Relevant bibliographies by topics / 1.1 scale prototype

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic '1.1 scale prototype'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Zulkarnain, Muhammad Fikri, Muhammad Fazlur Rahman, Muhammad Luthfi Imam Nurhakim, Ony Arifianto, and Taufiq Mulyanto. "Flight Test of GL-1 Glider Half Scale Prototype." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1005 (April 2018): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1005/1/012031.

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Hidayat, T., K. Syamsu, T. C. Sunarti, M. Nurilmala, and L. P. Manalu. "Prelimenary Study Technology Readiness Level and Techno-economic Analysis of Seaweed-Based Soft Capsule Prototypes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1289, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1289/1/012015.

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Abstract Product downstream to be marketable can be seen from the technological and techno-economic readiness level. This research aims to determine the level of technological and techno-economic readiness of the seaweed soft capsule prototype. The method used is to determine TRL (Technology Readiness Level) based on technometers and techno economics by looking at the sensitivity and feasibility of the business. The results show that the readiness level of the seaweed soft capsule prototype technology is at level 7, meaning that it has been scaled up but several parameters in industrial scale scale-up must be improved. For the feasibility techno-economic analysis of the seaweed soft capsule prototype, the Net B/C result was obtained with a value of 1.64. The NPV results obtained were 4,621,393,281, with an IRR of 33%. The payback period is estimated to be 3.01 years. The level of technological readiness and feasibility results show that the development of soft capsule prototypes for downstream commercialization has good prospects, as long as the availability of raw materials is guaranteed.
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Xu, Jie, Guangyong Wang, and Renjie Liu. "On the Similarity Relationship between the Structural-Steel Prototype and the 304-Stainless-Steel Dynamic Scale Model." Buildings 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2023): 2966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122966.

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Due to the size limitations of shaking tables, dynamic scale models of large-span space structures for engineering have small cross-sections and thin wall thicknesses. It is difficult to use the structural steels commonly used in prototypes to make dynamic scale models. In this paper, 304 stainless steel is proposed for making the scale model, and the similarity relationship between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model was studied. Firstly, a uniaxial test was conducted to study the elastic modulus similarity and the yielding stress similarity. The test results demonstrated that the elastic modulus similarity ratio was 1:1, and the stress similarity ratios of the 304 stainless steel and the three typical structural steels were 1:1 (Q235 steel), 1:1.5 (Q355 steel) and 1:1.8 (Q420 steel). Then, the similarities of other variables were derived using the dimensional analysis method. In the end, a numerical analysis was conducted to verify the similarity relationship between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model. In the numerical analysis, a single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure and a dynamic scale model with a length similarity ratio of 1:20 were established by using the ABAQUS 2021 software, and the node displacement, the element internal force and natural vibration characteristics were analyzed. The results show that standard deviations of the displacements, the internal forces and the natural vibration frequencies between the prototype and the scale model were within 5%. It turns out that the proposed similarity between the structural-steel prototype and the 304-stainless-steel dynamic scale model was applicable in the elastic stage. The findings provide a reference for designing a dynamic scale model of large-span space structures for engineering by using 304 stainless steel.
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Li, Zhe, Fangping Ye, and Shiying Wu. "Design and Experimental Verification of a 1/20 Scale Model of Quayside Container Crane Using Distortion Theory." Shock and Vibration 2019 (August 20, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5893948.

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The scale model is an effective method to research the performance of quayside container crane (QCC) under the seismic condition, but the model distortion usually exists in the similar design process which leads to the incomplete similarity between the scale model and prototype. In this investigation, the distortion theory and the prediction coefficient correction method are used to upgrade the quality of 1/20 QCC scale model and, then, the seismic response of the QCC prototype is obtained from the shake table scale model test. In the first step, the similarity ratio of the 1/20 QCC scale model is calculated by the similitude law and the size of scale model is obtained from the similarity constants. In the second step, the bending stiffness is selected and determined as the distortion term and, then, the relationship between the distortion coefficient and the prediction coefficient is obtained by the finite element prediction coefficient method. Furthermore, the three different scale models are manufactured and tested in the shake table experiment under different seismic conditions. It is found that the experimental test results are consistent with the numerical simulation results of the QCC prototype. It can be concluded that the QCC scale model can be used to predict the performance of the prototype under the different seismic conditions after corrected by distortion theory, and the distortion theory is an effective method to solve the incomplete similarity between the scale model and prototype.
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Jin, Y. L., and Z. G. Li. "Theoretical design and experimental verification of a 1/50 scale model of a quayside container crane." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 6 (September 29, 2011): 1644–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211423603.

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An effective way to study the dynamic performances and seismic behaviours of large-scale engineering structures is using a scale model. This article aims to develop a geometric-scaled model of the 1/50 for a quayside container crane such that the dynamic characteristics of the prototype can be accurately predicted from the relevant features of this scale model. To this end, a detailed design process for the main components of a 1/50 scale model of the quayside container crane was first presented according to the similitude law. Then, a hammering modal test and the Ling dynamic system shaking table test were successively carried out to obtain the dynamic characteristics of this 1/50 scale model. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared with the computed results of the prototype obtained from numerical simulation and they showed a fairly good agreement. From the comparison results, it can be seen that the model design is instructive enough to provide some valuable information and practical use for professionals and researchers involved in the design of large-scale port facilities.
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Chen, Ling, Xuan Wang, Baiyi Li, and Peng Lin. "Experimental Study of Scale Effect in Tunnel Fires at Different Sealing Ratios." Fire 6, no. 3 (February 28, 2023): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6030092.

