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Zulkarnain, Muhammad Fikri, Muhammad Fazlur Rahman, Muhammad Luthfi Imam Nurhakim, Ony Arifianto, and Taufiq Mulyanto. "Flight Test of GL-1 Glider Half Scale Prototype." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1005 (April 2018): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1005/1/012031.
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Hidayat, T., K. Syamsu, T. C. Sunarti, M. Nurilmala, and L. P. Manalu. "Prelimenary Study Technology Readiness Level and Techno-economic Analysis of Seaweed-Based Soft Capsule Prototypes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1289, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1289/1/012015.
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Abstract Product downstream to be marketable can be seen from the technological and techno-economic readiness level. This research aims to determine the level of technological and techno-economic readiness of the seaweed soft capsule prototype. The method used is to determine TRL (Technology Readiness Level) based on technometers and techno economics by looking at the sensitivity and feasibility of the business. The results show that the readiness level of the seaweed soft capsule prototype technology is at level 7, meaning that it has been scaled up but several parameters in industrial scale scale-up must be improved. For the feasibility techno-economic analysis of the seaweed soft capsule prototype, the Net B/C result was obtained with a value of 1.64. The NPV results obtained were 4,621,393,281, with an IRR of 33%. The payback period is estimated to be 3.01 years. The level of technological readiness and feasibility results show that the development of soft capsule prototypes for downstream commercialization has good prospects, as long as the availability of raw materials is guaranteed.
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Xu, Jie, Guangyong Wang, and Renjie Liu. "On the Similarity Relationship between the Structural-Steel Prototype and the 304-Stainless-Steel Dynamic Scale Model." Buildings 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2023): 2966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122966.
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Due to the size limitations of shaking tables, dynamic scale models of large-span space structures for engineering have small cross-sections and thin wall thicknesses. It is difficult to use the structural steels commonly used in prototypes to make dynamic scale models. In this paper, 304 stainless steel is proposed for making the scale model, and the similarity relationship between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model was studied. Firstly, a uniaxial test was conducted to study the elastic modulus similarity and the yielding stress similarity. The test results demonstrated that the elastic modulus similarity ratio was 1:1, and the stress similarity ratios of the 304 stainless steel and the three typical structural steels were 1:1 (Q235 steel), 1:1.5 (Q355 steel) and 1:1.8 (Q420 steel). Then, the similarities of other variables were derived using the dimensional analysis method. In the end, a numerical analysis was conducted to verify the similarity relationship between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model. In the numerical analysis, a single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure and a dynamic scale model with a length similarity ratio of 1:20 were established by using the ABAQUS 2021 software, and the node displacement, the element internal force and natural vibration characteristics were analyzed. The results show that standard deviations of the displacements, the internal forces and the natural vibration frequencies between the prototype and the scale model were within 5%. It turns out that the proposed similarity between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model was applicable in the elastic stage. The findings provide a reference for designing a dynamic scale model of large-span space structures for engineering by using 304 stainless steel.
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Li, Zhe, Fangping Ye, and Shiying Wu. "Design and Experimental Verification of a 1/20 Scale Model of Quayside Container Crane Using Distortion Theory." Shock and Vibration 2019 (August 20, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5893948.
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The scale model is an effective method to research the performance of quayside container crane (QCC) under the seismic condition, but the model distortion usually exists in the similar design process which leads to the incomplete similarity between the scale model and prototype. In this investigation, the distortion theory and the prediction coefficient correction method are used to upgrade the quality of 1/20 QCC scale model and, then, the seismic response of the QCC prototype is obtained from the shake table scale model test. In the first step, the similarity ratio of the 1/20 QCC scale model is calculated by the similitude law and the size of scale model is obtained from the similarity constants. In the second step, the bending stiffness is selected and determined as the distortion term and, then, the relationship between the distortion coefficient and the prediction coefficient is obtained by the finite element prediction coefficient method. Furthermore, the three different scale models are manufactured and tested in the shake table experiment under different seismic conditions. It is found that the experimental test results are consistent with the numerical simulation results of the QCC prototype. It can be concluded that the QCC scale model can be used to predict the performance of the prototype under the different seismic conditions after corrected by distortion theory, and the distortion theory is an effective method to solve the incomplete similarity between the scale model and prototype.
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Jin, Y. L., and Z. G. Li. "Theoretical design and experimental verification of a 1/50 scale model of a quayside container crane." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 6 (September 29, 2011): 1644–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211423603.
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An effective way to study the dynamic performances and seismic behaviours of large-scale engineering structures is using a scale model. This article aims to develop a geometric-scaled model of the 1/50 for a quayside container crane such that the dynamic characteristics of the prototype can be accurately predicted from the relevant features of this scale model. To this end, a detailed design process for the main components of a 1/50 scale model of the quayside container crane was first presented according to the similitude law. Then, a hammering modal test and the Ling dynamic system shaking table test were successively carried out to obtain the dynamic characteristics of this 1/50 scale model. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared with the computed results of the prototype obtained from numerical simulation and they showed a fairly good agreement. From the comparison results, it can be seen that the model design is instructive enough to provide some valuable information and practical use for professionals and researchers involved in the design of large-scale port facilities.
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Chen, Ling, Xuan Wang, Baiyi Li, and Peng Lin. "Experimental Study of Scale Effect in Tunnel Fires at Different Sealing Ratios." Fire 6, no. 3 (February 28, 2023): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6030092.
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Fully or partially sealing the openings of tunnels to accelerate the self-extinction of fires provides a promising firefighting tactic to beat large fires in a long tunnel. So far, most experimental studies on the characteristics of fire with different sealing ratios have been conducted in reduced-scale tunnels. However, whether the findings in a reduced-scale tunnel can be converted to its full-scale prototype tunnel based on scaling laws has not yet been adequately studied. A series of experiments with heat-release rates of 15.8, 31.6 and 63.2 kW were conducted with sealing ratios ranging from 0% to 100% in a prototype tunnel measuring 20 m long, 0.9 m wide and 0.46 m high. The experimental results were compared with those from a 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel measuring 10 m long, 0.45 m wide and 0.23 m high. It showed that temperature rise along the tunnel in the 1/2 reduced-tunnel could be significantly underestimated. The differences in temperature rise increased monotonously with distance away from the fire seat, and they were as high as 70% at the tunnel portals, irrespective of the heat-release rates and sealing ratios. The study showed that the scale effect of fires was not sensitive to the Reynolds number of flows in tunnels. The minimal sealing ratio for the self-extinction of fires in the prototype tunnel was 85%, whilst it was 75% in the 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel, and the study revealed that the fires were much easier to extinguish in the 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel than those in the prototype tunnel, where the fires can sustain in a lower oxygen concentration. The study demonstrated that scaling laws could be invalid for tunnel fires with different sealing ratios and that results observed in reduced-scale tunnels should be further verified when applied to full-scale prototypes.
