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Journal articles on the topic "1-motives"
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Ayoub, Joseph, and Luca Barbieri-Viale. "Nori $$1$$ 1 -motives." Mathematische Annalen 361, no. 1-2 (July 23, 2014): 367–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-014-1069-8.
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Nakkawita, Emily, and Larisa Heiphetz. "Motivational Priorities Reflect Beliefs About God's Attributes." Social Cognition 41, no. 3 (June 2023): 239–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2023.41.3.239.
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The motive domains of control and truth align with conceptions of God's omnipotence and omniscience, but the link between control-versus truth-dominant motives and God concepts remains unclear. A convergence account predicts a positive association between these variables; a divergence account predicts an inverse association. Furthermore, the causal direction of an association under either account is unknown. To test between these competing accounts, Study 1 investigated whether people with God concepts dominant in control versus truth report motives that are also control- (vs. truth-) dominant. To investigate causality, Study 2 manipulated God concepts and measured motive dominance; Study 3 manipulated motives and measured God concepts. Study 4 replicated Study 1 with methodological enhancements. Collectively, results supported the convergence account, indicating that God concepts influence motive predominance. By integrating motivation and religious cognition research, this work elucidates the relations between beliefs about God's attributes and personal motives.
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Yatmi, Yatmi. "MOTIVE AND CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL VALUES IN NOVEL THE INVENTION OF HUGO CABRET BY BRIAN SELZNICK." INFERENCE: Journal of English Language Teaching 5, no. 3 (June 17, 2023): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/inference.v5i3.8342.
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<p>This is a descriptive qualitative research that uses a psychological approach. The data source of this research is the novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, publisher of Scholastic Press, New York (original version) in 2007, Mizan Fantasi (Indonesian version) in 2012. The research data are in the form of words, phrases and sentences that related with the main character's motives and the character education values in the novel. Data obtained by reading and note taking techniques. This objective of this study to analyze the existence of the main character's action motives and the value of character education in the novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick. The results of the analysis obtained the following conclusions: 1. Hugo's motives as the main character there are 20 quotes, namely as follows: a) motives for physical needs there are 3 quotations, b) motives for security and safety needs are 4 quotations, c) motives for trust and compassion consist from 5 quotations, d) the motive for self-esteem needs there are 3 quotations, e). The motives for self-actualization needs are 6 quotations. The prominent action motive is the motive for self-actualization needs. 2. The value of character education contained in Brian's novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret, consisting of; a) religious 2 quotes, b) honest 4 quotes, c) discipline 3 quotes, d) hard work 7 quotes, e) creative 2 quotes, f) independent 1 quote, g) curiosity 4 quotes, h) appreciate achievement 2 quotes, i) friends 3 quotes, j) peace love 1 quote, k) likes to read 2 quotes, l) social care 4 quotes, m) responsibility 2 quotes.</p>
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Patashnick, Owen. "A Candidate for the Abelian Category of Mixed Elliptic Motives." Journal of K-theory 12, no. 3 (November 15, 2013): 569–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is013007012jkt237.
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AbstractIn this work, we s uggest a defnition for the category of mixed motives generated by the motive h1 (E) for E an elliptic curve without complex multiplication. We then compute the cohomology of this category. Modulo a strengthening of the Beilinson-Soulé conjecture, we show that the cohomology of our category agrees with the expected motivic cohomology groups. Finally for each pure motive (Symnh1 (E)) (–1) we construct families of nontrivial motives whose highest associated weight graded piece is (Symnh1 (E)) (–1).
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Ivorra, Florian, and Takao Yamazaki. "Nori Motives of Curves With Modulus and Laumon 1-motives." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 70, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 868–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2017-037-x.
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AbstractLet k be a number field. We describe the category of Laumon 1-isomotives over k as the universal category in the sense of M. Nori associated with a quiver representation built out of smooth proper k-curves with two disjoint effective divisors and a notion of for such “curves with modulus”. This result extends and relies on a theorem of J. Ayoub and L. Barbieri-Viale that describes Deligne's category of 1-isomotives in terms of Nori's Abelian category of motives.
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Howle, Timothy C., James A. Dimmock, Peter R. Whipp, and Ben Jackson. "Moving to Self-Present: An Investigation Into Proposed Antecedents of 2 x 2 Self-Presentation Motives." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 37, no. 5 (October 2015): 547–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0067.
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Two studies involving high school physical education students were conducted to investigate associations between 2 x 2 self-presentation motives and theorized antecedents. In Study 1 (n = 445), using path analysis, we found that positive predictive pathways emerged from fear of negative evaluation, trait agency and communion, self-presentational efficacy, and social self-efficacy to 2 x 2 motives. In Study 2 (n = 301), using cluster analysis, we found that approximately half the cohort was classified into a high motive endorsement cluster and half into a low motive endorsement cluster. The high cluster had significantly higher 2 x 2 motive, fear of negative evaluation, trait agency and communion, and self-efficacy scores. This work represents the first concerted effort to empirically examine proposed antecedents of 2 x 2 motives and serves to inform theorists and practitioners about dispositional and context-specific factors that may align with these motives.
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Jakubiak, Brittany K., Anik Debrot, James Kim, and Emily A. Impett. "Approach and avoidance motives for touch are predicted by attachment and predict daily relationship well-being." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 38, no. 1 (September 24, 2020): 256–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407520961178.
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Research suggests that touch promotes relationship well-being but has failed to consider motives for touch. We assessed general (Study 1) and daily (Study 2) approach and avoidance motives for touch and tested their precursors and consequences. Controlling for relationship quality and the other motive, greater attachment avoidance predicted lower approach and greater avoidance motives for touch in general but did not predict motives in daily life. Greater attachment anxiety simultaneously predicted greater approach and avoidance motives for touch in both studies suggesting anxiously attached people have ambivalent motives for touch. Critically, one’s own and one’s partner’s approach motives for touch predicted greater daily relationship well-being, whereas own and partner avoidance motives predicted poorer daily relationship well-being. We observed indirect effects linking attachment insecurity to relationship well-being through daily motives for touch. These results underscore the importance of attending to touch motives in future work, including future intervention work.
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Wahl, Deborah Ronja, Karoline Villinger, Michael Blumenschein, Laura Maria König, Katrin Ziesemer, Gudrun Sproesser, Harald Thomas Schupp, and Britta Renner. "Why We Eat What We Eat: Assessing Dispositional and In-the-Moment Eating Motives by Using Ecological Momentary Assessment." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): e13191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13191.
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Background Why do we eat? Our motives for eating are diverse, ranging from hunger and liking to social norms and affect regulation. Although eating motives can vary from eating event to eating event, which implies substantial moment-to-moment differences, current ways of measuring eating motives rely on single timepoint questionnaires that assess eating motives as situation-stable dispositions (traits). However, mobile technologies including smartphones allow eating events and motives to be captured in real time and real life, thus capturing experienced eating motives in-the-moment (states). Objective This study aimed to examine differences between why people think they eat (trait motives) and why they eat in the moment of consumption (state motives) by comparing a dispositional (trait) and an in-the-moment (state) assessment of eating motives. Methods A total of 15 basic eating motives included in The Eating Motivation Survey (ie, liking, habit, need and hunger, health, convenience, pleasure, traditional eating, natural concerns, sociability, price, visual appeal, weight control, affect regulation, social norms, and social image) were assessed in 35 participants using 2 methodological approaches: (1) a single timepoint dispositional assessment and (2) a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) across 8 days (N=888 meals) capturing eating motives in the moment of eating. Similarities between dispositional and in-the-moment eating motive profiles were assessed according to 4 different indices of profile similarity, that is, overall fit, shape, scatter, and elevation. Moreover, a visualized person × motive data matrix was created to visualize and analyze between- and within-person differences in trait and state eating motives. Results Similarity analyses yielded a good overall fit between the trait and state eating motive profiles across participants, indicated by a double-entry intraclass correlation of 0.52 (P<.001). However, although trait and state motives revealed a comparable rank order (r=0.65; P<.001), trait motives overestimated 12 of 15 state motives (P<.001; d=1.97). Specifically, the participants assumed that 6 motives (need and hunger, price, habit, sociability, traditional eating, and natural concerns) are more essential for eating than they actually were in the moment (d>0.8). Furthermore, the visualized person × motive data matrix revealed substantial interindividual differences in intraindividual motive profiles. Conclusions For a comprehensive understanding of why we eat what we eat, dispositional assessments need to be extended by in-the-moment assessments of eating motives. Smartphone-based EMAs reveal considerable intra- and interindividual differences in eating motives, which are not captured by single timepoint dispositional assessments. Targeting these differences between why people think they eat what they eat and why they actually eat in the moment may hold great promise for tailored mobile health interventions facilitating behavior changes.
