Dissertations / Theses on the topic '060602 Animal Physiology - Cell'
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Silverman, David A. "Red blood cell spacing in capillaries of rat heart." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9668.
Full textBindon, Shawn. "Interrelationship between chloride cell proliferation and gas transfer in the rainbow trout." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6797.
Full textZhang, Hui 1971. "The role of Rho GTPases in complement-mediated glomerular epithelial cell injury /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98529.
Full textSohi, Jasloveleen. "Investigation of factors regulating parathyroid cell proliferation." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55530.
Full textIn summary, my studies have shown that parathyroid cells respond to selected growth factors. This proliferative response involves increased expression of c-myc, c-fos, c-jun and PTHrP. 1,25-(OH)$ rm sb2D sb3$ inhibits the expression or c-myc, and cell proliferation is inhited. The differentiated parathyroid cell expresses high levels of CgA and PTH. However, during proliferation these high levels are not sustained.
Sayegh, Camil E. "The role of the B cell receptor complex in avian B cell development dissected by retroviruses /." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37621.
Full textKomorowski, Joanna Irena. "Influence of protein kinase C activators and inhibitors on rat granulosa cell steroidogenesis in vitro." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6745.
Full textDubé, Gilles. "Post-translational processing of atrial natriuretic factor. A study using a novel cell culture system." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7779.
Full textPietersen, Alexander Nicolaas Johannes. "Adenosinergic modulation of hippocampal gamma oscillations : from single cell to whole animal." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1041/.
Full textDhawan, Anil. "The role of oocyte- and embryo-secreted factors in cumulus cell differentiation and their relationship to embryo quality and developmental competence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0028/MQ52295.pdf.
Full textKim, Changsung. "Assessing the function of Caenorhabditis elegans Ror receptor tyrosine kinase CAM-1 in cell migration, cell polarity, and axon protrusion." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3215192.
Full textSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1801. Adviser: Wayne C. Forrester. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 20, 2007)."
Bernier, Suzanne M. (Suzanne Marie). "Regulatory influences of microenvironmental factors on osseous cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39329.
Full textSiam, Rania. "Mechanisms of C. crescentus regulation of chromosome replication by a cell cycle regulator protein." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37838.
Full textThis cooperative CtrA binding at [a] and [b] is independent from the upstream binding sites [c-e] (Chapter 2). CtrA∼P binding in the origin is altered in the presence of the histone-like protein (IHF) that also binds and overlaps CtrA binding site [c] (Chapter 5). In-fact, IHF binds and overlaps binding site [c] (Chapter 5). We propose a replication model in the stalked cell were IHF binding hinders active CtrA binding in the replication origin and regulates cooperative transcription that coincides with replication initiation.
Nguyen, Hannah Anh-Quan. "Regulation of gene expression and cell growth by transcriptional proteins of the interferon system." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35028.
Full textTherriault, Pierre. "Apoptosis in the adult goldfish pituitary." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26401.
Full textAzarani, Arezou. "The effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHRP) on Na+H+ exchanger activity and analysis of signal transduction mechanisms." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40109.
Full textDrake, Julie. "Effect of Choline on Ca2+ -activated K+ channels in bovine chromaffin cells." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60447.
Full textCholine (20-70 mM) applied to the intracellular membrane surface dose dependently reduced outward current flow through the channel. The reduction in single channel current amplitude increased with depolarization.
These data suggest that choline is a fast blocker that binds within the channel pore. The K$ sb{ rm d}$(0) for the reaction is 90 mM while $ delta$ is 0.27, suggesting that the choline binding site senses 27% of the transmembrane electric field.
The average open state probability appeared not to be affected by choline at any of the membrane potentials that were studied.
Poulter, Michael Owen. "The role of potassium conductances in regulating the excitability of myelinated axons /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74560.
Full textChoi, Jiwon 1977. "The role of fibulin-5 : in the ultrastructural and biomechanical properties of skin." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81611.
Full textJia, Yanlin. "Nitric oxide and airway smooth muscle responsiveness." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29052.
