Journal articles on the topic '110 kV electrical network'
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1
Zakharov, Sergei, Dmitriy Kudryashov, Viktor Brodt, Ivan Pascar, and Vyacheslav Voronin. "Analysis of Accidents in 6-110 KV Electric Networks of Kuzbass Power System." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184103015.
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Power system of the Kemerovo region is unique in terms of the number of hazardous production facilities (coal mines, coal pit). To ensure trouble-free operation of hazardous production facilities and the normal operation of other consumers, it is necessary to ensure reliable operation of regional electrical grid networks. Based on reports on technological disruptions in electric networks of the Kemerovo region in 2015, performed analysis of accidents in 6-110 kV electric networks of Kuzbass power system. The statistics of the technological disruptions in terms of voltage classes, damaged elements, causes of occurrence, time to recovery and the number of outages of household consumer, are given. Conclusions were drawn about the high level of accident rate in 6-10 kV electrical network.
2
Buyakova, Natalia V., Andrey V. Kryukov, Dmitriy A. Seredkin, and Le Van Thao. "Simulation of Electromagnetic Fields Occurring at Intersection of Traction Networks and Multicircuit Power Lines." E3S Web of Conferences 209 (2020): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020907002.
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Traction networks (TN) 25 kV generate higher electromagnetic fields (EMF) with frequency 50 Hz, whose strengths at a standardized height of 1.8 m, as a rule, do not exceed the permissible norms for electrical personnel. In places where railroads routes intersect with high voltage overhead power supply lines (OPL), interference of fields, generated by the traction network and OPL, occurs. This can lead to an increase in strengths and a complication of the EMF spatial structures. The article presents simulation results performed for a complex intersection, while 25 or 2 х 25 kV TN is crossed by a three-circuit 110-220 kV overhead power line at 90 degrees angle. Fazonord software application was used for simulating EMF strengths in points of traction networks and OPL intersection. Based on modeling results the following conclusions have been made: at intersection points of 1х25 kV traction network with a three-chain 110 - 220 kV power transmission line, the electrical field strength does not exceed the value acceptable for electrical personnel and reaches 4.2 kV/m; at the intersection with 2 х 25 kV traction network, this parameter decreases to 2.7 kV/m; the maximum amplitude of the magnetic field at the intersection points increases slightly.
3
Galstyan, Razmik, Vladimir Khlebnikov, and Nicholas Tsygulev. "Optimization of Radial Electric Network 110 kV." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 63, no. 4 (2020): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2020-4-51-55.
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TIUTIUNNYK, N., and G. SHEINA. "Analysis of voltage regulation devices." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 23, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-2-44-47.
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The paper considers an electrical substation with a voltage of 330/110/35 kV. Means of voltage regulation on the substation autotransformer are investigated. The paper considers the means of voltage regulation on autotransformers of the 330/110/35 kV substation to ensure uninterrupted power supply and the desired voltage level on the busbars of consumers. The choice of the optimal version of the on-load tap-changer of the autotransformer is shown. The electric network with voltage of 110 and 35 kV is considered. The power supply center is substation 330 kV. The connection between voltages is provided by three three-phase autotransformers of the ATDCTN200000/330/110 type. Autotransformers are used instead of three-winding transformers to reduce the cost of conductive material and increase transmission power, but unlike three-winding transformers, they have only one voltage control device - load control regulation. Steady-state and emergency modes are investigated. The PowerFactory program has created a network model, which is used to calculate the mode and evaluate the methods of voltage regulation. On the basis of calculations the point of economic flow distribution in which it is expedient to open a network in a normal mode, and on the switch to provide the device of automatic input of a reserve is defined. The principles of control of modes of operation of electrical systems are investigated: minimum costs for generation, transmission and consumption of electricity (technological losses), reliability of operation of electrical systems, quality of electricity. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the optimal operational scheme of the electrical network, the study of the modes of operation of the 330/110/35 kV network. The simulation of steady and emergency modes is performed in the work. The optimal operational scheme of the electric network is substantiated in order to improve the reliability of power supply and ensure the desired level of voltage on the busbars of consumers.
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Shaqiri, Rexhep. "Reducing the Losses in the Electrical Power System of Kosovo by Implementation of New Type of Transformers in the Power Distribution System." Materials Science Forum 856 (May 2016): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.856.331.
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This paper contains a strategy to minimize the power losses in the electrical distribution network of Kosovo. In order to develop the strategy, a model was constructed to simulate an electrical distribution network, and different parameters were included that helped in estimation of the technical power losses in the medium voltage (MV) distribution network. The main objective of this paper is to present approach to minimize technical and non-technical losses in power systems. The analysis of the Kosovo electric power system was performed by means of PSS/E 3.3 software. The results indicate options for reduction of the loses by replacement of old type of transformers and preparation of the MV system for upgrade and change the voltage level from 10 kV to 20 kV. As a first step new 110/10kV transformers can be installed, designed to be reconnected in the future to 110/20kV.
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Golikov, I. O., A. V. Vinogradov, V. E. Bolshev, A. V. Vinogradova, M. Jasinski, and R. R. Gibadullin. "Structure of many-level adaptive automatic voltage regulation system." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801068.
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This article describes the features of voltage regulation in electrical networks of 35, 110, 220 kV. The structural diagram of the 35/10/0.4 kV network is presented. The paper also describes the adaptive automatic voltage regulation system which allows regulating the voltage taking into account the actual voltage values at the consumers’ inputs. The structural diagram of the adaptive automatic voltage regulation system in the 0.4 kV electrical network using a boost transformer as an additional means of voltage regulation is given. The system is based on voltage sensors installed in different parts of an eletcrical network sending information on voltage values to to the processing unit which generates a signal for voltage regulating supplied to the executive device and the working body whuch, in turn, change the on-load tap-changer position of a transformer. The paper justifies the need for the enhancement of the adaptive automatic voltage regulation system for different voltage classes wich allows controlling a voltage change at different power supply system levels and regulating voltage level in accordance with this change. For this problem the multi-level adaptive automatic voltage regulation systemis proposed. The system allows regulating the voltage not only in the 0.4 kV network but also in networks of higher voltage classes. The proposed system can be integrated into the structure of intelligent electrical networks.
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Druml, Gernot, Georg Achleitner, Wolfgang Leitner, and Lothar Fickert. "New single-ended earthfault distance estimation for the 110-kV- and 20-kV-compensated network." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 135, no. 8 (November 29, 2018): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0663-y.
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Nikitina, Valentina N., N. I. Kalinina, G. G. Lyashko, and V. P. Plekhanov. "STUDY OF 50 HZ ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS AND EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF THE POPULATION HEALTH STATUS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 6 (October 28, 2019): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-665-670.