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Bertolin, Cristiana, and Federica Galluzzi. "Brauer groups of 1-motives." Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 225, no. 11 (November 2021): 106754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2021.106754.
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Barbieri-Viale, Luca, Andreas Rosenschon, and Morihiko Saito. "Deligne’s conjecture on 1-motives." Annals of Mathematics 158, no. 2 (September 1, 2003): 593–633. http://dx.doi.org/10.4007/annals.2003.158.593.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "1-motives"
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Rivera, Arredondo Carolina. "Height Pairings of 1-Motives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0082/document.
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L'objectif de ce travail est la généralisation, dans le contexte des 1-motifs, des accouplements de hauteurs construits par B. Mazur et J. Tate sur les variétés abéliennes. Suite à leur approche, nous considérons de ρ-splittings de la biextension de Poincaré d’un 1-motif et nous demandons qu'ils soient compatibles avec la linéarisation canonique associée à la biextension. Nous établissons donc des résultats concernant l'existence de tels ρ-splittings. Quand ρ est non-ramifié, celle-ci est garanti si l'accouplement de monodromie du 1-motif pris en considération est non-dégénéré. Pour ρ ramifié, le ρ-splitting se construit à partir d'une paire de scindages des filtrations de Hodge des réalisations de de Rham du 1-motif et de son dual. Ceci généralise des résultats précédents de R. Coleman and Y. Zarhin pour les variétés abéliennes. Ces ρ-splittings sont ensuite utilisés pour définir un accouplement global entre les points rationnels d'un 1-motif et de son dual. Également, nous fournissons des accouplements locaux entre les zéro-cycles et les diviseurs sur une variété, qui est fait en appliquant les résultats précédents à ses 1-motifs de Picard et d’AlbaneseThe purpose of this work is to generalize, in the context of 1-motives, the height pairings constructed by B. Mazur and J. Tate on abelian varieties. Following their approach, we consider ρ-splittings of the Poincaré biextension of a 1-motive and require that they be compatible with the canonical linearization associated to the biextension. We establish results concerning the existence of such ρ-splittings. When ρ is unramified this is guaranteed if the monodromy pairing of the 1-motive considered is non-degenerate. For ramified ρ, the ρ-splitting is constructed from a pair of splittings of the Hodge filtrations of the de Rham realizations of the 1-motive and its dual. This generalizes previous results by R. Coleman and Y. Zarhin for abelian varieties. These ρ-splittings are then used to define a global pairing between rational points of a 1-motive and its dual. We also provide local pairings between zero cycles and divisors on a variety, which is done by applying the previous results to its Picard and Albanese 1-motives
2
RIVERA, ARREDONDO CAROLINA. "Height Pairings of 1-Motives." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/573016.
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Lo scopo di questo lavoro è la generalizzazione, nel contesto degli 1-motivi, degli accoppiamenti di altezza costruiti da B. Mazur e J. Tate sulle varietà abeliane. Seguendo il loro approccio, consideriamo ρ-splittings della biestensione di Poincaré di un 1-motivo e richiediamo che siano compatibili con la linearizzazione canonica associata alla biestensione. Stabiliamo quindi risultati riguardanti l'esistenza di tali ρ-splittings. Quando ρ è non ramificato, tale risultato segue se l'accoppiamento di monodromia dell’1-motivo preso in considerazione è non degenere. Per ρ ramificato, il ρ-splitting si costruisce a partire da una coppia di scissioni delle filtrazioni di Hodge delle realizzazioni di de Rham dell’1-motivo e del suo duale. In questo modo generalizziamo precedenti risultati di R. Coleman and Y. Zarhin sulle varietà abeliane. Questi ρ-splittings vengono poi usati per definire un accoppiamento globale sui punti razionali di un 1-motivo e del suo duale. Infine forniamo accoppiamenti locali tra i zero-cicli e i divisori di una varietà, applicando i risultati precedenti ai suoi 1-motivi di Picard e d’Albanese.The purpose of this work is to generalize, in the context of 1-motives, the height pairings constructed by B. Mazur and J. Tate on abelian varieties. Following their approach, we consider ρ-splittings of the Poincaré biextension of a 1-motive and require that they be compatible with the canonical linearization associated to the biextension. We establish results concerning the existence of such ρ-splittings. When ρ is unramified this is guaranteed if the monodromy pairing of the 1-motive considered is non-degenerate. For ramified ρ, the ρ-splitting is constructed from a pair of splittings of the Hodge filtrations of the de Rham realizations of the 1-motive and its dual. This generalizes previous results by R. Coleman and Y. Zarhin for abelian varieties. These ρ-splittings are then used to define a global pairing between rational points of a 1-motive and its dual. We also provide local pairings between zero cycles and divisors on a variety, which is done by applying the previous results to its Picard and Albanese 1-motives.
L'objectif de ce travail est la généralisation, dans le contexte des 1-motifs, des accouplements de hauteurs construits par B. Mazur et J. Tate sur les variétés abéliennes. Suite à leur approche, nous considérons de ρ-splittings de la biextension de Poincaré d’un 1-motif et nous demandons qu'ils soient compatibles avec la linéarisation canonique associée à la biextension. Nous établissons donc des résultats concernant l'existence de tels ρ-splittings. Quand ρ est non-ramifié, celle-ci est garanti si l'accouplement de monodromie du 1-motif pris en considération est non-dégénéré. Pour ρ ramifié, le ρ-splitting se construit à partir d'une paire de scindages des filtrations de Hodge des réalisations de de Rham du 1-motif et de son dual. Ceci généralise des résultats précédents de R. Coleman and Y. Zarhin pour les variétés abéliennes. Ces ρ-splittings sont ensuite utilisés pour définir un accouplement global entre les points rationnels d'un 1-motif et de son dual. Également, nous fournissons des accouplements locaux entre les zéro-cycles et les diviseurs sur une variété, qui est fait en appliquant les résultats précédents à ses 1-motifs de Picard et d’Albanese.
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Haas, Johann [Verfasser], and Moritz [Akademischer Betreuer] Kerz. "Lisse 1-Motives / Johann Haas ; Betreuer: Moritz Kerz." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220908711/34.
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Matev, Tzanko Ivanov Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] [Stoll. "Good reduction of 1-motives / Tzanko Ivanov Matev. Betreuer: Michael Stoll." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060010070/34.
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Sozeri, Baris. "Motivational Factors Affecting Spectators." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606891/index.pdf.
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Interest in sport, especially in soccer has been increasing in Turkey. Consequently, sport clubs should ascertain the reasons why people attend sporting events and what motivates them to attend in order not to lose their interest. From this pointthe purpose of this study was to examine the motivational factors affecting spectator attendance of soccer games in Turkey. In order to measure the sport fan motivations of the spectators, the Turkish version of Motivational Scale for Sport Consumption (MSSC) was distributed to 602 spectators in three different Super League Soccer games with the systematic sampling procedure. Results of this study indicated that the physical skills of the athletes, aesthetics related with the game of soccer and the achievement motives are the most effective motives in explaining spectators&rsquo
decisions to attend soccer games in Turkey. On the other hand, escape, drama, and social interaction motives were found to be the least important motives of the Turkish soccer spectators. The findings of this study also revealed that the more frequent ticket consumers&rsquo
achievement and acquisition of knowledge motivations were higher than the other consumer types in spectator segmentation. Multiple regression analysis revealed that 27 % of the variance in future ticket consumption intentions can be accounted for by the linear combination of 6 of the 12 variables including past ticket consumption frequency, fan identification with the team, and the motives of achievement, acquisition of knowledge, aesthetics, and social interaction. These findings indicated that Turkish spectators are mainly motivated by the core product of the sport, the game itself. However, previous studies indicated that overarching motives (escape, social interaction) should be one of the aspects of the game attendance. Thus, findings of this study showed that Turkish spectators do not perceive the attending a sport game as a social and stress releasing activity. In conclusion, motivations are the needs of the sport consumers, therefore, Turkish sport clubs should try to fulfill the needs of their customers, in this case, acquiring skilled soccer players, playing good team soccer, and playing combatively to win games should be the prerequisites of the sport clubs to not to lose their spectators&rsquo
interest in following their team from the stadium.
