Academic literature on the topic '170202 Decision Making'
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Journal articles on the topic "170202 Decision Making"
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Suzuki, Toshitaka N., and Nobuyuki Kutsukake. "Foraging intention affects whether willow tits call to attract members of mixed-species flocks." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 6 (June 2017): 170222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170222.
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Understanding how individual behaviour influences the spatial and temporal distribution of other species is necessary to resolve the complex structure of species assemblages. Mixed-species bird flocks provide an ideal opportunity to investigate this issue, because members of the flocks are involved in a variety of behavioural interactions between species. Willow tits ( Poecile montanus ) often produce loud calls when visiting a new foraging patch to recruit other members of mixed-species flocks. The costs and benefits of flocking would differ with individual foraging behaviours (i.e. immediate consumption or caching); thus, willow tits may adjust the production of loud calls according to their foraging intention. In this study, we investigated the link between foraging decisions and calling behaviour in willow tits and tested its influence on the temporal cohesion with members of mixed-species flocks. Observations at experimental foraging patches showed that willow tits produced more calls when they consumed food items compared with when they cached them. Playback experiments revealed that these calls attracted flock members and helped to maintain their presence at foraging patches. Thus, willow tits adjusted calling behaviour according to their foraging intention, thereby coordinating the associations with members of mixed-species flocks. Our findings demonstrate the influence of individual decision-making on temporal cohesion with other species and highlight the importance of interspecific communication in mixed-species flocking dynamics.
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Haramlah, Dr Ahmad A. AL. "Psychological Stress Associated to Table Tennis Referees Decision-making in the Fourth Championship in Northern Border University in the Period of 26-29/11/1434H." Journal of Educational & Psychological Sciences 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 661–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/jeps/170220.
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Yuniarti, Wiwik, Sumardjo Sumardjo, Widiatmaka Widiatmaka, Winny Dian Wibawa, and Yoyon Haryanto. "Land Suitability Analysis for Tropical Fruit Commodities as a Conservation Effort in Highlands Area, Indonesia." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170222.
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This study aims to spatially analyze the suitability and availability of land for annual tropical fruit horticultural commodities using the criterion-weighted method. The highlands of Banjarnegara and Wonosobo Regencies, Central Java Province, Indonesia, with a total area of 93,955.60 hectares was used as the study area. The multi-criteria decision-making analysis with an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) structure was used to determine the important criteria for complex land suitability. The criteria consisted of soil great groups, elevation, land slope, rainfall, temperature, humidity, type of land use, distance to market, and road access. Meanwhile, the weight of the importance of each criterion was based on the opinions of seven experts and the results were integrated as the basis for map overlays using ArcGIS ver 10.8. The calculation of pairwise comparisons showed that the soil great groups have the highest weight in determining land suitability, with the majority of land being hapludands. Furthermore, it also showed that 32.81% of the area is suitable and available for the development of fruit areas with the largest proportion of 17.48% in the moderately suitable (S2) category.
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Yuniarti, Wiwik, Sumardjo Sumardjo, Widiatmaka Widiatmaka, Winny Dian Wibawa, and Yoyon Haryanto. "Land Suitability Analysis for Tropical Fruit Commodities as a Conservation Effort in Highlands Area, Indonesia." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170222.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to spatially analyze the suitability and availability of land for annual tropical fruit horticultural commodities using the criterion-weighted method. The highlands of Banjarnegara and Wonosobo Regencies, Central Java Province, Indonesia, with a total area of 93,955.60 hectares was used as the study area. The multi-criteria decision-making analysis with an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) structure was used to determine the important criteria for complex land suitability. The criteria consisted of soil great groups, elevation, land slope, rainfall, temperature, humidity, type of land use, distance to market, and road access. Meanwhile, the weight of the importance of each criterion was based on the opinions of seven experts and the results were integrated as the basis for map overlays using ArcGIS ver 10.8. The calculation of pairwise comparisons showed that the soil great groups have the highest weight in determining land suitability, with the majority of land being hapludands. Furthermore, it also showed that 32.81% of the area is suitable and available for the development of fruit areas with the largest proportion of 17.48% in the moderately suitable (S2) category.
