Dissertations / Theses on the topic '090701 Environmental Engineering Design'
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1
Jreissati, Wadih J. (Wadih Joseph) 1980. "Counterterrorism civil engineering design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29555.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 51).
Because of the increasing concern about terrorist attacks, engineers have shown a substantial interest in making buildings safer for people. In order to come up with the most adequate design, experts have to carefully define the level of risk on the new structure, since people don't want to live in bunker-like buildings. Then, a good understanding of explosive devices will be a major help to keep the damage localized, preventing the overall collapse of the structure which can cause a lot more deaths than the explosion itself. The first and most important parameter is to secure the building's perimeter by increasing the standoff distance or by using security devices such as gates or even bollards around the building; careful site planning is essential and it costs a loss less when accounted for early in the design phase. Also, a wise choice of construction materials will mitigate blast effects; windows, doors, HVAC and firefighting systems should be designed to save lives and to not cause more injuries! Finally, the major driver for a successful blast protection is designing redundancies to carry the additional loads imposed by an explosion; structural members will therefore work as mediators for alternate load paths in the case of damage of their neighboring members.
by Wadih J. Jreissati.
M.Eng.
2
Butler, Keith J. "The design of environmental test rigs." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/11929/.
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Product reliability and its environmental performance have become critical elements within a product's specification and design. To obtain a high level of confidence in the reliability of the design it is customary to test the design under realistic conditions in a laboratory. The objective of the work is to examine the feasibility of designing mechanical test rigs which exhibit prescribed dynamical characteristics. The design is then attached to the rig and excitation is applied to the rig, which then transmits representative vibration levels into the product. The philosophical considerations made at the outset of the project are discussed as they form the basis for the resulting design methodologies. It is attempted to directly identify the parameters of a test rig from the spatial model derived during the system identification process. It is shown to be impossible to identify a feasible test rig design using this technique. A finite dimensional optimal design methodology is developed which identifies the parameters of a discrete spring/mass system which is dynamically similar to a point coordinate on a continuous structure. This design methodology is incorporated within another procedure which derives a structure comprising a continuous element and a discrete system. This methodology is used to obtain point coordinate similarity for two planes of motion, which is validated by experimental tests. A limitation of this approach is that it is impossible to achieve multi-coordinate similarity due to an interaction of the discrete system and the continuous element at points away from the coordinate of interest. During the work the importance of the continuous element is highlighted and a design methodology is developed for continuous structures. The design methodology is based upon distributed parameter optimal design techniques and allows an initial poor design estimate to be moved in a feasible direction towards an acceptable design solution. Cumulative damage theory is used to provide a quantitative method of assessing the quality of dynamic similarity. It is shown that the combination of modal analysis techniques and cumulative damage theory provides a feasible design synthesis methodology for representative test rigs.
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Vadhavkar, Sanjeev Sureshchandra. "Augementing design patterns with design rationale." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43291.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-103).
by Sanjeev Sureshchandra Vadhavkar.
M.S.
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Trost, Christopher S. (Christopher Stone). "Framework for systematic evaluation of environmental ship design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43457.
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Thesis (Nav. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1997, and Thesis (M. Eng)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-107).
by Christopher S. Trost.
M.Eng
Nav.E.
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Borland, Nicholas (Nicholas Paul) 1971. "Integrating environmental impact assessment into product design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46239.
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Silverstein, Scott A. (Scott Aaron). "Applying "Design for Disassembly" to connection design in steel structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53071.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).
Design for Disassembly (DfD), also known as Design for Deconstruction, is an emerging initiative of sustainable construction that favors disassembly over demolition, considering a building's full life cycle during the design phase to maximize the materials that can eventually be salvaged for reuse and thereby closing the materials loop. The author focuses on steel-frame buildings, which are among the best candidates for reuse because of the versatility and durability of individual steel members. An outline of the major principles of DfD singles out successful connection design as one of the most important factors in making a building, particularly a steel- frame building, easy to disassemble. Connection design under traditional construction methods may be optimized for disassembly through tactics such as careful allocation of bolts and welds, proper orientation of moment connections when required, and avoidance of connection details that demand coping of members. Structural engineers should also advance DfD by exploring innovations in connection design, such as standardized systems of components and clamped friction connections.
by Scott A. Silverstein.
