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Steurs, Willy. "Naissance d'une région :aux origines de la mairie de Bois-le-Duc: Recherches sur le Brabant septentrional aux 12e et 13e siècles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213427.
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Shin, O. Sik. "La catégorie adverbiale dans les grammaires du 17e et du 18e siècles." Montpellier 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON30011.
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Avec la notion de syntaxe introduite par les grammairiens de port-royal et exploitee par les grammairiens philosophes du 18e siecle, la categorie adverbiale acquiert son sens propre et se distingue de la fonction adverbiale. Cette evolution n'a ete rendue possible qu'avec la contribution des reflexions fragmentaires mais judicieuses des grammairiens pedagogues precedentsWith the notion of syntax introduced by the grammarians of port-royal and exploited by the 18th century philosophical grammarians, the adverbial category acquires its own meaning and becomes distinguished from the adverbial function. This evolution would not have been possible without the contribution of fragmentary but judicious reflexions developed by the former pedagogical grammarians
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Cotté, Olivier. "La société urbaine à Tours et l’animal (14e-17e s.) : approche archéozoologique." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2020/document.
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Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé à partir de l’étude de plus de 64 000 restes osseux provenant de 39 ensembles chrono-stratigraphiques issus de 7 sites répartis entre la ville et ses faubourgs. A l’aide de ce mobilier inédit, cette étude s’est attachée à appréhender, au travers des restes osseux, la ville dans ses dimensions économiques, culturelles et sociales entre les 14e et 17e siècles. Ainsi, au travers des études des proportions d’espèces, des âges et des sexes des animaux consommés, il a été possible de dresser les grandes tendances de l’approvisionnement de la ville durant ces quatre siècles tout en s’attachant à montrer la multiplicité des modes d’acquisition des animaux domestiques comme sauvages. Pour s’approvisionner en bétail, Tours met à contribution non seulement les élevages locaux consacrés à la production de viande mais aussi ceux qui produisent lait et laine. Ce travail a aussi mis en lumière aux portes de la ville le traitement industriel des carcasses de bœufs (traitement boucher et collecte de graisse). Cette étude a permis de caractériser le régime en viande des citadins et de différents contextes sociaux de la ville et notamment de mettre en évidence la grande différence dans le régime en viande qui existe à Tours entre les élites religieuses, qui se nourrissent de pièces de viande de qualité, et le reste de la population, plus particulièrement les commerçants et artisans urbains, dont l’alimentation est marquée par une forte consommation d’abatsThis research was conducted on the basis of over 64,000 bone remains from 39 chronostratigraphic units gathered from 7 sites located throughout the city of Tours and its immediate surroundings. The objective of this study was to use this unprecedented collection to size the economic, cultural and social dimensions of the city from the 14th to the 17th century through faunal remains. Thanks to the analysis of the proportions of species of animals eaten by age and gender, it is possible to define the main trends of meat supply in Tours over the period of time considered as well as to describe the many different ways of acquiring domestic and wild animals. In order to cater to its cattle need, Tours used local livestock bred for meat as well as milk and wool production. This research also sheds light on the industrial processing of beef carcasses (meat processing and fat collection). It is also possible to define the meat diet of city dwellers and of various social contexts of the city, highlighting for instance the difference in the meat diet of the religious elite, who ate prime cuts, and the rest of the population, more specifically city shopkeepers and craftsmen, whose diet mainly comprised of offal
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Even, Pascal. "L'Assistance et la Charité à la Rochelle sous l'ancien régime : 17e-18e s." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010631.
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ZOGRAFOS, ANASTASSIOS. "Les nouveaux martyrs 16e-17e s. Essai sur l'experience religieuse du peuple orthodoxe sous domination ottomane." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20067.
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Le phenomene historique des nouveaux martyrs releve du contexte urbain ottoman ou les classes populaires musulmanes s'opposent a l'ascension economique des dimmis d'un niveau economique equivalent au leur. Il peut aussi exprimer la reaction de la communaute musulmane essayant de s'opposer a la prise du pouvoir par la communaute chretienne orthodoxe. Cependant la categorie la plus representative du phenomene est celle des martyrs volontaires, anciens renegats dans leur majorite. Le martyr "malade d'amour" dans un etat d"ivresse spirituelle" recherche dans le martyre la rencontre definitive, l'union avec son bien-aime, le christ. De son cote, le sacre "personnel" y repond en le rendant veritablement present, beau et glorieux a travers le symbolisme fondamental de la lumiere. De ce fait, l'hierophanie n'est pas une simple manifestation de quelque chose de "tout-autre", elle est experience et ses incidences sur le sujet humain sont de nature aussi bien relationnelle qu'existentielleThe historical phenomenon of the new martyrs must be seen within the urban ottoman context in whisch the muslim working classes attempt to oppose the economic rise of the dimmis, their peers in economic terms. This phenomenon may also be said to express the reaction of the muslim community trying to oppose the coming to power of the christian orthodox community. However, the most representative category of this phenomenon is that of the volontary martyrs, former renegades for the most part. The martyr "sick with love" in a state of "spiritual intoxication" seeks in martyrdom the definitive encounter or union with the "personal" sacred answers by making the martyr truly present, beautiful and glorioux throught the fundamental symbolism of ligt. The hierophany is thereby not a mere manifestation of some thing "totaly different", it is experience and its effects on the human individual are of a relational as well as an existential nature
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Fonteneau, Yannick. "Développements précoces du concept de travail mécanique (fin 17e s.-début 18e s.) : quantification, optimisation et profit de l'effet des agents producteurs." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00640402.
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En prenant comme point d'horizon l'entrée du concept de travail mécanique dans la physique théorique par les ingénieurs-savants du début de 19e siècle (Coriolis et Navier notamment), cette thèse montre la filiation de ce concept vis-à-vis de démarches apparaissant à l'aube du 18e siècle à l'Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris, notamment dans les oeuvres d'Amontons et de Parent. La thèse montre alors comment et pourquoi le concept commence à se développer au premier 18e siècle dans cet environnement, comment il est ensuite repris, enrichi, modifié par Pitot, Bélidor, Desaguliers, D. Bernoulli, et comment au contraire ce concept semble ignoré de savants plus théoriciens tel que D'Alembert. Le rôle de la rupture de la vision statique de la machine semble déterminant. Apparaît alors la forte dépendance de ce concept aux problématiques qu'il permet de résoudre, axées sur la quantification et l'optimisation de l'effet des hommes, des animaux et des machines en situation laborieuse, et leurs comparaisons mutuelles dont l'une des finalités est la recherche du profit économique. L'histoire du concept se donne à voir comme une interface permanente entre mécanique théorique, mécanique pratique, et aspects productifs. On suggère alors que la légitimité du concept tient dans sa pertinence à rendre compte du travail des agents producteurs. Enfin, la thèse s'attache à recréer l'épaisseur du réel derrière les concepts et les problématiques, en montrant ce qu'ils doivent aux stratégies gouvernementales et aux pratiques d'ingénieurs.
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Djamouri, Redouane. "Etude des formes syntaxiques dans les écrits oraculaires gravés sur os et écaille de tortue : Chine, 14e-11e s. av. J.-C." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHESA004.
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Le memoire s'articule en six chapitres distincts. Dans le premier il est traite du syntagme nominal, notamment de quantification et de caracterisation. On y aborde successivement l'emploi des quantifiants numeriques, celui des caracterisants ordinaux, des caracterisants stricts et des quantificateurs. Dans les cinq chapitres suivants, on examine le fonctionnement d'un certain nombre de particules communement associees a la determination predicative; il s'agit des auxiliaires qi (futurite), wei (diathese), hui (deontique prescriptif), you (possessif, existentiel), et des particules de negation bu, fu, wu1, wu2, wang et fei. Pour chacune de ces particules on reprend brievement les donnees epigraphiques et rappelle les precedentes analyses grammaticales. Lorsque cela est possible, et a titre d'illustration, on essaye de degager le fonctionnement de ces memes unites dans les textes ulterieurs (les inscriptions sur bronze et les ecrits canoniques)The dissertation is divided in six different chapters. The first one concerns the nominal syntagma, and treatsnotably the problem of quantification and characterisation. Uses of numeric quantifiers ordinal characterisers and quantifiers are succesively considered. In the last five chapters, we examine the functionnement of a few particles generally associated to the predicative determination; successively : qi (auxiliary of futurity), wei (auxiliary of diathesis) hui (deontic prescriptive auxiliary), you (existential possessive auxiliary) and the negation particles bu, fu, wu1, wu2, wang and fei. For each of these particles, we quote concisely the epigraphical facts and earlier grammatical analysies. When it is possible, we try to explain, as illustration, the functionnement of the same particles in the later documents (bronze inscriptions and canonic texts of the zhou period)
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Djamouri, Redouane. "Etude des formes syntaxiques dans les écrits oraculaires gravés sur os et écaille de tortue Chine, 14e-11e s. av. J.-C. /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613244g.
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Morais, Maria Carmen. "O efeito de estados de estrutura alfa no espalhamento 16O+12C e na reação de captura astrofísica 12C()16O." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-21102010-110812/.