Full textNO is known to be synthesized from L-arginine in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS). Liver cytochrome P450 also catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of C=N bonds of compounds containing a -C(NH$ sb2$)NOH function, producing NO in vitro. We hypothesized that the biosynthesis of NO in airway smooth muscle cells could result from P450 enzymes acting on appropriate substrates. NO can be synthesized in a number of lung cell types. However, to date, no constitutive form of NOS activity has been found in airway smooth muscle cells. We next examined the possibility that airway smooth muscle itself might be able to synthesize NO. Formamidoxime, a compound containing the -C(NH$ sb2$)NOH function, was found to produce NO in cultured airway smooth muscle cells. As well, formamidoxime relaxed pre-contracted trachealis and cyclic GMP accumulation in airway smooth muscle cells in culture. These effects were inhibited by P450 inhibitors but not by NOS inhibitors. Thus, an L-arginine-independent pathway for production of NO was demonstrable in airway smooth muscle cells. This NO production was catalyzed by P450 but not by NOS.
In conclusion, my studies have demonstrated an important role for endogenous NO production in determining the airway responsiveness of normal rats to inhaled cholinergic agonists. This mechanism contributes to strain-related differences in airway responsiveness in the rat.
Dorato, Andrea. "Characterization of the structure and subcellular distribution of the rat hepatic prolactin receptor." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39814.
Full textThe intracellular distribution of PRL receptors was determined by Percoll gradient centrifugation and application of the diaminobenzidine (DAB)-shift methodology. There was a sex-dependent distribution of PRL receptors, with females having a 3-fold higher concentration of receptors in early endosomes than males. This discrepancy disappeared when male rats were treated with estrogen. No such sex-dependent distribution of intracellular receptors were discovered for insulin receptors.
Colchicine treatment of estrogen-induced male rats prevented newly synthesized receptors from reaching the cell surface, and allowed the accumulation of at least some of these receptors into an endosomal compartment. These studies suggest that under conditions of colchicine blockade, PRL receptors may access an endosomal compartment by an entirely intracellular route. To date, such a route has only been described for mannose-6-phosphate receptors.
Dumont, Nancy. "Characterization of transforming growth factor-b receptors in the human endometrium." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23268.
Full textPaquet, Michel. "Calcium permeation of the a4b2 subtype of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21618.
Full textJackson, Andrew R. 1972. "Estrogenic regulation of N-cadherin in the rat testis : an examination using agonists and antagonists of estradiol." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27349.
Full textI have examined the estrogen effects on N-cadherin protein levels in the testes of 21-day-old rats. The rats were injected with either 17$ beta$-estradiol, the anti-estrogens Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780, or estradiol in combination with ICI 182,780. Immunoblotting analysis of testicular proteins shows that N-cadherin levels in the 21-day-old rat are stimulated by estrogen. Treatment with anti-estrogens decrease N-cadherin levels. Administration of estrogen was able to overcome the inhibitory effects of anti-estrogen treatment. The results obtained from these studies indicate that the effect of estrogen on testicular N-cadherin levels is mediated through the estrogen receptor. Estrogen receptor levels within the testis are not altered by exogenous estrogen, but can be affected by treatment with anti-estrogen.
These experiments support the hypothesis that estrogens play an important role in spermatogenesis. In addition, the results provide insight into how disruption of testicular estrogen responsiveness can reduce fertility and why chronic anti-estrogen treatment results in disorganization of the seminiferous epithelium.
Cruz, Javier. "The internalization pathway of insulin in exocrine pancreatic cells /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74619.
Full textInsulin was seen at the cell membrane soon after administration of the radiolabeled hormone. After 10 and 20 minutes silver grains were found over compartments deep within the cells, at distances greater than 5 half-distances. Grains were also seen to be associated with endosomal vesicles characterized by heavily stained, often fuzzy, membrane. At this time and later times of 45 minutes, grains were observed over zymogen granules. A group of rats was treated with chloroquine to interfere with intracellular vesicle acidification. The results revealed an accumulation of insulin in endosomes and in presecretory and secretory granules.
Degradation of insulin was found to be significantly inhibited by chloroquine in the liver but not in the pancreas. Degradation of insulin in normal rats was found to be slow in the pancreas but fast in the liver.
