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Journal articles on the topic '1-ethyl-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Goyal, Navneet. "1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Hydrochloride (EDCI×HCl)." Synlett 2010, no. 02 (January 2010): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1219043.

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2

NAKAZONO, Manabu, Junko IJICHI, Yoshihito OHBA, and Kiyoshi ZAITSU. "Chemiluminescence Enhancer of Polyphenols, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide." Analytical Sciences 14, no. 4 (1998): 853–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.14.853.

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3

Kumar, Rakesh, Awdhesh Kumar Shukla, Ellis Bagga, Sunita Kumari, Ram Prakash Bajpai, and Lalit M. Bharadwaj. "1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide interference with Lowry method." Analytical Biochemistry 336, no. 1 (January 2005): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2004.09.038.

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4

Wang, Qian, Hang Zhou, Yongqiang Sun, Chengbo Cao, and Kunpeng Pang. "Modified acellular porcine corneal matrix in deep lamellar transplantation of rabbit cornea." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 34, no. 8 (January 2, 2020): 1092–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328219898372.

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This study presents to develop a modified acellular porcine corneal matrix (MAPCM) to maintain high transparency, stability and biocompatibility as a rabbit deep cornea replacement using 1-ethyl-3–(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide crosslinking and a mild decellularization technique. Scaffolds are translucent and remain higher amount of glycosaminoglycans after decellularization than acellular porcine corneal matrix (APCM). Enzymatic degradation kinetics and mechanical properties of scaffolds are regulated by 1-ethyl-3–(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide -crosslinking density. The porous structure and ultrastructure of collagenous lamellae are maintained, and the pore size of MAPCM crosslinked with 0.5% (w/v) 1-ethyl-3–(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide is 13.26 ± 1.65 µm, similar to that of normal porcine cornea. The transmittance of MAPCM gets 79.1 ± 0.45 to 92.7 ± 1.4% in the visible light range. Results from a CCK-8 assay indicate that MAPCM gets higher cell proliferation rate of rabbit corneal stroma cells than APCM. Since collagen fibres structural integrity and regularity of MAPCM are retained after crosslinking, the opacity and stability of MAPCM are better than those of APCM within 4 weeks of animal implantation. In addition, there is no indication of an immune response or neovascularization in or around the transplanted disc. These results reveal that MAPCM may be a more suitable scaffold for corneal substitute construction.
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5

Miao, Yanming. "Application of BSA-bioconjugated phosphorescence nanohybrids in protein detection in biofluids." RSC Advances 5, no. 94 (2015): 76804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11691k.

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In this study, a cross-linking agent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) was used to link QDs and bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form a nanohybrid BSA–Mn-ZnS Room-Temperature Phosphorescence (RTP) biosensor.
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6

Lee, J. M., H. H. L. Edwards, C. A. Pereira, and S. I. Samii. "Crosslinking of tissue-derived biomaterials in 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC)." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 7, no. 9 (September 1996): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00122176.

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7

Kubilius, Matthew B., and Raymond S. Tu. "Circular Dichroistic Impacts of 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylurea: Secondary Structure Artifacts Arising from Bioconjugation Using 1-Ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide." ACS Omega 2, no. 11 (November 21, 2017): 8308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01288.

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8

Wang, Delong, and Hui Shi. "An Unexpected Reaction of Isodehydracetic Acid with Amines in the Presence of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Hydrochloride Yields a New Type of β-Enaminones." Molecules 25, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092131.

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The reaction of isodehydracetic acid with amines was serendipitously found to afford β-enaminones in the presence of the coupling agent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). Under the optimal reaction condition, 23 examples of α-aminomethylene glutaconic anhydride were obtained at approximately 30−80% yields. This is a concise, operationally simple method to expediently synthesize a new type of β-enaminone-containing compound.
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9

Tropini, V., J. P. Lens, W. J. Mulder, and F. Silvestre. "Wheat gluten films cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide." Industrial Crops and Products 20, no. 3 (November 2004): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2003.10.012.

