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HAYAKAWA, Yuichi S. "key words -14-." Journal of the Japan Landslide Society 52, no. 5 (2015): 261–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3313/jls.52.261.
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Kubota, N., H. Takigawa, X. Ri, and K. Yasui. "792 PB 036 EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCKS ON SHOOTGROWTH. BERRY QUALITY. AND YIELD OF “FUJIMINORI” GRAPES TREATED WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 546e—546. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.546e.
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Shoot and berry growth, sugar. titratable acidity, and anthocyanin contents of berries and crop yields of “Fujiminori” grapes (Vitis vinifera × V. labruscana) were determined in vines grafted 10 eight different rootstocks: 3309, 3306, 101-14. 5BB. 5C, 8B. SO4, and 420A. Three-year-old vines of 5BB stock and S-year-old vines of each of the other stocks grown in an unheated plastic house were used for this investigation. Shoot growth was more vigorous on vines grafted to 5BB compared to 3309, SO4, and 8B. The highest yield per unit area was observed in vines grafted to 3306. followed in order by 5BB, 3309, 101-14, SO4, 5C, 8B, and 420A. The largest berry size was observed in vines grafted to 3306, followed by 5BB, 101-14, 3309, 8B, 5C, SO4, and 420A. Berries of vines grafted to 420A and 5BB had the highest tota1 soluble solids, followed in descending order by 8B, 101-14. and 5C. Titratable acidity of berry juice was lowest in vines grafted to 420A. The anthocyanin content of berry skin was higher in vines grafted to 420A and 101-14 than in berries of other stocks. GA-treatment did not increase the percentage of seedless berries of this cultivar to a commercially acceptable level for any of the rootstocks used.
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Wallace, Mark, Alexander White, Kathy A. Grako, Randal Lane, Allen (Jo) Cato, and H. Ralph Snodgrass. "Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study: Investigation of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antihyperalgesic activity of L-4-chlorokynurenine in healthy volunteers." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 17, no. 1 (October 1, 2017): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.05.004.
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AbstractBackground and aimsNeuropathic pain is a significant medical problem needing more effective treatments with fewer side effects. Overactive glutamatergic transmission viaN-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are known to play a role in central sensitization and neuropathic pain. Although ketamine, a NMDAR channel-blocking antagonist, is often used for neuropathic pain, its side-effect profile and abusive potential has prompted the search for a safer effective oral analgesic. A novel oral prodrug, AV-101 (L-4 chlorokynurenine), which, in the brain, is converted into one of the most potent and selective GlyB site antagonists of the NMDAR, has been demonstrated to be active in animal models of neuropathic pain. The two Phase 1 studies reported herein were designed to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of AV-101, over a wide dose range, after daily dosing for 14-days. As secondary endpoints, AV-101 was evaluated in the capsaicin-induced pain model.MethodsThe Phase 1A study was a single-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single oral ascending dose (30–1800 mg) study involving 36 normal healthy volunteers. The Phase 1B study was a single-site randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of multiple ascending doses (360, 1080, and 1440mg/day) of AV-101 involving 50 normal healthy volunteers, to whom AV-101 or placebo were administered orally daily for 14 consecutive days. Subjects underwent PK blood analyses, laboratory assessments, physical examination, 12-lead ECG, ophthalmological examination, and various neurocognitive assessments. The effect of AV-101 was evaluated in the intradermally capsaicin-induced pain model (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01483846).ResultsTwo Phase 1, with an aggregate of 86 subjects, demonstrated that up to 14 days of oral AV-101, up to 1440mg per day, was safe and very well tolerated with AEs quantitively and qualitatively like those observed with placebo. Mean half-life values of AV-101 were consistent across doses, ranging with an average of 1.73 h, with the highestCmax(64.4 μg/mL) and AUC0-t(196 μgh/mL) values for AV-101 occurring in the 1440-mg dose group. In the capsaicin induce-pain model, there was no significant change in the area under the pain time curve (AUPC) for the spontaneous pain assessment between the treatment and the placebo groups on Day 1 or 14 (the primary endpoint). In contrast, there were consistent reductions at 60–180 min on Day 1 after dosing for allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia, heat hyperalgesia, and spontaneous pain, and on Day 14 after dosing for heat hyperalgesia.ConclusionsAlthough, AV-101 did not reach statistical significance in reducing pain, there were consistent reductions, for allodynia pain and mechanical and heat hyperalgesia. Given the excellent safety profile and PK characteristics demonstrated by this study, future clinical trials of AV-101 in neuropathic pain are justified.ImplicationsThis article presents the safety and PK of AV-101, a novel oral prodrug producing a potent and selective GlyB site antagonist of the NMDA receptor. These data indicate that AV-101 has excellent safety and PK characteristics providing support for advancing AV-101 into Phase 2 studies in neuropathic pain, and even provides data suggesting that AV-101 may have a role in treating depression.
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Cheng, Xiaodong, Manshouri Taghi, Peng Huang, Mirna Golemovic, Ralph Zingaro, Emil J. Freireich, Michael Andreeff, Hagop M. Kantarjian, and Srdan Verstovsek. "Mechanisms of Increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation Induced by Organic Arsenic Derivative S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione (SGLU; ZIO-101)." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 4445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4445.4445.
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Abstract ZIO-101 is organic arsenic with similar anti-leukemia activity to arsenic trioxide (ATO) but much less toxicity. Consequently, ZIO-101 can be given at substantially higher doses than ATO and may be active in more diverse cancers than ATO. The precise anti-cancer mechanism of ZIO-101 is unknown: ZIO-101 increases intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in dose dependent manner, resulting in apoptosis of leukemic cells. Modifying intracellular ROS levels alters the ability of ZIO-101 to induce apoptosis. We focused on the 2 most important intracellular ROS generators, mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Cells were treated with ZIO-101 and NADPH oxidase expression levels, membrane translocation and interactions of subunits were studied. Effects of modified NADPH oxidase levels on ZIO-101-induced ROS production were studied (diphenyleneiodonium [DPI], a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, and SiRNA technique were used to inhibit enzyme function, while bryostatin-1, a specific activator of NADPH oxidase, was used to increase enzyme function). Mitochondrial DNA-depleted HL60 Rho-0 cells were also used to evaluate mitochondrial input to ROS-generation. Our data show that ZIO-101 activates NADPH oxidase. A low concentration of ZIO-101 (1uM) requires 14 h to significantly increase intracellular ROS levels and kill leukemic cell. This effect is strongly inhibited by DPI-pretreatment and is also seen in P47-SiRNA transfected HL60 cells. On the other hand, this A higher dose of ZIO-101 (4uM) increases ROS levels more rapidly (2–6 h). This early increase is not inhibited by DPI-pretreatment or SiRNA transfection. A 14 h but not 2–6 h increase in ROS is detectable in Rho-0 HL60 cells. These data indicate dose-dependent mechanisms of ZIO-101 induction of ROS: 1uM ZIO-101 induces NADPH oxidase activity which results in ROS production detectable at 14 h; there is no mitochondrial component; 4uM ZIO-101 disrupts mitochondrial function resulting in an earlier increase in ROS levels and subsequent apoptosis. effect is significantly enhanced in cells that have increased enzyme function. ROS-production in Rho-0 HL60 cells is unaffected by these interventions.
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Thamrin, Muhammad. "Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Number Heads Together (Nht) Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PKN Kelas VI SDN 101 Kec.Suppa Kab. Pinrang." Indonesian Journal of Educational Science (IJES) 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31605/ijes.v1i1.139.
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MasalahdalampenelitianiniyaknirendahnyahasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKnkelas VISDN 101 Kec. Suppa Kab. Pinrang.Rumusanmasalahdalampenelitianiniadalahbagaimanakahpenggunaan model pembelajarankooperatiftipeNumber Heads Together (NHT)dalammeningkatkanhasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKnkelas VISDN 101 Kec. Suppa Kab. Pinrang?Adapunpenelitianinibertujuanuntukmendeskripsikanpenerapan model pembelajarankooperatiftipeNumber Heads Together (NHT)dalammeningkatkanhasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKnkelas VISDN 101 Kec. Suppa Kab. Pinrang.Penelitianinimenggunakanpendekatankualitatifdenganjenispenelitianyaknipenelitiantindakankelas yang dilaksanakan 2 siklus. Tiapsiklusnyadilaksanakan 2 kali pertemuandengantahapan: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasidanrefleksi. Fokuspenelitianyaknipenggunaan model pembelajarankooperatiftipeNumber Heads Together (NHT)danhasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKn. Penelitiandilaksanakan di SDN 101 Kec. Suppa Kab. Pinrang.Subjekpenelitianyakni guru dan 14 siswa yang terdiriatas5siswa laki-laki dan 9siswa perempuan.Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakanyakniteknikobservasi, tesdandokumentasi.HasilpenelitianmenunjukkanbahwameningkatnyahasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKndarikategoricukup (C) padasiklus I menjadikategoribaik (B) padasiklus II.Dengandemikian, penerapan model pembelajarankooperatiftipeNumber Heads Together (NHT) dapatmeningkatkanhasilbelajarsiswapadamatapelajaranPKnkelas VISDN 101 Kec. Suppa Kab. Pinrang.
