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Journal articles on the topic '120202 Building Science and Techniques'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Khair, Nurhayati, M. Y. Nurul Syakima, Suwaibatul Islamiah Abdullah Sani, Puteri Ameera Mentaza Khan, and Azizah Ismail. "Building Performance Evaluation Techniques." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 4425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11618.

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2

Anderson, Kristine L., and Carl M. Moore. "Group Techniques for Idea Building." Contemporary Sociology 17, no. 3 (May 1988): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2069666.

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3

Kővári, Gábor, and István Kistelegdi Jr. "Building performance simulation modeling techniques." Pollack Periodica 11, no. 2 (August 2016): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2016.11.2.12.

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4

Claudi de Saint Mihiel, Alessandro. "Building envelope: techniques, languages, transparencies." TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, no. 24 (July 26, 2022): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/techne-13448.

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5

Volkovich, Vladimir, Jacob Kogan, and Charles Nicholas. "Building initial partitions through sampling techniques." European Journal of Operational Research 183, no. 3 (December 2007): 1097–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.12.045.

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6

Felton, S., M. Tolley, E. Demaine, D. Rus, and R. Wood. "A method for building self-folding machines." Science 345, no. 6197 (August 7, 2014): 644–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1252610.

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Origami can turn a sheet of paper into complex three-dimensional shapes, and similar folding techniques can produce structures and mechanisms. To demonstrate the application of these techniques to the fabrication of machines, we developed a crawling robot that folds itself. The robot starts as a flat sheet with embedded electronics, and transforms autonomously into a functional machine. To accomplish this, we developed shape-memory composites that fold themselves along embedded hinges. We used these composites to recreate fundamental folded patterns, derived from computational origami, that can be extrapolated to a wide range of geometries and mechanisms. This origami-inspired robot can fold itself in 4 minutes and walk away without human intervention, demonstrating the potential both for complex self-folding machines and autonomous, self-controlled assembly.

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7

Gorman, Patrick, and Nicolas Pappas. "Techniques for building excellent operator machine interfaces (OMI)." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 24, no. 10 (October 2009): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2009.5317781.

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8

Baldwin, Claudia, and Helen Ross. "Bridging Troubled Waters: Applying Consensus-Building Techniques to Water Planning." Society & Natural Resources 25, no. 3 (March 2012): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2011.578120.

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9

Rabenstein, R. "Application of model reduction techniques to building energy simulation." Solar Energy 53, no. 3 (September 1994): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(94)90635-1.

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10

Cutting-Decelle, A. F., B. P. Das, R. I. Young, K. Case, S. Rahimifard, C. J. Anumba, and N. M. Bouchlaghem. "Building supply chain communication systems: a review of methods and techniques." Data Science Journal 5 (2006): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2481/dsj.5.29.

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11

Wildan Nuril Ahmad Fauzi. "CHARACTER BUILDING THROUGH SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS." Sunan Kalijaga International Journal on Islamic Educational Research 4, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/skijier.2020.42.06.

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Ips learning has a role to play in fostering citizens in building the character of the nation. Character is a set of values that have become a habit of life so that it becomes a fixed trait in a person. this method of writing uses library research using a philosophical approach (reviewing children's education policy from a family perspective). Data collection techniques used in articles are documentation techniques that collect data material in the form of sources of books in the library, articles related to writings related to research, and collected and collected and insticronized and associated with the object of study. Research results In an effort to character-building learners in schools through social studies learning at least includes 4 things that must be done, namely curriculum, materials, teachers, and learning process. The curriculum in schools must be able to develop knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, and morals. Ips material is prepared and designed to introduce concepts related to people's lives and develop knowledge, understanding, and ability to social conditions in society.

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12

Chen, Z. "Building Footprint Simplification Techniques and Their Effects on Radio Propagation Predictions." Computer Journal 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/47.1.103.

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13

Fink, Dan. "Lessons Learned: Green Building Design Techniques for Off-Grid Locations." Journal of Green Building 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.5.3.16.