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Cakmak, Sabiha Safak. "Psychometric Properties Of Anxiety Sensitivity Index-revised And The Relationship With Drinking Motives And Alcohol Use In Turkish University Students And Patients." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607321/index.pdf.
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Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) consists of beliefs that the experience of anxiety symptoms leads to illness or additional anxiety. The aim of the present study was to examine the factor structure of the Turkish version of Anxiety Sensitivity Index–
Revised (ASI-R), and to investigate associations among AS, alcohol use and drinking motives in university students and alcohol dependent inpatients. The participants were 411 university students (225 females and 186 males) and 55 (3 females and 52 males) alcohol dependent inpatients. All participants were administered ASI-R, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Form, Beck Depression Inventory, Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised, and Demographic Information Form. Exploratory factor analyses revealed four lower order factors of the ASI-R: (1) fear of respiratory symptoms
(2) fear of cardiovascular symptoms
(3) fear of cognitive dyscontrol
and (4) fear of publicly observable anxiety symptoms. ANOVA revealed that the frequency and amount of alcohol use were significantly higher in male students than females. Males reported more alcohol use for Coping and Conformity Motives than did females. Regression analyses revealed that only fear of cognitive dyscontrol significantly predicted hazardous alcohol use of students. Coping Motives significantly predicted alcohol use after controlling the effects of demographics, depression and ASI-R lower order factors in students using alcohol. Fear of publicly observable anxiety symptoms significantly predicted frequency of alcohol use in students using alcohol. Students reported using alcohol mostly for Enhancement, Social, Coping, and Conformity Motives, respectively. Students with high AS reported more alcohol use for Coping, Social and Conformity Motives than those with moderate and low AS. Fear of cognitive dyscontrol and fear of publicly observable anxiety symptoms explained a significant variance of drinking motives in students. In alcohol dependent inpatients, only fear of respiratory symptoms had a significant correlation with Coping Motives. Patients reported having used alcohol mostly for Coping, Enhancement, Social, and Conformity Motives, respectively. Coping and Enhancement Motives were significantly correlated with alcohol use. Results were discussed within the findings in the literature.
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Brinkmann, Christoph. "Die Andersonextension und 1-Motive." Bonn : Die Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 1991. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=003517322&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Kocamaner, Hikmet. "The Use Of Langauge With Ulterior Motives In Harold Pinter." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606207/index.pdf.
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This thesis analyzes how Harold Pinter&rsquos characters use language with ulterior motives: making their existence felt and acknowledged, concealing the truth, avoiding conflict or confrontation, and exerting dominance. In the dissertation, stylistics, which is the analysis of texts by means of linguistic phenomena, has been used as the method of analysis. Characters&rsquo
use of language with ulterior motives has been illustrated with reference to a variety of Pinter&rsquo
s plays.
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Artusa, Marco. "Sur des théorèmes de dualité pour la cohomologie condensée du groupe de Weil d'un corps p-adique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0228.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est double. Premièrement, on construit une théorie de cohomologie topologique pour le groupe de Weil d’un corps p-adique. En second lieu, on utilise cette théorie pour prouver des théorèmes de dualité, qui se manifestent sous la forme de la dualité de Pontryagin entre groupes abéliens localement compacts. Ces résultats améliorent des théorèmes de dualité existants et leur confèrent une perspective topologique. De tels objectifs peuvent être atteints grâce aux Mathématiques Condensées, qui fournissent un cadre dans lequel il est possible de faire de l’algèbre avec des objets topologiques. On définit une théorie cohomologique pour les groupes condensés et pro-condensés et on étudie ses propriétés. Ensuite, on applique cela au groupe de Weil d’un corps p-adique, considéré comme un groupe pro-condensé. On démontre que, dans certains cas particuliers, les groupes de cohomologie correspondants sont des groupes abéliens localement compacts de rangs finis. Ceci nous permet d’étendre la dualité locale de Tate à une catégorie plus générale de coefficients non nécessairement discrets, o`u elle prend la forme d’une dualité de Pontryagin entre groupes abéliens localement compacts. Dans la dernière partie de la thèse, on utilise le même cadre pour retrouver une version “à la Weil” de la dualité de Tate avec coefficients dans les variétés abéliennes, et plus généralement dans les 1- motifs, en exprimant ces dualités comme des accouplements parfaits entre groupes abéliens condensés. Pour ce faire, on associe à chaque groupe algébrique, resp. 1-motif, un groupe abélien condensé, resp. un complexe de groupes abéliens condensés, avec une action du groupe de Weil (pro-condensé). On appelle cette association la réalisation de Weil-étale condensée. On montre l’existence d’un accouplement de Poincaré condensé pour les variétés abéliennes, et on prouve une version condensée et “à la Weil” de la dualité de Tate à coefficients dans les variétés abéliennes, qui améliore le résultat correspondant de Karpuk. Enfin, on montre l’existence d’un accouplement de Poincaré condensé pour les 1-motifs. On prouve que cet accouplement est compatible à la filtration par les poids et on démontre un théorème de dualité à coefficients dans les 1- motifs, qui améliore un résultat de Harari-SzamuelyThe goal of this thesis is twofold. First, we build a topological cohomology theory for the Weil group of p-adic fields. Secondly, we use this theory to prove duality theorems for such fields, which manifest as Pontryagin duality between locally compact abelian groups. These results improve existing duality theorems and give them a topological flavour. Condensed Mathematics allow us to reach these objectives, providing a framework where it is possible to do algebra with topological objects. We define and study a cohomology theory for condensed groups and pro-condensed groups, and we apply it to the Weil group of a p-adic field, considered as a pro-condensed group. The resulting cohomology groups are proved to be locally compact abelian groups of finite ranks in some special cases. This allows us to enlarge the local Tate duality to a more general category of non-necessarily discrete coefficients, where it takes the form of a Pontryagin duality between locally compact abelian groups. In the last part of the thesis, we use the same framework to recover a Weil-version of the Tate duality with coefficients in abelian varieties and more generally in 1-motives, expressing those dualities as perfect pairings between condensed abelian groups. To do this, we associate to every algebraic group, resp. 1-motive, a condensed abelian group, resp. a complex of condensed abelian groups, with an action of the (pro-condensed) Weil group. We call this association the condensed Weil-´etale realisation. We show the existence of a condensed Poincar´e pairing for abelian varieties and we prove a condensed-Weil version of the Tate duality with coefficients in abelian varieties, which improves the correspondent result of Karpuk. Lastly, we exhibit a condensed Poincar´e pairing for 1-motives. We show that this pairing is compatible with the weight filtration and we prove a duality theorem with coefficients in 1-motives, which improves a result of Harari-Szamuely
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Nussmüller, Eva, Lukas Lengauer, and Franz Tödtling. "Motives and influencing factors of corporate regional engagement. Industry and company specific patterns." Institut für Regional- und Umweltwirtschaft, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2009. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1658/1/document.pdf.
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Traditionally, regional endowments are viewed as external variables when it comes to location choices of companies. In most concepts on location choices and regional economics companies are thought to view the local labour market, the local innovation system or the general quality of life in a region as given and chose the location that best suits the company's needs. Increasingly however, scholars from different research fields are providing arguments to reverse that view and show that there can be good reasons for a company to engage in improving its location despite implicit externalities. In this paper we try to systematically analyse issue of corporate engagement in regions. We will show how strong and in which fields companies engage in their respective region, how this engagement can be related to their existing regional integration and what differences appear between industries and types of companies in this respect. In this study we draw upon extensive interviews with over thirty companies from three industrial sectors in the Austrian region of Styria: the metals industry, which dates back to medieval times and has gone through a deep process of economic restructuring, the automotive industry, the first industry in which a comprehensive cluster policy approach was applied in Austria and the software industry, a rather young industry that experienced high growth rates in the past years. We will conclude that even though there are differences between the industries and types of companies in terms of scope and scale of regional integration and regional engagement, there is a strong correlation between the two: the higher the regional integration, the higher corporate regional engagement and vice versa.Series: SRE - Discussion Papers
Books on the topic "1-motives"
1
Barbieri-Viale, Luca. On the derived category of 1-motives. Paris: Société Mathématique de France, 2016.
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2
Flexner, Roland. 1-1. [Paris]: M. Baverey, 2002.
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Printing, London College of. The propaganda poster during world war one its social, political artistic motives and consequences: Vol.1& 2 : design history thesis for BA MPD 1985. London: LCP, 1985.
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C, Davidson Cynthia, and Anyone Corporation, eds. Anyplace. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1995.
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Muniain, Lucio. 10 concursos perdidos, 1 ganado =: 10 lost competitions, 1 success. México, D. F: Arquine, 2009.