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Introduction. The real electromagnetic situation in a residential area in the process of power supply network operation and health status assessment of population living in the vicinity of overhead transmission lines (OTL) of various voltages and transformer substations (TS) are of current interest. The effect of 50 Hz electric fields (EF) and magnetic fields (MF) on human health has not been sufficiently studied. Material and Methods. Measurement and assessment of 50 Hz EF and MF levels generated by 35, 110 and 220 kV OTL and by 6 kinds of closed-type transformer substations were carried out. Chronic overstrain index was used to assess population health status. Questionnaire study data among residents in the vicinity of 110-220 kV OTL were used for calculation of chronic overstrain index. Results. Closed-type transformer plants don’t generate EMF or exceed 50 Hz EF or MF health standards (HS). Electric field intensity levels exceeding HS were registered under 110 and 220 kV OTL. EMF health standards were not exceeded at a distance of 2 m from 110 kV OTL and 10 m from 220 kV OTL. Magnetic field induction levels did not exceed maximum allowable levels. Significant levels of chronic overstrain were revealed in residents living at a distance of under 300 m from 110-220 kV OTL. Conclusions. Closed-type transformer substations do not generate 50-Hz EMF exceeding health standards. Compliance with the electrical safety requirements of overhead transmission lines (overhead line safety zones) provides compliance with the maximum allowable levels of 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields. Population health risk assessment study among the population in the vicinity of OTL is relevant.
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Yurov, Alexander, Alexander Voronov, Alexey Lukonin, and Vasiliy Yurov. "High-voltage smart electricity metering of 110 kV digital electric networks." E3S Web of Conferences 279 (2021): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127901029.
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Were considered the technical solutions sufficient for the development of smart systems for automatic information and measurement metering of electrical energy and monitoring of overhead power transmission lines of the 110-220 kV electrical grids, considering the integration of the data flow into Scada-systems of digital substation workplaces in all the accordance with the standard protocols of IEC 61850. The device allows you to control the quality of transmitted electricity, remotely monitor the condition of the line, thereby increasing the reliability of power supply and power flows in the power system, reducing the cost of operational teams for their inspection.
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Ushakov, Vladislav, and Anton Kucyy. "LOWERING OF ASYMMETRY IN ELECTRICAL NETWORKS, FEEDING TRACTIVE SUBSTATIONS." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-167-168.
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The efficiency of use of the balancing device executed on FACTS technology for
reduction of asymmetry in electrical networks of 110-220 kV feeding tractive substations of the trunk
railroads is shown.
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Buslov, Viktor V., and Nailia Sh Chemborisova. "The Static Characteristics of Modern Load Types and Their Influence on the Electric Network Operating Modes." Vestnik MEI 2, no. 2 (2021): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-2-20-28.
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One of the main aims pursued in conducting a power system operating mode is to maintain the normal voltage level at the control points of the power system and at its consumers. The voltage operation parameters in the electric network must meet the requirements of Russian State Standard (GOST) 32144‑2013 in regard of permissible voltage deviations for electric energy consumers who are powered from this network. In addition, it is desirable for the consumer to have an optimal voltage level at which the costs for producing a unit of goods are kept to a minimum. Each load is characterized by different active power consumption and reactive power absorption as a function of voltage, which leads to changes in the network operating parameters. Thus, in studying the electric power system operating modes, it is necessary to take into account the load static voltage characteristics. In this study, the electrical regimes were numerically analyzed (using the RastrWin3 software package), the Jacobi matrix was calculated, and the resulting data array was approximated using the Gauss, Cramer, and numerical methods. The distribution of power consumption in an individual house/apartment is determined; modern equations for the static characteristics of domestic loads for an individual house/apartment and for load nodes belonging to the 6-20 kV and 110-220 kV voltage classes are derived, and standardized node sensornet lists for different electrical networks are calculated. The study results can be used in designing modern electrical networks, in optimizing the network operating modes, and in settling operational dispatch control matters. It has been proven based on the results from comparing the obtained equations of static load characteristics with the typical ones that the introduction of energy saving technologies and the use of modern types of electrical appliances generate the need to change the typical static load characteristics. The necessity of representing the load at nodes by full models of static load characteristics is shown.
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Guseva, S., and L. Petrichenko. "Choice of the Optimum Cross-Sections for 20–110–330 kV Overhead Lines Under Market Conditions / 20–110–330 Kv Gaisvadu Līniju Optimālo Šķērsgriezumu Izvēle Tirgus Apstākļos." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 49, no. 6-I (December 1, 2012): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10047-012-0031-3.
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Abstract Approach is proposed to the choice of overhead line cross-sections that would be optimal under market conditions. For this purpose, in the design practice and at network reconstruction two methods exist: of the economic current density, and of the economic intervals. As of now, none of them works properly, since the cost of electrical materials, of building and construction as well as the total investments in a line are determined by the market prices. Therefore, a modified economic intervals’ method has been developed that can work under market conditions. The method allows also considering the discrete character of standard cross-sections for the lines and concrete technical and technically-economic parameters. For practical application of the proposed method, universal economic nomograms for 20-110-330 kV overhead lines have been calculated and constructed. In the paper, a user interface is proposed for realization of the modified method in Matlab environment.
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Kutin, V. M., M. V. Nikitchuk, V. M. Svitko, and O. O. Shpachuk. "AUTOMATION OF THE HEAT STATE ANALYSIS PROCESS HIGH-VOLTAGE CURRENT TRANSFORMERS." METHODS AND DEVICES OF QUALITY CONTROL, no. 2(43) (December 24, 2019): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9981-2019-2(43)-96-110.
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Thermographic control of electrical equipment allows you to draw preliminary conclusions about the technical condition of insulation, contact joints, windings, structural elements and cooling systems of electrical equipment of voltage classes 0.4 ÷ 750 kV. However, it should be borne in mind that the results of temperature measurement and assessment of the thermal state of electrical equipment are influenced by such factors as: environmental conditions, qualifications of personnel performing thermographic control and data interpretation, the need to improve regulatory documents for assessing the thermal state of electrical equipment and develop unified algorithms analysis of the results of thermographic examinations and gradation of the development of defects in electrical equipment.
Modern research in the field of thermographic control of electrical equipment is developing in several directions, namely: the use of automated (stationary or mobile) systems for collecting thermographic data; development of algorithms for processing thermal images that reduce the influence of extraneous noise on the values of the measured temperatures, select the image of the object being examined, select the optimal level of contrast of the thermal image to detect thermal anomalies; using statistical processing of thermal fields of thermal monitoring objects and making decisions about the thermal state of equipment using neural networks, machine learning and expert knowledge. Automation of the analysis of thermographic control data is an urgent scientific and practical task, the solution of which will improve the quality of maintenance, repairs, extension of the operating life and operational management of electrical equipment in conditions of a significant level of aging of the main production assets of electric companies and change of generations of staff.
Measuring current transformers of voltage classes 330 ÷ 750 kV are critical elements in the distribution schemes of electric power and in electric networks, and their technical condition directly affects the reliability of electric networks and power supply to consumers. The paper considers the reasons for the development of defects in current transformers of voltage classes 330 ÷ 750 kV, and also proposes relationships to take into account the influence of the air flow rate and the actual value of the emissivity of the structural element of the current transformers, as well as elements of the algorithms for analyzing data from thermal imaging surveys to reduce the influence of environmental factors and qualification level of the personnel performing the analysis, diagnostic results.
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Mikheev, Georgi M., and Ayrat G. Ziganshin. "THE ABILITY OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES TO INFLUENCE THE NEUTRAL MODE OF ELECTRIC GRIDS." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 3 (September 29, 2021): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2021-3-103-112.