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Brekke, Edmund F., Egil Eide, Bjørn-Olav H. Eriksen, Erik F. Wilthil, Morten Breivik, Even Skjellaug, Øystein K. Helgesen, et al. "milliAmpere: An Autonomous Ferry Prototype." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2311, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2311/1/012029.
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Abstract In this paper, we summarize the experiences with the autonomous passenger ferry development prototype milliAmpere, which has been used as a test platform in several research projects at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) since 2017. New algorithms for motion planning, motion control, collision avoidance, docking, multi-target tracking and localization have been developed and verified in full-scale experiments with milliAmpere. The infrastructure surrounding milliAmpere includes several sensor rigs supporting research on multi-sensor fusion and situational awareness, and a shore control lab which can be used to study the interaction between human operators and the autonomous ferry. Building upon the experiences with milliAmpere, the full-scale autonomous ferry milliAmpere2 was recently launched.
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Altaee, Ameir, and Bengt H. Fellenius. "Physical modeling in sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 3 (June 1, 1994): 420–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-049.
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Small-scale testing under 1 g conditions as well as in the centrifuge presupposes that a model and prototype have comparative behavior. The chief condition for agreement between model and prototype is that the initial soil states of both must be at equal proximity to the steady state line. Then, when stresses are normalized to the initial mean stress, the model will in all aspects behave similarly to the prototype. Scaling rules are presented that indicate the relations between stress, strain, and displacement for the model and the prototype in terms of geometric scale and stress scale. An obvious limit of scales is imposed by that the soil in the model can be no looser than the maximum void ratio. Similarly, it must not be denser than a value that corresponds to a prototype soil at the minimum void ratio. Three main areas of application of the approach in engineering practice are identified: design of representative 1 g small-scale model tests; reanalysis of data from conventional small-scale tests; and improving the versatility of centrifuge facilities in recognition of the fact that the centrifuge test does not need to be performed at equal levels of stress, when designed according to the new approach. Key words : physical modeling, sand, scaling relations, steady state, centrifuge testing.
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Liu, Qing Yang, Yao Gong, and Zhen Xu. "Structural Damage Identification Based on Dynamic Analysis of the Scale Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 1073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.1073.
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This paper has been prototyped fine 1:20 scale model of the finite element numerical simulation analysis of each parameter sensitivity test conditions, based on similar principles of dynamics, through the production of about 1/20 the proportion of prototype scale model of the bridge, dynamic characteristics of research conducted scale model of finite element analysis, and study whether there are cracks in the presence of dynamic response mode model, summarized the structure of the bridge structure in a given period reflect the physical characteristics of the local sound voiceprint and bridges under the geometric structure of the physical parameters of a period of time to maintain the basic stability conditions, the "voiceprint" has a high probability of stability.
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SUZUKI, YOSHIKI, MINORU MIZUTANI, TAKAMITSU SUGIURA, NAOKI SAKAI, and TAKASHI OHIRA. "Prototype Experiments on a 1/32-Scale Model Via-Wheel Power Transfer Electric Vehicle." Electrical Engineering in Japan 195, no. 1 (December 16, 2015): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.22813.
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ZHOU, Jingming, Xuezhi ZHOU, Ming XIA, Hongyun LUO, Yibin WU, and Zhengwei WANG. "Research and Analysis on Model measurement and Prototype Operation of large-scale Kaplan turbine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1037, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1037/1/012045.
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Abstract Prototype research of hydraulic turbine, as most important one of the three major methods in the research region, is different from theoretical analysis and model measurement. Since the operation conditions of the prototype turbine test are numerous and corresponding to reality, considering the complexity of the medium characteristics, operation parameters are difficult to predict accurately. Taking a giant Kaplan turbine as the research object., this paper is based on the results of numerical simulation and model measurement under rated conditions, combining with difference analysis between field data and others, as well as further study inside flow pattern of prototype and model Kaplan turbine. Reasonable judgment is made on various performance indicators, which provides reliable basis for the implement of hydraulic turbine by different methods and otherwise effectively guide the production practice.
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Popescu, Constantin Adrian, Florin Adrian Nicolescu, Georgia Cezara Avram, and Andrei Mario Ivan. "Small Scale AS/RS System for Educational Purposes - Part 1 - The Virtual Prototype and the Small Scale Physical System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 834 (April 2016): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.834.49.
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The paper presents the works performed by the authors in the field of AS/RS systems design and experimental small scale AS/RS physical model set-up for educational purposes. First part of the paper presents the virtual prototype of the 3D CAD model of the AS/RS system and the developing of the physical model set-up for an experimental small scale AS/RS for educational purposes. The specific hardware for control the AS/RS system and software for programming it are also included in a second part of the paper.
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Apriyansa, A., J. Bintoro, and E. Sandi. "Development of Early Real-Time Disaster Mitigation Warning System Landslide with Gyroscope ADXL345 Sensor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012080.
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Abstract The purpose of the research is to develop a Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System with the ADXL345 Gyroscope Sensor and to know the exact system designed in a prototype. The method used is research and development with a prototyping model which is divided into several stages, namely stage (1) problems, (2) data collection, (3) prototype design, (4) prototype testing, and (5) production. The resulting system is a prototype based on an Arduino microcontroller called “ERT-Ladister” with an ADXL345 Gyroscope sensor. Other features include SMS-Gateway, buzzer, and Monitoring via Monitor. Based on the feasibility test and the effectiveness test on a lab scale and field scale, it can be concluded that the system is feasible and effective. The value of the effectiveness test shows that there is a significant difference between before the system is installed and after the system is installed in field trials. The Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System can increase community awareness around landslide-prone areas.
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Suchorzewski, Jan, Mathias Flansbjer, Ojas Chaudhari, and Natalie Williams Portal. "Experimental Development and Field Validation of Rock Anchors for Sustainable Onshore Foundations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2745, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2745/1/012011.
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Abstract The development of an innovative rock anchor prototype manufactured using high strength steel sheets produced locally in Sweden is the core of the PROWIND concept. Steel sheets provide a design freedom to easily manufacture complex geometries, which can be advantageous to enhance the shear force transmission in the bond-length segment of the anchor. The underlying challenge of this concept has been to design a solution which meets the design requirements of today and future technological advancements, all while keeping conventional installation practices in mind. The project followed a 4-step development process: (1) concept analysis and modelling, (2) small-scale prototypes testing and (3) large scale lab-validation and lastly (4) field validation. The performance of the developed rock anchor prototype and grouting material was experimentally quantified on both small and large-scale test specimens and also validated in full scale in the field concerning installation process, proof-loading and maintaining the prestress over time. The PROWIND anchors with the end feature with ribbed design have 4-5 times higher load bearing capacity. The experience from the anchor installation proved that the developed grout and anchors are faster and easier to install. The field test in two different geological conditions has proven that the news design is reducing the required anchorage length to just 1 meter. The restressing of anchors is fully possible with the proposed lock-off solution with a nut. All of those contribute to lower costs of installations and possibly longer service-life.
