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1
Soares, Edite Rute dos Santos Bentos. "O concelho portuense em 1551." Master's thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/22755.
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O Concelho Portuense em 1551, estuda um ano camarário do Porto, onde são focados os problemas que fazem parte do dia-a-dia do cidadão portuense, através dos oficiais concelhios e de outros oficiais com actuação diferentes na vereação. Nestas actas são focados os problemas de higiene, segurança e manifestações religiosas que faziam parte do Porto, para além dos administrativos e económicos. Trata-se do estudo, de um registo verdadeiro que, na pessoa do escrivão relata a vida económica, política e social, de uma cidade em meados do século XVI.
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Soares, Edite Rute dos Santos Bentos. "O concelho portuense em 1551." Dissertação, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2001. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000122734.
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O Concelho Portuense em 1551, estuda um ano camarário do Porto, onde são focados os problemas que fazem parte do dia-a-dia do cidadão portuense, através dos oficiais concelhios e de outros oficiais com actuação diferentes na vereação. Nestas actas são focados os problemas de higiene, segurança e manifestações religiosas que faziam parte do Porto, para além dos administrativos e económicos. Trata-se do estudo, de um registo verdadeiro que, na pessoa do escrivão relata a vida económica, política e social, de uma cidade em meados do século XVI.
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Jung, Andreas. "Sequentielle Genotypisierung von Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Isolaten und Übereinstimmung von bakteriologischen Proben aus dem oberen und unteren Respirationstrakt von Patienten mit cystischer Fibrose." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15351.
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Die Frage nach adäquaten mikrobiologischen und molekulargenetischen Methoden, um die Kolonisation des Respirationstrakts von Mukoviszidose-Patienten mit Pseudomonas aeruginosa nachzuweisen und zu charakterisieren, wird kontrovers diskutiert. Von 38 klinisch stabilen Patienten mit cystischer Fibrose (CF) wurden sequentiell im Abstand von 18 Monaten Proben aus Rachenabstrich, Sputum und Bronchiallavage (BAL) entnommen und bezüglich Pseudomonas-Nachweis untersucht. Die Pseudomonas-Stämme wurden mittels Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-Analyse und Pulsfeld-Gelelektrophorese (PFGE) von DNA-Makrorestriktionsfragmenten typisiert und bezüglich der Frage nach genetisch divergierenden Isolaten innerhalb des selben Individuums sowie nach möglichen longitudinalen genetischen Veränderungen evaluiert. Sensitivität, negative und positive prädiktive Werte und Spezifität, um eine P. aeruginosa-Besiedlung zu erkennen, waren 36%, 74%, 83% und 96% im Falle der Kulturen aus dem Oropharynx von nicht-expektorierenden Patienten und 92%, 94%, 100% und 100% für Sputumkulturen von expektorierenden Probanden. RAPD-Analyse und PFGE waren in der Lage, zwischen unterschiedlichen Pseudomonas-Stämmen zu diskriminieren, wobei nur die DNA-Makrorestriktion zwischen Subtypen unterscheiden konnte. Die Genotypen der Pseudomonas-Isolate aus Rachenabstrich und Sputum divergierten in 55% und 40% zu den Isolaten der BAL. Longitudinale Variationen des Genotyps wurden in 62% der Fälle beobachtet, die Hälfte davon war nur mittels bronchoskopisch gewonnener Proben erkennbar. Zusammengefasst besitzen Sputumproben bezüglich des Pseudomonas-Nachweises dieselbe Wertigkeit wie Kulturen aus der BAL, während Rachenabstriche in einer frühen Krankheitsphase für die Charakterisierung der bakteriellen Flora des unteren Respirationstrakts wenig geeignet sind. Die Methode der DNA-Makrorestriktion kann als zuverlässige Technik für epidemiologische Untersuchungen empfohlen werden. Unterschiedliche Genotypen innerhalb desselben Individuums und longitudinale genetische Alterationen sind häufig, jedoch unter Umständen nur bronchoskopisch nachweisbar.There is controversy about adequate specimen to detect and characterise colonisation of cystic fibrosis (CF) airways by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Oropharyngeal, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were evaluated sequentially from 38 stable CF patients for the detection of P. aeruginosa. Pseudomonas strains were typed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of DNA macrorestriction fragments. The occurrence of genetically different isolates within the same host and longitudinal variations in the genotype during repeated examinations was assessed. Sensitivity, negative and positive predictive values and specificity to detect P. aeruginosa were 36%, 74%, 83% and 96% for oropharyngeal cultures in non-expectorating patients and 92%, 94%, 100% and 100% for sputum cultures from expectorating patients, respectively. RAPD analysis and PFGE were suitable to characterize P. aeruginosa CF isolates, although only DNA macrorestriction was able to distinguish between identical and closely related strains. Genotypes of Pseudomonas isolates recovered from oropharyngeal swabs and sputum differed to the strains recovered by bronchoscopy in 55% and 40%, respectively. In 62% longitudinal variations in the genotype occurred. Half of these alterations were only detectable from bronchoscopically obtained samples. In conclusion, sputum samples have the same value as specimens from BAL to detect P. aeruginosa colonisation, whereas cultures from the oropharynx are not suitable for characterising the bacterial conditions in the CF lungs in an early disease state. DNA macrorestriction is recommended as an excellent tool for epidemiological investigations. Different genotypes within the same host and longitudinal genetic alterations are common and may be detectable in the BAL fluid exclusively.
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Wethekam, Stephan Ernst. "Ladungsaustausch schneller Edelgasatome und Fullerene mit Festkörperoberflächen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15951.
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In dieser Arbeit werden Modellsysteme der Wechselwirkung von Atomen, Molekülen und deren Ionen mit Festkörperoberflächen studiert. Die Dissertation besteht aus drei Teilen. Im ersten Teil werden Experimente zur Streuung von He0 und He+ mit keV Energien unter streifendem Einfall an Al(111), Al(100) und Al(110) vorgestellt. Anteile überlebender Ionen und Verschiebungen der Winkelverteilungen für einlaufende Atome und Ionen sind in guter Übereinstimmung mit theoretischen Auger-Neutralisationsraten und He-1s-Grundzustandsenergieverschiebungen. Damit liegt ein detailliertes mikroskopisches Verständnis dieses Modellsystems der Atom-Oberflächen-Wechselwirkung vor. Die Studien wurden auf Edelgase und Oberflächen mit komplexerer elektronischer Struktur sowie Ionisationsprozesse erweitert. Im zweiten Teil wird die Formierung von doppelt-angeregten He-Atomen bei der Streuung von He2+ an Ni(110) und Fe(110) mittels Autoionisationsspektren studiert. Diese zeigen eine ausgeprägte Sensitivität auf die Belegung der Oberflächen mit Adsorbaten und deren Umordnung, Desorption bzw. Lösung im Volumen des Festkörpers bei Erhöhung der Temperatur. In diesem Rahmen ergibt sich eine alternative Interpretation aktueller Arbeiten, in denen Autoionisationsspektren zur Ableitung der Spin-Polarisation von Ni- und und Fe-Oberflächen verwendet wurden. Im dritten Teil werden Winkelverteilungen, Fragmentspektren und Ladungsanteile für die streifende Streuung von C60-Molekülionen mit an Al(100), Be(0001) und LiF(100) studiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass die elastischen Eigenschaften des Fullerens durch Metalloberflächen stark modifiziert werden. Anhand von Verschiebungen von Winkelverteilungen für einfach- und zweifach-geladene einlaufende Ionen werden erstmalig Abstände des Elektroneneinfangs für positiv geladene Fullerenionen vor Metalloberflächen gemessen. Für LiF(100) treten ausgeprägte Anregungen der Moleküle durch das periodische elektrische Feld der Oberfläche auf.This work is devoted to the study of model systems for the interaction of atoms, molecules, and their ions with solid surfaces. The thesis consists of three parts. In the first part, He atoms and ions with keV energies are scattered under grazing angles of incidence from Al(111), Al(100), and Al(110). Fractions of surviving ions and shifts of angular distributions for incident atoms and ions, are in good agreement with theoretically calculated Auger neutralization rates and He 1s ground-state energy shifts. A detailed microscopic understanding for a model system of ion-surface interactions is concluded. The studies are extended to noble gas atoms and surfaces with a more complex electronic structure as well as the Auger ionization process. In the second set of experiments, the formation of doubly excited states of He atoms during collisions of He2+ ions with Ni(110) and Fe(110) is studied via autoionization spectra. The electron spectra show a pronounced dependence on the coverage of the target surface with adsorbates. Thermal desorption and dissolution of surface contaminations into the bulk at elevated temperatures provide an alternative interpretation of recent work where the local electron spin polarization of Ni and Fe surfaces was deduced from autoionization spectra. In the third part, angular distributions, fragmentation, and charge fractions are studied for grazing scattering of C60 fullerene ions from Al(100), Be(0001), and LiF(100). A strong perturbation of the elastic properties of the fullerene by a nearby metal surface is demonstrated. Shifts of angular distributions for incident singly and doubly charged ions for the metal surfaces provide the first information on distances of electron transfer for positively charged fullerenes in front of metal surfaces. For the LiF(100) surface, pronounced internal excitations due to interactions with the periodic electric field at the surface are observed.
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Davies, Brian Patrick. "A homogenous fluorescence assay of micro RNA maturation." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15851.