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Neste trabalho, investigou-se o espalhamento elástico 16O+12C, considerando o efeito da troca de uma partícula alfa entre o projétil e o alvo que conduz aos mesmos núcleos do canal de entrada (transferência elástica). Foram analisadas distribuições angulares em uma faixa de energias que, no referencial de centro de massa, vai de 8,55 MeV até 56,57 MeV. A barreira coulombiana desse sistema está em torno de 11MeV. Foram realizadas medidas de distribuição angular das reações de transferência elástica e inelástica no sistema 16O+12C, em Elab = 46, 26 MeV. A análise dessas medidas forneceu os fatores espectroscópicos, 12C+_alfa _ 16O, do estado fundamental e dos estados excitados J_ = 2+ e J_ = 1, ambos logo abaixo do limiar de emissão alfa, em 7,16 MeV. A partir do valor da amplitude espectroscópica do estado J_ = 2+, determinou-se um valor confiável para o Coeficiente de Normalização Assintótica, 1,05± 0,13(105 fm1/2), este valor foi usado para calcular a largura reduzida desse estado e realizando um cálculo de matriz R determinou-se o fator S astrofísico em energias em torno do pico de Gamow, S(E2)=37keVb.The 16O+12C elastic scattering was investigated considering the effect of exchange of an alpha particle between projectile and target leading to the same nuclei of the entrance channel (elastic transfer). Angular distributions were analyzed in an energy range from 8.55 MeV to 56.57 MeV in the center of mass frame. The Coulomb barrier is around 11MeV for this system. Measurements of angular distributions of elastic and inelastic transfer reactions to states of the 16O in the 16O+12C system were performed at Elab = 46, 26MeV. Those measurements provided the spectroscopic factors of 12C+_ 16O for the ground state and for J_ = 2+ and J_ = 1 16O excited states, both just below the _-threshold at 7.16 MeV. The Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient (ANC) for the J_ = 2+ state was obtained (1.05 ±0,13(105 fm1/2)) and used to calculate the reduced width of this state, with this value a R-matrix calculation was performed to determine the astrophysical S-factor in energies around the Gamow peak, S(E2)=37keVb.
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Koumoussi, Anastassia. "Les peintures murales de deux églises byzantines des 13e-14e s. En eubée : transfiguration de pyrgi et sainte-thècle. (rapports avec l'art occidental)." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010528.
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Poliquin, Myriam. "S??curit?? en r??gion frontali??re: les relations transgouvernementales de la S??ret?? du Qu??bec." Mémoire, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/122.
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En mati??re de s??curit?? en r??gion frontali??re, les ??tats f??d??raux nord-am??ricains ne sont pas les seuls acteurs puisque celle-ci renvoie ?? plusieurs champs de comp??tences constitutionnels partag??s avec les gouvernements f??d??r??s ou d??tenus par ceux-ci. Ainsi, au Canada la s??curit?? en r??gion frontali??re concerne autant les comp??tences f??d??rales que les responsabilit??s provinciales. La S??ret?? du Qu??bec ??tant l???organisation polici??re de la province, elle est amen??e ?? jouer un r??le important en cette mati??re. Cette organisation reste un acteur transnational au sens de Keohane et Nye, elle ??tablit des relations transgouvernementales avec ses homologues ?? travers le monde, notamment pour assurer la s??curit?? en r??gion frontali??re. L???existence d???une culture organisationnelle partag??e par la majorit?? des polici??res et des policiers favorise l?????tablissement de relations entre eux, qui ne se produisent pas sous les directives du gouvernement f??d??ral ou m??me des gouvernements provinciaux. Cette ??tude ne concerne pas l???ensemble des activit??s internationales de la S??ret?? du Qu??bec, mais se concentre sur les relations transgouvernementales entretenues par les directeurs et directeurs adjoints des quatorze postes frontaliers ?? la fronti??re Qu??bec-??tats-Unis. Ces fonctionnaires de proximit?? poss??dent un pouvoir discr??tionnaire et une autonomie particuli??re au sein de l???organisation polici??re et cela leur permet de choisir ou non d?????tablir des relations avec leurs homologues. Cette ??tude cible les facteurs qui favorisent et les ??l??ments qui entravent l?????tablissement des relations transgouvernementales des polici??res et policiers en r??gion frontali??re.
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Cousseau, Vincent. "Population et anthroponymie en Martinique du XVIIe s. à la première moitié du XIXe s. : étude d'une société coloniale à travers son système de dénomination personnel." Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0299.
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Cette étude est un travail de démographie historique et d’anthroponymie portant sur les noms propres employés pour désigner les personnes durant l’époque coloniale esclavagiste, du XVIIe siècle à l’abolition de 1848 et ses suites immédiates. Le terrain d’étude retenu est l’espace Caraïbéen de colonisation française, particulièrement la Martinique, à partir de sources diversifiées, spécialement les registres des paroisses. Plusieurs niveaux d’analyse sont retenus : le niveau familial, le niveau infra-local (l’unité d’habitation), paroissial et enfin insulaire. Dans un premier temps sont présentés le champ d'étude, les sources et la méthodologie de l’enquête. La construction de la société martiniquaise est ensuite exposée avec l’examen du peuplement et de la structure socio-économique. L’organisation sociale est étudiée à partir des comportements démographiques et des relations sociales (structures familiales, métissage, parrainage) puis le système de prénomination est examiné à travers les modes d’attribution du nom de baptême ou de naissance. On dégage ainsi les similitudes et différences significatives du corpus de noms individuels en fonction des différentes catégories de population (Blancs, libres de couleur, esclaves). Les comportements de chaque groupe sont ensuite étudiés, en s’intéressant aux modalités de choix de ces noms, à leur diffusion et à leur emploi, à partir de l’examen des différents types de noms (noms de baptême ou d’état-civil, surnoms et sobriquets). L’analyse des résultats, en faisant émerger les lignes de solidarité, d’échanges et de tensions, s’insère dans l’étude du fonctionnement de cette société coloniale et de son système de relations socialesThis study is about historical demography and anthroponymy dealing with the proper nouns which were used to designate people during the colonial and slavery era, from the 17th century to the 1848 abolition. It focuses on the French Carribean colonial space and more specifically on Martinique, with diversified sources, especially parish registers. Different levels of analysis will be dealt with: the family level, the parish level and to finish, the island level. The first part presents the scope of the study, the sources and the methodology of the survey. The next one deals with the construction of the society of Martinique, the examination of the population and the colony’s socioeconomic structure. The social structure is analysed from the demographic pattern and social relations (the family structure, the mixing of people, the choice of godfathers and godmothers. ) In the light of these elements, the naming system is studied through the way the Christian name and the birth name were chosen to bring out the significant similarities and differences of the corpus of individual names according to the different groups of population (white people, free coloured people and slaves). Then, the habits of each group are studied, from the study of the different types of names (Christian names or birth names, common names and nicknames), focusing on the way they were chosen, on the way they spread and on the way they were used. Bringing out the lines of solidarity of exchange and of tensions, the analysis of the results fits into the study of the social relation system of this colonial society and the way it works
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Fernandes, Gustavo Adolfo de Sousa Rodrigues. "Culture`s for us: uma plataforma para o turismo móvel." Master's thesis, Universidade da Madeira, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/121.
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Silantieva, Olʹga Ûrʹevna. "Le Pays de Cocagne et le Schlaraffenland dans la littérature française et allemande aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/14628416X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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Dans la thèse on reconstruisit les idées concernant le pays de Cocagne en France et Schlaraffenland en Allemagne aux 18e et 19e siècles. Deux conceptions et deux images s'opposent l'un à l'autre, par suite de cela on met en relief des particularités individuelles et des traits communs qui favorisent leur envisagement comme des notions archétypiques qui sont propres à toutes les nations du monde. Les mots "cocagne" et "Schlaraffenland" et les représentations qui sont à leur base apparurent pour la première fois dans les régions voisines de l'Europe au nord-est de la France et au sud-sud-ouest de l'Allemagne contemporaine. À l'étape primaire de l'existence des sagas et des légendes concernant le pays d'abondance les deux notions étaient presque identiques d'après leur signification. Aux 15e-16e ss. Le mot "Schlaraffenland" obtint une connotation négative et peu à peu il commença à désigner "un pays de paresseux". Les dictionnaires et les encyclopédies allemands et français des 17e – 19e ss. Reflétèrent la différence des notions (celle française "un pays d’abondance" et celle allemande d'"un pays des paresseux et des gastrolâtres"). Bien que les mots "Cocagne" et "Schlaraffenland" soient utilisés aux 18e -19e ss. Comme des synonymes, les images qui sont à leur base ne sont pas les mêmes. On croit que le pays de Cocagne est un heureux pays, un pays de joie. Vers la fin du 19e siècle son image disparaissait peu à peu de l'expérience du sens et au 20e fut ramené à l’association unique - "cocagne c'est quelque chose de bon". Au contraire, Schlaraffenland, un pays connu pour tous d'après les contes du 19e s. , c'est un pays de paresse et de la nourriture très accessible ou "un univers à l'envers"The PHD thesis deals with the reconstraction of the European images of lands of abundance, by examples of the land of Cocaigne in France and Schlaraffenland in Germany in the 18th and 19th centuries. The author compared the both notions to each other, and subsequently identified the individual features typical for each national literature, as well as features, common for many nations in the world. These common features allow author to say, that the images are archtypical. The words "cocagne", "Schlaraffenland" and their images for the first time appeared in the neighbour European regions of the North-East of France and South-West of contemporary Germany. They existed in the form of legends and popular tales and narrated about the land of abundance. On that time both names had the same meaning. In the 15th-16th centuries the word "Schlaraffenland" obtained the negative sense and began to mean "the land of idlers". The dictionaries of 17th and 19th centuries reflected this change of the meaning. The both words - Cocagne and Schlaraffenland - were used in the 18th and 19th centuries as synonyms, but the images, that they had were not identical. They believed that Cocagne was the land of happiness. But at the end of the 19th century this image almost disappeared, the word "cocagne" began to mean "something pleasant". On the contrary the notion "Schlaraffenland" is well known even today thanks to fairy-tails of the 19th century, that promoted it as the land of idleness with food in abundance
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Li, Hui. "Computational studies of protein pK(a)s and metalloprotein reduction potentials." Diss., University of Iowa, 2004. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/121.