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Laurent Salazar, Michel-Olivier, Stamatios C. Nicolis, Mariano Calvo Martín, Grégory Sempo, Jean-Louis Deneubourg, and Isaac Planas-Sitjà. "Group choices seemingly at odds with individual preferences." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 7 (July 2017): 170232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170232.
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Numerous studies have focused on the influence of the social environment and the interactions between individuals on the collective decision-making of groups. They showed, for example, that attraction between individuals is at the origin of an amplification of individual preferences. These preferences may concern various environmental cues such as biomolecules that convey information about the environment such as vanillin, which, for some insects, is an attractant. In this study, we analysed how the social context of the cockroaches of the species Periplaneta americana modifies preferences when individuals are offered two shelters, of which one is vanillin scented. One of the principal results of our study is that isolated individuals stay longer and more frequently in a vanillin-scented shelter, while groups choose more frequently the unscented one. Moreover, the proportion of sheltered insects is larger when the group selects the unscented shelter. Our experimental results and theoretical model suggest that the individual preference is not inverted when insects are in a group but, rather, the response to vanillin decreases the attraction between individuals. As a result, aggregation is favoured in the unscented shelter, leading therefore to a collective inversion.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "170202 Decision Making"
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Ziyeh, Tiglath. "Factors involved in parental decision-making when providing consent on behalf of extremely preterm infants in the PENUT Trial." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/17020.
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BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopment and growth are primary concerns when neonates are born extremely premature (between 23 and 28 weeks gestation). The focus of the PENUT Trial is to administer erythropoietin (Epo) to extremely preterm infants and to study the potential neuroprotective effects of Epo. The PENUT ethics survey was designed to provide study investigators with parental feedback regarding the consent process for the PENUT Trial and to improve the consent process for future research trials.
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this research thesis are to learn (1) what factors are important to parents who are approached for informed consent to include their infants in a research study and (2) how parents may be influenced by demographic and social factors. The hypothesis is that parents approached prenatally may be more likely to consider enrolling their infants into the PENUT Trial.
METHODS: All parents approached to enroll their eligible infants into the PENUT Trial (both consenting and non-consenting parents) were eligible to complete the ethics survey. While completing the survey, parents (1) responded to statements about factors involved in their decision-making process, (2) rated their overall experiences in being asked to join the PENUT Trial, (3) described what ultimately led them to enroll or not to enroll their infants in the PENUT Trial, and (4) responded to demographic questions.
RESULTS: Thirty mothers of infants eligible for the PENUT Trial (22 consenting, 8 non-consenting) were approached by a research study coordinator to complete the survey. Of the 22 consenting mothers, 10 were approached prenatally, and 12 were approached postnatally for the PENUT Trial. However, of the 8 non-consenting mothers, only 1 was approached prenatally, whereas 7 were approached postnatally for the PENUT Trial. The ethics survey was completed by 20 of 22 consenting mothers and 6 of 8 non-consenting mothers. The average rating among mothers of their overall experiences with the consenting process for the PENUT Trial was 3.77 (2.75 among non-consenters, 4.00 among consenters) on a scale of 1 (= poor) to 5 (= excellent). Thirteen mothers preferred to be approached for the PENUT Trial by their baby’s neonatologist (6 preferred their OB/GYN, 5 preferred another doctor, 1 preferred a study coordinator, and 10 had no preference). In addition, 14 mothers preferred that the person approaching them was involved in the research trial (5 preferred person not involved, 2 preferred to be approached by those involved and not involved, and 9 had no preference). Lastly, 18 mothers preferred to be approached prenatally (5 postnatally, and 7 had no preference).
CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings from the PENUT Trial ethics survey support the hypothesis that mothers prefer to be approached prenatally when considering enrollment of their newborn infants into the PENUT Trial. Survey responses also suggest that during the consent process mothers prefer to be approached by either (1) two neonatologists, with one responsible for the baby’s care and the other responsible for the research trial, or (2) one neonatologist who is involved in both the baby’s care and the research trial.
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Lorains, Megan. "Decision making in sport : applying the above real time training method." Thesis, 2013. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/22304/.
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This thesis includes four main chapters that investigate the use of speeded video as a method of decision-making training. Six different video speeds were tested using a video-based decision-making task, to gain a thorough understanding of the effects of video speed on different levels of expertise in Australian football, particularly, the mechanisms which drive expert performance. The significant difference in performance between elite and sub-elite at the 1.5 speed indicated this to be a potential training speed for elite athletes.
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Vernon, Georgina. "Decision making in tennis: exploring the use of kinematic and contextual information during anticipatory performance." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40723/.
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Expert tennis players are known to anticipate the serve of an opponent using two sources of information from their environment. Kinematic information sources are cues from the action of the server, while contextual information may be any source of information outside of the visual kinematic cues which the expert considers. While previous research has examined the contribution of these two sources on an expert tennis player’s anticipation capability, it is still unknown how they interact during the return of serve. Consequently, this thesis had two aims:
1. Investigate the temporal interaction of kinematic and contextual information sources considered by expert tennis players when returning serve.
2. Investigate how changes in kinematic or contextual sources of information alters an expert player’s return of serve performance.
The two aims of this thesis were considered to address the current gap in the existing literature, and enhance our understanding about the temporal priority of anticipatory information sources expert tennis players are attuned to during the return of serve.
The three investigations from this thesis revealed a number of important findings about the temporal interaction of anticipatory information sources. Study 1 determined nine higher order themes from qualitative interviews with expert tennis players about their returning experiences in professional matches. These themes were developed into a temporal model that presented the anticipatory information in order of priority during the return of serve. Study 2 found that although expert tennis players discussed the influence of contextual information on their returning behaviour in Study 1, spatiotemporal data from professional matchplay revealed that this only had an influence on their depth position, and not their lateral position. This study also found that the largest variation in return position occurred at return impact, which was important for confirming that significant changes in return position does not occur until ball flight information is available. The final experiment revealed that although expert tennis players are attuned to contextual and kinematic information, this information does not necessarily improve the quality of the return. Contextual information was the priority anticipatory information source until ball toss information became available. The kinematic information from the ball toss is then prioritised by the returners until ball flight information is available, which was found to be the most influential information source for altering returner behaviour. Furthermore, it was found that expert tennis players were not susceptible to a congruence effect as suggested in a number of previous studies.
The conclusion from the experimental series is that a returner’s behaviour is influenced by the most reliable source of information available at each moment in time, with ball flight information the most reliable and heavily prioritised source. This finding is important for tennis players and coaches to consider when implementing training strategies for the returners to recognise and respond to the various information sources during a match.
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Maloney, Michael Adrian. "Enhancing representative practice design through consideration of affective and situational constraints in combat sports." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/38652/.
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The overarching aim of this thesis was to examine the usefulness of a variety of existing combat sport practice tasks using representative learning design (RLD) as a framework. To date, RLD has largely focused on ensuring practice tasks sample the physical task and environmental informational constraints that support behaviour in competition. While useful, such empirical work has neglected to consider the role of emotions in training design. This thesis contains three experimental studies examining affect and representative practice design using taekwondo as a task vehicle.
The first study explored the impact of a competitive opponent on action selection and interpersonal behaviour in taekwondo by examining the behavioural correspondence between two common combat tasks: striking a representative dynamic target and a non-representative static target. Findings revealed that low behavioural correspondence between static and dynamic targets as emergent striking actions were uniquely constrained by each task. The second study compared the affective, cognitive and behavioural demands of combat practice relative to competition. The findings revealed that the affective and cognitive demands of practice do not represent competition and are associated with behaviour that does not represent how players act in competition. The final study tested the hypothesis that situational information could enhance the affective and cognitive demands of practice tasks by manipulating the presence of a live scoreboard. Results revealed that scoreboard presence lead to greater arousal and anxiety. These increased affective demands were associated with player behaviour that more closely represented the competition behaviour from the previous study.
