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Menguc, Murat Cem. "A study of 15th-century Ottoman historiography." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612101.
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Md, Sharif Harlina. "Mosques in island Southeast Asia, 15th-20th century." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2013. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17839/.
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Guinness, Katherine Hunt Verkerk Dorothy. "The Wienhausen Grabeschristus exploring 15th century cloister worship /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2208.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Art." Discipline: Art; Department/School: Art.
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James, Sarah. "Debating heresy : 15th-century vernacular theology and Arundel's Constitutions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272049.
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Tees, Miriam H. "Chronology and style in the Laborde Chansonnier." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23361.
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The Laborde Chansonnier (Wash.L.C. 2.1 L25 Case) is one of the most important but least studied of the Franco-Burgundian chansonniers of the fifteenth century. It contains 106 chansons, 22 of which are unica.Fallows, Brown, Montagna, Kenney, Perkins and others have discussed the transformation of the style of the chanson over the course of the 15th century. Little has been written specifically on the period of the Laborde chansonnier. With reference to musical features such as melodic style, imitation, cadences, metrical structure, role of the contratenor, and range of note values, I discuss the style of the chansons, first in general, and then layer by layer, charting the changes in a crucial period. Although these changes are gradual, it is possible to follow the development of the chanson during the period between 1450 and the beginning of the sixteenth century.
The Laborde Chansonnier contains twenty-five unica, of which four have appeared in modern editions, and one of which is incomplete. I have transcribed the other twenty and also four other chansons which I could not find in modern editions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Barretto-Tesoro, Mary Grace Lualhati. "Social identities and earthenware functions in 15th century AD Philippines." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613212.
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Fahy, Brian. "Holistic shipwreck assemblages in 14th and 15th century Southeast Asia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a26a290-3bd3-423d-9e30-18bf314aeac8.
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The ceramic trade throughout Medieval Southeast Asia was prolific. Terrestrial sites have yielded massive amounts of ceramic material and the archaeological reports of shipwreck cargoes corroborate the versatile and extensive qualities of trade ceramics in the region. The sheer quantity of ceramic artefacts found in shipwreck assemblages, paired with a well-researched framework of the aesthetic, demonstrates that we rely heavily on ceramic data to date wrecks and establish regional trading patterns. While ceramics typically represent the bulk of the recovered material in these instances, many other types of material are present in the various assemblages. Yet these "lesser" materials suffer from a lack of investigation and, therefore, play virtually no role in the archaeological and historical assessment of the ship, its cargo, and its relationship to the maritime economy of the period. While ceramic studies may provide a general overview, a consideration of the other material provides subtlety and nuance to the analysis. This case study focuses on the non-ceramic assemblages for six shipwrecks from the 14th and 15th Centuries of Southeast Asia (three Chinese-built and three Southeast Asian-styled junks). The typological study of the metallurgical, organic and geological material from these wrecks can complement much of the work surrounding existing trade models as well as reveal new concepts of crew life, belief systems and culture. These facets come together to offer a more holistic narrative as well as stimulating the need within the region for more study regarding the locations where past peoples mined and manufactured raw metals. The thesis will also consider the motivations behind the excavators of these projects and what role this plays in the interpretation of the non-ceramic material. One wreck was excavated by treasure hunters, one was done by an amateur archaeologist and a curator, and a third was excavated by a governmental organization. Two excavations were conducted by a non-profit foundation in conjunction with a National Museum and a final one was a purely academic excavation. Each party brings their own experiences and motivations to the excavation and therefore the systems of collection, curation, and conservation weigh heavily and are varied. These factors can determine what priorities each excavator brings to the analysis of excavated objects and the extent to which this effects the subsequent interpretation of the shipwreck.
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Versloot, Arianus Pieter. "Mechanisms of language change vowel reduction in 15th century West Frisian /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.
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Flint, Catrena M. "The Schola Cantorum, early music and French political culture, from 1894 to 1914 /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102800.
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This dissertation is based on the study of over 340 performances of early music given by the Parisian Schola Cantorum and its sister association, the Chanteurs de Saint-Gervais, between 1894 and 1914. The first chapter explores performance trends for this repertoire in isolation. Chapter 2 is an attempt to root out personal reasons for the changes in Schola programming, and also provides a sketch of the community that was behind the institution. The next chapter considers how Schola programming may have been affected by changes to the institution's mandate, goals, and relationship to the Conservatoire and other Republican institutions. The circle widens in Chapter 4, with a discussion of the relevance of Bordes's revival to sacred music reform. In the final chapter, the Schola's revival is placed in the broader context of French fin-de-siecle politics and nationalism in particular.This dissertation provides a new assessment of Charles Bordes and Vincent d'Indy's respective biographies and demonstrates that many of the right-wing programming tendencies at the Schola should be attributed to Bordes. The importance of personal networks is emphasized in most of the dissertation. In addition to providing information on an unprecedented number of Schola concert types, this dissertation identifies the importance of looking to revivals of seventeenth-century music after 1898. For this repertoire provided an analogue for Ferdinand Brunetiere's ideas of an ideal, seventeenth-century French. An important shift in concert type and repertoire after 1904 provides a new window on d'Indy biography and underscores the transformation of the French public's musical values around the same time. The Schola's role in the reform of sacred music has been over estimated. The papal motu proprio of 1903 only reiterated instructions on sacred music previously handed down by the Sacred Congregation of Rites in 1894 and it was probably not directed specifically at the Parisian Schola Cantorum. The Schola's concerts of early music became sites for the expression of cultural difference. Much like many concerts exclusively devoted to this repertoire---and unlike many events that combined early and contemporary music---the "Frenchness" expressed at these events was intended to remain beyond the grasp of the average French citizen.
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Swanick, Lois Ann. "An analysis of navigational instruments in the Age of Exploration: 15th century to mid-17th century." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3235.