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Drobinsky, Julia. ""Peindre, pourtraire, escrire", le rapport entre le texte et l'image dans les manuscrits enluminés de Guillaume de Machaut (XIVe-XVe s. )." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040131.
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Ahda, M'Hamed. "Structures et mutations économiques et sociales au Tafilalt (XVII-XVIIIè s) : le poids des relations avec l'Afrique noire (Bilad-es-Sudan)." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20049.
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Cette etude a ete consacree a l'essai de reconstitution du systeme socio-politique de tafilalt (sud-est marocain) rappelant les alternances de prosperite et de decadence qui furent sa destinee ; les echanges avec le maghreb et l'afrique noire apparaissent comme elements determinants des dynamiques economiques. L'etat de guerre et de luttes perpetuelles entre les populations (montagnards, nomades et sedentaires) qu'a connu la region par la suite au xvii et xviiieme siecle, n'etait guere favorable a un relevement economiqueThis study has been devoted to the attempt of reconstitution of tafilalt's (south-eastern morocco) socio-political system recalling the alternations of prosperity and decay which had been its destiny ; the exchanges with the "maghreb" and black africa became evident as determinant factors of the economic dynamics. The state of war, and perpetual struggles between the populations (mountain-dwellers, nomades and sedentary people) experienced by the region, later on in the 17th and 18th centuries, was unfavourable to an economic recovery
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Snítilý, David. "Autonomní záložní zdroj 230V/50Hz/300VA s bateriovým napájením 12V." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217587.
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The aim of this project is to describe, design and create a converter from 12V DC to 230 VRMS. The power of this device is about 500W. The device consists of two main converters. The first one is step-up DC/DC converter and the other is DC/AC inverter. Step-up converter is designed as a resonant converter. It is useful for pushing down losses in semiconductors and inceasing efficiency. The inverter is changing DC voltage from the first converter to AC voltage. Control of this device is realized with DSP Motorola. This device should be used mainly for supply common devices up to 500W. Main usage is planed in a car or to another place where is not posible to connect some device to plug.
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Wirawan, Yerry. "La communauté chinoise de Makassar (XVIIe - XXe s. )." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0124.
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Le port de Makassar (Célèbes Sud) fut durant des siècles un des grands centres pour le négoce des produits du Grand Est Indonésien, et antérieurement un relais dans le commerce des épices. Pourtant, sa communauté chinoise qui avait un rôle important dans le trafic maritime est restée peu étudiée. Cette étude, en quatre chapitres, se veut une tentative pour donner une première vision d'ensemble de l'histoire du développement de la communauté chinoise de Makassar depuis ses débuts qui se situent sans doute à la fin du XVI" s. Voire au début du XVIIe s. Jusqu'en 1965The port of Makassar (South Sulawesi) had played a major role in the trading of the Great Eastern Indonesia's products for centuries. It served as hub port for the distribution of the spices. However, studies about the Makasar Chinese community who played an important role in this maritime trading remained limited. This dissertation is a first project attempting to research the history and development of the Makasar Chinese community between the period of 16th -1 Th century to 1965. The year 1965 is used as a cutting point in this research, as the assimilation process introduced by the New Order Government brought a significant change to the social and cultural life of the Chinese Community in Indonesia
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Eichlerová, Alena. "Strategie firmy ROMOTOP spol. s r.o. na mezinárodních trzích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-128.
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Parello, Vincent. "Les judeo-convers dans le diocese de tolede (1474-1575). Strategies et mecanismes d'integration sociale." Strasbourg 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR20005.
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Cette etude a pour objet les solidarities et les sociabilites judeo-converses dans le diocese de tolede a la fin du xve et dans la premiere mioitie du xvie siecle. Le gros de l'information a ete recueillie dans les proces pour inhabilitation, les listes d'inhabilites, et les genealogies etablies par les inquisiteurs toledans dans la premiere moitie du xvie siecle, qui se trouvent dans la section d'inquisition de tolede de l'archivo historico nacional. Malgre l'impact de la premiere vague de repression inquisitoriale, l'obstacle de dispositions legales contraires. Les judeo-convers parviennent a s'integrer dans la societe vieille-chretienne de l'epoque, ou il finissent par former - du moins dans la manche - de veritables elites rurales ou semi-rurales, qui s'integrent dans une economie a la fois semi-urbaine, agricole et commerciale, et gravitent autour des differents conseils municipaux et administrations localesThe aim of this work is to analyse the solidarities and sociabilities of the converted jews in the inquisitorial district of toledo at the end of the xvth century and the beginning of the xvith century. Most of the information has been collected in the disqualification tirals, the lists of the disquelified and the genealogies established by the inquisitors of toledo in the first half of the xvith century, which are to be found in the toledo's inquisitorial section of the archivo historico nacional. At the end of the xvth century, the spanish inquisition (torquemada's edict of 1484) and the monarchy of the catholic kings (orders of ecija and grenade, 1501) create a discriminating legislative system against the new christians settled in the castillan realm. In spite of the first wave of inquisitorial repression added to the obstacle of disqualifying legal dispositions, the converted jews succeed in integrating into the old christian society in which they finally constitute - at least in la mancha - veritable rural or semi0rural elites
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Melina, Giovanni. "Macroeconomic implications of fiscal policy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/121.
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2008-2009This thesis investigates the macroeconomics e ects of scal policy from a theoretical and empirical perspective. The rst part of the thesis surveys recent theoretical and empirical studies in the related literature. The analysis shows that while consensus has emerged on the positive e ect that an expansionary scal policy has on output and hours worked, no widespread consensus exists on the e ects that such a policy delivers to private consumption, real wages and investment. While in standard RBC models the negative wealth e ect on households' lifetime resource constraint prevails, in more or less articulated new-Keynesian models a crowding-in e ect of consumption and an increase in wages is made possible also under plausible calibrations. While early empirical contributions gave credit to the standard neoclassical predictions, the most recent econometric applications, generally making use of structural VARs, have supported and in many cases have inspired the latest new-Keynesian claims. Next, this work applies graphical modelling theory to identify scal policy shocks in SVAR models of the US economy. Unlike other econometric approaches { which achieve identi cation by relying on potentially contentious a priori assumptions { graphical modelling is a data based tool. Our results are in line with Keynesian theoretical models, being also quantitatively similar to those obtained in the recent SVAR literature a la Blanchard and Perotti (2002), and contrast with neoclassical real business cycle predictions. Stability checks con rm that our ndings are not driven by sample selection. In its nal part, the thesis empirically explores the information content of a large set of scal indicators for US real output growth and in ation. We provide evidence that uctuations in certain scal variables contain valuable information to predict uctuations in output and prices. The distinction between federal and state-local scal indicators yields useful insights and helps de ne a new set of stylized facts for US macroeconomic conditions. First, we nd that variations in state-local indirect taxes as well as state government surplus or de cit help predict output growth. Next, the federal counterparts of these indicators contain valuable information for in ation. Finally, state-local expenditures help predict US in ation. A set of formal and informal stability tests con rm that these relationships are stable. The scal indicators in questions are also among theones that yield the best in-sample and out-of-sample performances.
VIII n.s.
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Devard, Jérôme. "Parenté et Pouvoir(s) dans la matière de France et le roman de Renart : approche socio-juridique de la représentation familiale aux XIIe-XIIIe siècles." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT5004.