The results suggest that insulin is internalized to endosomes within which it may be degraded. Internalized insulin was also seen in the trans Golgi network and zymogen granules, especially after chloroquine treatment. This suggests an access route from endocytic to exocytic compartments which may be related to the pathway of sorting of lysosomal proteins. It may also be significant in the transcytosis of insulin to the pancreatic duct.
Lu, Jun 1969. "Currents induced by somatostatin-14 in monkey kidney cells (COS-7) stably expressing human somatostatin receptor subtype 4." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24023.
Full textThe outward current produced by a sequence of depolarizing steps from a holding potential of $-$80 mV was enhanced by $>$1 nM SST-14. Both the endogenous and SST-14 enhanced outward current had a high threshold ($ sim -$40 mV). The reversal potentials of their tail currents changed with a change of (K$ sp+ rbrack sb{ rm o}$ as expected for a current carried predominantly by K$ sp+$ ions. It was blocked by TEA (10-20 mM) and Ba$ sp{2+}$ (1 mM), but not by charybdotoxin (100 nM) and carbachol (50 $ mu$M) in the extracellular solution suggesting that it is largely due to a delayed rectifier K$ sp+$ channel.
A smaller inward current at potentials negative to $ sim -$60 mV was also observed and was enhanced by SST-14 in a similar concentration range. It was blocked by Ba$ sp{2+}$ (1 mM) and Cs$ sp+$ (1 mM) suggesting that SST-14 also enhances an inward rectifier K$ sp+$ current. Both outward and inward currents enhanced by SST-14 were pertussis toxin and cAMP sensitive.
Smith, Margaret Snoke. "The role of axis formation in the evolution of direct development in the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3330785.
Full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 22, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-10, Section: B, page: 5873. Adviser: Rudolf A. Raff.
Rudy, Diane E. "Myofibrillogenesis and the avian precardiac explant system." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280248.
Full textLadd, Andrea Nicole. "Growth factor-mediated regulation of cardiac myogenesis during early avian embryogenesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288995.
Full textSun, Guoxian. "A murine cell model for karyotype instability in chronic myelogenous leukemia." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26154.
Full textFouche, Celeste. "Differential effects of TNfα on satellite cell differentiation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19596.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine and has a wide variety of dose dependent cellular effects ranging from cell growth and differentiation, to inducing apoptosis. It has long been implicated in muscle and non-muscle inflammatory disorders, such as muscle wasting in chronic disease states, and rheumatoid arthritis. However, a physiological role for TNFα in muscle regeneration has been proposed as elevated levels of the cytokine are present when muscle regeneration processes are initiated: TNFα is secreted by infiltrating inflammatory cells, and by injured muscle fibres. Adult skeletal muscle contains a population of resident stem cell-like cells called satellite cells, which become activated, proliferate and differentiate following muscle injury to bring about repair of damaged muscle. Much research on the effects of TNFα on satellite cell differentiation has been conducted in recent years. It is however difficult to get a complete characterisation of the cytokine’s action as all models used slightly differ. We aimed therefore at providing comprehensive assessment of the effects of increasing doses of chronically supplemented TNFα on differentiating C2C12 cells. Cells were allowed to differentiate with or without TNFα supplementation for 7 days. Differentiation was induced at day 0. The effect on differentiation was assessed at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 by western blot analysis, and supplementary immunohistochemical analysis at days 1, 4, and 7 of markers of differentiation - muscle regulatory factors: MyoD and myogenin, markers of the cell cycle p21, PCNA, and the integral signalling molecule, p38MAPK. TNFα supplementation at day 1 tended to positively regulate early markers of differentiation. With continued supplementation however, markers of differentiation decreased dose dependently in treated cultures as the initial effect appeared to be reversed: A trend towards a dose dependent decrease in MyoD, myogenin and p21 protein existed in treated cultures at days 3, 5, and 7. These findings were significant at day 5 (p21, p<0.05), and