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10

Stankova, Ivanka, Stoyan Schichkov, Kalina Kostova, and Angel Galabov. "New Analogues of Acyclovir – Synthesis and Biological Activity." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 65, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2010): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2010-1-205.

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New acyclovir esters with peptidomimetics were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antiviral activity against the replication of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). The infl uence of peptidomimetics containing oxazole and thiazolyl-thiazole moieties on the antiviral activity is also reported. The esters were synthesized using the coupling reagents N-ethyl-N’-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP) as a catalyst.
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11

OHBA, Yoshihito, Mariko YAMASHITA, Manabu NAKAZONO, Li MA, and Kiyoshi ZAITSU. "Flow Injection Analysis for Pyrogallol Using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide as Polyphenol Chemiluminescence Enhancer." Analytical Sciences 16, no. 9 (2000): 979–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.16.979.

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12

Özer, Nazmi, and Inci Özer. "Differential reactivity of active sites in human plasma cholinesterase toward 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 255, no. 1 (May 1987): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(87)90297-9.

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13

Moshnikova, A. B., V. N. Afanasyev, O. V. Proussakova, S. Chernyshov, V. Gogvadze, and I. P. Beletsky. "Cytotoxic activity of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide is underlain by DNA interchain cross-linking." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 63, no. 2 (January 2006): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-005-5383-x.

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14

Christodoulides, M. "Optimal conditions for the toxoiding of pertussis toxin with 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide · HCl." FEMS Microbiology Letters 47, no. 8-9 (December 1989): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1097(89)90269-3.

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15

Deng, Yu, Dengru Liu, Guocheng Du, Xiufen Li, and Jian Chen. "Preparation and characterization of hyaluronan/chitosan scaffold cross- linked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide." Polymer International 56, no. 6 (2007): 738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.2197.

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16

Park, Byeong-ung, Sang Min Park, Kyoung-pil Lee, Seong Jin Lee, Yu Eun Nam, Han Sang Park, Seongsu Eom, Jeong Ok Lim, Dong Sung Kim, and Hong Kyun Kim. "Collagen immobilization on ultra-thin nanofiber membrane to promote in vitro endothelial monolayer formation." Journal of Tissue Engineering 10 (January 2019): 204173141988783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731419887833.

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The endothelialization on the poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber has been limited due to its low hydrophilicity. The aim of this study was to immobilize collagen on an ultra-thin poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber membrane without altering the nanofiber structure and maintaining the endothelial cell homeostasis on it. We immobilized collagen on the poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber using hydrolysis by NaOH treatment and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/sulfo- N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide reaction as a cost-effective and stable approach. NaOH was first applied to render the poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber hydrophilic. Subsequently, collagen was immobilized on the surface of the poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofibers using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/sulfo- N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy were used to verify stable collagen immobilization on the surface of the poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofibers and the maintenance of the original structure of poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofibers. Furthermore, human endothelial cells were cultured on the collagen-immobilized poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber membrane and expressed tight junction proteins with the increase in transendothelial electrical resistance, which demonstrated the maintenance of the endothelial cell homeostasis on the collagen-immobilized-poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber membrane. Thus, we expected that this process would be promising for maintaining cell homeostasis on the ultra-thin poly (ε-caprolactone) nanofiber scaffolds.
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17

Yan, Shu-Qin, Qiang Zhang, Jian-Nan Wang, and Ming-Zhong Li. "Characterization of Silk Fibroin/Hyaluronic Acid Blend Film Cross-linked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide." Journal of Fiber Bioengineering and Informatics 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2010): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3993/jfbi09201001.

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18

Christodoulides, M., R. Parton, and D. E. S. Stewart-Tull. "Optimal conditions for the toxoiding of pertussis toxin with 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide · HCl." FEMS Microbiology Letters 47, no. 8-9 (December 1989): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb02434.x.