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During the Age of Exploration, navigation evolved from a field filled with superstition into a modern science in Portugal, Spain, and England. The most common navigation instruments utilized and their subsequent innovations are discussed. The refinement of these instruments led to increased accuracy in cartography, safer shipping, and increased trade globally in the period. In order to have the most comprehensive collection of navigation instruments, I investigated 165 shipwrecks dated between 1500 and 1700. Each of these vessels have been located, surveyed, and/or excavated in whole or in part. A comprehensive list of these vessels, compiled for the first time, has been included. This thesis analyzes navigation-related artifacts recovered from 27 of these shipwreck sites. These instruments provide the basis to develop a typology for archaeologists to more closely date these finds. The navigation instruments recovered from the wreck of LaBelle (1686) are discussed in detail. These instruments and related historical documents kept by the navigator provide a more comprehensive picture of the instruments accuracy and usefulness. This thesis particularly focuses on the nocturnal/planisphere recovered from the site. This unique instrument is one of only four known to exist worldwide and remains accurate enough to be utilized today. Analysis by a modern astronomer has been included, as well as a partial translation of the common names for constellations inscribed on the instrument. These common names provide some important insights into the received knowledge of sailors and non-academic astronomy during this period. It is hoped that this thesis will be of assistance to archaeologists working to identify, study, and appreciate navigational instruments recovered from shipwrecks. With increased documentation and closer dating, these instruments will become a more valuable portion of the archaeological record.
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Upper, Lauren Elizabeth. "Printing colour in the age of Durer 'Chiaroscuro' woodcuts of the German-speaking lands, 1487-ca. 1600." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608045.
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Ripoll, Sastre Pere. "Llibre de vuit senyals (15th century): an edition, legal and comparative study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/587144.
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A partir del privilegiat i complert fons documental de la Diputació del General de Catalunya, s’estudia comparativament aquesta institució amb relació a corporacions similars existents durant l’època baixmedieval i moderna a l’Europa occidental (Brabant, Venaissí i Navarra). Tenint en compte la normativa recollida en el Llibre dels Quatre Senyals, que configura el règim jurídic de la Generalitat a partir de la refoma de 1413, la nostra recerca posa en valor totes aquelles disposicions anteriors compilades en el Llibre de Vuit Senyals que van perfilar els orígens i primeres passes de la Diputació del General de Catalunya entre finals del segle XIII i 1413. L’objectiu primordial d’aquesta tesi ha estat plantejar i assolir un marc de recerca que ha portat a descobrir la localització d’aquest manuscrit, fins avui en dia conegut però no identificat, que ha donat lloc a una edició acurada del seu contingut i a un estudi complementari de totes les qüestions tant tècniques, jurídiques com històriques que han sorgit al voltant d’aquest document. Per altra banda, s’analitza el marc institucional on s’insereix el Llibre de Vuit Senyals, que explica com la Generalitat és una institució sorgida d’un procés d’emancipació estamental que dona lloc a una estructura i processos encaminats a limitar i prohibir la intervenció reial en diferents matèries, provocant no només a Catalunya sinó a altres parts d’Europa el fenòmen del pactisme jurídic i del dualisme polític, qüestió que s’exposa més detalladament mitjançant l’anàlisi del nomenament de comissions estamentals.From the privileged and complete documentary collection of the Deputació del General de Catalunya, we study comparatively this institution in relation to similar corporations existing during the late medieval and modern times of Western Europe (Brabant, Venaissin and Navarre). Taking into account the regulations contained in the Llibre de Quatre Senyals, which articulates the legal system of the Generalitat from the reform of 1413, our research highlights all those previous provisions compiled in the Llibre de Vuit Senyals that outlined the origins and first steps of the Diputació del General de Catalunya between the end of the 13th century and 1413.The primary objective of this thesis has been to raise and achieve a research framework that has led to the localization of the manuscript, known but not identified, which, on the other hand, has provoked an adequate edition of its content and a study complementary to all the technical, legal or historical issues arising from it. The institutional framework detailed by the manuscript is also analyzed, which explains how the Generalitat emerges from the process of emancipation of the estates, giving rise to processes and structures aimed at limiting and prohibiting the royal intervention in different matters, as well as giving rise not only in Catalonia but in other parts of Europe the phenomenon of legal pactism and political dualism, exposed in more detail through the analysis of the appointment of the commissions of the estates.
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Stavrou, Athanasia. "Socio-economic conditions in 14th and 15th century Thessalonike : a new approach." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1630/.
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The thesis deals with the socio-economic conditions prevailing in the city of Thessalonikê in the 14th and 15th centuries. One of the main aims is to address certain methodological issues linked to the period of transition from the Byzantine to the Ottoman Empire. In this effort, we have employed as an analytical tool the economic theory of New Institutional Economics, which lays significant importance in the study of the institutional framework of societies. The main strands of the thesis are two: firstly, the exploration of the ideological concerns, internal conflicts and response of the Thessalonian society to the changing political environment until the final subjection of the city to the Ottoman Turks in 1430. Secondly, the behaviour of the Thessalonian elite in terms of social and economic practice through an examination of its relationship with the Athonite monasteries and the Late Byzantine state. Our ultimate goal is to shed light on the way provincial elite of Thessalonikê adapted to the political and economic conditions that prevailed in the Late Byzantine period.
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Guptā, Puṣpā Bhargava Dayanand. "Rasa in the Jaina Sanskrit Mahākāvyas : from 8th to 15th century A.D. /." Delhi : Eastern book linkers, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377021814.
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Goulet, Marie-Maude. "Analyses et comparaisons des techniques répétitives utilisées dans les oeuvres séculaires et sacrées de Loyset Compère." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19481.
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This study is the first step toward a better understanding of the introduction of pervasive imitation at the end of the fifteenth century. The focus is on selected works of Loyset Compère: the ténor motet Omnium bonorum plena, two motetti missales cycles and twenty chansons. Four types of repetition have been identified in these works: imitation, free repetition, repeated modules and doubling. The main analysis is based on the statistical frequency of the different types of repetition. Percentage tables allow us to observe stylistic changes between early and late chansons and also underline some resemblances between late chansons and motetti missales. Different types of repetition tend to vary in length; imitation generally uses longer melodic lines than other types of repetition. I also studied pitch intervals of repetition used by Compère. I have noticed that unlike some composers of the time, Compère used pitch intervais other than the octave and unison, mainly the fifth and principally in his late chansons. Finally, I have constructed a System of modular classification which allowed me to identify unifying devices used by Compère in his motetti missales. The results presented in this thesis suggest that Loyset Compère was a major contributor to the evolution of pervasive imitation.
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Davis, Bryan Patrick. "As pe Boke Tellip: Reading and writing "Piers Plowman" in the 15th century /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487946103565709.
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Blachly, Alexander. "Mensuration and tempo in 15th-century music : cut signatures in theory and practice /." Ann Arbor (Mich.) : UMI, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400633697.
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Hawes, Claire. "Community and public authority in later fifteenth-century Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7812.