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Clowers, Michael J., Cody Chou, Bo Yuan, Walter V. Velasco, Melody Zarghooni, Stephen Peng, T. Kris Eckols, Humam Kadara, David J. Tweardy, and Seyed Javad Moghaddam. "Abstract 2095: Selective inhibition of the STAT3 pathway suppresses K-ras mutant lung tumorigenesis." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 2095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2095.
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Abstract K-ras mutant lung adenocarcinoma (KM-LUAD) is a difficult-to-drug cancer subtype characterized by a chronic inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Resistance to therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), necessitates therapies that target this inflammatory TME. A major transcription factor that mediates chronic inflammation in KM-LUAD is signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Inhibiting STAT3 may attenuate pro-tumor inflammation. Moreover, STAT3 modulates PD-L1 transcription, so STAT3 inhibitors in conjunction with ICB may increase ICB response rates. Here, we tested the anti-tumor ability of TTI-101, a selective STAT3 inhibitor, in a STAT3 addicted lung cancer cell line (MDA-F471) and in a transgenic mouse model of KM-LUAD (CCSPCre/LSL-KrasG12D, CC-LR). For in vivo experiments, CC-LR mice were treated daily with 50 mg/kg TTI-101 by oral gavage from 10 to 14 weeks of age to model a preventative regimen or from 14 to 18 weeks of age to survey the treatment effect on established tumors. TTI-101 was compared to anti-PD-1 ICB, with 200 μg injected intraperitoneally 3 times per week. In MDA-F471 cells, TTI-101 treatment decreased cell viability, with an IC50 of ~ 20 μM. In mice treated from 10 to 14 weeks of age, TTI-101 therapy significantly reduced the tumor burden compared to ICB. TTI-101 also reduced the number of proliferating cells within tumors. Mice in the 14-18-week group displayed similar trends, but these experiments are ongoing, as are combination TTI-101 and ICB treatment regimens. Our studies show that TTI-101 can reduce K-ras driven tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, suggesting STAT3 inhibition as an alternative preventive and therapeutic modality for KM-LUAD. The ongoing combination treatments and the 14-18-week cohorts will elucidate the timing of treatments as well as reveal if by targeting the inflammatory TME we are able to improve response to ICB. Funded by: R01 grant from NIH/NCI (R01CA225977) Citation Format: Michael J. Clowers, Cody Chou, Bo Yuan, Walter V. Velasco, Melody Zarghooni, Stephen Peng, T Kris Eckols, Humam Kadara, David J. Tweardy, Seyed Javad Moghaddam. Selective inhibition of the STAT3 pathway suppresses K-ras mutant lung tumorigenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2095.
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Frayne, J., G. F. Sterrett, J. Harvey, P. Goodwin, J. Townsend, D. Ingram, and R. W. Parsons. "STEREOTACTIC 14 GAUGE CORE-BIOPSY OF THE BREAST: RESULTS FROM 101 PATIENTS." ANZ Journal of Surgery 66, no. 9 (September 1996): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1996.tb00824.x.
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Kim, Seon-Kyu, and Dong-Yong Choi. "ROOTSTOCK/SCION COMPATIBILITY IN GRAPEVINE NURSERY PRODUCTION." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 601e—601. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.601e.
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All possible grafting combinations of seven roostock s and six scion cultivars were made to evaluate the rootstock/scion compatibility in grapevine nursery production. Percentage of takes was variable from 20.5%(Uni Blanc/161-49 C.) to 87.3%(K 188-2/161-49 C). Among scion cultivars, mean percentage of takes varied from 82.5%(K 188-2) to 37.5%(Ugni Blanc) while roostocks with all scion cultivars varied from 69.9%(R 110) to 52.8%(101-14 Mgt.), indicating the greater effects of scion on percentage of takes. Variation in rooting index(0: none to 4:profuse rooting scale) was from 3.48(SV 5276/Rip. Gloire). 3.49(Neo Muscat/101-14 Mgt.) to 1.63(SV 5276/161-49 C). Mean rooting index of rootstocks with all scion cultivars varied from 3.10(101-14 Mgt.) to 1.95(161-49 C.) while that of scion cultivars varied from 3.07(SV 5276) to 2.44(Ugni Blanc). In rooted grafting, rootstock had a greater effect than scion cultivars.
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Lazar, Hedvika, Michael P. Horn, Adrian W. Zuercher, Martin A. Imboden, Peter Durrer, Michael Seiberling, Rolf Pokorny, Christophe Hammer, and Alois B. Lang. "Pharmacokinetics and Safety Profile of the Human Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa Serotype O11 Immunoglobulin M Monoclonal Antibody KBPA-101 in Healthy Volunteers." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 8 (August 2009): 3442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01699-08.
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ABSTRACT KBPA-101 is a human monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin M isotype, which is directed against the O-polysaccharide moiety of Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O11. This double-blind, dose escalation study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of KBPA-101 in 32 healthy volunteers aged 19 to 46 years. Each subject received a single intravenous infusion of KBPA-101 at a dose of 0.1, 0.4, 1.2, or 4 mg/kg of body weight or placebo infused over 2 h. Plasma samples for pharmacokinetic assessments were taken before infusion as well as 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h and 4, 7, 10, and 14 days after start of dosing. Plasma concentrations of KBPA-101 were detected with mean maximum concentrations of drug in plasma of 1,877, 7,571, 24,923, and 83,197 ng/ml following doses of 0.1, 0.4, 1.2, and 4.0 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The mean elimination half-life was between 70 and 95 h. The mean volume of distribution was between 4.76 and 5.47 liters. Clearance ranged between 0.039 and 0.120 liters/h. At the highest dose of 4.0 mg/kg, plasma KBPA-101 levels were greater than 5,000 ng/ml for 14 days. KBPA-101 exhibited linear kinetics across all doses. No anti-KBPA-101 antibodies were detected after dosing in any subject. Overall, the human monoclonal antibody KBPA-101 was well tolerated over the entire dose range in healthy volunteers, and no serious adverse events have been reported.
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Majumder, Abdullah Al Shafi. "Hypertension in Geriatric Population." Cardiovascular Journal 14, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v14i2.58773.
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Morikawa, Mamoru, Takashi Yamada, Takahiro Yamada, Shoji Sato, and Hisanori Minakami. "Prospective Risk of Intrauterine Fetal Death in Monoamniotic Twin Pregnancies." Twin Research and Human Genetics 15, no. 4 (July 5, 2012): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.30.
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This study was conducted to review the overall short-term outcome of monoamniotic twins in Japan and to determine the prospective risk of fetal death so as to adequately counsel parents with monoamniotic twins. Study subjects were 101 women with monoamniotic twins who were registered with the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Successive Pregnancy Birth Registry System and who had given birth at ≥22 weeks of gestation during 2002–2009. The gestational week at delivery (mean ± SD) was 31.8 ± 3.7. Fourteen women experienced intrauterine fetal death (IUFD). Short-term outcomes of co-twins born to the 14 women included 8 IUFDs, one early neonatal death within 7 days of life (END), and 5 survivors. Four other women experienced 5 ENDs. Thus, 13.9% (28/202) of infants died perinatally (22 IUFDs and 6 ENDs), 13.9% (14/101) of women experienced IUFD, and 82.2% (83/101) of women experienced neither IUFD nor END. Structural anomalies and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome explained 17.9% (five infants) and 10.7% (three infants) of the 28 perinatal deaths, respectively. The prospective risk of IUFD was 13.9% (14/101) for women who reached gestational week 22−0/7, gradually decreasing thereafter but remaining at between 4.5% and 8.0% between gestational week 30−0/7 and 36−0/7.
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Jones, E. E., D. S. Brown, C. M. Bleach, B. Pathrose, C. Barclay, M. V. Jaspers, and H. J. Ridgway. "First Report of Cylindrocladiella parva as a Grapevine Pathogen in New Zealand." Plant Disease 96, no. 1 (January 2012): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0347.