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19

Park, Si-Nae, Jong-Chul Park, Hea Ok Kim, Min Jung Song, and Hwal Suh. "Characterization of porous collagen/hyaluronic acid scaffold modified by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide cross-linking." Biomaterials 23, no. 4 (February 2002): 1205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00235-6.

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20

Lee, Ming-Wei, Chia-Lu Hung, Jian-Chuan Cheng, and Yng-Jiin Wang. "A new anti-adhesion film synthesized from polygalacturonic acid with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide crosslinker." Biomaterials 26, no. 18 (June 2005): 3793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.10.009.

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21

Shan, Jiamin, Cholhwan Kim, Zefei Zhang, Linshan Wang, and Ting Sun. "Adsorption of BSA on carbon-coated Fe3O4 microspheres activated with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 33, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-018-1777-0.

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22

Feng, Zichao, Ruina Ma, An Du, Yinan Zhang, Xue Zhao, Yongzhe Fan, and Xiaoming Cao. "Enhanced Performance of Near-Infrared-Absorption CdSeTe Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells Via Octa-Aminopropyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Modification." Nano 14, no. 07 (July 2019): 1950087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292019500875.

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The charge recombination caused by surface defects limits photovoltaic properties of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), which can be suppressed by modifying organic or inorganic molecules and atomic ligands. In this paper, octa-aminopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OA-POSS) connected and modified near-infrared absorption CdSeTe quantum dots (QDs) through coupling agent (1-ethyl-3-3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide hydrochloride). The results suggest that OA-POSS reduces the surface defects of CdSeTe QDs and suppresses charge recombination. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency improves nearly 41%, which increases from 2.00% to 2.82%.
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23

Jia, Li Yong, Ning Gan, Lei Zheng, and Qian Wang. "A Novel Amperometric Immunosensor Based on Thionine/DNA Self-Assembled Multilayers on Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glass Carbon Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1170.

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A novel amperometric immunosensor for the determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was constructed using multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified glass carbon electrode.thionine as the mediator,were immobilized by DNA throngh the layer-by-layer method. Thionine was first fabricated on carbon nanotubes modified glass carbon throngh 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide(EDC/NHS).then a negatively charged DNA film was absorbed on the positively charged thionine,and the DNA was uesd as cross-linker to immobiled amount thionine.nano-Au-was used to immobilized anti-AFP.The electrochemical sensor have a relatively low detection limit of 0.02ng/ml.
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24

Hu, Chih-Chien, Selvaraj Rajesh Kumar, Truong Thi Tuong Vi, Yu-Tzu Huang, Dave W. Chen, and Shingjiang Jessie Lue. "Facilitating GL13K Peptide Grafting on Polyetheretherketone via 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide: Surface Properties and Antibacterial Activity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010359.

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In the present work, the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) of GL13K was successfully coated onto a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) substrate to investigate its antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. To improve the coating efficiency, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) was mixed with a GL13K solution and coated on the PEEK surface for comparison. Both energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data confirmed 30% greater peptide coating on PEEK/GL13K-EDC than PEEK without EDC treatment. The GL13K graft levels are depicted in the micrograms per square centimeter range. The PEEK/GL13K-EDC sample showed a smoother and lower roughness (Rq of 0.530 µm) than the PEEK/GL13K (0.634 µm) and PEEK (0.697 µm) samples. The surface of the PEEK/GL13K-EDC was more hydrophilic (with a water contact angle of 24°) than the PEEK/GL13K (40°) and pure PEEK (89°) samples. The pure PEEK disc did not exhibit any inhibition zone against S. aureus. After peptide coating, the samples demonstrated significant zones of inhibition: 28 mm and 25 mm for the PEEK/GL13K-EDC and PEEK/GL13K samples, respectively. The bacteria-challenged PEEK sample showed numerous bacteria clusters, whereas PEEK/GL13K contained a little bacteria and PEEK/GL13K-EDC had no bacterial attachment. The results confirm that the GL13K peptide coating was able to induce antibacterial and biofilm-inhibitory effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of successful GL13K peptide grafting on a PEEK substrate via EDC coupling. The present work illustrates a facile and promising coating technique for a polymeric surface to provide bactericidal activity and biofilm resistance to medical implantable devices.
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25