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Micro RNA sind nicht-kodierende dsRNA ~22 Nukleotiden lang, die eine wichtige Rolle in der Entwicklung und Regulation in beinahe allen Eukaryoten spielen. MiRNAs binden target mRNA, was zu einer Blockierung der Proteintranslation führt. Viele Krankheiten sind bekannt, die durch veränderte miRNA Expressionsmuster entweder beeinflusst oder verursacht werden. Demnach könnte eine Manipulation der miRNA-Bildung einen therapeutischen Ansatz darstellen. MiRNA werden im Zytoplasma von längeren haarnadelförmigen prekursor RNA (pre-miRNA) durch das Enzym Dicer freigsetzt. Inhibition dieser Spaltung könnte durch spezifische pre-miRNA-bindende Moleküle erfolgen. Selektive Binder der pre-miRNA als Inhibitoren der miRNA-Reifung können durch testen von Substanzbibliotheken mit Hochdurchsatzscreening (HTS) gefunden werden. Diese Arbeit beschreibt den ersten homogenen Assay der miRNA-Reifung. Eine Fluoreszenzsonde in Form einer pre-miRNA wurde benutzt, die einen 5´-Fluorophor (FAM, Cy3, oder TMR) und einen 3´-Quencher (DABCYL) aufweist. Durch die nahe Nachbarschaft von Fluorophor und Quencher in der nativen Haarnadelstruktur erfolgt Fluoreszenzlöschung. Dicer spaltet diese Struktur effizient, was zur Dissoziation von Fluorophor und Quencher und somit zu einem Fluoreszenzanstieg führt. Der Assay wurde für HTS optimiert. Die ersten Verbindungen wurden auf deren Inhibition der miRNA-Reifung getestet. Mit einem Duplexassay, wobei zwei unterschiedliche pre-miRNA Sonden mit verschiedenen Fluorophoren eingesetzt wurden, konnte etwas spezifische Inhibition gezeigt werden. Der Assay wurde in Zellen durchgeführt und der Fluoreszenzanstieg mit Fluoreszenzmikroskopie detektiert. Somit ist ein Zell-basiertes Screening von Inhibitoren möglich. Eine einfachere Synthese der Sonde mittels in vitro Transkription und anschließender enzymatischen Ligation wurde entwickelt. Verwendung des Assays um hoch selective Inhibitoren der miRNA-Reifung zu entdecken könnte zu therapeutischen Ansätzen führen.Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding dsRNAs of ~22 nucleotides that play a vital role in development and regulation in nearly all eukaryotes. MiRNAs bind target mRNA, thus blocking protein translation. Many diseases have been found to be influenced or caused by aberrant expression of miRNAs. A manipulation of miRNA formation may have therapeutic potential. MiRNAs are cleaved from longer hairpin precursor RNA (pre-miRNA) in the cytoplasm by the enzyme Dicer. It might be possible to inhibit this cleavage through specific pre-miRNA binding molecules. Selective binders of pre-miRNA as inhibitors of miRNA maturation can be found by testing large libraries of substances through high throughput screening (HTS) using an appropriate assay. This work describes the first homogenous assay of miRNA maturation. A fluorescent probe in the form of a pre-miRNA containing a 5´-fluorophore (FAM, Cy3, or TMR) and a 3´-quencher (DABCYL) was used. This ‘beacon’ in its native hairpin formation brings the fluorophore and quencher moieties into close proximity, resulting in fluorescence quenching. Dicer efficiently cleaves this structure, leading to dissociation of fluorophore and quencher and thus a fluorescence increase. In the presence of an RNA ligand that blocks cleavage, a lower fluorescence increase is seen. The assay was optimized for HTS. The first compounds were tested for their inhibition of miRNA maturation. Using a duplex assay, with two different pre-miRNA probes each containing a different fluorogenic group, some specific inhibition was shown. The assay was performed in cells using fluorescence microscopy to measure the fluorescence. This would allow for a cell-based screening of inhibitors. A simpler approach of beacon synthesis using in vitro transcription followed by enzymatic ligation was also established. Use of this assay to discover highly selective inhibitors of miRNA maturation may lead to disease therapeutics.
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Komin, Nukri Randolf. "Detection of gamma rays from the supernova remnant RX J0852.0-4622 with H.E.S.S." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15551.
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Es wird angenommen, dass schalenartige Supernova-Reste wesentlicheQuellen der galaktischen kosmischen Strahlung sind. Die Beschleunigungvon Teilchen in diesen Objekten kann mit hochenergetischerGammastrahlung (Energien zwischen 30GeV und 30TeV) nachgewiesenwerden.In dieser Arbeit wird die Beobachtung von Gammastrahlung desschalenartigen Supernova-Restes RX J0852.0-4622 beschrieben. DieseBeobachtungen wurden im Februar 2004 mit dem High Energy StereoscopicSystem (H.E.S.S.) durchgeführt. H.E.S.S., ein System von vierabbildenden Cherenkov Teleskopen, kann Gammastrahlung im Bereichzwischen 100GeV und einigen 10TeV nachweisen und ist zur Zeit dasleistungsfähigste Instrument in diesem Energiebereich.Die Emission von Gammastrahlung von RX J0852.0-4622 wurde mit einerSignifikanz von 12 sigma bei einer Belichtungszeit von 3.2hnachgewiesen. Die Morphologie der Emissionsregion ist ausgedehnt undkorreliert mit der Morphologie der Röntgenstrahlung. Eindifferenzielles Energiespektrum des Photonenflusses wurde im Bereichzwischen 0.5 und 10 TeV rekonstruiert. Das Spektrum folgt einemPotenzgesetz mit einem spektralen Index von etwa 2.1. Der integriertePhotonenfluss oberhalb von 1 TeV ist auf dem Niveau des Flusses desKrebsnebels. RX J0852.0-4622 ist daher eine der hellstenGammastrahlungsquellen am Himmel und der zweite Supernova-Rest dessenausgedehnte Gammastrahlungsemission nachgewiesen werden konnte.Gammastrahlung kann durch inverse Compton-Streuung vonrelativistischen Elektronen oder durch starke Wechselwirkungen vonProtonen mit dem interstellaren Material erklärt werden. Der erwarteteEnergiefluss von inverser Compton-Streuung an der kosmischenMikrowellenstrahlung wurde abgeschätzt. Dieser ist um einigeGrößenordnungen geringer als der beobachtete Wert. Daher ist eswahrscheinlich, dass die beobachtete Gammastrahlung ausProton-Wechselwirkungen stammt und RX J0852.0-4622 zur galaktischenkosmischen Strahlung beiträgt.Shell-type supernova remnants are discussed to be a main source of thegalactic cosmic rays. Very high energy gamma rays (energies between30GeV and 30TeV) from these objects are tracers for the accelerationof particles. Up to now, only a limited number of supernova remnantswere observed in gamma rays. This work reports on the observations of gamma rays from theshell-type supernova remnant RX J0852.0-4622 carried out with the HighEnergy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) in February 2004. H.E.S.S., asystem of four imaging Cherenkov telescopes, is dedicated to theobservation of gamma rays of energies between 100GeV and several tensof TeV and it is currently the most sensitive instrument in thisenergy range.Emission of gamma rays from RX J0852.0-4622 was detected with asignificance of 12 sigma within a live time of 3.2h. The morphologyof the emission region is clearly extended and correlated with themorphology of the X-ray emission. A differential energy spectrum ofthe photon flux between 0.5 and 10 TeV was reconstructed. It is foundto follow a power law with a spectral index of about 2.1. The integralphoton flux above 1 TeV is at the level of the Crab flux at theseenergies. Thus, RX J0852.0-4622 is one of the brightest gamma-raysources in the sky. RX J0852.0-4622 is the second supernova remnant ofwhich an extended gamma-ray morphology could be proved.The emission of gamma rays from shell-type supernova remnants can beexplained as being produced by accelerated electrons or protons. Theexpected energy flux due to inverse Compton scattering of relativisticelectrons on the cosmic microwave background was estimated and foundto be several orders of magnitude lower than the observed flux. Thus,it is likely that the observed gamma-ray emission is produced inproton interactions and that RX J0852.0-4622 contributes to theacceleration of galactic cosmic rays.
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Herrmann, Sven. "A Michelson-Morley test of Lorentz invariance using a rotating optical cavity." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15751.
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Diese Arbeit präsentiert ein modernes Michelson-Morley Experiment, welches genauere Grenzwerte für Testparameter liefert, die eine Verletzung der Lorentzinvarianz modellieren. Die Messung setzt einen oberen Grenzwert für eine Anisotropie der Lichtgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von dc/c ~10^-16. Das Experiment vergleicht die Frequenzen zweier optischer Hoch-Finesse Resonatoren, wobei einer dieser Resonatoren kontinuierlich auf einem Drehtisch rotiert. Um die Eigenfrequenzen der Resonatoren abzufragen, werden die Frequenzen zweier Nd:YAG-Laser auf die Resonatoren stabilisiert. Die relative Frequenzstabilität auf der Zeitskala einer Tischdrehung (~45s) liegt bei ~1x10^-14, limitiert durch das thermische Rauschen der Resonatorspiegel. Die Messung erstreckt sich über einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr, wobei mehr als 10^5 Tischumdrehungen eingehen. Ausführlich werden die systematischen Effekte und ihre Unterdrückung auf Signalamplituden unter 1 Hz dargestellt. Im Vergleich zu vorhergehenden Messungen konnten diese systematischen Effekte um einen Faktor 10 bis 100 reduziert werden. Zwei verschiedene Testtheorien wurden herangezogen, um ein Signal für eine Anisotropie der Lichtgeschwindigkeit als Folge einer Verletzung der Lorentzinvarianz zu modellieren: eine die Lorentzinvarianz verletzende Erweiterung des Standardmodells und die Testtheorie von Robertson, Mansouri und Sexl. Es wird eine Analyse der Daten im Rahmen beider Testtheorien präsentiert, und Grenzwerte auf die relevanten Parameter werden bestimmt. Diese Grenzwerte schränken eine Anisotropie der Lichtgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von 10^-16 ein, d.h. etwa 10 mal genauer als die Ergebnisse vorangegangener Messungen. Schließlich wird ein Ausblick auf einen verbesserten Aufbau gegeben, welcher neue Resonatoren zum Einsatz bringt, und es werden erste verbesserte Resultate präsentiert. Damit steht der Weg offen für eine Langzeit-Messung, welche die Grenze für eine Anisotropie der Lichtgeschwindigkeit bis in den Bereich von dc/c~10^-17 drücken wird.This thesis presents a modern Michelson-Morley experiment, which provides improved limits on test parameters that model a violation of Lorentz invariance in electrodynamics. The measurement sets an upper limit on an anisotropy of the speed of light at a level of dc/c~10^-16. The experiment compares the resonance frequencies of two optical high-finesse cavities, one of them continuously rotating on a turntable. To read out their resonance frequencies, two Nd:YAG lasers are frequency-stabilized to these cavities. On the timescale of a turntable rotation (~45s), a relative frequency stability of ~1x10^-14 is achieved, limited by thermal noise of the cavity mirrors. The measurement extends over one year and includes ~10^5 rotations. The systematic effects compromising the measurement are described in detail, together with the measures that have been taken to suppress systematic effects below 1 Hz. This is a reduction by a factor of up to 100 as compared to preceding experiments. Two different test theories are applied to derive a signal for an anisotropy of the speed of light as a consequence of a violation of Lorentz invariance: a Lorentz violating extension of the standard model and the test theory by Robertson, Mansouri and Sexl. An analysis of the data within these two test models is presented, and limits on the relevant test parameters are deduced. These limits restrict an anisotropy of the speed of light at a level of 10^-16, which is a factor of ten more stringent as compared to results of previous such measurements. Finally, an outlook on an improved setup with new cavities and and first results from this setup are presented. This setup should allow for another order of magnitude improvement of the experiment''s sensitivity within a following long-term measurement aiming for the dc/c ~10^-17 level of accuracy.
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Willich, Tobias R. "Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Fibrinolyse-Globaltestes "Fibrinolytische Kapazität"." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15251.
