lapra-Ty clips (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati,OH) to establish watertight closure was observed in 2 cases (7%).No patient had clinical urinary leak and there was no urinary retentionafter catheter removal on mean postoperative day 5 (IQR 4-6).Conclusions: Our clinical experience with a novel technique usingthe interlocked V-Loc suture during RARP for both PR and anastomosisappears to be safe and efficient. Using the barbed sutureprevents slippage and eliminates the need for bedside assistanceto maintain suture tension or knot tying, thus assuring watertighttissue closure.Objectif : Notre but était de décrire l’innocuité et la faisabilitéd’une reconstruction postérieure (RP) intégrée à une anastomosevésico-urétrale continue à l’aide de la nouvelle technique de sutureavec fils barbelés unidirectionnels et ancrage automatique aprèsprostatectomie radicale assistée par robot (PRAR).Méthodologie : Entre mars et octobre 2010, 30 patients consécutifsatteints d’un cancer de la prostate confiné à la glande ont subi unePRAR effectuée par un chirurgien expérimenté (KCZ). Après laprostatectomie radicale, une reconstruction urinaire a été entrepriseà l’aide de 2 sutures 3-0 de 6 pouces sans noeud par le dispositifV-Loc 180. L’extension gauche de la suture a d’abord été utiliséepour la PR (en commençant à 5 heures et en poursuivant pourrapprocher la couche rétrotrigonale du muscle recto-urétral) etsuivie d’une anatostomose vésico-urétrale du côté gauche (de 6 à12 heures), alors que la partie droite de la suture a permis de terminerl’anastomose vésico-urétrale droite. Une fermeture hermétiquepar cystogramme visuel intraopératoire avec 300 mL de solutionsalée dans tous les cas a été réalisée avant la fin de l’intervention.Les résultats peropératoires et les complications émergeant pendantles 30 jours suivants ont été consignés.Résultats : Toutes les anastomoses ont été effectuées sans aide etsans noeud. Le temps médian pour la préparation par l’infirmièreet la reconstruction urinaire était de 40 secondes (écart interquartile[EIQ] 25-60) et de 14,6 minutes (EIQ 10-18), respectivement.Dans 2 cas (7%), on a eu besoin de rajuster la tension des pointsde suture ou de placer des agrafes LapraTy (Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Cincinnati, OH) pour assurer une fermeture hermétique. Aucunpatient n’a présenté de fuite urinaire clinique ni aucune rétentionurinaire après le retrait du cathéter en moyenne 5 jours aprèsl’opération (EIQ 4-6).Conclusions : Selon notre expérience clinique, cette nouvelle techniquede fermeture de plaie par le dispositif V-Loc pour une PRARavec anastomose semble sans danger et efficace. L’usage des fils barbelés empêche le glissement et élimine le besoin d’aide afind’assurer la bonne tension des points de suture ou de noeuds, etassure une fermeture hermétique des tissus.
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NATALIANA, DECY, NANDANG TARYANA, and EGI RIANDITA. "Alat Monitoring Infus Set pada Pasien Rawat Inap Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATmega 8535." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 4, no. 1 (May 2, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v4i1.1.
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ABSTRAKMetode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui volume cairan Infus adalah dengan cara mendeteksi tetesan yang berada pada chamber Infus. Tetesan dideteksi oleh sensor cahaya yaitu LED infra merah dan photodioda. Sinyal tegangan dari sensor dikondisikan dengan IC komparator LM339 . Mikrokontroler ATmega 8535 digunakan sebagai pengolah data I/O dari komparator sehingga informasi dari parameter yang dimonitor dapat ditampilkan pada LED dan LCD serta bunyi buzzer. Tegangan keluaran sensor infra merah saat mendeteksi tetesan adalah sebesar 1,02 V sedangkan saat tidak mendeteksi tetesan tegangan keluaran sebesar 180 mV. Parameter yang dapat dideteksi dari alat ini diantaranya jumlah tetesan per menit dengan maksimal jumlah tetes / menit yang dideteksi sebesar 255 tetes, peringatan bila tetesan tidak terdeteksi selama 10 detik dan peringatan bila cairan Infus akan habis (± 50 ml). Suara yang dihasilkan buzzer masih terdengar jelas dan tidak berbahaya bagi pendengaran perawat berdasarkan nilai ambang batas tingkat kebisingan meskipun keadaan di ruangan perawat dalam kondisi ramai.Kata kunci: Infus set, intravena, photodioda, infra merah, mikrokontroler ATmega 8535, Infus. ABSTRACTThe method used to know the volume of Infusion fluid is detecting droplets that are on Infusion chamber. The droplets are detected by the light sensors is infrared LED and photodiode. The voltage signal from the sensor is conditioned by the digital comparator IC LM339. ATmega microcontroller 8535 is used as a data processor of the comparator output so that information from the monitored parameters can be displayed on the LCD and LED and buzzer flame. The output voltage when infrared sensors detect a drop is 1.02 V, while sensor does not detect a drop the output voltage drops is 180 mV. Parameters that can be detected from these tool include the number of drops per minute with a maximum number of drops / min was detected at 255 drops, a warning when the droplets are not detected for 10 seconds and a warning when Infuse fluids will run out (± 50 ml). Buzzer’s sound still clearly audible and not dangerous for nurse’s hearing based on noise level threshold value though the situation in the nurse’s room in crowded conditions.Keywords: Infusion sets, intravenous, photodioda, infra red, microcontroller, Infusion.