Coelho, Beatriz Serrato, Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Fabrício Scaini, Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo, Rafaela Mariana de Lara, and Flares Baratto-Filho. "Effects of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide on Adhesion of Posts in Teeth Obturated With Different Sealers." Brazilian Dental Journal 31, no. 4 (August 2020): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202002897.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) on bond strength of fiberglass posts in root canals obturated with different endodontic sealers. Seventy-eight mandibular premolars were obturated with three sealers (n=26): Endofill (END), AH Plus (AHP), and Endosequence BC Sealer (EBS). After preparation of the post space, two subgroups were formed according to the cementation of the posts (n=13): with EDC (EDC), and without EDC (control - CON). The specimens were submitted to a pull-out test, failure mode classification, and root canal surface evaluation by scanning electron microscopy after post displacement. Regarding the bond strength, a significant difference between the EDC and CON subgroups occurred only in the END (p=0.001). No difference was detected among the CON subgroups (p=0.339). However, among the EDC subgroups, AHP presented significantly higher values (END versus AHP: p=0.001; AHP versus EBS: p=0.016). Upon classification of failure modes, score 1 (≥ 50% of cement) was the most commonly observed, except for the END + EDC. Remains of endodontic sealers and resin cements were found in the cervical third, but without statistical difference (p=0.269), while in the middle third, difference occurred (p=0.004). In conclusion, EDC decreases bond strength when associated with END sealer, without changing the failure mode between the resin cement and fiberglass post. The best performance was observed when EDC was combined with AHP sealer.
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26

Tang, J. B. "Enhancing the Strength of the Tendon–Suture Interface Using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Hydrochloride and Cyanoacrylate." Yearbook of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery 2008 (January 2008): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1551-7977(08)79025-3.

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27

Zhao, Chunfeng, Yu-Long Sun, Mark E. Zobitz, Kai-Nan An, and Peter C. Amadio. "Enhancing the Strength of the Tendon–Suture Interface Using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Hydrochloride and Cyanoacrylate." Journal of Hand Surgery 32, no. 5 (May 2007): 606–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.03.004.

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28

Kołodziejska, Ilona, Barbara Piotrowska, Monika Bulge, and Robert Tylingo. "Effect of transglutaminase and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide on the solubility of fish gelatin–chitosan films." Carbohydrate Polymers 65, no. 4 (September 2006): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.01.025.

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29

Hupp, Christopher D., and Jetze J. Tepe. "1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Hydrochloride-Mediated Oxazole Rearrangement: Gaining Access to a Unique Marine Alkaloid Scaffold." Journal of Organic Chemistry 74, no. 9 (May 2009): 3406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo900264p.

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30

Lee, Ming-Wei, Hui-Ju Chen, and Shu-Wei Tsao. "Preparation, characterization and biological properties of Gellan gum films with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide cross-linker." Carbohydrate Polymers 82, no. 3 (October 2010): 920–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.06.019.

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31

Rexová-Benková, Lubomíra. "Evidence for the role of carboxyl groups in activity of endopolygalacturonase of Aspergillus niger. Chemical modification by carbodiimide reagent." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 5 (1990): 1389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19901389.