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This thesis offers a reassessment of the political culture of Scotland in the later fifteenth century, from c. 1440 to c. 1490, through an examination of communitarian discourses and practices. It argues that the current understanding of political relations is limited by too great a focus upon personal relationships. While these were undoubtedly important, it is necessary also to consider the structures of law and governance which framed political interactions, and the common principles and values which underpinned action, in order to gain a fuller picture. In particular, it is argued that the current model, which assumes a more or less oppositional relationship between crown and ‘political community', ought to be replaced with a public domain in which claims to authority were asserted and contested. This approach allows the familiar political narrative to be firmly connected to the ideas expressed in contemporary advice literature, while also situating political authority spatially, by asking how it was experienced as well as how it was projected. The focus upon language and space allows for clear parallels to be drawn between different local political cultures, and allows connections and contrasts to be made between those cultures and the norms of kingship and lordship. It argues that reforms to civil justice made during James III's reign have played a far more important part in the turbulent politics of the time than has been appreciated, that both royal and aristocratic authority could be presented as acting both for the common good and for the interests of the crown, and that Scotland's towns not only had a vibrant political culture of their own, but were an important part of the politics of the realm.
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Campbell, Jill. "Architectural design and exterior display in gentry houses in 14th - and 15th -century England." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579771.
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This thesis examined the architectural design and exterior display in gentry houses in fourteenth- and fifteenth-century England. The research investigated how and why the exterior of these buildings were designed, and outlined the methods medieval builders and architects used in order to achieve this. It considered the argument that the design of the exterior of these houses was driven by the rise of the nouveaux riches who used it to display their status. Late medieval England was an era of increasing social mobility amongst the upper levels of society. As this group grew, it became increasingly important for the newly enriched familes to display their position through their home, and for the existing members to keep up with the latest developments and styles. The implications of the results in this thesis are wide reaching. No longer can it be claimed that the houses of the late medieval gentry were not designed. This is a study of breadth rather than depth which seeks to identify general principles informing the planning of elevations, rather than undertake a detailed study of a single building. Consequently, seven sites were studied from which a total of eleven architectural devices were recorded. Devices such as in-filling the facade with gables, and the creation of a central point on the exterior around which an axis of symmetry was formed, were used to establish a sense of balance. This suggested that presenting a balanced outward face was important in the medieval period, and was not confined to the post-medieval period. This thesis emphasised the need for scholars to go back and study houses that were believed to be relatively well understood, particularly those that fit the conventional models, to look for elements of design that may not have been previously recognised.
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Otto, Jeffrey Scott. "A philological survey of late 15th-century Wallachian edicts in the Hilandar Monastery Library." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1382979583.
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Nadhiri, Aman Asili Ya Wittig Joseph S. "Sarasins and Franks perceptions of self and the other in 12th-15th century literature /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2212.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English." Discipline: English and Comparative Literature; Department/School: English and Comparative Literative.
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Jauch, Linda. "Women, power and political discourse in fifteenth-century northern Italy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252268.
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Friedlander, Peter G. "The life and works of Raidās." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1990. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29365/.
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This thesis examines the life and works of the 15th century Indian Saint known as Raidas by Hindi speakers and as Ravidas by Panjabi speakers. The first chapter surveys the sources for the study of his life and investigates what is known of his life and the development of his hagiography. The second chapter describes the manuscript sources for the vani of Raidas. The third chapter examines the original form of Raidas's works and how their transmission within oral traditions influenced their content prior to their being set down in manuscript form. The fourth chapter is a study of the teachings of Raidas as found in this critical edition of his works. The fifth chapter is an examination of the differences between the DSdQ PanthT, Sikh, and Nath recensions of the vani. In this chapter it is argued that it is those portions of the vani which are found in most, or all, the recensions of the vani which are most likely to represent original compositions of Raidas himself and the early Raidas tradition. The sixth chapter is a critical edition of 111 padas and 6 sakhis based on twelve sources which predate AD 1700, accompanied by an annotated translation of the text. The seventh and eighth chapters contain a full etymological glossary of the text and brief descriptive grammar of the vani and its prosody.
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Fahey, Kathleen Agnes. "Some shorter satirical poems in English from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:15454664-6d83-483e-93ac-025843416231.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a thorough introduction to shorter satirical poetry in Middle English, and also to provide stimulus and material for further study in this somewhat neglected area of medieval English literature. The thesis presents 83 newly transcribed, edited and annotated shorter (approximately 200 ll. or less) poems, which have never before been collected. Strictly political poems, more properly the subject of a separate study, are not included, nor are the poems of Dunbar, Skelton, Henryson and Hoccleve, which are available in excellent editions. The poems are loosely grouped according to the subjects they satirize: clergy, women and marriage, money and venality, rogues and fools, specific people, and medical recipes. A lengthy introduction briefly discusses the problem of defining satire in the Middle English period before going on to discuss the background of medieval satire for each group. For each poem there are notes which clarify difficult points as well as give information on the manuscripts and editions in which the poem appears. Appendix A prints a not hitherto recognized parody of Lydgate's A Valentine to Our Lady with the text of Lydgate's poem facing, and discusses some of the difficulties of recognizing parody in Middle English in light of this particular example. Appendix B is an index which attempts to list all nonnarrative satirical verse in English which appeared between the thirteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A glossary of difficult words in the texts is included.
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Kolb, Paul Lawrence. "Intertextuality, exegesis, and composition in polytextual motets around 1500." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aaf9f53a-196e-4fc0-8ffb-e37b3353f1d4.
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Over 450 motets survive from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries which were composed with multiple simultaneously sounding texts. The size of this repertory has been underestimated and its importance under-acknowledged. Narratives of the genre overemphasize early fifteenth-century (and earlier) polytextuality due to its association with arcane rhythmic structuring techniques while stressing a new musical-textual ideal later in the century. This thesis is the first attempt to address the repertory of polytextual motets from the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries as a whole. It resituates polytextuality as a central aspect of the genre even after the supposed rise of musical humanism. It suggests a new partitioning of the repertory based on different relationships of texts and cantus firmi. It proposes that the function of cantus firmi shifts during this period toward acting in dialogue with the text(s) of the other voices, even though this dialogic aspect fades away by the mid-sixteenth century. It engages in case studies on small groups of motets, in which the notation, composition, and texts of motets are analyzed, especially concerning cantus firmi as elements of musical structure and as bearers of liturgical, biblical, devotional, and other associations. While scholars have undertaken numerous analyses of individual motets, less common are case studies which ask both why certain texts and cantus firmi were combined and how they were integrated into the musical structure. The appendix includes a catalogue of the repertoire of polytextual motets and chansons with Latin cantus firmi over this period, with indexes by cantus firmus and composer. Also included are transcriptions of seven polytextual compositions without published editions. My research demonstrates the importance of polytextuality within the genre, the sophistication of the compositions using it, and its ability to provide commentary on a number of theological, devotional, political, and aesthetic issues.