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Altunışık, Ahmet C., Ebru Kalkan, and Hasan Basri Başağa. "Creation of Similarity Requirement with Field Equations in Steel Bearing Systems." Open Civil Engineering Journal 12, no. 1 (June 25, 2018): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501812010134.
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Introduction: This paper aimed to determine the structural behavior of steel bearing systems by creating similarity conditions with field equations. Scaling plays a crucial role in designing experiments aimed at understanding the structural behavior of systems where experimental studies are difficult to perform due to huge structures in the profession of engineering field. Scaling can be performed by using dimensional analysis or by normalizing differential equations that describe the dynamics of the system. If a model and prototype are dimensionally similar, it is possible to estimate experimental results from model to prototype. Methods: The use of scaled models is common on engineering applications because these models allow conducting experimental tests without the need of a physical system (i.e. prototype) to be constructed. Considering these advantages mentioned in this study, it is formed a similarity relation between prototype and scaled models of different steel bearing systems is established. Similarity relationships between systems are created by field equations. As an example, column and cantilever beams were selected and 1/2 and 1/4 scale procedure was applied. Results and Conclusion: The results obtained by finite element models in SAP2000 program for each system were compared with analytical results. The analysis results were examined and it was determined that scale factors are constant depending on scale types for different bearing systems. In addition, the influence diagrams of the systems were also examined and it was observed that the scale factor was fixed.
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Nicol, T. H., C. Edwards, R. C. Dhuley, and J. C. Thangaraj. "Conduction cooled cryostat for small-scale superconducting radio frequency accelerator applications." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012049.
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Abstract Fermilab’s Illinois Accelerator Research Center (IARC) is designing small-scale, ∼10 MeV prototype conduction cooled superconducting accelerators for projects ranging from medical device sterilization to road pavement modification. These accelerators are built using high-Q Nb3Sn coated superconducting radio-frequency cavities. The cryostat design for one such prototype being developed for the U.S. Army Engineer Research Development Center (ERDC) will be described. Cryostats for such conduction cooled accelerators require stringent control of thermal losses since the available power from cryocoolers is restricted to a few watts. The present state of the vacuum vessel, conduction cooling system, thermal shield, cavity support, and other ancillary system designs will be described as well as presentation of thermal and structural simulations. Hopefully the work described in this paper will lead to the engineering construction of a cryostat which will accelerate an electron beam to high energy, ∼10 MeV, with extremely low thermal losses.
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Revell, Patrick, Nicolas Regnauld, and Stuart Thom. "Generalising and Symbolising Ordnance Survey®Base Scale Data to Create a Prototype 1:50 000 Scale Vector Map." Cartographic Journal 44, no. 3 (August 2007): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000870407x241791.
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Mandree, Prisha, Wendy Masika, Justin Naicker, Ghaneshree Moonsamy, Santosh Ramchuran, and Rajesh Lalloo. "Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Industry Contaminated Soil Using Indigenous Bacillus spp." Processes 9, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9091606.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are reportedly toxic, ubiquitous and organic compounds that can persist in the environment and are released largely due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuel. There is a range of microorganisms that are capable of degrading low molecular weight PAHs, such as naphthalene; however, fewer were reported to degrade higher molecular weight PAHs. Bacillus spp. has shown to be effective in neutralizing polluted streams containing hydrocarbons. Following the growing regulatory requirement to meet the PAH specification upon disposal of contaminated soil, the following study aimed to identify potential Bacillus strains that could effectively remediate low and high molecular weight PAHs from the soil. Six potential hydrocarbon-degrading strains were formulated into two prototypes and tested for the ability to remove PAHs from industry-contaminated soil. Following the dosing of each respective soil system with prototypes 1 and 2, the samples were analyzed for PAH concentration over 11 weeks against an un-augmented control system. After 11 weeks, the control system indicated the presence of naphthalene (3.11 µg·kg−1), phenanthrene (24.47 µg·kg−1), fluoranthene (17.80 µg·kg−1) and pyrene (28.92 µg·kg−1), which illustrated the recalcitrant nature of aromatic hydrocarbons. The soil system dosed with prototype 2 was capable of completely degrading (100%) naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene over the experimental period. However, the accumulation of PAHs, namely phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, were observed using prototype 1. The results showed that prototype 2, consisting of a combination of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis strains, was more effective in the biodegradation of PAHs and intermediate products. Furthermore, the bio-augmented system dosed with prototype 2 showed an improvement in the overall degradation (10–50%) of PAHs, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, over the un-augmented control system. The following study demonstrates the potential of using Bacillus spp. in a bioremediation solution for sites contaminated with PAHs and informs the use of biological additives for large-scale environmental remediation.
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Moss, Robb Eric S., and Victor A. Crosariol. "Scale Model Shake Table Testing of an Underground Tunnel Cross Section in Soft Clay." Earthquake Spectra 29, no. 4 (November 2013): 1413–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/070611eqs162m.
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Underground structures exist in many active earthquake regions, but empirical data of the seismic behavior of these structures is very limited. This research works toward filling that empirical data gap with scale model shake table testing. Underground seismic soil-structure interaction (USSSI) effects were investigated for a stiff tunnel embedded within soft clay. Young Bay mud was used as a prototype soil for developing a scale model soil mixture. A Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) cut-and-cover subway tunnel was used as the prototype for the one-tenth scale model subway cross section. The flexible wall test container in these tests allowed the soil to deform in simple shear. Similitude analysis scaled critical variables to properly capture prototype behavior at the model scale subjected to 1-g shake table testing. The measured horizontal “racking” distortions of the model structure compared to numerical analyses suggest that current simplified design methods may overestimate distortions in soft-soil/stiff-structure situations.
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Lion, Eddy, Triyani Triyani, and Kartika Ananda. "The Development of Panjiasia Book based on Augmented Reality to Strengthen Pancasila Values for Children in Early Childhood Education." Jurnal Lingua Idea 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jli.2023.14.1.7510.
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This research aims to develop a PANJIASIA book based on augmented reality that is able to bridge young children to know, understand, internalize and apply the values of Pancasila in everyday life. This research uses the type of research and development (Research and Development) with research stages 1) the initial survey in the field was taken based on data on the needs of PAUD teachers in instilling Pancasila values in early childhood; 2) Prototype FGD; 3) Development of Augmented Reality-based PANJIASIA Books and prototype workshops; 4) validation of the PANJIASIA Book by validation of media experts and material experts; 5) Implementation of the PANJIASIA Book begins with small scale implementation and large scale implementation; 6) Publication and dissemination of the PANJIASIA Book to PAUD teachers in the Watershed (DAS) of Palangka Raya City. The results of this study, namely based on the results of the responses of PAUD teachers in FGD activities, showed a figure of 96%, which means that the quality of the products being developed is very feasible to be applied in the implementation of Pancasila learning. In addition, based on the validator's assessment, it shows a figure of 86%, which means that the product being developed is valid and feasible to use. Based on the results of small-scale and large-scale implementation, the results show that students are enthusiastic about learning Pancasila using books that have been developed because they are integrated with Augmented Reality technology.