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Endopolygalacturonase (E.C. 3.2.1.15) of Aspergillus niger was modified with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and glycine ethyl ester. The modification resulted in total irreversible inactivation of the enzyme and derivatization of carboxyl acid residues and tyrosine residues. The treatment of the modified enzyme with hydroxylamine led to a restoration of modified tyrosine residues but not to reactivation of the enzyme. The inactivation with carbodiimide was pH dependent, the rate of inactivation increased with decreasing pH. Tri(D-galactosiduronic acid), a competitive inhibitor, or crosslinked pectic acid protected the enzyme against the inactivation. In bioaffinity chromatography of partially inactivated endopolygalacturonase, all residual enzyme activity was retained on the adsorbent while all inactive fraction passed without retardation through the column. On the basis of these results, as well as proximity of the rate constants for enzyme inactivation and the carboxyl group modification it is suggested that the loss of endopolygalacturonase activity is due to the modification of carboxylic acid residues and that at least one is essential for enzyme activity.
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32

Acharya, R. S., and R. V. P. Reddy. "GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATED PLGA NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCED BRAIN TARGETED DELIVERY OF A FLUORESCENT MARKER." INDIAN DRUGS 52, no. 10 (October 28, 2015): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.52.10.10307.

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The objective of the study was to investigate the biodistribution behavior of a fluorescent marker encapsulated in polymeric colloidal nanoparticulate system comprised of PLGA [poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid)] and also to quantify the uptake of fluorescein sodium by brain following intra nasal administration of formulation in vivo. The PLGA nanoparticles were coupled with glutathione, an endogenous transporter, for improving the brain specific delivery of fluorescein sodium by exploring carbodiimide chemistry using EDAC [1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide] as linker. The optimized formulation was characterized for in vitro and ex vivo release of fluorescein sodium from the formulation. The mean particle diameter of optimized fluorescein sodium loaded PLGA nanoparticles was found to be 115.25 ± 6.8 and 141.63± 4.5 nm for glutathione conjugated PLGA nanoparticles. The results from in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies reveal the significant capability of glutathione in achieving successful brain delivery of PLGA nanoparticles.
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33

Hitchcock, Shawn, Sayed Gafur, Stephanie Waggoner, Eric Jacobsen, and Christopher Hamaker. "Efficient Synthesis of Sulfinate Esters and Sulfinamides via Activated­ Esters of p-Toluenesulfinic Acid." Synthesis 50, no. 24 (August 21, 2018): 4855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610254.

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Sulfinate esters were prepared by the process of activating p-toluenesulfinic acid with either cyanuric chloride, methanesulfonyl chloride, or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC-HCl). Activation of p-toluenesulfinic acid with cyanuric chloride led to the formation of sulfinate esters that were accompanied by the formation of the corresponding sulfones. The use of methanesulfonyl chloride for activation via methanesulfonic p-toluenesulfinic anhydride afforded mixtures of sulfinate esters and methanesulfonates. The use of the carbodiimide EDC proved to yield the best results with the highly selective formation of the target sulfinate esters. The use of trimethylacetic p-toluenesulfinic anhydride or cyanuric chloride to achieve the synthesis of sulfinamides proved to be ineffective due to poor chemoselectivity of the nucleophilic attack on the activated p-toluenesulfinic acid anhydride. Ultimately, the use of EDC-HCl to form the sulfinamides proved to be the best pathway for synthesis.
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34

Eksin, Ece, Deniz Işın, Didem Nur Unal, and Arzum Erdem. "Electrochemical Monitoring of Interaction of Temozolamide with DNA by Graphene Oxide Modified Single-Use Electrodes." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 026513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac4db1.

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Graphene oxide (GO) modified single-use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) were used for electrochemical monitoring of surface confined interaction between Temozolamide (TMZ) and calf thymus double stranded DNA (ctdsDNA). First, the PGE surface was activated by EDC/NHS (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide) as covalent agents (CA). Then, modification of GO was done onto the surface of chemically activated PGE surface to obtain CA-GO-PGEs. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies were used to establish the interfacial electron transfer of the electrodes. The optimization of experimental conditions was carried out via CV technique followed by electrochemical examination of the interaction of TMZ with ctdsDNA.
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35

Perveen, Shagufta, Jeremy D. Kilburn, Areej M. Al-Taweel, and Mark E. Light. "Synthesis, Characterisation and Crystal Structure of a Novel Pyridyl Urea Macrocycle." Journal of Chemical Research 40, no. 12 (December 2016): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751916x14792878808106.