day 7 (myogenin, p<0.05). A significant dose dependent decrease in p38 phosphorylation was evident at day 3 (p<0.05), while phospho-p38 was dose dependently increased at day 7 (p<0.05). Taken together, these data show that TNFα supplementation for 24 hours following the induction of differentiation in vitro, tends to increase levels of early markers of differentiation, and with continued TNFα supplementation decrease markers of differentiation in a dose dependent fashion. This study provides a comprehensive characterisation of the dose and time dependent effects of TNFα on satellite cell differentiaton in vitro. The model system used in the current study, allows us to make conclusions on more chronic disease states.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tumor nekrose faktor alfa (TNFα) is ‘n pleiotropiese sitokien wat ‘n wye verskeidenheid, dosis afhanklike, sellulêre effekte te weeg bring. Hierdie sellulêre effekte sluit sel groei en differensiasie tot sel dood in. TNFα is by beide spier en niespier inflammatoriese stoornisse soos spier tering in kroniese siektetoestande, en rumatiese artritis betrek. ‘n Fisiologiese rol vir TNFα is egter voorgestel aangesien verhoogde vlakke van die sitokien tydens inisiasie van spier herstel meganismes teenwoordig is: TNFα word deur infiltrerende inflammatoriese selle, asook deur beseerde spier vesels afgeskei. Volwasse skeletspier bevat ‘n populasie stamselagtige selle, sogenoemde satelliet selle. Laasgenoemde word geaktiveer, prolifereer en differensieër volgende spierbesering, om sodoende herstel van beskadigde spier te weeg te bring. Baie navorsing op die effekte van TNFα op satelliet sel differensiasie is onlangs uitgevoer. Dit is egter aansienlik moeilik om volgens hierdie navorsing‘n algehele beeld van TNFα se aksies te vorm aangesien alle modelle wat gebruik word verskil. Ons doel was daarom om ‘n omvangryke assessering van toenemende konsentrasies kronies gesupplementeerde TNFα op differensieërende C2C12 selle op ‘n enkele model uit te voer. Selle was vir 7 dae met of sonder TNFα supplementasie gedifferentieër. Differensiasie was by Dag 0 geïnduseer. TNFα se effek op differensiasie is op dae 1, 3, 5, en 7 deur middel van western blot analise geassesseer. Aanvullende immunohistochemiese bepalings op dae 1, 4, en 7 is verder deurgevoer. Merkers vir differensiasie het die spier regulatoriese faktore MyoD en miogenien, sel siklus merkers p21 en PCNA, asook die integrale sein transduksie molekule p38MAPK ingesluit. TNFα supplementasie by dag 1 het geneig om vroeë merkers van differensiasie positief te reguleer. Met voortdurende supplementasie is die vroeë positiewe effekte (op ‘n dosis afhanklike manier) egter omgekeer: ‘n neiging teenoor (‘n dosis afhanklike) vermindering in MyoD, miogenien en p21 proteïen het in behandelde kulture op dae 3, 5, en 7 bestaan. Hierdie bevindinge was beduidend by dag 5 (p21, p<0.05), en dag 7 (miogenien, p<0.05). A beduidende dosis afhanklike afname in p38 fosforilasie was duidelik by dag 3 (p<0.05), terwyl fosfo-p38 by dag 7 verhoog het met verhoogde konsentrasie TNFα (p<0.05). Bogenoemde saamgevat, dui aan dat TNFα supplementasie 24h volgende die induksie van differensiasie in vitro, verhoogde vlakke van vroeë differnsiasie merkers te weeg bring. Met voortdurende TNFα supplementasie, word differensiasie merkers egter met toenemende dosis verminder. Hierdie studie voorsien ‘n omvattende karakterisering van die dosis- en tyd afhanklike effekte van TNFα op satelliet sel differesiasie in vitro. Die model sisteem in hierdie studie gebruik, maak afleidings oor meer kroniese siektetoestande moontlik.
MacDougall, Stephen L. (Stephen Lindsay). "Effector:target interactions in the human natural killer cell system : characterization of the target structures." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74570.
Full textI describe here the derivation and characteristics of a variant clone (Clone I) of the human leukemic cell line K562. These cells, selected for decreased binding to peripheral blood lymphocytes, were less sensitive than the parent to lysis by NK in the resting, but not in the augmented state. Although their major plasma membrane proteins appeared identical to those of K562, they contained an additional minor group of fucosylated glycolipids. A later subclone of Clone I, selected for resistance to Concanavalin A, reverted to an NK sensitive pattern and exhibited the parental profile of glycolipids.
The results illustrate in an in vitro model how a leukemic cell can modulate its membrane to escape surveillance by NK cells, and suggest that the glycolipids might be involved (directly or indirectly) in the mechanism.