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Fully or partially sealing the openings of tunnels to accelerate the self-extinction of fires provides a promising firefighting tactic to beat large fires in a long tunnel. So far, most experimental studies on the characteristics of fire with different sealing ratios have been conducted in reduced-scale tunnels. However, whether the findings in a reduced-scale tunnel can be converted to its full-scale prototype tunnel based on scaling laws has not yet been adequately studied. A series of experiments with heat-release rates of 15.8, 31.6 and 63.2 kW were conducted with sealing ratios ranging from 0% to 100% in a prototype tunnel measuring 20 m long, 0.9 m wide and 0.46 m high. The experimental results were compared with those from a 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel measuring 10 m long, 0.45 m wide and 0.23 m high. It showed that temperature rise along the tunnel in the 1/2 reduced-tunnel could be significantly underestimated. The differences in temperature rise increased monotonously with distance away from the fire seat, and they were as high as 70% at the tunnel portals, irrespective of the heat-release rates and sealing ratios. The study showed that the scale effect of fires was not sensitive to the Reynolds number of flows in tunnels. The minimal sealing ratio for the self-extinction of fires in the prototype tunnel was 85%, whilst it was 75% in the 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel, and the study revealed that the fires were much easier to extinguish in the 1/2 reduced-scale tunnel than those in the prototype tunnel, where the fires can sustain in a lower oxygen concentration. The study demonstrated that scaling laws could be invalid for tunnel fires with different sealing ratios and that results observed in reduced-scale tunnels should be further verified when applied to full-scale prototypes.
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Brekke, Edmund F., Egil Eide, Bjørn-Olav H. Eriksen, Erik F. Wilthil, Morten Breivik, Even Skjellaug, Øystein K. Helgesen, et al. "milliAmpere: An Autonomous Ferry Prototype." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2311, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2311/1/012029.

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Abstract In this paper, we summarize the experiences with the autonomous passenger ferry development prototype milliAmpere, which has been used as a test platform in several research projects at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) since 2017. New algorithms for motion planning, motion control, collision avoidance, docking, multi-target tracking and localization have been developed and verified in full-scale experiments with milliAmpere. The infrastructure surrounding milliAmpere includes several sensor rigs supporting research on multi-sensor fusion and situational awareness, and a shore control lab which can be used to study the interaction between human operators and the autonomous ferry. Building upon the experiences with milliAmpere, the full-scale autonomous ferry milliAmpere2 was recently launched.
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Altaee, Ameir, and Bengt H. Fellenius. "Physical modeling in sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 3 (June 1, 1994): 420–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-049.

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Small-scale testing under 1 g conditions as well as in the centrifuge presupposes that a model and prototype have comparative behavior. The chief condition for agreement between model and prototype is that the initial soil states of both must be at equal proximity to the steady state line. Then, when stresses are normalized to the initial mean stress, the model will in all aspects behave similarly to the prototype. Scaling rules are presented that indicate the relations between stress, strain, and displacement for the model and the prototype in terms of geometric scale and stress scale. An obvious limit of scales is imposed by that the soil in the model can be no looser than the maximum void ratio. Similarly, it must not be denser than a value that corresponds to a prototype soil at the minimum void ratio. Three main areas of application of the approach in engineering practice are identified: design of representative 1 g small-scale model tests; reanalysis of data from conventional small-scale tests; and improving the versatility of centrifuge facilities in recognition of the fact that the centrifuge test does not need to be performed at equal levels of stress, when designed according to the new approach. Key words : physical modeling, sand, scaling relations, steady state, centrifuge testing.
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Liu, Qing Yang, Yao Gong, and Zhen Xu. "Structural Damage Identification Based on Dynamic Analysis of the Scale Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 1073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.1073.

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This paper has been prototyped fine 1:20 scale model of the finite element numerical simulation analysis of each parameter sensitivity test conditions, based on similar principles of dynamics, through the production of about 1/20 the proportion of prototype scale model of the bridge, dynamic characteristics of research conducted scale model of finite element analysis, and study whether there are cracks in the presence of dynamic response mode model, summarized the structure of the bridge structure in a given period reflect the physical characteristics of the local sound voiceprint and bridges under the geometric structure of the physical parameters of a period of time to maintain the basic stability conditions, the "voiceprint" has a high probability of stability.
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SUZUKI, YOSHIKI, MINORU MIZUTANI, TAKAMITSU SUGIURA, NAOKI SAKAI, and TAKASHI OHIRA. "Prototype Experiments on a 1/32-Scale Model Via-Wheel Power Transfer Electric Vehicle." Electrical Engineering in Japan 195, no. 1 (December 16, 2015): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.22813.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Laffont, Charlotte. "La conception du logement à l’expérience des sonorités – COLEXSON : Un prototype construit pour expérimenter à échelle 1 les ambiances sonores de demain depuis un logement ventilé naturellement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALH014.