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Es wurde ein zweistufiger, indirekter enzymatischer Assay (Fibrinolytische-Kapazität, FC) in zwei Varianten (basal, aktiviert) vorgestellt, der summarisch Störungen der Fibrinolyse erfasst, da in ihn die Gesamtaktivität der Aktivatoren und Inhibitoren des Plasmas einfließt. In der ersten Stufe wird Plasma Urokinase zugeführt, welche mit Plasminogenaktivatorinhibitoren interagiert. Die noch freie Urokinase aktiviert Plasminogen zu Plasmin. Die plasmatischen Antiplasmine, hauptsächlich alpha 2-Antiplasmin, werden oxidativ mit Taurin-Chloramin inaktiviert. Schließlich wird die resultierende Plasminmenge mit einem chromogenen Substrat quantifiziert. In einer zweiten Variante wird die kontaktphasenabhängige Fibrinolyse vorher sehr potent mit Dextransulfat stimuliert. Zur Validierung wurde der Einfluss von PAI-1, Fibrinogen und Plasminogen untersucht. Störgrößen wie Antioxidantien, parenterale Antikoagulantien, Phenprocoumon, Aprotinin, Tranexamsäure, Thrombozyten und Bilirubin wurden ebenfalls untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde der Test anhand eines Normal-, Thrombose- und Schwangerenkollektives sowie zweier kleiner Kollektive (Schwangere und Patienten unter oraler Antikoagulation) im Zeitverlauf untersucht. Beide FC-Varianten bilden dabei die prothrombotischen Faktoren unterschiedlich ab. In der Regressionsanalyse reagiert die basale FC eher auf Veränderungen der PAI-1- und Plasminogenkonzentrationen, die aktivierte FC eher auf Plasminogen und Thrombose. Thrombose wird durch die aktivierte FC besser als durch die basale FC diagnostiziert (beta-Koeffizienten für Thrombose -0,12 vs. -0,26, Zusammenhangsmaß Eta² von FC und Thrombose 5,6% vs. 9,9%, Entscheidungsgrenze (Cut-Off) für Thrombose 33,0% vs. 66,2% für basale bzw. aktivierte FC). Beide FC-Varianten besitzen ähnliche Sensitivität, Spezifität, prädiktive Werte und relative Risikos für Thrombose bei FC-Werten unterhalb der Entscheidungsgrenze. Die Thromboseerkennbarkeit ist für beide Varianten gleichwertig bei einer Übereinstimmung untereinander von 61,3% (Cohen-Kappa-Koeffizient). Bei der Abklärung einer akuten Thrombose ist dieser Fibrinolyse-Globaltest in der Lage, Ursachen innerhalb des fibrinolytischen Systems zu erkennen.A two-step indirect enzymatic assay (fibrinolytic capacity, FC) was presented in two variations (basal, activated) detecting the total fibrinolytic disturbances by its ability to assess the entire plasmatic activity of activators and inhibitors. In the first step urokinase is added to plasma, which interacts with plasminogen-activator-inhibitors. The remaining urokinase activated plasminogen to plasmin. The plasmatic antiplasmines, mainly alpha 2-antiplasmine were oxidative inhibited with taurine-chloramine. Finally the resulting amount of plasmin was quantified using a chromogenic substrate. In a second variation the contact-phase fibrinolysis was highly stimulated with dextran-sulfate. The influence of PAI-1, fibrinogen and plasminogen were analysed including disturbing substances such as antioxidants, parenteral anticoagulants, phenprocoumon, aprotinine, tranexamic acid, platelets and bilirubine. In addition, validation was performed including healthy individuals, patients with thrombosis and pregnant women and two small cohorts (pregnant women and patients under oral anticoagulation) over time. The prothrombotic factors were differently represented by the two FC-variations. In the regression analysis the basal FC reacted predominantly to alterations in the concentration of PAI-1 and plasminogen. In contrast the activated FC was more likely affected by plasminogen and thrombosis. The activated FC was more sensitive in the detection of thrombosis than the basal FC (with a beta-coefficient for thrombosis -0,12 vs. -0,26, a coefficient of strength of association eta² from FC with thrombosis 5,6% vs. 9,9% and a cut-off for thrombosis 33,0% vs. 66,2% for basal and activated FC respectively). Below these cut-offs both FC-variations had equal sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and relative risks in the detection of thrombosis by FC-values. The ability to detect thrombosis were equally with a correspondence of 61,3% (Cohen-Kappa-coefficient). This fibrinolytic global-test is able to identify the underlying cause within the fibrinolytic system for the a clarification of acute thrombosis.
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Ritter, Zully Maritza. "On the influence of mechanical conditions on osteochondral healing." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15451.
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Im Rahmen der Biomechanik werden der Einfluss mechanischer Bedingungen auf die Heilung biologische Gewebe, wie zum Beispiel Knochen und Knorpeln untersucht. Die vorliegende Arbeit bestimmte zum Einen am Beispiel des Humerus das mechanische Verhalten von intakten und frakturierten Knochen mit verschiedener Knochenqualität (Osteoporose versus gesunden Knochen) unter verschiedenen physiologischen Belastungen. Dazu wurde ein Finite Elemente Modell des entsprechenden Knochens erstellt. Die Knochenqualität erwies sich für die Heilung als wichtigerer Parameter, als die jeweilige physiologische Belastung. Künftige Therapien der Osteoporose sollten daher die jeweils individuelle Dichteverteilung des entsprechenden Knochens explizit berücksichtigen. Zum zweiten wurde ein biphasisches, linear-elastisches Gewebedifferenzierungsmodell entwickelt, mit dem durch iterative Berechnung der Elastizität die Heilung eines osteochondralen Defektes verfolgt werden konnte. Damit konnten die Steifigkeiten und die Orte im und um den ursprünglichen Defekt, an denen sich während der osteochondralen Heilung die verschiedenen Gewebearten neu bilden, quantitativ und qualitativ (Vergleich mit Tierexperimentation) ermittelt werden. Der Erfolg dieses Modells erlaubte die Antwort auf verschiedene Fragestellungen: Einfluß der Defekt- und Gelenkgeometrie auf die Häufigkeit des Auftretens osteochondraler Defekte und ihre Heilungschancen, sowie die Wahl der Steifigkeit eines optimalen Biomaterials zur Defektausfüllung. Osteochondrale Defekte scheinen in konkaver Geometrie etwas besser zu heilen, weil dort mehr hyaliner Knorpel gebildet wird. Grafts mit derselben Steifigkeit des ursprünglichen Knochens bilden kalzifizierenden Knorpel um mehr hyaliner Knorpel am Ende des Heilungsprozesses und sind daher weicheren Biomaterialien vorzuziehen.In biomecanics the influence of mechanical conditions on healing of biological tissues as bones or soft tissues are analysed. In the frame of this work the mechanical behavior of intact and fractured bones with different bone qualities (osteoporotic versus normal) has been examined in a proximal humerus. Therefore a finite element model of the bone was constructed. It was found that the bone quality has a stronger impact on healing than the actual physiological loading condition does. Hence, for a future therapy of osteoporosis the precise density distribution of each individual bone must be considered. In a second step a biphasic, linear-elastic model for tissue differentiation was developed, where osteochondral healing was simulated by iterative calculation of the elastic modulus of Young within the joint region. By using this model it was possible to predict in which order in all regions of the joint the osteochondral healing took place. The stiffnesses of the newly differentiated tissues agreed well to the derived quantities of animal experimentation. Hence, this tissue differentiation model could be used to analyse some questions concerning the geometry and healing success of osteochondral defects. In concave geometry more hyaline cartilage was formed, which has better mechanical properties than fibrous one. Moreover, the stiffness of an optimal biomaterial could be determined: grafts with the same stiffness as the original bone will lead to the formation of calcified bone and more hyaline cartilage, which is favourable compared to a less stiffer biomaterial.
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Mähnert, Pia. "Kinetik der Biogasproduktion aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen und Gülle." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15651.
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Die anaerobe Vergärung von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen und Gülle zur Biogasproduktion als regenerative Energiequelle erfährt seit einigen Jahren einen erheblichen Boom. Dabei werden in Deutschland in der Regel Nassvergärungs-Biogasanlagen betrieben, in denen kontinuierlich Energiepflanzen und Rinder- oder Schweinegülle gemeinsam eingesetzt werden (Kovergärung). Aber auch die alleinige Nassvergärung von Energiepflanzen ohne Gülle (Monovergärung) ist möglich. Häufig fehlen jedoch belastbare Daten zur Auslegung der Biogasanlage und für die Früherkennung kritischer Belastungszustände. Im vorliegenden Projekt sollen Kenntnisse über die Kinetik der Biogasbildung aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen in Laborversuchen unter praxisrelevanten Prozessbedingungen gewonnen werden. Über diskontinuierliche Batch-Gärtests lassen sich Biogas- und Methanausbeuten unterschiedlicher Substrate auf einfache Weise ermitteln. Bei einheitlichen Laborbedingungen ist damit eine gute Vergleichbarkeit gegeben. Kontinuierliche Belastungssteigerungsversuche sind hingegen nur als Langzeitversuche möglich. Sie geben jedoch zusätzlich Auskunft über den Einfluß der täglichen Belastung des Biogasreaktors mit organischer Substanz und erlauben mit Einschränkungen Aussagen über die optimale Betriebsweise. Die Versuche wurden mit Mais, Rüben und Roggen in Form von Silage als Mono- und Kosubstrat in der Mischung mit Rinder- und Schweinegülle bei meso- und thermophilen Temperaturstufen durchgeführt. Die Versuchsergebnisse konnten ein neu hergeleitetes kinetisches Modell weitgehend bestätigen, das den Zusammenhang zwischen Biogasausbeute und Raumbelastung in Abhängigkeit von den substrat- und prozessspezifischen Parametern wie maximal mögliche Biogasausbeute, Zulaufkonzentration, Dichte des Biogases und des Ablaufes sowie Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstante aufzeigt. Dies kann damit Betreibern von Biogasanlagen als Richtlinie für eine stabile Prozessführung mit hoher energetischer Effizienz dienen.Anaerobic digestion of energy crops for biogas production has attracted much interest in recent years. In Germany, the most common process is the continuous wet-fermentation of energy crops with cattle slurry or pig slurry (co-digestion). But also the digestion of energy crops as single substrate without slurry (mono-digestion) becomes more important. Because of the great diversity of substrates and the danger of an overload of the reactor at the digestion of high-energetic substrates, sufficient experience for energy crops is still missing. This project should investigate the kinetics of biogas production from energy crops in lab-scale experiments. Biogas and methane yield of different substrates can be estimated easily by discontinuous batch-experiments. These experiments allow a good comparability in case of equal conditions. On the other hand, the influence of the reactor performance and the optimal operational mode can be identified only by continuous long-term experiments with loading increase. Therefore, long-term lab-scale experiments were conducted with maize silage, whole-crop rye silage and fodder beet silage as mono-substrate and co-substrate in a mixture with both cattle slurry and pig slurry under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. For calculation of biogas yield as function of the organic loading rate, a hyperbolic equation was developed on base of a first order reaction rate for substrate degradation. The biogas yield also depends on the corresponding maximum biogas yield, the concentration of volatile solids of the input, the density of the effluent, the density of the biogas and the reaction rate constant which are all substrate- and process-specific. The results of the experiments approve this model and allow an estimation of the parameters. This is helpful as a guideline for a stable and efficient biogas process.