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A novel pyridyl urea based macrocycle has been synthesised and fully characterised including a single crystal X-ray structure determination. The synthetic approach first involves the reaction of benzyloxycarbonylaminopropyl-3-isocyanate with t-butyl 2-[(2-aminopyridin-3-yl)oxy]acetate resulting in a coupling product. After deprotection of the amine and acid moieties and coupling subsequent coupling in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), a macrocycle is formed. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The X-ray crystal structure of the macrocycle reveals as expected a non-binding conformation with an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the urea NH and the pyridyl nitrogen.
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36

Mitchell, David, Andrew J. Renda, Catherine A. Douds, Paul Babitzke, Sarah M. Assmann, and Philip C. Bevilacqua. "In vivo RNA structural probing of uracil and guanine base-pairing by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)." RNA 25, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.067868.118.

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Ahn, Jong-Ju, Hyung-Joon Kim, Eun-Bin Bae, Won-Tak Cho, YunJeong Choi, Su-Hyun Hwang, Chang-Mo Jeong, and Jung-Bo Huh. "Evaluation of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Cross-Linked Collagen Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration in Beagle Dogs." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 15, 2020): 4599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204599.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration efficacy of an 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)-cross-linked collagen membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR). A non-cross-linked collagen membrane (Control group), and an EDC-cross-linked collagen membrane (Test group) were used in this study. In vitro, mechanical, and degradation testing and cell studies were performed. In the animal study, 36 artificial bone defects were formed in the mandibles of six beagles. Implants were inserted at the time of bone grafting, and membranes were assigned randomly. Eight weeks later, animals were sacrificed, micro-computed tomography was performed, and hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens were prepared. Physical properties (tensile strength and enzymatic degradation rate) were better in the Test group than in the Control group. No inflammation or membrane collapse was observed in either group, and bone volumes (%) in defects around implants were similar in the two groups (p > 0.05). The results of new bone areas (%) analysis also showed similar values in the two groups (p > 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that cross-linking the collagen membranes with EDC is the method of enhancing the physical properties (tensile strength and enzymatic degradation) of the collagen membranes without risk of toxicity.
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Kazenwadel, F., H. Wagner, B. E. Rapp, and M. Franzreb. "Optimization of enzyme immobilization on magnetic microparticles using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) as a crosslinking agent." Analytical Methods 7, no. 24 (2015): 10291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02670a.

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Piotrowska, Barbara, Katarzyna Sztuka, Ilona Kołodziejska, and Elżbieta Dobrosielska. "Influence of transglutaminase or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) on the properties of fish-skin gelatin films." Food Hydrocolloids 22, no. 7 (October 2008): 1362–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2007.07.006.

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40

Taheri, Azade, Fatemeh Atyabi, Faranak Salman Nouri, Fatemeh Ahadi, Mohammad Ali Derakhshan, Mohsen Amini, Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani, Seyed Nasser Ostad, Pooria Mansoori, and Rassoul Dinarvand. "Nanoparticles of Conjugated Methotrexate-Human Serum Albumin: Preparation and Cytotoxicity Evaluations." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/768201.