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Habib, Bidya Nur, and Agung Prijo Budijono. "Analysis of Energy Management of Garnesa Electric Car Based Numerical Simulation Modeling." Journal of World Conference (JWC) 1, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/prd.v1i1.98.
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Designing an electric car to compete with ESCC should be guided by Vehicle Construction and Stability. One of the areas to consider when designing at the research and development stage is the Mechanical Mechanical System (Rotational Mechanical System). These systems include, wheels, transmissions (gear connections), electric motor rotors and shafts. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vehicle energy management on driver driving strategies during the ESCC competition. This is based on Wheel Mechanical System modeling, Dynamic System Analysis and Free Body Diagram. The method used is based on Numerical Simulation. The data parameters used are based on independent variables and control variables. The independent variable of this study is the angular velocity (Vω), linear velocity (v) of the vehicle, friction coefficient value (B), shaft stiffness (K), wheel diameter, gear diameter, wheel mass and moment inertia of the wheel. Control variables is technical regulation of ESCC Urban Concept. This Numerical Simulation Test is to determine the required electrical power, travel time and distance of the vehicle. The results showed that the energy needed by GARNESA electric car with an average speed selection of 9.42 m /s based on a maximum speed of 10.15 m /s and a minimum speed of 8.70 m /s requires the amount of power 248.15 Watt. Travel time is 180 seconds in one lap. The distance obtained is 1357 m. Driving strategy based on average speed of 9.42 m /s consumes less power and the distance obtained will be more far.
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Gwanzura, Emmanuel, Oluyemi O. Awolusi, Sheena Kumari, Deresh Ramjugernath, and Samuel A. Iwarere. "An Electrohydraulic Direct Current Discharge for Inactivation of Escherichia coli in High-Bacterial Density Wastewaters." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 55 (August 10, 2021): 190–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.55.190.
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The United Nations, through its Sustainable Development Goals, have identified access to clean water as one of the challenges facing society. With reported global deaths exceeding 1 million annually linked to untreated water consumption, which is usually contaminated by pathogenic micro-organisms, further research continues in water disinfection. The direct generation of non-thermal plasma in water is a promising method for the inactivation of disease-causing bacteria present in the wastewater. This study explored the efficacy of plasma in the inactivation of different bacterial densities (4.0×104, 1.5×105, and 2.5×107 CFU/mL) using a 500 mL plasma batch reactor operating at atmospheric pressure. The plasma discharge was generated in water by a Technix-SR-10R-5000 high voltage direct current power supply in negative polarity with a set current of 0.45 A and a maximum pre-set ignition voltage of 9 kV. The electrodes used in the discharge was a copper material. A bacterial culture of Escherichia coli ATCC® 25922TM (E.coli) was used as a model for the direct plasma discharge. The study further investigated the contribution of copper ions (0.4 and 0.7 mg/L) released into the water during treatment by having two control reactors that were not exposed to plasma. The results show a complete inactivation at 180 seconds for the bacterial densities from 4.0×104 to 2.5×107 CFU/mL. The results from this study indicated the potential of a direct electric discharge in handling water source with high-bacteria densities.
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Burhani, Dian, Eka Triwahyuni, and Ruby Setiawan. "Second Generation Biobutanol: An Update." Reaktor 19, no. 3 (October 16, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.19.3.101-110.