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Moreton, Charles Edmund. "The Townshend family, c.1450-1551." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279425.
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Macedo, Danilo Matoso. "Biblioteca brasileira de Arquitetura : 1551-1750." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24932.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 2017.Submitted by Priscilla Sousa (priscillasousa@bce.unb.br) on 2017-10-25T11:57:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_DaniloMatosoMacedo.pdf: 9457242 bytes, checksum: 2d9bc03aeddb7260f94a21ccb7e59b15 (MD5)
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O objetivo desta tese é identificar, localizar e analisar um conjunto consistente de publicações impressas de Arquitetura no Brasil desde as primeiras ações portuguesas de colonização até 1750 – final do reinado de D. João V – tratando-se tanto dos livros que comprovadamente circularam em nosso território quanto daqueles cujos autores ou aqui nasceram ou aqui trabalharam. O Capítulo 1 é uma narrativa que trata os livros afeitos à Arquitetura que circularam no Brasil colonial, conforme levantados em inventários de acervos locais. São mencionados: algumas das primeiras obras impressas sobre o Brasil, a contribuição dos jesuítas na construção dos edifícios e capacitação dos artífices; guias de peregrinação, tratados geográficos, Theatra Mundi, tratados históricos, academias científicas e literárias, a contribuição da Engenharia Militar europeia, os tratados clássicos de arquitetura e a legislação impressa – sobretudo as Ordenações do Reino. O Capítulo 2 é composto uma série de verbetes dispondo em ordem cronológica as obras dos profissionais que nasceram ou trabalharam no território brasileiro: ficha catalográfica; dados editoriais; dados biográficos de autores e condições de produção da obra; sumário e análise de seu conteúdo; dados sobre a circulação da obra. Complementam o trabalho apêndices com listas de livros circulantes e de autores, bem como um índice cronológico da legislação afeita ao tema então vigente.
The aim of this thesis is to identify, to locate and to analyze a consistent body of printed publications on Architecture in Brazil, from the first Portuguese colonization actions until 1750—the end of D. João V’s reign—, dealing both with the books that are proven to have circulated in our County as much as with those whose authors were born or have worked in our territory. Chapter 1 is a narrative that deals with the books devoted to Architecture that circulated in colonial Brazil, as surveyed in inventories of local collections. Here are mentioned: Some of the first works printed on Brazil, The contribution of the Jesuits in building and in the training of craftsmen; Pilgrimage guides, geographical treatises, Theatra Mundi, historical treatises, scientific and literary academies, the contribution of European Military Engineering, the classical treatises of architecture and the printed Laws—especially the Ordenações do Reino (Kingdom Ordinances). Chapter 2 consists of a series of entries arranged in chronological order, presenting the works of the professionals who were born or worked in the Brazilian territory: Cataloguing data; Editorial data; Biographical information on the authors and the conditions in wich the work was produced; Summary and analysis of their contents; Circulation of the books. Appendices complement the body of the thesis, with lists of circulating books and authors, as well as a chronological index of the laws then in force, as they are related to the theme.
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Kopec, D. M., E. S. Heathman, C. F. Mancino, and H. N. Moharram. "Response of Overseeded Bermudagrass to Monsanto 15151 Herbicide." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216057.
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A one-time application of MON1S1S1 or 0.5 lb. ai /a on September 1, 1988, was evaluated for potential overseeding effects. Treated plots, which were overseeded with perennial ryegrass at 10, 20, or 30 lbs. per thousand square feet, were not significantly different compared to untreated plots for percent ryegrass stand and verdure. Only seed rate effects increased percent ryegrass and verdure weights slightly. These data show no detrimental effects of using MON15151 ("Dimension" trade name) six weeks before overseeding.
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Fong, Iek-leong, and 方奕亮. "A study of Huang Wan (1477-1551)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195103X.
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Akilo, Michele Arinze. "design and analysis of a composite panel with ultra-thin glass faces and a 3d–printed polymeric core." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15351/.
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The development of high-strength ultra-thin glass is becoming very interesting for the building sector due to its remarkable mechanical characteristics. This lightweight and rather strong material, better known for smartphone screen applications, is currently being researched and developed for building solutions such as façade adaptive panels, high performance windows and protective layers in interior architecture. However, ultra-thin glass is also quite flexible to make it a reliable and safe building material. Therefore, one of the main challenges is to find a way to stiffen it. This thesis project aims at exploring a feasible solution for an ultra-thin sandwich panel with a 3D printed stiffening core. Samples with different topologies are going to be designed and tested in bending. A numerical model for all options will help the evaluation of the panels’ stiffness. In this way, a possible composite panel for a façade application is proposed. Finally, after the discussion of the observed results, further recommendation for future studies in this brand-new research area will be given.
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Manzini, Valeria. "Determinazione della massa in astrofisica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15651/.
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Importanza della conoscenza della massa degli oggetti in astrofisica.
Presentazione dei principali metodi di determinazione della massa di stelle e galassie. Dimostrazione del calcolo della massa di stelle binarie, assunti come noti alcuni parametri osservativi. Relazione Massa-Luminosità per stelle di sequenza principale. Derivazione e commento alle curve di rotazione di galassie a spirale. Descrizione di un semplice metodo per ricavare la massa di una generica galassia ellittica.
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Linsalata, Mariateresa. "In vitro assessment of the primary stability of the acetabular component in hip arthroplasty." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15551/.
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In Europa, più di 700'000 interventi di artroplastica d’anca vengono effettuati annualmente. Il tasso di fallimento della chirurgia è del 2-8 % (a 10 anni). Di questo, più del 50% è dovuto alla mobilizzazione asettica della componente acetabolare (più che ad un fallimento legato alla componente femorale). Lo scopo centrale di questo progetto di tesi è quello di creare un pilot-test per la valutazione in vitro della stabilità primaria di una componente acetabolare commerciale, impiantata in una emipelvi sintetica (senza cemento, attraverso la procedura chirurgica press-fit). La valutazione dei micromovimenti prevede un approccio multiplo, costituito dall’utilizzo della Digital Image Correlation (DIC) e di sensori lineari di spostamento. Per adeguare e migliorare le prestazioni dei due strumenti di misura, lo studio prevede: (1.a) l’ottimizzazione delle misure ottenute dalla correlazione di immagini, (1.b) creare ed effettuare la procedura di calibrazione interna dei sensori di spostamento e l’ottimizzazione delle misure ottenute dai sensori stessi come monitor dell’intero pilot-test. La seconda parte del lavoro si prone di implementare una metodologia affidabile per il calcolo delle roto-traslazioni relative tra coppa e osso. La creazione di un algoritmo dedicato, prevede, quindi, di valutare: (2.a) la migrazione permanente e (2.b) i micromovimenti inducibili dai picchi di carico.L’utilizzo della correlazione di immagini è risultato un gran punto di forza dello studio. Grazie al potere della DIC nell’elaborare spostamenti e deformazioni a tutto campo, senza contatto e in stereofotogrammetria, per la prima volta è stato possibile ottenere informazioni 3D del vettore migrazione della coppa. Inoltre, creando una procedura ottimizzata dell’allineamento del provino sotto la macchina, si sono potute riferire tutte le misure ottenute dal pilot-test, all’Aneterior Pelvic Plane (sistema di riferimento di rilevanza clinica).
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Raspanti, Fabio. "Organic small molecules semiconductors as direct X-ray detectors." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15451/.
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Organic small molecules semiconductors are promising in the field of direct ionizing radiation detection.
Unlike their inorganic counterpart, these molecules are easy to work with, since they are flexible, soluble and can be deposited on electronic devices with very simple processes, such as drop-casting and spin-casting. Moreover, these materials have good detection properties and very low working voltage.
To this day, organic semiconductors have mainly been used in indirect radiation detection, employed both in scintillator and as photodetectors. However, direct detection of ionizing radiation is a far more effective method, since it is performed within a single material and a single conversion, directly from photons to electrical signal; furthermore, it provides a higher signal-to-noise ratio and a faster response time.
In this experimental work, I fabricated four direct detectors based on transistors; two different organic solutions were drop-casted onto the transistors, creating a conduction channel between source and drain electrodes.
Both these solutions had chlorobenzene as a solvent, with DiF-TES-ADT and DiF-TEG-ADT as solutes, respectively, in a 0.5% concentration.
The purpose of this thesis is dual. Firstly, I want to study how the detectors’ sensitivity is influenced by semiconductor molecules with different Z-number; secondly, I want to test a new drop-casting method (SAC method) and compare it to results previously obtained with traditional deposition methods.
The results are very promising, with very high values of sensitivity obtained with low voltages.
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Ince, Adem. "National education and the 'Kurdish Question' in Turkey." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15451/.
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This thesis examines Turkey’s ‘Kurdish Question’ from an educational perspective, since this remains the most serious issue in Turkey today. In so doing, this study places emphasis on the experiences/challenges of Kurdish pupils in the eastern and south-eastern regions of Turkey. Furthermore, teachers’ perception of the Kurdish Question and the educational issues are also one of the main focusses of this research, since teachers are considered to be powerful actors in this study. Apart from this, in order to understand the challenges facing Kurdish pupils and the educational issues leading to the exclusion of non-Turks more generally, critical analysis of textbooks and policy documents is also undertaken. The findings of the research show that there is a serious issue of exclusion and even assimilation facing pupils within the existing education system, something which also affects their success and the reproduction of their culture. Furthermore, linguistic issues and the nationalist/ideological characteristics of the Turkish education have a huge effect on Kurdish pupils. Specifically, students starting school with no or little Turkish struggle to adapt, and their lives are ruined in the schooling system. Results also show that young teachers are courageous actors who attempt to bring a level of flexibility to the educational system so as to help students, despite the education system remaining strictly centralised. Lastly, critical analysis of textbooks reveals that the Turkish education system indoctrinates students by promoting the Kemalist ideology and Turkish nationalism. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of the struggle facing the Kurdish minority in Turkey. This research, therefore, provides a timely and necessary study of the national education system which is believed to lie behind many social problems existing in society.
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Holmes, Georgina L. ""I do it for the riders!" : an analysis of the Serious Leisure framework through psychological contract theory." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15251/.