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14

Hindman, Matthew. "Building Better Models." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 659, no. 1 (April 9, 2015): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215570279.

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Analytic techniques developed for big data have much broader applications in the social sciences, outperforming standard regression models even—or rather especially—in smaller datasets. This article offers an overview of machine learning methods well-suited to social science problems, including decision trees, dimension reduction methods, nearest neighbor algorithms, support vector models, and penalized regression. In addition to novel algorithms, machine learning places great emphasis on model checking (through holdout samples and cross-validation) and model shrinkage (adjusting predictions toward the mean to reduce overfitting). This article advocates replacing typical regression analyses with two different sorts of models used in concert. A multi-algorithm ensemble approach should be used to determine the noise floor of a given dataset, while simpler methods such as penalized regression or decision trees should be used for theory building and hypothesis testing.

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15

Chen, Yu-min, Han-long Liu, and Ze Chen. "Working mechanism and numerical simulation of assembly coastal building techniques." Journal of Central South University of Technology 15, S2 (December 2008): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-008-0455-3.

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16

Valarakos, Alexandros G., Vangelis Karkaletsis, Dimitra Alexopoulou, Elsa Papadimitriou, Constantine D. Spyropoulos, and George Vouros. "Building an allergens ontology and maintaining it using machine learning techniques." Computers in Biology and Medicine 36, no. 10 (October 2006): 1155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2005.09.007.

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17

Rivlin, Alice M. "Conflict resolution, alternative dispute techniques, and modes of consensus building." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 27, no. 3 (2008): 676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20347.

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18

Borowski, Marek, and Klaudia Zwolińska. "Prediction of Cooling Energy Consumption in Hotel Building Using Machine Learning Techniques." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 6226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236226.

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The diversification of energy sources in buildings and the interdependence as well as communication between HVAC installations in the building have resulted in the growing interest in energy load prediction systems that enable proper management of energy resources. In addition, energy storage and the creation of energy buffers are also important in terms of proper resource management, for which it is necessary to correctly determine energy consumption over time. It is obvious that the consumption of cooling energy depends on meteorological conditions. Knowing the parameters of the outside air and the number of users, it is, therefore, possible to determine the hourly energy consumption of a cooling system in a building with some accuracy. The article presents models of cooling energy prediction in summer for a hotel building in southern Poland. The paper presents two methods that are often used for energy prediction: neural networks and support vector machines. Meteorological data, time data, and occupancy level were used as input parameters. Based on the collected input and output data, various configurations were tested to identify the model with the best accuracy. As the analysis showed, higher prediction accuracy was obtained thanks to the use of neural networks. The best of the proposed models was characterized by the WAPE and CV coefficients of 19.93% and 27.03%, respectively.

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19

Agustí-Juan, Isolda, Andrei Jipa, and Guillaume Habert. "Environmental assessment of multi-functional building elements constructed with digital fabrication techniques." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 24, no. 6 (November 23, 2018): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-018-1563-4.

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20

Farouk Mohamed, Abdelaziz. "Comparative study of traditional and modern building techniques in Siwa Oasis, Egypt." Case Studies in Construction Materials 12 (June 2020): e00311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00311.

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21

Wang, Junsong, Bao-Jie He, Hao Wang, and Mat Santamouris. "Towards higher quality green building agenda – An overview of the application of green building techniques in China." Solar Energy 193 (November 2019): 473–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.09.089.

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22

Bridgewater, C., and B. L. Atkin. "Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Component‐Based Modular Building Design." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 8, no. 4 (October 1994): 469–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1994)8:4(469).

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23

Kang, J. H. "Single flux quantum signal transmission techniques in building practical RSFQ circuits." Cryogenics 43, no. 10-11 (October 2003): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-2275(03)00160-7.

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24

ELKarazle, Khaled, Valliappan Raman, and Patrick Then. "Facial Age Estimation Using Machine Learning Techniques: An Overview." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, no. 4 (October 26, 2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6040128.