M.Eng.
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Clune, Rory P. (Rory Patrick). "Explorative structural design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/60798.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-83).
The thesis proposes a new way of thinking about structural design software. The current state of computational structural design in practice is assessed, and a review of relevant literature and existing software identifies both the strengths of existing approaches and areas in which contributions can be made. A new approach is proposed which combines the strengths of architectural modeling software with structural analysis software, and an original object-oriented framework for the development of next-generation structural design tools is presented. The thesis shows that the field of structural optimization, long maligned by engineers for its impracticalities for engineering practice, can be made relevant and beneficial in providing techniques to explore the design space in an optimally-directed way, leading to the discovery of unexpected and novel structural designs which are easier to build, use less material, and cost less than structures designed by conventional software. The software framework is extended to include these optimization components and to facilitate the future inclusion of new algorithms by users. A fully functional design environment is developed and presented as an implementation of the work of the thesis.
by Rory P. Clune.
S.M.
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El-Shafei, Nayel Salah. "Specification-driven design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45701.
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El-Solh, Wassim (Wassim Hilal) 1977. "Collaborative design process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80933.
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Kieval, Tamar S. (Tamar Shoshana) 1980. "Structural blast design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29414.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2004."June 2004."
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 45).
Blast design is a necessary part of design for more buildings in the United States. Blast design is no longer limited to underground shelters and sensitive military sites, buildings used by the general public daily must also have satisfactory blast protection. Integrating blast design into existing norms for structural design is a challenge but it is achievable. By looking at the experience of structural designers in Israel over the past several decades it is possible to see successful integration of blast design into mainstream buildings. Israel's design techniques and policies can be used as a paradigm for the United States. A structural design for a performing arts center is analyzed within the context of blast design. Improvements in the design for blast protection are suggested. These design improvements include camouflaging the structural system, using blast resistant glass, reinforced concrete, and hardening of critical structural members. It is shown that integration of blast design into modem mainstream structures is achievable. New techniques and creative problem solving must be used to adapt blast design to work alongside current design trends.
by Tamar S. Kieval.
M.Eng.
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Westerhoff, Kevin M. (Kevin Matthew) 1978. "Construction based design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84827.
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Zhao, Rui. "Environmental risk management system design for hazardous waste materials." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6227.
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Hazardous materials can be generally deemed as any material which, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics, may cause, or pose a substantial or potential hazard to human health or the environment. In the context of "sustainable development", most 'materials' could be deemed to be 'hazardous' at some stage of their lifecycle, i.e. from extraction to final disposal. This PhD study develops a decision support system for engineers and policy makers to help limit environmental burden, by reducing the environmental risk and the associated carbon footprint, from the perspective of 'hazardous' materials in product design, through the application of 'game theory' and 'grey theory' etc, as well as various computational approaches, by helping the designer identify novel solutions or mitigation strategies. The thesis starts by introducing the problem situation of the study and identify the research objectives, as well as previous studies have been reviewed in order to set this study in context. Since it is evident that consumers drive the open market, and their preference may be influenced by the carbon footprint label of products, the decision support system proposes an improved carbon labelling scheme to demonstrate the significance of a product‘s carbon footprint in a more visual way. The prototype of the scheme is derived from the concept of 'tolerability of risk', providing a framework by which judgments can be made as to whether society will accept the risk from hazardous materials. Application of game theory for decision support is a novel approach in this study, which aids decision-making by selecting appropriate strategies for both organisations and policy makers to reduce environmental impact. In this context, a game between manufacturers and government in the field of clean production is generated with various game scenarios to reflect the variation trend of strategic actions, and then developed to discuss the reduction of the inherent risk posed by 'hazardous' materials and carbon emissions on the supply chain network. The 'hierarchy of waste' suggests that the most preferable state for sustainability is prevention or the elimination of waste. Although this is not wholly practicable in real terms, the framework gives the importance to waste minimisation and prevention, especially promotes the cleaner production. In addition to strategy selection for mitigating environmental impact, the decision support system also develops an evaluation methodology for application by engineers to aid decision-making on materials selection, thus to improve the materials performances, promote cleaner production and provide better and sustainable products for public consumption.