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This thesis makes an empirical examination of the Serious Leisure framework using psychological contract theory, applying this to volunteers within Riding for the Disabled Association (RDA). Serious Leisure is a widely utilised way of understanding the behaviour of hobbyists, leisure participants and volunteers, and yet its conceptual limitations to date have not been significantly considered or challenged in the literature. By analysing the interaction between Serious Leisure and the psychological contract, this study extends the existing framework of Serious Leisure as applied to volunteers. An inductive, constructivist approach was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five volunteers in a long-established UK voluntary sport organisation. These exhibited varying lengths of service in a number of roles within RDA. Data generated were analysed using an ethnographic content approach, together with information from the organisation itself and academic literature, to address the aims of the study. The study establishes that the volunteers interviewed may be classified as serious leisure volunteers in Stebbins’ terms. It supports the hypothesis that Serious Leisure does influence the psychological contract. It explores the formative influences on the psychological content and maps the content of that contract from the perspective of the volunteer. It introduces the concept of ‘intentionality’, a pattern whereby the new volunteer exhibits characteristics of seriousness from the beginning. It is proposed that the volunteer’s acceptance of Serious Leisure characteristics sits alongside ideological factors in their psychological contract to create a high level of resilience and commitment to the activity. Finally, it proposes that volunteers are able to hold multiple psychological contracts with an organisation, simultaneously. These findings address significant gaps in the literature of volunteering and also have implications for psychological contract theory. The study suggests a number of areas for further work to develop its findings.
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Newlan, K. P. "Contesting the curriculum in the Cinderella sector : an analysis of a BTEC Art and Design curriculum in an FE college." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15651/.
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In recent years, material resources for art and design in Further Education (FE) have diminished, and Awarding Bodies' (ABs) regulations are frequently changed. FE colleges, which typically provide second chance or alternative pathways for learners, are required to deliver vocational courses of learning based upon current practices. The implications for foundational learning are considerable, especially for experiential learning, as colleges manage the overlapping fields of AB's requirements, FE funding and scrutiny, and art and design practice, to balance the requirements of government and the interests of learners and teachers. The purpose of the study reported in this thesis was to examine the processes of curriculum construction through teachers' course planning and students' responses, particularly in relation to the conceptions of 2D and 3D teaching and learning. The study also aimed to examine the way in which the curriculum reflected cultural values, and to explore the impact of assessment practices on the shaping of the curriculum. The research was undertaken in a large FE college in England, and employed an interpretive ethnographic methodology, gathering data from participant observations and interviews with teachers and students in one class, in a twelve-month period between 2011 and 2012. In addition to this ethnographic methodology, the study also included the analysis of students’ work and a content analysis of relevant ABs’ and course documentation. A thematic analysis of the data was undertaken, drawing on the theoretical concepts of Bernstein and Lowenfeld, in order to consider the nature of the constructed curriculum. The findings suggest that a curriculum in which students have limited experience of 3D and haptic learning discriminates against essential experiences for foundational learning in art and design. In addition, the BTEC curriculum may unnecessarily reinforce cultural bias due to the selection of artists and topics for focus. Further, the nature of BTEC assessment is such that it shapes the curriculum in unanticipated ways, serving to create an emphasis on small units of production, rather than offering sustained opportunities for exploratory and open-ended practice over time. The research questions the continuing claims made with regard to the importance of vocationality and specialist learning for foundational students, in the light of the declining access to fundamental experiences with a variety of materials and technologies.
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Pallotti, Phoebe. "Young mothers' negotiations of infant feeding : a qualitative study with ethnographic methods." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15751/.
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Background: In the UK, mothers under 20 are the group least likely to breastfeed. Recent public health interventions to promote breastfeeding in the under 20s have met with limited success. Suggested factors include cultural constructions of normative behaviour, environmental and practical barriers, and a lack of professional and community support. However, less is known about the journey through infant feeding and the interrelation of the various influences on the experiences of young mothers. Methods: Ethnographic interviews and participant observation were used to explore the lived experience of ten young mothers aged 16-18 and their babies, from pregnancy to weaning. The data were analysed using Thematic Network Analysis and the emerging themes developed into a coherent description of the influences on infant feeding practices and why these influences seem to lead to formula feeding. Results: The influences were found to relate to three broad thematic areas: the immediate context and the importance of family relationships; the external context of public spaces (which could include the public areas of the home) and the themes of the babies and the milk. Discussion: Theories of the interplay of practical experiences of the young mothers with moral discourses of good motherhood were developed. Using the Ricœurdian theory of the narrative of the self (ipse identity) the work of becoming a mother and making feeding decisions in a morally charged environment are explicated. This approach has begun to reframe the discourse on health research on the public health approach to breastfeeding to encompass and integrate personal identities and social relationships with cultural norms of infant feeding. Conclusions: The findings gave new insights into both why breastfeeding rates are low in this group and why existing interventions have not significantly changed behaviour. The need for a consideration of the social, cultural and moral meanings of infant feeding to young mothers has been highlighted. Practical suggestions for supporting young mothers who wish to breastfeed have also been developed from these research findings.
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Rees, Angela Lynn. "Location and function of the preferred retinal locus in age related macular degeneration patients." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/15951/.
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Background: Almost 2 million people in the UK are blind or partially sighted and this number is expected to double by 2030. Of this number, approximately 85% have residual vision (low vision) that can be used effectively for daily activities with appropriate visual aids. Bilateral macular disease is one of the leading causes of visual impairment especially in the elderly. In advanced age related macular degeneration (AMD) patients develop a scotoma at the fovea, the most sensitive central area of the field of view. In order to read or recognise faces most patients with AMD adopt an eccentric fixation locus (the preferred retinal locus or PRL) that acts as a pseudo-fovea and is used as a reference point for the patient’s oculomotor system. The PRL is placed upon parafoveal or extrafoveal retina depending on the scotoma size and location. Patients use one or more PRLs, depending on the task they are performing. PURPOSE. To investigate how visual function varies with retinal eccentricity, to determine how visual function at the PRL compares to other retinal locations of comparable eccentricity, and to determine whether a more suitable eccentric retinal location could be found for the patient to be trained to use as their PRL. Methods: 24 patients with AMD and 19 normal vision subjects (8 young and 11 similar in age to the patients) were recruited. All AMD patients were tested on a Rodenstock scanning laser ophthalmoscope to identify the PRL location in their better eye. A SMI EyeLink eyetracker was used to assess peripheral visual acuity contrast sensitivity in both groups. 15 AMD patients and 11 normal vision subjects (6 young and 5 similar in age to the patients) were further tested on the SMI Eyelink eyetracker to assess peripheral sustained attention and reading speed with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP). Results: In normal vision subjects, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, attention and reading speed declined with increasing retinal eccentricity, and varied with polar angle. For visual acuity, attention and reading speed performance was best along the horizontal meridian. Young normal vision subjects performed better in the retinal periphery for all tasks compared to the age-similar normal vision subjects. All AMD patients performed best at their PRL in the visual acuity, attention and reading speed tasks, but not in the contrast sensitivity task. Even at the PRL, AMD patients performed worse on all tasks than the age-similar normal vision control subjects at a similar eccentricity. Reading speed was poorly predicted by visual acuity and contrast sensitivity but well predicted by sustained attention. Conclusions: For the visual functions measured in these experiments, it appears that most AMD patients found the area best suited for their PRL. It is the area with best acuity and reading performance, and most easily attended to. This implies that visual rehabilitation training should utilize the patient's selected PRL rather than training a new PRL. However, visual function at the PRL is generally worse than would be expected for healthy retina at that eccentricity. It is not clear whether this is because the peripheral retinal is not functioning normally or that patients are not making full use of this area. The ability to deploy attention at the PRL appears to be important in reading, however more clinical research is needed in this area. These data provide important information about the optimal eccentric retinal area for text presentation to achieve maximal reading rate and may be useful for developing new training programmes to help patients make best use of eccentric fixation.
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Nunes, Breno T. S. "Greening operations : an investigation of environmental decision making." Thesis, Aston University, 2011. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15851/.
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This PhD thesis belongs to three main knowledge domains: operations management, environmental management, and decision making. Having the automotive industry as the key sector, the investigation was undertaken aiming at deepening the understanding of environmental decision making processes in the operations function. The central research question for this thesis is ?Why and how do manufacturing companies take environmental decisions? This PhD research project used a case study research strategy supplemented by secondary data analysis and the testing and evaluation of a proposed systems thinking model for environmental decision making. Interviews and focus groups were the main methods for data collection. The findings of the thesis show that companies that want to be in the environmental leadership will need to take environmental decisions beyond manufacturing processes. Because the benefits (including financial gain) of non-manufacturing activities are not clear yet the decisions related to product design, supply chain and facilities are fully embedded with complexity, subjectivism, and intrinsic risk. Nevertheless, this is the challenge environmental leaders will face - they may enter in a paradoxical state of their decisions – where although the risk of going greener is high, the risk of not doing it is even higher.
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Liljenberg, Karen. "A critical study of the thirteen later translations of the Dzogchen mind series." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15851/.
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Givissi, Kornilia. "Splits and integrations : a phenomenological exploration of self-harm marks and scars." Thesis, City University London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/15151/.
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What happens after the skin barrier has been broken? This study explores the experience of having marks and scars on the body as a result of self-harm. It aims to investigate the meaning attributed to the marks and scars on the body and how they shape the experience of self-harm and identity of the person. Six female participants gave accounts of their experiences, participating in semi-structured interviews. The interview transcripts were then analysed, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Four superordinate themes are identified: From Depth to Surface, Bargaining, Connecting the Dots and Drawing Butterflies. The superordinate themes explore the attribution of meaning to the marks and scars in regards to self, history and relationships. A transcending wish to shape and transform the narrative, visual and emotional, is highlighted. The findings of the study indicate that marks and scars carry great meaning for the participants. An unexpected finding highlights the layers of meaning attributed to the presence or absence of scars. An extensive discussion is being made regarding representations of dualism throughout the analysis as well as the differentiation and relationship of self-harm and suicide. Clinical and research implications for Counselling Psychology include: suggestions regarding the definition of selfharm; therapeutic implications of communicative and functional self-harm and the function of marks and scars as agents of embodiment and therapeutic change.
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Hayter, Mark. "Contraceptive conversations : power, discourse and the social construction of contraceptive use during nurse consultations with women in family planning clinics." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15051/.