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Malgré les apports de l'anthropologie juridique, l'étude de la norme au travers des sources narratives médiévales est encore de nos jours à l'état embryonnaire. Les historiens du droit restent attachés, très logiquement, à l'étude de la norme formalisée et coercitive, tandis que les historiens des faits sociaux restent circonspects quant à la capacité informative des sources littéraires. Souhaitant dépasser ce clivage culturel, cette thèse renouvelle les sources de l'analyse juridique, en recourant aux fictions médiévales du XIIe-XIIIe siècle. Les processus normatifs étudiés au travers le prisme de la parenté dans la Matière de France et le Roman de Renart révèlent une représentation cohérente de l'organisation sociale, s'appuyant à la fois sur les réalités séculières du système judiciaire des XIIe-XIIIe siècles, mais également sur une anastylose poétique de pratiques et de normes héritées des temps mérovingiens et carolingiens. En fait, le système normatif fictionnel repose sur les normes contemporaines, sur le souvenir imparfait des normes antérieures, mais également sur une pluralité de valeurs et de comportements codifiés. Ainsi, les fictions médiévales ne sont pas seulement des « machines judiciaires », mais bien des « machines normatives », qui englobent non seulement la norme reconnue ou la règle admise, autrement dit la « juridicité » de la pratique judiciaire antérieure et contemporaine aux XIIe-XIIIe siècles, ainsi que ses représentations ou reconstructions, mais également un système de références morales et comportementales. Par ailleurs, si dans les récits, les deux sources matricielles de normativité sont incontestablement la vassalité et la parenté, les règles juridiques qui en découlent, apparaissent bien souvent comme étant supplétives de volonté : leur respect ou leur défiance dépend à la fois des intérêts, des aspirations et des postures d'un individu, mais également des contraintes fictionnelles que les récits déterminent entre euxIn spite of the contributions of the legal anthropology, the study of the standard through the medieval narrative sources is even nowadays in the embryonic state. The historians of the law remain attached, very logically, to the study of the formalized and coercive standard, whereas the historians of the social facts remain cautious as for the informative capacity of the literary sources. Wishing to overtake this cultural cleavage, this thesis renews the sources of the legal analysis, by resorting to the medieval fictions of the XIIe-XIIIe century. The normative processes studied in the fault the prism of the kinship in the Matière de France and Le Roman de Renart reveal a coherent representation of the social organization, leaning at the same time on the secular realities of the judicial system. of the XIIe-XIIIe centuries, but also on the poetic anastylose of practices and standards inherited from Merovingian and Carolingian times. The fictional normative system thus bases on the contemporary standards, on the imperfect memory of the previous standards, but also on the plurality of values and codified behavior. So, the medieval fictions are not only " judicial machines ", but also many " normative machines ", which include not only the recognized standard or the accepted ruler, in other words the "juridicité" of the previous and contemporary judicial practice in the XIIe-XIIIe centuries, as well as its representations or reconstructions, but also a system of moral and behavioral references. Besides, ff the texts, both matrix sources of normativity are unmistakably the submission and the kinship, the legal rules which ensue from it, appear very often as being auxiliary of will: their respect or their mistrust depends at the same time on interests, on aspiration and on postures of an individual, but also on fictional constraints which narratives determine between them
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Henriksson, Maria. "Cellular targets of Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin Exoenzyme S." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-121.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Maclean, Ian: Montaigne als Philosoph. Fink, München 1998, 120 S. (Rezension)." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-151923.
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Montaigne als Philosoph: Das ist bei Maclean der im 16. Jahrhundert studierte Jurist Montaigne, der methodisch und sachlich die Gepflogenheiten wissenschaftlichen Disputierens kennt und beherrscht. Dass alle Kenntnisse und Wissenschaften In Montaignes Essais wie zusammengestürzt präsent sind, lässt Maclean schließlich von den "Trümmern eines philosophischen Gebäudes" sprechen.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Maclean, Ian: Montaigne als Philosoph. Fink, München 1998, 120 S. (Rezension)." Lendemains, 95/96 (1999), S. 188-191 ISBN 978-3-86057-965-7, 1999. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12904.
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Montaigne als Philosoph: Das ist bei Maclean der im 16. Jahrhundert studierte Jurist Montaigne, der methodisch und sachlich die Gepflogenheiten wissenschaftlichen Disputierens kennt und beherrscht. Dass alle Kenntnisse und Wissenschaften In Montaignes Essais wie zusammengestürzt präsent sind, lässt Maclean schließlich von den "Trümmern eines philosophischen Gebäudes" sprechen.
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Cornelius, Robert. "Graderad verkan med Stridsvagn 122." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-772.
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Denna undersökning påvisar möjligheten att gradera verkan med stridsvagn 122 vid en insats i Sveriges insatsområde i Afghanistan. Hotbilden som råder gör att personalen måste ha ett gott skydd och möjlighet till verkan vilket stridsvagnen erbjuder. Tyngdpunkten i undersökningen ligger på modern 120 mm ammunition där Försvarsmaktens övningsammunition kan användas för att minska effekten i målet och på så sätt gradera verkan. På marknaden finns det ammunition som skulle komplettera redan befintlig ammunitionsportfölj framförallt på korta avstånd och då även med möjligheten att skjuta varningseld. Sekundärbeväpning (kulsprutor) på vagnen kan även den användas för att gradera verkan. Vidare finns det möjlighet att med rökkastarna verka med icke dödliga medel som tårgas och chockgranater då eskaleringen i en situation är låg. De olika vapensystem som undersökningen tar upp har värderats och placerats in i en eskaleringsmodell där lägsta nivån är att visa närvaro och högsta är verkanseld med flertalet vagnar.
The study indicates the possibility of obtaining scalable effects with Leopard 2A5 (S) in a mission in Sweden’s area of responsibility in Afghanistan. The threat that exists against the soldiers makes the ability to have good protection and possibility to obtain effect, which the Leopard 2A5 (S) offers, amust. The main part of the study stresses on modern 120 mm munitions in which the Swedish Armed Forces’ training munitions can be used to reduce the effect in a target and thus makes it a scalable effect. In the market there are munitions that would complement the existing portfolio of munitions, particularly at short distances, and with the ability to shoot warning shots. Secondary Armament (machine guns) on the tank can also be used to obtain a scalable effect. Furthermore, there is an opportunity to use the smoke launchers with non lethal means such as teargas and stun grenades when the level of escalation in a situation is low. The different weapon systems that is discussed in the study has been valued and placed into aescalation model where the lowest level is to show presence and the highest is fire for effect withmultiple tanks.
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Reitz, Guilherme. "Mudanças estratégicas em empresas nascentes inovadoras : o caso da Axado Tecnologia S/A." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/121.
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This paper seeks to address the concern of the researcher on the subject of strategic changes in technology-based company. To meet the goal were worked on business concepts based on technology, innovation, strategy and their types. Using the model of Pettigrew (1987) structure analysis of the research was divided into: content, process and context. The content was analyzed according to the approaches of Mintzberg (1988), Day (1990) and Porter (1998), about the types of cost strategy, differentiation and segmentation. The process was analyzed based on the concepts of strategy formulation of six authors. The context was approached as internal and external, and, for that, the study used as a basis the concepts of resources and capabilities, while it sought to observe the variables that had low or high impact on the organization. Through the theoretical framework, made possible the assessment of strategic changes in the fledgling company Axado Technology S/A. It was prepared a case study through a qualitative research with the participation of five respondents. The research participant, tried to describe the strategic changes four times divided in a longitudinal cut. The results showed that initially the external environment was not valued by the entrepreneurs and the strategies were reactive and focused on solving a logistical problem of the old company. Later with the entry strategies of investors have gone from reactive to proactive, the defensive prospectors, emerging deliberate. The external context, through investors, had positive and significant; The generated internal entrepreneurs by surprise to see significant results through intangible assets.
Este trabalho busca atender a inquietação do pesquisador sobre o tema mudanças estratégicas em empresa de base tecnológica. Para cumprir o objetivo foram trabalhados os conceitos de empresa de base tecnológica, inovação, estratégia e suas tipologias. Utilizando o modelo de Pettigrew (1987) a estrutura de análise da pesquisa foi dividida em: conteúdo, processo e contexto. O conteúdo foi analisado segundo as abordagens de Mintzberg (1988), Day (1990) e Porter (1998), sobre as tipologias de estratégia por custo, diferenciação e segmentação. O processo foi analisado com base nos conceitos de formulação de estratégia de seis autores. O contexto foi abordado como interno e externo, sendo que, para aquele, o estudo utilizou como base os conceitos de recursos e capacidades, ao passo que para este buscou observar as variáveis que tiveram baixo ou alto impacto na organização. Por meio do arcabouço teórico, tornou-se possível a apreciação das mudanças estratégicas na empresa nascente Axado Tecnologia S/A. Foi elaborado um estudo de caso, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa com a participação de cinco entrevistados. A pesquisa, participante, buscou descrever as mudanças estratégicas de quatro momentos, divididos em um recorte longitudinal. Como resultados observou-se que no início o contexto externo foi pouco valorizado pelos empreendedores e as estratégias eram reativas e focadas em solucionar um problema logístico da antiga empresa. Posteriormente com a entrada dos investidores as estratégias passaram de reativas a proativas, defensivas a prospectoras, emergentes a deliberadas. O contexto externo, por meio de investidores, teve impactos positivos e relevantes; O interno gerou surpresa aos empreendedores por trazer importantes resultados por meio de recursos intangíveis.
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Hauser, Lukas. "Extraction of zinc, copper and lead from polluted soils by [S, S']-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Institut für Terrestrische Ökologie, 2003. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=120.