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Olivastri, Valentina. "Antonio Pistoia : the poetic world of a customs collector." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1349290/.
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The object of the present study is Antonio Pistoia (1436? - 1502), a jocular poet and customs collector who worked mainly in Northern Italy. Although his reputation as a notable literary figure has suffered from neglect in recent times, his work was appreciated by and known to his contemporaries including Pietro Aretino, Ludovico Ariosto, Matteo Bandello, Francesco Berni and Baldesar Castiglione. Research on his life and work came to a halt at the beginning of this century and since then he has failed to attract significant attention. The present study attempts to review and re-examine both the man and his work with a view to putting Antonio Pistoia back on the literary map. My thesis is based on the idea that a poet can be explored from various points of view and with different methodologies tailored to the objects under investigation. In the case of Pistoia a biographical history alone or an interpretation of his work alone would provide only partial results. By combining the two I have attempted to see how he and his work fitted within the cultural scene, the social and historical setting of Renaissance Italy in a period of political and military crisis. Based on archive work and on new textual material retrieved from a number of European libraries, this study challenges and tests widely held theories concerning both his biography and his literary production. By collecting fresh references and winnowing old ones, it throws new light on a series of specific issues from matters of identification relating to the poet's life, the critical fortune of his collection of sonnets, his play Panfila and other minor works, and to problems of uncertain authorship, including poems of undisputed, doubtful and arbitrary attribution; the final section is devoted to his Canzoniere, its composition and the tradition to which it belongs and a thematic and stylistic overview of his poems. A codicological analysis of the allegedly autograph manuscript and a listing of Pistoia's archival documents, manuscripts and early printed sources, completely assembled for the first time and comprehensive of additional new findings, conclude the study.
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Davies, Martin Charles. "Friends and enemies of Poggio : studies in Quattrocento humanist literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d9b0db71-a5ec-426f-8ddf-ba7d05a15ab7.
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The last chapter does not directly concern Poggio, but publishes letters between two of his most bitter enemies, Niccolo Perotti and Lorenzo Valla. They date from the period of the protracted polemics exchanged between them and him (1451-54). An effort is made to characterise the scribe of these letters, and to place him in the context of humanist education. New information on Valla and Perotti is also integrated into their biographies.
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Kalatzi, Maria. "Georgios Hermonymos a 15th Century scribe and scholar : an examination of his life, activities and manuscripts." Thesis, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285506.
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Moller, Kathrin. "The representation of women as destructive forces in 15th-century Spanish prose, with special reference to 'Celestina'." Thesis, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369093.
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Tanner, Roland J. "The political role of the Three Estates in Parliament and General Council in Scotland, 1424-1488." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/10986.
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This thesis examines the political role of the three estates in the Scottish parliament and general council between 1424 and 1488. Previous histories of the Scottish parliament have judged it to be weak and constitutionally defective. By placing each meeting of the estates within the context of political events, examining the frequency of meetings, identifying previously unknown parliaments, and studying those who attended and sat on its committees, a more detailed picture of parliament's role and influence has been created. A broadly chronological approach has been used in order to place parliaments in the context of the time in which they sat. Chapters 1 and 2 examine parliament between the return of James I from England in 1424 and 1435 and show the opposition he faced regarding taxation and the developing noble and clerical resentment to attempts to extend royal authority in the secular and ecclesiastical spheres. Chapters 3 and 4 discuss the crisis in parliament and general council between 1436 and James I's death, its role in the establishment of a new minority government, and the interaction between the Crichton, Livingston and Douglas families between 1437 and 1449. Chapter 5 examines James II's use of parliament as a tool against the Black Douglases between 1450 and 1455, while Chapter 6 shows parliament's ability to exert influence over royal lands and possessions and to criticise royal behaviour from 1455 to 1460. Chapter 7 shows the role of factions in parliament in the minority of James III, and their ability to undermine the government. Chapters 8, 9 and 10 discuss the campaign of criticism against James III in the 1470s, the parliamentary crisis that faced him in 1479-82, and the greater royal control exerted in the 1480s. Chapter 11 examines the lords of the articles between 1424 and 1485 and concludes that the committee was not, as has formerly been suggested, a royal board of control. In conclusion the Scottish parliament is judged to have played a leading role in political affairs, providing a forum in which the estates were able to criticise, oppose and defeat the crown over a broad range of issues.
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Woo, Tze-Yan. "Wills and bequests : male and female testators in medieval East Anglia 1400-1520." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610507.
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Bružaitė, Reda. "Parish clergy in the diosesis of Vilnius and Samogitia in the 15th – 3rd quarter of the 16th century." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121001_092709-21313.
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The thesis aims to research and produce the group portrait of parish clergy of Vilnius and Samogitia dioceses in the 15th – 3rd quarter of the 16th century. The analysis of almost all known sources and even occasional references provides possibility to reveal whether there were priests of local descent; representatives of which social strata opted for ecclesiastical career; how many of them performed the function of pastoral care effectively – resided in the area and were ordained; how many of them observed celibacy and other requirements for priesthood. The study also aims at establishing the degree of cohesion between parish clergy and hierarchically superior clergymen as well as other factors influential of the formation of common social identity. Already in the 15th century the diocesan clergy in the dioceses of Vilnius and Samogitia was an integral part of the universal Church. Main characteristics of examined parish clergy were common to all pre-Trent clergy in Europe: an absence of appropriate training; a lack of attitude to the requirements for priesthood of both clergyman and civics, an issue of residence, differences between high clergy and usual parsons. The late baptism and the social structure of the GDL were influential to some specific features of parish clergy in dioceses of Vilnius and Samogitia: a number of clergy in parishes was low; a diversity of parish clergy was also rather low; clergymen were representatives of the nobility; priests of Polish origin... [to full text]Disertacijoje siekta ištirti XV–XVI a. trečio ketvirčio Vilniaus ir Žemaičių vyskupijų parapinę dvasininkiją, kaip specifinę socialinę grupę. Pasitelkus beveik visus prieinamus šaltinius ir apibendrinus daugelį pavienių žinučių ieškota atsakymų į tokius klausimus kaip, ar buvo vietinės kilmės dvasininkų; kokių socialinių sluoksnių atstovai pasirinkdavo dvasininko luomą; kiek jie efektyviai atliko sielovadinį darbą – ar rezidavo, ar turėjo šventimus; kiek paisė celibato ir kitų dvasininkų gyvenimo būdui keltų reikalavimų. Taip pat siekta ištirti parapinės dvasininkijos ryšius su hierarchiškai aukštesniais dvasininkais bei kitus veiksnius, formavusius bendrą luominę savimonę. Tyrimas leido pakoreguoti kai kuriuos lig šiol istoriografijoje kartotus stereotipus, o kai kurias istorikų įžvalgas patvirtino šaltinių duomenimis. Vilniaus ir Žemaičių vyskupijų diecezinė dvasininkija jau XV a. buvo integrali visuotinės Bažnyčios dalis. Daugelis išskirtų svarbiausių tendencijų buvo būdingos visai ikitridentinei katalikų dvasininkijai: nenuoseklus pasirengimas kunigystei, tiek dvasininkų, tiek pasauliečių atsainus požiūris į kunigišką discipliną, rezidavimo problema, atskirtis tarp aukštųjų dvasininkų laikiusių parapijas ir paprastų klebonų. Kita vertus, vėlyvas šalies krikštas bei krašto socialinės sanklodos ypatybes teikė Vilniaus ir Žemaičių vyskupijų parapinei dvasininkijai savito kolorito: dvasininkų skaičius čia buvo mažesnis; menkesnė buvo ir parapijose veikusios dvasininkijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Norris, R. Mae. "Beyond the battlefield : Venice's Condottieri families and artistic patronage : the Colleoni of Bergamo, Martinengo di Padernello of Brescia and the Savorgnan del Monte of Udine (1450-1600)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708397.