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Dans les théories et pratiques architecturales et urbaines, dans les réglementations et les labels de la construction, le son est abordé principalement comme une source de bruit, de nuisance contre lequel il faut isoler le logement. Malgré cela, les constats répétés de manque de qualité sonore des lieux de vie révèlent l’insuffisance de cette approche et la nécessité d’aborder la conception sonore par des outils complémentaires.Comment introduire l’écoute dans la conception des logements collectifs afin qu’ils répondent aux enjeux de la ville de demain et participent à une bonne qualité de vie ? Les espaces intermédiaires, situés entre les écoutes de la sphère privée et celles de la dimension publique, jouent-ils un grand rôle dans les perceptions quotidiennes ? Que peut-on retenir du vécu sonore des usager.ère.s dans les formes architecturales construites qui pourrait intéresser la future écoute de la ville ?Pour y répondre, nous allons nous intéresser aux écoutes de trois catégories d’espaces intermédiaires dans des formes architecturales historiques et contemporaines : les espaces de transition (hall, cour intérieure, etc.), les espaces extérieurs aux abords des logements (terrasse partagée, toiture, balcon, etc.) et l’enveloppe bâtie (double peau, fenêtre).Pour imaginer les écoutes de la ville et du logement avec l’urbanité post-carbone nous allons nous intéresser aux sons des sociabilités, ceux du paysage naturel, aux sons technologiques et à ceux des mobilités. Dans la prospective d’une ville aux nombreux aléas climatiques, nous imaginons une diversité d’usages et de cultures, des programmations mixtes, des mobilités douces (moteurs hybrides et électriques notamment), des proximités et des voisinages apportés par la densité. Les épisodes caniculaires annoncés nécessitent dès à présent de penser à des moyens de rafraîchir les logements. Comment va-t-on pouvoir vivre dans la densité avec les sons du dehors ? Comment rafraîchir un logement par une ventilation naturelle tout en apportant une modulation de l’écoute ?Cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre d’un contrat A.N.R.T.-C.I.F.R.E. au sein du B.E.T. LASA, est rattachée au laboratoire A.A.U.-CRESSON et à la chaire de recherche « Habitat du futur ». Nous sommes convaincus de l’importance de l’expérimentation pour répondre à l’ensemble de ces questions et intégrer l’écoute dans la pratique de l’architecture. C’est pourquoi nous testerons des outils concrets et appréhensibles par les acteur.ice.s d’un projet. Une analyse d’un projet à Villeurbanne (69), le macro-lot B, sera réalisée dès les premières phases de conception pour anticiper ses ambiances sonores et les modulations d’écoute qu’il pourrait apporter. La conception d’un prototype à échelle 1:1 d’ECHAfaudage SONore – ECHASON – visera à expérimenter ses futures ambiances depuis un logement ventilé naturellement et depuis ses espaces intermédiaires. N’ayant pas pu être réalisé dans sa taille maximale, ce seront finalement deux prototypes de dispositifs de ventilation naturelle intégrant un filtrage sonore qui ont été construits et expérimentés avec des acteur.ice.s du projet. Plusieurs bandes sonores anticipant des espaces intermédiaires du macro-lot B ont pu être expérimentées avec des futur.e.s habitant.e.s de ce projet. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’aboutir à l’ébauche de trois cahiers des charges pour intégrer la dimension sonore dans les futurs concours d’architecture et d’urbanisme. La qualité de l’environnement sonore doit être intégrée à la conception des logements au même titre que les préoccupations sur l’ensoleillement, la qualité de l’air ou encore le confort d’été. Cela représente un enjeu social, économique et sanitaire. C’est en cela que ce travail défend l’idée d’une conception des logements par l’écoute qui ne se fasse plus uniquement de manière défensive ou corrective mais plutôt de manière créative et engagée
In architectural and urban theories and practices, in building regulations and labels, sound is approached primarily as a source of noise and nuisance, against which housing must be insulated. Despite this fact, repeated reports of a lack of sound quality in living spaces have revealed the inadequacy of this approach, and the need for complementary tools to address sound design.How can we introduce listening into the design of multi-family housing so that it meets the challenges of tomorrow's city and contributes to a good quality of life? Do intermediate spaces, located between the private and public spheres, play a major role in everyday perceptions? What can we learn from users' experience of sound in built architectural forms that might be of interest to future city listening?To answer this question, we're going to look at three categories of intermediate spaces in historic and contemporary architectural forms : transitional spaces (hall, inner courtyard, etc.), outdoor spaces around dwellings (shared terrace, roof, balcony, etc.) and the envelope of the building (double skin, window).To imagine the sounds of the city and housing in post-carbon urbanity, we're going to look at the sounds of sociability, the sounds of the natural landscape, technological sounds and the sounds of mobility. Looking ahead to a city with many climatic hazards, we imagine a diversity of uses and cultures, mixed-use programming, soft mobility (hybrid and electric motors in particular), proximity enhanced by density. With heatwaves on the horizon, we need to start thinking about ways on how cooling our homes. How can we live in density with the sounds of the outside world ? How can we cool a home with natural ventilation, while at the same time modulating the listening experience ?This thesis, carried out under an A.N.R.T.-C.I.F.R.E. contract within the B.E.T. LASA, is linked to the A.A.U.-CRESSON laboratory and the "Habitat of the Future" research chair. We are convinced of the importance of experimentation in answering all these questions and integrating the listening experience into the practice of architecture. That's why, throughout this work, we'll be experimenting with concrete tools that can be grasped by those involved in a project. An analysis of a project in Villeurbanne (69), the « macro-lot B », will be carried out in the early design phases to anticipate its sound ambiances and the listening modulations it could bring. The design of a 1:1 scale prototype of ECHASON - ECHAfaudage SONore - will be intended to experiment with its future environment of a naturally ventilated dwelling and from its intermediate spaces. As the project could not be carried out to its maximum size, two prototypes of natural ventilation systems incorporating sound filtration were built and tested with the project's actors. Several soundtracks anticipating the intermediate spaces of macro-lot B were tested with future residents of the project. The results led to the drafting of three specifications for integrating the sound dimension into future architectural and urban planning competitions. The quality of the sound environment must be integrated into housing design in the same way as concerns about sunlight, air quality and summer comfort. This represents a social, economic and health issue. In this perspective, this work defends the idea of designing housing through listening, not anymore in a defensive or corrective way, but rather in a creative and committed way
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Breuss, Fritz. "A Prototype Model of EU's 2007 Enlargement." Europainstitut, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2007. http://epub.wu.ac.at/918/1/document.pdf.

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EU's 2007 enlargement by Bulgaria and Romania is evaluated by applying a simple macroeconomic integration model able to encompass as many of the theoretically predicted integration effects possible. The direct integration effects of Bulgaria and Romania spill-over to EU15, including Austria and the 10 new member states of the 2004 EU enlargement. The pattern of the integration effects is qualitatively similar to those of EU's 2004 enlargement by 10 new member states. Bulgaria and Romania gain much more from EU accession than the incumbents in the proportion of 20:1. In the medium-run up to 2020, Bulgaria and Romania can expect a sizable overall integration gain, amounting to additional ½ percentage point real GDP growth per annum. Within the incumbent EU member states Austria will gain somewhat more (+0.05%) than the average of EU15 (+0.02%) and the 10 new EU member states (+0.01%), which joined the EU in 2004. (author's abstract)
Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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Trendle, Mark William. "CHRONOS : a prototype executive information system." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1988. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36844/1/36844_Trendle_1988.pdf.