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Butanol, a rising star in biofuel, can be produced by two approaches, petrochemically and biologically. Currently, the most promising route for butanol production is by fermentation using Clostridium species through an anaerobic condition. However, similar to other biofuels, feedstock has greatly influenced the production of biobutanol and the search for inexpensive and abundant raw material is an absolute requirement for a cost-effective process. Second-generation biobutanol which is produced from lignocellulosic biomass of agricultural and forestry waste not only meets the requirement but also alleviates competition with food crops and thereby solves the problems of food scarcity from the first generation biobutanol. This paper delivered the latest and update information regarding biobutanol production specifically second-generation biobutanol in terms of production method, recovery, purification, status, and technoeconomic. Keyword: biobutanol, lignocellulose, purification, recovery, technoeconomic
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Castaño-Duque, C. H., J. Ruscalleda-Nadal, M. de Juan-Delago, E. Guardia-Mas, L. San Roman-Manzanera, F. Bartomeus-Jene, J. Molet-Teixido, P. Tresserras-Ribo, P. Pares-Muñoz, and P. Clavel Laria. "Early Experience Studying Cerebral Aneurysms with Rotational and Three-Dimensional Angiography and Review of CT and MR Angiography Literature." Interventional Neuroradiology 8, no. 4 (December 2002): 377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/159101990200800407.
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From september 2000 to september 2001, 32 consecutive patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms were examined with rotational and 3D reconstruction angiography using an Integris V5000 Philips Medical System: 39 aneurysms were detected. After a selective cerebral artery was catheterized with a 5F or 4F-catheter, 35 ml of contrast medium was intra-arterially administered at a rate of 4 ml/s and a 180° rotational angiography was performed in eight seconds. This information was transferred to a computer (Silicon Graphics Octane) with software (Integris 3DRA, Philips Integris Systems) and a three-dimensional reconstruction was made. The information provided by Angio-3D was useful for evaluating the parent artery, aneurysmal sac, aneurysmal neck and arterial branches. It was also very useful in selecting the therapeutic method. For open surgery, this technique provides preoperative images that are useful for planning microsurgical approaches, especially in cases of large aneurysm showing complex surrounding arteries. For endovascular embolization, various anatomic characteristics of the aneurysm such as neck and sac size, shape, lobularity, parent artery and arterial branches adjacent to the aneurysmal neck must be demonstrated. This is very important to determine the best projection for embolization and to avoid multiple series. This is also essential in the choice of the first coil to create a good basket producing total occlusion. Microaneurysms are demonstrated well with this technique whereas this is difficult to do with conventional arteriography. The Angio-RM and Angio-CT literature show a lower sensitivity and specificity in comparasion with our experience with 3D IA-ROT-DSA. For this reason, we believe that 3D IA-ROTDSA is now the gold standard for patients presenting intracranial aneurysms.
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Rosyad, Fachri, and Danang Lenono. "Klasifikasi Kemurnian Daging Sapi Berbasis Electronic Nose dengan Metode Principal Component Analysis." IJEIS (Indonesian Journal of Electronics and Instrumentation Systems) 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijeis.10770.