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Automatic age estimation from facial images is an exciting machine learning topic that has attracted researchers’ attention over the past several years. Numerous human–computer interaction applications, such as targeted marketing, content access control, or soft-biometrics systems, employ age estimation models to carry out secondary tasks such as user filtering or identification. Despite the vast array of applications that could benefit from automatic age estimation, building an automatic age estimation system comes with issues such as data disparity, the unique ageing pattern of each individual, and facial photo quality. This paper provides a survey on the standard methods of building automatic age estimation models, the benchmark datasets for building these models, and some of the latest proposed pieces of literature that introduce new age estimation methods. Finally, we present and discuss the standard evaluation metrics used to assess age estimation models. In addition to the survey, we discuss the identified gaps in the reviewed literature and present recommendations for future research.

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25

Fais, S., and G. Casula. "Application of acoustic techniques in the evaluation of heterogeneous building materials." NDT & E International 43, no. 2 (March 2010): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2009.10.004.

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26

Ma, Z., D. Zhao, C. She, Y. Yang, and R. Yang. "Personal thermal management techniques for thermal comfort and building energy saving." Materials Today Physics 20 (September 2021): 100465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2021.100465.

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27

Demmers, T. G. M., L. R. Burgess, V. R. Phillips, J. A. Clark, and C. M. Wathes. "Assessment of Techniques for Measuring the Ventilation Rate, using an Experimental Building Section." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 76, no. 1 (May 2000): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.2000.0532.

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28

Feiglstorfer, Hubert, and Franz Ottner. "The Impact of Clay Minerals on the Building Technology of Vernacular Earthen Architecture in Eastern Austria." Heritage 5, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 378–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5010022.

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The vernacular architecture in many regions in Eastern Austria was characterized by the use of unfired clay, at least until the 19th century, and in some areas until the 20th century. Farmhouses and associated farm buildings, such as storage buildings or press houses for the production of wine and cider, were erected using different earth construction techniques. The study area stretches from the Weinviertel, a region located in the province of Lower Austria in the north-east of Austria, to the Burgenland, a region located in the south-east of Austria, which belonged to Western Hungary until 1921. From a geological point of view, in the east of Austria—in the Vienna Basin and the Molasse Zone—huge areas of Tertiary clay are covered with loess deposits, which is the best-known basic material used in local earth-building traditions. A core question in the research on vernacular earthen heritage focuses on the impact of the geological conditions in Eastern Austria on the local earth-building techniques. The mineralogical composition of the different clays had an impact on the local building techniques. From a material-culture point of view, research on the relationship between the mineralogical properties of clay resources and local building techniques sheds light on the factors which influenced the evolution of certain vernacular building features. Tertiary clays and loess from the Pleistocene favoured the making of earth lumps, cob walls and adobe bricks over the whole Eastern Austrian region. Contrarily, regions in Burgenland with a high amount of gravel preferred, by tradition, to make walls by ramming. The clay mineral smectite acts as a binding agent in earth-building techniques over the whole investigated region—Weinviertel, Burgenland and Western Hungary.

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29

Chakraborty, Debaditya, and Hazem Elzarka. "Advanced machine learning techniques for building performance simulation: a comparative analysis." Journal of Building Performance Simulation 12, no. 2 (July 21, 2018): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2018.1498538.

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30

Sajeev, G. P., and M. P. Sebastian. "Building semi-intelligent web cache systems with lightweight machine learning techniques." Computers & Electrical Engineering 39, no. 4 (May 2013): 1174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2013.02.005.

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31

Welton, R. G., M. Ribas Silva, C. Gaylarde, L. K. Herrera, X. Anleo, N. De Belie, and S. Modrý. "Techniques applied to the study of microbial impact on building materials." Materials and Structures 38, no. 10 (December 2005): 883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02482255.

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32

Pahz, James A. "Building Families through Intercountry Adoption." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 8, no. 1 (April 1987): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/la19-py1p-2j7n-rhgn.

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In the United States today, one in six couples face the problem of infertility. Although advanced medical techniques will be able to help about half of those couples, the remainder will stay childless. For those adults who desire the parenting experience, adoption is an important solution. Since healthy, adoptable infants are increasingly difficult to find in the United States, parents wanting to adopt are looking elsewhere. Intercountry adoption offers a solution to the problem of not being able to find healthy infants for adoption. Adopting from a foreign country is an option which is being selected by more and more Americans who wish to add to their family.