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In this article, we consider the modes of neutrals of 0,38 to 750 kV networks. In any network with different voltage classes, the neutral point of a power transformer winding can operate both in isolated and deaf earthed mode. However, the choice of this mode depends on economic feasibility.
The paper presents arguments and advantages of application of system with isolated and compensated neutral of networks with voltage classes 6–35 kV. For networks of these voltage classes various options of connecting arc suppression reactors with step and smooth regulation, as well as low and high impedance resistors in the neutral point of neutralizing transformer or zero sequence filter are considered. On the example of operation of electric networks of the Republic of Chuvashia for many decades it is emphasized that compensation of capacitive currents with arc suppression reactors is an effective and reliable way to protect not only substation electrical equipment from overvoltage, but also to ensure electrical safety of people and animals, as well as reinforced concrete towers from destruction.
It is noted that the 6–35 kV networks in the future can be made with deaf earthed neutral. However, this will be possible under the condition that self-supporting insulated wires will be installed on overhead transmission lines instead of bare wires, and cross-linked polyethylene cables will be used on cable lines. It is emphasized that the introduction of work under voltage in 6-35 kV networks and digitalization of substations with the widespread introduction of microprocessor technology will accelerate the transition from a system with insulated (or compensated) neutral to a deaf earthed system. Nevertheless, the decision to switch from the insulated neutral system to a deaf earthed system will remain the prerogative of the design organization based on the specifics of the electrical equipment and the sphere of industrial activity.
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Dolgikh, Nadezhda N., Elena A. Dyuba, and Dmitry S. Osipov. "Development of a recursive model for the calculation of transient processes in electric networks using the wavelet transformation." Yugra State University Bulletin 18, no. 1 (May 10, 2022): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18822/byusu20220159-66.
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The digital transformation of the electric power industry is one of the priority tasks for the development of the industry. Wavelet transform is widely used in the electric power industry to analyze the dynamics of complex non-linear non-stationary processes. The article proposes a method for calculating transient processes in electrical networks based on a recursive algorithm. The approximating and detailing wavelet coefficients of the discrete wavelet transform are used as the voltage signal. To select the optimal wavelet function, it is proposed to use a criterion that takes into account the accuracy of the signal recovery as a result of the inverse wavelet transform. The nature of the change in the calculation result with an increase in the number of iterations is shown. The results of a numerical experiment for a 110 kV network when calculating a three-phase short circuit showed an acceptable accuracy of the developed technique. The proposed technique makes it possible to compress the volume of transmitted digital data on normal and emergency modes of electrical networks.
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Nazarov, Serdar, Gurbangulych Kelov, and Berdimyrat Gochyev. "The influence of changing resistance on the determination accuracy of short circuits in power lines." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801091.
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In high-voltage electrical networks, the occurrence of short circuits leads to forced interruptions in the power supply of large consumers and disruptions in intersystem communications. More than 65% of all types of occurring short circuits are single-phase short circuits [1]. In a single-phase short circuits (SPSC), a change in the zero sequence resistance (ZSR) especially significantly affects the inaccuracy in detection of damage sites (DDS). When choosing DDS methods, preference is given to remote methods according to the parameters of the emergency conditions (PEC), which are recorded by special instruments or determined from the oscillograms of emergency conditions. The use of modern microprocessor-based relay protection and automation devices (RPA) [26] or emergency event recorders allow viewing the oscillograms of emergency events. In a branched 110 kV network with a complex configuration, the DDS accuracy is influenced by a change in the ZSR. Averaging of specific parameters often leads to erroneous results. The choice of one value from the oscillograms puts the maintenance personnel in difficulty. In the scientific work, the influence of changes in the ZSR on the accuracy of the DDS is considered. The changes in the ZSR are influenced by the position of the on-load voltage regulator (OLTC) switches of transformers with a grounded neutral. In the work, for a more accurate record of the specific parameters of the network, a calculation program has been compiled, which allows making changes in the calculated specific parameters of the network. To determine the short-circuit current from the oscillograms, it is proposed to determine the stable state of accidents in which the current value will be approximately the same. The analysis of the oscillograms of SPSC in 110-220 kV networks in the southern part of the electric power system of Turkmenistan has been carried out.
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Kem, Ratana, Warunee Srisongkram, Phanupong Fuangpian, and Thanapong Suwanasri. "Electrical Stress Analysis of Switching Transients in 115 kV High Voltage Substation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.333.
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This paper presents electrical stress analysis from capacitor bank switching in a 115 kV substation. The actual data of all equipment in substation are used in the simulated circuit by using ATP/EMTP program. The cases study focused on the determination of proper value of series reactor, effect of circuit breaker pole discrepancy on inrush current, line model selection and load variation. Electrical stress from energizing inrush current as well as transient recovery voltage and rate of rise of recovery voltage imposed on power circuit breaker during capacitor bank has been analyzed. The obtained results are used as guidelines for analysis of the electric stresses on substation equipment while capacitor banks are energized. Moreover, those results can be used to select the proper rating of circuit breakers to withstand the electric stresses in the transmission network.
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VOLCHKOV, YURI D. "ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF THE THREE-PHASE SHORT CIRCUIT MODE IN THE 10 KV ELECTRIC NETWORK TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INFLUENCE OF LOAD CURRENTS." Agricultural engineering, no. 6 (2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2021-6-74-83.
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Abstract. The load current aff ects the value of the short-circuit current in the electric network and, consequently, the voltage value. In some cases, this infl uence must be taken into account for the correct choice of switching devices, remote monitoring the operating modes of electric networks, and determining the modes. It is possible to disconnect loads connected through magnetic starters and contactors. Failure to consider the infl uence of the load current can lead to an incorrect interpretation of the identifi ed grid operating modes during remote monitoring and, as a result, incorrect dispatcher’s decisions. In addition, it is also insuffi cient to specify the choice of switching devices in the 10 kV feed network. The article describes a method for analyzing the three-phase short circuit mode in a 10 kV feed network, taking into account the infl uence of load currents. The method is exemplifi ed by the case of an actual electric network – the 10 kV ring feed network containing reclosers and receiving power from diff erent sections of lowvoltage buses of the “Kulikovskaya” 110/35/10 kV substation, belonging to the Branch of PJSC «DGC of Center”-“Orelenergo.” For this network, the values of the three-phase short-circuit currents at points with diff erent distances from the substation buses have been determined. The authors have fi guredout the values of the load currents and their shares in the total short-circuit current. The voltage values at different points of the network in the case of short circuits have also been determined. The research proves that the effect of the load current on the total short-circuit current should be taken into account for the case of remote short circuits.
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Varentsov, V. M., A. I. Bur’Yanovatyy, and M. A. Ivanov. "Energy accounting in AC substations in case of transit currents flowing through the contact network." Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute 76, no. 5 (October 28, 2017): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2017-76-5-294-300.