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Guo, Xin, Ang Li, and Weiming Hu. "Full-scale linear sensing of mode-localized sensors enabled by optimized readout circuit." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2740, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2740/1/012022.
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Abstract This paper proposes a novel single-port readout circuit to realize the full-scale linear sensing of mode-localized sensors. In our proposal, in addition to the conventional frequency closed-loop control, the amplitude closed-loop based on automatic gain control (AGC) is adopted to stabilize the amplitude product of resonant units at a normalized value so that the difference of squared amplitudes can be regarded as the sensor readout to characterize the variations of external input signals. A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) mode-localized accelerometer prototype is tested based on our proposed readout circuit. The experiment results demonstrate that the tested accelerometer prototype realizes the linear sensing in the full measurement range and shows a mechanical sensitivity of 0.1182 /g with a maximum non-linearity of -6.54 %, which are basically consistent with the output metric based on the subtraction of reciprocal amplitude ratios (SRAR).
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Dezhin, D., I. Dezhina, and R. Ilyasov. "SMALL-SCALE PROTOTYPE OF A FULLY HTS-2G SIX-PHASE INDUCTION ELECTRICAL MACHINE." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1559 (June 2020): 012146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012146.
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Widiaratih, Rikha, Agus Anugroho Dwi Suryoputra, Gentur Handoyo, Alfi Satriadi, and Ari Bawono Putranto. "Prototype of simple mini-wave gauge using Microcontroller ESP32 on the laboratory scale." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1224, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1224/1/012024.
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Abstract The limited availability of real-time wave data is needed for shipping safety and for planning coastal areas. This wave data monitoring system including the wave height and direction gained to be used as a consideration in making decisions related to shipping safety and coastal management. This study aims to design and create a prototype of a simple mini-wave gauge and test the performance of a mini-wave gauge on the laboratory scale. The sensors used in this mini-wave gauge were ADXL335 as a vibration sensor to detect wave movement and the GY-271 sensor module with the HMC5883L chip which was a direction sensor. In the experiment, the wave data generated by the sensors were then received by the microcontroller ESP32 as a data processing center. The wave data was then received by the computer using a Wi-Fi network as well as processed and displayed on an application that had been developed using Embarcadero Delphi. Experiments with this mini-wave gauge resulted in an average range of wave height ± 6cm with a wave trough of -4.5 cm and a wave crest of 2.2 cm. This mini-wave gauge was then validated with the ultrasonic sensor at laboratory scale and the root mean square error obtained was 1.34 cm. Generally, this device functions well and has high accuracy for recording wave data.
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Kumar, Sanath Sathyachandran, Joshua J. Picotte, and Birgit Peterson. "Prototype Downscaling Algorithm for MODIS Satellite 1 km Daytime Active Fire Detections." Fire 2, no. 2 (May 23, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2020029.
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This work presents development of an algorithm to reduce the spatial uncertainty of active fire locations within the 1 km MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS Aqua and Terra) daytime detection footprint. The algorithm is developed using the finer 500 m reflective bands by leveraging on the increase in 2.13 μm shortwave infrared reflectance due to the burning components as compared to the non-burning neighborhood components. Active fire presence probability class for each of the 500 m pixels within the 1 km footprint is assigned by locally adaptive contextual tests against its surrounding neighborhood pixels. Accuracy is assessed using gas flares and wildfires in conjunction with available high-resolution imagery. Proof of concept results using MODIS observations over two sites show that under clear sky conditions, over 84% of the 500 m locations that had active fires were correctly assigned to high to medium probabilities, and correspondingly low to poor probabilities were assigned to locations with no visible flaming fronts. Factors limiting the algorithm performance include fire size/temperature distributions, cloud and smoke obscuration, sensor point spread functions, and geolocation errors. Despite these limitations, the resulting finer spatial scale of active fire detections will not only help first responders and managers to locate actively burning fire fronts more precisely but will also be useful for the fire science community.
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Jilek, Vlastimil, Dusan Mandat, Francesco Salamida, and Zuzana Svozilikova. "Potential for atmospheric monitoring using FAST telescopes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2398, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2398/1/012015.
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Abstract The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a design for a next-generation ground-based ultra-high energy cosmic ray observatory, addressing the requirements for a large-area, low-cost detector suitable for measuring the properties of the highest energy cosmic rays with an unprecedented aperture. Three telescope prototypes are installed nearby the fluorescence telescopes of Telescope Array and one prototype is located at the Pierre Auger Observatory. Apart from detecting cosmic ray showers, the FAST prototypes offer the possibility of detecting laser pulses from atmospheric facilities such as CLF. The first part of the contribution describes the theoretical modeling of the photon scattering processes for different atmospheric models, and the raytracing of photons from the laser shot to and inside the FAST telescope. Simulations will be performed for different types of scattering conditions dependent on e.g. the size of the scattering centers or other parameters such as humidity. The ultimate goal is to create a software tool simulating the measured signals in the FAST telescopes from distant laser shots with proper treatment of light propagation trough the atmosphere and trough the detector. Such simulation toolkit for FAST prototypes at the Pierre Auger Observatory will benefit from existing attempts done for the Telescope Array site. Another part of the contribution will concern the real data of the observed CLF shots by the FAST prototypes both at the Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array. Moreover, we can focus on the comparison of measured CLF shots by FAST prototype with the available data recorded by the full-scale fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory.
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Wang, Rui, Lei Ma, Yingxian Chang, Xin Liu, Jianfei Chen, Donglan Liu, Hao Zhang, Xiaoli Huang, and Hao Yu. "Prototype System for Dynamic Elastic Protection and Monitoring." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2074, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2074/1/012042.
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Abstract With the continuous development of science and technology, security becomes an important content, both from the personal safety and information security, the most basic protection and monitoring security system already cannot satisfy people demand for security, protection and monitoring technology is relatively simple, function is not fully diversified, so the protection and improvement of the monitoring system should be constantly, so the application of dynamic elastic protection and monitoring, protective monitor the implementation of the new type will help the large-scale application of the design process and the improvement of the system. Based on the above content, this paper proposes the construction of the prototype system of dynamic elastic protection and monitoring, and deeply analyzes the principle of its construction.
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Antonelli, M., and G. Caposciutti. "Measure of the solar flux conveyed onto a lambertian target by a novel bi-axial fresnel concentrator." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2511, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2511/1/012026.