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Executives in business are facing great competitive pressure in the modern commercial world, and must look to improved information systems as a means of surviving and prospering. They suffer from information starvation, and information overload simultaneously: Their systems do not cater adequately for their information needs. CHRONOS, an Executive Information System, was conceived to meet the executive's need for concise, appropriate information, for decision-making, planning and control in business. The system meets this need by implementing the concept that business variables, held as time series, are convenient and understandable objects for processing, graphing, and presenting numerically. The form of the information is a key factor in the effectiveness of an executive information system. An objective of CHRONOS was to achieve maximum functionality with minimum conceptual complexity for the user. This approach is intuitively appealing to senior executives, many of whom do not have the time nor the inclination to become highly proficient users of computer systems. CHRONOS was therefore designed to be flexible, extendible, and practical, to meet the needs of a user population with senior management backgrounds, with diverse information needs, presentation requirements and computer expertise. It has been implemented as a temporal database system, and the experience provides some insights into the problems developers of such system may encounter.
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Pasini, Samuele <1979&gt. "Uniquitous internet middleware: architecture design and prototype evaluation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1760/1/pasini_samuele_tesi.pdf.

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Technology advances in recent years have dramatically changed the way users exploit contents and services available on the Internet, by enforcing pervasive and mobile computing scenarios and enabling access to networked resources almost from everywhere, at anytime, and independently of the device in use. In addition, people increasingly require to customize their experience, by exploiting specific device capabilities and limitations, inherent features of the communication channel in use, and interaction paradigms that significantly differ from the traditional request/response one. So-called Ubiquitous Internet scenario calls for solutions that address many different challenges, such as device mobility, session management, content adaptation, context-awareness and the provisioning of multimodal interfaces. Moreover, new service opportunities demand simple and effective ways to integrate existing resources into new and value added applications, that can also undergo run-time modifications, according to ever-changing execution conditions. Despite service-oriented architectural models are gaining momentum to tame the increasing complexity of composing and orchestrating distributed and heterogeneous functionalities, existing solutions generally lack a unified approach and only provide support for specific Ubiquitous Internet aspects. Moreover, they usually target rather static scenarios and scarcely support the dynamic nature of pervasive access to Internet resources, that can make existing compositions soon become obsolete or inadequate, hence in need of reconfiguration. This thesis proposes a novel middleware approach to comprehensively deal with Ubiquitous Internet facets and assist in establishing innovative application scenarios. We claim that a truly viable ubiquity support infrastructure must neatly decouple distributed resources to integrate and push any kind of content-related logic outside its core layers, by keeping only management and coordination responsibilities. Furthermore, we promote an innovative, open, and dynamic resource composition model that allows to easily describe and enforce complex scenario requirements, and to suitably react to changes in the execution conditions.
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Patti, Mauro <1989&gt. "MAORY: wavefront sensor prototype and instrument optical design." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8534/1/Mauro_Patti.pdf.

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MAORY will be the multi-conjugate adaptive optics module for the ELT first light. Its main goal is to feed the high-resolution NIR imager and spectrograph MICADO. The present Thesis address the MAORY system at the level of optical design and analysis. MAORY is a complex science projects whose stakeholder is the scientific community. Its requirements are driven by the science cases which request high resolution and astrometric accuracy. In an ideal world without atmospheric turbulence, MAORY optics must deliver diffraction-limited images with very low optical distortions. The tolerance process is one of the most important step in the instrument design since it is intended to ensure that MAORY requested performances are satisfied when the final assembled instrument is operative. The baseline is to operate wavefront sensing using six sodium Laser Guide Stars and three Natural Guide Stars to solve intrinsic limitations of artificial sources and to mitigate the impact of the sodium layer structure and variability. The implementation of a laboratory Prototype for Laser Guide Star wavefront sensor at the beginning of the phase study of MAORY has been indispensable to consolidate the choice of the baseline of wavefront sensing technique. The first part of this Thesis describes the results obtained with the Prototype for Laser Guide Star wavefront sensor under different working conditions. The second part describes the logic behind the tolerance analysis at the level of MAORY optical design starting from definition of quantitative figures of merit for requirements and ending with estimation of MAORY performances perturbed by opto-mechanical tolerances. The sensitivity analysis on opto-mechanical tolerance of MAORY is also a crucial step to plan the alignment concept that concludes the arguments addressed by this Thesis.
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Oates, Howard Stephen. "A prototype centrifugal separator for bulk materials." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1990. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36459/1/36459_Oates_1990.pdf.

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Vibrating screen centrifuge screens, commonly used for de-watering coal, are subject to high abrasive wear rates and consequently large maintenance costs. Ceramic and composite materials were investigated and tested to find materials suitable for design of a cost effective screening surface with a greatly improved service life through reduced wear. Alumina, bauxite, silicon carbide, fusion cast Zac and Basalt ceramics, and alumina or bauxite particle composites with epoxy and polyurethane matrices were tested for wear resistance using six different tests. A reduction in wear by more than an order of magnitude over present centrifuge screen materials was shown if alumina was used. A centrifuge screen and integral structural support frame were designed. Alumina ceramic was used as the screening surface material, and glass and kevlar fibre reinforced plastics used as structural components in order to reduce weight. Extensive use was made of adhesively bonded joints. The screen and frame mechanical integrity were determined by analysis of all forces acting in service, calculation of the stresses in structural components, and finite element modelling of the frame, screen surface, and adhesive joints. The mechanical properties of the fibre reinforced plastic components and adhesives used were measured to check for adequate strength. In addition, adhesive formulation tests were carried out to maximize adhesion to ceramic surfaces and check the effect of moisture and temperature. A financial analysis of both the total cost of the project and centrifuge screen unit costs demonstrated that there are substantial cost benefits available to the centrifuge operators. Adequate financial returns for the investment in research and development for manufacture of the centrifuge screen itself are also apparent.
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Denaro, Chris. "Dialogues with the Prototype." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/92740/1/Dialogues%20with%20the%20Prototype-Denaro.pdf.

