Dissertations / Theses on the topic '059999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified'
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Page, Girija. "An environmentally-based systems approach to sustainability analyses of organic fruit production systems in New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sustainable Agricultural Systems at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/825.
Full textWakefield, Benita. "Haumanu taiao ihumanea: collaborative study with Te Tai O Marokura Kaitiaki Group : Tuakana Miriama Kahu, Teina Benita Wakefield." Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1335.
Full textDennis, S. J. "Nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emission from grazed grassland: upscaling from lysimeters to farm." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1269.
Full textMuraki, Tomohiro. "Effects of alternative grass species on grazing preference of sheep for white clover." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1095.
Full text(5931173), Jessica Merkling. "Development of an Environmental DNA Assay for Eastern Massasauga." Thesis, 2019.
Find full text(10994988), Minglu Li. "ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECT SOCIAL ENGINEERING ATTACKS." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textSocial engineering attacks can have serious consequences when it comes to information security. A social engineering attack aims at sensitive personal information by using personality weaknesses and using manipulation techniques. Because the user is often seen as the weakest link, techniques like phishing, baiting, and vishing, and deception are used to glean important personal information successfully. This article will analyze the relationship between the environment and social engineering attacks. This data consists of 516 people taking a survey. When it comes to discovering the relationship, there are two parts of the analysis. One is a high-dimensional analysis using multiple algorithms to find a connection between the environment and people’s behavior. The other uses a text analysis algorithm to study the pattern of survey questions, which can help discover why certain people have the same tendency in the same scenario. After combining these two, we might show how people have different reactions when dealing with social engineering attacks due to environmental factors.
(9183593), Noah S. Feldman. "Does environmental variability explain male parental care in a burying beetle?" Thesis, 2020.
Find full text(9515447), Anamika Shreevastava. "Spatio-temporal characterization of fractal intra-Urban Heat Islets." Thesis, 2020.
Find full text(7480697), Rebecca Kristine Smith. "Assessing Sow Preference for Scratching Enrichment and Effectiveness in Farrowing Crates." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textEffective enrichments for farm animals are increasingly important to address public concerns about farm animal welfare and improve the welfare of the animals we raise. The public’s concern has increased in recent years as the management and care that farmers give their animals has become more apparent to them. Some of the conditions in which animals are kept are emotionally not appealing to the public. One such condition is farrowing crates for sows and piglets. The sows are confined in a small space with no social contact and cannot perform nesting behaviors. Farrowing crates are widely used though, as they allow farmers to handle piglets without fear of sow aggression, meet individual sow nutritional needs, and personalize care. Piglet mortality due to crushing is also decreased with crate use. Sow welfare in farrowing crates can be improved through environmental enrichments. Enrichments improve welfare by increasing species-specific behaviors, creating a more complex environment, reducing abnormal behaviors, and increasing an animal’s ability to cope with stressful situations. For pigs, different enrichments have been shown to decrease stereotypies, like sham chewing and bar biting, decrease harmful redirected behavior towards pen mates, like tail biting and belly nosing, increased exploratory behavior, and increase positive affect. Straw has been found to be the best enrichment for pigs because it allows them to perform motivational behaviors such as rooting, foraging, and nest building. It is also complex, manipulatable, destructible, and ingestible, which are important attributes of effective enrichments. Unfortunately, straw cannot be used in farms that have slurry systems, as the straw will fall through the slats into the pit below and cause drainage issues. This includes farrowing crates. There have been a few studies on alternative enrichments for sows in crates, like cloth tassels, but they are not as effective as straw and are rarely used on farm.
Most enrichments target pigs’ motivations to forage, root, graze, or build nests. Pigs perform other behaviors and may have other motivations that enrichments have not targeted yet. One such behavior is scratching. In a semi-natural environment, pigs will rub against trees and bushes. In confinement, pigs rub on fences, walls, and even allow people to scratch them with their hands. There have been no recorded studies done on scratching enrichment for pigs. Many studies have been done in the dairy industry exploring rotating brushes. These brushes have been implemented successfully on commercial farms and are used by cows to groom and scratch themselves. A similar device may allow pigs to also satisfy their itch. Our aim is to provide scratching enrichment to sows in farrowing crates. Since there have been no studies recorded on scratching enrichment or scratching in pigs in general, several steps had to take place before addressing the topic for sows in crates. The first project’s aim was to see what materials pigs prefer to scratch on and their willingness to use such an enrichment.