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Le, Brusque Georges Henri Pascal. "From Agincourt (1415) to Fornovo (1495) : aspects of the writing of warfare in French and Burgundian 15th century historiographical literature." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/from-agincourt-1415-to-fornovo-1495--aspects-of-the-writing-of-warfare-in-french-and-burgundian-15th-century-historiographical-literature(9f44f161-8dad-4ac8-8bf4-9579137df243).html.
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Himsworth, Katherine. "The Peniarth MS 22 Brut y Brenhinedd and continuation chronicle, and its 15th century Aberystwyth scribe, Dafydd ap Maredudd Glais." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/5dcc8e8b-3f1d-4a4d-9713-d9ed9c7288f1.
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The Peniarth 22 manuscript is, except for the last four pages, a fifteenth-century copy of Brut y Brenhinedd, the Welsh translation of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae; it was penned in 1444 by one Dafydd ap Maredudd Glais. It belongs to the Dingestow family of manuscripts, which in turn is related, in part, to the Llanstephan Version and Liber Coronacionis Britanorum manuscripts, although the detail of this relationship - and that of the Dingestow manuscripts to one another - still begs a number of questions. Peniarth 22 itself is very similar to, though not a copy of, the early fourteenth-century NLW 3036B manuscript. But there are differences in the orthography, and to a lesser extent in the grammatical constructions used by Dafydd which shed light on the changes that were being gradually adopted in the fifteenth century. This is particularly true of the last four pages, which contain Dafydd's own translation of a Latin chronicle, which comprises a continuation of the Brut. While incomplete, largely formulaic and in parts illegible, it includes detail of historical as well as linguistic interest. Dafydd himself, far from being an institutional scribe, led a colourful life including both murder and public service in fifteenth-century Aberystwyth. But he was not, as previously thought, a cleric.
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Walls, Abby. "Libro de las claras e virtuosas mugeres: A Critical Edition and Study of Alvaro de Luna's 15th Century Castilian Manuscripts." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/187515.
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SpanishPh.D.
The purpose of this dissertation is to produce a critical edition of Álvaro de Luna's 15th century manuscript, Libro de las claras e virtuosas mugeres. This Castilian text is a compilation of biographies of good and virtuous women similar to that of the widely studied De claris mulieribus by Giovanni Boccaccio. Scholars however, have neglected Luna's version for various reasons that are discussed within this dissertation. Libro de las claras e virtuosas mugeres is a significant work because it complements other texts within the genre of defense literature and provides a good argument against the misogynistic texts in the debate on women in the Middle Ages. Within this dissertation, the Introduction serves to orient the reader through the debate on women in 15th century Castile and to contextualize the Libro de las claras e virtuosas mugeres within it. Through the discussion of the debate on women in medieval Iberia, we will show how Luna's work is a necessary, but forgotten element. Also pertinent is the notorious past of don Álvaro, and how this has negatively impacted the reception of his work. This dissertation also compiles all critical studies and editions currently in print and discusses their merits. Finally in the Introduction, we explain how we took into account Bernard Cerquiglini's concept of variance and John Dagenais' theory that in order to come close to the medieval reading of the text, it is necessary to replicate the manuscripts, not to modernize them. Thus, we produced transcriptions that were as close to the original texts as possible, rather than attempting to correct or modernize them. In order to produce the critical edition necessary for a proper study of the Libro de las claras e virtuosas mugeres, this dissertation contains two transcriptions of the two oldest extant manuscripts: ms. B (2654) and ms. S (207). Within ms. B we also provide a critical apparatus, which shows the lexical and orthographical differences between the two. Additionally for the benefit of the reader, we provide four Appendices: the missing chapter of the Queen of Sheba (not included in ms. B), a list of all the women Luna included in his work, and facsimilar samples of both manuscripts. It is our desire to promote a renewed interest in this forgotten, yet extremely important 15th century Castilian manuscript.
Temple University--Theses
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Höller, Beatrice [Verfasser], and Melanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Trede. "Pictures in Words. Words in Pictures Entangled Mnemonics in Kyoto in the Late 15th Century / Beatrice Höller ; Betreuer: Melanie Trede." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221452320/34.
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Reddaway, Chloe. "Visual theology in 14th and 15th century Florentine frescoes : a theological approach to historical images, sacred spaces, and the modern viewer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/visual-theology-in-14th-and-15th-century-florentine-frescoes(820ba67a-1f99-4f1b-8230-43552009dd4c).html.