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This exegesis traces a path through the production of an animated work, and discusses the developmental process of an individual production workflow. Through the application and development of a Model of Structured Reflection (Johns, 2002), the creative output of the project focussed on a series of non-narrative, process-driven animation pieces, based on time lapse consumer objects. The creative project fused form and process into a series of mediated collage constructions, promoting spontaneity and reflexivity within my animation workflow. The creative work occupies 75% of this Masters project, and the exegesis 25% (7500 Words) 2
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Flanagan, Arlen. "Design, construction and evaluation of a multi layered solar distillation prototype /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/braesp/1/.

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Mikawa, Kohsuke. "MICRO-F3: As a prototype co-creative Futures Film Festival." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/94780/1/Kohsuke_Mikawa_Thesis.pdf.

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This research designs, executes, and evaluates a prototype film event called micro-f3 Futures Film Festival. This event is a beta version of an original f3 Futures Film Festival concept created by external partner TExT-TUBE FUTURES STUDIOS, which included futures-themed media content in various genres and formats. The research here proposes that films could have a significant impact for identifying issues about the future. Therefore, through the micro-f3 event, this research aims to reveal the potential of futures-oriented films and events for telling futures scenarios.
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Wohlgenannt, Gerhard, Stefan Belk, and Matthias Schett. "A Prototype for Automating Ontology Learning and Ontology Evolution." SciTePress, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4106/1/keod2013.pdf.

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Ontology learning supports ontology engineers in the complex task of creating an ontology. Updating ontologies at regular intervals greatly increases the need for expensive expert contribution. This naturally leads to endeavors to automate the process wherever applicable. This paper presents a model for automated ontology learning and a prototype which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach in learning lightweight domain ontologies. The system learns ontologies from heterogeneous sources periodically and delegates all evaluation processes, eg. the verification of new concept candidates, to a crowdsourcing framework which currently relies on Games with a Purpose. Furthermore, we sketch ontology evolution experiments to trace trends and patterns facilitated by the system.(authors' abstract)
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Books on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Bellingen, Stef van. Museum to scale 1/7. Antwerpen: Pandora Publishers, Ronny Van de Velde, 2013.

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United States. National Imagery and Mapping Agency, ed. Russia, Scale 1:500,000, TPC D-8B, November 1, 1995. [S.l: s.n., 1999.

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Ltd, PTC Phototype Composing. Alberta recreational atlas: Scale 1:750 000 (1 cm = 7.5 km). Victoria, B.C: Informap, 1996.

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Wachsmuth, Wayne. B-1 Lancer: In detail & scale. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: TAB Books, 1990.

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Dodge, Venus. Making miniatures: In 1/12 scale. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1989.

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Martin, Penny, ed. Miniature worlds in 1/12 scale. Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, 1998.

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Carrington, James. Making 1/12 scale character figures. Lewes, East Sussex: Guild of Master Craftsman Publications, 2000.

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Dodge, Venus. Making miniatures in 1/12 scale. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1991.

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Dodge, Venus. Making miniatures in 1/12 scale. Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, 1989.

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Bravard, Jean-Paul. Sedimentary Crisis at the Global Scale 1. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119579847.

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Book chapters on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Bart, Arnaud, Thibault Macherel, Giovanni De Cesare, Sean Mulligan, and Khalid Essyad. "Vortex Siphon – From 1:1 Scale Physical Model to SPH Simulation and Prototype." In Advances in Hydroinformatics, 795–807. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5436-0_62.

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Fabian, P. E., R. P. Reed, and J. B. Schutz. "Combined Mechanical and Electrical Testing of a Full-Scale TF Shear Key Prototype." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Materials, 43–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9059-7_7.

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Walsh, R. P., J. R. Miller, I. R. Dixon, and G. E. Miller. "Lorentz Force Simulation Tests on a Full-Scale Prototype Model Coil of the 45-T Hybrid Magnet." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Materials, 999–1006. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9056-6_131.

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Fernández Ruiz, Miguel, Dario Redaelli, Alejandro Nogales Arroyo, Andrea Monserrat-López, Didier Bourqui, and Albert de la Fuente Antequera. "Macro-Synthetic Fibre Reinforced Concrete Partition Walls for Buildings. Part 1: Experimental Programme and Real-Scale Prototype." In RILEM Bookseries, 260–67. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70145-0_33.

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Escoffier, Sandra, Zheng Li, and Philippe Audrain. "LEAP-ASIA-2019 Centrifuge Tests at University Gustave Eiffel." In Model Tests and Numerical Simulations of Liquefaction and Lateral Spreading II, 187–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48821-4_8.

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AbstractIn the framework of the LEAP-ASIA-2019 exercise, two dynamic centrifuge tests on a gentle slope of saturated Ottawa F-65 sand have been performed at the centrifuge of University Gustave Eiffel. These tests were conducted in parallel with other tests performed in nine other centrifuge centers. In addition to the objectives of the LEAP-UCD-2017 (comparison of the experimental results, e.g., effect of the experimental procedure or of test parameters on the results, and providing of a database for numerical modeling), the new objective was to evaluate, through the tested configuration, the generalized scaling approach described by Iai et al. (Géotechnique 55(5):355–362, 2005). In this framework, all the centrifuge teams have performed two types of tests. Considering the same prototype geometry, the first test was performed following the classical approach used in centrifuge modeling, and the second test was performed considering the generalized scaling law (GSL). Following the test matrix and test specifications of LEAP-ASIA-2019, University Gustave Eiffel has performed two model tests (test A2 renamed UGE-1/50-62 and test A3 renamed UGE-2/25-62). The two tests have been performed on a slope sand with the same relative density (62%) considering a target motion PGAeff = 0.3 g (1 Hz ramped sine at the prototype scale).In this paper, the test setup and the deviations from the specifications such as the experimental setup improvement that have followed the LEAP-UCD-2017 tests are presented in detail. The results obtained from the two tests are then provided at the prototype scale for comparison. The obtained input base motions are first presented followed by the characterization of the soil through CPT profiles. The responses of the saturated sand slopes for both tests are then detailed through the analysis of the pore pressure buildup, the accelerations in the soil, and the displacements measured through surface markers and embedded sensors. Some preliminary results of the global scaling approach are then discussed.
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Loh, Paul, Yuhan Hou, Chun Tung Tse, Jiaqi Mo, and David Leggett. "Freeform Volumetric Fabrication Using Actuated Robotic Hot Wire Cutter." In Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES, 280–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_26.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the design, fabrication and operational workflow of a novel hot-wire cutter used as an end effector for a robotic arm. Typically, hot wire cutters used a linear cutting element which results in ruled surfaces geometry. While several researchers have examined the use of hot wire cutter with cooperative robotic arms to create non-ruled surface geometry, this research explores the use of an actuated hot wire cutter manoeuver by a single robotic arm to produce similar form. The paper outlines the machine making process and its workflow resulting in a 1:1 scale prototype. The paper concludes by examining how the novel tool can be applied to an urban stage design. The research set up a fabrication procedure that has the potential to be deployed as an on-site fabrication methodology.
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Weik, Martin H. "prototype." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1362. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15003.