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Wampler, Charles Wilson. "Relationships in design build." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/60785.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-43).
As design build (DB) becomes more popular, different ways of writing contracts and forming relationships with the various parties are being considered. The main point of this paper is to look at the relationships between the various parties involved in the design build delivery method. Contracts are what legally tie the parties together, but there can be many different problems with these contracts. A poor contract can easily strain good working relations. Contracts will divide the responsibility among the contractor and the designer. There are many different ways to mitigate risk for the design build team in a contract. This paper considers several ways to improve the working relations in a design build team. The contractors and designers face a considerable problem when placing a bid for a DB project. Their team could potentially lose a great deal of money if they under bid the project and win. But they risk not winning a project if their bid is high even if it is reasonable. Communication between the owners, contractors, and designers needs to be effective. There are various problems that have been stated by owners that they believe limit design build. The use of a third party has been popular by public project owners to ensure quality and to check the design build team's work. This relationship with third parties needs to be changed so that the project will not be slowed down. There are a few different ways that are discussed to improve the relations between the contractors, designers, and owners and ways to improve many of mentioned problems.
by Charles Wilson Wampler.
M.Eng.
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Yaroni, Erika (Erika Liat). "Evolution of stadium design/." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74417.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-101).
Stadiums are more than just facilities for organized sport; they offer a gathering site for people with shared interest, provide economic benefits to the surrounding community, and most importantly represent the advancements in architecture and engineering. When stadiums were first developed, their main focus was to provide enclosure for athletes' play and little attention was given to spectators. Most Greek and Roman athletic facilities are guilty of this. While the general geometry of stadiums remains the same today, the structure itself has changed tremendously. As this thesis will point out, there is a multitude of structural systems that have been employed in the design of stadiums. As very big structures attracting a lot of attention, stadiums require good architecture. Designers have not been shy about attacking this problem head on resulting in an abundance of spectacularly designed and built stadiums, many with their own unique features. After introducing significant design constraints and possible design solutions, this thesis will present a handful of case studies. Stadiums from across America and Europe will be discussed in varying detail in the hopes of opening the reader's eyes to the advancements in stadium design. Upon reading this thesis, readers should gain knowledge on the growth of stadium development and hopefully an understanding of where stadium design will go in the future.
by Erika Yaroni.
M.Eng.
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Wallace, David R. (David Robert). "A probabilistic specification-based design model : applications to search and environmental computer-aided design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11777.
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Hällje, Arvid. "Environmental sustainability by design : A case study with Morakniv." Thesis, KTH, Produkt- och tjänstedesign, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286897.
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Arvid Hällje, student at MSc Integrated Product Design, KTH in collaboration with Alexander Mucchiano Ahlström, Industrial Design student at Konstfack and Morakniv AB has investigated how design can be used in favor of environmental sustainability. Different concepts were developed using Morakniv’s best-selling knife as a starting point, with the aim of getting a better understanding of the effect of different design strategies towards sustainability. The result is three concepts that each represent a different design strategy, these being: change of material, modularity and a product service system. The estimated reduction of carbon dioxide footprint is 41%, 58% and 53% with regards to the full life cycle of the product. The concepts were developed with respect to Morakniv AB’s brand, current abilities and technical limitations to make the concepts possible to implement without major procedural changes. The life cycle analysis was carried out by Hällje using the EcoAudit tool embedded in the program CES Edupack (2019) and should be regarded as an estimation rather than an indisputable calculation.Tillsammans med Alexander Mucchiano Ahlström student vid Konstfack och Morakniv AB har Arvid Hällje, student på KTH vid MSc Integrated Product Design i detta projekt undersökt hur design kan användas för ökad miljömässig hållbarhet. Olika scenarier utvecklades för Moraknivs bästsäljande kniv i syfte att få en bättre förståelse för hur olika designstrategier påverkar ekologisk hållbarhet. Resultatet är tre koncept som följer strategierna: byte av material, modularitet och ett produkt-tjänstesystem. I en livscykelanalys av koncepten visas en beräknad förminskning i koldioxidutsläpp på respektive 41%, 58% och 53%. Dessa koncept utvecklades i enlighet med Moraknivs varumärke, möjligheter och tekniska begränsningar för att göra dem realistiska att implementera utan större strukturella förändringar. Livscykelanalysen utfördes av Hällje, medelst verktyget EcoAudit tool, i datorprogrammet CES Edupack (2019).