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AbstrakDaging merupakan bahan makanan yang dikonsumsi secara luas, sehingga dibutuhkan standar kualitas tertentu agar dapat aman dikonsumsi dan tidak merugikan konsumen. Standar tersebut diantaranya adalah kesegaran dan kemurnian. Dalam praktek jual beli daging ditemukan adanya kasus pencampuran daging sapi dengan daging babi sehingga dapat merugikan konsumen. Untuk mengetahui kemurnian daging sapi tersebut dibutuhkan pengujian dengan menggunakan tes aroma berbasis electronic nose.Sampel daging sapi campuran dibuat dengan variasi kandungan daging babi sebesar 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80% dari total massa sampel, dengan massa sampel adalah 20 gram. Pengambilan data selama 10 hari dilakukan dengan proses sensing dan flushing masing-masing selama 180 detik dengan pengulangan sebanyak 6 kali per hari. Pengolahan data dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yang meliputi prapemrosesan sinyal dengan manipulasi baseline, ekstraksi ciri dengan menghitung luas kurva sinyal menggunakan pendekatan integral aturan trapesium, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA).Hasil persentase variansi kumulatif dua komponen utama pada pengujian klasifikasi antara daging sapi dengan daging babi adalah sebesar 99,9%, sedangkan pada pengujian klasifikasi antara daging sapi murni dengan daging sapi campuran adalah sebesar 99,6%. Dengan demikian, electronic nose dapat membedakan antara daging sapi murni dengan daging sapi campuran. Kata kunci— Electronic nose, sensor gas metal oksida, klasifikasi, kemurnian daging, Principal Component Analysis. AbstractMeat is a widely consumed food, therefore it requires certain quality standards to be safe to consumed and does not harm the consumers. Several of those standards including meat freshness and meat purity. Recently it has been found some cases of pork adulteration in beef which consequently could harm the consumers. In order to examine the purity of beef, it required test method based on odor characteristics by using electronic nose.Adulterated beef samples were prepared with pork content within samples varied by 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of total sample mass where the sample mass is 20 grams. The 10 days data collecting consists of sensing and flushing cycles for 180 seconds each cycles, with 6 times process repeating over 1 day. Data processing was carried out in several stages which including signal preprocessing based on baseline manipulation, feature extraction by calculating the area of the response signal curve by using trapezoidal rule of integral approximation, and multivariate analysis using PCA.Cumulative percentage of variance of two principal components of beef and pork classification test yields at 99.9% of total variance, and classification test between pure beef and adulterated beef resulting in 99.6% of total variance. Therefore, it can be concluded that electronic nose can classify between pure beef and adulterated beef. Keywords— Electronic nose, metal-oxide gas sensor, classification, meat purity, Principal Component Analysis.
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Tuấn, Nguyễn Phạm, Bằng Hồng Lam, Nguyễn Phạm Tú, Lê Thảo Nguyên, and Trần Đức Tài. "ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA DỊCH TRÍCH VỎ QUẢ LỰU (Punica granatum) LÊN SỰ ỨC CHẾ HÌNH THÀNH TINH THỂ CALCIUM OXALATE GÂY BỆNH SỎI THẬN TRONG ĐIỀU KIỆN IN VITRO." Tạp chí Khoa học và công nghệ nông nghiệp, Trường Đại học Nông Lâm Huế 4, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): 2095–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.46826/huaf-jasat.v4n3y2020.343.
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Nghiên cứu sử dụng dịch trích vỏ quả lựu được thực hiện để đánh giá khả năng ức chế tinh thể Calcium oxalate, gồm 03 giai đoạn chính là hình thành, phát triển và ngưng tụ. Mẫu vỏ quả lựu được ly trích bằng phương pháp ngâm dầm với ethanol 80% để tạo cao chiết. Phần trăm ức chế hạt nhân tinh thể Calcium oxalate của cao chiết vỏ quả lựu được xác định bằng phương pháp đo quang phổ ở bước sóng 620 nm; trong khi đó, hiệu quả ức chế phát triển tinh thể Calcium oxalate của cao chiết được đánh giá bằng mật độ quang của mẫu thử ở bước sóng 214 nm trong thời gian 600 giây. Hiệu quả ức chế ngưng tụ tinh thể calcium oxalate của cao chiết được xác định bằng cách đo lường mật độ quang ở bước sóng 620 nm vào các khoảng thời gian 30, 60, 90, 180 và 360 phút. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, độ ẩm của mẫu đạt 71,89% và hiệu suất cao chiết đạt 4,59%. Cao chiết vỏ quả lựu có sự hiện diện của các hợp chất flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, terpenoid, tanin và phenol. Cao chiết vỏ quả lựu có khả năng ức chế hình thành hạt nhân, phát triển và ngưng tụ của tinh thể Calcium oxalate với giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 0,76 mg/mL; 0,75 mg/mL và 0,99 mg/mL.
ABSTRACT
The study on using Pomegranate peel extract to inhibit the formation of Calcium oxalate, including three main phases: nucleation, growth, and aggregation was conducted. The plant samples were extracted from maceration method with 80% of ethanol. The inhibitory percentage of nucleation was determined by spectrophotometer at 620 nm, whereas the growth assay was evaluated by measuring of sample in 600 seconds at wavelength 214 nm. The aggregation assay was conducted by measuring at the period of 30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 minutes at wavelength 620 nm to determine the inhibitory percentage. The results showed that moisture and the yield of Pomegranate peel extract were 71.89% and 4.59%. The extract of Pomegranate peel had the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, tannin and phenol. The extract Punica granatum peel had the ability to inhibit nucleation, growth and aggregation of Calcium oxalate crystallisation and IC50 value of extract was 0.76 mg/mL, 0.75 mg/mL, and 0.99 mg/mL, respectively.