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Krella, Frizzi. Dekalog 1-10: Assoziationsraum Katalog. Bielefeld: Kerber Verlag, 2018.
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Cohen, Derek. Shakespearean Motives. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18967-0.
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F, Harris James. Philosophy at 33 1/3 rpm: Themes of classic rock music. Chicago, Ill: Open Court, 1993.
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Heerich, Erwin. Erwin Heerich: Plastische Prozesse : [Wilhelm Lehmbruck Musem Duisburg, Ausstellung vom 26. Januar bis 1. März 1992. Duisburg: Das Museum, 1992.
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A, Aksenkin, Strizhneva S. E, Gosudarstvennyĭ muzeĭ V.V. Mai︠a︡kovskogo., and Rossiĭskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ voenno-istoricheskiĭ arkhiv, eds. Voĭna i mīr Mai︠a︡kovskogo: 1/VIII/1914-15/III/1918. Moskva: Radis RRL, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "1-motives"
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Lichtenbaum, Stephen. "Suslin Homology and Deligne 1-Motives." In Algebraic K-Theory and Algebraic Topology, 189–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0695-7_8.
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Williams, Glyndwr. "The Endeavour Voyage: A Coincidence of Motives 1." In Buccaneers, Explorers and Settlers, VII3—VII18. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003418726-7.
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Dashefsky, Arnold, Jan DeAmicis, Bernard Lazerwitz, and Ephraim Tabory. "Motives." In Americans Abroad, 35–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2169-0_3.
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Luard, Evan. "Motives." In International Society, 116–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20636-0_7.
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Stretton, Hugh, and Lionel Orchard. "Motives." In Public Goods, Public Enterprise, Public Choice, 1–20. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23505-6_1.
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Vignoles, Vivian L. "Identity Motives." In Handbook of Identity Theory and Research, 403–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_18.
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Wiezel, Adi. "Fundamental Motives." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_641-1.
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Bencivenga, Jennifer. "Criminals: Motives." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_115-1.
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Hangen, Emily J., and Andrew J. Elliott. "Achievement Motives." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_487-1.
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Cohen, Derek. "The Rites of Violence in 1 Henry IV." In Shakespearean Motives, 22–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18967-0_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "1-motives"
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Contreras, Alejandra, Bonnie Leadbeater, and Sybil Goulet-Stock. "The effects tailored interventions on cannabis use motives." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.01.
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Background: The motives for cannabis affect on cannabis use and cannabis use consequences. Coping with stress is among the frequent motives for cannabis use. However, non stressed youth may use cannabis for self-enhancing motives like boosting confidence. Both motives are associated with higher frequency of cannabis use and more negative consequences (e.g., effects on schoolwork quality). Interventions targeting these distinctive motives may need to be tailored to assist youth trying to reduce cannabis use. The purposes of this study were: to examine the effect of cannabis use interventions on the change in motives of use; and whether motives for use are associated with hours per week using cannabis. Methods: Participants were from a cross national study including US and Canadian youth (n= 781). Participants included in the current analysis were from two Canadian Universities (n = 397, 54% female, median age = 21) were randomized into either the Cannabis eCHECKUP TO GO or Healthy Stress Management (HSM) intervention. Both interventions were administrated online and assessed at baseline and at a 4- to 6-week follow-up. Eligible youth reported using cannabis more than once a week and wanted to reduce their cannabis use. The 19 items to the question “what do you like about cannabis” were used as an assessment of motives for use (e.g., I feel more courageous, I feel more confident, cannabis helps me reduce stress, cannabis helps me sleep). Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that a 2-factor model of cannabis use motives (self-confidence and stress-coping) fit the data adequately (CFI = 0.795, RMSEA [90% CI] = .063 [.057, .069]) after removing 2 poorly fitting items. Results: Across conditions self-confidence motives (T1: eCHECKUP condition M = 4.05(2.55), HSM condition M = 4.13(2.43); T2: eCHECKUP condition M = 4.09(2.50), HSM condition M = 4.36(2.28)) were endorse less than stress-coping motives (T1: eCHECKUP condition M = 6.48(1.92), HSM condition M = 6.25(1.78); T2: eCHECKUP condition M = 6.20(1.99), HSM condition M = 6.32(1.96)). Stress-coping motives were significantly correlated with the time spent high (hours a week) (T1 r= .21, T2: r=.26). A repeated measures MANOVA showed a significant interaction between time and intervention condition for the stress-coping motives only (F(1)= 4.08, p = .04). Participants in the Healthy Stress Management condition reported a significant decrease in the amount of stress-coping motives at the follow-up. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that motives of cannabis use can change over the course of a short online intervention for students seeking to reduce their use. In particular, the Healthy Stress Management condition helped participants reduce their stress-coping motives at T2. Neither intervention affected self confidence motives in the short term. These may be harder to address and may fuel continued use over time, even for youth hoping to change.
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Tang, Karen, Elijah Otis, Alexandra Loverock, Cameron Wild, and Igor Yakovenko. "The Role of Motives in Understanding the Link Between Personality and Cannabis Misuse." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.19.
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Background and aim: A robust association exists between substance use and personality, with personality risk factors representing phenotypes of vulnerability to substance misuse. As such, personality risk factors may be valuable constructs for understanding specific motivations for substance misuse. Given the loosening of restrictions on cannabis worldwide, research focusing on understanding cannabis use in young adults, a particularly at-risk population, remains a vital area of research. The existing data provides extensive support for the mediating role of coping motives on personality risk factors and problematic cannabis use; however, the role of other types of motives has remained largely unexplored. Our study examined the mediating role of cannabis use motives between personality and cannabis misuse among university students. We also explored the predictive value of personality phenotypes for cannabis use problems. Research question and hypothesis: Do motivations for cannabis use mediate or explain the relationship between personality type and cannabis use problem severity? Hypothesis 1: sensation-seeking (SS) and impulsivity (IMP), but not anxiety sensitivity and hopelessness, will be associated with greater cannabis use problem severity. Hypothesis 2: motives for use (i.e., coping, conformity, social, enhancement, expansion) will mediate the association between personality risk and cannabis use problem severity. Method: A survey was administered to 1073 undergraduate students. We examined whether motivations for use (mediator variable) explained the relationship between personality (predictor variable) and cannabis use disorder severity (outcome variable) using an ordinary least-squares (OLS) based mediation analysis. Results: As hypothesized, SS and IMP predicted greater cannabis use problems. A noteworthy finding was that conformity motives were a significant mediator between SS and IMP and cannabis use, whereby higher levels of SS/IMP led to greater endorsement of conformity motives, which in turn led to lower cannabis misuse. Enhancement motives were also a significant mediator between IMP and cannabis use. Expansion motives were a significant mediator between SS and cannabis use. Conclusion: Understanding reasons for use (i.e., motives) allows us to identify those at greatest risk for cannabis misuse. Findings from this study may help explain the underlying mechanisms by which personality risk factors lead to cannabis use disorder in young adults. A greater understanding of these personality phenotypes may have implications for the development of personality-specific interventions for cannabis use.
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Arcan, Kuntay. "COMPULSIVE BUYING AND RELATED MOTIVES: ENHANCEMENT AND COPING." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact019.
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"Background: Research indicates that compulsive buying that refers to chronic, excessive shopping and expenditure isn’t rare, especially among the young people. However, related studies are limited. More research is required to advance our understanding about the phenomenon and to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Objectives: This study especially aimed to investigate the role of shopping motives for compulsive buying. For this purpose, coping and enhancement motives that were originally developed to assess drinking reasons were adapted for shopping. Examining the relationships of compulsive buying with demographics, spending frequency of different products, positive and negative affect were also other objectives of the study. Methods: The sample was composed of 362 voluntary university students selected through convenience sampling in Turkey. Majority of the participants were females (77.9%). The mean age was 21.91 (SD = 3.11). Participants rated the frequency of shopping motives for each of the 5 enhancement items (e.g. to get high, because it’s fun) and the 5 coping items (e.g. to forget worries, to relax) on 4 point Likert-scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Compulsive Buying Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were also utilized as standard measurement instruments. The participants rated their spending frequency on different products such as cosmetics, clothes, technological products, or furniture on a 1 to 4 scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Findings: According to the results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis being female, having younger age and lower GPA (1st step) in addition to higher personal income (2nd step), spending frequently for cosmetics, shoes and clothes (3rd step), having higher negative affect (4th step) were found to be associated with compulsive buying scores. Moreover, both enhancement and coping motives that were entered into the regression equation in the last step (5th step), also predicted the participants’ compulsive buying scores. The total explained variance was 58.2%. Conclusions: The findings of this study are important to indicate the possible risk factors for compulsive buying including age, gender, income, spending habits, and negative affect. Moreover, the results reveal that buying something in order to enhance positive affect and to avoid negative feelings can be prominent determinants of compulsive buying. Research from non-Western countries such as the present study are essentially important to highlight the associates of compulsive buying across cultures since majority of the relevant literature derive from studies conducted with Western participants."