In summary, this doctoral thesis contributes to an expanding body of work that advocates the use of principled theoretical and methodological frameworks to design sports practice tasks. The specific contributions include i) how affect and cognition influence action selection and action fidelity, and ii) the conceptualisation and application of how the fundamental Brunswikian concept of situational information can add to the design of representative learning tasks. The findings of this thesis suggest that to design truly representative learning tasks, practitioners should sample information, action and affective constraints to create rich competition-like experiences in practice so that athletes think, feel and act like they would in competition.
Books on the topic "170202 Decision Making"
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The pale cast of thought: Hesitation and decision in the Renaissance epic. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1998.
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The Correspondence of Samuel Clarke and Anthony Collins 170708. Broadview Press, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "170202 Decision Making"
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Trinkaus, Hans L. "knowCube — a Spreadsheet Method for Interactive Multicriteria Decision Making." In Operations Research Proceedings, 483–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17022-5_62.
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Marckhgott-Sanabria, Peter Paul. "Information and Decision Making: The Logic of Spanish Mining Administration, 1675–1700." In Mining, Money and Markets in the Early Modern Atlantic, 185–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23894-0_8.
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"Shops, Shopping, and the Art of Decision Making in Eighteenth-Century England." In Gender, Taste, and Material Culture in Britain and North America, 1700–1830. Yale Center for British Art, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00205.007.
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Burke, Victoria E. "Commonplacing, Making Miscellanies, and Interpreting Literature." In The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern Women's Writing in English, 1540-1700, 217–30. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198860631.013.17.
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Abstract This chapter discusses women’s participation in commonplace book culture and miscellany making, arguing that women’s manuscript compilations can offer unique insights into how early modern women responded to and created discourse. After defining commonplace books and miscellanies, the chapter describes recent research into female readers of John Donne’s poetry. Compilers show evidence of interpreting poetry as they copied it, whether in their choice and ordering of poems and extracts, or in aesthetic ‘improvements’ to them, which raises the issue of early modern women’s interpretation of the writing they read, and scholars’ interpretation of these choices. Scholars can wish to see creative engagement in the compilers they study, but sometimes neither the reasons for particular decisions, nor the gender of a compiler, can be established. Many women in the period did find that this mode of responding to literature and religious texts made a space where constraint could turn into creation.
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Hood, Clifton. "“The Best Mart on the Continent”." In In Pursuit of Privilege. Columbia University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231172165.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 concentrates on the 1750s and early 1760s when New York City was a minor seaport and provincial capital within an Atlantic economy of empires and trading. In a colonial seaport whose life’s blood was commerce, merchants were the people who made the principal economic decision. From around 1700, a few wealthy merchants – known as “great merchants” – accumulated fortunes that supplied a material basis for a luxurious way of life. New York’s merchants conceived of themselves and were seen by others as being part of a larger provincial upper class that also incorporated royal officials, planters, doctors, lawyers, and other professionals. This upper class had taken shape between the 1680s and the 1720s, driven by the expansion of the trans-Atlantic trade. It was characterized by its relative openness and its preoccupation with individual economic advancement. Compared to the stuffy and backward-looking elites found elsewhere in the colonies, the New York upper class was relatively dynamic, adaptable, and aggressive. However, the standing of merchants within this New York upper class was compromised by the code of gentility and by the place of royal officials atop the status hierarchy. The incompatibility of gentility with overly aggressive money-making and the privileged status of royal administrators relegated merchants to a secondary position in that upper class.
Conference papers on the topic "170202 Decision Making"
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Allard, Alexandre, Nicolas Fischer, Ian Smith, Peter Harris, and Leslie Pendrill. "Risk calculations for conformity assessment in practice." In 19th International Congress of Metrology (CIM2019), edited by Sandrine Gazal. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201916001.