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Gallegos, Carlos Mario 1973. "Motion based design : solution algorithms to the inverse problem with applications to seismic design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46143.
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Chaiworawitkul, Sakda 1977. "A design performance driven learning framework for conceptual design knowledge : methodology development and applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46551.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, February 2008.Pages 169 and 170 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-167).
This thesis develops a learning framework for automation of acquisition of bridge conceptual design knowledge. The thesis proposes a new learning methodology explicitly aimed at capturing quality design aspects to help engineer gain insight into good design. The research uses the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) data, which contains more than 600,000 bridges. The physical condition ratings are used as proxies for design quality. In this data the relationships between physical condition ratings and bridge design elements are not well-known. The simultaneous equation model (SEM) technique is employed to model the physical condition ratings. SEM has the advantage over existing methods of state transition probability estimation in that no a-priori subjective conditional grouping is required. The resulting model yields the marginal effects of design variables on condition ratings, which is easy for engineers to interpret. The analysis results reveal that design features available in the NBI database alone do not adequately explain the resulting condition ratings. Using the identified performance model, COBWEB, an incremental clustering algorithm, is employed to learn mappings from design specification to configuration space. However, the COBWEB branching strategy focuses on probabilistic predictability of feature values. The learned knowledge therefore represents not clusters of good design aspects but rather clusters of local similarity. A modification to the existing strategy is proposed. A set of experiments has been conducted to compare the original and the modified COBWEB. Finally, the thesis provides a detailed discussion of issues related to the quality of the NBI database and proposes strategies for improved analysis of the NBI bridge data.
by Sakda Chaiworawitkul.
Ph.D.
19
Loh, Zhen Xiang Kenneth. "Factors influencing bus network design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88394.
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Thesis: S.M. in Transportation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.20
Some pages printed landscape. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-79).
Bus network design and frequency setting, the highest level subproblems in the bus planning process, have long-term impacts on bus network performance. Improving network performance not only improves the attractiveness of public transport and thus ridership, but cost-effectiveness as well because public transport experiences increasing returns to scale. In practice, solution approaches rely heavily on the experience and intuition of human planners, possibly guided by solutions obtained through optimization techniques. Optimization is not applied in isolation due to problem complexity and computational intractability, which makes exact solutions for areas larger than a small neighbourhood difficult to compute. In this thesis, we first review some recent proposals to solve the bus network design and frequency setting problem using optimization methods. We solve a simplified version of the problem on a small network to demonstrate the feasibility of a decomposition approach in which we generate routes algorithmically and frequencies using optimization. Next, we propose a more sophisticated methodology to examine the impacts on network performance of various design criteria, such as route length and number of routes. We describe our implementation of a parameterized route generation algorithm, generate a variety of route networks, and then perform trip assignments using origin-destination data from a major city. We then determine the performance of these networks by comparing total travel time, waiting time, and number of transfers required over different networks and on a benchmark (real-world) network. We found that average route length and total network length are the most important criteria for determining network performance. We also found that in the generated networks, reducing total travel time came at the cost of increasing the average number of transfers per trip.
by Zhen Xiang Kenneth Loh.
S.M. in Transportation
20
Graham, Mark Christopher. "Design strategies for coupling buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12307.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-135).
by Mark Christopher Graham.
M.S.
21
Finn, Gavin Alexander. "Event-driven knowledge-based design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11386.