Experiment 2 for sow preference was performed on several pens (N=14) of sows and gilts with Plastic Mat, Fiber Mat, and Plastic Combs to narrow the preference down to 2 materials to proceed to the farrowing crates. The experiment was carried out in repetitions. Each repetition tested 4 pens at a time. The scratch posts were modified from Exp. 1 and each material was placed in a pen. Due to material destruction only 2 repetitions were carried out, both ending a little early (N=8). During the first repetition (Rep 1), sows ate and destroyed all the Plastic Combs within 2 d. The Plastic Comb scratch posts were pulled from the study and the second repetition (Rep 2) only had the Plastic Mat and Fiber Mat represented. An observation was made that one of the pens in Rep1 had extra feed on their floor and were not destroying their materials as fast as the other pens. So for Rep 2, more modifications to the scratch posts were made and the sows were given a little extra feed. The scratch posts were still destroyed in Rep 2 proving that the sows’ hunger and motivation to perform oral manipulations overwhelmed scratching behaviors. However, from the data that was collected sows spent more time and more frequently interacted with the Fiber Mat compared to the Plastic Mat. They more frequently and spent more time interacting than scratching with the enrichments but scratched on both enrichments the same amount of time and frequency (Durations: F1,112.6 = 13.63, P = 0.0003; Frequencies: F1,111.9 = 19.72, P < 0.0001).
The plastic and fiber mats were presented to sows in farrowing crates for the second project by default. Sows (N=18) of parities 2 (P2) and 3 (P3) were housed for 25 d and assigned no enrichment (Control) or to a scratch pad treatment of plastic mats (Plastic) or fiber mats (Fiber). All were assessed for lesions, abnormal behaviors, eating and scratching behaviors, and time spent in different postures and behaviors. Scratching bouts occurred in short durations and were intermittent throughout the day. Parity 2 Plastic sows scratched for a longer total duration than P2 and P3 Fiber sows, P3 Plastic sows, and P2 Control sows (F2,11 = 11.94, P = 0.002). Parity 2 Plastic sows also displayed scratching bouts more frequently than all except P3 Control sows (F2,11 = 18.46, P = 0.0003). There were no body lesion differences between treatments (P > 0.05). Abnormal behaviors (P > 0.05) and proportion of time spent in different postures (F2,94 = 0.0003, P = 0.999) did not differ among treatments.
In conclusion, if a sow is experiencing hunger while in gestation pens this motivation may be overwhelming any other behavior needs. Scratch posts were destroyed and eaten. In this sort of environment, focusing on an enrichment that meets the need to forage and root would be more successful. Sows still scratched on the posts, so their preference and scratching use was still recorded to an extent to proceed to the experiment in farrowing crates. In farrowing crates, plastic scratch pads may be a suitable enrichment as they increased the natural behavior of scratching and did not increase abnormal behaviors. More research is needed to refine the scratch pad design and identify additional measures needed to examine the suitability of scratch pads as a form of environmental enrichment for sows in farrowing crates. In addition, the behavioral characteristics and sows’ underlying motivation for scratching need to be studied because very little is known about scratching behavior of sows. If sows are motivated to scratch, and scratching helps improve their welfare, then scratching enrichment may be beneficial to sows and farmers.Khan, Md Kabirul Islam. "Development of models for the genetic improvement of dairy cattle under cooperative dairying conditions in Bangladesh : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in animal Breeding and Genetics at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1378.
Full textPalmer, Kent D. "Emergent design : explorations in systems phenomenology in relation to ontology, hermeneutics and the meta-dialectics of design." 2009. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/74458.
Full textLloyd, Janice Kathryn Foyer. "Exploring the match between people and their guide dogs." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1732.
Full textLloyd, Janice Kathryn Foyer. "Exploring the match between people and their guide dogs : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science at Massey University, Turitea, Aotearoa/New Zealand." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1732.
Full textThe relationship between guide dog handlers in New Zealand and their guide dogs was investigated to identify the reasons why some partnerships are successful while others are not. A two-part study was designed to explore the match between the handler and the dog to improve the outcome of the matching process. A focus group discussion with people who had a range of visual acuity and experience with mobility aids was conducted as a preliminary measure to help develop the survey questionnaire that was used in the second part of the study. Fifty current and/or previous handlers, who had used a total of 118 dogs, were interviewed about their prior expectations and the outcome of the partnerships. Results indicated that the majority of matches were successful, and quality of life was improved for most participants because of using a dog. Around a quarter of the matches were considered unsuccessful, although not all mismatched dogs were returned. Mismatches arose predominantly from problems concerning the dogs' working behaviour followed by the dogs' social/home behaviour. However, dogs were also returned for health problems and a few were returned for personal issues concerning the handler. Compatibility between the handler and the dog, and the fulfilment of expectations were positively associated with better matches. Factors relating to mobility, including a handler's ability to control a dog, made the biggest contribution to success, but non-work related issues, such as companionship and enhancement of social interactions were also significant. Other factors that appeared to be associated with a good outcome included an accurate assessment of workload, having a good relationship with the guide dog instructor, and having a little useful vision - especially if this deteriorated over the time a dog was used. Other findings suggested that the use of a dog improved travel performance, regardless of how well the participants' perceived their travel ability to have been before the dog was acquired, and that second dogs were less favoured than the first ones. These results have permitted a series of recommendations to be proposed to the guide dog industry regarding characteristics of handler and dog that are important for a successful match.
Kalaitzidis, Evdokia. "professional ethics for professional nursing." 2006. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/30081.
Full text(6615803), Ashley E. Rice. "Factors Influencing Indiana Residents' Level of Interest in Engaging with Purdue University." Thesis, 2019.
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