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Falco, Caitlin, and Allison Looby. "Differential effects of urgency and sensation seeking on cannabis use and related problems via motives." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.29.
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A reliable predictor of substance use is impulsivity, a multidimensional construct in which specific facets demonstrate differential associations with aspects of substance use. Though research has delineated the association between substance use and impulsivity generally, work examining facets and their relation to cannabis use specifically is more limited. Additionally, motivational models of substance use suggest that an individual’s reasons for use are the most proximal predictors of substance use, serving as a mediating mechanism by which other variables operate to influence use and related behaviors. To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying cannabis use, the current study assessed the relation between three facets of impulsivity that have demonstrated compelling associations with cannabis (i.e., positive urgency, negative urgency; and sensation seeking) and their association with frequency of cannabis use and related consequences via motives. College students (N = 652, Mage = 19.59, 72.2% female) from seven universities that reported past-month cannabis use completed an online survey assessing frequency of past-month cannabis use, number of related problems, facets of impulsivity, and cannabis use motives. A bootstrapped path analysis was conducted, in which negative urgency, positive urgency, and sensation seeking were modeled as simultaneous predictors of past-month cannabis-related problems via parallel mediators of enjoyment, coping, and social anxiety motives, and via past-month days of cannabis use. Positive and negative urgency were significant mediators in the same pathways: 1) social anxiety motives positively mediated the association between urgency and frequency of past-month cannabis use (negative urgency: β=0.37, 95% CI [0.046, 0.86]; positive urgency: β=0.87, 95% CI [0.44, 1.43]); 2) coping motives positively mediated the association between urgency and cannabis-related problems (negative urgency: β=0.47, 95% CI [0.28, 0.71]; positive urgency: β=0.31, 95% CI [0.11, 0.55]; and 3) a serial mediation effect such that urgency was positively associated with anxiety motives, which in turn were associated with higher frequency of past-month use, which was associated with greater cannabis-related problems (negative urgency: β=0.05, 95% CI [0.01, 0.12]; positive urgency: β=0.12, 95% CI [0.06, 0.21]). Further, two indirect effects were found for sensation seeking: 1) enjoyment motives positively mediated the association between sensation seeking and frequency of past-month use (β=0.23, 95% CI [0.40, 0.53]); and 2) a serial mediation effect such that sensation seeking was positively associated with enjoyment motives, which in turn were associated with higher frequency of past-month use, which in turn was associated with greater cannabis-related problems (β=0.03, 95% CI [0.005, 0.01]). Results appear to suggest that individuals high in urgency using to avoid or cope with negative affect or social anxiety and individuals high in sensation seeking endorsing use to feel good or enhance mood may be at greater risk of cannabis-related problems, providing evidence that cannabis use a means of improving emotional experience may not be an adequate emotion regulation strategy.
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Wallace, Elliot, Tessa Frohe, and Jason Ramirez. "The Relationship Between Mental Health Symptoms and marijuana consequences mediated by coping motives for marijuana use." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.21.
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As marijuana continues to be legalized across the United States, it is imperative to investigate risk factors and consequences related to use. Previous studies among adult samples have found that mental health symptoms, including both depression and anxiety symptoms, are significant predictors of increased frequency of marijuana use. Little is known however regarding mental health symptoms and marijuana use among adolescents. This risk is particularly salient for adolescents given that many mental health disorders, like depression and anxiety, begin to emerge during this developmental period, and because earlier of age of marijuana use onset is associated with worse prospective health outcomes. Further, coping motives for marijuana use (i.e., using marijuana as an external avoidance or escape-based strategy) may serve as a mechanism for some adolescents to avoid distressing anxiety and depressive states. To address this gap in research, the aims of the current analysis were to 1) examine associations between mental health symptoms, marijuana use, and consequences among adolescents, and 2) examine coping motives as a mediator between mental health symptoms and marijuana outcomes. The current study included 107 late adolescents (15-18 years old, Mage = 17.01, SDage = 0.92, 51% female, 85% White/Caucasian, 60% high school student, 27% college student) recruited from Washington State. The sample was stratified by gender and marijuana use such that participants ranged from reporting infrequent to daily marijuana use. Participants were asked to complete three online assessments across six months. These included the PHQ-4, a 4-item measure of depression and anxiety symptoms in the past 2 weeks, in addition to measures of marijuana use, marijuana-related consequences, and marijuana use motives. We conducted two separate mediator models to examine if baseline mental health symptoms were mediated by coping motives at month 3 on (1) marijuana use and (2) marijuana-related consequences both reported at month 6. There was no significant mediation effect for baseline mental health symptoms predicting overall marijuana use at month 6 (B = .27, SE = .25, 95% CI [-.23, .76], p = .28). For the second model, motives at month 3 fully mediated the relationship between mental health symptoms at baseline and marijuana-related consequences at month 6 (B = .71, SE = .27, 95% CI [.17, 1.24], p ≤ .01). Thus, higher levels of mental health symptoms at baseline were associated with higher marijuana-related consequences as mediated by coping motives reported at month 3. Our results suggest that adolescents who experience more mental health symptoms do not use marijuana more than others who report fewer symptoms. However, these individuals may be at greater risk for experiencing negative consequences that result from their use. Further, results also suggest that the relationship between mental health symptoms and negative consequences may be largely accounted for by stronger motives to use marijuana to cope with mental health. Screening for mental health symptoms during adolescence may be beneficial in preventing negative outcomes by providing early interventions for healthy coping strategies for anxiety and depression.
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Fairlie, Anne, Christine Lee, and Mary Larimer. "Differences in Marijuana Use, Consequences, and Motives based on Young Adults’ Interest in Reducing their Marijuana Use or Consequences: May 2021 Data from a High-risk Community Sample." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.09.
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Purpose. This study contributes to our understanding of the factors associated with young adults’ interest in reducing their marijuana use or consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study compared high-risk young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their marijuana use to those who were satisfied with their marijuana use. These two groups were compared on biological sex, age, marijuana use, consequences, and 12 motives. Method. The data were part of a larger longitudinal study that recruited a community sample of young adults from the Seattle WA area (ages 18-25 at recruitment), who reported recent alcohol use and also simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use. Participants were recruited through various methods including social media and Craigslist advertisements. Participants completed a baseline survey and six 2-week bursts of online daily surveys across two years as well as other follow-up surveys. Data presented here were collected in May 2021, the final follow-up assessment point. May 2021 data were collected from 376 participants (92% of the original recruited sample), and the current analyses focus on the 265 participants who reported using marijuana in the past month (50.6% females, 48.68% non-Hispanic/Latinx White, mean age = 24.58 (SD = 2.20). Results. Over one-third (37.7%, n = 100) indicated they were open to changing or currently thinking about changing their marijuana use by using less or by reducing marijuana’s negative effects. Almost two-thirds (60.4%, n = 160) indicated they were satisfied with their use of marijuana, 1.5% (n = 4) indicated they were currently seeking or in treatment for marijuana use, and 0.4% (n = 1) did not provide a response. More men (44.60%) than women (32.30%) indicated they were open to changing or currently thinking about changing their marijuana use by using less or by reducing marijuana’s negative effects. Young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their use reported significantly more hours high in a typical week and more marijuana consequences than those who were satisfied with their use of marijuana. Finally, young adults who indicated they were open to or thinking about changing their use reported significantly higher scores for the following seven marijuana motives: coping, boredom, altered perceptions, social anxiety, perceived low risk, sleep, and availability. No differences were found for five marijuana motives: enjoyment, conformity, experimentation, alcohol-related, and celebration. Conclusions. Findings underscore the potential role of negative consequences as a motivator for young adults’ interest in reducing their marijuana use. Coping motives, social anxiety motives, and sleep motives may be of particular importance with respect to young adults’ self-motivation to change and facilitating the process of change.
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Dunaief, Rebecca, Adrian Bravo, Elefteherios Hetelekides, Victoria Chentsova, Cody Raeder, and James Henson. "Changes in Mental Health as a Predictor of Marijuana Coping Motives and Consequences: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 on College Students." In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.12.