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Although Christianity is a ’religion of the book’, visual art has played a crucial role in the history of theological communication, and the premise of this thesis is that historical images are a potentially rich, but underused, theological resource for modern Christians. Art historical analyses are rarely intended or equipped to demonstrate the rich theological potential of attentive interaction between the modern viewer and historical images, and do not take account of the fundamentally incarnational nature of Christian images. There have been, however, relatively few attempts at theological interpretation of historical Christian images and minimal discussion of an appropriate methodology for doing so, despite increased interest in the relationship between theology and visual art. This thesis proposes a methodology for the theological interpretation of images, drawing on critical hermeneutics in theology and literary studies, the approaches of reader criticism, reception theory, and cultural history, the insights of art historical analysis, and a Christian understanding of religious art and sacred place. It demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach through case studies drawn from Florentine fresco cycles of the 14th and 15th centuries, enriching the experience of the modern viewer. In particular it addresses the materiality of images and the relationship between the space within images, the spaces of their locations, and their interaction with the spatially located viewer. The images are shown to be sophisticated pieces of visual theology with the capacity to express complex theological ideas of creation, incarnation, transformation and revelation, in powerfully engaging ways. They present a redeemed, post-resurrection view of creation in which materiality does not, or need not, equate to separation from God; an anti-dualist confession of faith in which content and composition, content and medium, concept and form, image and viewer, interpenetrate to enable material revelation of the divine, with potentially transformative effects.
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Kusche, Brigitte. "Frauenaufklärung im Spätmittelalter : eine philologisch-medizinhistorische Untersuchung und Edition des gynäkologisch-obstetrischen GKS 1657 Kopenhagen." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1990. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-84905.
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This dissertation consists of two parts. Part I deals with analyses of the textstructure, the content and the possible sources of GKS. 1657. Part II is a critical edition of manuscript GKS 1657 in the Royal Library in Copenhagen. The manuscript dates from the 15th century and is written in the southern Dutch dialect of Brabant but with touches of Flemish. It is an instruction manual for women and deals with pregnancy, childbirth, child-care, menstruation and women's diseases. It is characterized by a frank view on sexuality and shuns value judgements in its attitude towards women. In addition to this neutral, perhaps even progressive attitude, the manuscript also contains scraps of popular magic and cabbala. GKS 1657 is rich in both language and content and provides important documentation of women's culture. In the study GKS 1657 is compared with MS 593, which is from the same period and region. MS 593 also deals with menstruation, women's diseases and, briefly, with childcare, but not with pregnancy and childbirth. Although the subject matter of MS 593 bears in certain parts, a similarity with that of GKS 1657, it is presented differently. MS 593 also lacks the marginal notes indicating that GKS 1657 was in use over a period of 150 - 200 years. The comparison shows the complexity of such manuscripts as well as the inadvisability of attaching simple labels to attitudes in any particular epoch. A major aim of the study is to make manuscript GKS 1657 availible to readers other than those normally interested in medieval texts and to stimulate further interdisciplinary studies.digitalisering@umu
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Liles, Linda Kathleen. "Guide to the pilgrim churches at Rome a late 15th century manuscript in Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Kim, Kwi Soon. "The decline of the Christian church in Turkey in the 15th and 20th century : a church-historical study / Kwi Soon Kim." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8456.
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This thesis explores the reasons that contributed to the decline of the Christian population
during the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empires. Furthermore, the study compares the
differences and similarities in the causes of the decline of Christianity in the land of Turkey
during the Medieval and modem eras.
In the Byzantine Empire, especially during the late periods of the 11 th -15th centuries, the
Eastern Church was not independent. Most of the time, the Church subordinated herself to
the state. This subordination led to compromise with the political power and spiritual
deterioration. The clergymen, for instance, lived a loose lifestyle and neglected their
responsibilities. Moreover, the Church's original eschatological expectation and apocalyptic
ideas dissipated. The teaching of the Scripture was ignored.
The Church in the Ottoman Empire existed under the Muslim authority. Christians became
second-rate citizens, and lived in restricted situations under the Islamic law for about four
hundred years. Many Christians became Muslims because of various advantageous options
that were given by the Muslim rulers during the 15th - 17th centuries. Like the Byzantine
Church, the Church in the Ottoman Empire was also corrupted by the financial greed of the
bishops who had political ambitions.
With the coming of missionaries in the nineteenth century, the Christian minority lived
energetic lives for a century. However, when nationalism arose among the minorities, the
Church got deeply involved in politics and suffered with their parishioners. As a result,
numerous Greeks, and over one million Armenians paid their lives for their earthly freedom
from the Ottoman Empire during the 19th and 20th centuries. The Christian population
shrank. Sadly, only a handful of Christians have remained. The study concludes that although
various reasons contributed to the decline of Christianity and Christian population, the main
reason was the Church herself.Thesis (M.A. (Church and Dogma History))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010
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Abulgasem, Jamila Muhammad Salah. "An examination of the Sub-Sahara with particular reference to the Sunghay Empire : mid 9th to 10th/15th to 16th century." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537834.
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Nijenhuis, Wiesje Fimke. "The vision of Edmund Leversedge : a 15th-century account of a visit to the otherworld edited from BL MS Additional 34,193 /." [Netherlands] : W. F. Nijenhuis, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35472577n.
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Avelar, de Carvalho Helena. "Vir sapiens dominabitur astris: astrological knowledge and practices in the Portuguese medieval court (king João I to king Afonso V)." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6672.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau
de Mestre em História MedievalThe present study addresses the practice of astrology and its cultural repercussions in the 14th and 15th centuries’ Portuguese court. The research is based in the comparative study of three sets of sources: 1) the astrology books from the royal libraries, which reveal the dominant concepts of astrology; 2) the writings of kings João I and Duarte, and prince Pedro, as examples of the practical application of these concepts; 3) the royal chronicles of Fernão Lopes, Gomes Eanes de Zurara and Rui de Pina, as examples of its presence in political discourse. The astrological references occur in three main contexts: the validation of power, the explanation of manners and the debate about determinism-versus-free will. The latter stands as the main fracturing topic in medieval astrology. In any case, the validity of astrology by itself was never in question; the debate revolved only around its limits and its legitimacy in face of Christian faith. Astrology was seen as a sophisticated art, practiced by learned men. Its foundation was the scientific understanding of the natural laws and its practitioners tried to demarcate themselves from common divination and superstition. Due to its pervasiveness in this period, it can be concluded that astrology is an essential factor for the understanding of Portuguese medieval life. The study of the astrological practice, from the perspective of the History of Culture and Mentalities, offers new insights to the understanding of the medieval period.
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Woodman, Isla. "Education and episcopacy : the universities of Scotland in the fifteenth century." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1882.