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Isolates morphologically identified as Cylindrocladiella parva were isolated from characteristic black foot symptoms on a grapevine (Vitis vinifera) rooted on 101-14 rootstock from Central Otago in 2005 and 101-14 rootstocks from a nursery in the Auckland Region in 2007 and 2008. On potato dextrose agar, the isolates initially produced cottony, white mycelia that turned grayish cream or golden cream within 10 days, the initially tawny colony undersides becoming dark brown with age. Conidia (0 to 1 septate; 16.4 to 17.0 [16.7] × 2.3 to 2.6 [2.5] μm) and abundant chlamydospores were produced. To confirm identity of the isolates, genomic DNA was extracted and the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and β-tubulin gene were amplified and sequenced (3,4). Sequences of the PCR products were compared with sequences in GenBank. The rDNA (535 bp) and β-tubulin (297 bp) sequences of the four isolates were 100 and 99% identical, respectively, to reported sequences of C. parva in GenBank (AY793454, grapevine isolate (4)/AY793455 for rDNA; AY793486/AY793488, grapevine isolate (4)/AY793489/HM034822 for β-tubulin). Although C. parva was previously isolated from grapevines in New Zealand (2) and rootstocks of mature grapevines, cuttings, and graft unions of grafted young grapevines in South Africa (4), its role as a pathogen of Vitis spp. has not been confirmed (2,4). However, it has been reported as a pathogen of Eucalyptus spp. (1) and was also isolated from Telopea speciosissima and Macadamia integrifolia in New Zealand (2,4). The C. parva isolates were tested as a mixed inoculum (four isolates) for pathogenicity on roots of 10 grapevine rootstock plants each of cvs. 101-14 and Schwarzmann (Sch). The rootstocks were grown in potting mix for 4 months, after which the root systems of all vines were wounded with an asparagus knife with a sharp, square tip, driven vertically down into the soil at four equidistant locations approximately 8 cm from the trunk. Each plant was inoculated with 50 ml of the mixed-isolate conidial suspension (106/ml), or 50 ml water (controls), followed by 50 ml of water. After 7 months of growth, the plants were harvested. For C. parva-inoculated plants, internal blackening of the stem base tissue was observed. Isolations from surface-sterilized trunk bases recovered C. parva from four and nine plants of 101-14 and Sch, respectively, with C. parva infections in 25 and 48%, respectively, of the four wood pieces taken per plant. Plants inoculated with water had no blackening and no C. parva was isolated from their stem bases. Mean shoot dry weights of inoculated plants (17.9 and 15.0 g for 101-14 and Sch, respectively) were significantly lower (P = 0.035) than noninoculated controls (26.5 and 20.0 g for 101-14 and Sch, respectively). Mean root dry weights were reduced by C. parva inoculation, although not significantly (32.7 and 27.0 g for C. parva inoculated 101-14 and Sch, respectively, and 36.2 and 27.4 g for control 101-14 and Sch, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. parva as a pathogen of grapevines (2,4) and suggests that along with Cylindrocarpon spp., C. parva is part of the pathogen complex responsible for black foot of grapevines. References: (1) P. W. Crous et al. Plant Pathol. 42:302, 1993. (2) P. D. Gadgil et al. Fungi on Trees and Shrubs in New Zealand. Fungal Diversity Press, Hong Kong, 2005. (3) N. L. Glass and G. C. Donaldson. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1323, 1995. (4) G. J. van Coller et al. Australas. Plant Pathol. 34:489, 2005.
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Loureiro, María Dolores, Paula Moreno-Sanz, and Belén Suárez. "Evaluation of rootstocks for the ‘Verdejo Negro’ cultivar." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 35, no. 2 (2020): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ctv/20203502120.
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Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation in Asturias (Northwestern Spain) was on the brink of extinction in the last century. Nevertheless, the present century is witnessing its rebound as a consequence of the recognition of the Cangas Wine Designation of Origin. The long period of abandonment has resulted in a lack of information about the most suitable rootstocks for the attainment of optimal quality. In this study, the agronomical and oenological parameters of the ‘Verdejo Negro’ cultivar grafted on three rootstocks (‘196-17 C’, ‘101-14 MG’ and ‘3309 C’) were studied. Three repetitions of ten vines for each rootstock were disposed in a completely randomized design. Agronomical (phenology, yield, pruning weight and Ravaz index) and enological (berry, must and wine composition) parameters were measured, and the elaborated wines were sensorially evaluated. Concerning phenology, the ‘101-14 MG’ rootstock advanced the veraison in the last two years of the study. The year significantly influenced many of the agronomical and enological parameters, whereas the rootstock only affected the Weaver index, which was higher for the ‘101-14 MG’ rootstock, indicating a more advanced maturation with this rootstock, and at the wine volatile acidity, higher for ‘3309 C’ wines. When the wines of ‘Verdejo Negro’ grafted on the three studied rootstocks were sensorially evaluated, few differences were found. Wines from ‘101-14 MG’ scored slightly better for nose parameters, although the overall judgment was very similar for all the wines. Considering the small effect of the rootstocks on the wines of ‘Verdejo Negro’, there is no clear recommendation at present. But it is important to take into account the effects of climate change, since the advance of maturation induced by the ‘101-14 MG’ rootstock may hinder the production of balanced wines of the ‘Verdejo Negro’ cultivar in the future. The predicted earlier ripening may lead to grapes with excessive sugar level, low acidity and a decoupling of phenolic and technological maturity.
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Phillips, Nathan, Andrew Reynolds, and Frederick Di Profio. "Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations in Dormant Grapevine Scionwood and Rootstock Impact Propagation Success and Vine Growth." HortTechnology 25, no. 4 (August 2015): 536–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.25.4.536.
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Objectives of this study were to quantify starch and soluble sugar concentrations in wine grape (Vitis sp.) scionwood and rootstock material, and to examine relationships between carbohydrate (CHO) metrics and both grafting success and shoot growth. CHOs of three wine grape scionwood cultivars [Merlot and Riesling (Vitis vinifera) and Vidal blanc (Vitis sp.)] harvested from four separate vineyards in the Niagara Peninsula in Ontario were analyzed for starch, total CHOs, total sugars, sucrose, monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), and oligosaccharides (raffinose, stachyose) to determine if CHO differences existed between scionwood cultivar and site, and whether these impacted propagation success when grafted to two different rootstocks [‘3309 Couderc’ (3309) and ‘101-14 Millardet et de Grasset’ (101-14) (V. riparia × V. rupestris)]. Differences in CHOs existed between vineyards for all cultivars, and their relationship with propagation success was most evident with ‘Vidal blanc’. Differences were also observed between sites for some cultivars in terms of grafting success and shoot length of grafted vines. Hot water treatment (HWT) of rootstock increased total sugars, glucose, fructose, and stachyose in 3309, and led to lower starch, total CHOs, and higher sucrose in 101-14 when measured immediately following HWT. At time of grafting, HWT 3309 had lower starch sucrose and raffinose, and higher glucose, fructose, and total sugars compared with non-HWT material, whereas HWT 101-14 contained lower total sugars, raffinose, and sucrose and higher stachyose and glucose. Stachyose, raffinose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and total sugars in scionwood at time of grafting were correlated with propagation success. However, CHOs at time of scionwood collection in February did not correlate to successful propagation. Relationships between scion viability of all cultivars vs. stachyose and total sugars for both rootstocks suggested a possible relationship between these CHO metrics and propagation success. Differences likewise existed between propagation success on rootstocks 3309 and 101-14 on most occasions with 3309 displaying higher percent scion viability and shoot growth. This may be of particular importance in grafting difficult-to-propagate rootstock cultivars.
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Kana, Pulak Kumar, Tapan Das Bairagya, Ira Das, and Surajit Chatterjee. "Barium Sulfate Aspiration mimicking Tracheo-esophageal Fistula in a 82 years Aged Man." Journal of Medicine 14, no. 1 (April 17, 2013): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i1.14625.
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Turmina, A. G., A. P. F. Lima, S. C. Uber, L. Rufato, A. R. Rufato, and A. F. Fagherazzi. "Different inductors for rooting vine rootstocks ‘Paulsen 1103’, ‘R-99’ and ‘101-14’." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1157 (April 2017): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1157.60.
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Grundey, Dainora. "APPLYING SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLES IN THE ECONOMY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2008): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-8619.2008.14.101-106.
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Zhang, Ling, Wenkuan Liu, Donglan Liu, Dehui Chen, Weiping Tan, Shuyan Qiu, Duo Xu, Xiao Li, Tiantian Liu, and Rong Zhou. "Epidemiological and clinical features of human metapneumovirus in hospitalised paediatric patients with acute respiratory illness: a cross-sectional study in Southern China, from 2013 to 2016." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e019308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019308.
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ObjectivesHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is one of the most important respiratory viral pathogens affecting infants and children worldwide. Our study describes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HMPV present in patients hospitalised with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Guangzhou, Southern China.Study designA cross-sectional study.SettingTwo tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou.Participants and methodsThroat swabs were collected over a 3-year period from 5133 paediatric patients (≤14 years) hospitalised with ARI. Patients who are HMPV positive with clinical presentations (101/103) were recorded for further analysis.ResultsOf the 5133 patients included in the study, 103 (2.0%) were positive for HMPV. HMPV was more prevalent in children ≤5 years (2.2%, 98/4399) compared with older children (>5–14 years) (0.7%, 5/734) (P=0.004). Two seasonal HMPV peaks were observed each year and mainly occurred in spring and early summer. Overall, 18.4% (19/103) of patients who are HMPV positive were codetected with other pathogens, most frequently respiratory syncytial virus (36.8%, 7/19). Patients who are HMPV positive presented with a wide spectrum of clinical features, including cough (100.0%, 101/101), abnormal pulmonary breath sound (91.1%, 92/101), fever (88.1%, 89/101), expectoration (77.2%, 78/101), coryza (50.5%, 51/101) and wheezing (46.5%, 47/101). The main diagnosis of patients who are HMPV positive was bronchopneumonia (66.7%, 56/84). Fever (≥38˚C) (91.6%, 76/83) was detected more often in patients with only HMPV detected than in patients with HMPV plus other pathogen(s) detected (72.2%, 13/18) (P=0.037), whereas diarrhoea was more common in patients with HMPV plus other pathogen(s) detected (22.2%, 4/18), compared with patients with HMPV only (3.6%, 3/83) (P=0.018).ConclusionsHMPV is an important respiratory pathogen in children with ARI in Guangzhou, particularly in children ≤5 years old. HMPV has a seasonal variation. Bronchopneumonia is a major diagnosis in patients who are HMPV positive.