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Background: The spread of COVID-19 has increased anxiety and depression (Khan et al., 2020), especially among college students (Wang et al., 2020). Several theoretical models focus on the impact of poor mental health on marijuana outcomes, largely via coping motives (Cooper et al., 2016). College students may be turning to marijuana to cope with the mental health problems that COVID-19 has exacerbated. The present study compared students who reported increases in anxiety and depression since COVID-19 stay-at-home orders to those who reported no change in anxiety and depression on marijuana coping motives, use frequency, and negative consequences. Specifically, we examined whether self-reported changes (i.e., group that indicated increases) in poor mental health during COVID-19 were associated with problematic marijuana use via higher marijuana coping motives. Method: Students were recruited to participate in an online study examining the effects of COVID-19 on mental health and substance use between Fall 2020 - Spring 2021. Given aims of the present study, our analytic sample was limited to 300 students that reported past-month marijuana use and completed measures of changes in mental health due to COVID-19 (single item each for depression and anxiety), measure of general depression/anxiety, and measures of marijuana use, motives, and negative consequences. Among our analytic sample, a majority of participants identified as being White (61.0%), female (71.3%), college freshman (46.8%), and reported a mean age of 20.36 (Median = 19.00; SD = 3.78) years. To test study aims, we conducted two mediation models (changes in depression [Model 1] or anxiety [Model 2] due to COVID-19→marijuana coping motives→ marijuana consequences) using the PROCESS Macro (Hayes, 2013) in SPSS. Results: Within our analytic sample, we found that 58% of students reported increases in depression since COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, with the remainder (42%) reporting no change. For anxiety, trends were similar, with 63.6% indicating increases in anxiety due to COVID-19, with the remainder (36.4%) reporting no change. Within both of our mediational models, we found support for coping motives mediating the effects of changes in mental health on marijuana problems (depression model: indirect effect = 0.65, 95% CIs = 0.29, 1.08; anxiety model: indirect effect = 0.57, 95% CIs = 0.22, 0.98). Specifically, we found that students reporting an increase in anxiety/depression (compared to those that indicated their mental health remained the same) reported more marijuana problems via higher marijuana use coping motives. It is important to note that we found these effects even when controlling for past month marijuana use frequency and past 2-week depression/anxiety levels (assessed via DASS-21). Conclusions: We found that in young adults, increases in levels of anxiety and depression due to COVID-19 were associated with higher problematic marijuana use through higher motivation to use marijuana to cope. Future prevention/interventions efforts targeting problematic marijuana use may benefit from considering changes to mental health before or during major events like COVID-19.
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Pilatti, Angelina, Adrian Bravo, Yanina Michelini, Gabriela Rivarola Montejano, and Ricardo Pautassi. "Contexts of Marijuana Use: A Latent Class Analysis among Argentinean College Students." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.23.
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Background: Substance use and the association between substance-related variables and outcomes seem to be context dependent. We employed Latent Class Analysis (LCA), a person-centered approach, to identify distinct subpopulations based on contexts of marijuana use. We also examined whether the resulting classes differ in a set of marijuana-related variables that hold promise as potential targets of interventions. Method: A sample of 1083 Argentinean college students (64% women; M age = 19.73±3.95) completed an online survey that assessed substance use and related variables (motives for substance use, protective behavioral strategies [PBS] and internalization of the college marijuana use culture). For the present study, only data from students that reported last month (i.e., past 30-day) marijuana use (n = 158) were included in the analysis. Participants reported whether or not they used marijuana in different places (i.e., own house, party at home, friends’ house, parties at friends' house, university party, non-university party, bar, dance-club, outside [street, park], or pregaming) or social contexts (i.e., alone, with family members, strangers, boyfriend/girlfriend, close friend, small group of same-sex friends, ≥10 same-sex friends, small co-ed group of friends, ≥10 co-ed friends). Results: LCA identified a 2-classes model for marijuana use context. Class 1 comprised 40% of last-month marijuana users. Students within this class endorsed a high probability of consuming marijuana across different places (e.g., at home, at parties, outdoors) and social contexts (e.g., close friend and in small same sex and coed groups). Participants in Class 2 exhibited a low endorsement of marijuana use across contexts, yet they reported a moderate to high probability of using marijuana with a small group of same-sex friends or with the close friend, at a friend’s home. The two classes significantly differed, as shown by Student’s t, on all marijuana outcomes (i.e., use and negative consequences) and marijuana-related variables (motives, PBS and internalization of the college marijuana use culture). Students in class 2 exhibited significantly less marijuana use, both in terms of frequency and quantity, and less marijuana-related negative consequences than those in class 1. The latter class exhibited more normative perceptions about marijuana use in college, more marijuana use motives -particularly social, coping and expansion motives- and less use of PBS than students in class 2 did. Conclusions: Our findings revealed subpopulations of college students that are heterogeneous regarding contexts of marijuana use, patterns of use and in a number of relevant variables. These distinctive subpopulations require different targeted interventions.
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Wallace, Elliot, Li-Hui Chu, and Jason Ramirez. "An Examination of Relationships Between Mental Health Symptoms, Marijuana Use Motives, and Marijuana Use Outcomes Among Late Adolescents in Washington State." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.13.
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Adolescence is a critical period of development which can be affected by the initiation and escalation of marijuana use. Examining risk factors of marijuana misuse among adolescents is a public health priority. Previous research examining depression and anxiety as risk factors for marijuana use among young adults is mixed. Some studies found a positive relationship between mental health symptoms and marijuana use, while other studies have found gender-specific relationships or no relationship at all. Despite this research, little is known regarding mental health symptoms and marijuana use among adolescents. The aims of current analysis were to 1) examine associations between mental health symptoms and marijuana use behavior among adolescents, and 2) examine coping motives as a moderator of the relationship between mental health symptoms and marijuana outcomes. The current study included 170 late adolescents (15-18 years old, Mage = 16.86, SDage = 0.94, 50% female) recruited from Washington State. The sample was stratified by gender and marijuana use such that participants ranged from never using marijuana to reporting heavy, regular marijuana use. Participants were asked to complete three online assessments over the course of six months. Data described here come from the first online assessment. This included a 4-item measure of mental health symptoms (depression and anxiety) in the past 2 weeks, in addition to measures of marijuana use, marijuana-related consequences, and marijuana use motives. A series of initial linear regression models that controlled for age and sex found that mental health symptoms were not significantly associated with typical marijuana use (p > .05) but were significantly positively associated with marijuana-related consequences (β = 0.33, p < .001). Additional models that also included coping motives found that stronger endorsement of using marijuana to cope with negative affect was associated with more hours high in a typical week (β = 0.25, p < .05) and more marijuana-related consequences (β = 0.24, p < .05). There were no significant interactions between coping motives and mental health symptoms in predicting either marijuana use or consequences (ps > .05). The findings suggest that adolescents who report more mental health symptoms do not necessarily use more marijuana than those who report fewer symptoms, but may be at greater risk for experiencing negative consequences as a result of their usage. Additionally, the results suggest a stronger endorsement of using marijuana to cope with negative affect is related to greater marijuana use and risk for experiencing negative consequences. No evidence of moderation was found suggesting the relationships between mental health symptoms and marijuana use outcomes do not vary as a function of coping motives. Screening during adolescence for early signs of mental health symptoms to predict risk may be beneficial towards preventing negative outcomes and providing early interventions for marijuana misuse.
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Kalinina, M. A., A. V. Savicheva, M. V. Prokhorova, and L. N. Ponomaryova. "The phenomenon of giftnedness in the field of youth entrepreneurship." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.538.550.
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Youth entrepreneurship can become one of the driving locomotives in the development of the Russian economy. The empirical investigation aimed at eliciting youth potential and feasibility of promoting their giftedness in the entrepreneurial sphere. 220 students and postgraduates of 13 universities, located in 12 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, participated in it. The research was conducted by means of a questionnaire during the all-Russian program for the development of the youth project environment “Innograd — 2019: my start”. Content-analysis and descriptive statistics methods were used for data processing. The phenomenon of giftedness to entrepreneurial activity, based on a set of interconnected psychic determinants, including creativity, intrinsic motivation, perseverance in achieving goals, leadership and organizational skills, non-conformism, may be discussed only in exceptional cases (about 1 %). Meanwhile, modern youth has the potential to start a business and connects their professional future with it. Youth entrepreneurship is a multi-motivated activity. External positive and external negative, internal motives are combined into a single structure. It is internal motives, prompted by the needs for self-realization and independence that determine entrepreneurial giftedness. Modern young people consider the main barriers to launching their own business to be outside. To these they refer deficiency of start-up capital, lack of knowledge and adverse environmental factors. Supportive measures, provided by the state through the creation of appropriate infrastructure, eliminate the majority of the difficulties and reduce the risks in setting up own businesses. For young people, gifted in the business field, these barriers are conditional.