Saleh, Maya. "Protein-protein interactions and cell signaling in the regulation of HOX.PBX functions." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37620.
Full textAustin, Emily. "Homeostatic regulation of induced [beta]-cell mass expansion in mice." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101701.
Full textA pentadecapeptide fragment of Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein (INGAP 104-118) was administered daily to adult C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks. Four animals from the INGAP104-118 treatment group and control group were sacrificed each week. The pancreas was removed from each mouse and stained for insulin. beta-cell mass was calculated as the organ weight multiplied by the percent of insulin+ area of total tissue area. Contrary to our expectations, there was no change in the total beta-cell mass in INGAP104-118-treated animals compared to control. Reanalysis of the stained tissue sections was preformed, and insulin+ structures were classified as being: (1) a duct islet, (2) a cluster of insulin+ cells, or (3) a mature islet. The density (#/mm2) of duct islets, clusters, and total structures in INGAP 104-118-treated animals was significantly increased; conversely, the density of mature islets was significantly decreased. The increase in cluster density suggests that INGAP104-118 induced neogenesis in the pancreas of treated animals. Poisson regression revealed 9th order polynomial time trends in the structure densities. Though these time trends differed between the classes of structures, they were identical in INGAP104-118 and control animals for each class of structure, suggesting an external stimulus was acting equally on both groups.
While this study did not determine if there is homeostatic regulation of induced beta-cell mass expansion, it did reveal important aspects for the design of a future study to address this issue. The definitions for structure classification must be well-established and rates of beta-cell replication should be determined.
Middlebrook, Aaron J. "Nicotine and TNF alpha, modulators of T cell signaling-effects on T cell development in fetal thymus organ culture." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280628.
Full textLu, Yarong 1971. "Pancreatic-specific insulin-like growth factor I gene deficiency on islet cell growth and protection." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111827.
Full textKnudson, Jennifer Caroline. "Cardiotrophin-1 as an ex vivo activator of a stem-cell like population in the murine heart." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26946.
Full textSzymanska, Irena. "Exploration of lentiviral vectors and TAT-fusion proteins for the delivery of XIAP protein to neonatal retinal progenitor cells." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27790.
Full textWang, Yifang. "Role and regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression during development of the rat ovarian follicle in vitro." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29006.
Full textSheng, Yinglun. "G protein signaling and G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway in Xenopus oocyte maturation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29262.
Full textZhao, Qing 1966. "Prosaposin : a glycoprotein with multiple functions and dual destinations." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36857.
Full textPatel, Bharatkumar N. "Ceruloplasmin : novel form and function in the central nervous system." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37807.
Full textThe membrane-anchored form of ceruloplasmin was identified using a monoclonal antibody (mAb 1A1) that specifically labels the surface of astrocytes. Using mAb 1A1 immunoaffinity chromatography, the antigen was purified from detergent extracts of rat C6 glioma cells. Amino acid microsequencing, and additional experiments, revealed that this antigen was highly similar to ceruloplasmin. Further experiments revealed that this form of ceruloplasmin was directly anchored to the surface of astrocytes and C6 glioma cells by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.
Screening of a C6 glioma cDNA library identified a novel alternatively-spliced transcript that codes for this GPI-anchored form of ceruloplasmin. HEK293T cells transfected with the novel full-length cDNA expressed ceruloplasmin on the cell surface. Treating these transfected cells with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), an enzyme that specifically cleaves GPI anchors, eliminated the cell surface localization of ceruloplasmin, confirming that the novel cDNA codes for the GPI-anchored form of the protein. RNase protections on rat brain and liver RNA revealed that GPI-anchored ceruloplasmin is the major form in the brain, whereas the liver expresses predominantly the secreted form.
To better understand the role of ceruloplasmin in vivo, a ceruloplasmin gene knockout mouse was generated. The knockout mice accumulate large amounts of iron in the liver and have reduced serum iron levels. Older knockout mice (15--17 months) have increased iron accumulation in different parts of the CNS, including the cerebellum, spinal cord, and retina. Increased lipid peroxidation is also observed in some regions of the CNS. These biochemical changes were accompanied by deficits in motor skills. Furthermore, dissociated cell cultures of the cerebellum from knockout mice were more susceptible to free radical injury when treated with hydrogen peroxide. These data suggest that ceruloplasmin plays an important role in iron metabolism in the CNS and provides protection against free radical injury.