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Nesteruk, Dmitri. "Prototype." In Design Patterns in .NET Core 3, 75–85. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6180-4_5.

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Nesteruk, Dmitri. "Prototype." In Design Patterns in Modern C++, 63–74. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3603-1_4.

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Chung, Carlo. "Prototype." In Pro Objective-C Design Patterns for iOS, 47–62. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-3331-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Sharma, Kalki, Andrew Bodling, Vera Klimchenko, Peter Lorber, Katherine Gruber, Dylan Dziuba, Colin Bunting, Brian Wake, Nick Tuozzo, and Patrick Bowles. "Comparison of Experimental and CFD Results for RAIDER X® Competitive Prototype." In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–14. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-1255.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses are compared with 1/9th model-scale wind-tunnel test measurements for the RAIDER X® Competitive Prototype (CP). A multitude of comparisons with experiment are made, including measured airframe aerodynamic forces and moments, surface pressures, propulsor performance and propulsor-airframe interactions, surface flow visualization, and flow field velocimetry. The CFD tools STAR-CCM+ and CREATE-AVTM Helios were both utilized to simulate the test conditions. The CFD analyses, both using the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model, yielded results which showed good trending with the experimental data. Overall, the CFD tools demonstrated their ability to accurately analyze the behavior of flow over a complex geometry at a variety of orientations. At the same time, a few areas of improvement were identified, such as in regimes of flow separation and complex airflow interactions (such as the hubs' wake impacting the tail). In these areas, trends are often captured, but further investigation and refinements in the CFD analyses are warranted to improve correlations with the experimental data.
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Boccia, O., F. Chella, and P. Zazzini. "Ventilated Illuminating Wall (VIW): Natural Ventilation and Daylight Experimental Analysis on a 1:1 Prototype Scale Model." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp110571922.

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Silva Chaves, Aleson Gleik, Katrine Barbosa Oliveira Chaves, Mateus Sousa, and Fabiano Drumond Chaves. "Construction of a 1 to 5 Scale Vertical Intermittent Coffee Dryer Prototype." In 27th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2023.cob2023-1914.

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Pimentel, Kenneth, Mark Ferneau, and Gavin Anderson. "Breaking the 1:1 Immersion Barrier." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0157.

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Abstract This paper discusses a combination of techniques that lets stylists and designers experience believable 1:1 interactions with virtual prototypes using immersive environments. The intent is to replace physical prototypes with believable virtual prototypes and then use them as the basis for communicating design intent within formal or informal design reviews. Achieving a reasonable degree of “believability” and natural interaction within this context requires addressing a broad range of problems, including: perception of scale, varying frame-rates, non-intuitive interaction devices and process and data integration just to name a few. In addition to these challenges, designers and stylists want to examine multiple forms of product data including bitmaps, movies, text information and 3D data within a single visual context. This paper describes an approach for visualizing and interacting with various forms of product data within a fully immersed environment for the purposes of concept design (the phase of product design where the overall functionality and shape of the product is determined [Kraftcheck, 1997]).
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Cermelli, Christian, Charlotte Leroux, Sandra Díaz Domínguez, and Antoine Peiffer. "Experimental Measurements of WindFloat 1 Prototype Responses and Comparison With Numerical Model." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77057.

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This paper presents experimental results of WindFloat 1 platform and comparisons with the numerical model developed by Principle Power. The WindFloat platform is designed to support multi-megawatt wind turbines. A full-scale prototype was installed offshore Portugal from 2011 to 2016, and produced 17GWh into the Portuguese grid. An extensive monitoring system was installed, including a wave rider buoy, 6-degrees of freedom measurement devices, anemometers, strain gauges, turbine monitoring instruments. Important results obtained during the measurement campaign are described in this paper. These include power predictions, turbine and tower loads, and platform motions. Comparison with numerical simulations are also provided. The numerical analysis methodology includes fully coupled simulations, based on Orcaflex, a commercially available state-of-the-art software to compute the hydrodynamic response of floating systems, combined in the time-domain with FAST, a well-established numerical tool for the design of wind turbines. Results of these comparisons show that the numerical tools are fit for purpose, and were used to calibrate some hydrodynamic coefficients that cannot be obtained accurately with numerical analysis or scaled model tests.
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Globa, Anastasia, Glenn Costin, Rui Wang, Chin Koi Khoo, and Jules Moloney. "Hybrid Environmental-Media Facade Full-Scale Prototype Panel Fabrication." In 37 Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe and XXIII Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Joint Conference (N. 1). São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/proceedings-ecaadesigradi2019_262.

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Ueda, Koh, Yojiro Mori, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Ken-ichi Sato, and Toshio Watanabe. "Large-Scale Optical-switch Prototype Compactly Implemented with Novel Functional Configuration." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2015.w3d.1.

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Atkinson, Cheryl. "ZERO HOUS[ING] 1:1 Prototype + Process: Collaborative and Experiential Education in the Global Housing and Climate Crisis." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.35.