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Haque, Mesbah 1972. "Intelligent parking management infrastructure design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8032.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 71).
This thesis discusses the different components required to build and design a prototype for the Intelligent Parking Management (IPM) infrastructure. Different aspects of the hardware and software components used to build the prototype is also discussed in the thesis along with discussion of business and marketing strategies for the viability of the solution for commercial use. A prototype solution was built using hardware and software components. The prototype was tested for real-time parking meter availability information for both general web customers and smart device users such as PDA with wireless access and Smart Phone mobile devices using 3G technologies. The tests were conducted in a controlled environment with simulation data for real parking meters. The IPM prototype solution infrastructure built was able to provide real-time parking information. The information was accessible via the Internet through standard browsers and 3G enable Smart Phones. The integration between the hardware and software components and the IPM infrastructure design prototype was enabled through various technologies such as Microsoft .NET platform, Microsoft SQL Server 2000, Microsoft Mobile Internet toolkit, DTS, ASP.NET and ADO.NET. The thesis discusses these technologies and their interconnectivity within the IPM infrastructure.
by Mesbah Haque.
M.Eng.
23
Shelden, Dennis R. (Dennis Robert). "Communications technologies in collaborative design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43292.
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Kamili, Hermawan 1977. "Collaborative Graphical User Interface Design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80936.
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Nuccitelli, Saul A. (Saul Augustine). "Design education--theories and practice." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12309.
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Agnesi, Vittorio C. (Vittorio Carlos). "Conceptual design of membrane structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49997.
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Phelan, Randal Scott. "High performance maglev guideway design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31036.
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Margelis, Georgios A. "Geometric abstractions for conceptual design support." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36487.
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Thesis (Ocean. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1994, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-154).
by Georgios A. Margelis.
M.S.
Ocean.E.
29
Bralower, Harrison L. (Harrison Louis). "Mechanical design, calibration, and environmental protection of the REXIS DAM." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85228.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-172).
The REgolith X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (REXIS) is a joint effort by MIT and Harvard to build the student-collaboration experiment aboard OSIRIS-Rex, an asteroid sample return mission sponsored by the NASA New Frontiers program. OSIRISREx is scheduled to launch to near-Earth asteroid Bennu in 2016. REXIS is a coded-mask imaging X-ray spectrometer that supports the missions scientific goals by globally and spatially mapping the soft X-ray emission spectrum of Bennu. X-rays corresponding to unique elements are fluoresced from the asteroid by incident solar radiation and enter the instrument through a coded-aperture mask composed of a psuedorandom pinhole pattern. The X-rays that pass through the mask strike an array of four charge-coupled devices (CCDs) that detect the incident photon energy and location on the imaging array. A spatial map of selected elemental abundances on Bennu is constructed by cross-correlating the mask pattern with the collected data. The CCDs are integrated into a Detector Assembly Mount (DAM) that serves three critical functions: Mechanical alignment, calibration and protection of the CCDs. In this thesis we outline the overall design of the REXIS DAM with a focus on its three main functions. Chapter 1 provides background on the OSIRIS-REx mission and the REXIS instrument. Chapter 2 discusses the adaptation of the AXAF CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) focal plane mechanical design and X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) flexprint electrical design for the REXIS DAM. Chapter 3 outlines the heritage of the DAM internal calibration sources from XIS and the MIT MicroX project. Driving science and engineering considerations for a calibration scheme are described and then used to inform the mechanical design of a novel calibration set for the REXIS DAM. Chapter 4 illustrates the need for protection from the space environment and analyzes the specific risks to the detectors and DAM in space. Special coatings and a one-time deployable radiation shield are used to protect the assembly and ensure integrity of REXIS science data. Chapter 5 describes the test performed to validate the CCD alignment scheme and the dynamic model of the radiation cover. Chapter 6 summarizes the key results of the present work and outlines plans for future work on the DAM.
by Harrison L. Bralower.
S.M.
30
Deshpande, Amit. "Design and optimization of long term monitoring systems for contaminated environmental sites." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2780.