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Abstract This paper deals with the optical analysis of a prototype of a novel concentrator, named as Bi-Axial Fresnel (BAF). This concentrator aims at reducing production and installation costs, as well as keeping as low as possible the weight and the bulk of the mirrors field, making it suitable for building small-dimensions systems, able to be placed on industrial roofs, as an example. The prototype is composed as an array of 3x3 mirrors. Its theoretical concentration is therefore 9. The experiment made use of a very basic equipment, which included a thermal flux sensor and a simple webcam, properly equipped for distinguish grey scales under quite high solar intensities. The concentrator was governed by an Arduino card, while the acquisition took place by means of a National Instruments acquisition board and Labview software. The aim of this experimental setup was the reconstruction of the solar flux on a fixed Lambertian target, based on the grey-scale maps gathered through the webcam and properly scaled accordingly to the punctual solar flux measured by the sensor. This way, the experimental apparatus was able to get an estimation of the solar power conveyed to the target.
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Branlard, Emmanuel, Jason Jonkman, Cameron Brown, and Jiatian Zhang. "A digital twin solution for floating offshore wind turbines validated using a full-scale prototype." Wind Energy Science 9, no. 1 (January 8, 2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1-2024.
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Abstract. In this work, we implement, verify, and validate a physics-based digital twin solution applied to a floating offshore wind turbine. The digital twin is validated using measurement data from the full-scale TetraSpar prototype. We focus on the estimation of the aerodynamic loads, wind speed, and section loads along the tower, with the aim of estimating the fatigue lifetime of the tower. Our digital twin solution integrates (1) a Kalman filter to estimate the structural states based on a linear model of the structure and measurements from the turbine, (2) an aerodynamic estimator, and (3) a physics-based virtual sensing procedure to obtain the loads along the tower. The digital twin relies on a set of measurements that are expected to be available on any existing wind turbine (power, pitch, rotor speed, and tower acceleration) and motion sensors that are likely to be standard measurements for a floating platform (inclinometers and GPS sensors). We explore two different pathways to obtain physics-based models: a suite of dedicated Python tools implemented as part of this work and the OpenFAST linearization feature. In our final version of the digital twin, we use components from both approaches. We perform different numerical experiments to verify the individual models of the digital twin. In this simulation realm, we obtain estimated damage equivalent loads of the tower fore–aft bending moment with an accuracy of approximately 5 % to 10 %. When comparing the digital twin estimations with the measurements from the TetraSpar prototype, the errors increased to 10 %–15 % on average. Overall, the accuracy of the results is promising and demonstrates the possibility of using digital twin solutions to estimate fatigue loads on floating offshore wind turbines. A natural continuation of this work would be to implement the monitoring and diagnostics aspect of the digital twin to inform operation and maintenance decisions. The digital twin solution is provided with examples as part of an open-source repository.
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Nicola, Pozzi, Bracco Giovanni, Passione Biagio, Sirigu Sergej Antonello, Vissio Giacomo, Mattiazzo Giuliana, and Sannino Gianmaria. "Wave Tank Testing of a Pendulum Wave Energy Converter 1:12 Scale Model." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 09, no. 02 (March 2017): 1750024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825117500247.
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Wave Energy is a widespread, reliable renewable energy source. The early study on Wave Energy dates back in the 70’s, with a particular effort in the last and present decade to make Wave Energy Converters (WECs) more profitable and predictable. The PeWEC (Pendulum Wave Energy Converter) is a pendulum-based WEC. The research activities described in the present work aim to develop a pendulum converter for the Mediterranean Sea, where waves are shorter, thus with a higher frequency compared to the ocean waves, a characteristic well agreeing with the PeWEC frequency response. The mechanical equations of the device are developed and coupled with the hydrodynamic Cummins equation. The work deals with the design and experimental tank test of a 1:12 scale prototype. The experimental data recorded during the testing campaign are used to validate the numerical model previously described. The numerical model proved to be in good agreement with the experiments.
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Indah Ciptasari, Nurhayati, Egidius Arya Parande, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Agus Budi Prasetyo, Wahyu Mayangsari, Reza Miftahul Ulum, and Ahmad Maksum. "Effect of Slope Chute Angle of HAP Magnetic Separator to the Acquisition of Nickel Matte from Undersized Product Resulted by Pierce Smith Converter Machine." Recent in Engineering Science and Technology 1, no. 03 (July 1, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.59511/riestech.v1i03.18.
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The prototype of a magnetic separator was initiated and manufactured for handling undersized products of Pierce Smith Converter which has been channeled to a temporary shelter called a matte pond. It was dredged three to four times a year and it’s costly. This expenditure can be minimized by the manufacture of magnetic separators that are used to attract undersized nickel products. The manufacture of this prototype uses a scale of 1:20.000 for the volume of water and nickel matte, while for chute and magnetic drums with a scale of 1:4 from the conditions in the field. This research aims to determine whether magnetic separators are relevant for installation in the nickel processing industry, with the slope angle of the chute and magnetic power as the main parameters. Thus the matte pond can be minimized and undersized products can be directly processed and distributed to consumers. The material used in the manufacture of this prototype is aluminum sheet 1/16 which is rolled for magnetic drums, aluminum sheet 1/8 in for chute, copper wire 0.5 mm and mild steel, lathe for rods and axis, and bending for magnetic holders. The result of this magnetic separator prototype is 24.48% nickel can be attracted.
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Sumer, Ali, Robert B. Fleischman, and Nathan J. Palmer. "Development of a Cast Modular Connector for Seismic-Resistant Steel Moment Frames Part II: Experimental Verification." Engineering Journal 44, no. 3 (September 30, 2007): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v44i3.915.
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A companion paper (Development of a Cast Modular Connector for Seismic-Resistant Steel Frames, Part 1: Prototype Development) describes the development of a prototype design for a cast modular connector (MC) for seismic-resistant steel moment frames. The eventual design, termed the MC "Beta"ť prototype design, was developed through a comprehensive analytical program that focused on the monotonic response of isolated connectors. Analyses of the MC Beta prototype design indicate the potential for excellent ductility and energy dissipation characteristics. This paper focuses on the prototyping and experimental verification of the MC Beta prototype. Steel foundry industry partners cast the MC Beta prototype at approximately half-scale. The scaled MC Beta prototype was tested in isolated fashion under monotonic and cyclic loading. The experimental results confirmed the performance of the analytically-based designs. The MC Beta prototype exhibited exceptional performance in terms of stable energy dissipation, far exceeding qualifying rotational ductility capacities. In direct comparisons to a WT (structural tee) section of similar stiffness and strength, the MC Beta prototype possessed greatly enhanced ductility and energy dissipation characteristics. With the MC Beta prototype developed and experimentally verified under isolated conditions, future work involves comprehensive analytical evaluation and full-scale experimental verification of beam-to-column joints containing the MC using accepted testing protocols and developing a design procedure for moment frames using the MC.
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Taruffi, Federico, Simone Di Carlo, Sara Muggiasca, and Marco Belloli. "A large-scale wind turbine model installed on a floating structure: experimental validation of the numerical design." Wind Energy Science 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-71-2023.