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Zero Hous[ing] is a recently built energy-neutral midrise housing prototype that investigated alternative sites, and alternative forms of practice and production. It used prefabrication and a carbon-sequestering palette to address the housing affordability and climate crisis. While it was produced and reads as a single-family house— it was designed to work as housing for metropolitan areas. This project considers urban typology, architectural design for aesthetics, function, health and well-being, and innovative construction methodologies to look at this problem from the bottom-up and across sectors. The objective was to build demand with consumers and industry for net-zero energy and carbon-sequestering housing by making a healthy and attractive architecture, creating site location and construction efficiencies, and demonstrating through this built prototype and its life-cycle cost and energy analysis, that it might be accessible to the many rather than the few. We realized this building with custom prefabrication and a deeply integrated design process engaging a cross-disciplinary team of professionals, educators, builders and students in all stages of the work. This project is remarkable for the ambition and scope of its definition of sustainable design (urban design, carbon footprint, energy use and construction methodology) and for its recognition that, in order to change existing paradigms we need to actively interact, and through experiments like this, develop new ways to design, build, and live collaboratively. This educational project integrated architecture, engineering, and business faculty and students at Ryerson University, Toronto Canada and an industry construction/education partner called The Endeavour Centre. We collaborated on this one-to-one scale prototype using Passive House principles, and prefabrication as an ethic. We built it using our industry partner’s team of apprentice carpenters and it is now being enjoyed as a full-time residence for its owner while we monitor its performance.
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Bertasi, Federico, Marco Bandiera, Alessandro Mancini, Ariana Pavesi, Andrea Bonfanti, and Massimiliano Bestetti. "Lab-Scale Anodization of Prototype Brake Calipers." In EuroBrake 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/3846714eb2021-stp-012.

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Anodization plays a pivotal role in improving the corrosion resistance of Aluminum-Silicon alloys (AlSix) used in the production of brake calipers.[1] However, the presence of eutectic Silicon particles within the Al matrix can reduce the oxide layer growing rate, leading to inhomogeneous and porous coatings. Following this, tailored current/potential anodization waveforms have been developed, in order to overcome the presence of Silicon, thus obtaining anodic layers with enhanced morphological and corrosion-resistance features.[2][3] In this scenario, a fervent lab-scale R&D activity has been carried out regarding the optimization of pulsed anodization in terms of current density and frequency of the used square wave, obtaining: 1) coated AlSix specimens (30cm2) showing a superior corrosion resistance; and 2) a set of refined anodization parameters to be used to treat AlSix –based materials.[4] Unfortunately, anodization of a prototype caliper, using the obtained optimized waveforms, is not straightforward and appears particularly more challenging with respect to the lab-scale treatment of small specimens. Indeed, the presence of: a) non-uniform Silicon distribution (machined vs. non-machined regions); and b) shielded areas and/or sharp edges; can strongly influence the oxide growth, leading to inhomogeneous coatings and a morphology-dependent corrosion resistance. As a further step toward the implementation of the optimized parameters in an anodization pilot plant, an electrochemical bath is designed, aiming at: 1) anodize a single brake caliper; and 2) scale up the anodization parameters from specimens to caliper treatment. The manuscript will discuss the so-obtained anodized caliper in terms of oxide layer: a) morphology; b) wettability; and c) corrosion resistance. The effect of optimized vs. non-optimized parameters will be discussed as well. Results allow to outline the path for an advanced anodization process, that will briefly lead to obtain AlSix brake calipers with an extended corrosion resistance. References: [1] Bandiera, M., Bonfanti, A., Mauri, A., Mancini, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Corrosion Phenomena in Braking Systems”, CORROSION/20, Manuscript no. C2020-14550, 2020. [2] Bandiera, M., Bonfanti, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Anodization: Recent Advancements on Corrosion Protection of Brake Calipers”, SAE Technical Paper, Manuscript no. 2020-01-1626, 2020. [3] Fratila-Apachitei, L. E., J. Duszczyk, and L. Katgerman. "AlSi (Cu) anodic oxide layers formed in H2SO4 at low temperature using different current waveforms", Surface and Coatings Technology, 165.3, pp. 232-240, 2003. [4] Bandiera, M., Mancini, A., Pavesi, A., Bonfanti, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Optimized Pulsed Anodization for Corrosion Protection of Aluminum Silicon Alloys”, CORROSION/21, Manuscript no. C2021-16431, 2021. (under review).
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Viselli, Anthony M., Andrew J. Goupee, Habib J. Dagher, and Christopher K. Allen. "VolturnUS 1:8: Conclusion of 18-Months of Operation of the First Grid-Connected Floating Wind Turbine Prototype in the Americas." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41065.

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This paper presents an overview of the successful conclusion of 18 months of testing the first grid-connected floating offshore wind turbine prototype in the Americas. The prototype, called VolturnUS 1:8, was installed off Castine, Maine, USA. The prototype is a 1:8 scale prototype and serves to de-risk the deployment of a full-scale 6MW turbine. VolturnUS utilizes innovations in materials, construction, and deployment technologies such as a concrete semi-submersible hull and an advanced composite tower to reduce the costs of offshore wind. The prototype unit was designed following the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) “Guide for Building and Classing Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Installations”. Froude scaling was used in designing the 1:8-scale VolturnUS prototype so that the motions of the prototype in the relatively protected site represent those of the full-scale unit in an open site farther offshore. During the past year, a comprehensive instrumentation package monitored key performance characteristics of the platform during operational, extreme, and survival storm conditions. Data collected include: wind speed, turbine power, rotor angular frequency, blade pitch, torque, acceleration; tower bending moment, 6 DOF accelerations at tower top and base, mooring line tensions, and wave elevation at the platform. During the past year the prototype has experienced many environments representative of scaled ABS design conditions including operational wind and sea-states, 50-year sea states and 500-year survival sea states. This large data set provides a unique view of a near full-scale floating wind turbine subjected to its prescribed environmental conditions. Inspections of the concrete hull following removal provided confirmation of material durability. Marine growth measurements provide data for future design efforts.
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Reports on the topic "1.1 scale prototype"

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Bryant, Mary, Duncan Bryant, Leigh Provost, Nia Hurst, Maya McHugh, Anna Wargula, and Tori Tomiczek. Wave attenuation of coastal mangroves at a near-prototype scale. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45565.