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Huynh Tan, Vu, Quyen Pham My, Luan Nguyen The, and Trang Huynh Thi Thien. "Synthesis of ZnO material: A new approach by hydrothermal method." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 5, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v5i1.963.
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Zinc oxide (ZnO) material possesses various morphologies which have given ZnO many fascinating applications in practice. Thus, the controlled synthesis of morphology and size of ZnO microstructures has attracted great interest. Many synthetic methods exhibited their effectiveness in producing pure ZnO, and the hydrothermal synthesis expresses its own considerable advantages for controlling the morphology of ZnO with low particle-size distribution. Moreover, the hydrothermal synthesis can be performed under mild condition rather than the conventional harsh ceramic method. In this work, we performed hydrothermal synthesis by altering different initial seeds by pre-treating of Zinc acetate solution prior to hydrothermal action. Characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy were used to determine the morphology and surface functional groups of ZnO final products. Firstly, we processed the pretreatment of Zinc acetate solution by annealing it at 90 ◦C for 1h before putting the solution into autoclave together with NH3 solution for hydrothermal synthesis (this process is called as two-step hydrothermal synthesis). Secondly, the reaction temperatures (120 ◦C, 150 ◦C, 180 ◦C) were investigated to provide the role of temperature synthesis in controlling size and shape of ZnO, and at 150 ◦C, ZnO particles were formed with reasonable uniform morphology. Finally, we examined the effects of initial seeds by pre-treating Zinc acetate solution with H2O2, or, the initial seeds change from only Zn(OH)2 (without H2O2) to mutual existence of Zn(OH)2 and ZnO2 (with H2O2). In this case, ZnO Wurtzite phase was obtained with 100% purity at 180 ◦C, or at higher temperature than other samples whose ZnO Wurtzite phase was formed at only 150 ◦C. The results show that the nature of initial seeds greatly impact not only on the shape and size, but also on the surface functional groups of ZnO final product.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Comparison Between Conventional and Microwave Methods For Extraction Pectin and Degree of Esterification from Orange (Citrus sinesis) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) Peels." Baghdad Science Journal 13, no. 1 (March 6, 2016): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.13.1.26-30.
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In this study Microwave and conventional methods have been used to extract and estimate pectin and its degree of esterification from dried grapefruit and orange peels. Acidified solution water with nitric acid in pH (1.5) was used. In conventional method, different temperature degrees for extraction pectin from grape fruit and orange(85 ,90 , 95 and 100?C) for 1 h were used The results showed grapefruit peels contained 12.82, 17.05, 18.47, 15.89% respectively, while the corresponding values were 5.96, 6.74, 7.41 and 8.00 %, respectively in orange peels. In microwave method, times were 90, 100, 110 and 120 seconds. Grapefruit peels contain 13.86, 16.57, 18.69, and 17.87%, respectively, while the corresponding values were of 6.53, 6.68, 7.28 and 9.05 %, respectively in orange peels. The degree of esterification increased gradually in both methods. The maximum values were of 69.7% in orange and of 67% in grapefruit at 95 °C in conventional method, while microwave method the values gave 68.8% and 66.6% for orange and grape fruit pectin at 110 sec, respectively .
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Pleissner, Daniel, Wan Chi Lam, Wei Han, Kin Yan Lau, Lai Chun Cheung, Ming Wui Lee, Ho Man Lei, et al. "Fermentative Polyhydroxybutyrate Production from a Novel Feedstock Derived from Bakery Waste." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/819474.