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Methotrexate-human serum albumin conjugates were developed by a simple carbodiimide reaction. Methotrexate-human serum albumin conjugates were then crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HCl (EDC) to form nanoparticles. The size of nanoparticles determined by laser light scattering and TEM was between 90–150 nm. Nanoparticles were very stable at physiologic conditions (PBS pH 7.4, ) and after incubation with serum. The effect of amount of EDC used for crosslinking on the particle size and free amino groups of nanoparticles was examined. The amount of crosslinker showed no significant effect on the size of nanoparticles but free amino groups of nanoparticles were decreased by increasing the crosslinker. The physicochemical interactions between methotrexate and human serum albumin were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Nanoparticles were more cytotoxic on T47D cells compared to free methotrexate. Moreover, methotrexate-human serum albumin nanoparticles decreased the IC50 value of methotrexate on T47D cells in comparison with free methotrexate.
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Sunarso, Sunarso, Sutarno Sutarno, Kanji Tsuru, Ika Dewi Ana, and Kunio Ishikawa. "EFFECT OF CROSSLINKING TO THE MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF APATITE GELATIN HYBRID FOR BONE SUBSTITUTION PURPOSES." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 3 (December 20, 2011): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21391.

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The clinical success of current generation of synthetic bone substitute relies on bio-inspired design which has a performance level close to that of natural one. In this context, biomedical approaches are considered very important to result bio-functional hybrid for bone substitution purposes. In this study, effect of cross-linking to the mechanical properties of apatite gelatin hybrid has been investigated. Cross-linking was employed by 1-ethyl-3-3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC) agent. The EDC agent creates a peptide bond between gelatin molecules inside the hybrid to the cross-linked structure. Cross-linked structure of gelatin increases physical property of the hybrid since it can hold the outer forces longer than that of without cross-linking.
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42

DENG, HONG-TAO, YAN LIN, JUAN-JUAN WANG, ZHONG-YANG LIU, MIAO MA, and FEI ZHENG. "COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE IMMOBILIZATION OF LIPASE ON CHITOSAN GELS MODIFIED BY DIFFERENT HYDROPHOBIC GROUPS." Surface Review and Letters 16, no. 02 (April 2009): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x09012664.

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The hydrophobic surface modification of chitosan gels (CS) was carried out using the amidating reaction of amido groups on a gel surface with propionic acid, stearic acid, and benzoic acid, respectively, activated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Lipase from Candida rugosa was immobilized by adsorption on the nascent CS, propionyl-modified gels (PCS), stearyl-modified gels (SCS), and benzoyl-modified gels (BCS), respectively. The adsorption capacity and activity of immobilized lipase were investigated. It was found that the surface modification improved the adsorption capacity of lipase, and the activity retention of immobilized lipase increased from 52.34% for CS to 57.17%, 78.26% and 69.22%, respectively, for PCS, SCS, and BCS.
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Jiang, Rui-Jian, Bo Yang, Dong Yi, Fen Wang, Bin Han, Yu-Lin Zhao, Xia-Li Liao, Jian Yang, and Chuan-Zhu Gao. "Synthesis and characterization of a series of novel amino β-cyclodextrin-conjugated poly(ε-lysine) derivatives." Journal of Polymer Engineering 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0194.

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Abstract Soluble poly(ε-lysine)s bearing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties were prepared by three amino β-CD derivatives and N-succinylated poly(ε-lysine), in which the poly(ε-lysine) and amino β-CD derivatives were bonded covalently to the end carboxyl groups of succinic acid by peptide bonds. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were chosen to assist the reaction. The three poly(ε-lysine) derivatives were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The synthesis process is simple, feasible and has strong practicability. The target polymers can serve as new polymer biomaterial for use in the biotechnology area.
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Soinila, S., G. J. Mpitsos, and J. Soinila. "Immunohistochemistry of enkephalins: model studies on hapten-carrier conjugates and fixation methods." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 40, no. 2 (February 1992): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/40.2.1552166.