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This thesis aims to make a significant contribution towards ' a sociology of contraception'. It takes as its starting point the lack of a contraceptive 'strand within the sociological literature on the body generally, and on women's reproductive sexual health specifically. It takes as its focus the under-researched area of nurse/woman contraceptive consultations in family planning clinics, and explores how contraceptive use is discussed. This is undertaken by utilising Foucault's work on discourse and power, and the body theory work of Turner and Frank. Using a 'constructivist' grounded theory approach, incorporating a Foucauldian perspective, 49 consultations between nurses and women were audio taped in two large family planning clinics in the North of England. Interviews with 15 family planning nurses were also conducted. Three categories were identified from the consultation data: 'Body education', 'Body surveillance' and 'Regimen'. Further analysis resulted in the development of two overlapping core categories: Surveillance and Compliance, within which the three initial categories were placed. In the context of these categories, nurses employ discursive techniques to develop the women into effective users of contraception. It is suggested that these discursive techniques construct the 'Reproductively vulnerable body' and utilise this concept to encourage women to become involved in selfsurveillance and self-care practices and to adhere to a contraceptive regimen • further constructing the: 'Active yet compliant patient'. The manner in which the Foucauldian notion of 'Productive power' is utilised within this process is discussed extensively. The thesis concludes by proposing that the contraceptive consultations result in the construction of a 'contraceptive-using body', one that has developed a 'contraceptive habitus' congruent with Foucault's 'techniques of the self'. Furthermore, this process also enables the evaluation of Frank's somewhat neglected 'body types in action' and 'body typology' work.
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Jofré, Dante. "Periodontitis apical crónica." Trabajo final de especialización, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontología, 2020. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/15351.
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La periodontitis apical es la inflamación y destrucción de los tejidos perirradiculares causada por agentes etiológicos de origen endodóntico. Generalmente es una secuela de la infección endodóntica. Inicialmente, la pulpa dental se infecta por una microflora oral autógena, y el entorno endodóntico proporciona un hábitat selectivo para el establecimiento de una flora mixta, predominantemente anaeróbica. Los invasores microbianos o sus productos pueden migrar hacia el periápice. En respuesta, el huésped monta una serie de defensas que consisten en varias clases de células, mensajeros intercelulares, anticuerpos y moléculas efectoras. Los factores microbianos y las fuerzas de defensa del huésped se encuentran, chocan y destruyen gran parte del tejido periapical, lo que resulta en la formación de una patosis periapical. El tratamiento de la periodontitis apical consiste en eliminar la infección del conducto radicular, esto se logra mediante los procedimientos de limpieza y conformación, y además prevenir la reinfección a través de un correcto sellado del conducto radicular.Fil: Jofré, Dante. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontología.
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Barressi, Madrid Juan Cruz. "Factibilidad comercial de un microemprendimiento perteneciente al sector de la construcción." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 2020. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/15651.
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Bye Bache es una empresa que se encuentra en el inicio de su operatividad. Comenzó con un emprendimiento innovador, pero no logró los resultados que los emprendedores esperaban. Paralelamente el mercado le brindó una nueva oportunidad.
En el presente trabajo de investigación se propuso generar información que contribuya a la toma de decisiones sobre el rumbo empresarial de Bye Bache.
Se realizó un diagnostico interno de la organización determinando el valor empresario para generar valor, un análisis externo donde se estudió el ambiente y el sector de negocios donde opera y, por último, se recomendaron estrategias de negocio, posicionamiento, crecimiento y organizacional.
Los datos para la realización del trabajo fueron obtenidos mediante entrevistas y cuestionarios a los emprendedores del negocio, observación, fuentes primarias y secundarias.
Los resultados que se obtuvieron indican que Bye Bache se encuentra en una buena posición para generar valor; registrando en los elementos de la identidad, diferencia y eficiencia un predominio de las fortalezas. En cuanto al atractivo del sector del negocio, se analizó el negocio de fragmentación y comercialización de bolsas de asfalto y por otro lado el negocio de reparación de calles. Se determinó que en el primero hay una mayor cantidad de amenazas y en el segundo hay un predominio de las oportunidades.
En lo que concierne a las estrategias se recomendó llevar a cabo una estrategia de negocios basada en el precio, una estrategia de posicionamiento de ataque con táctica de varios lados, desarrollo de productos como estrategia de crecimiento y desarrollo interno y alianzas y fusiones como estrategia organizacional.Fil: Barressi Madrid, Juan Cruz. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.
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Biondi, Valentina Alejandra. "Plan estratégico de negocios para una empresa familiar importadora." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 2020. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/15751.
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En el presente trabajo de investigación se propuso elaborar un plan estratégico de negocios para la empresa Novedades, con el fin de organizar su proceso de toma de decisiones y aumentar sus probabilidades de ser competitiva en un ambienta cada vez más complejo. Se llevó a cabo un análisis interno de la organización determinando las capacidades empresariales de la firma para generar valor, un análisis externo tanto del macro-entorno como así también del micro-entorno que rodea a la organización, la formulación de las estrategias de negocio, posicionamiento competitivo, de crecimiento y organizacional y, por último, algunas recomendaciones a la hora de implementar y controlar las estrategias formuladas. Las herramientas y técnicas con las que se llevó a cabo el trabajo fueron entrevistas, cuestionarios, observación y fuentes secundarias. Como principales conclusiones se puede observar que la firma novedades se encuentra en una buena posición para generar valor, teniendo predominio de fortalezas, pero el ambiente que la rodea es hostil, puesto que predominan las amenazas en el entorno. En líneas generales se sugiere seguir una estrategia genérica de precios, una estrategia de posicionamiento competitivo de ataque con táctica de varios lados, una estrategia de crecimiento intensiva de penetración de mercado y una estrategia organizacional de desarrollo interno. En cuanto a la implementación se recomienda hacer partícipes a las personas que forman parte de la organización y elaborar un sistema de costos por actividades. Para el control estratégico se recomienda la implementación de un cuadro de mando integral.Fil: Biondi, Valentina Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.
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Martínez, Varela Paula. "Plan de desarrollo de la Secretaría de Asuntos Estudiantiles – FCE – UNCUYO." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, 2019. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/15951.
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En los últimos años, la modalidad de contratación de trabajo formal se ha visto obligada a cambiar debido a los cambios económicos, sociales y culturales. En el siguiente trabajo de investigación se llevará a cabo la posible modificación de la Ley de Pasantías, Ley N°26.427
El objetivo es la modificación del artículo 21 en donde actualmente se especifica que:
En empresas de hasta DOSCIENTOS (200) trabajadores, UN (1) pasante por cada DIEZ (10) trabajadores en relación de dependencia por tiempo indeterminado;
En empresas de DOSCIENTOS UNO (201) trabajadores en adelante: SIETE POR CIENTO (7%).
Lo que se propone es:
En empresas de hasta DOSCIENTOS (200) trabajadores, UN (1) pasante por cada CINCO (5%) trabajadores en relación de dependencia por tiempo indeterminado;
En empresas de DOSCIENTOS UNO (201) trabajadores en adelante: DIEZ POR CIENTO (10%).
En conjunto con autoridades tanto de las diferentes unidades académicas de la UNCuyo como de las distintas Universidades Nacionales; y posibles interesados, senadores, diputados, provinciales y nacionales, se desarrollará un plan de acción en donde se expondrán los beneficios tanto económicos, como sociales. Como resultado del análisis de sensibilidad se puede anticipar que, hablando en términos económicos, se obtendrá resultados positivos. Concluimos que dicho tratamiento de Ley beneficiara tanto a la comunidad estudiantil como a las PyMes locales y nacionales.Fil: Martínez Varela, Paula. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.
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Gooding, James Duncan. "Methodologies for city-scale microgeneration viability assessment." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15951/.
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Over the last decade, increasing numbers of multi-national corporations, public institutions and individual property owners have become interested in installing solar photovoltaics and small wind turbines. To best inform this broad range of actors, this research aims to assess the financial viability of such investments across broad city regions whilst maintaining accuracy at individual properties. Publicly available digital representations of urban surfaces are central to meeting this aim because they can be used to assess the area, slope and orientation of potential solar photovoltaic (PV) installation sites and to define how vertical wind profiles are altered by urban areas. A first study utilised digital surface models (DSMs) across seven UK cities to assess the roof spaces available for solar PV and also incorporated socio-economic factors to define the propensity for cities to install the technology. Despite changes to financial incentives that had recently occurred, the technologies remained viable at a very large number of locations and could theoretically meet large percentages (16% to 43%) of the cities’ electricity demands. The accuracy of slope, orientation and available area estimation in roof geometry modelling was then improved through the development of a neighbouring buildings method. In 87% of 536 validated results, the method identified the correct roof shape and roof slope was estimated to a mean absolute error of 3.76° when compared to 182 measured roofs. Work was then undertaken to improve solar insolation modelling. A radiative transfer model was created that incorporated shading based on DSM data. It estimated the power output of 17 solar PV installations across four UK cities with +2.62% mean percentage error when its 2013 insolation estimates were converted to power outputs using a 0.8 performance ratio. The validation data showed that the RTS model outperformed the market-leading esri ArcMap solar radiation software which incurred a -15.97% mean percentage error. This method was then adapted to be deployable on a city scale and predicted solar insolation with a mean percentage error of -4.39% despite the process being made far more computationally efficient. A method to estimate long-term average wind speeds for urban areas was then developed that produced results of comparable accuracy to an existing model but with considerably reduced computational demand and complexity in deployment. The mean absolute error inwind speed estimation was just 1.75% greater using the simplified methodology than the existing model. Finally, the improved modelling of roof geometries, solar insolation and long-term mean wind speed were brought together to evaluate the city-scale potential for solar PV and small to medium wind microgeneration. The research has shown that wind and solar PV microgeneration at sites that pay back within nine years could theoretically meet 88.5% of annual domestic electricity demand in the city of Leeds, or would be the equivalent of providing electricity to 300,319 homes. Current financial contexts were used to define a baseline scenario from which hypothetical changes to a variety of factors influencing microgeneration viability were investigated. When the costs and revenues were defined from a pessimistic, but still realistic, perspective the percentage of the study area’s electricity demand that could theoretically be met by wind and solar PV microgeneration fell to 0.1%. This suggests that government policy will continue to play a key role in the future growth of UK wind and solar PV deployment.
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Matam, Basava R. "Watermarking biomedical time series data." Thesis, Aston University, 2009. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15351/.
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This thesis addresses the problem of information hiding in low dimensional digital data focussing on issues of privacy and security in Electronic Patient Health Records (EPHRs). The thesis proposes a new security protocol based on data hiding techniques for EPHRs. This thesis contends that embedding of sensitive patient information inside the EPHR is the most appropriate solution currently available to resolve the issues of security in EPHRs. Watermarking techniques are applied to one-dimensional time series data such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) to show that they add a level of confidence (in terms of privacy and security) in an individual’s diverse bio-profile (the digital fingerprint of an individual’s medical history), ensure belief that the data being analysed does indeed belong to the correct person, and also that it is not being accessed by unauthorised personnel. Embedding information inside single channel biomedical time series data is more difficult than the standard application for images due to the reduced redundancy. A data hiding approach which has an in built capability to protect against illegal data snooping is developed. The capability of this secure method is enhanced by embedding not just a single message but multiple messages into an example one-dimensional EEG signal. Embedding multiple messages of similar characteristics, for example identities of clinicians accessing the medical record helps in creating a log of access while embedding multiple messages of dissimilar characteristics into an EPHR enhances confidence in the use of the EPHR. The novel method of embedding multiple messages of both similar and dissimilar characteristics into a single channel EEG demonstrated in this thesis shows how this embedding of data boosts the implementation and use of the EPHR securely.