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The purpose of this study was to design and optimize long-term monitoring systems for contaminated environmental sites. This study identified some major issues related to long-term monitoring systems, including those related to sensors, communications, security, and data acceptability. The state of the art among the various components was detailed with benefits and limitations identified for all. It focused on how optimization of performance criteria is achieved in automated long-term monitoring systems. This study particularly focused on a trade-off analysis for determining the optimal long-term monitoring system design. A set of long-term monitoring scenarios was presented and the optimized long-term monitoring system design was then suggested.
Reviews of commercially available water quality monitoring sensors for volatile organic compounds and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems were included.
By using automated systems as suggested in this thesis significant cost reduction may be achieved over the baseline sampling approach. It concludes with several optimized scenarios that can be used for assessing the success of monitored natural attenuation of contaminated groundwater monitoring.
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Kim, Carl Chong-Soo. "Geotechnical aspects of recirculating well design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44495.
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Bessas, Georgios. "Design optimization of cable-stayed bridges." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37565.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-111).
The goal of this thesis is to achieve a basic understanding of cable-stayed systems. Issues to be treated are the diachronic evolution of cable-stayed bridges, including the advantages, the limitations and the basic design concepts of these indeterminate systems. During this project, the design of typical cable-stayed bridges is optimized with computer-based simulation capabilities contained within the SAP2000 computer software system. The analysis strategy starts with the analyses of ten different 3D models under earthquake loading. The numerical results of the analyses form the basis for the optimization of the bridges' designs. This study has indicated that for the specific design examined, the optimum cable spacing is: 13.2m and 12.39m for equivalent steel decks with bending rigidities of IEequiv=3.25*105 kN*m2 and IEequiv=2.25*105 kN*m2 respectively. The procedure also identified the advantage of using bracing on the top half of the towers. The final part of this thesis concerns a case-study of the Rion-Antirion cable-stayed bridge. This includes the creation of an appropriate computer model as well as the proper examination of the quasi-static behavior of the bridge.
by Georgios Bessas.
M.Eng.
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Gantes, Charalambos. "A design methodology for deployable structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13901.
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Lim, Tim S. "High-performance braces for seismic design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82715.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-79).
The fundamental challenge for the structural engineer in designing earthquake-resistant structures is to design buildings with both adequate ductility and sufficient stiffness. Traditional lateral force resisting systems such as the moment resisting frame and the concentrically braced frame are both conventional structural schemes that have been implemented for many years, but result in only mediocre performance levels. The lacking stiffness of a moment resisting frame as well as the limited ductility of a concentrically braced frame gave impetus for engineers to direct significant research efforts into the development of new lateral resisting systems that embody a more stable hysteretic behavior, adequate ductility, control of damage, and energy dissipating capacity. Fortunately, several recent developments have allowed engineers to move one step closer to designing more efficient earthquake-resistant structures. "High-performance braces," as this thesis calls them, are new and improved bracing systems that combine the economy and stiffness of a concentrically braced frame with the ductility and energy dissipating capacity of a moment resisting frame. This thesis analyzes and evaluates three different types of high-performance braces: (i) the buckling-restrained brace frame, (ii) the self-centering energy dissipating brace frame, and (iii) the hybrid brace frame, with regards to their structural performance and economy. The primary goal of the thesis is to provide useful insights into the current developments of high-performance braces for practicing engineers in the hope that such systems can be more widely adopted and utilized in the contemporary design of earthquake-resistant structures. Keywords: High-performance braces, earthquake-resistant structures, seismic design
by Tim S. Lim.
M.Eng.
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Wilson, Samuel Hodin. "Structural design of shallow masonry domes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104248.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-54).