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The purpose of the work is to clarify the methodology for determining the electric power consumption of traction substations of AC electric power for the transit of external power supply. The conditions for the emergence of significant transit through traction networks of external power supply are revealed. Using the example of the Ushaped scheme for the replacement of power transmission lines, it is shown that the intersystem power fluxes along the electric power transmission lines of the external power supply exert the greatest influence on the transit currents along the traction networks. For analysis, the local and transit components of the power flow are identified and a typical section of the electrical network is considered, containing three electrical connections at voltages of 330, 110 and 27.5 kV. In this case, the most significant factor affecting transit through the traction network is the transverse component of voltage drop, since its compensation in this network is difficult. Methods for estimating the transit current of a traction network are given. An engineering technique for estimating the electric power consumption for transit by software is proposed. Authors show the necessity and possibility of using the KORTES package for estimating transit currents of the traction network caused by external power supply. The results of calculations for two sections of different railways based on the data of the Regional Dispatch Office are presented. The influence of regional and traction loads on the path of transit currents is considered. Obtained relationships and developed methodology allow estimating the electric power consumption of traction substations for the transit of the power of external power supply.
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Shpiganovich, A. N., A. N. Mamontov, and A. V. Boychevsky. "Thermal Control of Capacitors and High Frequency Restrainers." Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta 26, no. 4 (2020): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/vestnik.2020.04.pp.555-563.
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The article considers the features of the occurrence of violations in the high-voltage electrical network, as well as the thermal imaging control of capacitors and high-frequency traps, the number of monitored points of this electrical equipment, the diagnostics of 35 kV capacitors of the “ladle furnace” installation of converter shops with a description of the transient process in the event of a defect, battery elements, as well as design features of capacitors and high-frequency traps with voltage 110...220 kV, the tangent of dielectric loss angle tgδ, the values of active current and steady-state voltage were calculated, the results are summarized in the table. Based on the calculations, a method of thermal imaging control was formed with the considered terms for eliminating these defects; a conclusion about the need to control the elements of the power supply system was made.
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Mikheev, Georgi M., and Ayrat G. Ziganshin. "THE DIGITALIZATION OF SUBSTATIONS BY CREATING A 6-35 kV SWITCHING DEVICESCONTROL SYSTEM FROM THE AUTOMATED WORKPLACE." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2021-1-78-85.
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The control system of high-voltage switches at one of the substations of the branch of JSC «Grid Company» Buinskie Power Networks is presented in the work. The block control circuit of switching devices from the automated workplace is described. Its specific blocks with the help of which the whole process of switching of high-voltage switches in the switchgear – 10, 35 kV is performed are provided.
An explanation of the collection and transfer of information from intelligent electronic devices to the switchgear drive, transmission of control commands, protocol conversion and data exchange with higher levels of automated systems is given.
Advantages of the remote control system for 6-35 kV electrical apparatus are shown on the example of the 110/35/10 kV «Verkhny Uslon» substation of the Tatenergo system.
The system of remote control of switchgear during its repair and in case of other emergency situations is opened on the example of one of the substations 110/35/10 kV of the Republic of Tatarstan.
There are schemes KRUN-10, KRUN-35 kV with an illustration of the positions of electrical apparatus, combined with video surveillance of the state of the switch of a certain cell and the position of the earthing switch of a separate switching device.
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Masaev, S. Kh, U. Kh Makaev, and M. V. Debiev. "The basic stages of improving the power grid complex functioning of the Chechen Republic." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-4-43-53.
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The article considers the state of the electric power industry functioning of the Chechen Republic. Comparative data on the reception in the network and useful electricity supply of the Chechen Republic in recent years are presented. The total transformer capacity structure of all substations, as well as the power lines total length of Chechenenergo JSC, is considered. The main electric power industry problems of the Chechen power system, which are the lack of own generating capacities, the transformer capacities shortage of substations 110 and 35 kV and the main production assets high level wear of the electric grid economy, are studied. The tasks to reduce the Chechen energy system electric energy losses are considered. The values and causes of the electric energy losses in different district electric networks (RES) of JSC "Chechenenergo" are determined. A comparative analysis of the electrical energy losses in recent years has been performed. Issues related to reactive power in electrical networks are considered. An analysis was carried out to determine the reactive power values in different district electric networks of Chechenenergo JSC. Measures are proposed that contribute to the reactive power normalization and the improvement of technical and economic indicators in electric networks. The networks electrical circuits improvement analysis was carried out to ensure the power supply stability and reliability to consumers in the republic. The production process control system and diagnostics is proposed, which will allow to regulate and coordinate the activities to manage the technical condition, as well as the power system reliability.
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Kudryashev, Gennadiy, Aleksandr Tret’yakov, and Oksana Shpak. "The Impact of Electricity Losses on the Reliability of Electrical Equipment in the Rural Power Grid of 0.4 kV." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 1, no. 42 (January 2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-1-34-38.
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Rural networks are characterized by a large length and low load density. In the country, there are problems with the reliability of electricity supply to agricultural enterprises and the uninterrupted operation of electrical equipment. The average duration of consumer outages is up to 100 hours annually. In Western developed countries, it is statistically defined as an acceptable state of electricity supply, when for a medium- voltage network during the year, the total duration of interruptions is in the range of 15-60 minutes per year. The permanent functioning of the Russian agro-industrial complex is impossible without reliable and stable operation of rural electric distribution networks. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the impact of electricity losses on the reliability of electrical equipment in the rural power grid of 0.4 kilovolt. (Materials and methods) The methods of ensuring reliability include: design features of the system, reliability of electrical equipment; provision of backup power, system management tools, organization of operation. The reasons for the decrease in reliability were: equipment failures, errors of operating personnel, excess of resource capabilities, deviation of the actual operating conditions of the equipment from the calculated ones. (Results and discussion) The article considers the issues of additional electricity losses in the low- voltage network of 0.4 kilovolts on the example of the power supply of an agricultural enterprise, caused by the flow of reactive energy. The article presents graphs of phase voltages and power consumption. Authors conducted experimental studies in a network of 0.4 kilovolts. The article presents the calculated reliability indicators of electrical equipment at an agricultural enterprise. The increase in reliability when installing a compensating device in the 0.4 kilovolt network are described. (Conclusions) The increase of reliability of electrical equipment is revealed, the probability of failure operation of the electric motors decreased by 3 percent; the probability of failure operation of the electric motors decreased by 19 percent; reducing the failure rate by 15 percent; decrease in failure rates by 14 percent.
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LAVRINOVICH, Valery A., Alexey A. PERTSEV, and Lidiya A. Ryl’skaya. "Development of the Vacuum Arc Chute for a 110 kV Single-Break Vacuum Circuit Breaker." Elektrichestvo 4, no. 4 (2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2021-4-58-64.
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Requirements for high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers for networks with a grounded neutral, which are stemming from the prospects of using vacuum circuit breakers in networks with the solidly grounded neutral are formulated. The arch chute design for a 110 kV single-break vacuum circuit breaker that takes into account the occurrence of repeated breakdowns is developed. The shielding system equalizes the voltage over the chute casing, decreases the electric field intensity at the “triple point”, protects the casing dielectric from becoming dusted with metallic contact parts erosion products, prevents the occurrence of cascade breakdown between the contact parts and central shield, and eliminates a possible decrease of the chute electric strength as it gradually works out its switching life. It is shown that the chute design includes measures to prevent the possibility of repeated breakdowns during disconnection up to class С1 according to GOST 52565-2006. It has been proven that for vacuum arc chutes for class С2 (for switching a capacitive load) it is necessary to develop a chute with two breaks between the contact parts or to connect two vacuum chutes in series. The shielding system adopted in the chute rules out the possibility of ceramic casing to become metallized, which decreases the chute electric strength as it gradually works out its switching life, and the vacuum arc transfer to beyond the inter-contact gap boundaries onto the central shield, the burnout of which results in that the vacuum arc chute loses its tightness and fully loses its functional properties.