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In 2012, the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) published novel guidance on the consideration of measurement uncertainty for decision-making in conformity assessment (JCGM 106:2012). The two situations of making a wrong decision are considered: the risk of accepting a non-conforming item, denoted as the customer risk, and the risk of rejecting a conforming item, denoted as the producer risk. In 2017, the revision of ISO 17025 obliged calibration and testing laboratories to “document the decision rule employed, taking into account the level of risk (such as false accept and false reject and statistical assumptions) associated with the decision rule employed, and apply the decision rule” in the context of the decision made about the conformity of an item. However, JCGM 106:2012 can in some cases be perceived as quite difficult to apply for non-statisticians as it mainly relies on calculations involving probability distributions. In order to facilitate uptake of the methodology of JCGM 106:2012, EURAMET is funding the project EMPIR 17SIP05 “CASoft” (2018 – 2020), involving the National Measurement Institutes from France, Sweden and the UK. The objective is to make the methodology accessible to organisations involved in decision-making in conformity assessment: calibration and testing laboratories, industrialists and regulation authorities. Where the customer or producer are concerned, there are two kinds of risks arising from measurement uncertainty: specific risk which concerns the risk of an incorrect decision for a particular item and global risk which is the risk of an incorrect decision for any item chosen at random. Both kinds of risk may involve prior information, taken into account through a so-called prior probability distribution, introducing the concept of a Bayesian evaluation of the risks. If a calibration and testing laboratory performing the measurement has difficulty accessing prior information, it is likely that the industrialist in control of production processes will have some idea of the quality of the items produced. In this paper, the two problems of estimating the specific and global risks are addressed. The consideration of prior information is also discussed through a practical example as well as the use of software implementing the methodology, which will be made publically available at the end of the project.
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Linn, Mike. "Decision Rules: How one Calibration Software Vendor Approaches the Various Options of “taking uncertainty into account”." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2021.09.
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The latest release of ISO/IEC-17025 requires that calibrations laboratories must take their measurement uncertainty into account when making a statement of conformity to a specified requirement. The standard further requires the laboratory to take the risks (both consumer and producer risk) into consideration when employing these “decision rules”. While 17025 does not specify exactly what your laboratory decision rules must be, there are numerous documents that can offer guidance on the subject. Each method has its pros and cons relating to complexity, statistical rigor, and tradeoffs between the two sides of the risk equation. The modern calibration laboratory struggles to offer affordable services to customers who demand increased accuracy in their equipment. The old 4:1 TAR rule of thumb is long gone and with the customer shop floor equipment reaching the accuracies of the laboratory standards of just a few years ago, the challenge of maintaining an appropriate ratio of uncertainty is becoming progressively more difficult. This paper looks at the most common methods of taking that measurement uncertainty into account and how our software is configured and structured to allow the laboratory to apply several different methods depending on their individual customer requirements. These approaches are not fixed, one size fits all, but are customizable by the laboratory, to fit their customers exact requirements, even if their customers have widely different demands.
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Jamal-Eddine, Abdul-Karim. "Risk and opportunity management: an approach for the mechanical testing field." In 19th International Congress of Metrology (CIM2019), edited by Sandrine Gazal. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201910003.
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Risk and opportunity management is a rising topic in the mechanical testing field. The importance of this issue was recently reflected in the newest version of ISO 17025 which emphasized requirements for risk assessment and opportunity taking. This article investigates the most important elements regarding the topic of risk and opportunity management in an environmental testing lab, considering a real case study of the “L2EC” laboratory. Taking the multiple areas of experimental work (climatic, vibration, mechanical, etc...), the study covers multiple areas of management and quality through a comprehensive quantitative framework. Elements of risk and uncertainty control, project planning, decision making and opportunity management are eventually translated into an applicable and coherent general road plan that fulfils and integrates well in the daily framework and strategy of the laboratory.