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Navarro, Pascale. "La femme lettrée au 18e siècle, fiction et théorie chez S. de Genlis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0027/MQ50551.pdf.
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Navarro, Pascale 1962. "La femme lettrée au 18e siècle : fiction et théorie chez S. de Genlis." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21245.
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Stephanie de Genlis (1746--1830) is amongst the most productive women authors of her generation. We will base our work upon the research of Catherine Rubinger and Roland Bonnel (in Femmes savantes et femmes d'esprit) in order to describe the society of women authors at the end of the 18th century; we will also look at their literary practices, as well as analyze the environment which contributed to their discourse. We will then study the literary styles favored by de Genlis; Georges May's study on the novel (Le Dilemme du roman) will be used as a first step towards understanding de Genlis' choices as an author. Our third chapter will be dedicated to De l'influence des femmes sur la litterature francaise, in which the author develops her theory about the institution of French literature, about the status of women authors, and about literature in general. Finally, we will put forward an analysis of the ways in which women authors are portrayed in selected narrative texts. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Leroux, Renata. "L' immigration italienne à S. Paulo (1880-1920) : de la grande plantation de café à la fabrique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10081.
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Coelho, Giselle Floriano. "Gestão de fornecedores sob as dimensões da sustentabilidade : um modelo de referência para a CELESC Distribuição S/A." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2014. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/125.
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This study is about the sustainable supply chain management that aims to propose a reference model for Celesc Distribution S/A in terms of guidelines, goals and reference practices. The theoretical research examines the concepts of sustainable development, sustainability and corporate social responsibility, as well as the connection between management focused on sustainability and its relationship with suppliers. Next, the theoretical research deepens into the following subjects: sustainable supply chain management and the standards and indicators applicable, which are ISO 26.000, 16.001 and Ethos- ABRADEE indicators, sources for the establishment of referential sustainable supply chain management practices. Once defined the theoretical research, the documentary research is initiated in order to map the best practices in the sustainable supply chain management in those pre-selected power distribution companies in order to build a benchmark framework, which is used as a reference to establish the diagnosis of Celesc Distribution S/A in terms of the approaches, gaps and overshoots related to the best practices in the power distribution sector. Finally, guidelines are proposed to the top management as well as the goals/reference practices for a sustainable supply chain management.
Trata-se de um estudo sobre a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos sustentável que tem por objetivo a proposição de um modelo referencial para a Celesc Distribuição S/A sob a forma de diretrizes, objetivos e práticas referenciais. Na pesquisa teórica, são abordados os conceitos de desenvolvimento sustentável, sustentabilidade e responsabilidade social empresarial, assim como a conexão entre a gestão voltada à sustentabilidade e o relacionamento com fornecedores. Na sequência, a pesquisa teórica aprofunda-se no tema da cadeia de suprimentos sustentável e nas normas e indicadores de gestão aplicáveis, quais sejam, as normas ABNT NBR ISO 26.000, 16.001 e os Indicadores Ethos-ABRADEE, fontes para o estabelecimento das práticas referenciais da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos sustentável. Delimitada a pesquisa teórica, é iniciada a pesquisa documental para mapear as melhores práticas da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos sustentável nas empresas distribuidoras de energia elétrica pré-selecionadas, de forma a construir um quadro de benchmark, o qual é utilizado como referência para estabelecer o diagnóstico da Celesc Distribuição S/A quanto às aproximações, gaps e superações em relação às melhores práticas do setor. Por fim, são propostas diretrizes para a alta direção da empresa, assim como os objetivos/práticas referenciais da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos sustentável.
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Ghoche, Raymond. "La Conception de la dialectique dans la pensée arabe classique : 8è au 12è s." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010586.
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La conception de la dialectique dans la pensee arabe classique est fondee sur les philosophies des valeurs a l'encontre de la dialectique dans la pensee helleniste, laquelle est basee sur les philosophies de l'etre. La plupart des philosophes arabes, a l'exception des mu'tazilites, abou'ala al-ma'ari et averroes qui ont opte pour les philosophies de l'etre, ont fonde leur conception de la dialectique sur les philosophies des valeurs -khabar-. On peut distinguer quatre conceptions fondees sur la philosophie de l'etre chez les grecs et dans l'ecole d'alexandrie, deux dynamiques : 1. La dialectique fondee sur le dialogue avec soi-meme et avec autrui chez heraclite, socrate, zenon d'elee et platon. 2. La dialectique fondee sur les raisonnements intuitifs et dis- cursif chez platon et plotin. Et deux statiques : 1. La dialectique qui s'identifie a la logique chez aristote. 2. La dialectique qui reste un monologue chez parmenide. Par contre, dans la pensee arabe classique on a degage deux lignees dans cette voie dialectique : 1. Une dialectique qui s'identifie avec le "jadal" et qui se fonde essentiellement sur les philosophies des valeurs qui, elles-memes prennent leur essence dans les valeurs supremes, dans les moeurs, les coutumes et les religions. L'esprit n'avait vis-a-vis de ces donnees que le simple choix entre croire ou refuser. La dialectique a ce ni- veau devient un "jadal" fonde sur le "tasdiq", valeur veridique, et le "rasm", transmission des donnees antecedentes. On trouve dialectique "jadal" chez kindi, farabi, avicenne et ghazali. 2. Une dialectique positive : a) fondee sur la logique chez averroes. B) fondee sur une philosophie existentialiste : ma'ari a jete les fondements d'une triade dialectique fondee sur le principe de con- tradiction.
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Zidarič, Walter. "Aleksandr S. Dargomyžskij et son opéra La Rusalka." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0011.
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Cette thèse retrace la vie et la carrière du compositeur Alexandre Dargomyzskij (1813-1869) à une époque de profondes transformations pour la société russe. Sous le règne de Nicolas Ier, d'abord, il fut partie prenante du combat mené par la censure tsariste, le snobisme malveillant des aristocrates et l'hégémonie des modèles occidentaux. Le climat d'ouverture qui caractérisa, ensuite, le règne d'Alexandre II permit l'éclosion d'une culture musicale nationale qui joua un rôle de premier plan dans la société russe et devint, de plus en plus, un terrain de combat idéologique contrel'ingérence étrangère. C'est dans ce contexte qu'eut lieu la création de la Roussalka (1856), troisième opéra national, après ceux de Glinka, oeuvre emblématique de cette époque, inspirée du drame de Pouchkine, qui passait à tort pour inachevé, et dont le compositeur fut aussi l'auteur du livretThis dissertation focuses on the life and career of composer Alexander Dargomizhsky (1813-1869) at a time when Russian society was experiencing drastic changes. In the reign of Nicholas I, firstly, he participated in the fight led by Russian artists to give birth to a national music, thwarted by the tsarist censorship, the malevolent snobbery of the aristocracy, and the hegemony of western models. Then Alexander II's reign, characterised by its more conciliatory climate, enabled the emergence of a national musical culture which was to play a major role in Russian society and to trigger little by little an ideological battle against foreign interference. Rusalka (1856), third national opera after those by Glinka, was created in such a context. This opera, wrongly regarded as incomplete for so long, based upon one of Pushkin's plays, and whose libretto was written by the composer himself, is emblematic of the period
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Rosa, do carmo Fillipe Luiz. "La protéine de couche de surface SlpB assure la médiation de l’immunomodulation et de l’adhésion chez le probiotique Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSARB315/document.
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Propionibacterium freudenreichii est une bactérie Gram-positive bénéfique, traditionnellement utilisée comme levain d’affinage fromager, qui bénéficie du statut GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe). P. freudenreichii a révélé un effet immunomodulateur qui a été confirmé in vivo par la capacité à protéger des souris d’une colite aigüe induite. L’effet anti-inflammatoire est cependant hautement souche-dépendant. Il est dû, au moins en partie, à des composés de surface clés qui favorisent ces effets probiotiques. Les bactéries Gram-positives, y compris P. freudenreichii, peuvent être recouvertes d’une couche extérieure protéique, appelée « surface-layer », paracristalline, et formée par l’autoassemblage de protéines dites de S-layer (Slps). Les Slps, dans différentes bactéries, sont impliquées dans plusieurs caractéristiques probiotiques, telles que l’adhésion aux cellules de l’hôte et au mucus, la persistance dans l’intestin, ou encore l’immunomodulation. Le but de cette étude est d’étudil’immunomodulation. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier, chez une souche probiotique de P. freudenreichii, la protéine de surface qui joue le principal rôle dans les interactions probiotiques avec l’hôte. La souche P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129, récemment reconnue comme immunomodulatrice prometteuse, possède plusieurs protéines de surface Slps, y compris SlpB. Dans la présente étude, l’inactivation du gène correspondant, dans la souche mutante CB129¿slpB, a provoqué une baisse drastique de l’adhésion aux cellules intestinales épithéliales HT-29, confirmant le rôle clé des Slps dans l’adhésiPropionibacterium freudenreichii is a beneficial Gram-positive bacterium, traditionally used as a cheese ripening starter, with the GRAS status (Generally Recognized As Safe). P. freudenreichii has revealed an immunomodulatory effect confirmed in vivo by the ability to protect mice from induced acute colitis. The anti-inflammatory effect is however highly strain-dependent and due, at least in part, to key surface compounds favouring probiotic effects. Gram-positive bacteria, including P. freudenreichii, can be covered with an external proteinaceous layer called a surface-layer paracrystalin layer and formed by the self-assembly of surface-layer-proteins (Slps). Slps were shown, in different bacteria, to be involved in several probiotics traits, such as adhesion to host cells and mucus, persistence within the gut, or immunomodulation. The aim of this study is to investigate, in a P. freudenreichii probiotic strain, the surface protein that plays the main role in the probioticinteraction with the host. The P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 strain recently revealed promising immunomodulatory properties and possesses several Slps, including SlpB. In the presented work, inactivation of the corresponding gene, CB129¿slpBa mutant strain, caused a drastic decrease in adhesion to intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells, further evidencing the key role of Slps in cell adhesion. we investigated immune response of HT-29 cells towards P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 and CB129¿slpB. The wild type strain mainly induced expression of the immunomodulatory IL-10 by the cells. Interestingly, th
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Magri, Geisy Graziela. "O papel da educação ambiental popular e da agroecologia na escola rural: estudando e aprimorando a formação socioambiental de professores(as)." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/125.