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Dolega, Waldemar. "Development of electric power network infrastructure in aspect of electric energy supply security – case study Poland." E3S Web of Conferences 84 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198402002.
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In this paper, an analysis of issues related to development of national electric power network infrastructure in aspect of electric energy security is performed. Profile of network infrastructure in area of transmission and distribution is performed. Threats for electric energy supply security connected with transmission and distribution infrastructure are discussed. Both transmission and distribution electric power network are adapted for presently occurred typical conditions of electric energy demand and realization of internal tasks in normal conditions, but can create potential threat for electric energy supply security. In the context of forecasted increase of electric energy demand, inadequate power in National Electric Power System (NEPS) in domestic sources and available through intersystem connections, uneven location of sources and consumers at shortage of proper network transmission capacities, necessity of improvement of quality and electric energy supply reliability to final consumers and intensive development of renewable energy sources, present network infrastructure in area of transmission and distribution will be insufficient. Development of 400 and 220 kV transmission network, 110 kV distribution network especially in area of cities, MV distribution network especially in rural areas and realization of investments for improvement of export-import possibilities of NEPS will be necessary. Challenges for transmission and distribution system operators in area of network development are performed. They concern mainly investment sphere and area connected with preparation and construction of network investments.
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Alimov, A., F. Akbarov, G. B. Eshniyazova, and A. Tureniyaziva. "Relationship between mains costs and voltage switches." E3S Web of Conferences 289 (2021): 07035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128907035.
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The article deals with the issues of interconnection of network costs and power quality, in particular voltage deviations. The graphs of the distribution of voltage deviations for electrical receivers are given for two calculated load modes - the highest (100%) and the lowest (25%), corresponding to the choice of wires of 10 and 0.38 kV overhead lines for economic loads and voltage stabilization on 10 kV buses of 35/10 kV RTP at the level of + 5%.
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Hadaj, Piotr, and Dominik Strzałka. "Modelling Selected Parameters of Power Grid Network in the South-Eastern Part of Poland: The Case Study." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010239.
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In this paper, a case study is conducted based on the real data obtained from the local Distribution System Operator (DSO) of electrical energy. The analyzed network represents connections and high-voltage switchgears of 110 kV. Selected graph parameters—vertex degree distribution, the average vertex degree, the graph density, network efficiency, the clustering coefficient, the average path length, and the graph diameter were examined, taking into account that in the analysis, some nodes were removed due to the different failures. For each failure, the possible effects on network parameters were tested. As a final result, it was shown that in the analyzed case, the removal of only five nodes could cause a significant (almost four times) fall of graph efficiency. In turn, this means that the whole analyzed network cannot be considered as a fault-tolerant.
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Malažinskas, Vilius, Renaldas Raišutis, Alfonsas Morkvėnas, Saulius Gudžius, Audrius Jonaitis, Jonas Vaičys, and Gediminas Daukšys. "EVALUATION OF THE INSULATION CONDITION OF HIGH-VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS BY DETECTING PARTIAL DISCHARGES USING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RADIATION METHOD." Materiali in tehnologije 55, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2020.175.
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High-voltage transformers are among the most important elements in an electric-power system. Each one of them is affected by various external factors: overvoltage, partial discharge (PD), overheating, vibrations, etc., which are created by a strong electric field, thermal effect, humidity, impurities, factory defects, dissolved water and gas in oil-type-transformer insulation. These and other factors, caused by the environment, reduce the life of a device. Thus, the evaluation of the device condition is one of the most important factors for a system-safety evaluation, which ensures a reliable and economical electrical-network operation. This work reviews different contact and non-contact methods, used to evaluate the conditions of transformers by measuring the level of PD. The selected method, i.e., the non-contact measurement of electromagnetic-wave radiation was used to evaluate the voltage-transformer status. The experiment was performed at a 110 kV substation. The authors discuss the efficiency of the selected method to evaluate the voltage-transformer insulation condition.
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Mircea, Paul Mihai, Ion Marin, Ion Mircea, Denisa Rusinaru, Doru Ursu, Gabriel Cosmin Buzatu, Marian Ciontu, and Cristian Bratu. "Impact analysis of changing the neutral treatment solution in an MV electrical station on the system performance." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 02054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821002054.
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The actual operation of the power distribution systems asks for high standards concerning the performance of the system in terms of continuity and safety in supplying consumers on the one hand and the quality of the delivered energy on the other hand. Thus, the paper aims to present a complete analysis of the impact that the modification of the neutral treatment system in a 110 kV / MV station belonging to Energy Distribution Oltenia (DEO), has on both the number and the type of unwanted events or phenomena as well as on the network parameters and the transient regime which occurs as a result of some defects with the earth. All of these have been analyzed taking into account the new performance standards that distribution systems have to respect.
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Yue, Hong Yuan, Jian Yun Chen, and Qiang Xu. "Dynamic analysis of 1100 kV composite bushing considering oil and structure interaction effects." MATEC Web of Conferences 272 (2019): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927201011.
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The 1100 kV composite bushing is one of the most important components in the ultra-high voltage electrical network. Therefore, the safety and integrity must be ensured during the operation under any conditions such as an earthquake. The primary object of this paper is to investigate the effects of oil in the dome on the dynamic responses of the 1100 kV composite bushing when subjected to horizontal seismic ground motion. The coupled finite element method (FEM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is adopted to simulate the fluid structure interaction (FSI) between the oil and the dome. The influences of particle’s distributions on the numerical results and computational efficiencies are discussed. For comparison with the coupled FEM/SPH method, the additional mass model is also performed. The influences of oil oscillation on the time history of absolute acceleration of 1100 kV composite bushing are discussed, as well as the relative displacement and the bending moment at the base of the structure. The results show that the motion of oil in the dome with free surface can limit the vibration of the 1100 kV composite bushing and can efficiently dissipate the kinetic energy of the 1100 kV composite bushing by fluid-structure interaction.
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BRYANTSEV, Alexander M., Sergei V. POZDNIAKOV, and Nikolay A. SELEZNEV. "Magnetic-Valve Controllable Transformer-Type Reactors with Phase-by-Phase Reactive Power Control." Elektrichestvo, no. 12 (2021): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2021-12-4-14.
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The article outlines the basic theory, operation principle, peculiarities of electromagnetic processes, and circuit and design solutions of a fundamentally new three-phase magnetic-valve controllable reactor, which combines increased response speed with high-precision stabilization of the current reactive power value. The advisability of a monoblock design with all power elements of the device placed in one transformer-type tank is substantiated. An example of the design of a magnetic-valve controllable transformer-type reactor for a capacity of 25 Mvar, and rated voltage of 35 kV is given along with an analysis of the effectiveness of its three-year operation as part of the Petrovsk-Zabaikalskaya 220/110/35 kV digital substation. It is shown that a reactive power source based on a new magnetic-valve controllable reactor is able---in addition to its main function of optimizing reactive power flows between power supply centers and load nodes---to normalize the voltage quality in a three-phase network with a nonlinear asymmetrical load in terms of such indicators as compensation of slow deviations of the three-phase voltage, symmetry of line-to-line voltages, and elimination of their waveform distortion.