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Magunacelaya, J. C., R. Mancilla, and S. González-Bernal. "Reduced Meloidogyne ethiopica Parasitism in Vitis vinifera Grafted on Six Resistant Rootstocks Under Field and Greenhouse Conditions." Plant Disease 101, no. 6 (June 2017): 924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-16-1162-re.
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Meloidogyne ethiopica, an aggressive nematode, causes significant economic losses to Vitis crops. Rootstocks can successfully manage phytoparasitic nematodes. However, no studies exist on M. ethiopica-resistant rootstocks under field conditions. This study assessed the resistance of six Vitis rootstocks to M. ethiopica under field and greenhouse conditions. The number of galls and eggs in vine roots, quantity of second stage juveniles and males in 250 ml of soil, root weight, and shoot weight were determined for the Harmony, SO4, 101-14 MG, 110R, 3309C, and Kober 5BB rootstocks, and the own-root Chardonnay variety as a control. In the field, Harmony, SO4, 101-14 MG, Kober 5BB, and 110R were highly resistant to nematode parasitism and reproduction. In turn, 3309C was the least resistant rootstock. In the greenhouse, all rootstocks similarly limited M. ethiopica attack and reproduction. In both conditions, Chardonnay was the most susceptible vine to nematode attack, with high quantities of galls, eggs, and nematode reproduction. In conclusion, most of the evaluated rootstocks reduced M. ethiopica parasitism. Harmony, SO4, 101-14 MG, 110R, and Kober 5BB rootstocks are options for vineyard use, with final selection dependent on winegrower requirements.
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Spring, Jean-Laurent, Vivian Zufferey, Thibaut Verdenal, and Olivier Viret. "Influence of the rootstock on the behavior of Pi-not noir under the conditions of the central Valais." Trends in Horticulture 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/th.v2i1.1777.
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The agronomic and oenological behavior of the Pinot noir grape variety was studied in relation to different rootstocks on the Agroscope estate in Leytron (VS): 3309 C, 5 BB, Fercal, 41 BMGt, Riparia Gloire, 420 AMGt, 101-14 MGt and 161-49 C. Rootstock primarily influenced vigor, speed of vine establishment, and mineral nutrition of the graft. Riparia Gloire, 41 BMGt, 420 AMGt and 161-49 C rootstocks were less vigorous and, for the last three, induced a lower nitrogen and potassium supply leading to the production of slightly more acidic wines. The less vigorous rootstocks and 101-14 MGt were slightly more sensitive to water stress.
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Verawati, Kencana, and Nurul Falah. "ANALISIS RISIKO KESELAMATAN PEKERJA PT. DAISY MUTIARA SAMUDRA DI DERMAGA 101 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC." LOGISTIK 14, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/logistik.v14i1.20499.
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Analisis risiko keselamatan pekerja PT. Daisy Mutiara Samudra di Dermaga 101 dengan menggunakan metode HIRARC, HIRARC merupakan alat atau metode untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai, dan mengendalikan bahaya berdasarkan kegiatan di setiap tempat kerja Hasil identifikasi bahaya yang dilakukan di 3 tempat di dermaga 101 – 102 terdapat 14 bahaya yang berkaitan dengan keselamatan pekerja. Dari hasil identifikasi faktor terjadinya bahaya terdapat 3 faktor yaitu faktor makanis, faktor fasilitas, faktor manusia. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian resiko, diketahui presentase tertinggi tingkat risiko di dermaga 101 adalah risiko sedang, yaitu sebesar 58%. Mengatasi risiko tersebut adalah penambahan fasilitas dan perbaikan sistem manajemen pekerja.
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Swiderek, Kristine, Stacey Dillon, John Moore, Susan Bort, Sherri Mudri, Katherine Lewis, Mark Rixon, Janhavi Bhandari, and Stanford Peng. "P156 ALPN-101, A FIRST-IN-CLASS DUAL ICOS/CD28 ANTAGONIST, DEMONSTRATES EFFICACY IN PATIENT-DERIVED PBMC IN VITRO AND IN AN IN VIVO T CELL TRANSFER MODEL OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD)." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/zaa010.009.
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Abstract Background T cell costimulation has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, yet CD28 costimulatory pathway inhibitors (e.g. abatacept, CTLA4-Fc) have not proven clinically efficacious, implicating an alternative costimulatory pathway. ICOS is a costimulatory receptor highly related to CD28, upregulated upon T cell activation and mediating costimulatory signals in post-activation T cells - suggesting ICOS may be more relevant in active disease. In contrast, CD28 predominates in naïve T cells and is less critical in activated, effector and/or memory T cells. ALPN-101 is an Fc fusion protein of a human inducible T cell costimulator ligand (ICOSL) variant immunoglobulin domain (vIgDTM) engineered to inhibit simultaneously the CD28 and ICOS pathways. It has been shown to have potent in vitro immunosuppressive activity and in vivo efficacy in models of disease for which implication of CD28 and ICOS has been reported (e.g. aGvHD, inflammatory arthritis, Sjögren’s, lupus, MS). Its safety, tolerability, and dose-dependent pharmacokinetics/dynamics are under study in a Ph1 healthy volunteer study. Here, we evaluate ALPN-101 in vitro using PBMC from Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis patients demonstrating superior suppression of T cell activation and cytokine release and show its efficacy to both prevent and treat disease in a mouse T cell transfer model of chronic colitis. Methods Primary cell assays were performed with PBMC stimulated with K562 cells (CD80+, CD86+, ICOSL+, anti-CD3 (OKT3) +) to evaluate suppression of cytokine release and compare to single pathway inhibition. ALPN-101 was assessed in the CD4+CD45RBhigh T cell-induced colitis model either singly dosed on Day 0 or 14 or repeat dosed 2x/week starting at Day 0 or 14 through Day 41, respectively. Serum cytokine and flow analysis of blood was performed throughout the study. Clinical presence of colitis was assessed using a disease activity index based on weight loss and stool consistency. At end of study, colons were measured and assessed histologically. Results ALPN-101 suppressed cytokine release (IFNγ, IL-2) from healthy or IBD patient PBMCs superior to single pathway inhibitors. In vivo, preventively or therapeutically, a single dose of ALPN-101 was efficacious to significantly improve multiple colitis readouts. Repeat dosing completely prevented onset of colitis. ALPN-101-treated mice gained weight and had colon weight-to-length ratios similar to the no-colitis cohort and demonstrated significant suppression of T cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNFα, IL-12/23, IL-6). Conclusion Dual pathway inhibitor ALPN-101 is superior to single pathway inhibition in human in vitro and mouse in vivo translational studies and may be a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of IBD. Clinical trials for ALPN-101 in multiple inflammatory diseases are planned and underway. Consistent with clinical findings, histological analysis confirms efficacy of ALPN-101 in reducing colitis. All ALPN-101 treated groups had lower histological scores compared to the Fc control treated group (B). Mice treated from Day 0 to the end of the study had no pathological colon findings (C), 4/12 mice treated from Day 14 to end of study had no signs of colitis (D). None of the mice in these groups had their muscularis layer of colon affected by inflammation. Mice treated with a single dose at day 0 or day 14 had milder colitis than Fc control-treated mice, although the differences were not statistically significant.
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Liu, Jing, Xiaomin Li, Pan Chen, Yutian Mi, and Jiandu Lei. "Metal Organic Framework-Encapsulated Phosphotungstic Acid: An Effective Catalyst for Highly Efficient Acetalization of Vanillin Propylene Glycol." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 958–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3768.
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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have exhibited potential for application as heterogeneous catalytic materials because they consist of empty space, which can be used for encapsulation. Encapsulation of H3PW12O40 (HPW) in MOFs, such as the fabrication of MIL-101, by direct synthesis method or impregnation has drawn significant interest. However, few researches have used MOFs as catalysts for acetalization. This study evaluates the use of HPW encapsulated in MIL-101(Cr) to make it a catalyst in the acetalization of vanillin propylene glycol. Samples fabricated using various techniques (encapsulation and impregnation) were characterized by SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, and FT-IR. The synthesis conditions of HPW@MIL-101 and their effects on vanillin conversion were examined. The reaction kinetics was also investigated under optimal conditions. Vanillin conversion showed that introducing HPW directly into MIL-101(Cr) during synthesis induced a 14% increase, compared with impregnation. The results indicated that HPW@MIL-101(Cr) is an effective method for vanillin propylene glycol acetal production and is reusable.
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Souza, Claudia Rita de, Ângela Maria Soares, and Murillo de Albuquerque Regina. "Trocas gasosas de mudas de videira, obtidas por dois porta-enxertos, submetidas à deficiência hídrica." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 36, no. 10 (October 2001): 1221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2001001000002.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da deficiência hídrica e de dois porta-enxertos nas trocas gasosas de mudas de videira cultivadas em vasos, nas condições de casa de vegetação. Utilizou-se como copa a 'Niágara Rosada' (Vitis labrusca), e como porta-enxertos, o 101-14 (V. riparia) e o 1103 Paulsen (V. rupestris x V. berlandieri). Doze dias após a suspensão da rega, o potencial hídrico foliar da combinação 'Niágara Rosada'/101-14 apresentou os menores valores (-2,80 MPa) em relação à 'Niágara Rosada'/1103 Paulsen (-2,10 MPa) nas plantas não-irrigadas, enquanto o teor relativo de água variou apenas entre os tratamentos hídricos. Com a evolução do estresse hídrico, houve uma sensível redução nas trocas gasosas da cultivar 'Niágara Rosada', que apresentaram valores próximos de zero, devido ao fechamento dos estômatos, sem diferenças entre os porta-enxertos. Somente após 12 dias sem rega, os porta-enxertos influenciaram a eficiência no uso da água e eficiência fotoquímica do fotossistema II, onde a 'Niágara Rosada' enxertada sobre o 101-14 apresentou valores inferiores ao 1103 Paulsen. Entretanto, durante o período de suspensão da rega, os porta-enxertos não influenciaram as trocas gasosas da cultivar 'Niágara Rosada', e apresentaram comportamento semelhante em condições de baixa disponibilidade hídrica.