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In this study,Halomonas boliviensiswas cultivated on bakery waste hydrolysate and seawater in batch and fed-batch cultures for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production. Results demonstrated that bakery waste hydrolysate and seawater could be efficiently utilized byHalomonas boliviensiswhile PHB contents between 10 and 30% (w/w) were obtained. Furthermore, three methods for bakery waste hydrolysis were investigated for feedstock preparation. These include: (1) use of crude enzyme extracts fromAspergillus awamori, (2)Aspergillus awamorisolid mashes, and (3) commercial glucoamylase. In the first method, the resultant free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentration in hydrolysates was 150 and 250 mg L−1after 20 hours at enzyme-to-solid ratios of 6.9 and 13.1 U g−1, respectively. In both cases, the final glucose concentration was around 130–150 g L−1. In the second method, the resultant FAN and glucose concentrations were 250 mg L−1and 150 g L−1, respectively. In the third method, highest glucose and lowest FAN concentrations of 170–200 g L−1and 100 mg L−1, respectively, were obtained in hydrolysates after only 5 hours. The present work has generated promising information contributing to the sustainable production of bioplastic using bakery waste hydrolysate.
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McDaniel, Jenny K., Khalil Bdeir, Douglas B. Cines, and X. Long Zheng. "Synthetic Partially Reduced Human Neutrophil Peptide (HNP)-1 Inhibits Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation on Von Willebrand Factor-Collagen Surfaces Under Arterial Shear Stress through a Disulfide Bond Reduction Mechanism." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 3722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3722.3722.
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Abstract Background: Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) are small cationic proteins primarily released from activated and degranulated neutrophils. HNPs have antimicrobial activity against diverse bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Additionally, HNPs exhibit prothrombotic properties by enhancing platelet aggregation and fibrin formation and by inhibiting proteolytic cleavage of von Willebrand factor (VWF) by ADAMTS13. However, the role of HNPs in thrombus formation under more physiological conditions (i.e. under flow) has not been determined. Objective: To investigate the effects of HNPs on platelet adhesion/aggregation on VWF/collagen surfaces under arterial shears. Design/Method: Whole blood was obtained from C57/BL6 wild type and Adamts13-/-mice, anticoagulated with a potent thrombin inhibitor D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone (PPACK) and prostaglandin-E1 (PGE1), and platelets were labeled with FITC anti-mouse CD41 IgG. After incubation with varying concentrations of native HNPs and synthetic partially reduced HNP1 (sHNP1) for 30 minutes, the whole blood samples were perfused through a fibrillar collagen-coated surface in a microfluidic system at 100 dyne/cm² for 180 seconds. The rate and extent of accumulation of fluorescein-labeled platelets were determined under an inverted fluorescent microscope at 4-second intervals. The images were analyzed off-line with Montage to evaluate the area of platelet coverage over time. This process was repeated with the addition of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) alone or NEM-treated sHNP1 to the samples to probe the effect of free cysteine residues. In addition, samples of native HNPs and sHNP1 incubated with NEM were analyzed via LC-mass spectrometry for NEM incorporation. Results: Purified native HNPs at final concentrations of 15 μM and 30 μM exhibited no or little effect on the adhesion and aggregation of murine platelets on VWF/collagen surfaces under arterial shears (100 dyne/cm2). Surprisingly, sHNP1 at the same concentrations (15 and 30 μM) dramatically reduced the rate and surface coverage of platelets from WT (Fig. 1A) and, more profoundly, from Adamts13-/- mice (Fig. 1B) on VWF/collagen surfaces under the same conditions. This inhibitory activity of sHNP1 was abolished upon pretreatment with NEM, which reacts with free thiols (-SH) (not shown). Aliphatic HNP1 with all 6 cysteine residues chemically modified also did not inhibit the adhesion and aggregation of murine platelets on VWF/collagen surfaces under shear (not shown). Analysis of samples by LC-mass spectrometry confirmed the NEM-labeling of free thiols present in sHNP1, but not in native HNPs. Conclusion: These results suggest that high concentrations of locally released native HNPs may be required to inhibit ADAMTS13 activity in vivo. However, the findings from this study indicate that HNPs differentially affect thrombus formation depending on how its redox state is modified by its biological milieu. Somewhat unexpectedly, synthetic and partially reduced HNP1 may be a potent antithrombotic agent by reducing platelet interactions with VWF under arterial shear via a disulfide bond reduction mechanism. Disclosures Zheng: Alexion: Research Funding; Ablynx: Consultancy.