Reports on the topic "1-motives"
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Casey, Jonathan, Alexander Bisaro, Alvaro Valverde, Marlon Martinez, and Martin Rokitzki. Private finance investment opportunities in climate-smart agriculture technologies. Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20220030734.
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This investor-focused study analyses the role of private finance in climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technology innovation and deployment in Africa and Asia. It focuses in on the perspectives of investors, identifies technologies and areas that demonstrate commercial viability and investment potential, profiles existing investments in CSA technologies, explores the motives and incentives that may attract investors to financing CSA technology companies, and provides a more nuanced understanding of the barriers and bottlenecks that exist for mobilizing greater investment for CSA technology. The findings are based on evidence from 28 interviews with investors and other CSA technology stakeholders, and a review of more than 100 relevant reports and publications. Most investors tend to approach climate challenges from the perspective of environmental, social, and corporate governance(ESG) screening, looking first at risk, and building from a 'do no harm' perspective, rather than seeking to identify solutionoriented technology investments. Less than 1% of private climate finance is currently directed towards CSA, with enterprises struggling to find appropriately costed investment capital. Increasing private financial flows to emerging and developing economies needs to be supported by proactively connecting available capital with investable opportunities and encouraging new market structures and business models.
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Flerlage, Carolin, Andrea Bernholt, and Ilka Parchmann. Anhang zum Beitrag: MOOCs in der Hochschullehre - Motive und Erwartungen von Lehrenden und Studierenden. Kiel: Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.38071/2023-00113-3.
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Anhang zum Artikel "MOOCs in der Hochschullehre - Motive und Erwartungen von Lehrenden und Studierenden" Erschienen in Zeitschrift für Hochschulentwicklung Jg.18 (2023) Heft 1 ISSN 2219-6994 Seite 171 - 191
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Wittberg, Sara. Standardisering för individuell prövning: En kartläggning av kommunala riktlinjer för bistånd till äldreomsorg – funktion och inverkan. Linköping University Electronic Press, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180752886.
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Cutbacks and austerity measures were in 2019 estimated in a quarter of the Swedish municipalities because of financial deficit. Due to the urbanization the conditions of the municipalities vary, creating different challenges and possibilities to provide for the necessary welfare service such as elder care. Despite a growing population of older people, previous research shows a decline in residential homes since 1980 as well as a decrease in caretakers receiving home help services. According to an inspection of the Health and Social Care Inspectorate (Inspektionen för vård och omsorg) local policy guidelines, for elder care assessment, are being used to reduce the dissimilarities in decision-making within the municipalities and to control the financial costs by adapting criteria and care limits for the needs assessment. Criticism has, by the Swedish Ombudsman, been directed towards the use of municipal guidelines for not complying with the law and case-law. Despite previous research indicating the usage of municipal guidelines in the needs assessment and decision-making process, municipal guidelines are still a relatively unexplored field. The aim of this thesis is therefore to understand the role of municipal guidelines, for elder care assessment, with regard to the law and the application of the law as well as the role municipal guidelines play according to politicians. In order to achieve this, the following has been examined: 1) the spread and content of the municipal guidelines, 2) the creation and political motives for establishing the guidelines and 3) how the care managers view their impact on the decision-making process. The methods used are semi-structured interviews, a survey, and a documentation review. The result shows that municipal guidelines are politically established, that they are widely spread and can be found in 274 out of 290 Swedish municipalities. According to the survey the guidelines contain guidance of law, case-law, and the like, as well as criteria and limits for the needs assessment and decision-making of elder care service. The result indicates that the local guidelines compensate for the ambiguity of the Social Services Act (Socialtjänstlagen 2001:453) by reinstating bureaucracy. By limiting the discretion, the guidelines aim to compensate for the lack of competence as well as create certainty and enable political responsibility for the usage of municipal resources as well as accountability between politicians, care managers and citizens. By standardizing, the aim is to achieve equality and legal certainty despite risking the fundamental intentions of the Social Service Act as a framework law designed for individual needs assessment. This study highlights the need to invest necessary resources into creating guidelines in order to make them more accessible, lawful and ensure legal certainty. The conditions, however, vary noteworthy between the municipalities. As a solution, the National Board of Health and Welfare, or some other authority, could be held responsible for developing national guidelines – regularly up to date and based on current law and case-law. In summary, this study shows that municipal guidelines have a widespread impact on the decision-making of care managers. The municipal guidelines thereby have a central role in the application of the law with a noteworthy potential impact on individuals and the help warranted to older people as a consequence.
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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.
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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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Ramírez, Andrea, Sabrina González Barbosa, Flávia Guerra, Alejandra Ramos-Galvez, Simone Sandholz, Michael Roll, Mariana Campos-Sánchez, Ana Iris Enríquez-Alcaraz, Andrea Villasís-Escobedo, and Óscar Jair Pozos-Espinosa. Perfil del Laboratorio Urbano TUC: León, México. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/udaq9889.
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Después de casi dos años de funcionamiento, los desafíos y logros clave del Laboratorio Urbano (LU) TUC establecido en León, Guanajuato, México, proporcionan lecciones valiosas para mantener las actividades en curso, acelerar transformaciones más amplias y guiar iniciativas similares en otros lugares: 1. ESTABLECER LA LU COMO UN ESPACIO NEUTRAL PARA EL DIÁLOGO Y LA COLABORACIÓN: El LU León se ha convertido en un espacio de discusiones constructivas, involucrando gradualmente a múltiples partes interesadas y fomentando la colaboración, a pesar de los diferentes intereses. Sin embargo, se necesitan más esfuerzos para identificar y empoderar a nuevos liderazgos para mantener, institucionalizar y ampliar los procesos y resultados del LU. Potenciar la implicación de la comunidad, no solo en la implementación, sino también en la planificación y el mantenimiento de las soluciones, podría maximizar el impacto del LU. 2. FOMENTAR EL CAMBIO URBANO A TRAVÉS DE LA PARTICIPACIÓN Y NUEVOS LIDERAZGOS: La diversidad de intereses y agendas representadas en el LU León fomentó la experimentación en la intersección de los desafíos ambientales, climáticos y sociales. Si bien las iniciativas del LU promovieron el liderazgo comunitario, especialmente la movilización de lideresas comunitarias, se necesita un mayor compromiso estratégico para fomentar una participación ciudadana significativa en la dinámica del cambio urbano, incluidas las decisiones políticas y de inversiones relacionadas con el clima. 3. DESARROLLO DE CAPACIDADES Y SINERGIAS PARA LA ACCIÓN CLIMÁTICA: El desarrollo de capacidades puede mejorar el impacto del LU a través de habilidades que motiven la apropiación del proyecto por parte de la comunidad y los cambios en los estilos de vida y comportamientos. En particular, habilidades en comunicación transformadora pueden reforzar cambios sociales como un medio para facilitar la identificación de sinergias y el enriquecimiento mutuo entre las agendas climáticas y de justicia social.
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Ramírez, Andrea, Sabrina González Barbosa, Flávia Guerra, Alejandra Ramos-Galvez, Simone Sandholz, Michael Roll, Mariana Campos-Sánchez, Ana Iris Enríquez-Alcaraz, Andrea Villasís-Escobedo, and Óscar Jair Pozos-Espinosa. Perfil del Laboratorio Urbano TUC: León, México. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/dxbp3080.