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Abstract. In the field of floating wind energy, large-scale wind turbine models deployed in natural environments represent a key link between small-scale laboratory tests and full-scale prototypes. While implying smaller cost, design and installation effort than a full-scale prototype, large-scale models are technologically very similar to prototypes, can be tested in natural sea and wind conditions, and reduce by a consistent amount the dimensional scaling issues arising in small-scale experiments. In this framework the presented work report the aerodynamic and control system assessment of a 1:15 model of the DTU 10 MW wind turbine installed on a multipurpose-platform model for fish farming and energy production. The model has operated for 6 months in a natural laboratory and has been exposed to fully natural and uncontrolled environmental conditions. Assessment is performed in terms of rotor thrust force and power controller parameters such as rotor speed, blade pitch and rotor power as a function of incoming wind speed.
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Ghenescu, V. "Compact LumiCal prototype tests for future e+e− colliders." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 07 (July 1, 2022): C07024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/c07024.
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Abstract The FCAL collaboration is preparing large-scale prototypes of special calorimeters to be used in the very forward region at future electron-positron colliders for instant luminosity measurement and a precise measurement of integrated luminosity and for assisting beam-tuning. LumiCal is designed as silicon-tungsten sandwich calorimeter with very thin sensor planes to keep the Molière radius small, thus facilitating the measurement of electron showers in the presence of background. Dedicated FE electronics has been developed to match the timing and dynamic range requirements. A partially instrumented prototype was investigated in a 1 to 5 GeV electron beam at the DESY II synchrotron. In the recent beam tests, a multi-plane compact prototype equipped with thin detector planes fully assembled with readout electronics were installed in 1 mm gaps between tungsten plates of one radiation length thickness. High statistics data were used to perform sensor alignment, and to measure the longitudinal and transversal shower development.
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Sirait, Wanjul Fransisco, and Muhammad Amin. "PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTYPE PENGONTROLAN LAMPU VIA ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI SMK DWIWARNA MEDAN." JEVTE Journal of Electrical Vocational Teacher Education 3, no. 2 (April 3, 2024): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jevte.v3i2.57182.
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Abstract This research aims to develop learning media using light control prototypes in microcontroller and microprocessor engineering subjects at Dwiwarna Vocational School, Medan. The research method used is the research and development method with the ADDIE development research model. The stages in development are 1) Analysis Stage, 2) Design, 3) Development or Production, 4) Implementation or Delivery, 5) Evaluations. Data collection for validation of learning materials and media uses a Likert scale. The results of this development research are a light control prototype along with a job sheet. This prototype-based learning media has gone through the validation test stage with an average achievement percentage of 85% according to material experts and 88.12% according to media experts. From the research results, it can be concluded that the learning media using the lamp control prototype meets the quality requirements and is suitable for use as a media to support learning activities for microprocessor and microcontroller programming. Key Words: Learning Media, Light Control Prototype AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangnkan media pembelajaran menggunakan Prototype pengontrolan lampu pada mata pelajaran teknik mikrokontroller dan mikroprosesor di SMK Dwiwarna Medan Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development ) dengan model penelitian pengembangan ADDIE. Tahapan dalam pengembangannya yaitu 1) Tahap Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development or Production, 4) Implementation or Delivery, 5) Evaluations. Pengambilan data validasi materi dan media pembelajaran menggunakan skala likert. Hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini berupa Prototype pengontrolan lampu berserta Jobsheet . media pembelajran berbasisi prototype ini telah melalui tahap uji validasi dengan rata – rata persentase capaian sebesar 85 % menurut ahli materi dan 88,12 % menurut ahli media. Dari hasil pnelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran menggunakan Prototype Pengontrolan lampu ini memenuhi syarat dengan kualitas Layak untuk digunakan sebagai media penunjang kegiatan pembelajaran pemograman mikroprosesor dan mikrokontrollerKata kunci : Media Pembelajaran, Light Control Prototype
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Smallwood, J. C., S. Bhasin, T. Blake, N. H. Brook, M. F. Cicala, T. Conneely, D. Cussans, et al. "Test-beam demonstration of a TORCH prototype module." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012004.
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The TORCH time-of-flight detector is designed to provide a 15 ps timing resolution for charged particles, resulting in π/K particle identification up to 10 GeV/c momentum over a 10 m flight path. Cherenkov photons, produced in a quartz plate of 10 mm thickness, are focused onto an array of micro-channel plate photomultipliers (MCP-PMTs) which measure the photon arrival times and spatial positions. A half-scale (660 × 1250 × 10 mm3) TORCH demonstrator module has been tested in an 8 GeV/c mixed proton-pion beam at CERN. Customised square MCP-PMTs of active area 53 × 53 mm2 and granularity 64 × 64 pixels have been employed, which have been developed in collaboration with an industrial partner. The single-photon timing performance and photon yields have been measured as a function of beam position in the radiator, giving measurements which are consistent with expectations. The expected performance of TORCH for high luminosity running of the LHCb Upgrade II has been simulated.
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Chen, G. J., and A. Ledesma. "Coupled Thermohydromechanical Modeling of the Full-Scale In Situ Test “Prototype Repository”." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 135, no. 1 (January 2009): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2009)135:1(121).
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Supriyanto, Aji, Sri Mulyani, Tri Ariyanto, and Jeffri Alfa Razaq. "INFORMATION FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION OF PROSPECTIVE POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE RECIPIENTS." Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif) 4, no. 2 (March 23, 2023): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52436/1.jutif.2023.4.2.722.
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One important aspect of the poverty alleviation strategy is the availability of accurate poverty data, so that the government in providing social assistance (Bansos) can be right on target. The problem is that if there is an inaccuracy in the identification process when recording citizen data, it will affect the process of verifying and validating data on prospective Social Assistance recipients. Inaccuracies in prospective Social Assistance recipients can occur due to the process of collecting data on citizen identities and applying the wrong criteria for poverty requirements and the data is not up to date. The purpose of this research is to develop an information system to identify, verify, and validate data on prospective Social Assistance recipients. The identification stage for potential recipients of social assistance is carried out at the RT/RW and Kelurahan levels. The verification stage is carried out by fulfilling the requirements of the poverty criteria. Meanwhile, the validation stage is used to determine the ranking of potential social assistance recipients. The verification process is carried out at the Kelurahan and Kecamatan levels, while the validation process is at the Regency/City level. The waterfall method is used in the development of information system prototypes for prospective Social Assistance recipients with system analysis and design using use case, activity, and sequence diagrams. The prototype was tested with CRUD and trial & error, the result is a prototype system application that is able to collect citizen data by applying a priority scale for prospective recipients of social assistance based on a web by fulfilling the requirements of 14 poverty criteria according to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS).
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Sharke, Paul. "From Helios to Our House." Mechanical Engineering 123, no. 08 (August 1, 2001): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-aug-1.