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Modi, Ritesh, Shivani Kohli, K. Rajeshwari, and Shekhar Bhatia. "A three-dimension finite element analysis to evaluate the stress distribution in tooth supported 5-unit intermediate abutment prosthesis with rigid and nonrigid connector." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 02 (April 2015): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.156847.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the stress distribution in tooth supported 5-unit fixed partial denture (FPD) having tooth as pier abutment using rigid and nonrigid connectors respectively, under simultaneous and progressive loading. Material and Methods: The three-dimensional (3D) finite element program (ANSYS software) was used to construct the mathematical model. Two 5-unit FPD'S were simulated, one with rigid connector and another one with nonrigid connector. For analysis, each of these models were subjected to axial and oblique forces under progressive loading (180, 180, 120, 120, 80 N force on first and second molars, premolars and canine respectively) and simultaneous loading (100, 100, 100, 100, 100 N force on first and second molars, premolars and canine respectively). Results: The rigid and nonrigid connector design have effect on stress distribution in 5-unit FPDs with pier abutments. Conclusion: Oblique forces produce more stresses than vertical forces. Nonrigid connector resulted in decrease in stress at the level of prosthesis and increase in stress at the level of alveolar crest.
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Lin, Daoling, and Chunguang Liu. "The modified second APG method for DC optimization problems." Optimization Letters 13, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 805–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11590-018-1280-8.
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Lermer, Leonard, Edward G. Neeland, James P. Ounsworth, Russell J. Sims, Samuel A. Tischler, and Larry Weiler. "The synthesis of β-keto lactones via cyclization of β-keto ester dianions or the cyclization of Meldrum's acid derivatives." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 1427–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-180.
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Two new methods to synthesize macrocyclic β-keto lactones have been developed. The first involves the synthesis of ω-halo-β-keto esters and an intramolecular alkylation of the dianions to these compounds. The reaction is complicated by elimination in the small and medium ring systems and by difficulties in purifying the final products. However, it is possible to obtain modest yields of the desired β-keto lactones. This procedure was used to synthesize the 25- and 27-membered ring β-hydroxy lactones that are the constituents of termite defense compounds. The second method involves the thermolysis of acylated Meldrum's acid derivatives, which leads directly to β-keto lactones. This process gives modest yields of macrocyclic systems and good yield of the unsubstituted 3-oxopentan-5-olide (25). The 14-mem-[Formula: see text]bered macrocyclic β-keto lactone 9j has a complex 1H NMR spectrum, which has been interpreted in terms of multiple conformations. The temperature dependence of the NMR spectrum of 9j is consistent with entropic, rather than enthalpic, control of the equilibrium. Quasiharmonic entropy calculations are consistent with this model.
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Nai-dong, Chen, Chen Yue, Zhang Li, Chen Cun-Wu, Deng Hui, and Chen Han. "Combined Application of Fourier-transform Infrared, Second Derivative Infrared, and Two-dimensional Correlation Infrared Spectroscopy to Monitor the Quality of Dendrobium Huoshanense During Processing." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 18, no. 1 (July 18, 2018): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.18:21-33.
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The objective of this study was to develop a multi-steps infrared macro-fingerprint method to discriminate Dendrobium huoshanense “Fengdou” (DHS FD) produced under different toasting and soaking conditions as well as to examine the effect of production conditions on the total polyphenol content, total water soluble polysaccharide content, and antioxidant activities. The results showed that though the Fourier transform infrared and second derivative infrared (SD-IR) spectra of the DHS FD processed under different conditions were similar visually, the DHS FDs could be discriminated by their characteristic peaks in the range of 1800–600 cm–1 from their IR and SD-IR files and the cross-peaks in the region of 1280–950 cm–1 in their two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy IR spectra. The total polyphenol content increased and the total water soluble polysaccharide content decreased in the DHS FDs toasted at temperatures from 110°C to 190°C for 30 min. Soaking process showed variable effects on the total polyphenol content and total water soluble polysaccharide content. The total polyphenol content of the DHS FDs toasted below 150°C increased as the soaking temperatures increased while the total water soluble polysaccharide content showed an opposite trend. Both the total polyphenol content and total water soluble polysaccharide content of the DHS FDs toasted at 170°C and 190°C showed little difference when soaking temperatures varied from 4°C to 100°C. The investigation of the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl cleaving activity revealed that toasting and soaking process might increase the antioxidant activity of the DHS while too high toasting temperatures would decrease their activity. The multi-steps infrared macro-fingerprint analysis with high resolution and excellent macroscopic fingerprint features could effectively discriminate the DHS produced under different conditions without involving any separation and extraction. Consequently, the use of this method is recommended for quality control of the DHS FD.