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Wang, Yu, Wei-Kai Chen, Xiao-Tong Gao, Lei He, Xiao-Hui Yang, Fei He, Chang-Qing Duan, and Jun Wang. "Rootstock-Mediated Effects on Cabernet Sauvignon Performance: Vine Growth, Berry Ripening, Flavonoids, and Aromatic Profiles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 2 (January 18, 2019): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020401.
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Rootstocks are widely used in viticulture due to their resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Additionally, rootstocks can affect vine growth and berry quality. This study evaluated the effects of eight rootstocks (101-14, 110R, 5A, 5BB, Ganzin 1, Harmony, Riparia Gloire, and SO4) on the vine growth, berry ripening, and flavonoids and aromatic profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon in two consecutive seasons (2015–2016). With few exceptions, minor differences were observed among grafted and own-rooted vines. Own-rooted vines produced the least pruning weight but the highest yield. 101-14, 5BB, and SO4 slightly reduced total soluble solids, but increased acidity, showing tendencies for retarding maturation. Ganzin 1 inhibited the accumulation of flavan-3-ols in berry skins. Furthermore, concentrations and proportions of epicatechin-3-O-galate were decreased by rootstocks, except for 110R. 5A, Harmony, and Riparia Gloire enhanced flavonol concentrations. SO4 slightly decreased most of the individual anthocyanin concentrations. With respect to volatile compounds, 110R, Riparia Gloire, and SO4 induced reductions in concentrations of total esters, whilst 101-14, Ganzin 1, 110R, and 5BB led to increases in the concentrations of C13-norisoprenoids. Therefore, with respect to the negative effects of SO4 on berry ripening and the accumulation of anthocyanin and volatile esters, SO4 is not recommended in practice.
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Uckun, Fatih, Sanjive Qazi, David Nam, Larn Hwang, and Vuong Trieu. "ATIM-06. TREATMENT OF RECURRENT/REFRACTORY (R/R) ANAPLASTIC ASTROCYTOMA (AA, WHO GRADE 3) PATIENTS WITH ANTI-TGFß2 RNA THERAPEUTIC OT-101 VERSUS TEMOZOLOMIDE IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED OVERALL SURVIVAL." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.006.
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Abstract BACKGROUND OT-101 is a first-in-class RNA therapeutic designed to disrupt the immunosuppressive action of TGFß2. During Phase 1 clinical trials, OT-101 induced partial responses in R/R AA patients. We now report our clinical results from a randomized Phase IIB study (NCT00431561) that further evaluated its single agent activity in R/R AA patients in side-by-side comparison with the standard chemotherapy drug temozolomide (TMZ). METHODS OT-101 was administered via high-flow microperfusion with an intratumoral catheter using a convection enhanced delivery (CED) system. 26 AA patients (12: 2.5 mg/cycle; 14: 19.8 mg/cycle) received 7-day cycles of OT-101 every other week via continuous infusion for 4–11 cycles. Response determinations were based on central review of MRI scans by an independent review committee according to standard as well as modified McDonald criteria. 11 patients in the active control arm were treated with TMZ (150–200 mg/m2, 5 days/28-day cycles x up to 6 treatment cycles). Standard statistical methods were applied for the analysis of data. RESULTS 14 of 26 patients (53.8%) treated with 4–11 cycles of OT-101 had either a CR (N=2) or PR (N=12) as their best overall response. The average time until 99% reduction of their tumor volumes ranged from 9.9 to 115.4 (median: 23.7) months. In contrast, only 1 of 10 evaluable patients (10%) treated with TMZ achieved an objective response which was a PR (Fisher’s exact test, 2-tailed, P-value = 0.0002). The median overall survival (OS) was 1154 days (95% CI: 811 - >1743) for the OT-101 group and 590 days (95% CI: 287 - >1137) days for the TMZ group (Log Rank Chi Square = 7.55, P-value = 0.006). CONCLUSION Our results confirm and extend previous studies and provide early evidence that the anti-TGFß2 RNA therapeutic OT-101 is at least as active as TMZ in salvage therapy of R/R AA patients.
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Du, Pham Dinh, Huynh Thi Minh Thanh, Thuy Chau To, Ho Sy Thang, Mai Xuan Tinh, Tran Ngoc Tuyen, Tran Thai Hoa, and Dinh Quang Khieu. "Metal-Organic Framework MIL-101: Synthesis and Photocatalytic Degradation of Remazol Black B Dye." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (May 14, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6061275.
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In the present paper, the synthesis of metal-organic framework MIL-101 and its application in the photocatalytic degradation of Remazol Black B (RBB) dye have been demonstrated. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at 77 K. It was found that MIL-101 synthesized under optimal conditions exhibited high crystallinity and specific surface area (3360 m2·g-1). The obtained MIL-101 possessed high stability in water for 14 days and several solvents (benzene, ethanol, and water at boiling temperature). Its catalytic activities were evaluated by measuring the degradation of RBB in an aqueous solution under UV radiation. The findings show that MIL-101 was a heterogeneous photocatalyst in the degradation reaction of RBB. The mechanism of photocatalysis was considered to be achieved by the electron transfer from photoexcited organic ligands to metallic clusters in MIL-101. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation reaction were analyzed by using the initial rate method and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The MIL-101 photocatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic recyclability and stability and can be a potential catalyst for the treatment of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions.
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Trieu, Vuong. "DDEL-16. DELIVERY OF OT-101 - TGF-Β ANTISENSE- FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.362.
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Abstract OT-101 - a TGF-beta antisense- is active against recurrent glioblastoma in G004- a phase 2 clinical trial [Uckun FM, Qazi S, Hwang L, Trieu VN. Recurrent or refractory high grade gliomas treated by convection enhanced delivery of a TGF-beta2 targeting RNA therapeutic: a post-hoc analysis with long-term follow up. Cancers. 2019, 11:1892]. OT-101 was delivered intratumorally by Convection Enhanced Delivery (CED). To further expand the application of OT-101, we explored the intrathecal delivery of tritiated OT-101 into Sprague-Dawley CD (albino) rats. Throughout the studies, there were no sex differences. After 1 hr intracerebral infusion in rats, OT-101 was limited to the infusion site. Whereas for the 1 hr itravesicular infusion, OT-101 was more widespread with 35X, 19X, 12X higher concentration found in cerebellum, remaining cerebrum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), respectively. OT-101 concentration was stable for the first 4 hours post infusion and decayed biexponentially with a slow terminal half life for tissue but not for CSF, suggestive of rapid penetration of the underlying tissue away from the CSF compartment. Minimum amount of OT-101 was detected in the plasma compartment. Intrathecal bolus administration of 0.1mL of OT-101 at 14, 30, 200, 300, and 500 uM into cynomolgus monkies did not result in any single dose toxicity. Histopathology examination revealed no substance-related histomorphological lesions in the cavum subarachnoideale of the lumbar region. No changes were noted in the grey and white matter of the spinal cord, the nerve trunk, and nerve cells did not show any abnormalities. These data suggest that intrathecal administration of OT-101 is a potentially effective delivery route for antisense therapeutics such as OT-101 to the midline ie. for Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG). A phase 1b/2 clinical trial evaluating OT-101 against DMG is proposed and the trial design will be presented
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Spalinger, Marianne R., Romain Wyss, Sara Vidal, Yong Miao, Michael Scharl, and Yemi Adesokan. "Abstract 5600: Glycopeptides promote anti-cancer immune response against solid tumors." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5600.