Zhu, Ping jun. "Adenosine release and neuronal depression during energy deprivation : electrophysiological studies." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40305.
Full textA most interesting phenomenon is the reversible suppression of neuronal function that occurs in the very early phase of energy deprivation. Adenosine receptor antagonists reversibly reduce this suppression. In contrast, neither glibenclamide, a blocker of ATP-sensitive K$ sp+$ channels, nor a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor prevents the suppression of neuronal activity induced by energy deprivation. The depressant effect acts selectively on excitatory synapses, since in the presence of excitatory receptor antagonists, anoxia causes only a small reduction of monosynaptic inhibitory responses. Also adenosine antagonists, but not the K$ rm sb{ATP}$ channel blocker, reversibly attenuate anoxia- and cyanide-induced post-synaptic hyperpolarizations.
Furthermore, under normoxic conditions, ongoing adenosine release exerts an inhibitory tone on excitatory synapses but not on inhibitory synapses. The effects of ongoing adenosine release are mainly on synapses, since after blockade of transmitter actions, ongoing adenosine release has no detectable effect on membrane conductance.
The evidence presented in this thesis shows that increased adenosine release induced by energy deprivation is a major cause of the reversible loss of synaptic transmission and fall in membrane resistance, and therefore indicates a mechanism by which adenosine release contributes to the reversal depression of neuronal activity seen during energy deprivation.
Di, Falco Marcos Rafael. "Development of growth factor-cytokine fusion proteins with increased hematopoietic activity : physiological and cellular effects." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82853.
Full textThe BOMIGF-IL-3 chimera promoted greater thymidine incorporation activity into TF-1 and bovine fetal erythroid cells than observed with the combined administration of BOMIGF and IL-3. This chimera also stimulated the formation of BFU-Es, CFU-GMs and, in particular, the highly proliferative macroscopic colonies in peripheral blood cell hematopoietic colony formation assays. These effects were reproduced in colony formation assays from bone marrow- and spleen-derived colony-forming cells from mice treated with BOMIGF-IL-3. This chimera also helped in the recovery of weight loss, anemia and neutropenia in an AZT-mediated myelossuppression mouse model. The chimera was shown to be significantly better than the corresponding equimolar mixture of the single factors at promoting the survival of TF-1 cells. This effect is associated with a sustained activation of PI-3 kinase, STAT5 phosphorylation and BclxL expression. The chimera was also better than the co-addition of BOMIGF and IL-3 at stimulating the migration of TF-1 cells across Transwell plates. The chimera-dependent potentiation of migration appears to be mediated by at the very least, an enhancement of PI-3 kinase activity.
This recombinant BOMIGF-IL-3 fusion molecule could prove useful for the therapeutic treatment of conditions with decreased production of blood cells such as in AZT- or chemotherapy-induced anemia. Other useful applications may include the mobilisation of stem cells and their ex vivo expansion for the purpose of stem cell transplantation.
Cohen, Ricky Israel. "Rat brain oligodendrocytes express muscarinic and adrenergic receptors." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42006.
Full textCCH (carbachol), a stable Ach analog, caused a concentration and time dependent increase in the accumulation of InsPs and the mobilization of (Ca$ rm sp{2+} rbrack sb{i},$ which was inhibited by atropine, a specific muscarinic antagonist, and was negatively regulated by acute activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester TPA. CCH also negatively regulated the $ beta$-adrenergic-stimulated increase in cAMP levels. Using subtype m1 and m2 specific muscarinic receptor oligonucleotide primers RT-PCR confirmed the presence of, at least, these two muscarinic receptor subtypes. CCH caused a time and concentration-dependent increase in c-fos proto-oncogene mRNA levels as determined by Northern blot analysis. The CCH-stimulated c-fos increase was mediated through a non-phorbol ester sensitive PKC isozyme, and was dependent upon intra and extracellular calcium. Moreover, CCH stimulated DNA synthesis in OLPs, as measured by both ($ sp3$H) -thymidine and BrdU incorporation.