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Erejepov, Madiyar, A. N. Novikov, B. M. Khusanov, Bayram Seytmuratov, and Ziynatdin Sayimbetov. "Algorithm for estimating the mode and electricity losses in distribution electric networks 6-110 kV conditions of incomplete information." E3S Web of Conferences 289 (2021): 07018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128907018.
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The article provides an analysis of methods for calculating electricity losses. The conditions for the application of methods for calculating electricity losses are determined, and structural separated losses in electrical networks are shown. An algorithm for calculating electricity losses is presented, which makes it possible to obtain acceptable results with a minimum of initial information, which has a limited degree of reliability.
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Chen, Hui, Junjia Wang, Hejun Hu, Xiaofeng Li, and Yiyun Huang. "Aging Detection of 110 kV XLPE Cable for a CFETR Power Supply System Based on Deep Neural Network." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 3127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093127.
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To detect the aging of power cables in the TOKAMAK power supply systems, this paper proposed a deep neural network diagnosis model and algorithm for power cable aging, based on logistic regression according to the characteristics of different high-order harmonics generated by different aging parts of the power cable. The experimental results showed that the model has high diagnostic accuracy, and the average error is only 2.35%. The method proposed in this paper has certain application potential in the CFETR power cable auxiliary monitoring system.
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Chen, Hui, Junjia Wang, Hejun Hu, Xiaofeng Li, and Yiyun Huang. "Aging Detection of 110 kV XLPE Cable for a CFETR Power Supply System Based on Deep Neural Network." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 3127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093127.
Full textAbstract:
To detect the aging of power cables in the TOKAMAK power supply systems, this paper proposed a deep neural network diagnosis model and algorithm for power cable aging, based on logistic regression according to the characteristics of different high-order harmonics generated by different aging parts of the power cable. The experimental results showed that the model has high diagnostic accuracy, and the average error is only 2.35%. The method proposed in this paper has certain application potential in the CFETR power cable auxiliary monitoring system.
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Chen, Hui, Junjia Wang, Hejun Hu, Xiaofeng Li, and Yiyun Huang. "Aging Detection of 110 kV XLPE Cable for a CFETR Power Supply System Based on Deep Neural Network." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 3127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093127.
Full textAbstract:
To detect the aging of power cables in the TOKAMAK power supply systems, this paper proposed a deep neural network diagnosis model and algorithm for power cable aging, based on logistic regression according to the characteristics of different high-order harmonics generated by different aging parts of the power cable. The experimental results showed that the model has high diagnostic accuracy, and the average error is only 2.35%. The method proposed in this paper has certain application potential in the CFETR power cable auxiliary monitoring system.
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Fedotov, Alexander, Rafik Basyrov, Georgii Vagapov, and Ainur Abdullazyanov. "Practical Implementation of the System of Feeder Diagnostics of Single-Phase Earth Faults with Online Distributed Data Collection." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 64, no. 2 (2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2021-2-78-85.
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Single-phase earth faults are one of the main problem of the distribution electrical networks with voltage 6 - 35 kV with isolated neutral. Single-phase earth fault is one of the reasons decrease of the power quality and the reliability of power supply. The paper presents the theoretical base of the monitoring parameters selection during the single-phase earth fault process and its practical implementation as an installed system at a power substation with a 110/10 kV level voltage. The hardware part of the feeder monitoring system allows implementing the determination of feeder with fault and the phase of this feeder with fault without the need to switch off of the feeders. The software part of the system allows for ongoing monitoring of feeders with built-in alarm and viewing the event archive on the supervisor computer.
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Klempka, Ryszard. "An Arc Furnace as a Source of Voltage Disturbances—A Statistical Evaluation of Propagation in the Supply Network." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041076.
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This article presents the results of measuring Pst indicators at three points of a power system supplying a large source of voltage disturbances—an arc furnace. Measurements were made at three voltage levels: 30, 110, and 400 kV. Recorded values of Pst at each point were subjected to statistical analysis, the probability distributions were adjusted to their histograms, and the nature of changes in the basic parameters of these distributions with the distance from the source of disturbances was indicated. The adjustments of the distributions were made using a modified firefly algorithm.
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Namysłowska-Wilczyńska, Barbara, and Artur Wilczyński. "Geostatistical Characteristics of the Structure of Spatial Variation of Electrical Power in the National 110 KV Network Including Results of Variogram Model Components Filtering." Acta Energetica, no. 23 (March 16, 2015): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12736/issn.2300-3022.2015106.
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Grigoraș, Gheorghe, Bogdan-Constantin Neagu, Ovidiu Ivanov, Bogdan Livadariu, and Florina Scarlatache. "A New SQP Methodology for Coordinated Transformer Tap Control Optimization in Electric Networks Integrating Wind Farms." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031129.
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The real-time control of optimal power flow (OPF) in electric networks represents, in the last period, a challenge for the Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) and Transmission System Operators (TSOs) under the conditions of large-scale integration of renewable energy sources. The paper focused on the voltage management in the electric networks with wind farms connected, proposing a fast Successive Quadratic Programming (SQP)-based centralized control (CC) methodology of the on-load tap changers (OLTC) corresponding to the transformers from the electric substations, which can be included in the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) module of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Master System. The SQP-CC aims to ensure an optimal voltage level inside a variation range, as narrow as possible, which leads to minimize power losses in the electric networks. Treating the OPF problem as an SQP problem and accelerating convergence using the conjugate reduced gradient method led to very few iterations and a fast computational time, recommending the implementation of the methodology for real-time work. The effectiveness of the SQP-CC was demonstrated in a test network having two voltage levels (220 and 110 kV) with two wind farms integrated, considering two scenarios, without and with wind farms connected. The optimal tap positions of the transformers led to very close voltage variations between the buses of the network, quantified through an average voltage drop between the initial and final buses by 0.004 pu compared with 0.031 pu recorded in the scenario with both wind farms injecting power into the network and without coordinated control of the OLTCs. The energy-saving was over 30% in both scenarios, 33.5% (without wind farms) and 41.27% (both wind farms injecting power in the network). These results highlighted the positive effects of the proposed SQP-CC methodology on the real-time optimal operation of the electric networks integrating wind farms.
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Gadzhiev, Magomed, Eugenia Gulevich, Vyacheslav Korobka, Vladimir Ryabchenko, and Yuriy Sharov. "On the placing of synchronized vector measurements in network 110 - 330 kV for identification of the Kaliningrad region power system regime." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185801005.
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A solution is presented for the problem of placing phasor measurement unit to identify the mathematical model of the electric power system in the state space. The criterion for complete observability of the Kalman dynamic system is taken as a basis. As a method of solution, we use the canonical genetic algorithm. The complete observability of the power system is ensured by the application of the observability rule in the form of a recursive test of observability. The proposed approach is demonstrated by the arrangement of synchronized vector meters in the Kaliningrad region power system.
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Levin, Vladimir Mikhailovich, Ammar Abdulazez Yahya, and Diana A. Boyarova. "Predicting the technical condition of the power transformer using fuzzy logic and dissolved gas analysis method." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1139-1146.