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Abstract Only a fraction of patients benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Tumor cells exhibit a distinct glycosylation pattern and supplementation of glycans has the potential to promote response and overcome resistance to ICI, thus addressing an urgent clinical need. Using a subcutaneous tumor mouse model, we investigated whether two glycopeptide-based test items reduce tumor burden when orally administered alone or in combination with ICI. C57/BL6 mice were supplemented with 3% GNU-201 (n=10) or 3% GNU-101 (n=10) in the drinking water starting 14 days prior to tumor cell injection (d-14), while control mice (n=10) received normal drinking water. On day 0, all mice were injected subcutaneously with YUMM1.7 melanoma cells in each flank. On days 6, 9 and 12, mice in each group received anti-PD1 antibody or an isotype control. Tumor size was measured every 3rd day. On day 15, the mice were sacrificed to analyze tumor weight and tumor infiltrating immune cells. 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal samples was performed on days -14, 0 and 14. GNU-201 and GNU-101 supplementation was well tolerated, no difference in water consumption and no abnormal behavior were detected that would indicate adverse effects of the products. While anti-PD1 on its own had no effect on tumor growth, we observed reduced tumor growth in the GNU-201+anti-PD1, GNU-101 and GNU-101+anti-PD1-treated groups, resulting in a significantly reduced tumor volume in these three groups on day 15. Administration of the two test items had a clear effect on anti-tumor T cell responses. In combination with anti-PD1, GNU-201 promoted the overall abundance of T cells, and among those the proportion of CD8+ T cells and IFNγ producing CD4+ T cells. Even in absence of anti-PD1, GNU-201 promoted the number of IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells, indicating that GNU-201 did not only promote tumor infiltration but also activation of CD8+ T cells, which are known to directly kill tumor cells. Finally, GNU-201+anti-PD1 resulted in significantly increased levels of Perforin and TNFα producing CD8+ T cells. With GNU-101 there was a trend towards elevated numbers of T cells and TNFα+ CD4 T cells. In mice that received GNU-101 with anti-PD1, we observed significantly elevated levels of TNFα+ CD8+ T cells and a trend towards higher numbers of IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells. GNU-201 and GNU-101 induced a significant modulation of the gut microbiota. In particular, the products promoted the growth of Akkermansia spp., a genus previously associated with anti-tumor immunity. In conclusion, GNU-201 and GNU-101 are both able to boost an anti-tumor immune response upon PD1 inhibition and GNU-101 shows moderate anti-tumor effects on its own. The response is linked with tumor-infiltration and activation of T cells and seems to be associated with changes in the gut microbiome. This study highlights a potential therapeutic role for glycopeptides in boosting anti-tumor immunity in response to ICI therapy. Citation Format: Marianne R. Spalinger, Romain Wyss, Sara Vidal, Yong Miao, Michael Scharl, Yemi Adesokan. Glycopeptides promote anti-cancer immune response against solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5600.
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Nardello, Izabel Camacho, André Luiz Kulkamp de Souza, Vinícius Caliari, and Marcelo Barbosa Malgarim. "Rootstock competition and planting spacing for cv. ‘VERMENTINO’ in an altitude region of Santa Catarina." Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 37, no. 2 (2022): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ctv/ctv20223702178.
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Rootstock adequacy and planting density are necessary for new grapevine varieties in new regions. The objective of this work was to select the rootstock that confers the best productive performance to the ‘Vermentino’ variety, and to adjust the ideal spacing for this combination. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 5x3 factorial scheme, in which the treatments studied consisted of the combination of five rootstocks (‘101-14 Mgt’, ‘Harmony’, ‘IAC 572’, ‘Paulsen 1103’, and ‘VR 043-43’) and three spacings between plants (1.0, 1.2 and 1.5 m). The phenological cycle of the plants and the productive and quality characteristics of the grapes were evaluated during 2018/19, 2019/20, and 2020/21 harvests. Bud break of ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘VR 043-43’ rootstocks occurred the latest in 2019/20 and 2020/21. ‘101-14 Mgt’ and ‘Paulsen 1103’ rootstocks induced the highest yields in 2019/20 and 2020/21. The 1.0 m spacing between plants provided the highest productivity in all seasons. Thus, it can be concluded that the ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘VR 043-43’ rootstocks delayed bud break and decreased phenological sub-periods. ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ‘101-14 Mgt’ rootstocks contributed to increase the productivity; the ‘IAC 572’ rootstock presented the lowest contribution to the polyphenols content and antioxidant activity, and the 1.0 m spacing between plants resulted in greater productivity of the vineyard.
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Farrar, Michelle, Kathryn J. Swoboda, Meredith Schultz, Hugh McMillan, Julie Parsons, Ian E. Alexander, Elaine Kernbauer, et al. "014 AVXS-101 gene-replacement therapy (GRT) in presymptomatic spinal muscular atrophy (SMA): study update." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (July 2019): A5.3—A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.14.
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IntroductionSMA is a neurodegenerative disease caused by biallelic deletion/mutation of the survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1). Copies of a similar gene (SMN2) modify disease severity. In a phase 1 study, SMN GRT onasemnogene abeparvovec (AVXS-101) improved outcomes of symptomatic SMA patients with two SMN2 copies (2xSMN2) dosed ≤6 months. Because motor neuron loss can be insidious and disease progression is rapid, early intervention is critical. This study evaluates AVXS-101 in presymptomatic SMA newborns.MethodsSPR1NT is a multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study (NCT03505099) enrolling ≥27 SMA patients with 2–3xSMN2. Asymptomatic infants ≤6 weeks receive a one-time intravenous AVXS-101 infusion (1.1×1014 vg/kg). Safety and efficacy are assessed through study end (18 [2xSMN2] or 24 months [3xSMN2]). Primary outcomes: independent sitting for ≥30 seconds (18 months [2xSMN2]) or assisted standing (24 months [3xSMN2]).ResultsFrom April–September 2018, 7 infants received AVXS-101 (4 female; 6 with 2xSMN2) at ages 8–37 days. Mean baseline Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP-INTEND) score was 41.7 (n=6), which increased by 6.8, 11.0, 18.0, and 22.5 points at day 14 (n=4), month 1 (n=3), 2 (n=3), and 3 (n=2). As of January 31, 2019, 15 asymptomatic infants have been enrolled in SPR1NT and dosed with AVXS-101. Updated data available at the time of the congress will be presented.ConclusionsPreliminary data from SPR1NT show rapid motor function improvements in presymptomatic SMA patients.
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Azzalini, Lorenzo, and Hung Q. Ly. "Laser Atherectomy for Balloon Failure in Chronic Total Occlusion." International Heart Journal 55, no. 6 (2014): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1536/ihj.14-101.
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Bird, Patrick, Kiel Fisher, Megan Boyle, Travis Huffman, M. Joseph Benzinger, Paige Bedinghaus, Jonathon Flannery, et al. "Evaluation of Modification of the 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay (MDA) Salmonella Method (2013.09) for the Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 97, no. 5 (September 1, 2014): 1329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.14-101.
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Abstract The 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay (MDA) Salmonella utilizes isothermal amplification of nucleic acid sequences with high specificity, efficiency, rapidity and bioluminescence to detect amplification of Salmonella spp. in food, food-related, and environmental samples after enrichment. A method modification and matrix extension study of the previously approved AOAC Official MethodSM 2013.09 was conducted, and approval of the modification was received on March 20, 2014. Using an unpaired study design in a multilaboratory collaborative study, the 3M MDA Salmonella method was compared to the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook (MLG) 4.05 (2011), Isolation and Identification of Salmonella from Meat, Poultry, Pasteurized Egg, and Catfish Products for raw ground beef and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Chapter 5, Salmonella reference method for wet dog food following the current AOAC guidelines. A total of 20 laboratories participated. For the 3M MDA Salmonella method, raw ground beef was analyzed using 25 g test portions, and wet dog food was analyzed using 375 g test portions. For the reference methods, 25 g test portions of each matrix were analyzed. Each matrix was artificially contaminated with Salmonella at three inoculation levels: an uninoculated control level (0 CFU/test portion), a low inoculum level (0.2–2 CFU/test portion), and a high inoculum level (2–5 CFU/test portion). In this study, 1512 unpaired replicate samples were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted according to the probability of detection (POD). For the low-level raw ground beef test portions, the following dLPOD (difference between the LPODs of the reference and candidate method) values with 95% confidence intervals were obtained: –0.01 (–0.14, +0.12). For the low-level wet dog food test portions, the following dLPOD with 95% confidence intervals were obtained: –0.04 (–0.16, +0.09). No significant differences were observed in the number of positive samples detected by the 3M MDA Salmonella method versus either the USDA/FSIS-MLG or FDA/BAM methods.
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Shepperd, Wayne D., Frederick W. Smith, and Kristen A. Pelz. "Group Clearfell Harvest Can Promote Regeneration of Aspen Forests Affected by Sudden Aspen Decline in Western Colorado." Forest Science 61, no. 5 (October 2, 2015): 932–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/forsci.14-101.
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Brown, Kristopher R., Kevin J. McGuire, W. Cully Hession, and W. Michael Aust. "Can the Water Erosion Prediction Project Model Be Used to Estimate Best Management Practice Effectiveness from Forest Roads?" Journal of Forestry 114, no. 1 (January 12, 2016): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/jof.14-101.
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Rassias, Themistocles. "Solved and Unsolved Problems." EMS Newsletter 2016-9, no. 101 (2016): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/news/101/14.
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Nishizawa, Toshihiro, Hidekazu Suzuki, Takanori Kanai, and Naohisa Yahagi. "Proton pump inhibitor alone vs proton pump inhibitor plus mucosal protective agents for endoscopic submucosal dissection-induced ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 56, no. 2 (2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.14-101.
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Posch, M., R. Tanase, K. Maisaia, A. Jucov, C. Geier, D. Hotson, O. Hamdy, et al. "P294 AMT-101, a gut selective oral IL-10 fusion: results from a Phase 1b study in patients with active Ulcerative Colitis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S324—S325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.418.