Lastly, the NE-stimulated signal transduction pathway was characterized in developing OLPs. Using selective agonists and antagonists, we determined that NE increased the formation of InsPs through $ alpha sb1$ adrenoceptors. We further subclassified the $ alpha sb1$ receptor to the $ rm alpha sb{1A}$ subtype using more selective reagents; WB4101, a selective antagonist for $ rm alpha sb{1A}$ receptors blocked the response to NE, while chloroethylclonidine, an $ rm alpha sb{1B}$ antagonist had no effect. Furthermore, Pertussis toxin, a bacterial toxin that ADP-ribosylates and inactivates certain G-proteins, EGTA, a calcium chelator, or CdCl$ sb2,$ an inorganic calcium channel blocker, all significantly blocked the NE-stimulated InsP formation. Together these results suggest that OLPs express $ alpha sb1$-adrenoceptors characteristic of the $ rm alpha sb{1A}$ subtype.
In toto, these studies demonstrate that developing OLs express functional muscariaic and adrenergic receptors, and suggest that Ach may function as a trophic factor. These results help to define a mechanism whereby neurons, and OLs may use neurotransmitters to communicate both during development and in the mature central nervous system.
Khatchadourian, Karine. "Abnormalities in the testis, reduced sperm counts and decreased motility parameters in huntingtin- interacting protein 1 (HIP1) deficient mice." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84045.
Full textTaken together, differences in sperm counts, morphology and their motility parameters suggest a functional role for HIP1 in relation to actin and microtubules during sperm development in the testis.
Walker, Angela. "Electrochemical study of vesicular release in bovine chromaffin cells." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23431.
Full textFrequency histograms of the rise and decay times of the current spikes showed a paucity of very short duration events. Scatterograms of the rise and decay times consistently showed a positive relation, and the best fitted lines intercepted the ordinate (the axis of the decay time) at: 16.06 $ pm$ 6.45 msec (n = 11).
The effect of temperature changes upon the time course of release of content of individual vesicles in chromaffin cells was also examined. The amplitudes of the current spikes did not change significantly, whereas the rise times and the decay times diminished from (23.2 $ pm$ 11.6 to 11.9 $ pm$ 2.7 msec, and from 76.6 $ pm$ 25.4 to 47.3 $ pm$ 9.3 msec respectively) as the temperature was raised from 15$ sp circ$C to 35$ sp circ$C (n = 5). Nevertheless, the Q$ sb{10}$ values of the rise and decay times were surprisingly low.
The experimental findings suggest that in bovine chromaffin cells the duration of the release of content of single vesicles is much longer than in synapses. The results also suggest that this mechanism does not involve processes that are strongly temperature sensitive.
Ma, Weiya. "Substance P sensory fiber innervation of CNS target tissues in two experimental models." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40185.
Full textIn the second model, we used immunocytochemistry to study the SP-IR fiber innervation of the white matter of transgenic mice expressing NGF in myelinating oligodendrocytes driven by a MBP promoter. SP-IR fibers were observed in the white matter of the CNS of both transgenic and control mice from postnatal day 0 to day 2. From day 5 on, however, these SP-IR fibers increased markedly to become ectopic fibers in transgenic mice, but decreased dramatically, and finally disappeared, in control mice. The ectopic SP-IR fibers of transgenic mice persisted throughout adulthood. Capsaicin treatment abolished all ectopic SP-IR fibers, indicating their primary sensory origin.
In conclusion, SP-IR fibers specifically innervated nociceptive neurons and co-localized with CGRP, ENK and GABA in the cat dorsal horn. The finding provides anatomical substrates for roles of SP in nociception and for functional interactions of SP with ENK and GABA. Ectopic SP-IR fibers innervated the white matter of the CNS of transgenic mice where NGF was abnormally-produced.
An, Jing 1962. "Microenvironmental influences on the growth of normal and leukemic myeloid cells in the rat bone marrow." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41964.
Full textGhamari, Langroudi Masoud. "Analysis of caesium sensitive membrane conductances in neurones of supraoptic nucleus." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37893.
Full textKuhn, Hallie. "Regulation of Yolk Catabolism in Early Embryogenesis." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845424.
Full textSystems Biology