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The field of environmental education is expanding and developing research focused on work with (the) teachers (the) students have a high profile over the years, emphasizing the importance of knowing (as) professionals involved in environmental education activities , their daily lives, their needs and difficulties. This study aims to analyze and understand the perceptions, values and environmental practices in the school environment through research critical of their effectiveness and trainer, through different stages of development, acting effectively and in forming and strengthening implementation of agroecology in daily life of rural schools and the adequacy of disciplinary curricula. The activities in this study were developed in a rural school, by performing a diagnosis, environmental education, which sought to investigate the perceptions and environmental practices developed; worked in construction, development and evaluation of a continuing education in environmental education and agroecology, developed in the unit HTPC in school schedules, coordinated the construction of an educational booklet with texts and methodologies of environmental education indicated by (the) teachers participating; encouraged and analyzed the development of environmental projects and presentation of the same Seminar on educational projects and environmental education rural schools - UFSCar. Through this study we can conclude that the effectiveness of the development of environmental education in the school environment depends on the formation of (the) teachers (as) active and transformations of concepts and teaching practices developed that seek to integrate educational practices, the reality Environmental and social and environmental training of students (as) and teachers (as). And from these activities can be transformative integrate agroecological knowledge with course content developed curricula learning, trying to teach (the) students (as) to rural work sustainably, recognizing the social, economic and cultural environment rural.
O campo da educação ambiental está em franca expansão e o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas a trabalhos com os(as) educadores(as) escolares têm um grande destaque ao longo dos anos, ressaltando a importância de conhecer os(as) profissionais envolvidos nas atividades educativas ambientais, seus cotidianos, suas necessidades e dificuldades. Este estudo teve objetivos de analisar e compreender as percepções, valores e as práticas ambientais desenvolvidas no ambiente escolar, através da investigação da sua efetividade crítica e formadora, por diferentes etapas de desenvolvimento, atuando de forma efetiva e formadora na implantação e fortalecimento da agroecologia no cotidiano das escolas rurais e na adequação dos currículos disciplinares. As atividades deste estudo foram desenvolvidas numa escola rural, através da realização de um diagnóstico educativo-ambiental, que buscou investigar as percepções e práticas socioambientais desenvolvidas; atuou na construção, desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma formação continuada em educação ambiental e agroecologia, desenvolvida na unidade escolar nos horários de HTPC; coordenou a construção de uma apostila pedagógica com textos e metodologias de educação ambiental indicadas pelos(as) docentes participantes; incentivou e analisou o desenvolvimento de projetos ambientais e a apresentação dos mesmos no I Seminário de Projetos Educativos e Educação Ambiental em Escolas Rurais UFSCar. Através deste estudo pode-se concluir que a efetividade do desenvolvimento da educação ambiental no ambiente escolar depende da formação dos(as) educadores(as) atuantes e das transformações dos conceitos e das práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas, que buscam integrar as práticas educativas, a realidade ambiental e social e a formação socioambiental de alunos(as) e professores(as). E que, a partir destas atividades transformadoras, seja possível integrar os conhecimentos agroecológicos com os conteúdos disciplinares desenvolvidos nos currículos de aprendizagem, buscando ensinar os(as) alunos(as) rurais à trabalharem de forma sustentável, reconhecendo os valores sociais, econômicos e culturais do meio rural.
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Bondon, Anne. "La transformation de Bourges, Colmar et Laval entre 1789 et 1848 : chronique d'un urbanisme ordinaire." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/145514145#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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L'histoire des formes urbaines en France entre 1789 et 1848 forme le thème général de cette recherche. Celle-ci montre que la première moitié du XIXe siècle, encore largement méconnue à cet égard, est décisive pour la mise en place des cadres législatifs et administratifs contemporains et la formation des acteurs de la mutation urbaine, qu'elle est la période de gestation des projets a l'origine des travaux d'envergure amorcés à partir du Second Empire et qu'en outre, les municipalités y ont tenu un rôle important. L'étude des mutations urbaines et de l'évolution des acteurs dans trois préfectures de taille moyenne : Bourges, Colmar et Laval, forme le corps de cette recherche qui s'appuie essentiellement sur la lecture des sources manuscrites. L'analyse porte sur le rôle quotidien des municipalités dans la transformation des villes (paysage et fonction), leur rapport a l'État et aux propriétaires privés dans l'application des procédures, leurs questionnements quant à la législation ou le financement des opérations d'urbanisme, leurs doutes, projets et réalisationsThe general theme of this dissertation is the history of urban forms between 1789 and 1848. It reveals the importance of this under-explored period in the history of French urban planning in which the framework for contemporary legislative and administrative aspects was laid down and the the principle roles of the actors of subsequent urban transformations defined. It is a period in which projects of considerable scope first emerged that would later be realized under the Second Empire or afterwards and, interestingly, in which the municipalities themselves played an important role. The study of urban transformations and the evolution of actor's roles in the three medium-sized "préfectures" of Bourges, Colmar and Laval are examined, essentially through a reading of archival sources. The analysis concerns the everyday role of the municipality in the transformation of those cities' landscapes and functions, its rapports to the state and to private owners in the application of procedures as well as its questions concerning the legislation and financing of urban planning operations, the doubts its actors experienced isodoing and the projects carried out
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Pelaccia, Thierry. "Comment les m??decins urgentologues raisonnent-ils au regard des sp??cificit??s de leur cadre et leur mode d???exercice ?" Thèse, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/126.
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Contexte : malgr?? les particularit??s de l???environnement de pratique de la m??decine d???urgence, il n???existe pas de recherches sp??cifiquement men??es sur la th??matique du raisonnement clinique dans cette sp??cialit??. Nous avons souhait?? mieux comprendre comment les m??decins urgentologues raisonnent dans le cadre de la prise en charge initiale des patients.
M??thode : une posture ??pist??mologique interpr??tative a ??t?? adopt??e ?? travers un devis de recherche qualitatif de type ethnographique. Des entretiens ont ??t?? r??alis??s aupr??s de m??decins urgentologues experts, ?? l???issue de la prise en charge d???un patient r??el. Ces entretiens reposaient notamment sur la visualisation de l???enregistrement vid??o en perspective subjective situ??e, obtenu gr??ce ?? l'usage d'une microcam??ra fix??e sur la tempe ou la branche de lunettes des praticiens.
R??sultats : les hypoth??ses diagnostiques sont g??n??r??es tr??s pr??cocement par les m??decins, parfois m??me avant la rencontre avec le patient, sur la base de la prise en compte d???un nombre tr??s limit?? d???informations, pour certaines contextuelles. Cinq hypoth??ses ??taient en moyenne g??n??r??es lors de la rencontre initiale et au moins une ??tait une hypoth??se de gravit??. Aucune n?????tait formellement ??limin??e ou valid??e sans r??sultats d???examens compl??mentaires. Un jugement pr??coce quant ?? la gravit?? de la situation permettait ??galement aux m??decins d???orienter leurs intentions initiales vers des buts diagnostiques ou th??rapeutiques. Les experts raisonnaient le plus souvent de mani??re intuitive. Ils prenaient en compte les sp??cificit??s de leur environnement professionnel en ??tant, par exemple, vigilants au temps, au caract??re potentiellement ??volutif de l?????tat clinique du malade et au devenir d???aval de celui-ci.
Conclusion : l???identification du raisonnement clinique des m??decins urgentologues offre des perspectives importantes en mati??re de pratique de la m??decine d???urgence, et de formation des r??sidents dans cette discipline. La m??thode originale de recueil des donn??es pourrait en outre ??tre r??exploit??e dans le cadre de travaux ult??rieurs.
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Forster, Hilary Clair. "Beyond the ABC's and 123's the effect of social competence on early academic achievement /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/644690767/viewonline.
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Hevert, Caroline. "Das private Festnahmerecht nach 127 Abs. 1 S. 1 StPO und seine Bedeutung als Rechtfertigungsgrund /." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/499543483hever.PDF.