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Power transformers are one of the most important and complex parts of an electric power system. Maintenance is performed for this responsible part based on the technical condition of the transformer using a predictive approach. The technical condition of the power transformer can be diagnosed using a range of different diagnostic methods, for example, analysis of dissolved gases (DGA), partial discharge monitoring, vibration monitoring, and moisture monitoring. In this paper, the authors present a digital model for predicting the technical condition of a power transformer and determining the type of defect and its cause in the event of defect detection. The predictive digital model is developed using the programming environment in LabVIEW and is based on the fuzzy logic approach to the DGA method, interpreted by the key gas method and the Dornenburg ratio method. The developed digital model is verified on a set of 110 kV and 220 kV transformers of one of the sections of the distribution network and thermal power plant in the Russian Federation. The results obtained showed its high efficiency in predicting faults and the possibility of using it as an effective computing tool to facilitate the work of the operating personnel of power enterprises.
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Kosorukov, Anton, Pavel Karpov, Nataliya Kutuzova, Svetlana Pashicheva, and Vasiliy Titkov. "SPD in illumination system of HV air insulated substation." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 03020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016403020.
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The article discusses the distribution of the lightning current between communications of the object as the main aspect determining surge protective devices (SPDs) parameters for applying in substation’s low voltage networks. Wireframe model was designed to compute field-circuit model of earthing device (ED) and define the element potentials and currents using circuit analysis methods. Transients were calculated using operator method. Results of calculation and measurements of the lightning current’s distribution in ED and cables in illumination network of air insulated substation presented. Experimental study results obtained in training ground PJSC «Lenenergo», one of the largest electric power distribution company in Russia. Case of lightning strike in the floodlight mast combined с with lightning rod in 110 kV air insulated substation was studied. Requirements for the parameter "impulse discharge current amplitude" SPD defined. Described general approaches to the illumination network’s lightning surge protection on air insulated substation.
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Tazky, Matej, Michal Regula, and Alena Otcenasova. "Impact of Changes in a Distribution Network Nature on the Capacitive Reactive Power Flow into the Transmission Network in Slovakia." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 5321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175321.
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The main emphasis in the operation of an electricity system is placed on its safe and reliable operation. The flow of reactive power in a network can affect voltage conditions in individual nodes of the transmission system. In recent years, there have been changes in the network that have resulted in increased capacitive reactive power flows from lower voltage levels to higher ones. These flows can cause the voltage to rise above the limit. This paper examines recent changes in the reactive power transmission in the network, especially at lower voltage levels. The possible impact of these changes on the flow of capacitive reactive power at higher voltage levels is analyzed. This paper also presents a description and the simulated impact of power lines at different voltage levels on reactive power flows. Real measurements of different types of consumers at the low-voltage (LV) level are analyzed. Finally, a simulation model was created to simulate the impact of a customer’s power contribution to the reactive power flows from the point of view of a 110 kV voltage node. This node is characterized as a supply point.
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Domanskyi, I., and О. Kozlova. "DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ELECTRICAL NETWORKS OF TRACTION SUBSTATIONS." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 154 (April 3, 2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-8-15.
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In the paper on the basis of the analysis of classical power schemes traction substations of railways and urban electric transport conceptual directions of development of electric networks of external power supply of traction substations in the conditions of market economy and normative requirements of the electric power industry of Ukraine are developed, which allow to provide energy saving modes of their operation. Based on system analysis of domestic and foreign traction power supply systems of railways and electric transport of large cities, the concept of their development is substantiated and proposed by increasing the supply voltage of traction substations and minimizing capacity upflows and energy losses, which provides resource and energy savings. It is suggested that the investment programs of the structures that are part of Corporation «Ukrzaliznytsia» and the municipal services be synchronized according to their technological indicators, as well as according to the criteria of energy efficiency and quality of energy supply with similar investment programs of external energy. For reduction of energy losses, it is proposed: realization of rational schedule of train movement and deep high voltage inputs with the prospect of transition to own 110 kV distribution networks, modernization and equipping of modern rolling stock electrical equipment and infrastructure of the main and perspective directions of the railways. The need to expand tram and trolleybus lines and modernize power supply devices in terms of resource conservation requires new technologies for the design, construction and operation of the facilities of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice». Such technologies have been implemented by the «DAK-Energetika» enterprise in the manufacture of modern electrical equipment of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice» TS. The most important tasks are the improvement of stationary and mobile substations and other linear facilities of traction power supply by completing functional modular blocks with modern switchgear with digital relay protection and diagnostics of traction networks; local and remote control of switchgear devices, as well as switch diagnostics and self-diagnosis. Keywords: external power supply, traction substations, electrical networks, power systems operation modes.
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Pan, Z. L., J. H. Yang, and X. B. Cheng. "Research of the anti-resonance pulse forming network and its application in the Marx generator." Laser and Particle Beams 34, no. 4 (October 17, 2016): 675–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034616000641.
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AbstractAn anti-resonance pulse forming network (PFN) has been designed, analyzed, and tested for its application in generating quasi-square pulses. According to the circuit simulations, a compact generator based on two/three-section network was constructed. Two-section network is applied in the generator due to its compact structure, while three-section network is employed for generating pulses with higher quality. When two-section network is applied in the generator, the full-width at half-maximum of the load pulse is 400 ns, at the same time, its rise time, flat top and fall time are 90, 180 and 217 ns, respectively. When the three-section network is applied with the same pulse width of the load pulse, the rise time of the output decreases to 60 ns, while the flat top increases to 240 ns and the fall time reduces to 109 ns. Meanwhile, this kind of network could be used to shape the output pulses of generators whose equivalent circuit is LC series discharge network, such as MARX generator, into quasi-square pulses. And the preliminary experiment demonstrates that anti-resonance network could work well on four-stage Marx generators. A sine pulse generated by the four-stage Marx generator is shaped into a quasi-square pulse with voltage of 11.8 kV and pulse width about 110 ns based on two-section anti-resonance network.
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Gasho, E. G., S. V. Guzhov, and A. A. Krolin. "Assessment of the effects of climate change on the safety and reliability of the functioning of the electric power complex in Moscow." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 11, no. 3 (October 21, 2018): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2018-11-3-208-216.
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The article is dedicated to the study of the problem of the influence of climate change on the reliability and safety of the power complex of the Moscow metropolis. The analysis of climatic change in the Moscow region shows the number of dangerous climatic events that have intensified over the past ten years, leading to economic damage. In the paper, the observed manifestations of climate change have been analyzed, isolated and ranked according to the effect on the reliability of the power supply system. The vulnerability of the electric power industry to unfavorable climatic events is considered. The analysis is presented of accident rate, economic damage in some basic elements of the power system.The power supply system of the Moscow energy center is characterized by high reliability and saturation with devices for converting, distributing and transmitting electrical energy. Based on the official statistics of local power outages in the Moscow metropolis, analysis is performed of the intensity of failures of overhead power transmission lines. Correlation analysis of their interrelation with the intensity of occurrence of dangerous climatic events is performed. It is shown that the most intensive effects are not only produced by individual climatic events, but also by some of their combinations: "strong wind" and "ice"; "high humidity" and "a high number of temperature transitions through 0 °C", etc. Based on the dependencies obtained, regularities have been revealed that allow predicting the key parameters of damage from the most frequent unfavorable climatic events, which have become more frequent with climate change. Through the application of regression methods of analysis, the functions of the dependence of the occurrence of wire breaks in high-voltage distribution networks with a voltage up to 110 kV and wire breaks in backbone networks with a voltage over 110 kV on climatic factors are substantiated.An estimation of the total economic damage to the power grid complex in Moscow from the most influential climatic events has been performed. Some low-cost oportunities for adaptation of existing power transmission networks to the change in the Moscow metropolis are considered.