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Banejad, Mahdi. "Identification of Damping Contribution from Power System Controllers." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15851/.
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With the growth of power system interconnections, the economic drivers encourage the electric companies to load the transmission lines near their limits, therefore it is critical to know those limits well. One important limiting issue is the damping of inter-area oscillation (IAO) between groups of synchronous machines. In this Ph.D. thesis, the contribution of power system components such as load and static var compensators (SVC) that affect the IAO of the power system, are analysed. The original contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1-Identification of eigenvalues and mode shapes of the IAO: In the first contribution of this thesis, the eigenvalues of the IAO are identified using a correlation based method. Then, the mode shape at each identified resonant frequency is determined to show how the synchronous generators swing against each other at the specific resonant frequencies. 2-Load modelling and load contribution to damping: The first part of this contribution lies in identification of the load model using cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions . The second aspect is the quantification of the load contribution to damping and sensitivity of system eigenvalues with respect to the load. 3- SVC contribution to damping: In this contribution the criteria for SVC controller redesign based on complete testing is developed. Then the effect of the SVC reactive power on the measured power is investigated. All of the contributions of this thesis are validated by simulation on test systems. In addition, there are some specific application of the developed methods to real data to find a.) the mode shape of the Australian electricity network, b.) the contribution of the Brisbane feeder load to damping and c.) the effect of the SVC reactive power of the Blackwall substations on the active power supplying Brisbane.
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Huynh, Ngoc Huu. "The Inhibition Of Copper Corrosion In Aqueous Environments With Heterocyclic Compounds." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15951/.
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Benzotriazole (BTAH) has been used as a corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper-, based alloys for more than 40 years. It has been successfully employed for the, prevention of both atmospheric corrosion and particularly for the protection of, copper under immersed conditions. Whilst BTAH is an excellent inhibitor in alkaline, solution its efficiency drops off markedly as the pH decreases. It was hypothesized, that a possible way to increase surface adsorption and subsequent better inhibition, over a wide pH range might be through the preparation of derivatives, particularly, carboxybenzotriazoles and alkyl esters of these compounds. In this work the following techniques: weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic, polarisation, SERS spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and, coulometry were employed to investigate the inhibition efficiency of 4- and 5-, carboxybenzotriazole and their alkyl ester for copper corrosion. Molecular modelling, was also investigated as a tool for inhibitor design. Studies on 4- and 5- carboxybenzotriazole (CBT) showed that the inhibition, efficiency for copper corrosion in aerated acidic sulphate solution of each isomer was, pH, concentration and time dependant. At lower pH the 5-isomer is the better, inhibitor and this behaviour continues at higher pH. The anti-tarnishing test showed, that whilst both isomers exhibited these properties, 5-CBT was once again the, superior inhibitor. It was found that a commercial mixture of the octyl esters of 4- and 5-, carboxybenzotriazole inhibits copper corrosion in sulphate environments open to air., The inhibition efficiency of the ester mixture at the lx10-4 M level (pH - 0) is 98%, which compares very favourably with that for BTAH (- 50%). With respect to other, alkyl esters of 4- and 5-carboxybezotriazole, hexyl, butyl and methyl, it was found, that all of these inlibited copper corrosion in sulphate environments open to air. In, each case the inhibition efficiency is concentration, pH and time dependent. Both, coupon tests and EIS measurements indicate that inhibition efficiency depends on the, length of the alkyl chain. At pH - 0 the inhibition efficiency decreased in the order, octyl >hexyl >butyl >methyl. At higher pH (- 8) the order is reversed. At the 1x104, M level (pH - 0) the inhibition efficiency of each of the alkyl esters is equal to or, better than that for BTAH. At higher pH (- 8) the inhibition efficiency in each case is, reduced in comparison to BTAH. but is still good enough for practical use ( 2 75%)., The inhibitive behaviour of the alkyl esters at low pH can be attributed to, chemisorption through an azole nitrogen of the protonated alkyl esters. The, hydrocarbon chain is also physically adsorbed and the increase in physical adsorption, as the chain is lengthened accounts for the improved inhibition efficiency. Dry films formed by immersing copper in solutions of alkyl esters of, carboxybenzotriazole also inhibit copper corrosion in both strongly acidic (pH - 0), and near neutral (pH - S) sulphate corrodents. The inhibition efficiency depends on, the solvents used to dissolve the esters, solution temperature and immersion time., Aqueous coating solutions furnish the most protective films. Films formed by, CBTAH-BU, CBTAH-HE and CBTAH-OE are more protective than that formed by, BTAH. The inhibition efficiency of the alkyl ester film increases as the alkyl chain is, made longer. Molecular modeling showed that the optimum crude binding energy (Eblnd), between each protonated ester molecule and the surface varied linearly with the alkyl, chain length. The resulting linear correlation between IE% and E bind for compounds, that are structurally similar suggested that the crude binding energy of a single, molecule with copper may be used to predict the inhibition performance of other, compounds constituting a series.
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Carbonell, i. Manils Joan. "Epigrafia i numismàtica a l'epistolari d'Antonio Agustín (1551-1563)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5551.
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Redworth, Glyn. "The political and diplomatic career of Stephen Gardiner, 1538-1551." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328000.
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Hoffmann-Burchardi, Ulrike. "Dual-class shares, initial public offerings and the market for corporate control." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1551/.
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This dissertation focuses on two central capital market transactions, takeovers and initial public offerings (IPOs), from both a theoretical and an empirical point of view. After an introductory chapter, the first two chapters analyse how minority shareholders are affected by a change in take-over regulation (introduction of the mandatory bid rule) in Germany in 1995. The last chapter focuses on the pricing and timing of going-public transactions. Chapter 2 focuses on the absolute wealth effect of the mandatory bid rule and formalises the trade-off minority shareholders of corporate raiders face with respect to the adoption of a mandatory tender offer after a shift in control. Under plausible assumptions about the distribution of security and control benefits, minority shareholders of acquirers profit from the adoption of the mandatory bid rule. A subsequent empirical study supports this hypothesis by measuring the stock price effects after the acceptance of the German Takeover Code. Chapter 3 uses a dataset of German dual-class shares during 1988-1997 to study how the change of corporate governance rules affects the price differential between voting and non-voting stock. First, the chapter discusses how mechanisms to separate control from cash-flow rights relate to the value of control. Second, the chapter analyses how minority voting and non-voting shareholders participate in transfers of corporate control under the alternative regulatory structures pre- and post- 1995. By providing an analysis of sequential going-public decisions. Chapter 4 outlines conditions under which the likelihood of a second IPO increases after a first firm has gone public ('hot issue markets'). Two effects can trigger the rise of hot issue markets in a setting with asymmetric and costly information about both firm quality and industry prospects: risk-induced selling pressure and informational free-riding on the industry news conveyed by a first IPO. Finally, the model offers an explanation for the empirical finding that hot issue markets exhibit a higher degree of underpricing than cold issue markets.
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Scrutton, Nichola Jane. "Hearing voices : electroacoustic composition portfolio and commentary." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1551/.
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The concept of voice is a fundamental thread that underpins my PhD portfolio, with the human voice being present in all but one of the compositions. The drive to make what I think of as 'voice works' has, to a large extent, been influenced by various theatrical vocal practices that are in some way concerned with the development of the natural voice. Such practices help to facilitate a broad potentiality of expression, not only through, but before or beyond text. No one method or theory has had primary influence on my work but rather, in the broadest sense, I recognise a set of affinities with many notable influential practices including that of Roy Hart Theatre; Kristin Linklater; David Moss; Joan La Barbara; Sainkho Namtchylak; and Jaap Blonk. The complicating factor, in every case, is that I also draw on a range of electroacoustic influences.Trevor Wishart's many ideas about 'the human repertoire' - vocal utterance, paralanguage, sound morphology and transformative compositional processes - are perhaps most relevant. But I have also drawn from Denis Smalley's spectromorphological concepts, particularly those pertaining to the aural perception of human gesture. My listening generally has been quite wide-ranging across genres but includes the work of Francois Bayle, Bernard Parmegiani, Francis Dhomont, Robert Normandeau, Natasha Barrett, Dennis Smalley, Yannis Kyriakides, Michel Chion and Heiner Goebels.
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Richardson, Colette. "Family therapists' experiences of working with adolescents who self-harm and their families : a grounded theory study." Thesis, University of East London, 2014. http://repository.tavistockandportman.ac.uk/1551/.
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This study is a qualitative enquiry into family therapists’ experiences of working with young people who self-harm and their families. To date, in spite of self-harm being a serious public health concern, there is relatively little exploration of the subject in family therapy literature. The study attempts to describe, understand and illuminate family therapists’ experiences: the therapeutic issues encountered, the stances adopted in response to the issues encountered, and the emotional impact on the therapist of working with this client group. A total of nine experienced family therapists participated in semi-structured interviews. The study employed a grounded theory method for data analysis. The analysis yielded a theory of therapists’ experiences that included a Core Category and three Main Categories. The Core Category that emerged was: •Cultivating the Practice of Hope – Withstanding the Pull to Hopelessness. The three Main Categories were: •Making the Situation Safe •Conversing Therapeutically – The Practice of Hope •Team and Organisational Processes: Supporting Therapists. The Core Category is the central feature of this theory. It proposes that the central concern for the therapist is how to stay engaged with the family and the young person in the context of serious risk of self-harm and in situations where change is difficult to achieve and hopelessness can pervade. The therapist has to try to understand and make sense of family members’ distress, and be touched by and open to their feelings of despair and hopelessness without becoming overwhelmed and despairing themselves. The therapist response to this dilemma is the stance of hopefulness. It is both a therapeutic stance and orientation, and is enacted in practice through finding ways to cultivate hope in the therapeutic encounter. While the Core Category is the central ‘story’ the three Main Categories are linked to the Core Category. The Main Category, Making the Situation Safe describes the initial stage of the work, with its focus on ensuring the safety of the young person. The Main Category, Conversing Therapeutically – the Practice of Hope describes how the therapists enacted the ‘practice of hope’. The Main Category, Team and Organisational Processes: Supporting Therapists describes how the context in which the therapists work, the nature of relationships, the team and organisational structures, play a critical role in supporting therapist hope, so that they can withstand the pull to hopelessness. This study aims to make a contribution towards articulating a framework for family therapy with adolescents who self-harm and introduces a new vocabulary – the language of hope and hopelessness.
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McVicker, William Richard. "An analytical approach to open, cylindrical organ-pipe scaling from a historical perspective with specific reference to the scaling practices of selected organ-builders." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1551/.