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Abstract Background IL-10 is a pleiotropic anti-inflammatory cytokine that restores mucosal homeostasis. Genetic deficiencies in IL-10 cause intestinal inflammation in mice and are associated with early onset IBD in humans. In mice, this can be reversed by addition of exogenous IL-10. Subcutaneous use of recombinant human IL-10 treatment in patients with Crohn’s Disease led to symptomatic and endoscopic improvement, but dose limiting systemic toxicity including anemia and thrombocytopenia was observed and appeared to be mediated by induction of gamma-interferon. AMT-101 is an oral, gut selective, fusion protein of IL-10 and a carrier protein that mediates transcytosis through intestinal enterocytes into the lamina propria (LP). Pre-clinical studies demonstrated that AMT-101 efficiently transits the epithelial cell barrier, targets mucosal immune cells in the LP, and results in improved colitis disease severity without systemic exposure. Methods A multiple ascending dose Ph1b POC trial was conducted in 16 patients with active UC where patients were randomized 3:1 to receive AMT-101 at doses of 1, 3, 10, or 30 mg or PBO, orally, once daily for 14 days. Primary and secondary outcome measures included safety and PK. Exploratory endpoints included changes in fecal calprotectin, histology, and stool microbiome. Results AMT-101 was safe and well tolerated; all AEs were mild to moderate and self limiting. No systemic toxicities associated with prior administration of IL-10 (e.g.anemia or thrombocytopenia) were observed. Systemic levels of AMT-101 were below limit of quantitation, given the GI restricted design. 1 mg and 3 mg AMT-101 led to placebo-adjusted mean reductions of FCP of 44% and 27%, respectively, in patients with baseline FCP>150 μg/g. Paired biopsy samples were centrally read in a blinded manner using the Geboes scoring system. Improvements were observed in 60% (6/10) of patients on AMT-101, compared with 0% (0/2) patients treated with placebo. Microbiome analyses revealed changes in phyla abundance in the 1mg and 3mg treatment cohorts (Bacteroidetes: 28.3% ± 31.4 to 51.3% ± 21.6; Firmicutes: 21.8% ± 12.7 to 30% ± 7.3), including Roseburia hominis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species. Conclusion The results of this Phase 1b study confirm that once daily, oral AMT-101 was safe and well tolerated without SAEs previously observed with systemic IL-10 and without systemic exposure, by design. Doses at 10 mg or less suggest potential clinical efficacy paired with an enhancement of favorable enteric commensal bacteria after only 14 days of treatment. These findings support AMT-101 as actively exerting an immunomodulatory effect in the intestinal lamina propria and support ongoing Ph2 trials of AMT-101.
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Bigal, Marcelo E., Rafael Escandon, Michele Bronson, Sarah Walter, Maria Sudworth, John P. Huggins, and Pamela Garzone. "Safety and tolerability of LBR-101, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of CGRP to its receptor: Results of the Phase 1 program." Cephalalgia 34, no. 7 (December 23, 2013): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102413517775.
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Background LBR-101 is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to calcitonin gene-related peptide. Objective The objective of this article is to characterize the safety and tolerability of LBR-101 when administered intravenously to healthy volunteers, by presenting the pooled results of the Phase 1 program. Methods LBR-101 was administered to 94 subjects, while 45 received placebo. Doses ranged from 0.2 mg to 2000 mg given once (Day 1), as a single IV infusion, or up to 300 mg given twice (Day 1 and Day 14). Results Subjects receiving placebo reported an average of 1.3 treatment-emerging adverse events vs 1.4 per subject among those receiving any dose of LBR-101, and 1.6 in those receiving 1000 mg or higher. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 21.2% of subjects receiving LBR-101, compared to 17.7% in those receiving placebo. LBR-101 was not associated with any clinically relevant patterns of change in vital signs, ECG parameters, or laboratory findings. The only serious adverse event consisted of “thoracic aortic aneurysm” in a participant later found to have an unreported history of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Conclusion Single IV doses of LBR-101 ranging from 0.2 mg up to 2000 mg and multiple IV doses up to 300 mg were well tolerated. Overt safety concerns have not emerged. A maximally tolerated dose has not been identified.
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Ben Fraj, Selma, Amira Miladi, Fatma Guezguez, Mohamed Ben Rejeb, Jihène Bouguila, Imen Gargouri, Sonia Rouatbi, Imed Latiri, and Helmi Ben Saad. "Does Ramadan Fasting Affect Spirometric Data of Healthy Adolescents?" Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics 13 (January 2019): 117955651986228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179556519862280.
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Purpose: Several studies raised the effects of Ramadan fasting on healthy adults spirometric data, but none was performed in children. The aim of this study was to compare the spirometric data of a group of faster adolescents (n = 26) with an age-matched non-faster one (n = 10). Methods: This comparative quasi-experimental study, including 36 healthy males aged 12 to 15 years, was conducted during the summer 2015 (Ramadan: June 18 to July 16). Three sessions (Before-Ramadan [Before-R], Mid-Ramadan [Mid-R], After-Ramadan [After-R]) were selected for spirometry measurements. Spirometry was performed around 5.5 to 3.5 h before sunset and the spirometric data were expressed as percentages of local spirometric norms. Results: The two groups of fasters and non-fasters had similar ages and weights (13.35 ± 0.79 vs 12.96 ± 0.45 years, 46.8 ± 9.2 vs 41.7 ± 12.6 kg, respectively). There was no effect of Ramadan fasting on forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow, and maximal mid-expiratory flow. For example, during the Before-R, Mid-R, and After-R sessions, there was no significant difference between the fasters and non-fasters mean FVC (101 ± 11 vs 99 ± 14, 101 ± 12 vs 102 ± 14, 103 ± 11 vs 104 ± 13, respectively) or FEV1 (101 ± 13 vs 96 ± 16, 98 ± 11 vs 97 ± 16, 101 ± 10 vs 98 ± 16, respectively). Conclusions: Ramadan fasting had no interaction effect with the spirometric data of Tunisian healthy male adolescents.
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Wheeler, A., D. Scott, T. Crowder, and P. Couroux. "EPS1.6 Safety and pharmacokinetics of 14-day dosing with SPX-101 in healthy human subjects." Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 16 (June 2017): S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30279-5.
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Sunitha, Sukumaran, and Christopher D. Rock. "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of TAS4 and MYBA7 loci in grapevine rootstock 101-14." Transgenic Research 29, no. 3 (April 23, 2020): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-020-00196-w.
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Manicum, Amanda-Lee, Hendrik G. Visser, Ilana Engelbrecht, and Andreas Roodt. "Crystal structure of fac-(acetylacetonato-κ2O,O')tricarbonyl(cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine- κP) rhenium(I), C26H28O5PRe." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 230, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2014-9013.
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Mphure, Lebohang Theodora, Hendrik G. Visser, Andreas Roodt, and Alice Brink. "Crystal structure of dichloro-N,N-bis(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)cyclohexamino copper(II), C18H23Cl2CuN3." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 230, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2014-9042.
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Liu, Jianxin. "Injury Prevention Effect of MRI Imaging Technology in Physical Education and Sports Training." Scanning 2022 (August 31, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9991523.
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In order to solve the problem of observing and analyzing the clinical value of MRI diagnosis in patients with knee sports injury and guiding clinical targeted treatment, the author proposed a sports injury prevention method in sports training teaching based on MRI image observation. This method retrospectively analyzed the imaging data of 101 patients with knee joint MRI examination due to osteoarthritis, sports injury and synovitis in joint surgery, and arthroscopic exclusion of true meniscus tear, MR multisequence and multiplane scans were performed to observe the anatomical features of TGL and MFL images and the occurrence rate of the lateral meniscus “false tear sign,” and the χ 2 test was used to compare the occurrence rate of “pseudo-tear sign” between genders and sides. Experimental results show that the incidence of TGL on MRI was about 67.3% (68/101), and the incidence of “pseudo-tear sign” in the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus caused by TGL was 2.9% (2/68). The overall appearance rate of MFL on MRI was 91.1% (92/101), the appearance rate of plate anterior ligament (HL) was 13.9% (14/101), and the occurrence rate of “pseudo-tear sign” in the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus caused by HL was 7.1% (1/14). The occurrence rate of the posterior ligament (WL) was 77.2% (78/101), and the incidence of “pseudo-tear sign” in the posterior horn was 20.5% (16/78). According to the shape and course of TGL and MFL on MRI, and the direction and position of the lateral meniscus pseudotear, combined with MRI sagittal plane and coronal plane observation, it can effectively identify the true and false attributes of lateral meniscus anterior and posterior horn tears, thereby reducing unnecessary surgical treatment.
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Nakawaki, H., Y. Inada, R. Asai, M. Yamada, T. Okubo, S. Ikeda, A. Thamizhavel, et al. "Pressure study of an antiferromagnet, CeMg2Cu9." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 14, no. 14 (March 28, 2002): L305—L311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/14/14/101.
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Hillin, Danny, Pierre Helwi, and Justin J. Scheiner. "Comparison of Salt Exclusion in Muscadine and Interspecific Hybrid Grapes Using a Greenhouse Screening Procedure." HortTechnology 31, no. 6 (December 2021): 771–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04627-20.