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Anders, Ines. "Die Geschäftsordnung der Hauptversammlung gemäß [Para] 129 Abs. 1 S. 1 AktG : Chancen statt Risiken? /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz114987793inh.htm.
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Little, Anna. "Du lieu à l'espace : transformations de l'environnement pictural en Italie centrale (XIIIe - XVe s.)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2022/document.
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Cette étude expose le rôle clé que joue la notion de « lieu » dans le développement de l' « espace pictural moderne ». Dans un premier temps, nous établissons que le lieu et le « non-lieu »constituent les deux composants fondamentaux de l'environnement pictural au XIII" siècle et que ces deux composants sont étroitement corrélés aux notions de lieu et de « non-lieu» que véhiculent à l'époque la théologie, la philosophie naturelle, l'art de la mémoire et l'organisation politico-territoriale. Ensuite, nous étudions les causes et les processus qui, au cours des XIV' et XV siècles, conduisent à l'évolution du lieu pictural duecentesque et à l'émergence d'une nouvelle conception de l'image. Cette conception se fonde sur deux niveaux : "un composé de corps matériels; "autre consistant en une structure immatérielle, rectiligne et régulière - structure qui, tout en dérivant directement du lieu pictural, constitue un modèle spéculatif de l'espace réelThis study exposes the key role played by the notion of "place" in the development of "modern pictorial space". We first establish that place and "anti-place" represent the two fundamental components of the thirteenth century pictorial environment and that these components are closely correlated to the notions of place and "anti-place" as they appear in contemporary theology, natural philosophy, mnemonic practices and politico-territorial organisation. We then study the causes and processes which lead the thirteenth century pictorial place to evolve and a new conception of the image to emerge. This new conception is characterised by two levels: onecomposed of material bodies, the other taking the form of an immaterial, rectilinear and regularstructure - structure which, while being identifiable as a direct derivative of pictorial place, isequally identifiable as a speculative model of real space
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Seriu, Naoko. "Faire un soldat : une histoire des hommes à l'épreuve de l'institution militaire (XVIIIe s.)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0026.
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Engagée dans un mouvement de réformes dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle, l'armée française manifeste la volonté de former les soldats. L'analyse sera consacrée d'abord à ce nouveau souci institutionnel qui se repère dans le discours des officiers. Les débats relatifs à la désertion, à la récompense et à l'exercice font émerger une nouvelle ligne de partage entre le déserteur et le soldat dont il faut à la fois rehausser l'estime par le jeu des gratifications et redresser le corps. Lorsqu'un individu s'engage, quelles épreuves affronte-t-il pour se conformer aux normes et s'intégrer dans ce nouvel univers? Les interrogatoires des déserteurs permettent d'analyser la vie militaire du point de vue des individus. La violence hiérarchique, la séparation avec la famille, les conflits avec les camarades sont autant de motifs qui génèrent la souffrance des soldats. Discours sur les soldats, discours des soldats se font écho pour éclairer le fonctionnement de l'institutionEntering into a vast movement of reforms in the second half of the XVIIIth century, the French army demonstrates its willingness to shape soldiers. Our analysis will first focus on this institution's new concern that appears in the opinions of officers. Debates about desertion, rewards or drill pave the way for a new line of separation between deserter and soldier, whose esteem has to be enhanced, and whose body has to be straightened up. When an individual enlists, what trials will he undergo to meet the norms and get accepted in this new worls? The cross-questionings of deserters allow us to analyze military life from the point of view of the individuals. Hierarchical violence, separation from family, conflicts with comrades are as many patterns generating the sufferong of soldiers. Speeches on soldiers, speeches from soldiers are echoing to shed light on the running of the institution
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Arsenio, Evandro Pereira. "DA TERCEIRA REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL À PRODUÇÃO ENXUTA SEU IMPACTO NA INDÚSTRIA DE AUTOPEÇAS CASO: MAHLE METAL LEVE S/A." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2008. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/123.
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Previous issue date: 2008-03-17The present dissertation has the goal to verify the reasons which Metal Leve relinquished share-holder majority to an international competitor and to compare the existent situation in the time of denationalization and the situation in the new controlling company Mahle Metal Leve S.A. in production form and administration, after the reorganization of the productive restructuring. That process of productive internationalization r4sult in modification in the company restructuring of the production and of the administration and occasion a new virtous circle and represent the bases of a new economical growth, with a strategic project of long term, associated to his economical power, managerial capacity and his tradition. The study is based in a group of information about the two moments, focusing the financial results, managerial aspects, leadership, competitive capacity and the evolution to the long of those of the two compared moments. Concluding that not just the phenomenon of the globalization of the international economy turned inevitable the cession of the shareholders capital. But, it also lacked strategic vision to perceive the changes that unavoidably happened his turn. The new controlling Mahler Metal Leve brought a new managerial competence that resulted in increased of productivity and it improved his competitiveness.
A presente dissertação teve como objetivo verificar as razões pelas quais a empresa Metal Leve cedeu o controle acionário a uma empresa concorrente de porte internacional e comparar a situação existente à época da sua desnacionalização e o estágio em que se encontra a nova controladora Mahle Metal Leve S. A. em termos de produção e gestão, após a reorganização produtiva. Esse processo de internacionalização produtiva acarretou modificações na empresa ensejando uma reestruturação da produção e da gestão e um novo círculo vicioso, constituindo as bases de um novo crescimento econômico, com um projeto estratégico de longo prazo, associado ao seu poder econômico, a sua capacidade gerencial e a sua tradição. O estudo está fundamentado em um conjunto de informações sobre os dois momentos, focalizando os resultados financeiros, aspectos gerenciais, liderança, capacidade competitiva e a evolução ao longo desses dois momentos comparados. Concluindo que não apenas o fenômeno da globalização da economia internacional tornou inevitável a cessão do controle acionário. Porém, também faltou visão estratégica para perceber as mudanças que inevitavelmente ocorriam a sua volta e que a nova controladora, a Mahler Metal Leve, trouxe uma competência gerencial que resultou em ganhos de produtividade e melhorou sua competitividade
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Halford, Peter. "Le francais du canada au 18e siecle d'apres le temoignage de pierre-philippe potier s. J." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20025.
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Le missionaire belge pierre-philippe potier s. J. Nota entre 1743 et 1758 plusieurs aspects du parler francais en nouvelle france a la veille de la conquete. Apres avoir presente une esquisse biographique de l'auteur, une description du manuscrit (bibliotheque municipale de montreal, collection gagnon, 447. 9714 p863 fa), une description des versions partielles publiees du manuscrit, et apres avoir donne un apercu des appreciations du manuscrit, nous presentons une version diplomatique du texte. Cette version est suivie d'un regroupement onomasiologique des vocables et d'un index alphabetique des mots et des gloses. Dans la deuxieme partie nous examinons l'orthographe de l'auteur, les aspects phonetiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques releves, les datations nouvelles, le langage familier des jesuites de l'epoque, les emprunts aux langues amerindiennes et les archaismes et regionalismes releves. En appendice nous presentons une esquisse biographique des sources orales citees et une liste des sources ecrites qui y figurent. Une page specimen du manuscrit et quatre cartes completent l'etudeThe belgian missionary pierre-philippe potier s. J. Noted certain aspects of the french language in new france between 1743 and 1758. We present a diplomatic edition of his manuscript (bibliotheque municipale de montreal, collection gagnon, 447. 9714 p863 fa), an alphabetical index of the key words and glosses therein and an onomasiological regrouping of these. This is preceeded by an introduction to the author, the manuscript and the various treatments it has received. A second part contains a detailed analysis of the manuscript: the author's orthography; phonetic, morphological and syntactical aspects; new datations found in the text; the language of jesuit colleagues; amerindian borrowings and, finally, archaisms and regionalisms noted. In addition we present biographical sketches of the oral sources cited and list of written sources which figure in the text. A photocopy of a page of the manuscript and four maps are included
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Bertsch, Christina M. "The ABC's and 123's of children's television programming: An examination of its content and creation." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456682.
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Dampérat, Marie-Hélène. "Support(s)/Surface(s) Peinture Cahiers Théoriques." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040050.