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Educational provision in Scotland was revolutionised in the fifteenth century through the foundation of three universities, or studia generale, at St Andrews, Glasgow and Aberdeen. These institutions can be viewed as part of the general expansion in higher education across Europe from the late-fourteenth century, which saw the establishment of many new centres of learning, often intended to serve local needs. Their impact on Scotland ought to have been profound; in theory, they removed the need for its scholars to continue to seek higher education at the universities of England or the continent. Scotland’s fifteenth-century universities were essentially episcopal foundations, formally instituted by bishops within the cathedral cities of their dioceses, designed to meet the educational needs and career aspirations of the clergy. They are not entirely neglected subjects; the previous generation of university historians – including A. Dunlop, J. Durkan and L. J. Macfarlane – did much to recover the institutional, organisational and curricular developments that shaped their character. Less well explored, are the over-arching political themes that influenced the evolution of university provision in fifteenth-century Scotland as a whole. Similarly under-researched, is the impact of these foundations on the scholarly community, and society more generally. This thesis explores these comparatively neglected themes in two parts. Part I presents a short narrative, offering a more politically sensitive interpretation of the introduction and expansion of higher educational provision in Scotland. Part II explores the impact of these foundations on Scottish scholars. The nature of extant sources inhibits reconstruction of the full extent of their influence on student numbers and patterns of university attendance. Instead, Part II presents a thorough quantitative and qualitative prosopographical study of the Scottish episcopate within the context of this embryonic era of university provision in Scotland. In so doing, this thesis offers new insights into a neglected aspect of contemporary clerical culture as well as the politics of fifteenth-century academic learning.
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Swisher, Samuel J. (Samuel James). "Humanism and the Council of Florence, 1438-1439." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277649/.
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The study begins with the development of the nature and character of fifteenth century Italian humanism. It then proceeds to delineate the humanist methodological approach to three key areas; rhetoric, grammar, and historical criticism. Having thus laid this necessary foundation, the work examines selected portions of the debates of the council with regard to each of the three key areas, in order to ascertain whether or not a humanistic approach was utilized by the Latin participants in their argumentations. This investigation concludes that the Latin advocates of the council did indeed employ humanist methodology in both the preparation and presentation of their arguments in the debates. Therefore, such evidence strongly suggests that an appreciation and acceptance of the humanist approach to rhetoric, grammar, and textual criticism existed in the church in the early decades of the fifteenth century.
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Taylor, Craig David. "'La querelle Anglaise' : diplomatic and legal debate during the Hundred Years War, with an edition of the polemical treatise 'Pour ce que plusieurs' (1464)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39d8aa2a-182a-44ec-afb4-cc922b6b8305.
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This dissertation offers a study of the fifteenth century French polemical treatises written by authors such as Jean de Montreuil, Jean Juvénal des Ursins, Noël de Fribois and Robert Blondel, together with an edition of perhaps the most important of these works, Pour ce que plusieurs (1464). This treatise may have been written by Guillaume Cousinot II, who had been personally involved in the events surrounding the attack upon Fougères in 1449, a subject addressed in highly partial terms by this text; moreover, Cousinot had visited the Lancastrians in exile in Scotland, which might explain how Sir John Fortescue was able to learn of Jean Juvénal's Tres crestien, tres hault, tres puissant roy (1446), and how Pource que plusieurs in turn drew upon the pamphlets of Fortescue. The polemical texts went beyond moral and chivalric discussion of the war, to address the complex legal and historical issues underpinning the conflict. In response to the English claim to the French throne, Jean de Montreuil adopted the Salic Law, a highly dubious and problematic authority, but one that achieved great fame particularly through the influence of Pour ce que plusieurs. Similarly, the polemical writers rejected English demands for Aquitaine and Normandy in full sovereignty by arguing that no French king could alienate the sovereign rights of the crown. In the sixteenth century, both of these principles were elevated to the status of Fundamental Laws. These texts were not intended to serve as propaganda, but were generally produced by royal officials to serve as manuals for their fellow administrators and diplomats, and perhaps also for the king and other members of the court involved in negotiations with the English. Only in exceptional circumstances were such works disseminated beyond the narrow circles of the government and court, though royal officials did draw upon them when speaking at public assemblies.
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Roshan, Paladugu. "Interdisciplinary study of the dental calculus in skeleton remains from the cemetery of Santa Maria do Olival (Tomar, Portugal) 15th to 16th century A.D." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/25590.
Full textAbstract:
14 humans and 6 faunal dental calculus samples from the medieval necropolis of Santa Maria do
Olival, Tomar were selected for microdebris, isotopes, trace elements and organic residues
analyses. The major aim of the study was to setup methods for analysis of dental calculus to
complement information from bones and teeth. The isotopic values from dental calculi of humans
and fauna were comparable to those from bone collagen and led to similar conclusions on dietary
practices. Trace element values from human and faunal calculi followed similar trends to their
respective bones. Microscopy yielded stray phytoliths from the Poaceae family and no silica
skeletons or starch grains. Organic residues analysis indicated a diet based on protein and
carbohydrates. Evidences of poor air quality due to char substances from incomplete combustion
of wood and biomass were found. Since this is a pilot study, sample size is restricted. The direction
of future research on dental calculus is to analyse a large quantity of samples to generate standard
range of values for isotopes and trace element concentrations; Resumo:
O estudo interdisciplinar do cálculo dentário no esqueleto é feito no
cemitério de Santa Maria do Olival (Tomar, Portugal) - 15th to 16th século
A.D.
Foram selecionadas 14 amostras de humanos e 6 amostras de cálculo dentário da fauna da necrópole
medieval de Santa Maria do Olival, Tomar, para análises de microdíbris, isótopos, oligoelementos e
resíduos orgânicos. O principal objetivo do estudo foi configurar métodos para análise de cálculo
dentário para complementar informações de ossos e dentes. Os valores isotópicos dos cálculos
dentários de humanos e fauna foram comparáveis aos do colágeno ósseo e levaram a conclusões
semelhantes sobre práticas alimentares. Os valores dos elementos de traço dos cálculos humanos e
faunísticos seguiram tendências semelhantes aos seus respectivos ossos. A microscopia produziu
fitólitos dispersos da família Poaceae e nenhum esqueleto de sílica ou grãos de amido. A análise de
resíduos orgânicos indicou uma dieta baseada em proteínas e carboidratos. Evidências de baixa
qualidade do ar devido a substâncias carbonatadas de combustão incompleta de madeira e biomassa
foram encontradas. Como este é um estudo piloto, o tamanho da amostra é restrito. A direção de
pesquisas futuras sobre cálculo dentário é analisar uma grande quantidade de amostras para gerar uma
faixa padrão de valores para isótopos e concentrações de elementos traços.