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33

Sicilia, Isabel, Sofía Aparicio, Margarita González, José Javier Anaya, and Borja Frutos. "Radon Transport, Accumulation Patterns, and Mitigation Techniques Applied to Closed Spaces." Atmosphere 13, no. 10 (October 16, 2022): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101692.

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In this study, different techniques for the mitigation of radon gas in indoor spaces were investigated. For this purpose, two different scenarios of a public building were analyzed: two symmetrical facility galleries and a reverberation chamber. Although most workplaces in this building have low radon levels, the complex structure houses spaces have very high radon concentrations. The study also included the surrounding areas of these spaces. The radon concentration and differential pressures were measured, and different mitigation techniques were applied: sealing, balanced ventilation, pressurization with the introduction of fresh air, and depressurization over each space. The pressurization solution was proven to be the most effective way to reduce radon concentration in both scenarios. The introduction of fresh air diluted the radon concentration, and the slight increase in the pressure reduced the entry of gas by the advection mechanism. On the other hand, the depressurization technique was the least effective mitigation technique, as it generated a negative pressure gradient that facilitated a higher radon flux from the source. Therefore, before applying any mitigation technique, it is necessary not only to study the space to be remediated but also the possible impact on neighboring spaces.

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M. Hassoon, Israa. "Fish Species Identification Techniques: A Review." Al-Nahrain Journal of Science 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/anjs.25.2.08.

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Fish species identification process is still problematical and time consuming, so automated fish identification is important. The performance of various fish identification techniques is compared depending on pre-processing, number of significant characteristics and identification correctness. The reason for writing this review stems from the importance of fish for humans as food and as a wealth which support the economy of countries. Therefore, it is necessary to shed light on fish and how to distinguish the beneficial and harmful ones, discover and identify fish diseases, and so on, which contributes in building a knowledge base available to all. The aim of this paper is present a review on various fish species identification techniques; pre-processing operations, features extraction methods, recognition/classification techniques and databases. This review will be helpful for beginner researchers, it can be used as a starting point for new fish species identification approaches.

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35

Saha, Rony. "On Developing Techniques for Sharing Satellite Spectrum with Indoor Small Cells in 5G." Energies 13, no. 3 (February 8, 2020): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030748.

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In this paper, we present two spectrum sharing techniques for a multisystem, incorporating an integrated satellite-mobile system and an autonomous terrestrial-mobile system (iSMS/aTMS), namely orthogonal spectrum sharing (OSS) and non-orthogonal spectrum sharing (nOSS) techniques. aTMS consists of numerous small cells deployed in several buildings, and iSMS consists of a satellite station integrated with complementary ground component (CGC) stations deployed within buildings. By exploiting the high external wall penetration loss of a building, the iSMS spectrum is shared with small cells per building in OSS, and small cells per 3-dimensional (3D) cluster per building in nOSS. An interference management scheme, to avoid interference in apartments with collocated CGC stations and small cells, was developed and an optimal number of almost blank subframes (ABSs) per ABS pattern period (APP) was defined. System-level capacity, spectral efficiency, and energy efficiency performance metrics were derived. Furthermore, we present an algorithm for both OSS and nOSS techniques. With extensive simulation and numerical analysis, it is shown that the proposed nOSS significantly outperforms OSS in terms of spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, and both techniques can meet the expected spectral efficiency and energy efficiency requirements for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks.

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36

Cosarinsky, Marcela I., Daniela Römer, and Flavio Roces. "Nest Turrets of Acromyrmex Grass-Cutting Ants: Micromorphology Reveals Building Techniques and Construction Dynamics." Insects 11, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020140.