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Dix peintres (Arnal, Bioules, Cane, Devade, Dezeuze, Dolla, Pincemin, Saytour, Valensi, Viallat) et deux sculpteurs (Grand, Pages) sont aujourd'hui considérés comme les douze protagonistes du groupe support(s)/surface(s). Le mouvement, fonde en septembre 1970, s'enracine dans l'effervescence plastique, théorique et politique de la fin des années soixante. Il est marqué du souffle libertaire, des espoirs autogestionnaires et régionalistes de mai 68. Notre étude porte sur les temps historiques du regroupement, depuis sa genèse (1966) jusqu'à l'exposition rétrospective du musée de Saint-Etienne (1974). La création de la revue Peinture Cahiers Théoriques, son engagement idéologique, accélèrera la rupture du groupe, rapidement dispersé entre 1971 et 1973. Nourris des théories structuralistes, marxistes et psychanalytiques, les artistes déconstruisent les éléments constitutifs du tableau. Dans des travaux systématiques, ils déclinent le vocabulaire de la peinture et de la sculpture. Forme à l'avant-garde, support(s)/surface(s) a néanmoins entrepris une relecture de l'histoire de l'art, inspirée des travaux de Tel Quel et de Marcelin Pleynet, réfutant la stérilité du découpage avant-gardiste. Dans le sillage de Tel Quel et au-delà des querelles, Peinture Cahiers Théoriques a su se faire l'écho, jusqu'en 1985, des préoccupations d'une génération d'artistes en quête d'une "peinture-connaissance". Dans le reflux du fait collectif, chacun a pris progressivement en charge sa pratique et son identité, choisissant les voies de la couleur, du métier, de l'expression. Citation, retour au sujet, gout du baroque, certaines tendances des années quatre-vingts trouvent ici, non sans paradoxe, leurs fondementsTen painters, (Arnal, Bioules, Cane, Devade, Dezeuze, Dolla, Pincemin, Saytour, Valensi, Viallat) and two sculptors (Grand, Pages) are now considered as the twelve members of the group support(s)/surface(s). Created in September 1970, the group support(s)/surface(s) reflects the philosophical and political questioning of the post-68 era in France. We have studied here the regrouping history, from the beginning (1966), to the retrospective exhibition of the musée de Saint-Étienne (1974). The review "Peinture Cahiers-Théoriques" highly politicized, and which was to cement the reflection of the group, was eventually the main spring of its dispersal, between 1971 and 1973. Supported by structuralist, marxist and psychoanalytic theories, the artists attempted to dissect the pictorial and sculptural vocabulary through systematic works. Inspired by the review Tel Quel, and Marcelin Pleynet's works, support/surface, the latest avant-garde to be constituted, started to reread the history of art in a way which paradoxically denies the succession of avant gardes movement. Peinture Cahiers Théorique, whose last issue was published in 1985, gradually developed throughout the years, and succeeded in echoing the concerns of a generation of artists, in search of a "knowledge-painting". In the early eighties, each artist decided to lay the emphasis on his own practice and identity, by the means of color, technique and expression. Citation, return to the subject, recurrence of the baroque, some of the eighties tendencies can be found there, in a paradoxical way
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Bianchini, Ligya Hrycylo. "Estado atual dos empreendimentos habitacionais no centro de S?o Paulo (2000 a 2012)." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2014. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/121.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-12Driven by the coffee economy, the center of Sao Paulo city acquired the character of centrality within the first decades of the twentieth century. Initiated the occupation of the central areas by trade and services, the expansion of the city were developed quickly and disordered, with occupancy of flood plains and hillsides, by sub-housing, despised by the population with higher purchasing power, initiating a process of social segregation. On the other hand, the intensity of activity in the cities attracted a population coming from Field, from the opening of new work fronts, in a period that industrial production gained strength. This population, largely formed by immigrants and no buying power to becoming the owner or renting a property near the job, had to resort to tenements as the only way to setting residence in the city. However, from the 1970s, the center began to show a decrease of resident population, thanks to to displacement of the financial activities for new centers, accompanied by the formation of new residential neighborhoods of higher income classes, leaving a large number of empty or underused buildings. In a first moment, the study sought to understand the current state of housing in downtown Sao Paulo, in a broad way, mapping and systematizing data on public and private initiatives aimed at increasing new housing or rehabilitation in downtown (understood as historical center and expanded). Then the study will gain interplay more analytical, order to show whether in fact there is an ongoing housing policy with the prospect of urban regeneration of downtown Sao Paulo. This stage also sought to understand the social reach of these endeavors. For such, has revised to the current literature on the housing issue in central areas and analyzed the nature of the plans, programs and projects proposed in the last ten years in the city of S?o Paulo.
Impulsionado pela economia cafeeira, o centro da cidade de S?o Paulo adquiriu o car?ter de centralidade j? nas primeiras d?cadas do s?culo XX. Iniciada a ocupa??o das ?reas centrais pelo com?rcio e os servi?os, a expans?o da cidade se deu de forma r?pida e desordenada, com a ocupa??o de ?reas de v?rzeas e encostas por sub-habita??es, desprezadas pela popula??o de maior poder aquisitivo, dando in?cio a um processo de segrega??o social. Por outro lado, a intensidade das atividades nas cidades atraiu uma popula??o vinda do campo, a partir da abertura de novas frentes de trabalho, num per?odo em que a produ??o industrial ganhou for?a. Essa popula??o, em grande parte formada por imigrantes e sem poder aquisitivo para se tornar propriet?ria ou alugar um im?vel pr?ximo ao emprego, teve que recorrer aos corti?os como ?nica forma de se fixar na cidade. Por?m, a partir da d?cada de 1970, o centro come?ou a apresentar um decr?scimo de popula??o residente, gra?as ao deslocamento das atividades financeiras para novas centralidades, acompanhado da forma??o de novos bairros residenciais de classes de maior renda, deixando um grande n?mero de edif?cios vazios ou subutilizados. Num primeiro momento, o estudo procurou compreender o estado atual da habita??o no centro de S?o Paulo, de forma ampla, mapeando e sistematizando dados sobre as iniciativas p?blicas e privadas voltadas para o incremento de novas habita??es ou reabilita??es no centro (entendido como centro hist?rico e expandido). Em seguida o estudo ganha um cunho mais anal?tico, visando mostrar se de fato est? em curso uma pol?tica habitacional com a perspectiva de reabilita??o urbana do centro de S?o Paulo. Esta etapa buscou tamb?m compreender o alcance social destes empreendimentos. Para tal, revisou-se a literatura atual sobre a quest?o habitacional em ?reas centrais e analisou-se a natureza dos planos, programas e projetos propostos nos ?ltimos dez anos na cidade de S?o Paulo.
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Arafat, Ousman Bechir. "Conception et réalisation des standards de calibrage pour des dispositifs 3-ports à 120°." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES039/document.
Full textAbstract:
La caractérisation des composants hyperfréquences après leur fabrication, est généralement réalisée par la mesure de paramètres S à l’aide d’un analyseur vectoriel de réseau (VNA). La précision de mesure dépend étroitement de la qualité du calibrage de l’analyseur vectoriel, qui permet de corriger les erreurs inhérentes au système de mesure. Des composants particuliers, dits étalons ou standards, dont les paramètres sont complètement ou partiellement connus, sont mesurés lors de la procédure de calibrage afin de déterminer les erreurs systématiques du système. La réalisation d’un circulateur coplanaire (les trois ports sont à 120 degrés les uns des autres) travaillant autour de 40 GHz est l’un des axes de recherche du laboratoire depuis plusieurs années et la caractérisation des prototypes a toujours été un souci important. Le calibrage est réalisé avec un kit commercial, avec les pointes positionnées en face à face. La mesure des dispositifs CPW à accès orthogonaux ou obliques après un calibrage avec un ensemble de standards conventionnels (droits) peut engendrer des erreurs supplémentaires. L’objectif de notre travail est donc de concevoir un ensemble de standards à accès inclinés à 120 degrés permettant de calibrer l’analyseur vectoriel « 2-ports » en positionnant directement les pointes à 120 degrés. La méthode de calibrage TRL (THRU – REFLECT - LINE) a été choisie. Le travail à accomplir se résume comme suit : - faire une étude de simulation du nouveau kit de calibrage à concevoir ; - mettre en évidence l’effet des accès coudés sur les lignes de transmission des standards ; - proposer une méthode de calcul qui tient compte de ces effets lors de la procédure de calibrage ; - mesurer quelques échantillons réalisés afin de vérifier la validité de la procédure de calibrage proposée. Les résultats obtenus au cours de ce travail ont pu être validés expérimentalement et offrent de nouvelles perspectives pour la mesure des composants planaires à accès non conventionnelsMicrowave components characterization after the fabrication steps is usually performed by measuring S parameters using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The measurement accuracy is highly dependent on the quality of the VNA calibration, which corrects the inherent errors in the measurement system. Specific components, called standards and whose parameters are completely or partially known, are measured during the calibration procedure to determine systematic errors of the system. Fabricating a coplanar circulator (the three ports are at 120 degrees position) functioning around 40 GHz is one of the laboratory’s research areas for several years and characterization of prototypes has always been a major concern. Usually, the calibration is made with a commercial kit ; probes are in face-to-face position. Measurements of CPW devices with orthogonal or bended accesses (120 degrees in our case) after VNA calibration with conventional (straight) set of standards may generate additional errors. The aim of our work is to design a set of standards with 120_ bended accesses allowing the calibration of the “2-ports” network analyzer. Therefore, probes are directly set at 120_ position. TRL (THRU - REFLECT -LINE) calibration procedure is chosen for the standards design. The work to be done is as follows : - to make a simulation study of the new calibration kit to design ; - to determine the bended accesses effects on the standards transmission lines ; - to propose a calculation method that takes account of these effects during the calibration procedure ; - to measure some fabricated samples to verify the validity of the proposed calibration procedure. The results of this research work have been experimentally validated and offer new perspectives for measuring planar components with unconventional accesses