This thesis investigates the viability of shallow, unreinforced masonry domes for the roof and floor systems of residential construction. In recent years, reinforced concrete (RCC) framed construction has been established as the dominant structural form for residential and commercial usage in the developing world, with the flat two-way slab as the most common (almost universal in northern India) spanning solution for these designs. Over the same time period, local artisans in the Muzzafarnagar region of Uttar Pradesh in northern India have combined shallow brick vaulting techniques with an RCC tension ring as a small to medium scale spanning solution. While these vaults are a cost-effective alternative to a concrete slab roof/floor system, improperly designed and detailed masonry construction can prove dangerous, especially in seismic zones. This thesis is an exploration of the structural behavior and design of these domes, intended to produce broadly applicable design guidelines to ensure the strength and stability of this structural typology in order to valorize their broad usage, where appropriate, in India's housing sector. Simplified design calculations for unreinforced masonry which match experimental data are generated using equilibrium methods and plastic design theory. Influence of geometric and material parameters on strength and stability are investigated, and discussion of proper detailing and the limitations of this spanning technology is included.
by Samuel Hodin Wilson.
M. Eng.
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Abboud, Klink Boutros Sami. "Motion-based design methodology for buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33261.
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Strudwick, Casandra Michelle 1974. "Computerized preliminary design : a case study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46147.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 32).
by Casandra Michelle Strudwick.
M.Eng.
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Tsertikidou, Despoina. "Evaluation of strategies for seismic design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74414.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).
Current trends in seismic design require a new approach, oriented in satisfying motion related design requirements and limiting both structural and non-structural damage. Seismic isolation and damping devices are currently used in buildings as two innovative performance-based design approaches. This thesis explores the effectiveness and the differences of the two methods in mitigating the motion of buildings when subjected to earthquake excitation. The concept, advantages, constraints and limitations of the implementation of these two methods are discussed. Major types of isolators and damping devices are presented. A comparative analysis of the seismic response of a fixed base structure, a base isolated and a structure with damping devices is performed with the use of SAP2000.
by Despoina Tsertikidou.
M.Eng.
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Celikbas, Ayse 1974. "Economics of damage controlled seismic design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80487.
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McHugh, Anthony Benjamin. "Visualizing variable sensitivity in structural design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111524.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-62).
Computational tools allow designers to consider vast amounts of information when designing structures; however, without intuitive ways to visualize and model this data it is of little use in the creative process. In this thesis, the context for the use of computational design tools is established through a brief review of methods of incorporating structural optimization into conceptual design. Then, a novel method of visualizing variable sensitivity is presented in a way that complements established methods of interactive optimization. The technique depends upon local sampling of the design space, which reveals the behavior of quantitative structural and architectural objectives to variations in geometric parameters. Two case studies are given to demonstrate the different forms the visualizations may take and how a designer might choose to interpret those forms. The visualization technique and design approach contribute to modern practices in high-performance structural design by revealing significant behaviors of structures during the conceptual design stage.
by Anthony Benjamin McHugh.
M. Eng.
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Abboud, Klink Boutros Sami. "Motion-based design methodology for buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41325.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-132).
by Boutros Sami Abboud Klink.
M.S.
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Baba, Omar. "A methodology for bus network design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36639.
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Mouilek, Sabrina (Sabrina Marie). "Design for adaptability and deconstruction (DfAD)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53070.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-60).
Buildings are static elements in a dynamic environment characterized by fast changing needs and evolving environmental, social, and economic standards. Thus, today challenge for structural design through Design for Adaptability and Deconstruction (DfAD) is to create buildings that are flexible enough to answer these needs. This thesis analyses DfAD for building structures and presents three case studies: a tent, a structure with prefabricated panellised systems, and a container building. The key arguments that justify DfAD are the negative environmental impact of the current structures; the life cycle of a building; the changes expected from buildings; and the cost incentive of this design. DfAD is a combination of design approaches that deal with the different scales of a structure. The fundamental tools to achieve DfAD are the connections, the type of structure, and the use of prefabricated systems. This thesis shows that standardization and layer-and-module modelling are essential to achieve a sustainable structural design. Three case studies present the structural features and the applications of this design approach.
by Sabrina Mouilek.
M.Eng.
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Tokyay, Bora M. (Bora Mustafa) 1980. "A design methodology for hysteretic dampers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84831.
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Mills, Justin W. (Justin Wade) 1974. "Increasing design communication using virtual reality." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80152.