Full textAbstract:
Después de casi dos años de funcionamiento, los desafíos y logros clave del Laboratorio Urbano (LU) TUC establecido en León, Guanajuato, México, proporcionan lecciones valiosas para mantener las actividades en curso, acelerar transformaciones más amplias y guiar iniciativas similares en otros lugares: 1. ESTABLECER LA LU COMO UN ESPACIO NEUTRAL PARA EL DIÁLOGO Y LA COLABORACIÓN: El LU León se ha convertido en un espacio de discusiones constructivas, involucrando gradualmente a múltiples partes interesadas y fomentando la colaboración, a pesar de los diferentes intereses. Sin embargo, se necesitan más esfuerzos para identificar y empoderar a nuevos liderazgos para mantener, institucionalizar y ampliar los procesos y resultados del LU. Potenciar la implicación de la comunidad, no solo en la implementación, sino también en la planificación y el mantenimiento de las soluciones, podría maximizar el impacto del LU. 2. FOMENTAR EL CAMBIO URBANO A TRAVÉS DE LA PARTICIPACIÓN Y NUEVOS LIDERAZGOS: La diversidad de intereses y agendas representadas en el LU León fomentó la experimentación en la intersección de los desafíos ambientales, climáticos y sociales. Si bien las iniciativas del LU promovieron el liderazgo comunitario, especialmente la movilización de lideresas comunitarias, se necesita un mayor compromiso estratégico para fomentar una participación ciudadana significativa en la dinámica del cambio urbano, incluidas las decisiones políticas y de inversiones relacionadas con el clima. 3. DESARROLLO DE CAPACIDADES Y SINERGIAS PARA LA ACCIÓN CLIMÁTICA: El desarrollo de capacidades puede mejorar el impacto del LU a través de habilidades que motiven la apropiación del proyecto por parte de la comunidad y los cambios en los estilos de vida y comportamientos. En particular, habilidades en comunicación transformadora pueden reforzar cambios sociales como un medio para facilitar la identificación de sinergias y el enriquecimiento mutuo entre las agendas climáticas y de justicia social.
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Malmquist, Louise, and Jennie Barron. Högfrekvent vattenföringsmätning i Braån, Loftaån, Örsundaån och Ösan år 2022 till 2023. Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.103r5g5o99.
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Flertalet extrema väderhändelser de senaste åren har blottlagt sårbarheter inom svenskt lantbruk gällande vattenretention, dränering och avrinning i odlingslandskapen. För utvärdering och långsiktig sammanhängande planering av klimatanpassningsåtgärder finns emellertid luckor mellan analysverktyg som modeller och satellitdata med tillhörande bearbetningsprodukter, och in situ observationer med god spatial och temporal upplösning för verifiering av storskalig data. Som ett led i att utvärdera vattenbalansen och retentionskapacitet under inverkan av extremväder inom fyra svenska jordbruksdominerade avrinningsområden (Ösan, Loftaån, Örsundaån och Braån) utfördes vattenföringsmätningar i huvudvattendragen i respektive avrinningsområde. Syftet var att erhålla kalibrerings- och valideringsdata över vattenföring inkluderande extrema hög och lågflöden med tätare tidsintervall för att komplettera avrinningsdata som finns tillgängligt lokalt och från SMHI för avrinningsområdena idag. Vattennivå mättes under våren 2022 till våren 2023 med 10-minutersintervall i Loftaån, Örsundaån och Braån med TD-Diver® modell 11.11.04.02. Lokala avbördningskurvor beräknades från manuella mätningar vid 5 tillfällen fördelade efter säsong och flödesregim. Mätningarna i Örsundaån kompletterades med flödesmätning genom Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV teknik) och bearbetning till vattenföring i programvaran Fudaa-LSPIV version.1.9.2. Mätningarna i Ösan utfördes var 15e minut automatiskt med akustisk mätare (SonTEK IQ +). Avbördningskurvorna för Loftaån (R2 = 0.96) och Braån (R2 = 0.95)visar relativt bra samband trots fåtal manuella mätningar.- Örsundaån gav ett gott samband (R2 = 0.86). Men med största sannolikhet underskattade lågflöden. Tillförlitligheten hos de manuellt uppmätta flödesresultaten visade på störst relativ standardavvikelse för Örsundaån (4.3 till 15.1 %). Mätningarna i Loftaån och Braån resulterade i lägst relativ standardavvikelse (2.9 till 3.7 % för Loftaån respektive 3.6 till 6.2 % för Braån). I jämförelse med SMHI modellerade data visar observerade data för Loftaån och Ösan lägre högflöden och högre lågflöden. För Örsundaån var lågflöden högre för SMHIs modellerade värden jämfört med observerade. För Braån å andra sidan var observerade data genomgående högre jämfört med modellerad vattenföring. medianavvikelsen mellan SMHI modellerad data och observerad data varierade mellan -0.39 m3 s-1 (Ösan, Stdev 4.19 m3 s-1) och +0.5 m3 s-1 (Örsundaån Stdev 0.69 m3 s-1). Vattenföring är vidare en signifikant indikator av kväve- och fosforladdning i svenska avrinningsområden och avvikelser mellan modellerad- och observerad vattenföring har visat sig påverka utslaget vid beräkning av näringsbelastning i svenska vattendrag. Nationellt finns emellertid en större databas av vattenkvalitetsmätningar än vattenkvantitet varav osäkerheten i manuell beräkning och vid modellering av vattenkvalitet kan minskas, men med risk för överkompensation av parametrar kopplade till vattenkvantitet. Sammanfattningsvis är osäkerheten i extrapolering av avbördningskurvorna till låg- och högflöden en begränsning av observerad data för användning för kalibrering/validering av extrema väderförhållanden. För en nationell överblick finns ett behov av ökad insamling av högupplöst data på både spatial och temporal data som fångar både hög- och lågflöden för att korrekt motivera och dimensionera åtgärder mot både översvämningsrisk och torka/vattenbrist i odlingslandskapet.
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Näslund, Joacim, Björn Ardestam, Malin Hällbom, Ola Renman, and Thomas Staveley. Båtelfiske i lugnflytande åar 2021 – metod, resultat och erfarenheter. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.76acmsrd73.
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Båtelfiske är en provtagningsmetod som använts relativt sparsamt i Sverige. Denna rapport sammanfattar en provtagningsinsats i företrädelsevis lugnflytande vattendrag i södra Sverige under år 2021. Syftet med provtagningen var att med en ny standardiserad metod [vilken togs fram i samband med detta provfiske, men har publicerats separat (Havs- och vattenmyndigheten, Övervakningsmanual för akvatisk miljöövervakning: Fisk i rinnande vatten – elfiskebåt, version 1.0)] samla in ett dataunderlag som kan används för utveckling av bedömningsgrunder för ekologisk status inom vattenförvaltningen. Eftersom mer data kommer krävas för att utveckla robusta bedömningsgrunder fokuserar rapporten huvudsakligen på att 1) beskriva och motivera metoder och val av insamlad data, 2) beskriva fångsterna i grova drag, i förhållande till tidigare skattad fysikaliskkemisk status och ett antal omgivningsvariabler, och 3) undersöka vilka typer av vattendrag som vi saknar data från efter insatsen 2021. Rapporten avslutas med en sektion som presenterar de erfarenheter vi fått under 2021 års elfisken. Totalt fångades 18 arter och 8885 individer i 18 vattenförekomster (38 provfiskeplatser). Arterna som fångades i flest provfisken var: mört (18 vattenförekomster, vfk; 37 provfiskeplatser, pfp), abborre (17; 34), benlöja (16 vfk; 31 pfp), gädda (15 vfk; 29 pfp) och sarv (9 vfk; 16 pfp). Vi noterade att ovanligare arter med känd förekomst i ett vattendrag inte alltid fångas, att bottenlevande arter inte fångades i särskilt stor utsträckning, att gädda tenderar att fly undan elfiskebåten på ickehåvbart avstånd och att stimlevande fisk (t.ex. benlöja och yngel av karpfisk) till relativt stor andel kan missas när mängden individer som påverkas av elfisket är stor. Med kännedom om dessa skevheter i data (d.v.s. jämfört den antagna faktiska fiskförekomsten) torde dock ändå bedömningar om den ekologiska statusen gå att göra, åtminstone i grova drag, t.ex. genom analys av relativ frekvens och storleksfördelning av vanligt förekommande arter. Olika miljövariablers relation till fångsten (antal arter och antal individer) undersöktes grafiskt med slutsatsen att mer data krävs för att se generella mönster. Observerad dödlighet var i genomsnitt 3,4 %, men variationen mellan olika provfiskeplatser var stor (spann 0 – 31 %). Överlag var dock observerad dödlighet betydligt lägre än 10 %. Vad gäller fördröjd dödlighet är läget idag okänt. Vattendragstyper där data saknas efter 2021 års båtelfisken utgör en allt för lång lista för att summeras i denna sammanfattning (se istället sammanställning i Tabell 2-5). Generellt anser vi att den nya standardiserade metoden förefaller fungera bra i medelstora vattendrag med relativt höga fisktätheter, däremot verkar det finnas potentiella problem att fånga tillräcklig mängd fisk i större vattendrag (antagligen på grund av att fisken är mer rumsmässigt utspridd).