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Zhou, Xiaohan. "Elements of continuity between mathematical writings from the Song-Yuan (13th - 14th Century) Dynasties and the Ming Dynasty (15th Century) : Comparing Yang Hui's Mathematical Methods (1261 C.E.) and Wu Jing’s Great Compendium (1450 C.E.)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC333.
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Le discours qui insiste sur une « rupture » entre les mathématiques de la période Song-Yuan et celles de la période Ming est très répandu dans les écrits historiques consacrés aux mathématiques en Chine. Cette thèse analyse le processus et les raisons de l’apparition de ce genre de discours, et montre que la représentation en forme de « rupture » ne se présente que lorsque les observateurs examinent les mathématiques depuis certaines perspectives. Cette thèse est consacrée à la recherche d'éléments de continuité entre les mathématiques des Ming et celles des Song et des Yuan. Les Neuf chapitres sur les procédures mathématiques (ci-après, Les Neuf chapitres) ont représenté un ouvrage très important au cours de l’ensemble de ces périodes. L'achèvement des Neuf chapitres, tel que transmis par la tradition écrite, date de quelque part entre le premier siècle avant notre ère et le premier siècle après notre ère. Les Méthodes mathématiques (1261) de Yang Hui et le Grand Compendium (1450) de Wu Jing sont de précieux écrits mathématiques rédigés au cours des deux périodes examinées. Ils sont basés sur Les Neuf chapitres et leurs commentaires antérieurs. Pour ce qui concerne la question de la continuité entre textes mathématiques, ma thèse propose des études de cas comparant ces deux livres, qui montrent que Wu Jing a systématiquement repris des parties du texte des Méthodes mathématiques pour compiler le Grand Compendium. La manière selon laquelle Wu Jing a extrait des passages dans chaque chapitre de Yang Hui pourrait être utilisée pour récupérer en partie le texte de Yang Hui. En ce qui concerne la continuité des idées mathématiques, tout d’abord, l’organisation et l’ordre des problèmes du texte ancien tel que revus par Yang Hui sont des résultats essentiels du traitement des Neuf chapitres par l’érudit des Song. Wu Jing les a repris lorsqu'il a organisé les problèmes du Grand Compendium. Par ailleurs, Yang Hui a beaucoup insisté sur les « méthodes mathématiques ». Il en a ajouté de nouvelles et en a modifié d’autres qui provenaient des Neuf chapitres. Wu Jing a compris ces modifications et les a adoptées dans son Grand Compendium. En même temps, certains concepts et termes mathématiques, ainsi que l’utilisation de diagrammes, relatifs aux méthodes mathématiques qu’avait introduits l’érudit des Song, ont également été intégrés dans le Grand Compendium. Toutes ces découvertes montrent que Les Neuf chapitres qui ont circulé sous la dynastie des Ming avaient largement intégrés les réflexions et le travail de l’érudit des SongThe discourse of “break” between the mathematics of the Song-Yuan period and that of the Ming period is quite widespread in the historical writings dealing with mathematics in China. This thesis analyzes the process and the reasons of the shaping of this kind of discourse and suggests that discourses that insisted on a “break” only appeared when observers looked at mathematics from certain viewpoints. This thesis is devoted to finding elements of continuity between the mathematics of the Ming dynasty and that of the Song-Yuan time period. The Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures (thereafter, The Nine Chapters) represented a very important book during these two periods. The completion date of The Nine Chapters in the form that was handed down is placed somewhere between the first century B.C.E. and the first century C.E. Yang Hui’s Mathematical Methods (1261 C.E.) and Wu Jing’s Great Compendium (1450 C.E.) are extant and precious mathematical writings from the two periods considered, which were based precisely on The Nine Chapters and its ancient commentaries. With respect to the continuity of mathematical text between these two books, my dissertation offers case studies that show that Wu Jing systematically took parts of the text of Mathematical Methods to compile Great Compendium. The rule by which text was extracted from each chapter could be used to partly recover Yang Hui’s text. With respect to the continuity of mathematical ideas, firstly, the arrangement and the order of problems are essential results of the Song scholar’s treatment of The Nine Chapters. They were taken up by Wu Jing when he arranged problems in Great Compendium. Secondly, Yang Hui laid a great emphasis on “mathematical methods”. He added some new mathematical methods and also changed some methods in The Nine Chapters. Wu Jing understood these changes and adopted them in his Great Compendium. Meanwhile, some mathematical concepts and terms, and the use of diagrams, relating to these mathematical methods that the Song scholar introduced, were also absorbed into Great Compendium. All these findings prove that The Nine Chapters that circulated in the Ming dynasty had been largely permeated by the thoughts of the Song scholar
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Schoenaers, Dirk. "Getranslateerd uuten Franssoyse : translation from French into Dutch in Holland in the 15th century : the case of Gerard Potter's Middle Dutch translation of Froissart's 'Chroniques'." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/1277/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation focuses on the intercultural relations between the French-speaking and Dutch-speaking world in Holland in the first half of the fifteenth century. After a turbulent war of succession between the claimants Jacqueline of Bavaria and her uncle John the Pitiless, the counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainault were incorporated into the largely francophone Burgundian empire. It has been suggested that this event marked the end of a flourishing period of cultural production in the Dutch vernacular at the court of Holland. However, as it seems, throughout the fifteenth century translations of French texts were produced for regional and local administrators. Possibly, the Burgundian regional government of Holland, which consisted of foreign as well as indigenous noblemen, may have played an important role in the dissemination of these texts. In this thesis, the subject is addressed by means of the contextualisation of the Middle Dutch version of Jean Froissart’s Chroniques. An analysis of documentary sources suggests that the comital residence at the Hague is best characterised as a multicultural environment inhabited by both bilingual and monolingual individuals. The results of an analysis of the variant readings in the French manuscripts of the Chroniques as compared to its Dutch counterpart show that the French manuscript which served as a model for the translation was probably produced between 1410 and 1418 by the Parisian libraire Pierre de Liffol. A comparison of the translated and original text shows that the translator wants to provide his readership with a text that is optimally intelligible and relevant to their context. Gerijt Potter’s modifications show that his intended audience was familiar with the habits of European courts and had a considerable geographical horizon. Because of the presence of doublets, repetitions and French loans, Potter’s style of writing resembles the official style of the comital chancery. However, a similar style is also found in other late fourteenth and early fifteenth-century translations. In The Hague the translation was probably dispersed (be it on a small scale) among members of the council and their contacts among the high nobility of Holland. Through the intensive contact between the regional councillors and members of local administration, the translation of the Chroniques became available to an audience in the cities.