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Bunch grapes (Euvitis) are classified as moderately salt-tolerant. However, little is known about the salt tolerance of muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia). The objective of this research was to evaluate the salt exclusion capacity of muscadine grapes relative to common bunch grape rootstocks and hybrid winegrapes using a greenhouse screening assay. In two separate experiments, 31 muscadine, six bunch grape rootstocks, and five hybrid winegrape cultivars were irrigated daily with a 25-mm sodium chloride salt solution for a period of 14 d, followed by a destructive harvest to determine sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) concentrations in root and shoot tissues. Generally, the muscadines studied exhibited a greater range of salt concentration relative to bunch grape rootstocks. Total tissue (shoot and root) salt varied by 250% and 430% across muscadines and by 180% and 190% across bunch grape rootstocks for Na and Cl, respectively. Despite the wider range, muscadine grapes expressed significantly less leaf necrosis than the bunch grape rootstocks. The most effective salt-excluding muscadines, ‘Janebell’, ‘Scuppernong’, ‘Late Fry’, and ‘Eudora’, were not distinguishable from the bunch grape rootstocks [‘Paulsen 1103’ (1103P), ‘Ruggeri 140’ (140Ru), ‘Schwarzmann’, ‘Millardet et de Grasset 101-14’ (101-14 Mgt.), ‘Millardet et de Grasset 420A’ (420A), and ‘Matador’]. Overall, there was no discernable difference between the salt exclusion capacity of muscadine and bunch grapes. The hybrid winegrape ‘Blanc Du Bois’ displayed poor Na and Cl exclusion properties but showed only moderate leaf necrosis symptoms. In both experiments, ‘Blanc Du Bois’ accumulated more than two-fold higher root and shoot concentrations of Na and Cl compared with the best-performing rootstocks (1103P, 140Ru, 101-14 Mgt.), suggesting that ‘Blanc Du Bois’ could benefit from grafting if salinity is a limiting factor.
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Hillin, Daniel, Pierre Helwi, and Justin Scheiner. "Tolerance of Muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) to alkaline soil." OENO One 55, no. 2 (May 10, 2021): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.2.3387.
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Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia) grapes have been used in grape variety and rootstock development due to their inherent pest and disease resistance, but little is known about their alkaline soil tolerance. In this study, Muscadine varieties, commercialrootstock and interspecific hybrid grape (Vitis spp.) cultivars were evaluated for alkaline soil tolerance under field conditions to determine the potential suitability of muscadines for rootstock development. Thirty-one muscadine and eleven interspecific hybridgrape cultivars were grown in a moderately alkaline soil (pH = 8.1) over a three-year period. Alkaline soil tolerance wasdetermined by relative vine vigour (shoot length), vine nutrient status (whole leaf tissue testing) and visual chlorosis. Additional data were collected on the timing of budbreak. Overall, the muscadines studied expressed low vigour and had greater chlorosissymptoms than the interspecific hybrid rootstocks (Paulsen 1103, Millardet et de Grasset 101-14, Millardet et de Grasset 420A,Ruggeri 140, Schwarzmann, and Matador). These parameters were not correlated with the concentration in any specific nutrient, although nutrient deficiencies (nitrogen, copper) and excesses (calcium, boron) were observed in the muscadine varieties.Overall, the muscadine grapes expressed poor alkaline soil tolerance compared to interspecific hybrid grape rootstocks (1103P, 101-14 MGt., 140Ru, Schwarzmann, 420A, and Matador), even the ones having poor alkaline soil tolerance (101-14 MGt., Schwarzmann) and own-rooted cultivars (Black Spanish, Blanc Du Bois, Dunstan’s Dream and Victoria Red). Nevertheless, some variability in chlorosis symptoms and nutrition was observed across the muscadine group, suggesting some interests to select Muscadine hybrid rootstocks less sensitive to iron chlorosis.
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Swift, Robert, Osheiza Abdulmalik, Qiukan Chen, Toshio Asakura, Kelsey Gustafson, James E. Simon, Virdah Zaman, et al. "SCD-101: A New Anti-Sickling Drug Reduces Pain and Fatigue and Improves Red Blood Cell Shape in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.121.121.
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Abstract Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited blood disorder in the United States, caused by polymerization of a mutated form of hemoglobin (HbS). HbS can form long polymers inside red blood cells (RBCs) that affect RBC shape and adhesion, resulting in RBC destruction, acute and chronic pain, inflammation and cumulative organ damage. SCD-101 is a botanical drug with in vitro and in vivo anti-sickling activity. The mechanism by which SCD-101 inhibits sickling is unknown; however, it does not bind directly to Hb or change the affinity of Hb for oxygen. We recently completed a dose-escalation clinical study of SCD-101 in adults with sickle cell disease in steady state, and other clinical studies are on-going. Methods: The initial prospective, open-label, Phase 1B dose-escalation study enrolled homozygous (SS) sickle cell patients and S/beta0 thalassemia patients ages 18-55 with baseline Hb levels 6.0-9.0 g/dL and hemoglobin F ≤10%. Admission within 30 days, transfusion within 90 days, and hydroxyurea within 6 months were exclusions. SCD-101 was dosed orally for 28-days with a 14-day follow-up visit. Doses administered during the dose escalation study were 550 mg, 1100 mg, 2200 mg and 4400 mg BID. The primary endpoint was safety, and the secondary endpoints were mean change in Hb, Hct, percent reticulocytes, LDH, indirect bilirubin, CRP, PROMIS fatigue questionnaire score, and percent circulating partially oxygenated sickle cells (POSCs) in venous whole blood fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde without exposure to air. A repeat cohort study is ongoing with dose adjusted to 2750 mg TID, a 6-minute walk test added as a functional endpoint and measurement of inflammatory cytokines by ELISA to explore the effect of SCD-101 on inflammation. Results: As of August 4, 2016, 26 patients with sickle cell disease have been enrolled, 20 patients have completed the 28-day dose-escalation study and 3 were discontinued before receiving their first dose of SCD-101. Three patients are enrolled in the 28-day repeat cohort study. There have been no dose reductions or interruptions due to drug-related effects. SCD-101 was generally well-tolerated with mild-moderate bloating and flatulence at the highest dose on a BID schedule in the dose-escalation study, which were not observed with a TID schedule in the repeat cohort study. There were no significant changes in safety laboratory tests and no significant changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, LDH, unconjugated bilirubin, or reticulocytes. No significant changes were observed in renal, hepatic or other safety chemistries or electrocardiograms. SCD-101 participants treated at higher doses reported a decrease in chronic pain and fatigue after 7-14 days, which returned post-treatment when measured on the 14-day follow-up visit. Participants at the two highest doses reported an increase in exercise capacity and an improvement in sleep. Two participants with ankle ulcers, enrolled at the two highest doses, showed improved healing. Analysis of peripheral blood smears revealed an improvement in the shape of circulating RBCs. There was no change in inflammatory cytokines in the first 7 days in the repeat cohort study, though the Day 28 data may show a different result. Conclusions: SCD-101 is a promising new drug for the treatment of sickle cell disease, based on the results from the studies reported here. SCD-101 was well tolerated over an 8-fold dose range, and dose-dependent anti-sickling effects on RBC were observed, though without significant changes in hemolysis. Clinical benefits included reduced chronic pain and fatigue, improved sleep and improved ulcer healing. While the identity of the active substance(s) in SCD-101 and the mechanism(s) of action are unknown, SCD-101 has a direct anti-sickling effect on RBCs, compatible with an intracellular or membrane effect on RBCs. We hypothesize that the observed effects could be explained by increased vascular flow or increased oxygen delivery or a reduction in inflammation. A placebo-controlled crossover study will be completed in 2016 including a 6-minute walk test as a primary clinical endpoint, and a multi-site Phase 2 study is planned for 2017. As a botanical drug, SCD-101 may be a useful treatment for sickle cell disease worldwide. Disclosures Swift: Global Blood Therapeutics: Equity Ownership; Mast Therapeutics: Equity Ownership; SCD Development: Employment, Equity Ownership.
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Kharisma, Rizki, Ika Puspita Sari, and Angi Nadya Bestari. "Optimization Formula Tablet Extract of Bengkuang (Pachyrrhizus erosus) Variation Avicel® Ph 101 and Crospovidone." Majalah Obat Tradisional 23, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mot.35113.
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Bengkuang (Pachyrrhizus erosus) contains daidzein which is pro-estrogenic compound, suppressing bone restoration by directing mechanism in bone estrogen receptor. Bengkuang can be developed into a useful source of phytoestrogens as a supplement in menopausal women. This study aims to determine the stability and influence of Avicel® PH 101 and crospovidone on granular flow properties and physical properties of Bengkuang tuber extract. Bengkuang tuber extracts were made into tablet preparations by wet granulation method. Variation of crospovidone composition was between 2-5%, while Avicel® PH 101 was between 38.86 to 41.86%. The tablet formulation is optimized using the Simplex Lattice Design method. The results show that the addition of Avicel® PH 101 can improve the index of determination, water absorption, moisture content, hardness, time of disintegration, and friability of the tablet, as well as crospovidone addition. Avicel® PH 101 and crospovidone interactions increase water content, decrease hardness, and tablet friability. The optimum tablet formula consists of composition of 293 mg of Avicel® PH 101 and 14 mg of crospovidone per tablet. Testing of optimum formula results with SLD method did not differ significantly to the response of the compression index, hardness and friability of the tablet. The tablet was stable at room temperature (30ºC ± 2 ºC) for four weeks.