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A physical model study investigating the dissipation of wave energy by a 1:2.1 scale North American red mangrove forest was performed in a large-scale flume. The objectives were to measure the amount of wave attenuation afforded by mangroves, identify key hydrodynamic parameters influencing wave attenuation, and provide methodologies for application. Seventy-two hydrodynamic conditions, comprising irregular and regular waves, were tested. The analysis related the dissipation to three formulations that can provide estimates of wave attenuation for flood risk management projects considering mangroves: damping coefficient β, drag coefficient C𝐷, and Manning’s roughness coefficient 𝑛. The attenuation of the incident wave height through the 15.12 m long, 1:2.1 scale mangrove forest was exponential in form and varied from 13%–77%. Water depth and incident wave height strongly influenced the amount of wave attenuation. Accounting for differences in water depth using the sub-merged volume fraction resulted in a common fit of the damping coefficient as a function of relative wave height and wave steepness. The drag coefficient demonstrated a stronger relationship with the Keulegan–Carpenter number than the Reynolds number. The linear relationship between relative depth and Manning’s 𝑛 was stronger than that between Manning’s 𝑛 and either relative wave height or wave steepness.
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Page, Martin, Bruce MacAllister, Marissa Campobasso, Angela Urban, Catherine Thomas, Clinton Cender, Clint Arnett, et al. Optimizing the Harmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System (HABITATS). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42223.

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) continue to affect lakes and waterways across the nation, often resulting in environmental and economic damage at regional scales. The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) and collaborators have continued research on the Harmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System (HABITATS) project to develop a rapidly deployable and scalable system for mitigating large HABs. The second year of the project focused on optimization research, including (1) development of a new organic flocculant formulation for neutralization and flotation of algal cells; (2) testing and initial optimization of a new, high-throughput biomass dewatering system with low power requirements; (3) development, design, assembly, and initial testing of the first shipboard HABITATS prototype; (4) execution of two field pilot studies of interception and treatment systems in coordination with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; (5) conversion of algal biomass into biocrude fuel at pilot scale with a 33% increase in yield compared to the previous bench scale continuous-flow reactor studies; and (6) refinement of a scalability analysis and optimization model to guide the future development of full-scale prototypes.
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Zhang, Xingyu, Matteo Ciantia, Jonathan Knappett, and Anthony Leung. Micromechanical study of potential scale effects in small-scale modelling of sinker tree roots. University of Dundee, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001235.

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When testing an 1:N geotechnical structure in the centrifuge, it is desirable to choose a large scale factor (N) that can fit the small-scale model in a model container and avoid unwanted boundary effects, however, this in turn may cause scale effects when the structure is overscaled. This is more significant when it comes to small-scale modelling of sinker root-soil interaction, where root-particle size ratio is much lower. In this study the Distinct Element Method (DEM) is used to investigate this problem. The sinker root of a model root system under axial loading was analysed, with both upward and downward behaviour compared with the Finite Element Method (FEM), where the soil is modelled as a continuum in which case particle-size effects are not taken into consideration. Based on the scaling law, with the same prototype scale and particle size distribution, different scale factors/g-levels were applied to quantify effects of the ratio of root diameter (𝑑𝑟) to mean particle size (𝐷50) on the root rootsoil interaction.
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Strebe, Luke. NAI Waste Receptacle Prototype 1 Pictures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2305288.

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Kennedy, Alan, Andrew McQueen, Mark Ballentine, Brianna Fernando, Lauren May, Jonna Boyda, Christopher Williams, and Michael Bortner. Sustainable harmful algal bloom mitigation by 3D printed photocatalytic oxidation devices (3D-PODs). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43980.

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The impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), often caused by cyanobacteria (Figure 1), on water resources are increasing. Innovative solutions for treatment of HABs and their associated toxins are needed to mitigate these impacts and decrease risks without introducing persistent legacy contaminants that cause collateral ecosystem impacts. This technical note (TN) identifies novel opportunities enabled by Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, to produce high surface area advanced material composites to rapidly prototype sustainable environmental solutions for aquatic nuisance species control. This innovative research explores deployment of 3D-printable polymer composite structures containing nano-scale photocatalysts for targeted open water treatment of HABs that are customizable to the site-of-concern and also retrievable, reusable, and sustainable. The approach developed to control cyanobacteria HAB events has the potential to augment or replace broadcast, non-specific chemical controls that otherwise put non-target species and ecological resources at long-term risk. It can also augment existing UV-treatment HAB treatment control measures. The expected research outcome is a novel, effective, and sustainable HAB management tool for the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and resource managers to deploy in their HAB rapid response programs. The research will provide a framework for scale-up into other manufacturing methods (e.g., injection molding) to produce the devices in bulk (quickly and efficiently). Research for this project title “Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins using 3D Printed Photocatalytic Materials (FY21-23)” was sponsored by the US Army Engineer Research Development Center’s (ERDC) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (ANSRP).
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Okulitch, A. V. The 1:1 000 000 scale Geological Atlas, geology. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210498.

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Okulitch, A. V. The 1:1 000 000 scale Geological Atlas, geology. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215650.

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Stacey, M. R., J. G. Arendts, R. A. Berry, G. E. Korth, P. R. Schwieder, J. P. Sekot, and S. D. Snow. Eaton Throat-Valve Element prototype concept. Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10167496.

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Smith, G. L., H. D. Smith, E. M. Tracy, R. L. Myers, J. A. sills, D. L. Fisher, and K. D. Wiemers. Small-Scale High Temperature Melter-1 (SSHTM-1) Data Package. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/206619.

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Bennett, J., R. Dove, W. Dunwoody, E. Endebrock, C. Farrar, and P. Goldman. Simulated seismic tests on 1/42- and 1/14-scale category 1, auxiliary building. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5588980.

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