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A study commissioned by Florida Power and Light Co. of Juno Beach reports that energy savings in Florida from ceiling fans came only with the raising of air conditioner thermostats. Making fans with high-efficiency motors offered one way of achieving that goal and aerodynamic blades offer another. Infrared thermogram of a typical ceiling fan shows heat generated by the motor. Temperature scale at bottom reads from coolest to hottest. With simulations having helped the decision on the choice of design, the engineer team set out to discover a building method for making the prototype blades. As work proceeded on the blades, Florida Solar Energy Center, in Cocoa, also considered what sort of control system would eventually operate a production version. Even after undergoing many redesigns from the original wooden-blade prototype development team tested back in 1997, the two production models offer substantial improvements in energy efficiency.
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Ma, Shang, Yeqing Chen, Zhenqing Wang, Jianhui Wang, Linmei Lyu, and Wanli Wei. "Similarity Law between Centrifuge Scale Test and Prototype Underwater Explosion." Shock and Vibration 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8582026.
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Shock wave and bubble pulsation caused by underwater explosion destroy the hydraulic structure. However, the realization of the underwater explosion prototype test is restricted by many factors, such as the site environment. Furthermore, the repeatability of the test scheme is not strong. The centrifuge scale test provides a new way of studying the damage degree of the structure under the action of underwater explosion. The similarity relationship refers to the bridge between the scaled model and the prototype, which cannot achieve complete similarity in practice. The centrifuge-scaled model test is performed by increasing the acceleration of a certain multiple. Meanwhile, the model reduces the corresponding ratio in the geometric layout to achieve the geometric similarity with the prototype test. Therefore, the applicability of the centrifuge scaling method in the study of the dynamic response of the structure in underwater explosion needs to be explored further. In this work, the underwater explosion scaling test numerical model for 1 g RDX (equivalent to 1.62 g TNT) charge under different centrifugal acceleration conditions is established, and the calculation results of underwater pressure and dynamic response of the steel plate are compared with the centrifuge test results. A prototype model is established to study the similarity relationship between the centrifuge scale test and the prototype model when the steel plate structure is in the stage of small deformation and linear elasticity. The application of the similarity ratio in the scale test of underwater explosion the centrifuge is discussed. The application of the centrifuge in the study of the failure response of the hydraulic structure in underwater explosion is expanded by establishing the model and comparing with the experimental results.
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Wüest, Robert, and Stephan Nebiker. "Geospatial Augmented Reality for the interactive exploitation of large-scale walkable orthoimage maps in museums." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-124-2018.
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In this paper we present an app framework for augmenting large-scale walkable maps and orthoimages in museums or public spaces using standard smartphones and tablets. We first introduce a novel approach for using huge orthoimage mosaic floor prints covering several hundred square meters as natural Augmented Reality (AR) markers. We then present a new app architecture and subsequent tests in the Swissarena of the Swiss National Transport Museum in Lucerne demonstrating the capabilities of accurately tracking and augmenting different map topics, including dynamic 3d data such as live air traffic.<br> The resulting prototype was tested with everyday visitors of the museum to get feedback on the usability of the AR app and to identify pitfalls when using AR in the context of a potentially crowded museum. The prototype is to be rolled out to the public after successful testing and optimization of the app. We were able to show that AR apps on standard smartphone devices can dramatically enhance the interactive use of large-scale maps for different purposes such as education or serious gaming in a museum context.
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Meirieta, H. N., A. P. Nugroho, L. Sutiarso, and M. A. F. Falah. "Application of User Interface and User Experience for Smart Greenhouse Mobile Application Design." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1290, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1290/1/012011.
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Abstract Smart greenhouses enable remote control and monitoring of the planting environment through a mobile application. However, existing mobile applications designed for smart greenhouses often suffer from unattractive user interfaces and limited features, reducing their effectiveness in monitoring and controlling greenhouse conditions. This study’s primary objective is to design a prototype mobile application for smart greenhouses by incorporating user interface and user experience (UI/UX) principles. The performance of the designed system is evaluated through the System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment. The study follows the design thinking principles, including empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping, and testing, to identify user problems, generate innovative ideas, and create a design prototype that aligns with user needs. The design prototype is developed using the Figma application. Results from performance testing involving 10 prospective application users indicate an outstanding usability score of 82.75, categorizing it as excellent. This outcome demonstrates the successful development of a smart greenhouse application prototype that, through thoughtful UI/UX design, offers an attractive interface and features that effectively address user requirements.
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Cobo-Fray, Constanza, and Olga Lucia Montoya-Flórez. "Tuhouse: prototipo de vivienda social sostenible de alta densidad para el trópico." Revista Hábitat Sustentable 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2021.11.01.03.
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This work presents the results of research made within the framework of the Solar Decathlon LAC 2019 international competition, which aimed at designing and building a prototype of a TUHOUSE (Technically Unique House Using Solar Energy) affordable dwelling, at a 1:1 scale, a house that is capable of incorporating sustainable and bioclimatic strategies for the tropical region. The methodology consisted of a design workshop with interdisciplinary work from the different architecture and engineering areas in programs at the Universities of San Buenaventura and Autonoma de Occidente (Cali, Colombia). The main contribution of the methodology was to achieve interdisciplinary work from the initial stages, alongside students and teachers participating in the construction of the prototype, before finally checking its performance using the contest’s tests. Among the results that stand out from of this experience, are an urban proposal with high habitability and density, the testing of passive design strategies focused on a prototype envelope that can be replicated in similar conditions, but also the importance of the question about the validity of the thermal comfort model proposed for tropical regions.
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Li, Ziheng. "Prototype of a Solar-powered Fix-winged Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012016.
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Abstract The usage of solar power is a plausible and environment-friendly solution to solve the problem of limited duration of operation of current Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAVs) in market. Based on the state-of-the-art experiments in integrating solar power into aircraft and the basic theoretical calculations, this study investigates an attempt to construct a remote control solar-panel powered autopilot fixed-wing aircraft with technology accessible for home crafting. The aircraft is designed to recharge itself using sunlight within the duration of its operation and execute certain simple autopilot routes. The success of this model sheds light for further research and investment in making small-scale aircrafts solar-powered.
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Gálfi, Pál-Botond, Renáta-Ildikó Száva, Ioan Száva, Sorin Vlase, Teofil Gălățanu, Károly Jármai, Zsolt Asztalos, and Gabriel Popa. "Modern Dimensional Analysis Based on Fire-Protected Steel Members’ Analysis Using Multiple Experiments." Fire 5, no. 6 (December 8, 2022): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire5060210.