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Jusnita. "TAMBAL BAN SEPEDA MOTOR YANG ERGONOMIS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO." Jurnal Surya Teknika 8, no. 1 (July 24, 2021): 274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jst.v8i1.2677.
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Tire patch is an activity to repair the tire incompletely only on the part that is leaking. the tire patch tool uses canned gas as a heater, the use of canned gas as a tire heater turns out to have many shortcomings such as the results of the patch being less sticky, the patching time is quite long and it costs a lot of money to buy canned gas. The methodology used in this study is the method of validity, namely testing the hot temperature on an Arduino Uno-based automatic tire patch with a Bluetooth connection. The result of designing an ergonomic motorcycle tire patch tool based on Arduino Uno. The control system tool can work in accordance with its supporting instruments by detecting hot temperatures to operating the device using a Bluetooth connection, there are two types of support systems which are often referred to as software and hardware, so the design process is carried out on both of these supports. The test was carried out 3 times. The first test using a temperature of 80-100 oC takes 3 minutes 28 seconds. The second test using a temperature of 100-120 oC takes 4 minutes 30 seconds with poor results because the results of the patch cannot withstand a large load and cannot withstand being used for too long, while the last or third test uses a temperature of 120-160 oC with the required time. 5 minutes 40 seconds with good patching results.
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GALLEGOS, Javier A., and Manuel A. DUARTE-MERMOUD. "Converse theorems in Lyapunov’s second method and applications for fractional order systems." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS 43, no. 3 (May 29, 2019): 1626–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/mat-1808-75.
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Pashkin, A. I., and V. A. Vinnikov. "Modeling propagation of laser-ultrasonic probing pulse in stratified medium by the method of ABCD matrices." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6 (May 20, 2020): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-6-0-140-150.
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The modern methods of modeling acoustic wave travel in stratified media are reviewed, and the necessity of a new and faster technique is justified. The method of modeling elastic wave propagation based on signal conditioning using ABCD matrices and a Python soft ware is described. The theoretical framework and the mathematical algorithm of the presented method are discussed. The main calculations of the main physical and mathematical relations of the method implementation in the program are given. The model signal is correlated with the test signal obtained from a medium with pre-set parameters. The temporal shapes and spectra of the signal inside an optical-acoustic converter are presented for two cases. In the first case, the optical-acoustic converter has a free surface (boundary with air); in the second case, the optical-acoustic converter is pressed to a steel plate. Based on the obtained data, the applicability of the method to modeling acoustic signal propagation in flat and stratified medium is proved. The critical advantage of the proposed modeling approach is high calculating speed of the signal shape and spectrum at any point of the medium and at any assigned time.
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Safari, Azam, and Zahra Hosseini. "The Effect of Workshop Training Method and Electronic Teaching Method on Mathematics Learning." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v3i1.p165-170.
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The present study with the aim to investigate the effect of training by using of electronic content and workshop method on math learning of high school students of eighteen region of Tehran has been done. The research method was applied and quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The study population included all girl students studying at second year of high school in public schools of eighteen region of Tehran in the 94-95 school year that by using of sampling method three classes were selected. The first experimental group with electronic content and the second experimental group by using of workshop method were trained that with the control group, who were trained in the traditional way, were compared. To determine the effect of work of education on math learning in the three groups, the analysis of covariance and ANOVA were used. The results showed that math scores in the two experimental groups were higher than the control group. Also, comparing the post test scores of math learning in the two experimental groups showed that the training by using of workshop method more than training with electronic content has effect on math learning.
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Masson, J.-F., P. Collins, D. Perraton, and I. Al-Qadi. "Rapid assessment of the tracking resistance of bituminous crack sealants." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-120.
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The bituminous sealants used in the preventive maintenance of pavements sometimes deform (track) under the action of passing vehicles. In summer, this is the prevalent mode of sealant failure. To assess the propensity of a sealant to deform in summer, a standard flow test is used, but the imprecision in the results has prevented any correlation with field performance. Two methods were evaluated in an attempt to find an alternative means of assessing deformation. The first method relied on the use of the French rut tester, and the second method relied on the use of a Taber abraser. The first method was found to be inappropriate to test sealants because of its severity, but the second method proved promising. The Taber abraser allowed for the measurement of sealant displacement at various temperatures and for distinguishing the deformation propensity of sealants.Key words: pavements, roadways, maintenance, sealants, sealing, specification, testing, performance.