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Giannetti, Andrea. "Sviluppo di un sito web per auto usate." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1551/.
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Cai, Yunlong. "Advanced interference suppression techniques for spread spectrum systems." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1551/.
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Code division multiple access (CDMA) techniques have been widely employed by different wireless systems with many advantages. However, the performance of these systems is limited by interference. A number of different interference suppression techniques have been proposed, including multiuser detection, beamforming, adaptive supervised and blind algorithms, and transmit processing techniques requiring a limited feedback channel. Recently, CDMA techniques have also been combined with multicarrier and multiantenna schemes to further increase the system capacity and performance. This thesis investigates the existing algorithms and structures and proposes novel interference suppression algorithms for spread spectrum systems. Firstly we investigate blind constrained constant modulus (CCM) stochastic gradient (SG) receivers with a low-complexity variable step-size mechanism for downlink direct sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA) systems. This algorithm provides better performance than existing blind schemes in non-stationary scenarios. Convergence and tracking analyses of the proposed adaptation techniques are carried out for multipath channels. Secondly, we propose a novel space-time adaptive minimum mean squared error (MMSE) decision feedback (DF) detection scheme for DS-CDMA systems with multiple receive antennas, which employs multiple-parallel feedback branches (MPF) for interference cancellation. The proposed scheme is further combined with multistage detectors to refine estimated symbols and provide uniform performance over all users. Simulation results show that the proposed space-time MPF-DF detector outperforms existing schemes. Thirdly, we concentrate on transmit processing techniques. A novel switched interleaving algorithm is proposed to suppress interference for DS-CDMA systems, which requires the cooperation among the transmitter and the receiver, and a feedback channel sending the index of the interleaver to be used. The best interleaving pattern is chosen by the selection functions at the receiver from a codebook known to both the receiver and the transmitter and the codebook index is sent back using a limited number of bits. Symbol-based and block-based linear MMSE receivers are designed for detection. Fourthly, the proposed switched interleaving technique is further extended to multiple antenna multicarrier code-division multiple-access (MC-CDMA) systems. A new hybrid transmit processing technique based on switched interleaving and chip-wise precoding is proposed for the downlink case, whereas a preprocessing technique is employed for the uplink. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed scheme outperforms the existing chip-interleaving, conventional linear precoding and adaptive spreading techniques. At last, we present a novel multistage receivers based on multiple parallel branches successive interference cancellation (MB-SIC) for the uplink of multiple-input multipleoutput code-division multiple-access (MIMO-CDMA) systems. The proposed multistage receivers exploit a conventional ordered SIC for the first stage, followed by a grouping detection strategy and the novel MB-SIC scheme. Then, according to a selection rule, namely, the maximum likelihood (ML) or the MMSE, the MB-SIC selects the refined estimated vector with the best performance for the desired users antenna streams.
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Bettache, Nayel. "Matrix-valued Time Series in High Dimension." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAG002.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est de modéliser des séries temporelles à valeurs matricielles dans un cadre de grande dimension. Pour ce faire, la totalité de l'étude est présentée dans un cadre non asymptotique. Nous fournissons d'abord une procédure de test capable de distinguer dans le cas de vecteurs ayant une loi centrée stationnaire si leur matrice de covariance est égale à l'identité ou si elle possède une structure de Toeplitz sparse. Dans un second temps, nous proposons une extension de la régression linéaire matricielle de faible rang à une régression à deux paramètres matriciels qui créent des corrélations entre les lignes et les colonnes des observations. Enfin nous introduisons et estimons un topiques-modèle dynamique où l'espérance des observations est factorisée en une matrice statique et une matrice qui évolue dans le temps suivant un processus autorégressif d'ordre un à valeurs dans un simplexeThe objective of this thesis is to model matrix-valued time series in a high-dimensional framework. To this end, the entire study is presented in a non-asymptotic framework. We first provide a test procedure capable of distinguishing whether the covariance matrix of centered random vectors with centered stationary distribution is equal to the identity or has a sparse Toeplitz structure. Secondly, we propose an extension of low-rank matrix linear regression to a regression model with two matrix-parameters which create correlations between the rows and he columns of the output random matrix. Finally, we introduce and estimate a dynamic topic model where the expected value of the observations is factorizes into a static matrix and a time-dependent matrix following a simplex-valued auto-regressive process of order one
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Fong, Iek-leong. "A study of Huang Wan (1477-1551) Huang Wan yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3195103X.
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Hautebert, Joël. "La jurisprudence criminelle de la sénéchaussée présidiale de Nantes : 1551-1750." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11019.
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Les sieges presidiaux, toujours joints a une senechaussee ou a un bailliage, ont ete cree par un edit du roi henri ii en 1551. La competence et la pratique criminelle de ces juridictions n'avaient fait l'objet, jusqu'a present, d'aucun travail approfondi. Nos recherches, fondees sur les archives de la senechaussee et du siege presidial de nantes, nous ont permis de degager un certain nombre de certitudes, sur le fonctionnement de cette juridiction trop meconnue. Cette these comprend trois grands axes de recherches. La premiere partie traite de la competence de la senechaussee presidiale et de ses relations avec les autres juridictions, de la province et du royaume. La particularite des presidiaux reside dans le pouvoir qui leur est attribue, par les ordonnances royales, de juger en dernier ressort un certain nombre de crimes, appeles "cas presidiaux". L'analyse approfondie de chacun de ces crimes constitue une part importante de notre recherche. L'etude de la procedure criminelle appliquee par la juridiction nantaise est l'objet de notre seconde partie. En premier lieu, cette etude confirme sur de nombreux points des travaux anterieurs montrant l'existence de particularites bretonnes au xvieme et au xviieme siecles. Des usages sont meme specifiques au presidial de nantes. D'autre part, il apparait que l'ordonnance criminelle de 1670, qui ne modifie pas en profondeur les regles existantes, a entraine une uniformisation de la procedure criminelle dans toutes les juridictions du royaume. La troisieme partie aborde le chatiment des criminels. L'importance des recherches, qui portent sur deux siecles de vie judiciaire, devoile les constantes et les evolutions de la punition des criminels dans l'ancien droit. Cette partie presente egalement un interet sociologique. L'histoire du droit penal est indissociable de l'histoire des mentalites. Notre travail s'appuie egalement sur des manuscrits d'andre boussineau qui fut procureur du roi du siege presidial de 1679 a 1722. Cette source, tres originale, enrichit nos connaissances sur le fonctionnement de la justice. En particulier, sa correspondance avec divers officiers de justice, inferieurs ou superieurs, est d'un grand interetThe presidiaux, always linked to a senechaussee or a bailliage, have been created by a statute of henry ii in 1551. The jurisdiction and criminal caselaw of these courts had never been thoroughly studied until now. Our research, based on the archives of the senechaussee and presidial of nantes, has enabled us to come to a number of statements on the work of this court which is little known. This thesis is divided into three main streams of research. The first part deals with the jurisdiction of the senechaussee presidiale and its links with the other courts, the county and the kingdom. The particularity of the presidiaux lies in the power, which they were granted by royal order to judge in the last resort a number of crimes called cas presidiaux. The detailed analysis of each of these crimes is the object of an important part of our work. The second part concentrates on the study of the criminal procedure applied in the court of nantes. At first, this study confirms on numerous points the previous works showing the existence of breton particularisms in the 16th and 17th centuries. Some customs are even specific to the presidial of nantes. On the other side, it appears that the 1670 criminal statute, which does not change thoroughly the existing rules, has lead to a uniformisation of the criminal procedure in all the courts of the realm. The third part tackels with the punishment of criminals. The width of our research which comprehends two centuries of caselaw, reveals the permanent rules and the trends in the sentencing of criminals in the ancient law. This part also is of great sociological interest as the history of criminal law is tied to the history of mentalities. Our work also rests on the manuscripts of andre boussineau who was director of public prosecutions for the presidial from 1679 to 1722. This very unusal source of information has greatly increased our knowledge of the running of justice. This correspondence with different law officers, above and beneath him, is specially interesting
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Coronado, Arrascue Ricardo Fermín José. "La acción jurídica y pastoral en los Concilios Limenses : 1551-1772 /." Salamanca : Universidad pontificia de Salamanca, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410538686.
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Almeida, Alexandra Pinheiro Simões de. "Hidroterapia como técnica de relaxamento no trabalho de parto." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/15951.
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Mestrado, Enfermagem em Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia, 2012, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de LisboaO presente relatório tem como finalidade dar a conhecer as competências específicas desenvolvidas no âmbito da aplicação de técnicas não farmacológicas, no decorrer de um estágio, no bloco de partos, enquanto aluna do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia (Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa). Este tema foi especificado em aspectos parcelares: identificar as condições em que pode desenvolver-se a aplicação da hidroterapia como técnica de relaxamento no trabalho de parto; avaliar os reflexos desta aplicação nos atores envolvidos no processo (parturiente/acompanhante significativo e EESMO), reflexão sobre a hidroterapia como técnica de relaxamento no trabalho de parto; revisão da literatura, numa perspectiva analítica e reflexiva, bem como a revisão da legislação relativa à formação de um Enfermeiro Especializado em Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia e o estabelecimento dos percursos metodológicos de modo a procurar responder à questão “Que benefícios as parturientes identificam quando submetidas à hidroterapia como técnica de relaxamento em trabalho de parto? ”; definição dos objectivos e relato das actividades, cuja consecução permite atingir o desenvolvimento de competências específicas de um Enfermeiro Especialista de Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia; considerações e possíveis perspetivas futuram de pesquisa no domínio da aplicação de técnicas não farmacológicas no trabalho de parto. Além de adotar uma atitude de permanente aprendizagem, relativamente à forma como umo EESMO se relaciona com a parturiente e avalia as necessidades específicas do fenómeno de parir, bem como o interesse pela opinião da parturiente e o incentivo à pro-atividade no trabalho de parto. A proposta de aplicação da hidroterapia como técnica de relaxamento no trabalho de parto levou a uma boa aceitação pela parturiente acompanhante, quer no momento dessa proposta, quer através das informações obtidas no decurso da aplicação da técnica e no pós parto. Os relatos obtidos demonstraram uma adesão dos intervenientes no processo, realçando satisfação e auto-estima positiva das parturientes. Assim, a hidroterapia como método não farmacológico, no relaxamento em trabalho de parto, poderá e deverá vir a ser um tema objecto de análise e reflexão, quer pelas parturientes/conviventes significativos, quer pelos EESMO.
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村上, 京子. "年報（日本語・日本文化教育部門） : 第6期日韓理工系学部予備教育コース." 名古屋大学留学生センター, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15251.
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AKIYAMA, MASASHI. "UPDATED MOLECULAR GENETICS AND PATHOGENESIS OF ICHTHYOSES." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15351.
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