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For immunohistochemical demonstration of the enkephalin octapeptide Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8, the peptide was conjugated with a carrier protein using either glutaraldehyde or 1-ethyl-3 (3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide as coupling agent. Antisera were raised in rabbits and their specificity was studied using the immunoblotting technique. The results suggest that glutaraldehyde selectively couples the amino terminus of the peptide to the carrier protein, while carbodiimide coupling produces a mixture of specificities. Accordingly, antiserum raised against the glutaraldehyde-induced conjugate specifically recognized the peptide carboxyl terminus and allowed immunohistochemical distinction of the octapeptide from other closely related opioid peptides, such as Leu5- and Met5-enkephalin, Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7, and Phe1-Met2-Arg3-Phe4-NH2. In contrast, antiserum raised against the carbodiimide-induced octapeptide conjugate showed a mixture of specificities. Addition of glutaraldehyde to the fixative enhanced octapeptide immunoreactivity in several tissues and revealed a previously unknown nerve system in the pituitary gland. These results support the idea that optimal immunohistochemical demonstration of small molecules, which requires conjugation to a carrier protein, is obtained when the coupling agent is included in the fixative so as to induce the actual coupling reaction during fixation.
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Lin, Jia Horng, Shih Peng Wen, Hsiu Ying Chung, Wen Cheng Chen, and Ching Wen Lou. "Effects of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Cross-Linking Duration on the Structure of Chitosan/Gelatin Composite Bone Scaffolds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.44.

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Freeze-drying method can create three-dimensional, porous structure bone scaffolds, the pore size of which can be changed by a cross-linking agent. This study dissolves chitosan powder in a 1 v/v % acetic acid aqueous solution to form a 2 w/v% chitosan solution. The chitosan solution and a 4 w/v % gelatin aqueous solution are blended to form Chitosan/Gelatin mixture, after which the mixture is frozen at-20 °C for 1 hour, removed, and cross-linked with a 0.5 v/v % 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) solution for different durations. The cross-linked mixture is frozen at-20 °C for 1 hour and then freeze-dried for 24 hours to form Chitosan/Gelatin composite bone scaffolds. A stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and Image Pro Plus are used to observe the surface and pore size of the bond scaffolds, and in vitro evaluates their biocompatibility. The experiment results show that resulting bone scaffolds possess a uniform pore distribution a desirable biocompatibility.
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Christ, Henrik-Alexander, Yannick Bourgat, and Henning Menzel. "Optimization of Critical Parameters for Carbodiimide Mediated Production of Highly Modified Chitosan." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 2702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162702.

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An optimization of the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and hydroxy benzotriazole mediated conjugation of the polysaccharide chitosan with functional carboxylic acids was shown. Optimal parameters that enable resource-efficient synthesis of highly functionalized chitosan were identified. In particular, use of only catalytic instead of stoichiometric amounts of hydroxy benzotriazole and tight control of pH in reaction mixture resulted in highly efficient incorporation of the desired moieties as side chains in chitosan. As a result, the model reactant 4-azidobenzoic acid was incorporated resulting in a degree of substitution of over 30% with very high coupling efficacy of up to 90%. Similar results were obtained with other carboxylic acids such as methacrylic acid, 3-(2-furyl) propionic acid and 3-maleimido propionic acid, highlighting the broad applicability of our findings for the functionalization of chitosan.
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Vashist, Sandeep Kumar. "Comparison of 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Based Strategies to Crosslink Antibodies on Amine-Functionalized Platforms for Immunodiagnostic Applications." Diagnostics 2, no. 3 (August 27, 2012): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics2030023.

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48

Gao, Yuan, and Ilias Kyratzis. "Covalent Immobilization of Proteins on Carbon Nanotubes Using the Cross-Linker 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide—a Critical Assessment." Bioconjugate Chemistry 19, no. 10 (October 15, 2008): 1945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc800051c.

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49

Cardoso, Carlos, Bernardo Ribeiro, and Rogério Mendes. "Improvement of the gelling ability in restructured fish products: effect of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide level and pH." European Food Research and Technology 234, no. 6 (March 20, 2012): 935–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-012-1713-z.

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50

Kobayashi, Mikihiko, and Eiji Ichishima. "Use of water-soluble 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide for the fluorescent determination of uronic acids and carboxylic acids." Analytical Biochemistry 189, no. 1 (August 1990): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(90)90056-f.

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