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Suckow, Scott Jeffrey 1975. "Conceptual design of suspended structural systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47657.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis investigates the use of suspended structural systems. This is done by performing a conceptual design for the proposed new Civil and Environmental Engineering building at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It begins with site considerations and owner requirements and progresses through the concept development and design development. Preliminary member sizes are determined. The majority of these are calculated using computer analysis, but hand calculations are included as well. In addition, a 3- dimensional model is created in SAP 2000. This model was used to analyze the impact of dynamic loading on suspended systems. AutoCAD is used to create 2- dimensional architectural and structural drawings. It is also used to create 3-dimensional architectural drawings. AutoVISION is used to apply materials to the surfaces of the drawings and render images. AutoVISION is also used to create a simulated 'fly-by' and 'walk-through.' The issue of constructibility is addressed and erection techniques are proposed. The topic of scheduling construction phases is briefly discussed as well. The thesis includes a rough cost analysis with suggested refinements to enhance the design and reduce the cost.
by Scott Jeffrey Suckow.
M.Eng.
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Peña, Feniosky A. (Feniosky Avelhermi). "Design rationale for computer supported conflict mitigation during the design-construction process of large-scale civil engineering systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11633.
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Mathanlal, Thasshwin. "Design and Development of Perpetual Environmental Station (PES1)." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64612.
Full textAbstract:
The Perpetual Environmental Station (PES1), designed and developed is robust, modularenvironmental station with a multitude of sensors, to study the precursors of Earthquakes and todisseminate a long term, quality data of various atmospheric parameters. The PES1 has beendesigned based on the Earthquake precursors, postulated in various research articles. Most ofthese postulated precursors have been tested in laboratory environments and PES1 will be thefirst station to validate these precursors on field. The PES1 has been designed from a modularpoint of view, considering perpetuity where modules can be easily added, replaced, or upgradedsuch that a long-term functioning of the system is guaranteed. The PES1 will be installed inIceland where the seismic activity is quite high, serving as an ideal test location.The thesis work outlines the precursors of Earthquakes and the seismicity in Iceland, where thePES1 is to be installed. The design and development of the PES1 is described from the hardwareand software point of view, with specifications of each sensor used in the Environmental Station.
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Gomez, Nicolas M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Design of prestressed, fabric-formed concrete beams." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111507.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 60-62).
Fabric forms and prestressing are both technologies for concrete structures that allow for less material to do more work. This thesis seeks to assess the feasibility and performance of fabric formed, prestressed beams with a keyhole cross-section, while varying parameters such as concrete strength, loading, beam depth, and prestressing force. They are designed for flexure via a sectional method, starting with the critical midspan section, and each section is iterated in an effort to minimize the beam weight. Beam strength and deflections are determined and once met, they are compared to more traditional prestress designs. Such beams are found to be governed primarily by strength criteria, as deflections are found to be minimal. These fabric formed beams can use nearly an identical amount of material as conventional I-beams with a constant cross-section, while requiring a higher prestressing force. Prestressed fabric formed beams are less efficient than an I-beam section, but should not be discounted as a viable element, because of their aesthetic appeal and further potential for optimization.
by Nicolas Gomez.
M. Eng.
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Davis, James Brandon. "Suitability of salvaged timber in structural design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73782.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).
Increased demand for timber construction in the United States has placed a strain on the American timber reserve. At the same time, the annual demolition of thousands of buildings and wood structures results in thousands of tons of waste earmarked for incineration or landfill disposal. There exists a great potential to reuse most of the wood already standing in today's structures for tomorrow's construction. Identifying alternatives for virgin timber can create economic opportunity and help to mitigate an expensive and environmentally sensitive landfill problem. This thesis describes the opportunities, barriers, and benefits of using reclaimed lumber and timbers in new construction. Factors affecting the mechanical properties of wood are examined and changes in strength over time are quantified. Utilizing current research, various sources of reclaimed timber are studied and recommendations are made as to their potential for reuse in structural design.
by James Brandon Davis.
M.Eng.