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Acromyrmex fracticornis grass-cutting ants construct conspicuous chimney-shaped nest turrets made of intermeshed grass fragments. We asked whether turrets are constructed by merely piling up nearby materials around the entrance, or whether ants incorporate different materials as the turret develops. By removing the original nest turrets and following their rebuilding process over three consecutive days, age-dependent changes in wall morphology and inner lining fabrics were characterized. Micromorphological descriptions based on thin sections of turret walls revealed the building behaviors involved. Ants started by collecting nearby twigs and dry grass fragments that are piled up around the nest entrance. Several large fragments held the structure like beams. As a net-like structure grew, soil pellets were placed in between the intermeshed plant fragments from the turret base to the top, reinforcing the structure. Concomitantly, the turret inner wall was lined with soil pellets, starting from the base. Therefore, the consolidation of the turret occurred both over time and from its base upwards. It is argued that nest turrets do not simply arise by the arbitrary deposition of nearby materials, and that workers selectively incorporate large materials at the beginning, and respond to the developing structure by reinforcing the intermeshed plant fragments over time.

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37

Temesgen, Tatek, Mooyoung Han, Hyunju Park, and Tschung-il Kim. "Design and technical evaluation of improved rainwater harvesting system on a university building in Ethiopia." Water Supply 15, no. 6 (June 20, 2015): 1220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.085.

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Rainwater harvesting (RWH) has been practiced in Ethiopia since ancient times, but it has shown little development, because of inefficient techniques. Most efforts to capture rainwater did not show significant results owing to poor design and implementation resulted from slow technical development. This paper details design improvements tested on a demonstration site as well as an analysis of operational parameters. Similar, rainwater quality improvement techniques applied for the system are also discussed. Various scenarios were studied relating design and operating parameters for replicability and decision-making before construction stage. Common components of existing RWH systems in Ethiopia are discussed and contrasted with the implemented demonstration RWH system. Moreover, particle separation theory and techniques are introduced as quality improvement techniques. Results of the analysis also suggest a possibility of satisfying building demand by utilizing the installed system and it also shows the potential of RWH in Ethiopia as an alternative water source.

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38

Sumanasekara, S. A. S. L., and C. Jayasinghe. "ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY." Journal of Green Building 13, no. 4 (September 2018): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.13.4.19.

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Most of the time people stay in confined environments and thus are highly exposed to accumulated indoor pollutants. Indoor environmental pollution has been identified as one of the most prevalent causes for health problems, such as sick building syndrome. These health problems have been magnified with the introduction of energy efficient building concepts, coupled with limited fresh air supply, which has compromised the effective means of air purification. Further, the frequent use of chemical substances for numerous purposes contributes to indoor air pollution. Therefore, investigation of alternative techniques to improve indoor environmental quality has been extensively studied in the last two decades. In Sri Lanka, there is a potential for studying indigenous techniques to improve indoor air quality. However, verification of such techniques and quantification of their impacts has not been given much attention. The research focus of this paper is to identify those material substances that can be used to absorb pollutants and lessen their harmful impacts and thereby improve air purification. A chamber study was used to quantify air purification using different material substances and considering the following parameters: total volatile organic compound (TVOC) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) levels. Further, the results obtained in the chamber study were assessed for its projection to real applications by comparison with a study conducted in an actual indoor space. The outcome of the study has revealed that the indigenous knowledge of Sri Lanka can be used to improve indoor air quality.

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39

Xu, Yong, and Ji Chao Zhang. "Research and Application of Energy-Saving Design Technologies in Science Center Building." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 2342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.2342.

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According to the target of a science center building, some energy-saving technologies and relevant principles phases in architectural planning and design phase, architectural design and construction phase, and so on. With the requirements of energy-saving technologies and an environmental protection technology, some successful experience of Guangdong science center which named as the largest science center building of current China discussed. As a result, the energy-saving science center building design methods came into being, which includes natural ventilation techniques of central yard, optimization technology of enclosed structure, photoelectric curtain wall technology and solar power and so on.

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40

Gong, Tao, Jia Jia Zhou, and Lei Qi. "Intelligent Techniques in Teaching Science of Artificial Immune System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 48-49 (February 2011): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.48-49.637.