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Nowadays, the real structures (considered as prototypes) subjected to fire are analysed by means of the behaviours of some reduced scale structures (defined as models). These prototype–model correlations are governed by the so-called dimensional analysis (DA) methods. These methods, starting from the Buckingham theorem, offer several dimensionless variables and based on them is the so-called Model Law (ML), which is able to foresee the predictable prototype’s answer based on the results of the experimental investigations performed exclusively on the model (usually manufactured at a reduced scale). Based on the MDA principles, in a previous paper the authors elaborated the complete ML for the heat transfer in beams with rectangular-hole cross-sections, considering unprotected as well as thermally protected structural elements. The authors, based on meticulous experimental investigations, obtained the validation of this ML for the unprotected steel members. In this contribution, the authors offer in a similar manner the ML validation for intumescent paint-protected steel members and thus the complete validation of their original ML. In their theoretical and experimental investigations, the authors involved both a real column’s element combined with its models manufactured at 1:2 and 1:4, as well as 1:10 scales too. Consequently, the obtained ML can be considered as generally valid, involving a real structural element and its model manufactured at the desired scale.
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Ashley, K. I., D. S. Mavinic, and K. J. Hall. "Oxygenation performance of a laboratory-scale Speece Cone hypolimnetic aerator: preliminary assessment." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 7 (July 2008): 663–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-011.
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A prototype laboratory-scale Speece Cone hypolimnetic aerator was used to examine the effect of oxygen input rate and outlet port water velocity on oxygen transfer, using four standard units of measure for quantifying oxygen transfer: (i) the oxygen transfer coefficient at 20 °C, KLa20 (h–1); (ii) the standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) (g O2·h–1); (iii) the standard aeration efficiency (SAE) (g O2 kW·h–1); and (iv) the standard oxygen transfer efficiency (SOTE) (%). The maximum inlet velocity (i.e., 70 cm·s–1) was only 23% of the recommended design velocity (i.e., 305 cm·s–1), and the two-phase bubble swarm did not properly develop inside the cone, but remained as a gas pocket at the top of the cone, resulting in a drastically reduced bubble surface area to water ratio. Therefore, all of the performance measures from this prototype Speece Cone were much lower than would be expected with the recommended design inlet velocity of 305 cm·s−1. Despite this difference, the system was still capable of oxygen transfer efficiencies of about 61%, under low gas flow rates, which is still higher than any full-lift design hypolimnetic aerator operating on air. Future research efforts are focused on building a pilot-scale Speece Cone, with as close to the correct inlet and outlet velocities, hydraulic residence time, and physical dimensions as possible, such that a two-phase bubble swarm could be generated. Once this experimental data is collected and analyzed, it can be properly compared with predictive models.
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Caliano, M., N. Bianco, G. Graditi, and L. Mongibello. "Experimental and numerical study on a lab-scale latent heat storage prototype for cooling applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1224 (May 2019): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1224/1/012049.
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Vicentini, Gabriel Arthur, Luan Gabriel Vidal da Silva, Carlos Dias da Silva Junior, and Elias José de Rezende Freitas. "A prototype of a low-cost autonomous mini-vehicle." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 9, no. 11 (December 30, 2023): 18149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl9iss11pp18149.
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This work presents the first phase of developing a prototype of an autonomous mini-vehicle on a scale of 1:24. The main contribution is the feasibility and executability of the project using only simple, readily available, and low-cost components. The primary focus was to construct a functional 3D chassis capable of housing all the necessary parts, creating full-scale 3D mechanical components. In addition, we show the first server-client programming using the ROS (Robot Operating System) platform, which allows communication between a central computer and the ESP32 microcontroller. All data that supports this paper are freely available.
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Alpaslan, Emre. "Investigation on Similarity between Dynamic Behavior of a Reduced-Scale One Span Historical Masonry Arch Bridge Model and Prototype Bridge." Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2020.001.002.
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Experimental investigations of large and complex structural systems can be carried out by reduced-scale models in terms of convenience, time-saving and economical. This can be applied to different fields of study such as vibration, impact and explosion problems in structural engineering and allows reliable analysis to understand the static and dynamic behavior of real structures called a prototype. This study aims that a 1/3 reduced-scale model is created in the laboratory environment considering similitude requirements by selecting a single span historical masonry arch bridge as a prototype structure. For this purpose, the Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) Technique is utilized for experimental study to determine modal parameters of the prototype and model bridges. The similarity of the dynamic behavior of the reduced-scale bridge model and prototype are investigated. The analysis of the similarity in the dynamic behavior of the prototype and model bridge consists of comparing the natural frequencies and mode shapes by utilizing the modal assurance criterion (MAC) corresponding to the translational, bending and torsional modes. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the dynamic behavior of the reduced-scale bridge model is similar to the dynamic behavior of the prototype bridge.
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Wang, Hao, Baoluo Wang, Jiaqiao Cao, Quanrong Zhu, Mengbin Song, Chaoyue Wang, and Fujun Wang. "Engineering evaluation and reflection on the operation stability of large-scale tubular pump." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2854, no. 1 (October 1, 2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2854/1/012008.
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Abstract Large-scale tubular pumps are widely used in the fields such as low-head agricultural irrigation, water diversion project and urban drainage. For this pump type, the rotation axis is perpendicular to the gravity direction, resulting in the operation instability risks induced by the constant static pressure difference. However, due to the large size of prototype pumps and the difficulty of field tests, there is currently a lack of on-site monitoring data, which makes it difficult to truly understand the actual operation of large-scale tubular pumps and to provide engineering experience with direct guidance for similar projects. To fill this research gap, this paper takes the largest shaft-well tubular pump in China as an example, and the on-site monitoring of the prototype is carried out. On the one hand, the distribution characteristics of stability indexes such as pressure fluctuations, vibrations and shaft swings are quantified, and it is proved that the performance of large-scale tubular pumps cannot be estimated only by the hydraulic model experiments. On the other hand, the potential risks to be addressed such as the phenomenon of pressure polarization oscillation, low-speed-induced dry friction of bearing shells, and the cantilever-induced bending deformation of pump shaft are reflected, which should be paid more attention to in the future development. These research results can provide valuable engineering experience for the safe and stable operation of large-scale tubulars.
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Salazar, Santiago, Dionisio Malagón, Edwin Forero-García, María Josefina Torres, and Marco Antonio Velasco Peña. "Evaluation of a Hydrogen Powered Scooter Toy Prototype." Machines 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10121134.
Full textAbstract:
Electric scooters are used as alternative ways of transport because they easily make travel faster. However, the batteries can take around 5 h to charge and have an autonomy of 30 km. With the presence of the hydrogen cell, a hybrid system reduces the charging times and increases the autonomy of the vehicle by using two types of fuel. An increase of up to 80% in maximum distance and of 34% in operating times is obtained with a 1:10 scale prototype with the hydrogen cell; although more energy is withdrawn, the combined fuel efficiency increases, too. This suggests the cell that is used has the same behavior as some official reported vehicles, which have a long range but low power. This allows concluding that use of the cell is functional for load tests and that the comparison factor obtained works as input for real-scale scooter prototypes to compete with the traditional electric scooters.