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Balametov, A. B., and E. D. Halilov. "Simulation of Electric Networks Modes Using Steady-State and Heat Balance Equations." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 63, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-1-66-80.
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In the traditional calculations of the steady-state mode of the electrical network, the dependences of the active resistances of the overhead line wire on the ambient temperature and currents in the branches are not taken into account. However, the temperature is a function of the active power losses, the power losses are a function of the resistance and current, and the resistance is temperature dependent. Therefore, these relations should be related to the traditional equations for stationary regimes. In order to increase the accuracy of steady-state calculations, a temperature correction of the resistance of the branches is required. In this paper, we present a method based on the joint solution of nonlinear equations of the steady-state electric network regime and the thermal balance of the wires of overhead lines. The algorithm and the program of calculation of the steady-state mode of an electric network taking into account dependence of active resistances of a wire of an overhead line on ambient temperature and currents in branches have been developed. The quantitative influence of the load current, wire temperature, wind speed, solar radiation on the active resistance of the wires has been estimated, and the errors in calculating annual variable energy losses have been determined. Numerical experiments were carried out for a 6-node modified version of the IEEE test system and equivalent circuit of 110 kV. The results of the calculations of the steady-state regime on various test circuits showed that the non-account of the temperature dependence of the active resistances might cause errors in power loss for individual loaded lines up to 10 %, and for total losses of the system – up to 30 %. This is unacceptable in simulating the modes of the electric network. The results of simulation of steady-state regimes taking into account the temperature dependence of the resistance of the wires are presented on the example of 6-node and 7-node circuits.
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Chemborisova, Nailia Sh, and Ivan D. Chernenkov. "A Procedure of Drawing up Integral Indicators for Comprehensively Estimating the Properties of Electric Power System Nodes." Vestnik MEI 3, no. 3 (2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-3-11-18.
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The problem of selecting the electric power system control nodes is studied. By performing control of these modes, matters concerned with providing reliable power supply of the required quality to consumers can be settled in the most efficient manner. As an example, a fragment of the electric power system mathematical model used in the Finist mode-setting simulator for a power system dispatch control center operator is considered, which represents a highly branched electrical network consisting of eleven 110 kV nodes, three 220 kV nodes connected with the system, and two generator nodes. A new procedure for selecting the control nodes is proposed, which takes into account a combination of different indicators having different measurement units, dimensions and scales is proposed. These indicators characterize the following properties of power system nodes: the reactive power fraction absorbed at a node, the sensitivity of voltage to reactive load variations, the number of connected power lines, and statistical indicators characterizing the change of voltage at the nodes and reactive power flows for different options of installing the reactive power compensation devices. For combined use of these indicators, they were ranked according to the efficiency of installing reactive power compensation devices in the system. For each indicator, a scale of five ranks (intervals) is set, which determine the preferences (qualitative judgments) of the researcher in evaluating the reactive power compensation devices installation efficiency at the system nodes. The highest rank (5) corresponds to the maximum efficiency, and the lowest rank (1) corresponds to the minimum efficiency. To calculate the individual (integral) priority indicator of installing reactive power compensation devices, the ranks of indicators are added together, and their sum is divided by the product of the number of ranks by the number of the used indicators (features). Based on the calculation results, the rating (location) of each node is determined, and the nodes for installing the reactive power compensation devices are selected according to their effect on ensuring the electric power system operation reliability, active power losses in the network, and voltage regulation. Thus, a new procedure is presented for determining the integral indicators for comprehensively estimating the properties of complex electric power system nodes and selecting the controlled nodes using a system of various indicators. These indicators characterize the studied nodes in terms of the efficiency of installing reactive power compensation devices to reduce active power losses in the network, voltage regulation, and ensuring the electric power system operational reliability. The validity of the results obtained in the study is confirmed by their comparison with the indicators of the balance-conductivity method, which has proven itself in solving problems connected with determining the nodes for controlling electric power system operation modes.
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Zhang, Haoran, Ting Shu, Shifei Liu, Zicheng Zhang, Lili Song, and Heng Zhang. "A Compact Modular 5 GW Pulse PFN-Marx Generator for Driving HPM Source." Electronics 10, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050545.
Full textAbstract:
A compact and modular pulse forming network (PFN)-Marx generator with output parameters of 5 GW, 500 kV, and 30 Hz repetition is designed and constructed to produce intense electron beams for the purpose of high-power microwave (HPM) generation in the paper. The PFN-Marx is composed by 22 stages of PFN modules, and each module is formed by three mica capacitors (6 nF/50 kV) connected in parallel. Benefiting from the utilization of mica capacitors with high energy density and a mini-trigger source integrated into the magnetic transformer and the magnetic switch, the compactness of the PFN-Marx system is improved significantly. The structure of the PFN module, the gas switch unit, and the connection between PFN modules and switches are well designed for modular realization. Experimental results show that this generator can deliver electrical pulses with the pulse width of 100 ns and amplitude of 500 kV on a 59-ohm water load at a repetition rate of 30 Hz in burst mode. The PFN-Marx generator is fitted into a cuboid stainless steel case with the length of 80 cm. The ratio of storage energy to volume and the ratio of power to weight of the PFN-Marx generator are calculated to be 6.5 J/L and 90 MW/kg, respectively. Furthermore, utilizing the generator to drive the transit time oscillator (TTO) at a voltage level of 450 kV, a 100 MW microwave pulse with the pulse width of 20 ns is generated.
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Salceanu, Alexandru, Marius Valerian Paulet, Constantin Dan Neagu, and Dragos Florin Bordeianu. "On the coupling influence of the relative position of human trunk with respect to the overhead high-voltage power line." ACTA IMEKO 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i3.790.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="Abstract">In this article, we present our study of the relevance of the relative position of the human torso with respect to the plane of the supporting pylons of various Overhead High-Voltage Power Lines from the perspective of currents induced by the generated magnetic fields. A homogenous model of the human body that considers the trunk as an elliptic cylinder has been developed in CST Studio software. Due to the necessary theoretical brevity, the results obtained by the simulation for the loop currents along the perimeters associated with the large (28 cm) and, respectively, the small (16 cm) axis of the elliptical cross-section of the trunk are presented and discussed. Simulations have been performed for five relative positions (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) of the human trunk with respect to the plane of the transmission towers and for two types of symmetric, double three-phase networks (110 kV and 640 A, 220 kV and 960 A, respectively), with the normal supporting poles SN 110252. We present the solutions and the selected boundary conditions with the aim of using CST software in the domain of industrial frequency. The obtained results make it possible to formulate recommendations on the reduction of human exposure to magnetic fields.</p>