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Building on three theoretical paradigms (student model, ICAI model, and multi-dimension education immune agent), some intelligent techniques are proposed and designed to teach Fuzzy Mathematics and Science of Artificial Immune System in a web-based way. The goal of the teaching methodology is a new learning, which is interactive, sharing, open, cooperative, and autonomous. The great difference between traditional approaches for teaching such knowledge and the new approach in this paper is the centre of teaching. The traditional teaching is centered with teachers but the new teaching is centered with students. The teaching system for Fuzzy Mathematics and Science of Artificial Immune System is a virtual classroom based on the web, and the two courses are designed as web-based courses. Moreover, for Science of Artificial Immune System, the web-based course system is a typical artificial immune system in fact, and students can learn more real knowledge from the web-based course immune system.

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41

Younes, Chadi, Caesar Abi Shdid, and Girma Bitsuamlak. "Air infiltration through building envelopes: A review." Journal of Building Physics 35, no. 3 (October 24, 2011): 267–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259111423085.

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Air leakage through the building envelope into the building interiors has a considerable impact on the energy loads and consequently energy demand and energy costs of buildings. This phenomenon known as infiltration happens through various openings and venues in the building envelope varying from large openings such as doors and windows to minute cracks and crevices. In addition to impacting building energy loads, infiltration impacts indoor air quality and can result in moisture accumulation problems in the building envelope. A generalized review of infiltration that includes evaluation techniques and models, quantification, and interaction with other heat transfer phenomena is presented in this article.

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42

Seid, Salahadin, and Pooja. "Road Accident Data Analysis: Data Preprocessing for Better Model Building." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 4019–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8288.

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In this study we focused on the relationship between preprocessing and model accuracy. The performance of the Machine learning techniques depends on the quality of the data set. Preprocessing is not only advantageous but it is very necessary and a preliminary work in predicting model. As a result, experiments discovered that preprocessed techniques increased performance for model building. To see the performance preprocessing support vector machine is applied before preprocessing and after preprocessing. Its model accuracy increased from 68.7% to 88.5%.

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43

Feder, Judy, and Astrid E. Merget. "Discussion report: Conflict resolution, alternative dispute techniques, and modes of consensus building." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 27, no. 3 (2008): 683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20348.

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44

Lin, Xiaoping, Peiyong Duan, Yuanjie Zheng, Wenjian Cai, and Xin Zhang. "Posting Techniques in Indoor Environments Based on Deep Learning for Intelligent Building Lighting System." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 13674–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2959667.

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45

Cordeiro-Costas, Moisés, Daniel Villanueva, and Pablo Eguía-Oller. "Optimization of the Electrical Demand of an Existing Building with Storage Management through Machine Learning Techniques." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 29, 2021): 7991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177991.

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Accurate prediction from electricity demand models is helpful in controlling and optimizing building energy performance. The application of machine learning techniques to adjust the electrical consumption of buildings has been a growing trend in recent years. Battery management systems through the machine learning models allow a control of the supply, adapting the building demand to the possible changes that take place during the day, increasing the users’ comfort, and ensuring greenhouse gas emission reduction and an economic benefit. Thus, an intelligent system that defines whether the storage system should be charged according to the electrical needs of that moment and the prediction of the subsequent periods of time is defined. Favoring consumption in the building in periods when energy prices are cheaper or the renewable origin is preferable. The aim of this study was to obtain a building electrical energy demand model in order to be combined with storage devices with the purpose of reducing electricity expenses. Specifically, multilayer perceptron neural network models were applied, and the battery usage optimization is obtained through mathematical modelling. This approach was applied to a public office building located in Bangkok, Thailand.

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Di Sabatino, Silvana, Laura S. Leo, Rosella Cataldo, Carlo Ratti, and Rex E. Britter. "Construction of Digital Elevation Models for a Southern European City and a Comparative Morphological Analysis with Respect to Northern European and North American Cities." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 1377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2117.1.

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Abstract A morphometric analysis of a southern European city and the derivation of relevant fluid dynamical parameters for use in urban flow and dispersion models are explained in this paper. Calculated parameters are compared with building statistics that have already been computed for parts of three northern European and two North American cities. The aim of this comparison is to identify similarities and differences between several building configurations and city types, such as building packing density, compact versus sprawling neighborhoods, regular versus irregular street orientation, etc. A novel aspect of this work is the derivation and use of digital elevation models (DEMs) for parts of a southern European city. Another novel aspect is the DEMs’ construction methodology, which is low cost, low tech, and of simple implementation. Several building morphological parameters are calculated from the urban DEMs using image processing techniques. The correctness and robustness of these techniques have been verified through a series of sensitivity tests performed on both idealized building configurations, as well as on real case DEMs, which were derived using the methodology here. In addition, the planar and frontal area indices were calculated as a function of elevation. It is argued that those indices, estimated for neighborhoods of real cities, may be used instead of the detailed building geometry within urban canopy models as those indices together synthesize the geometric features of a city. The direct application of these results will facilitate the development of fast urban flow and dispersion models.

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CHOUDHURY, I. A., and M. A. EL-BARADIE. "Analysis of model building techniques for the development of machinability database systems." International Journal of Production Research 34, no. 5 (May 1996): 1261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207549608904964.

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Guy, Bradley. "The Optimization of Building Deconstruction for Department of Defense Facilities: Ft. McClellan Deconstruction Project." Journal of Green Building 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.1.1.102.

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Deconstruction is the selective dismantling of building structures to recover the maximum amount of primarily reusable and secondarily recyclable materials in a safe and cost-effective manner. Deconstruction is a labor intensive process and can be difficult to achieve in a time-efficient and economical manner for light wood-framed buildings. Deconstruction techniques that balance hand and mechanical labor must be developed to maintain the integrity of materials for reuse and obtain maximum salvage value per unit of cost and time-on-site. This project entailed the removal of three identical WWII-era two-story wood-framed barracks buildings at Ft. McClellan Army Base, Anniston, AL, using hand deconstruction, combined mechanical and hand deconstruction techniques, and a traditional demolition method, i.e., mechanical reduction and disposal, in order to determine “optimal” deconstruction techniques based on salvage value per unit of cost. The maximum practical materials salvage from the study buildings using 100% hand deconstruction techniques was 39% of the mass by weight. A combination of hand and mechanical techniques was discovered to have approximately the same economic efficiency as 100% hand deconstruction, measured as a ratio of gross cost per salvage value, with a 44.6% reduction in total labor-hours, and a reduction of only 7% of salvage materials by weight. These findings indicate the potential for greatly increasing wood-framed building deconstruction practice relative to the additional time-on-site and labor that is required, compared to demolition, while optimizing economic benefits. This paper describes the research methods and deconstruction techniques employed, and lessons learned to advance the practice of deconstruction to be more economically competitive and time-efficient.

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ARI, Ahmet Cihat. "YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ." IEDSR Association 6, no. 11 (February 24, 2021): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.46872/pj.242.

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With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

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Farella, Elisa Mariarosaria, Emre Özdemir, and Fabio Remondino. "4D Building Reconstruction with Machine Learning and Historical Maps." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041445.

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The increasing importance of three-dimensional (3D) city modelling is linked to these data’s different applications and advantages in many domains. Images and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data availability are now an evident and unavoidable prerequisite, not always verified for past scenarios. Indeed, historical maps are often the only source of information when dealing with historical scenarios or multi-temporal (4D) digital representations. The paper presents a methodology to derive 4D building models in the level of detail 1 (LoD1), inferring missing height information through machine learning techniques. The aim is to realise 4D LoD1 buildings for geospatial analyses and visualisation, valorising historical data, and urban studies. Several machine learning regression techniques are analysed and employed for deriving missing height data from digitised multi-temporal maps. The implemented method relies on geometric, neighbours, and categorical attributes for height prediction. Derived elevation data are then used for 4D building reconstructions, offering multi-temporal versions of the considered urban scenarios. Various evaluation metrics are also presented for tackling the common issue of lack of ground-truth information within historical data.

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